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  • Articles  (86)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (86)
  • Base Sequence  (86)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (86)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 1985  (86)
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  • Articles  (86)
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  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (86)
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (86)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
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    Major glycoprotein antigens that induce antibodies in AIDS patients are encoded by HTLV-III (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: Antibodies from the serum of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with the AIDS-related complex and from the serum of seropositive healthy homosexuals, recognize two major glycoproteins in cells infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III). These glycoproteins, gp160 and gp120, are encoded by the 2.5-kilobase open reading frame located in the 3' end of the HTLV-III genome, as determined by amino terminus sequence analysis of the radiolabeled forms of these proteins. It is hypothesized that gp160 and gp120 represent the major species of virus-encoded envelope gene products for HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allan, J S -- Coligan, J E -- Barin, F -- McLane, M F -- Sodroski, J G -- Rosen, C A -- Haseltine, W A -- Lee, T H -- Essex, M -- 2T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37466/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1091-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/genetics/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Expression in brain of a messenger RNA encoding a novel neuropeptide homologous to calcitonin gene-related peptide (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: As a consequence of alternative RNA processing events, a single rat gene can generate messenger RNA's (mRNA's) encoding either calcitonin or a neuropeptide referred to as alpha-type calcitonin gene-related peptide (alpha-CGRP). An mRNA product of a related gene has been identified in rat brain and thyroid encoding the protein precursor of a peptide differing from alpha-CGRP by only a single amino acid. The RNA encoding this peptide, which is referred to as beta-CGRP, appears to be the only mature transcript of the beta-CGRP gene. Hybridization histochemistry reveals a similar distribution of alpha- and beta-CGRP mRNA's, but their relative levels of expression vary in different cranial nerve nuclei. Thus beta-CGRP is a new member of a family of related genes with potential functions in regulating the transduction of sensory and motor information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Amara, S G -- Arriza, J L -- Leff, S E -- Swanson, L W -- Evans, R M -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1094-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*analysis ; Rats
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  • 3
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    A catalytic RNA and its gene from Salmonella typhimurium (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: The gene for the RNA subunit (M1 RNA) of ribonuclease P from Salmonella typhimurium directs the synthesis of an RNA that can cleave transfer RNA precursor molecules. The mature M1 RNA coded for by Salmonella typhimurium is 375 nucleotides long and has six nucleotide changes in comparison to M1 RNA from Escherichia coli. The regions for promotion and termination of transcription are closely conserved, but adjacent regions of nucleotide sequences show considerable drift.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baer, M -- Altman, S -- GM19422/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):999-1002.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Endoribonucleases/*analysis ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/genetics ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Genes, Bacterial ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA/genetics ; RNA Precursors ; RNA, Bacterial/*genetics/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Ribonuclease P ; Salmonella typhimurium/enzymology/*genetics ; Terminator Regions, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 4
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    Trans-activator gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-05
    Description: Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) encodes a trans-acting factor that activates the expression of genes linked to the HTLV-III long terminal repeat. By functional mapping of complementary DNA transcripts of viral messenger RNA's the major functional domain of the gene encoding this factor was localized to a region immediately before the env gene of the virus, a region previously thought to be noncoding. This newly identified gene consists of three exons, and its transcription into messenger RNA involves two splicing events bringing together sequences from the 5' part (287 base pairs), middle (268 base pairs), and 3'part (1258 base pairs) of the HTLV-III genome. A similar messenger RNA with a truncated second exon (70 base pairs) does not encode a trans-acting function. It is proposed that this second messenger RNA is the transcript of a gene (3'-orf) located after the env gene. Messenger RNA's were also identified for the env and gag-pol genes of HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arya, S K -- Guo, C -- Josephs, S F -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):69-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
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    T-cell receptor beta-chain expression: dependence on relatively few variable region genes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Fifteen independently isolated complementary DNA clones that contain T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta genes were sequenced and found to represent 11 different V beta genes. When compared with known sequences, 14 different V beta genes could be defined from a total of 25 complementary DNA's; 11 clones therefore involved repeated usage of previously identified V beta's. Based on these data, we calculate a maximum likelihood estimate of the number of expressed germline V beta genes to be 18 with an upper 95 percent confidence bound of 30 genes. Southern blot analysis has shown that most of these genes belong to single element subfamilies which show very limited interstrain polymorphism. The TCR beta-chain diversity appears to be generated from a limited V beta gene pool primarily by extensive variability at the variable-diversity-joining (V-D-J) junctional site, with no evidence for the involvement of somatic hypermutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behlke, M A -- Spinella, D G -- Chou, H S -- Sha, W -- Hartl, D L -- Loh, D Y -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; Gene Pool ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymus Gland
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  • 6
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    Genomic heterogeneity of AIDS retroviral isolates from North America and Zaire (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: In an analysis of the genomic variation of AIDS retroviral isolates from patients living in New York, Alabama, and Zaire, restriction maps were constructed by using seven enzymes, each known to cleave the proviral DNA more than once, in conjunction with Southern blot analysis. The maps of LAV, HTLV-III, and ARV-2 as deduced from their published nucleotide sequences were included in this analysis. The results demonstrated that (i) several "signature" restriction sites were common to all isolates; (ii) with the exception of LAV and HTLV-III, the North American and European isolates were all different from one another and showed no geographical specificity; (iii) the African isolates as a group were more diverse than those from North America and Europe; and (iv) the genomic variability was concentrated within the env gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benn, S -- Rutledge, R -- Folks, T -- Gold, J -- Baker, L -- McCormick, J -- Feorino, P -- Piot, P -- Quinn, T -- Martin, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):949-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; North America ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    The mosaic genome of warm-blooded vertebrates (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: Most of the nuclear genome of warm-blooded vertebrates is a mosaic of very long (much greater than 200 kilobases) DNA segments, the isochores; these isochores are fairly homogeneous in base composition and belong to a small number of major classes distinguished by differences in guanine-cytosine (GC) content. The families of DNA molecules derived from such classes can be separated and used to study the genome distribution of any sequence which can be probed. This approach has revealed (i) that the distribution of genes, integrated viral sequences, and interspersed repeats is highly nonuniform in the genome, and (ii) that the base composition and ratio of CpG to GpC in both coding and noncoding sequences, as well as codon usage, mainly depend on the GC content of the isochores harboring the sequences. The compositional compartmentalization of the genome of warm-blooded vertebrates is discussed with respect to its evolutionary origin, its causes, and its effects on chromosome structure and function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernardi, G -- Olofsson, B -- Filipski, J -- Zerial, M -- Salinas, J -- Cuny, G -- Meunier-Rotival, M -- Rodier, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):953-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Chickens/*genetics ; Chromosome Banding ; Codon ; Cytosine/analysis ; DNA/analysis/*genetics ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Amplification ; *Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Guanine/analysis ; Humans ; Mammals/*genetics ; Mice/genetics ; Mutation ; Rabbits/genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Xenopus/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Active T-cell receptor genes have intron deoxyribonuclease hypersensitive sites (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: The T-cell receptor beta-chain gene has a nuclease hypersensitive site in several kinds of T cells, which does not appear in B cells expressing immunoglobulins. Conversely, the kappa immunoglobulin gene shows a known hypersensitive site at its enhancer element in B cells, as expected, but this site is absent in T cells. As is the case with immunoglobulin genes, the T-cell receptor site lies within the gene, in the intron separating joining and constant region segments. These nuclease hypersensitive DNA configurations in the introns of active T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes may arise from control elements that share ancestry but have diverged to the extent that each normally acts only in lymphoid cells which use the proximal gene product.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bier, E -- Hashimoto, Y -- Greene, M I -- Maxam, A M -- AI 19901/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 22427/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):528-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3927483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Mapping ; Collodion ; Deoxyribonuclease I/*metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunochemistry ; Immunoglobulin Fragments/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/genetics ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Strategies and applications of in vitro mutagenesis (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Botstein, D -- Shortle, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1193-201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular/*methods ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Bacterial ; DNA, Recombinant ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mutagenicity Tests/*methods ; *Mutation ; Oligonucleotides ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    The "spliceosome": yeast pre-messenger RNA associates with a 40S complex in a splicing-dependent reaction (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: The in vitro splicing reactions of pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) in a yeast extract were analyzed by glycerol gradient centrifugation. Labeled pre-mRNA appears in a 40S peak only if the pre-mRNA undergoes the first of the two partial splicing reactions. RNA analysis after extraction of glycerol gradient fractions shows that lariat-form intermediates, molecules that occur only in mRNA splicing, are found almost exclusively in this 40S complex. Another reaction intermediate, cut 5' exon RNA, can also be found concentrated in this complex. The complex is stable even in 400 mM KCl, although at this salt concentration, it sediments at 35S and is clearly distinguishable from 40S ribosomal subunits. This complex, termed a "spliceosome," is thought to contain components necessary for mRNA splicing; its existence can explain how separated exons on pre-mRNA are brought into contact.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brody, E -- Abelson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):963-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA Precursors ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Fungal/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/metabolism
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  • 11
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    Association of crossover points with topoisomerase I cleavage sites: a model for nonhomologous recombination (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: Nonhomologous DNA recombination is frequently observed in somatic cells upon the introduction of DNA into cells or in chromosomal events involving sequences already stably carried by the genome. In this report, the DNA sequences at the crossover points for excision of SV40 from chromosomes were shown to be associated with eukaryotic topoisomerase I cleavage sites in vitro. The precise location of the cleavage sites relative to the crossover points has suggested a general model for nonhomologous recombination mediated by topoisomerase I.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bullock, P -- Champoux, J J -- Botchan, M -- CA 30490/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):954-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Chromatin/ultrastructure ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/*metabolism ; Rats ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Simian virus 40/*genetics
