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  • Data  (448)
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  • Ocean Drilling Program; ODP  (372)
  • Monitoring system
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  • 1
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    Trace element ratios and derived carbonate chemistry, borate chemistry, and sea surface temperature from planktic and benthic foraminifera at ODP Site 208-1262 during the Latest Danian Event (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Latest Danian Event (LDE; ~62.15 Ma) is a major double-spiked eccentricity-driven transient warming event and carbon cycle perturbation (hyperthermal) in the early Paleocene, which has received significantly less attention compared to the larger events of the late Paleocene–early Eocene. A better understanding of the nature of the LDE may broaden our understanding of hyperthermals more generally and improve our knowledge of Earth system responses to extreme climate states. Here we present planktic and benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca and B/Ca records that shed new light on changes in South Atlantic temperature and carbonate chemistry during the LDE. Our planktic Mg/Ca record reveals a pulsed increase in sea surface temperature of at least ~1.5°C during the older carbon isotope excursion, and ~0.5°C during the younger isotope excursion. We observe drops in planktic and benthic B/Ca, synchronous with pronounced negative excursions in benthic δ13C, which suggest a shift in the carbonate system towards more acidic, dissolved inorganic carbon-rich conditions, in both the surface and deep ocean. Conditions remain more acidic following the LDE, which we suggest may be linked to an enhanced ocean alkalinity sink due to changes in the make-up of planktic calcifiers, hinting at a novel feedback between calcifier ecology and ocean-atmosphere CO2.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Temporary DAS Deployment associated with the DEEPEN project in the Hengill region, Iceland (DEEPEN) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-12
    Description: Abstract
    Description: From June to August 2021 the DEEPEN project deployed a dense seismic nodal network across the Hengill geothermal area in southwest Iceland to image and characterize faults and high-temperature zones at high resolution. The nodal network comprised 498 geophone nodes spread across the northern Nesjavellir and southern Hverahlíð geothermal fields and was complemented by an existing permanent and temporary backbone seismic network of a total of 44 short-period and broadband stations. In addition, two fiber optic telecommunication cables near the Nesjavellir geothermal power plant were interrogated with commercial DAS-interrogators. During the time of deployment, a vibroseis survey took place around the Nesjavellir power plant. The here published dataset contains a subset of the downsampled DAS-recordings from the eastern fiber optic array. To save storage space, only every fourth trace was made available. The original data were downsampled from 1000Hz to 250 Hz using the das-convert tool (https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.1.2021.005). Further traces or the original data can be obtained upon request. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code ZH.
    Keywords: DAS ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~110G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 3
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    Seismic neTwoRk/Array in norThwEstern arGentina (STRATEGy) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The STRATEGy network was a temporary seismic network in the NW Argentinean Andean Foreland. It run for about 15 months between June 2016 and August 2017 and consisted of 13 stations for the most parts. Each station contains a Lennartz LE3D/5s seismometer, an Omnirecs DataCube³ext digitizer (100 Hz sampling rate) with external GPS antenna and internal flash memory. Station 14A consisted of a Mark L-4C-3D short-period sensor. The power was supplied through an external batteries that were recharged during the day via a solar panel. The sensors were oriented to magnetic north. The header of the waveform files (NSLC-IDs) still remained in its prior form (network code ST) and haven’t been adapted to the FDSN given code. Station codes (double digits) were assigned from North to South. The last digit of the station code is either A (for their initial position of a station site) or B (the station has been moved during the networks operation time due to low quality recordings at the respective initial site). Each site was chosen on 3 criteria: (1) minimizing the depth to bedrock, (2) maximizing remoteness, and (3) maximizing security, preferentially located within sight of nearby settlements. However, one station (02A) was lost due to theft and many others experienced recording gaps due to animals chewing on cables, malfunctions of electrical parts and mainly flooding of the stations during the austral summer monsoon. The overall network geometry evolved partially due to accessibility of remote locations, maintaining similar interstation distances and focusing around the epicenter of the Mw 5.7 El Galpón earthquake 9 months prior to the network’s starttime. The smallest depths to bedrock were achieved by concentrating the sites around two major bedrock ranges and their piedmont, Cerro Colorado and Sierra de la Candelaria. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 2S.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~110G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 4
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    SISLACQ2021 (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Deployment of 10 seismometers for monitoring the induced seismicity of the Lacq gas field, France. This project focus on the analysis of the seismicity induced by anthropogenic activities (gas extraction and wastewater injection) related to the gas field, located in Lacq, France. We aim to answer the following questions: which part of the Lacq induced seismicity is generated by wastewater injection? by the mechanical evolution of the reservoir depletion? Is the seismicity confined to the (minor) faults of the reservoir or can regional tectonic faults be activated, generating large earthquakes? What scenarios of ground shaking and damages could be expected in case of a major event in the area? What is the associated seismic hazard and risk?
