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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Journal reviewers (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 342 (1989), S. 729-729 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-We disagree with David R. Hershey (Nature 340,424; 1989), who suggests that reviewers have no incentive to do an excellent job because they receive no pay, no recognition and no blame for a poor review. We believe that the satisfaction of participating in this important and tradi-tional process ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/342729c0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    The effects of junction interdiffusion and misfit dislocations on the efficiency of highly mismatched heterojunction photovoltaic devices (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-03
    Description: A general modelling methodology has been developed to evaluate the effects of chemical interdiffusion and misfit dislocations on the performance of heterojunction solar cells made from highly mismatched materials. Results for the exemplar materials system CdS-CdTe are contrary to the widely held belief that such interdiffusion is beneficial to photovoltaic performance. In the model, recombination is presumed to take place at the cores of misfit dislocations, with the distribution of these dislocations in the interdiffused layer being calculated so as to minimise the total energy (an incidental result shows that the total number of dislocations is independent of the diffusion profile). The model takes calculated chemical profiles, optical absorption, and dislocation distributions from which the photovoltaic performance and recombination losses are evaluated. It was shown that for the realistic case in which the interdiffused region does not extend beyond the space charge region, the photovoltage losses dominate over any photocurrent gains. Methods to engineer mixed junctions that may increase solar conversion efficiency are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Understanding Water Column and Streambed Thermal Refugia for Endangered Mussels in the Delaware River (2013)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-26
    Description: Environmental Science & Technology DOI: 10.1021/es4018893
    Print ISSN: 0013-936X
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5851
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 4
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    Sustainability, Vol. 11, Pages 5042: Pumping the Brakes on Robot Cars: Current Urban Traveler Willingness to Consider Driverless Vehicles (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: A growing literature suggests that widespread travel conducted through driverless connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) accessed as a service, in contrast to those personally owned, could have significant impacts on the sustainability of urban transportation. However, it is unclear how the general public currently considers willingness to travel in driverless vehicles, and if they would be more comfortable doing so in one personally owned or one accessed as a service. To address this, we collected travel survey data by intercepting respondents on discretionary or social trips to four popular destinations in a medium-size U.S. city in the spring of 2017. After collecting data on how the respondent reached the survey site and the trip’s origin and destination, survey administrators then asked if respondents would have been willing to make their current trip in either a personally-owned driverless vehicle or through a driverless vehicle service. Over one-third expressed willingness to use both forms, while 31% were unwilling to use either. For those that considered only one, slightly more favored the personally-owned model. Consideration of an existing mobility service was consistently a positive and significant predictor of those that expressed willingness to travel in a driverless vehicle, while traveling downtown negatively and significantly influenced consideration of at least one form of driverless vehicle. These findings highlight the diverse public views about the prospect of integration of CAVs in transportation systems and raise questions about the assumption that travelers to central city locations would be early adopters of automated vehicle mobility services.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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  • 5
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    Lithospheric deformation in the Canadian Appalachians: evidence from shear wave splitting (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-03
    Description: Plate-scale deformation is expected to impart seismic anisotropic fabrics on the lithosphere. Determination of the fast shear wave orientation ( ) and the delay time between the fast and slow split shear waves ( t ) via SKS splitting can help place spatial and temporal constraints on lithospheric deformation. The Canadian Appalachians experienced multiple episodes of deformation during the Phanerozoic: accretionary collisions during the Palaeozoic prior to the collision between Laurentia and Gondwana, and rifting related to the Mesozoic opening of the North Atlantic. However, the extent to which extensional events have overprinted older orogenic trends is uncertain. We address this issue through measurements of seismic anisotropy beneath the Canadian Appalachians, computing shear wave splitting parameters ( , t ) for new and existing seismic stations in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Average t values of 1.2 s, relatively short length scale (≥100 km) splitting parameter variations, and a lack of correlation with absolute plate motion direction and mantle flow models, demonstrate that fossil lithospheric anisotropic fabrics dominate our results. Most fast directions parallel Appalachian orogenic trends observed at the surface, while t values point towards coherent deformation of the crust and mantle lithosphere. Mesozoic rifting had minimal impact on our study area, except locally within the Bay of Fundy and in southern Nova Scotia, where fast directions are subparallel to the opening direction of Mesozoic rifting; associated t values of 〉1 s require an anisotropic layer that spans both the crust and mantle, meaning the formation of the Bay of Fundy was not merely a thin-skinned tectonic event.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 6