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  • 12
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    Control of directionality in lambda site specific recombination (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: The simple relation between the substrates and products of site-specific recombination raises questions about the control of directionality often observed in this class of DNA transactions. For bacteriophage lambda, viral integration and excision proceed by discrete pathways, and DNA substrates with the intrinsic property of recombining in only one direction can be constructed. These pathways display an asymmetric reliance on a complex array of protein binding sites, and they respond differently to changes in the concentrations of the relevant proteins. The Escherichia coli protein integration host factor (IHF) differentially affects integrative and excisive recombination, thereby influencing directionality. A four- to eightfold increase in intracellular IHF coincides with the transition from exponential to stationary phase; this provides a mechanism for growth phase-dependent regulation of recombination that makes the cellular physiology an intrinsic part of the recombination reaction.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978455/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978455/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bushman, W -- Thompson, J F -- Vargas, L -- Landy, A -- AI13544/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM033928/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062723/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):906-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2932798" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacteriophage lambda/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Integration Host Factors ; *Lysogeny ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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  • 13
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    The unusual varl gene of yeast mitochondrial DNA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: The var1 gene specifies the only mitochondrial ribosomal protein known to be encoded by yeast mitochondrial DNA. The gene is unusual in that its base composition is nearly 90 percent adenine plus thymine. It and its expression product show a strain-dependent variation in size of up to 7 percent; this variation does not detectably interfere with function. Furthermore, var1 is an expandable gene that participates in a novel recombinational event resembling gene conversion whereby shorter alleles are preferentially converted to longer ones. The remarkable features of var1 indicate that it may have evolved by a mechanism analogous to exon shuffling, although no introns are actually present.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Butow, R A -- Perlman, P S -- Grossman, L I -- GM-22525/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-26546/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1496-501.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*analysis ; *Genes, Fungal ; Mutation ; Neurospora/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 14
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    A new class of endogenous human retroviral genomes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Human DNA contains multiple copies of a novel class of endogenous retroviral genomes. Analysis of a human recombinant DNA clone (HLM-2) containing one such proviral genome revealed that it is a mosaic of retroviral-related sequences with the organization and length of known endogenous retroviral genomes. The HLM-2 long terminal repeat hybridized with the long terminal repeat of the squirrel monkey virus, a type D retrovirus. The HLM-2 gag and pol genes share extensive nucleotide sequence homology with those of the M432 retrovirus (a type A-related retrovirus), mouse mammary tumor virus (a type B retrovirus), and the avian Rous sarcoma virus (a type C retrovirus). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed regions in the HLM-2 pol gene that were as much as 70 percent identical to the mouse mammary tumor virus pol gene. A portion of the putative HLM-2 env gene hybridized with the corresponding region of the M432 viral genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Callahan, R -- Chiu, I M -- Wong, J F -- Tronick, S R -- Roe, B A -- Aaronson, S A -- Schlom, J -- GM30400/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1208-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408338" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Gene Products, gag ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Retroviridae/classification/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    A novel mechanism of somatic rearrangement predicted by a human T-cell antigen receptor beta-chain complementary DNA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: The T-cell antigen receptor is a cell surface molecule vital in mediating the cellular immune response. The arrangement and rearrangement of the gene segments encoding the beta-chain polypeptide of the receptor are similar to those of immunoglobulin gene segments. The two constant region genes of the human T-cell antigen receptor are 8 kilobases apart with a cluster of joining segments located 5' of each constant region gene. Although most beta-chain gene rearrangements involve the variable, diversity, and joining segments, analysis of a beta-chain complementary DNA clone suggests the occasional occurrence of another type of rearrangement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duby, A D -- Klein, K A -- Murre, C -- Seidman, J G -- AI-19438/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1204-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839095" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic
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  • 16
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    Gene expression in mice after high efficiency retroviral-mediated gene transfer (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: A retroviral expression vector (N2) containing the selectable gene, neoR, has been used to determine the optimal conditions for infecting murine hematopoietic progenitor cells at high efficiency. After infected bone marrow cells were introduced into lethally irradiated mice, the presence, stability, and expression of the vector DNA sequences were analyzed either in individual spleen foci 10 days later or in the blood, bone marrow, and spleens of mice 4 months later. When bone marrow cells were cultured in medium containing virus with titers of more than 10(6) colony-forming units per milliliter in the presence of purified murine interleukin-3, more than 85 percent of the resulting foci contained vector DNA. This proviral vector DNA was intact. Efficient expression of the neoR gene was demonstrated in most of the DNA-positive foci examined. The spleens of reconstituted animals (over a long term) contained intact "vector DNA" and the blood and bone marrow expressed the neoR gene in some animals. Thus, a retroviral vector can be used to introduce intact exogenous DNA sequences into hematopoietic stem cells with high efficiency and with substantial expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eglitis, M A -- Kantoff, P -- Gilboa, E -- Anderson, W F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1395-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; *Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Spleen/microbiology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 17
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    Bidirectional SV40 transcription mediated by tandem Sp1 binding interactions (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: The 21-base pair repeat elements of the SV40 promoter contain six tandem copies of the GGGCGG hexanucleotide (GC-box), each of which can bind, with varying affinity, to the cellular transcription factor, Sp1. In vitro SV40 early RNA synthesis is mediated by interaction of Sp1 with GC-boxes I, II, and III, whereas transcription in the late direction is mediated by binding to GC-boxes III, V, and VI.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gidoni, D -- Kadonaga, J T -- Barrera-Saldana, H -- Takahashi, K -- Chambon, P -- Tjian, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):511-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoradiography ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Deoxyribonuclease I/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mutation ; Pregnancy Proteins/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; RNA, Viral/biosynthesis ; Simian virus 40/*genetics ; Sp1 Transcription Factor ; Templates, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer requires one or more tissue-specific factors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-18
    Description: Enhancer sequences are regulatory regions that greatly increase transcription of certain eukaryotic genes. An immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable gene segment is moved from a region lacking enhancer activity to a position adjacent to the known heavy-chain enhancer early in B-cell maturation. In lymphoid cells, the heavy-chain and SV40 enhancers bind a common factor essential for enhancer function. In contrast, fibroblast cells contain a functionally distinct factor that is used by the SV40 but not by the heavy-chain enhancer. The existence of different factors in these cells may explain the previously described lymphoid cell specificity of the heavy-chain enhancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mercola, M -- Goverman, J -- Mirell, C -- Calame, K -- GM29361/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):266-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3917575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 19
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    More progress in messenger RNA splicing (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):977.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3159088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA Precursors ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/physiology ; Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear
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  • 20
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    Molecular clocks scrutinized (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):571.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Clocks ; DNA/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    DNA elements are asymmetrically joined during the site-specific recombination of kappa immunoglobulin genes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Immunoglobulin K genes are constructed during lymphocyte differentiation by the joining of two DNA elements, VK and JK, to form both a VKJK coding unit and a reciprocal recombination product. The two products formed in single VK-to-JK joining events can be directly isolated through the use of a retrovirally introduced recombination substrate. The structural analysis of a number of recombinants and the derivation of secondary recombination products define some of the basic features of the mechanism of immunoglobulin gene assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewis, S -- Gifford, A -- Baltimore, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):677-85.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3158075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Immunoglobulin J-Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Mice ; *Recombination, Genetic
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  • 22
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    Brain "identifier sequence" is not restricted to brain: similar abundance in nuclear RNA of other organs (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: A repeated 82 base pair sequence in genomic DNA of the rat was previously proposed as being a control element governing brain (neuron) specific genetic expression. This intronic sequence, termed the brain "identifier" (ID), is complementary to small RNA species localized in brain cytoplasm, and it was thought to be represented specifically in RNA produced by brain nuclei in vitro. The RNA blot analyses of total nuclear and polyadenylated heterogeneous nuclear RNA described in the present report show that this ID sequence is also present in the liver and kidney in abundances similar to those in the brain. This repeated sequence is not, therefore, restricted to transcripts produced in the brain as suggested from previous transcriptional "runoff" experiments. Measurements on rat and mouse nuclear RNA indicate that the abundance of ID sequence transcript is roughly proportional to the number of copies of this repeat in the respective genomes. This suggests a rather random genomic location and transcription of this sequence. From these results it seems improbable that the ID sequence functions as a transcriptional-level control element in genes expressed specifically in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owens, G P -- Chaudhari, N -- Hahn, W E -- NS10813/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412293" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Genes ; Kidney/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Mice ; Neural Crest/analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*analysis ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 23