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; induced seismicity ; Lacq gas field ; waste water injection ; temporary seismological network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~300G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 5
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    University of Potsdam Experimental 3D-3C Array (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The network consists of a vertical borehole array equipped with 3C sensors (geophones) for the analysis of swarm earthquakes in the Western Bohemia / Vogtland area located in the German/Czech border region. A surface array is completing the 3D observation of the wave field with 3C sensors (geophones). Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 6A, and is embargoed until FEB 2035.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Germany ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~15T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 6
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    SMARTnet : Seismic Monitoring of the Armutlu Fault Zone (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-22
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This field campaign aimed at densifying the station coverage on the Armutlu Peninsula in the eastern Sea of Marmara. The Armutlu peninsula is directly crossed by the Armutlu fault, located roughly ~50 km away from the Istanbul metropolitan region. The main objective of this experiment is to characterize the seismic and aseismic deformation of this region. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 9P.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~600G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 7
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    Southwest Indian Ridge Earthquakes and Hydrothermal Plumes (SWEAP) (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Project SWEAP (Southwest Indian Ridge Earthquakes and Plumes), a collaborative effort led by the Alfred-Wegener-Institute, installed a network of 10 broad-band ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) along the ultraslow-spreading Oblique Supersegment of the Southwest Indian Ridge. The presented data set covers the continuous records of 8 stations of the network provided by the DEPAS instrument pool. One station of the original network could not be recovered, another one did not return data. The instruments were spaced at roughly 15 km intervals in a triangular shape network to either side of the rift axis covering about 60 km along axis between 13°E and 13.8°E and 60 km across axis between 52°S and 52.6°S. The determination of the OBS positions is described by Schmid et al. (2016). The network design was optimized for detecting and locating deep seismicity in the area. The rift valley was filled with soft silica ooze, producing considerable delay of S-phases at selected stations. Instrument deployment started during RV Polarstern cruise ANT-XXIX/2 on December 05 2012. Instrument recovery was completed during RV Polarstern cruise ANT-XXIX/8 on November 26 2013. 5 Refraction seismic lines were acquired by RV Polarstern cruise ANT-XXIX/8 from November 17 to 19 in 2013. All OBS could be synchronized with the GPS clock upon recovery such that skew values describing the clock drift are available for all stations. The non-linear clock drift of station SWE05 was determined by means of noise cross-correlations and applied to the data set. All other stations show a linear drift, which was corrected.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Ocean-bottom seismometer ; OBS ; Southwest Indian Ridge ; passive seismology ; DEPAS ; Monitoring system ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~300G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 8
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    Dublin pilot test train experiment, phase 2 (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Geophysical section of Dublin institute for Advanced studies is a publicly funded (government) academic research organization that develop new methods for studying the earth. In this project we are trying to develop new environmentally friendly ways to monitoring ground integrity. The idea is to use ground vibrations from natural and man-made sources, that already exist in everyday life for monitoring ground integrity. Here we would like to see if ground vibrations made by passing trains can be used to determine the integrity of the ground beneath the train track itself. This project involves the recording and analysis in detail the seismic vibrations generated by trains in order to better understand the proprieties of the waves propagating from the railway trough the shallow underground. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~8GB
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 9