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    Thermal infrared video details multiscale groundwater discharge to surface water through macropores and peat pipes (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-22
    Description: Thermal infrared video can capture disparate scales of focused groundwater discharge in real time, allowing unprecedented understanding of the spatial distribution of seepage pathways and how they mix with surface water.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
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    Actively heated high-resolution fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing to quantify streambed flow dynamics in zones of strong groundwater upwelling (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-09
    Description: Zones of strong groundwater upwelling to streams enhance thermal stability and moderate thermal extremes, which is particularly important to aquatic ecosystems in a warming climate. Passive thermal tracer methods used to quantify vertical upwelling rates rely on downward conduction of surface temperature signals. However, moderate to high groundwater flux rates (〉 -1.5 md −1 ) restrict downward propagation of diurnal temperature signals, and therefore the applicability of several passive thermal methods. Active streambed heating from within high-resolution fiber-optic temperature sensors (A-HRTS) has the potential to define multidimensional fluid flux patterns below the extinction depth of surface thermal signals, allowing better quantification and separation of local and regional groundwater discharge. To demonstrate this concept, nine A-HRTS were emplaced vertically into the streambed in a grid with ∼ 0.40 m lateral spacing at a stream with strong upward vertical flux in Mashpee, Massachusetts, USA. Long-term (8-9 hr) heating events were performed to confirm the dominance of vertical flow to the 0.6 m depth, well below the extinction of ambient diurnal signals. To quantify vertical flux, short-term heating events (28 min) were performed at each A-HRTS, and heat pulse decay over vertical profiles was numerically modeled in radial two dimension (2D) using SUTRA. Modeled flux values are similar to those obtained with seepage meters, Darcy methods, and analytical modeling of shallow diurnal signals. We also observed repeatable differential heating patterns along the length of vertically oriented sensors that may indicate sediment layering and hyporheic exchange superimposed on regional groundwater discharge. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0043-1397
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-7973
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    β-delayed fission of ^{186,188}Bi isotopes (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-17
    Description: Author(s): J. F. W. Lane, A. N. Andreyev, S. Antalic, D. Ackermann, J. Gerl, F. P. Heßberger, S. Hofmann, M. Huyse, H. Kettunen, A. Kleinböhl, B. Kindler, I. Kojouharov, M. Leino, B. Lommel, G. Münzenberg, K. Nishio, R. D. Page, Š. Šáro, H. Schaffner, M. J. Taylor, and P. Van Duppen By using the technique of correlating implanted evaporation residues and their subsequent fission decay, β -delayed fission ( β DF) of 186 Bi has been identified for the first time and β DF of 188 Bi has been unambiguously confirmed. The experiments were performed at the velocity filter SHIP (GSI, Darmsta... [Phys. Rev. C 87, 014318] Published Wed Jan 16, 2013
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Sost-distal enhancer deletion [Genetics] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-29
    Description: The Wnt antagonist Sost has emerged as a key regulator of bone homeostasis through the modulation of Lrp4/5/6 Wnt coreceptors. In humans, lack of Sclerostin causes sclerosteosis and van Buchem (VB) disease, two generalized skeletal hyperostosis disorders that result from hyperactive Wnt signaling. Unlike sclerosteosis, VB patients lack SOST coding...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    DAVID-WS: a stateful web service to facilitate gene/protein list analysis (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-24
    Description: : The database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID), which can be freely accessed at http://david.abcc.ncifcrf.gov/ , is a web-based online bioinformatics resource that aims to provide tools for the functional interpretation of large lists of genes/proteins. It has been used by researchers from more than 5000 institutes worldwide, with a daily submission rate of ~1200 gene lists from ~400 unique researchers, and has been cited by more than 6000 scientific publications. However, the current web interface does not support programmatic access to DAVID, and the uniform resource locator (URL)-based application programming interface (API) has a limit on URL size and is stateless in nature as it uses URL request and response messages to communicate with the server, without keeping any state-related details. DAVID-WS (web service) has been developed to automate user tasks by providing stateful web services to access DAVID programmatically without the need for human interactions. Availability: The web service and sample clients (written in Java, Perl, Python and Matlab) are made freely available under the DAVID License at http://david.abcc.ncifcrf.gov/content.jsp?file=WS.html . Contact: xiaoli.jiao@nih.gov ; rlempicki@nih.gov
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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