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    Differential control of U1 small nuclear RNA expression during mouse development (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: During normal mouse development the relative amounts of two types of U1 small nuclear RNA's (U1 RNA) change significantly. Fetal tissues have comparable levels of the two major types of mouse U1 RNA's, mU1a and mU1b, whereas most differentiated adult tissues contain only mU1a RNA's. Those adult tissues that also accumulate detectable amounts of embryonic (mU1b) RNA's (for example, testis, spleen, and thymus) contain a significant proportion of stem cells capable of further differentiation. Several strains of mice express minor sequence variants of U1 RNA's that are subject to the same developmental controls as the major types of adult and embryonic U1 RNA. The differential accumulation of embryonic U1 RNA's may influence the pattern of gene expression during early development and differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lund, E -- Kahan, B -- Dahlberg, J E -- CA 33453/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 30220/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1271-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*growth & development/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Liver/*growth & development/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; Testis/*growth & development/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 24
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    An RNA processing activity that debranches RNA lariats (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-12
    Description: The excised introns of pre-messenger RNA's (pre-mRNA's) and intron-containing splicing intermediates are in a lariat configuration in which the 5' end of the intron is covalently joined by a 2',5'-phosphodiester bond to a specific adenosine residue near the 3' end of the intron. A 2',5'-phosphodiesterase activity in HeLa cell extracts has been detected that debranches RNA lariats, converting them to linear RNA molecules by specific cleavage of the 2',5'-phosphodiester bond. This lariat debranching activity is distinct from previously reported 2',5'-phosphodiesterases with regard to its biochemical and substrate requirements as well as its stringent cleavage specificity. The debranching activity is observed only if the RNA lariats generated during in vitro processing are deproteinized and added back to the extract. These results suggest that during the normal in vitro splicing reaction the 2',5'-phosphodiester bond of RNA lariats is protected from cleavage by the lariat debranching activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruskin, B -- Green, M R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):135-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoradiography ; Base Sequence ; Globins/genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases/*metabolism ; *RNA Splicing ; Substrate Specificity
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  • 25
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    Enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: Two new methods were used to establish a rapid and highly sensitive prenatal diagnostic test for sickle cell anemia. The first involves the primer-mediated enzymatic amplification of specific beta-globin target sequences in genomic DNA, resulting in the exponential increase (220,000 times) of target DNA copies. In the second technique, the presence of the beta A and beta S alleles is determined by restriction endonuclease digestion of an end-labeled oligonucleotide probe hybridized in solution to the amplified beta-globin sequences. The beta-globin genotype can be determined in less than 1 day on samples containing significantly less than 1 microgram of genomic DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saiki, R K -- Scharf, S -- Faloona, F -- Mullis, K B -- Horn, G T -- Erlich, H A -- Arnheim, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1350-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/*diagnosis/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Escherichia coli ; *Gene Amplification ; Globins/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 26
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    Diversity of circumsporozoite antigen genes from two strains of the malarial parasite Plasmodium knowlesi (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The complete nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the circumsporozoite antigen gene (CS gene) of the Nuri strain of the malarial parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is presented. The gene from the Nuri strain exhibits a novel form of sequence diversity when compared to the CS gene from the H strain. Instead of the 12 tandem repeating 36-base pair units of the H strain, the Nuri strain contains 16 tandem repeating 27-base pair units of a different nucleotide sequence that encodes a different repeating peptide. In contrast, the 5' and 3' coding and noncoding sequences flanking the repeats are 98 percent conserved in both strains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharma, S -- Svec, P -- Mitchell, G H -- Godson, G N -- 1 R01 AI21496-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):779-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/*genetics ; Antigens, Surface/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmodium/*genetics/immunology ; Protozoan Proteins/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 27
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    Sequence of the immunodominant epitope for the surface protein on sporozoites of Plasmodium vivax (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: Plasmodium vivax is one of the four malaria parasites that cause disease in humans. The structure of the immunodominant repeating peptide of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of P. vivax was determined. A fragment of P. vivax DNA that encodes this tandemly repeating epitope was isolated by use of an oligonucleotide probe whose sequence is thought to be conserved in CS protein genes. DNA sequence analysis of the P. vivax clone indicates that the CS repeat is nine amino acids in length (Gly-Asp-Arg-Ala-Asp-Gly-Gln-Pro-Ala). The structure of the repeating region was confirmed with synthetic peptides and monoclonal antibodies directed against P. vivax sporozoites. This information should allow synthesis of a vaccine for P. vivax that is similar to the one being tested for P. falciparum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCutchan, T F -- Lal, A A -- de la Cruz, V F -- Miller, L H -- Maloy, W L -- Charoenvit, Y -- Beaudoin, R L -- Guerry, P -- Wistar, R Jr -- Hoffman, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1381-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Epitopes/*genetics ; *Genes ; Plasmodium vivax/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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  • 28
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    Location of the trans-activating region on the genome of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-05
    Description: The retrovirus involved in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HTLV-III/LAV) contains a region that is necessary for stimulation of gene expression directed by the viral long terminal repeat. This region is located between nucleotides 5365 and 5607, immediately 5' to the envelope gene. A doubly-spliced message containing this region could encode an 86-amino acid protein with structural features similar to those of nucleic acid-binding proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sodroski, J -- Patarca, R -- Rosen, C -- Wong-Staal, F -- Haseltine, W -- CA07094/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CAA07580/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):74-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990041" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/*genetics
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  • 29
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    Molecular defects in a human immunoglobulin kappa chain deficiency (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: The molecular basis of a human immunoglobulin deficiency characterized by the complete absence of kappa chains has been investigated by nucleotide sequence analyses of a patient's kappa constant region (C kappa) genes. Both of his C kappa genes had a single point mutation, resulting in the loss of the invariant tryptophan from one allele and of an invariant cysteine from the other allele. These results indicate that neither of the patient's C kappa alleles encoded a kappa chain that could form a stable intradomain disulfide bond, although peculiarities in the expression of kappa chains in the patient's family suggest that other factors may be involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stavnezer-Nordgren, J -- Kekish, O -- Zegers, B J -- AI17558/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):458-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3931219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*genetics ; Pedigree ; Rabbits
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    Neurotrophic factors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: In addition to nerve growth factor (NGF), many proteins present in soluble tissue extracts and in the extracellular matrix influence the survival and development of cultured neurons. The structure, synthesis, and mechanism of action of NGF as a neurotrophic factor are considered along with the experiments on the new putative trophic molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thoenen, H -- Edgar, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):238-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Humans ; Ion Channels/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Myocardium/cytology ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology
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    Iron(II) EDTA used to measure the helical twist along any DNA molecule (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-08
    Description: A new method has been devised to measure the number of base pairs per helical turn along any DNA molecule in solution. A DNA restriction fragment is adsorbed onto crystalline calcium phosphate, fragmented by reaction with iron(II) EDTA, and subjected to electrophoresis on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel. A modulated cutting pattern results, which gives directly the helical periodicity of the DNA molecule. A 150-base pair sequence directly upstream of the thymidine kinase gene of the type 1 herpes simplex virus was found to have an overall helical twist of 10.5 base pairs per turn, which is characteristic of the B conformation of DNA. In addition, purines 3' to pyrimidines showed lower than expected reactivity toward the iron cutting reagent, which is evidence for sequence-dependent variability in DNA conformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tullius, T D -- Dombroski, B A -- S07 RR07041/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 8;230(4726):679-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Edetic Acid ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Simplexvirus/genetics
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    Human immunoglobulin D: genomic sequence of the delta heavy chain (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: The DNA coding for the human immunoglobulin D(IgD) heavy chain (delta, delta) has been sequenced including the membrane and secreted termini. Human delta, like that of the mouse, has a separate exon for the carboxyl terminus of the secreted form. This feature of human and mouse IgD distinguishes it from all other immunoglobulins regardless of species or class. The human gene is different from that of the mouse; it has three, rather than two, constant region domains; and its lengthy hinge is encoded by two exons rather than one. Except for the third constant region, the human and mouse genes are only distantly related.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, M B -- Shen, A L -- Word, C J -- Tucker, P W -- Blattner, F R -- AI18016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA31013-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):733-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3922054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin delta-Chains/*genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 33
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    Gram-positive bacteria: possible photosynthetic ancestry (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-01
    Description: A 16S ribosomal RNA gene has been sequenced from Heliobacterium chlorum, the recently discovered photosynthetic bacterium that contains a novel form of chlorophyll. Comparisons with other 16S ribosomal RNA sequences show that the organism belongs to the Gram-positive bacteria (one of ten eubacterial "phyla")--more precisely to the so-called low G + C (G, guanine; C, cytosine) subdivision thereof. This brings to five the number of such phyla that contain photosynthetic species, the other four being the purple bacteria and relatives, the green sulfur bacteria, the green nonsulfur bacteria, and the cyanobacteria. The finding suggests that Gram-positive bacteria may be of photosynthetic ancestry, and it strengthens the case for a common photosynthetic ancestry for all eubacteria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woese, C R -- Debrunner-Vossbrinck, B A -- Oyaizu, H -- Stackebrandt, E -- Ludwig, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985;229:762-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics and Development, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11539659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Chlorobi ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Cyanobacteria ; Cytosine/analysis ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis/chemistry/genetics ; Gram-Positive Bacteria/*classification/genetics/physiology ; Guanine/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides/analysis/chemistry/genetics ; Photosynthesis/*genetics/physiology ; RNA, Bacterial/analysis/chemistry/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis/chemistry/*genetics ; *Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    Human GM-CSF: molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and purification of the natural and recombinant proteins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Clones of complementary DNA encoding the human lymphokine known as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were isolated by means of a mammalian cell (monkey COS cell) expression screening system. One of these clones was used to produce recombinant GM-CSF in mammalian cells. The recombinant hematopoietin was similar to the natural product that was purified to apparent homogeneity from medium conditioned by a human T-cell line. The human T-cell GM-CSF was found to be 60 percent homologous with the GM-CSF recently cloned from murine lung messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, G G -- Witek, J S -- Temple, P A -- Wilkens, K M -- Leary, A C -- Luxenberg, D P -- Jones, S S -- Brown, E L -- Kay, R M -- Orr, E C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):810-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3923623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/biosynthesis/*genetics/isolation & purification ; *Dna ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Granulocytes ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; *Macrophages ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes ; Transfection