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    Archimedes (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset includes five stations of an Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) experiment conducted at the southern end of the Fonualei Rift and Spreading Center in the Lau Basin, southwestern Pacific. The OBS recorded continuously for 32-days on 4 components, including a hydrophone and a 3-component 4.5 Hz geophone. The experiment was conducted during RV Sonne cruise SO267, project ARCHIMEDES I.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Ocean-bottom seismometer ; OBS ; passive seismology ; Monitoring system ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~60G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 10
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    Inter-Wind (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The goal of Inter-Wind is to investigate and predict the induced seismic signals of wind turbines at different locations in Southern Germany. The experiments involve various sensor types and data loggers.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; passive seismology ; Monitoring system ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~39GB
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 11
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    Dublin pilot test train experiment, phase 1 (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Geophysical section of Dublin institute for Advanced studies is a publicly funded (government) academic research organization that develop new methods for studying the earth. In this project we are trying to develop new environmentally friendly ways to monitoring ground integrity. The idea is to use ground vibrations from natural and man-made sources, that already exist in everyday life for monitoring ground integrity. Here we would like to see if ground vibrations made by passing trains can be used to determine the integrity of the ground beneath the train track itself. This project involves the recording and analysis in detail the seismic vibrations generated by trains in order to better understand the proprieties of the waves propagating from the railway trough the shallow underground. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~8GB
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 12
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    Ireland Array (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Ireland Array is an array of 20 broadband seismometers that was operated by the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies across the Republic of Ireland. The array comprised up to 20 stations running simultaneously, all equipped with Trillium 120PA seismometers and Taurus data loggers. The 20 stations were installed in 2010–2012. Some of the stations were moved to new locations in Ireland in the course of the operation of the array, either in order to enhance the data sampling of the island or when the old deployment sites became unsuitable. Ireland Array dramatically increased the seismic data sampling of Ireland and enabled advances and discoveries in the studies of the structure and evolution of Ireland’s crust and lithosphere, seismicity of Ireland, and mechanisms of the Paleogene intraplate volcanism in Ireland and surroundings.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~2.4TB
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 13
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    Fibre-optic distributed acoustic sensing, seismological and infrasonic data set from Etna, Italy (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Understanding physical processes prior and during eruptions remains challenging, due to uncertainties about subsurface structures and undetected processes within the volcano. Here, the authors use a dedicated fibre-optic cable to obtain strain data and identify volcanic events and image hidden near-surface volcanic structural features at Etna volcano, Italy. In the paper Jousset et al. (2022), we detect and characterize strain signals associated with explosions, and we find evidences for non-linear grain interactions in a scoria layer of spatially variable thickness. We also demonstrate that wavefield separation allows us to incrementally investigate the ground response to various excitation mechanisms, and we identify very small volcanic events, which we relate to fluid migration and degassing. We recorded seismic signals from natural and man-made sources with 2-m spacing along a 1.5-km-long fibre-optic cable layout near the summit of actives craters of Etna volcano, Italy. Those results provide the basis for improved volcano monitoring and hazard assessment using DAS. This data publication contains the full data set used for the analysis. This data set comprises strain-rate data from 1 iDAS interrogator (~750 traces), velocity data from 15 geophones and 4 broadband seismometers, and infrasonic pressure data from infrasound sensors. For further explanation of the data and related processing steps, please refer to Jousset et al. (2022). Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 9N.
    Keywords: fibre optics ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; Passive seismic ; Local network ; Temporary ; Volcano ; Velocity ; DAS ; MiniSEED
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~600G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 14
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    DARE: Dense ARray for seismic site effect Estimation (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-06
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The project DARE proposes an integrated study of seismic site effects on the deep and elongated Messinian Rhône Canyon (French Rhône Valley). Lithological information from boreholes reaching the bedrock and preliminary geophysical campaigns indicate that the canyon can reach locally 〉500 m and may be deeply incised. The strong material contrast between the sedimentary filling and the substratum, as well as its expected confined geometry make this canyon a good candidate for generating various kinds of multi-dimensional site effects. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code Y7.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 15
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    Dataset of the 3P seismic network at the Theistareykir geothermal area, Iceland, 2017-2021 (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Continuous passive seismic monitoring is carried out between September 2017 and December 2021 around the Theistareykir geothermal area located at the intersection between the active Northern Rift Zone and the active Tjörnes Fracture Zone in NE Iceland. This experiment, in addition to an extensive gravimetric monitoring survey, was conducted in the framework of the MicroGraviMoTiS project for a better understanding of the structures and behavior of the local geothermal system under exploitation and for further development of local and regional geothermal resources. 14 broadband stations (Trillium C-120s) recording at 200 Hz comprise the temporary network, that is installed to complement stations of the national seismological network of IMO and stations of Landsvirkjun, the National Power Company of Iceland. The stations were placed in and around the producing zone to primarily retrieve local natural and/or induced seismicity associated to the injection and production operations. The retrieved seismic data is also used for obtaining a representative 1D velocity model of the region, for computing a seismic ambient noise tomography, and for monitoring the system using coda wave interferometry techniques. Funding for this project is provided by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (MicroGraviMoTiS , BMBF, grant: 03G0858A), the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences and Landsvirkjun. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data center, under network code 3P, and are embargoed until December 2025.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 16
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    Seismological profile across Longmenshan Fault - LONGMEN-P (2018-2020) (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The main aim of this project is to investigate the crustal and mantle structure beneath the Longmenshan fault zone in China, based on a very dense passive seismology profile. The Longmenshan fault zone hosted the Wenchuan earthquake of May 2008 with a magnitude (Mw) of 7.9 and the Lushan earthquake of June 2013 with a magnitude (Mw) of 6.6. It is planned to mainly use the receiver-function method, to investigate the crustal and mantle structure beneath the Longmenshan fault zone. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data center, under network code 4O, and are embargoed until February 2024.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Earthquake ; Receiver functions ; Crustal and mantle structure ; China ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 17
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    Myanmar subduction to collision imaging array (MySCOLAR) (2021)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The temporary seismic array of MySCOLAR in northern Myanmar consists of 30 broadband stations. The overall scientific goals are to understand the transition from continental collision to oceanic subduction, to quantify the partitioning of deformation in the accretionary prism, in the Burma Plate and along the strike-slip Sagaing fault system and to image the subducting Indian Plate beneath Myanmar and southwest China. The seismological analysis methods applied to this dataset will include location of local earthquakes and determining their focal mechanisms, surface wave tomography from ambient noise and earthquake data, body wave tomography from local and teleseismic earthquakes, full waveform inversion for Earth structure, receiver functions, and shear wave splitting. A subset of the stations was transmitting data in real time, and these stations contributed to real-time earthquake analysis by the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH) in Myanmar and the GEOFON earthquake monitoring service. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 6C.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
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    DATA GFZ
  • 18