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    Oligomerization of intervening sequence RNA molecules in the absence of proteins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: The intervening sequence RNA excised from the ribosomal RNA precursor of Tetrahymena forms linear and circular oligomers when exposed to a heating-cooling treatment in vitro. The reactions require no protein or external energy source. Oligomerization is different from other self-catalyzed reactions of the intervening sequence RNA in that it involves intermolecular rather than intramolecular recombination, producing RNA molecules that are substantially larger than the original. The observation that RNA molecules can catalyze their own oligomerization has possible implications for the evolution of chromosomes and for the replicative cycle of plant viroids and virus-associated RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zaug, A J -- Cech, T R -- GM28039/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1060-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/analysis ; Polymers/analysis ; RNA/*analysis ; RNA Precursors ; RNA, Ribosomal/analysis ; Tetrahymena/genetics
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    Gene synthesis machines: DNA chemistry and its uses (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Deoxyoligonucleotides can now be synthesized rapidly and in high yield because of recent advances in nucleic acid chemistry. Key innovations include solid-phase synthesis on silica-based supports and the development of stable deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites as synthons. When incorporated into manual, semiautomatic, or automatic instruments, these new procedures can be used to prepare probes, mixed probes, deoxyoligonucleotides for priming DNA synthesis, analogues of deoxyoligonucleotides, and DNA segments containing more than 100 deoxynucleotides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Caruthers, M H -- GM21120/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM25680/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):281-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3863253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/chemical synthesis/genetics ; *Genetic Engineering ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/chemical synthesis
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    A human Y-linked DNA polymorphism and its potential for estimating genetic and evolutionary distance (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: A human DNA sequence (p12f2), derived from a partial Y-chromosome genomic library and showing homology with the X and Y chromosomes and with an undetermined number of autosomes, detected two Y-specific restriction fragment length variants on male DNA that had been digested with Taq I and Eco RI. These variants may have been generated through a deletion-insertion mechanism and their pattern of holoandric transmission indicates that they represent a two-allele Y-linked polymorphism (RFLP). By means of DNA from patients with inborn deletions in chromosome Y, this polymorphic DNA site was mapped to the interval Yq11.1-Yq11.22. The frequency of the rarest allele was about 35 percent in Algerian and Sardinian human males, whereas it was only 4 percent among Northern Europeans. The p12f2 probe also detected Y-specific DNA fragments in the gorilla and chimpanzee. In view of the monosomy of the Y chromosome in mammalian species, Y-linked RFLP's may prove to be more useful than autosomal or X-linked markers in estimating genetic distances within and between species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Casanova, M -- Leroy, P -- Boucekkine, C -- Weissenbach, J -- Bishop, C -- Fellous, M -- Purrello, M -- Fiori, G -- Siniscalco, M -- HD 16782/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1403-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; *Y Chromosome
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  • 38
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    Z-DNA forms without an alternating purine-pyrimidine sequence in solution (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (proton and phosphorus-31) and ultraviolet absorption spectra of the DNA decamer d(br5CGbr5CGATbr5CGbr5CG), in which the central two adenine-thymine base pairs are out of order with the rest of the purine-pyrimidine alternation sequence, indicate that under appropriate solvent conditions (high salt and methanol) the molecule undergoes a structural transition from a right-handed B-DNA conformation to a left-handed Z-DNA conformation. Measurements of the two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect on the decamer indicate that all of the guanines as well as the two equivalent thymines adopt the syn conformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feigon, J -- Wang, A H -- van der Marel, G A -- van Boom, J H -- Rich, A -- RR00995/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):82-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4035359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/*analysis ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
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  • 39
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    Alignment of rat cardionatrin sequences with the preprocardionatrin sequence from complementary DNA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: Mammalian atria contain peptides that promote the excretion of salt and water from the kidney. When rat atrial tissue is extracted under conditions known to inhibit proteolysis, four natriuretic peptides, cardionatrins I to IV, are consistently isolated. These peptides derive from a common precursor, preprocardionatrin, of 152 amino acids, whose sequence was determined by DNA sequencing of a complementary DNA clone. Amino acid sequencing located the start points of cardionatrins I, III, and IV in the overall sequence. Cardionatrin IV most closely resembles procardionatrin because it begins immediately after the signal sequence at residue 25. Cardionatrin III begins at residue 73, and cardionatrin I, sequenced previously, begins at residue 123. Compositional analysis indicated that each of these cardionatrins extends up to tyrosine at position 150 but lacks the terminal two arginine residues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, T G -- Davies, P L -- Kennedy, B P -- de Bold, M L -- de Bold, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3157217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Base Sequence ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA/*genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; *Peptide Fragments ; Protein Precursors/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Rats
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  • 40
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    Human von Willebrand factor (vWF): isolation of complementary DNA (cDNA) clones and chromosomal localization (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Human factor VIII--von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a large, multimeric glycoprotein that plays a central role in the blood coagulation system, serving both as a carrier for factor VIIIC (antihemophilic factor) and as a major mediator of platelet-vessel wall interaction. Diminished or abnormal vWF activity results in von Willebrand's disease (vWD), a common and complex hereditary bleeding disorder. Overlapping vWF cDNA clones that span 8.2 kilobases of the vWF messenger RNA have been obtained. vWF accounts for approximately 0.3 percent of endothelial cell messenger RNA and was undetectable in several other tissues examined. A large single copy gene for vWF is located on the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p12----12pter). No gross gene rearrangement or deletion was detected in the DNA of two patients with severe vWD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ginsburg, D -- Handin, R I -- Bonthron, D T -- Donlon, T A -- Bruns, G A -- Latt, S A -- Orkin, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1401-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3874428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Blood Coagulation Factors/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; von Willebrand Factor/*genetics
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    Mutation to herbicide resistance maps within the psbA gene of Anacystis nidulans R2 (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: A psbA gene encoding the target of photosystem II herbicide inhibition, the 32,000-dalton thylakoid membrane protein, has been cloned from a mutant of Anacystis nidulans R2, which is resistant to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea-(diuron). A cloned DNA fragment from within the coding region of this gene transforms wild-type cells to herbicide resistance, proving that mutation within psbA is responsible for that phenotype. The mutation consists of a single nucleotide change that replaces serine at position 264 of the wild-type protein with alanine in that of the diuron-resistant mutant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Golden, S S -- Haselkorn, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1104-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3929379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cyanobacteria/*genetics ; Diuron ; Drug Resistance ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; *Herbicides ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Weight ; *Mutation ; Phenotype
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    cis- and trans-acting transcriptional regulation of visna virus (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-02
    Description: Visna virus is a pathogenic lentivirus of sheep that is related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), the probable etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The transcriptional activity of visna virus promoter and enhancer sequences was studied by means of an assay based on the transient expression of the bacterial gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT). The results suggest that the high level of expression of visna virus is due in part to cis-acting enhancer sequences that give the viral promoter a high level of transcriptional activity. In addition, the rate of transcription from the visna virus promoter situated in a plasmid expressing the CAT gene was much greater in infected than uninfected cells. This phenomenon of trans-acting transcriptional activation may involve either virally or cellularly encoded factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hess, J L -- Clements, J E -- Narayan, O -- NS-15721/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-16145/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):482-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990051" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Choroid Plexus ; Chromosome Mapping ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Genes, Regulator ; Goats ; Humans ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Sheep ; Synovial Membrane ; T-Lymphocytes ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Visna-maedi virus/*genetics
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  • 43
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    The human gene encoding GM-CSF is at 5q21-q32, the chromosome region deleted in the 5q- anomaly (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a 22,000-dalton glycoprotein that stimulates the growth of myeloid progenitor cells and acts directly on mature neutrophils. A full-length complementary DNA clone encoding human GM-CSF was used as a probe to screen a human genomic library and isolate the gene encoding human GM-CSF. The human GM-CSF gene is approximately 2.5 kilobase pairs in length with at least three intervening sequences. The GM-CSF gene was localized by somatic cell hybrid analysis and in situ hybridization to human chromosome region 5q21-5q32, which is involved in interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. An established, human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL60, contains a rearranged, partially deleted GM-CSF allele and a candidate 5q- marker chromosome, indicating that the truncated GM-CSF allele may reside at the rejoining point for the interstitial deletion on the HL60 marker chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huebner, K -- Isobe, M -- Croce, C M -- Golde, D W -- Kaufman, S E -- Gasson, J C -- CA-10805/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1282-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Aberrations/*genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 4-5 ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Genes ; Granulocytes ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics ; Macrophages ; Syndrome
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    Expression of the Rous sarcoma virus pol gene by ribosomal frameshifting (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: The pol gene of Rous sarcoma virus is positioned downstream of the gag gene in a different, briefly overlapping reading frame; nevertheless, the primary translation product of pol is a gag-pol fusion protein. Two mechanisms, ribosomal frameshifting and RNA splicing, have been considered to explain this phenomenon. The frameshifting model is supported by synthesis of both gag protein and gag-pol fusion protein in a cell-free mammalian translation system programmed by a single RNA species that was synthesized from cloned viral DNA with a bacteriophage RNA polymerase. Under these conditions, the ratio of the gag protein to the fusion protein (about 20 to 1) is similar to that previously observed in infected cells, the frameshifting is specific for the gag-pol junction, and it is unaffected by large deletions in gag. In addition, synthesis of the fusion protein is ten times less efficient in an Escherichia coli cell-free translation system and cannot be explained by transcriptional errors or in vitro modification of the RNA. Ribosomal frameshifting may affect production of other proteins in higher eukaryotes, including proteins encoded by several retroviruses and transposable elements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacks, T -- Varmus, H E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1237-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell-Free System ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Products, gag ; Molecular Weight ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*genetics ; Rabbits ; Retroviridae Proteins/genetics ; Ribosomes/*metabolism
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    Sequence homology between certain viral proteins and proteins related to encephalomyelitis and neuritis (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: Post-infectious or post-vaccinal demyelinating encephalomyelitis and neuritis may be due to immunological cross-reactions evoked by specific viral antigenic determinants (epitopes) that are homologous to regions in the target myelins of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Such homologies have been found by computer searches in which decapeptides in two human myelin proteins were compared with proteins of viruses known to infect humans. These viruses include measles, Epstein-Barr, influenza A and B, and others that cause upper respiratory infections. Several regions identified in myelin basic protein and P2 protein can be related to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis or neuritis in laboratory animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jahnke, U -- Fischer, E H -- Alvord, E C Jr -- AM07902/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):282-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chickens ; Encephalomyelitis/etiology/immunology/*metabolism ; Epitopes ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Measles/metabolism ; Myelin Basic Protein/genetics ; Myelin P2 Protein ; Neuritis/etiology/immunology/*metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Viral Proteins/*genetics ; Viral Vaccines/adverse effects/immunology
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    Partial primary structure of the alpha and beta chains of human tumor T-cell receptors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-18
    Description: The T-cell receptor for antigen (Ti) was purified from the human tumor cell line HPB-ALL. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of an acid-cleaved peptide of the Ti alpha chain showed that it is highly homologous to a putative murine alpha chain recently described. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the Ti beta chain revealed that it shares 50 percent homology with the Ti beta chain amino acid sequences from two other human T-cell tumors. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone encoding the Ti beta chain from the HPB-MLT cell line showed that this chain represents a second human constant region gene segment and suggested that it arises from direct joining of the variable and joining gene segments without any intervening D region sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, N -- Leiden, J -- Dialynas, D -- Fraser, J -- Clabby, M -- Kishimoto, T -- Strominger, J L -- Andrews, D -- Lane, W -- Woody, J -- 5 R01 AI15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10736/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y001CP00502/CP/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):311-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3871253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/immunology ; Lymphoma/immunology ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 47
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    Systematic variation in DNA length yields highly ordered repressor-operator cocrystals (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: Crystals have been grown that contain the operator-binding domain of the lambda repressor and the lambda operator site OL1. Crystallization conditions were tested with a set of DNA fragments, ranging in length from 17 to 23 base pairs. The best crystals were grown with a 20-base pair DNA fragment. These crystals have space-group symmetry P2I, with unit cell dimensions a = 37.1 A, b = 68.8 A, c = 56.8 A, and a beta angle of 91.5 degrees. They diffracted to at least 2.5 A resolution. High resolution data from these crystals should allow the direct determination of how a repressor recognizes its operator site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jordan, S R -- Whitcombe, T V -- Berg, J M -- Pabo, C O -- GM 31471/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1383-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3906896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Crystallization ; DNA, Bacterial/*genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Conformation ; Repressor Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; X-Ray Diffraction
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    Human dioxin-inducible cytochrome P1-450: complementary DNA and amino acid sequence (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Induction of cytochrome P1-450 has been linked to susceptibility to certain chemically induced cancers in mouse and man. Treatment of the human cell line MCF-7 with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) results in high levels of aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (P1-450) activity. This cell line was used to isolate a human P1-450 full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) clone. The cDNA is 2566 nucleotides in length, encodes a polyadenylated messenger RNA (2.8 kilobases in length), and has a continuous reading frame producing a protein with 512 residues (molecular weight, 58,151). The human P1-450 cDNA and protein are 63 percent and 80 percent similar to mouse P1-450 cDNA and protein, respectively. Whereas the mouse TCDD-inducible P-450 gene subfamily has two members (P1-450 and P3-450), the human TCDD-inducible gene subfamily appears to have only one gene (P1-450).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaiswal, A K -- Gonzalez, F J -- Nebert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinogens/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; Dioxins/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Induction ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rabbits ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*pharmacology
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    Molecular cloning of a complementary DNA encoding human macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Complementary DNA (cDNA) clones encoding human macrophage-specific specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) were isolated. One cDNA clone codes for a mature polypeptide of 224 amino acids and a putative leader of 32 amino acids. This cDNA, which was cloned in the Okayama-Berg expression vector, specifies the synthesis of biologically active CSF-1 in COS cells, as determined by a specific radioreceptor assay, macrophage bone marrow colony formation, and antibody neutralization. Most of the cDNA isolates contain part of an intron sequence that changes the reading frame, resulting in an abrupt termination of translation; these cDNA's were inactive in COS cells. The CSF-1 appears to be encoded by a single-copy gene, but its expression results in the synthesis of several messenger RNA species, ranging in size from about 1.5 to 4.5 kilobases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kawasaki, E S -- Ladner, M B -- Wang, A M -- Van Arsdell, J -- Warren, M K -- Coyne, M Y -- Schweickart, V L -- Lee, M T -- Wilson, K J -- Boosman, A -- C32551/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):291-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*genetics ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; Humans ; Macrophages/*metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Amplification of a novel v-erbB-related gene in a human mammary carcinoma (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-06
    Description: The cellular gene encoding the receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) has considerable homology to the oncogene of avian erythroblastosis virus. In a human mammary carcinoma, a DNA sequence was identified that is related to v-erbB but amplified in a manner that appeared to distinguish it from the gene for the EGF receptor. Molecular cloning of this DNA segment and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of two putative exons in a DNA segment whose predicted amino acid sequence was closely related to, but different from, the corresponding sequence of the erbB/EGF receptor. Moreover, this DNA segment identified a 5-kilobase transcript distinct from the transcripts of the EGF receptor gene. Thus, a new member of the tyrosine kinase proto-oncogene family has been identified on the basis of its amplification in a human mammary carcinoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, C R -- Kraus, M H -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 6;229(4717):974-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Female ; *Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Protein Kinases/*genetics ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
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    Insertion mutagenesis of embryonal carcinoma cells by retroviruses (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: Mutagenesis was studied in cultured F9 embryonal carcinoma cells infected with a variant of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Proviral insertion induced the inactivation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus, and the virus was used to isolate the mutated genes rapidly. Mutagenesis by these methods may be useful for the genetic dissection of the various mammalian cell phenotypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, W -- Patel, M D -- Lobel, L I -- Goff, S P -- Nguyen-Huu, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):554-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA/genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/physiology ; *Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats ; Retroviridae/*physiology ; Teratoma/*genetics/microbiology
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    Human apolipoprotein B: structure of carboxyl-terminal domains, sites of gene expression, and chromosomal localization (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: Apolipoprotein (apo-) B is the ligand responsible for the receptor-mediated catabolism of low density lipoproteins, the principal cholesterol-transporting lipoproteins in plasma. The primary structure of the carboxyl-terminal 30 percent (1455 amino acids) of human apo-B (apo-B100) has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of complementary DNA. Portions of the protein structure that may relate to its receptor binding function and lipid binding properties have been identified. The apo-B100 messenger RNA is about 19 kilobases in length. The apo-B100 gene is expressed primarily in liver and, to a lesser extent, in small intestine, but in no other tissues. The gene for apo-B100 is located in the p24 region (near the tip of the short arm) of chromosome 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knott, T J -- Rall, S C Jr -- Innerarity, T L -- Jacobson, S F -- Urdea, M S -- Levy-Wilson, B -- Powell, L M -- Pease, R J -- Eddy, R -- Nakai, H -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HO 05196/HO/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):37-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994225" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Apolipoprotein B-100 ; Apolipoproteins B/analysis/*genetics ; Apolipoproteins E/analysis ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3 ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Receptors, LDL/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Sequence of the alpha subunit of photoreceptor G protein: homologies between transducin, ras, and elongation factors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: A bovine retinal complementary DNA clone encoding the alpha subunit of transducin (T alpha) was isolated with the use of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides as probes, and the complete nucleotide sequence of the insert was determined. THe predicted protein sequence of 354 amino acids includes the known sequences of four tryptic peptides and sequences adjacent to the residues that undergo adenosine diphosphate ribosylation by cholera toxin and pertussis toxin. On the basis of homologies to other proteins, such as the elongation factors of protein synthesis and the ras oncogene proteins, regions are identified that are predicted to be acylated and involved in guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis. Amino acid sequence similarity between T alpha and ras is confined to these regions of the molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lochrie, M A -- Hurley, J B -- Simon, M I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):96-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cholera Toxin/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; *Oncogenes ; Peptide Elongation Factors/*genetics ; Pertussis Toxin ; Transducin ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella