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    Late Eocene to early Miocene ice sheet dynamics and the global carbon cycle (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Paired benthic foraminiferal trace metal and stable isotope records have been constructed from equatorial Pacific Ocean Drilling Program Site 1218. The records include the two largest abrupt (〈1 Myr) increases in the Cenozoic benthic oxygen isotope record: Oi‐1 in the earliest Oligocene (∼34 Ma) and Mi‐1 in the earliest Miocene (∼23 Ma). The paired Mg/Ca and oxygen isotope records are used to calculate seawater δ18O (δw). Calculated δw suggests that a large Antarctic ice sheet formed during Oi‐1 and subsequently fluctuated throughout the Oligocene on both short (〈0.5 Myr) and long (2–3 Myr) timescales, between about 50 and 100% of its maximum earliest Oligocene size. The magnitudes of these fluctuations are consistent with estimates of sea level derived from sequence stratigraphy. The transient expansion of the Antarctic ice sheet at Mi‐1 is marked in the benthic δ18O record by two positive excursions between 23.7 and 22.9 Ma, each with a duration of 200–300 kyr. Bottom water temperatures decreased by ∼2°C over the 150 kyr immediately prior to both rapid δ18O excursions. However, the onset of each of these phases of ice growth is synchronous, within the resolution of the records, with the onset of a 2°C warming over ∼150 kyr. We suggest that the warming during these glacial expansions reflect increased greenhouse forcing prompted by a sudden decrease in global chemical weathering rates as Antarctic basement silicate rocks became blanketed by an ice sheet. This represents a negative feedback process that might have operated during major abrupt growth phases of the Antarctic ice sheet.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 19
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    FoMapS: Seismic investigation of the Fogo magmatic plumbing system, Cape Verde, using multi-array techniques (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Volcanic eruptions are regularly observed on the island of Fogo, Cape Verde, with an average re-occurrence interval of ca. 20 years. However, the structure and extent of the related volcanic plumbing system are not well understood. Previous studies have investigated earthquakes related to magmatic processes connected with the Fogo volcano using conventional network configurations. Seismicity has been reported to occur mainly southwest of the island of Brava while a more recent study reports on activity focussed between Brava and Fogo. Multi-array seismology has the potential to significantly reduce the localization errors of seismic events in particular for those outside a station network and to lower the detection threshold. The subject of this study is the investigation of the local volcano-related seismicity applying multi-array methods which is a unique task amongst the research activities at German universities. The scientific aims are (a) to precisely map local events to constrain the structure of and the dynamic processes within the volcanic plumbing system, (b) to image the magma source region below the Fogo volcano using reflected and backscattered waves, and (c) to localize low-frequency volcanic tremor events. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 9J, and are embargoed until February 2022.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 20
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    BRAVOSEIS Onshore Seismic Array (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Bransfield Strait is a seismically active extensional rift located between the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Shetland Islands. The Strait is partly located on continental crust including areas within the transition to seafloor spreading. The amphibious seismic network BRAVOSEIS is an international effort focused on the seismological research of submarine volcanoes and rift dynamics in the Bransfield Strait. This network is the onshore component of the entire network consisting of 15 broadband land stations deployed in the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula between January 2018 and February 2020. The offshore components (network code ZX) include 9 broadband ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) across the Central Bransfield Basin and a group of 6 hydrophone moorings spanning the rift area of 200 x 100 km2, with inter-station distance of ~30 km. Additionally, a smaller offshore array consisting of 15 short-period OBSs with an aperture of 20 km and a narrow inter-station distance of ~4 km was deployed around the Orca submarine volcanic edifice south of King George Island. The data will be used to study the geodynamics of the Bransfield Strait and the evolution of the incipient rifting zone in the domain where extension has been suggested. Seismological methods will include earthquake location, source mechanism, surface wave analysis with ambient noise and earthquake data, receiver function and shear wave splitting. The results may shed light on the crustal structure and tectonic regime in the region and image the location and extent of magma accumulations related to submarine volcanic structures. Finally, the results should provide clues to assess the internal processes that occur in the submarine volcanoes of the area undergoing rifting. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 5M, and are embargoed until March 2024.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
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  • 21
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    FOSA (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The complete network consisted of 11 stations deployed on the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. Eight of the stations formed an arraywith an aperture of 700 m, deployed in the south of the island near the village of Achada Furna. Seven of the array stations were equipped with 3-component 4.5 Hz geophones, one with a Trillium Compact (broad-band) sensor. The remaing three stations were distributed across the island and equipped with Trillium Compact sensors. Data were recorded continuously from October 2015 to December 2016 with a sample rate of 200 Hz. Due to limited data storage, there are four recording gaps (20/12/2015-14/01/2016; 28/03/2016-04/04/2016; 17/06/2016-18/07/2016; 01/10/2016-18/10/2016). The network served as a pilot study for the more comprehensive study, FoMaPS, from 2017 to 2018 (FDSN code 9J), involving station deployments on Fogo and Brava. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 5M, and are embargoed until July 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~300G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 22