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    Nucleotide sequence and expression of an AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV-2) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: The nucleotide sequence of molecular clones of DNA from a retrovirus, ARV-2, associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was determined. Proviral DNA of ARV-2 (9737 base pairs) has long terminal repeat structures (636 base pairs) and long open reading frames encoding gag (506 codons), pol (1003 codons), and env (863 codons) genes. Two additional open reading frames were identified. Significant amino acid homology with several other retroviruses was noted in the predicted product of gag and pol, but ARV-2 was as closely related to murine and avian retroviruses as it was to human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV-I and HTLV-II). By means of an SV-40 vector in transfected simian cells, the cloned gag and env genes of ARV-2 were shown to express viral proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanchez-Pescador, R -- Power, M D -- Barr, P J -- Steimer, K S -- Stempien, M M -- Brown-Shimer, S L -- Gee, W W -- Renard, A -- Randolph, A -- Levy, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):484-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2578227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Gene Products, gag ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/biosynthesis/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Viral Envelope Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics
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    AIDS virus genomes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):503.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981436" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Retroviridae/*genetics
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    More progress on the HTLV family (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):156-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*classification/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; RNA, Viral ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
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    Interleukin-1 genes are cloned (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1076-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3873111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Genes ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/*genetics
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    A model for the tertiary structure of p21, the product of the ras oncogene (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: A model was developed for the structure of p21, the protein with a molecular weight of 21,000 that is produced by the ras genes. This model predicts that p21 consists of a central core of beta-sheet structure, connected by loops and alpha helices. Four of these loops comprise the guanine nucleotide binding site. The phosphoryl binding region is made up of amino acid sequences from 10 to 16 and from 57 to 63 of p21. The latter sequence may contain a site for magnesium binding. Amino acids defining guanine specificity are Asn-116 and Asp-119, and sequences around amino acid 145 may contribute to guanine binding. The model makes it possible to visualize how oncogenic mutations of p21 affect interaction with guanine nucleotides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCormick, F -- Clark, B F -- la Cour, T F -- Kjeldgaard, M -- Norskov-Lauritsen, L -- Nyborg, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):78-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3898366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/analysis ; Animals ; *Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; *Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing) ; Cattle ; *Dihydroorotase ; Escherichia coli ; Guanine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/analysis ; Models, Chemical ; *Multienzyme Complexes ; Mutation ; *Oncogenes ; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu ; Peptide Elongation Factors/analysis ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*analysis ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Transducin
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    The t(14;18) chromosome translocations involved in B-cell neoplasms result from mistakes in VDJ joining (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: In this study, the joining sequences between chromosomes 14 and 18 on the 14q+ chromosomes of a patient with pre-B-cell leukemia and four patients with follicular lymphoma carrying a t(14;18) chromosome translocation were analyzed. In each case, the involved segment of chromosome 18 has recombined with the immunoglobulin heavy-chain joining segment (JH) on chromosome 14. The sites of the recombination on chromosome 14 are located close to the 5' end of the involved JH segment, where the diversity (D) regions are rearranged with the JH segments in the production of active heavy-chain genes. As extraneous nucleotides (N regions) were observed at joining sites and specific signal-like sequences were detected on chromosome 18 in close proximity to the breakpoints, it is concluded that the t(14;18) chromosome translocation is the result of a mistake during the process of VDJ joining at the pre-B-cell stage of differentiation. The putative recombinase joins separated DNA segments on two different chromosomes instead of joining separated segments on the same chromosome, causing a t(14;18) chromosome translocation in the involved B cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsujimoto, Y -- Gorham, J -- Cossman, J -- Jaffe, E -- Croce, C M -- CA 16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3929382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *B-Lymphocytes ; Base Sequence ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15/*ultrastructure ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18/*ultrastructure ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin J-Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Lymphoma, Follicular/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes ; *Translocation, Genetic
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    Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA for human tumor necrosis factor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-12
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a soluble protein that causes damage to tumor cells but has no effect on normal cells. Human TNF was purified to apparent homogeneity as a 17.3-kilodalton protein from HL-60 leukemia cells and showed cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against various human tumor cell lines. The amino acid sequence was determined for the amino terminal end of the purified protein, and oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes were synthesized on the basis of this sequence. Complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human TNF was cloned from induced HL-60 messenger RNA and was confirmed by hybrid-selection assay, direct expression in COS-7 cells, and nucleotide sequence analysis. The human TNF cDNA is 1585 base pairs in length and encodes a protein of 233 amino acids. The mature protein begins at residue 77, leaving a long leader sequence of 76 amino acids. Expression of high levels of human TNF in Escherichia coli was accomplished under control of the bacteriophage lambda PL promoter and gene N ribosome binding site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, A M -- Creasey, A A -- Ladner, M B -- Lin, L S -- Strickler, J -- Van Arsdell, J N -- Yamamoto, R -- Mark, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):149-54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*genetics/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Xenopus
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    The 3' splice site of pre-messenger RNA is recognized by a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: A component present in splicing extracts selectively binds the 3' splice site of a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript of a human beta-globin gene. Since this component can be immunoprecipitated by either autoantibodies of the Sm class or antibodies specifically directed against trimethylguanosine, it is a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP). Its interaction with the 3' splice site occurs rapidly even at 0 degrees C, does not require adenosine triphosphate, and is altered by certain mutations in the 3' splice site region. Binding is surprisingly insensitive to treatment of the extract with micrococcal nuclease. The U5 particle is the only abundant Sm snRNP with a capped 5' end that is equally resistant to micrococcal nuclease. This suggests that, in addition to the U1 and U2 snRNP's, U5 snRNP's participate in pre-mRNA splicing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chabot, B -- Black, D L -- LeMaster, D M -- Steitz, J A -- GM-26154/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1344-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2933810" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Globins/genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/*genetics/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; RNA Precursors ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Syrian hamster female protein: analysis of female protein primary structure and gene expression (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: The concentration in plasma of the female protein (FP) of the golden Syrian hamster is regulated by sex steroids and by mediators of the acute-phase response to tissue injury or inflammation. A complementary DNA (cDNA) clone corresponding to FP was isolated from a hamster liver cDNA library and used to determine the nucleotide sequence and derived amino acid sequence of native FP. The primary sequence of FP is 69 percent identical to human serum amyloid P component and 50 percent identical to human C-reactive protein. Evidence showed that sex-limited and acute-phase control of the FP gene is pretranslational. The FP protein is thus a useful model for investigating dual regulation of expression of a single gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dowton, S B -- Woods, D E -- Mantzouranis, E C -- Colten, H R -- AI20959/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1206-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acute-Phase Proteins ; Alpha-Globulins/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blood Proteins/genetics ; *C-Reactive Protein ; Cricetinae/*physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Liver/physiology ; Male ; Mesocricetus/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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    Tyrosine kinase receptor with extensive homology to EGF receptor shares chromosomal location with neu oncogene (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: A novel potential cell surface receptor of the tyrosine kinase gene family has been identified and characterized by molecular cloning. Its primary sequence is very similar to that of the human epidermal growth factor receptor and the v-erbB oncogene product; the chromosomal location of the gene for this protein is coincident with the neu oncogene, which suggests that the two genes may be identical.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coussens, L -- Yang-Feng, T L -- Liao, Y C -- Chen, E -- Gray, A -- McGrath, J -- Seeburg, P H -- Libermann, T A -- Schlessinger, J -- Francke, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1132-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Fetus/metabolism ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
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    Molecular cloning of complementary DNA for the alpha subunit of the G protein that stimulates adenylate cyclase (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: A complementary DNA clone encoding the alpha subunit of the adenylate cyclase stimulatory G protein (Gs) was isolated and identified. A bovine brain complementary DNA library was screened with an oligonucleotide probe derived from amino acid sequence common to known G proteins. The only clone that was obtained with this probe has a complementary DNA insert of approximately 1670 base pairs. An antibody to a peptide synthesized according to deduced amino acid sequence reacts specifically with the alpha subunit of Gs. In addition, RNA that hybridizes with probes made from the clone is detected in wild-type S49 cells; however, cyc- S49 cells, which are deficient in Gs alpha activity, are devoid of this messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harris, B A -- Robishaw, J D -- Mumby, S M -- Gilman, A G -- GM09731/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM34497/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1274-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cerebral Cortex ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*analysis ; Enzyme Activation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Retina
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    Hepatitis B virus DNA sequences in lymphoid cells from patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: A lymphotropic virus HTLV-III/LAV was recently identified as the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In a study of concomitant hepatitis B infections in patients with AIDS or the AIDS-related complex, DNA sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were found in fresh and cultured lymphocytes from patients with AIDS even in the absence of conventional HBV serological markers. Furthermore, the restriction DNA pattern was consistent with the integration of the viral DNA. These results should prompt additional studies to reevaluate a possible role of HBV as a cofactor in AIDS in addition to the HTLV-III/LAV causal agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Laure, F -- Zagury, D -- Saimot, A G -- Gallo, R C -- Hahn, B H -- Brechot, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):561-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2410981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Hepatitis B virus/*genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/*analysis ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/analysis ; Serologic Tests
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    Mutation in LDL receptor: Alu-Alu recombination deletes exons encoding transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: The molecular size of the plasma LDL (low density lipoprotein) receptor synthesized by cultured fibroblasts from a patient with the internalization-defective form of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH 274) was smaller by 10,000 daltons than the size of the normal LDL receptor. The segment of the gene encoding the truncated portion of the FH 274 receptor was cloned into bacteriophage lambda. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the normal and FH 274 genes revealed a 5-kilobase deletion, which eliminated the exons encoding the membrane-spanning region and the carboxyl terminal cytoplasmic domain of the receptor. The deletion appeared to be caused by a novel intrastrand recombination between two repetitive sequences of the Alu family that were oriented in opposite directions. The truncated receptors lack membrane-spanning regions and cytoplasmic domains; they are largely secreted into the culture medium, but a small fraction remains adherent to the cell surface. The surface-adherent receptors bind LDL, but they are unable to cluster in coated pits, thus explaining the internalization-defective phenotype.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4449727/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4449727/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lehrman, M A -- Schneider, W J -- Sudhof, T C -- Brown, M S -- Goldstein, J L -- Russell, D W -- HL 01287/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 31346/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL020948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):140-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3155573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophage lambda ; Base Sequence ; Cell Membrane ; Cloning, Molecular ; Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane/metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; Fibroblasts ; Genes ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/*genetics ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Mutation ; Receptors, LDL/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Structure of the human interleukin-2 receptor gene (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-08
    Description: The gene encoding the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor consists of 8 exons spanning more than 25 kilobases on chromosome 10. Exons 2 and 4 were derived from a gene duplication event and unexpectedly also are homologous to the recognition domain of human complement factor B. Alternative messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing may delete exon 4 sequences, resulting in a mRNA that does not encode a functional IL-2 receptor. Leukemic T cells infected with HTLV-I and normal activated T cells express IL-2 receptors with identical deduced protein sequences. Receptor gene transcription is initiated at two principal sites in normal activated T cells. Adult T cell leukemia cells infected with HTLV-I show activity at both of these sites, but also at a third transcription initiation site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leonard, W J -- Depper, J M -- Kanehisa, M -- Kronke, M -- Peffer, N J -- Svetlik, P B -- Sullivan, M -- Greene, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 8;230(4726):633-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Complement Factor B/genetics ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; DNA, Recombinant/isolation & purification ; Deltaretrovirus ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Humans ; Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae Infections/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Molecular cloning of a gene sequence regulated by nerve growth factor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-26
    Description: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the development and differentiation of sympathetic or sensory neurons. A complementary DNA was cloned that corresponds to a gene sequence induced more than 50-fold in a cultured target cell line of pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) 5 hours after the addition of NGF. The induced messenger RNA encodes a 90,000-dalton polypeptide that may represent one of the primary events in NGF-induced differentiation of neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levi, A -- Eldridge, J D -- Paterson, B M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 26;229(4711):393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chickens ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Nerve Growth Factors/*physiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pheochromocytoma/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats
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    Making mRNA from a pair of precursors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3849885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chimera ; Eukaryotic Cells/analysis ; Models, Genetic ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/*metabolism ; Prokaryotic Cells/analysis ; RNA Precursors ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*biosynthesis/*metabolism
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    Reverse transcriptase in introns (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1073.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis ; Deoxyribonuclease I/genetics ; Neurospora crassa ; RNA Splicing ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*genetics ; Retroviridae/enzymology/genetics
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    Nucleotide sequence of yellow fever virus: implications for flavivirus gene expression and evolution (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The sequence of the entire RNA genome of the type flavivirus, yellow fever virus, has been obtained. Inspection of this sequence reveals a single long open reading frame of 10,233 nucleotides, which could encode a polypeptide of 3411 amino acids. The structural proteins are found within the amino-terminal 780 residues of this polyprotein; the remainder of the open reading frame consists of nonstructural viral polypeptides. This genome organization implies that mature viral proteins are produced by posttranslational cleavage of a polyprotein precursor and has implications for flavivirus RNA replication and for the evolutionary relation of this virus family to other RNA viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rice, C M -- Lenches, E M -- Eddy, S R -- Shin, S J -- Sheets, R L -- Strauss, J H -- AI 10793/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 20612/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):726-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; RNA, Viral/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/*genetics ; *Virus Replication ; Yellow fever virus/*genetics
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    Location of the c-yes gene on the human chromosome and its expression in various tissues (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-01
    Description: Analysis of DNA from human embryo fibroblasts showed that ten Eco RI fragments were hybridizable with the Yamaguchi sarcoma virus oncogene (v-yes). Four of the Eco RI fragments were assigned to chromosome 18 and one to chromosome 6. There was evidence for multiple copies of yes-related genes in the human genome; however, only a single RNA species, 4.8 kilobases in length, was related to yes in various cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Semba, K -- Yamanashi, Y -- Nishizawa, M -- Sukegawa, J -- Yoshida, M -- Sasaki, M -- Yamamoto, T -- Toyoshima, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1038-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2983418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Transduction, Genetic
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    Deletion in chromosome 11p associated with a hepatitis B integration site in hepatocellular carcinoma (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a virus with known carcinogenic potential, integrates into cellular DNA during long-term persistent infection in man. Hepatocellular carcinomas isolated from viral carriers often contain clonally propagated viral DNA integrations. As small chromosomal deletions are associated with several types of carcinomas, the occurrence of chromosomal deletions in association with HBV integration in hepatocellular carcinoma was studied. HBV integration was accompanied by a deletion of at least 13.5 kilobases of cellular sequences in a human hepatocellular carcinoma. The viral DNA integration and deletion of cellular sequences occurred on the short arm of chromosome 11 at location 11p13-11p14. The cellular sequences that were deleted at the site of HBV integration were lost from the tumor cells, leaving only a single copy of the remaining cellular allele.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogler, C E -- Sherman, M -- Su, C Y -- Shafritz, D A -- Summers, J -- Shows, T B -- Henderson, A -- Kew, M -- AM17702/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA32605/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA37232-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):319-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*genetics/microbiology ; *Chromosome Deletion ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Hepatitis B virus/*genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/cytology ; Liver Neoplasms/*genetics/microbiology ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 74
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    Detection of DNA sequences in nuclei in suspension by in situ hybridization and dual beam flow cytometry (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: This report describes the fluorescence hybridization of DNA sequence probes to interphase nuclei in suspension and the quantification of bound probe by dual beam flow cytometry. Nuclear proteins were first cross-linked with dimethylsuberimidate to prevent disintegration of the nuclei during denaturation and hybridization. To demonstrate that in situ hybridization can be performed in suspension, stabilized mouse thymocyte nuclei were hybridized with a probe for mouse satellite DNA sequences. The DNA probes were labeled with 2-acetylaminofluorene. After hybridization, an indirect immunofluorescent labeling procedure was used to visualize the target sequences. With dual beam flow cytometry, both the amount of hybridized probe and the DNA content of individual nuclei were determined. Thus, the specificity of DNA hybridization can be combined with the speed and quantitative analysis provided by flow cytometry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trask, B -- van den Engh, G -- Landegent, J -- in de Wal, N J -- van der Ploeg, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1401-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2-Acetylaminofluorene/pharmacology ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bisbenzimidazole ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; Dimethyl Suberimidate/pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry/methods ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mice ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Thymus Gland/cytology
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  • 75
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    A common origin of rickettsiae and certain plant pathogens (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: On the basis of ribosomal RNA sequence comparisons, the rickettsia Rochalimaea quintana has been found to be a member of subgroup 2 of the alpha subdivision of the so-called purple bacteria, which is one of about ten major eubacterial divisions. Within subgroup alpha-2, R. quintana is specifically related to the agrobacteria and rhizobacteria, organisms that also have close associations with eukaryotic cells. This genealogical grouping of the rickettsiae with certain plant pathogens and intracellular symbionts suggests a possible evolution of the rickettsiae from plant-associated bacteria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisburg, W G -- Woese, C R -- Dobson, M E -- Weiss, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):556-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3931222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacillus subtilis/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Plant Diseases ; RNA, Ribosomal/*analysis ; Rhizobiaceae/genetics ; Rhizobium/genetics ; Rickettsia/*genetics
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  • 76
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    The x gene is essential for HTLV replication (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-05
    Description: The human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV) are associated with T-cell malignancies in man and will transform normal human T cells in vitro. The mechanism of malignant transformation by HTLV is unknown but appears to be distinct from that of other classes of retroviruses, which induce malignant transformation through viral or cellular oncogenes. Recently a new gene, termed x, was identified in HTLV. This gene has been hypothesized to be the transforming gene of HTLV because of its conservation within the HTLV class of retroviruses. By in vitro mutagenesis of the HTLV-II x gene, it is now demonstrated that the presence of a functional x gene product is necessary for efficient HTLV transcription. Therefore, these studies provide direct evidence for an important function of the x gene in HTLV replication. The functional analogies between the x gene and transcriptional regulatory genes of some DNA viruses suggest that these viruses share similar mechanisms for cellular transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, I S -- Slamon, D J -- Rosenblatt, J D -- Shah, N P -- Quan, S G -- Wachsman, W -- CA 09297/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 38597/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):54-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/growth & development ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Mutation ; RNA, Viral/*biosynthesis ; Transcription, Genetic ; *Virus Replication
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  • 77
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    B lineage--specific interactions of an immunoglobulin enhancer with cellular factors in vivo (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: The mouse heavy chain immunoglobulin gene contains a tissue-specific enhancer. The enhancer and flanking sequences were studied in vivo by carrying out dimethyl sulfate protection experiments on living cells, in combination with genomic sequencing. Relative to reactions on naked DNA, there are changes (protections and enhancements) in the reactivity of guanine residues to dimethyl sulfate within the enhancer sequence in myeloma, B, and early B cells, whereas virtually no alterations appear in cells of non-B lineage. Most of the affected residues are in four clusters, in sequences homologous to the octamer 5'CAGGTGGC 3' (C, cytosine; A, adenine; G. guanine; T, thymine). The alterations in the pattern of G reactivity are consistent with the tissue-specific binding of molecules to the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ephrussi, A -- Church, G M -- Tonegawa, S -- Gilbert, W -- 2T 32 CA 09255/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 14041/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-09541-22/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):134-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3917574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Genes, Regulator ; Guanine/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Methylation ; Mice ; Multiple Myeloma/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Sulfuric Acid Esters/metabolism
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  • 78
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    Cyanobacterial light-harvesting complex subunits encoded in two red light-induced transcripts (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: The major light-harvesting complex in cyanobacteria and red algae, the phycobilisome, is composed of chromophoric and nonchromophoric polypeptides. Two linked genes encoding major chromophoric components, the polypeptide subunits of phycocyanin, were isolated from the cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon. Transcripts from this phycocyanin subunit gene cluster were present as major species in the cyanobacterium grown in red light, but not in cultures maintained in green light. The genes for the subunits of the red light-induced phycocyanin were transcribed together (beta-phycocyanin followed by alpha-phycocyanin) on two messenger RNA species; one contained 1600 bases while the other had 3800 bases. The latter, which encompassed the smaller transcript, contained additional sequences extending from the 3' end of the coding region of the alpha-phycocyanin gene. It may encode other light-induced components of the phycobilisome. Since phycocyanin, which effectively absorbs red light, becomes a dominant constituent of the phycobilisome in red light, these different levels may reflect an important adaptive mechanism of these organisms to their environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conley, P B -- Lemaux, P G -- Grossman, A R -- GM 33436-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):550-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3931221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cyanobacteria/*genetics ; Light ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phycobilisomes ; Phycocyanin/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 79
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    Sequence homology and morphologic similarity of HTLV-III and visna virus, a pathogenic lentivirus (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: A study was conducted of the genetic relation between human T-cell lymphotropic retroviruses and visna virus. The human T-cell lymphotropic viruses include those associated with T-cell malignancies (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) as well as the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HTLV-III). Visna virus, a slowly replicating and pathogenic but nononcogenic retrovirus of sheep, is a member of the subfamily Lentivirinae. Results obtained by molecular hybridization and heteroduplex analysis indicated that a greater extent of nucleotide sequence homology exists between HTLV-III and visna virus than between HTLV-III and any of the other viruses. The homology observed under conditions of low stringency spanned the entire genome, but was strongest in the gag/pol region. The morphogenesis and fine structure of HTLV-III and visna virus also demonstrated striking similarities. The data provide strong evidence for a close taxonomic and thus evolutionary relation between HTLV-III and the Lentivirinae subfamily.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonda, M A -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- Clements, J E -- Narayan, O -- Gilden, R V -- N01-CO-23910/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):173-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/ultrastructure ; Genes, Viral ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral ; Visna-maedi virus/*genetics/ultrastructure
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  • 80
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    A general method for saturation mutagenesis of cloned DNA fragments (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: A new procedure for generating and isolating random single-base substitutions in cloned DNA fragments is presented. The mutations are generated by treatment of single-stranded DNA with various chemicals, followed by the synthesis of the complementary strand with reverse transcriptase. Misincorporation frequently occurs when the enzyme encounters a damaged base in the mutagenized template DNA. The resulting duplex DNA fragments containing random single-base substitutions are cloned, amplified as a population, and isolated from wild-type DNA by preparative denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The physical separation of mutant DNA fragments makes it possible to isolate and characterize large numbers of site-directed single-base substitutions in the absence of a phenotypic selection. This procedure should be generally applicable to the fine-structure genetic analysis of regulatory and protein-coding sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, R M -- Lerman, L S -- Maniatis, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):242-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *DNA, Recombinant ; DNA, Single-Stranded/genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; *Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Plasmids ; Templates, Genetic
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  • 81
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    Construction and recovery of viable retroviral genomes carrying a bacterial suppressor transfer RNA gene (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: The integration of retroviral genomes into cellular DNA can induce mutations by altering the expression of nearby cellular genes and can serve to identify the gene affected. The construction of a retrovirus that stably carries a suppressor transfer RNA gene from Escherichia coli has allowed facile recovery of the viral genome in vectors marked with amber mutations. This virus can be used for rapid isolation of cellular sequences at the site of proviral insertion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lobel, L I -- Patel, M -- King, W -- Nguyen-Huu, M C -- Goff, S P -- 2 P30 CA 23767/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA 37176/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):329-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2984770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Genes, Bacterial ; *Genes, Viral ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; *Suppression, Genetic
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  • 82
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    Coupling of Tetrahymena ribosomal RNA splicing to beta-galactosidase expression in Escherichia coli (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Splicing of the Tetrahymena ribosomal RNA precursor is mediated by the folded structure of the RNA molecule and therefore occurs in the absence of any protein in vitro. The Tetrahymena intervening sequence (IVS) has been inserted into the gene for the alpha-donor fragment of beta-galactosidase in a recombinant plasmid. Production of functional beta-galactosidase is dependent on RNA splicing in vivo in Escherichia coli. Thus RNA self-splicing can occur at a rate sufficient to support gene expression in a prokaryote, despite the likely presence of ribosomes on the nascent RNA. The beta-galactosidase messenger RNA splicing system provides a useful method for screening for splicing-defective mutations, several of which have been characterized.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Price, J V -- Cech, T R -- GM28039/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):719-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; Galactosidases/*genetics ; *Genetic Engineering ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmids ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Tetrahymena/*genetics ; beta-Galactosidase/biosynthesis/*genetics
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  • 83
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    Genetic engineering of novel genomes of large DNA viruses (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: Analyses of the function of specific genes and sequences of large DNA viruses such as herpesviruses and poxviruses present special problems because of the size of their genomes (120 to 250 kilobase pairs). Various methods for engineering site-specific insertions or deletions based on the use of selectable markers have been developed and applied for the elucidation of the function of specific DNA sequences, the identification of genes nonessential for virus growth in cell culture, and the expression of foreign genes. These methods should also make possible the construction of viral vectors capable of delivering genes specifying antigens for the prevention of infectious diseases in humans and animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roizman, B -- Jenkins, F J -- CA08494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA09241/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA19264/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1208-14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; DNA, Viral ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Poxviridae/genetics ; Simplexvirus/analysis/enzymology/*genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; Virology/methods ; Virus Replication
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  • 84
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    Antigenic and genetic properties of viruses linked to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-03-01
    Description: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) comprises a variety of clinically similar diseases of viral etiology that are endemic to and sporadically epidemic throughout the Eurasian continent and Japan. Although HFRS has not been reported in North America, viruses that are antigenically similar to HFRS agents were recently isolated from rodents in the United States. Examination and comparison of eight representative isolates from endemic disease areas and from regions with no known associated HFRS indicate that these viruses represent a new and unique group that constitutes a separate genus in the Bunyaviridae family of animal viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmaljohn, C S -- Hasty, S E -- Dalrymple, J M -- LeDuc, J W -- Lee, H W -- von Bonsdorff, C H -- Brummer-Korvenkontio, M -- Vaheri, A -- Tsai, T F -- Regnery, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1041-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2858126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Arvicolinae ; Base Sequence ; Bunyaviridae/genetics ; Hantavirus/genetics/*immunology ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/genetics/immunology/*microbiology ; Humans ; Korea ; Mice ; Muridae ; Neutralization Tests ; RNA Viruses/*immunology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Expression of the pX gene of HTLV-I: general splicing mechanism in the HTLV family (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is an etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia. A viral gene pX encodes for p40X and it has been proposed that this protein trans-activates the viral long terminal repeat and possibly some cellular genes; this activation may be associated with T-cell transformation. The mechanism of pX gene expression and the primary structure of p40X are now reported. Two-step splicing generates the 2.1-kilobase pX mRNA; the initiator methionine for env becomes part of the pX protein. These splicing signals are conserved among all members of the HTLV family except for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seiki, M -- Hikikoshi, A -- Taniguchi, T -- Yoshida, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1532-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Rats
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  • 86
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    A hydrophobic transmembrane segment at the carboxyl terminus of thy-1 (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-02-08
    Description: The mode of integration of the glycoprotein thy-1 within the cell membrane has been controversial due to an apparent lack of a transmembrane hydrophobic segment. Rat and mouse complementary DNA and genomic clones encoding the thy-1 molecule have been isolated and sequenced. These studies have enabled us to determine the intron-exon organization of the thy-1 gene. Furthermore, they have revealed the existence of a sequence which would encode an extra segment (31 amino acids) at the carboxyl terminus of the thy-1 molecule. These extra amino acids include a 20-amino acid hydrophobic segment which may be responsible for integration of thy-1 within the plasma membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seki, T -- Chang, H C -- Moriuchi, T -- Denome, R -- Ploegh, H -- Silver, J -- CA38404/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):649-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2857501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Antigens, Thy-1 ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats
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