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    IMAGE (Integrated Methods for Advanced Geothermal Exploration) (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: IMAGE is a two year seismological experiment realized at the Reykjanes Peninsula by Philippe Jousset (GFZ Potsdam) and Gylfi P. Hersir (ISOR Iceland). Reykjanes Peninsula is located at the southwestern tip of Iceland, at the emergent part of the Mid-oceanic Ridge. This area has a high seismicity and is exploited for its high geothermal potential. The deployment is performed to carry out a local seismological study with techniques such as seismic tomography (earthquake based, e.g. Jousset et al., 2016, and ambient noise e.g., Martins et al., 2020). The aim of the seismic experiment is to monitor the seismic activity associated with the rift processes (Blank et al., 2020) and/or the induced seismicity. The network comprised 30 onland stations (GIPP) and 21 Ocean Bottom Seismometers (Lobsters, DEPAS). Onland stations were deployed from April 2014 until August 2015 and comprise 20 broadband seismic stations (Nanometrics Trillium Compact 120 s), 10 short-period sensors (Mark sensors 1 Hz) and data loggers (DATA-CUBE) with acquisition frequencies of 200 Hz. Sensors were buried 30-40 cm deep in the ground in containers. Data gaps are minimal, and occurred every 3 months when the batteries were exchanged and data downloaded from the DATA-CUBEs. OBS were deployed in August 2014 and recorded for about a year. From this dataset, a catalogue of about 2000 earthquakes could be extracted. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 4L.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~3.2T
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    DATA GFZ
  • 23
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    Seismic array data for monitoring and tracking tremor sources during subglacial floods and volcanic eruptions at Vatnajökull (Vatna Glacier), Iceland (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: As part of project FUTUREVOLC, European volcanological supersite in Iceland: a monitoring system and network for the future, two 7-element seismic broadband arrays were installed outside the western margin of Vatnajökull glacier, Iceland. The goal was to study seismic tremor associated with floods originating in the eastern and western Skaftár cauldrons. A third temporary array was installed during the Bárðarbunga 2014-2015 volcanic eruption near the eruption site. The aim of the array installations was to discriminate between different seismic tremor sources, namely volcanic eruptions, lava flows, hydrothermal explosions and subglacial floods (jökulhlaups). The main aim of the two arrays installed on the western margin of Vatnajökull was to study their early-warning potential through the analysis of four subglacial floods observed during the study period. The seismic vibrations associated with these floods have an emergent start, are of long duration and are referred to as tremor or high-frequency noise. Due to the lack of clear discrete onsets they cannot be located using traditional earthquake location methods. Instead clusters of seismometers (called arrays) are employed to both locate the tremor source and determine the wave type in the tremor (surface vs. body waves). The array data recorded during the Bárðarbunga eruption were used to investigate the nature of shallow, pre-eruptive, long-duration seismic tremor activity related to shallow dyke formation. The sources of the tremor were found to locate at the eruption site and under ice cauldrons which formed on the ice surface during the first weeks of the unrest. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 5L.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~570G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 24
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    1 year seismological experiment at Strokkur in 2017/18 (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Strokkur_1yr is a one year seismological experiment realized at the most active geyser on Iceland by Eva Eibl (University of Potsdam) in collaboration with Thomas R. Walter, Phillippe Jousset, Torsten Dahm, Masoud Allahbakhshi, Daniel Müller from GFZ Potsdam and Gylfi P. Hersir from ISOR Iceland. The geyser is part of the Haukadalur geothermal area in south Iceland, which contains numerous geothermal anomalies, hot springs, and basins (Walter et al., 2018). Strokkur is a pool geyser and has a silica sinter edifice with a water basin on top, which is about 12 m in diameter with a central tube of more than 20 m depth. The aim of the seismic experiment is to monitor eruptions of Strokkur geyser from June 2017 to June 2018 using four broadband seismic stations (Nanometrics Trillium Compact Posthole 20 s). Sensors were buried 30–40 cm deep in the ground at distances of 38.8 m (G4, SE), 47.3 m (G3, SW), 42.5 m (G2, N), and 95.5 m (G1, NE) from Strokkur center. Data gaps represent 15–44 % of the records as during the winter period maintenance intervals were longer and battery drainage was high. However, at any given time, at least one station recorded the eruptions. From this dataset, converted to MSEED using Pyrocko, a catalogue of 70,000 eruptions was determined and further investigated in Eibl et al. (2020) Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 7L.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~100G
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  • 25
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    Barium concentrations and GDGT abundances across the PETM (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Frieling, Joost; Peterse, Francien; Lunt, Daniel J; Bohaty, Steven M; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Sluijs, Appy (2019): Widespread warming before and elevated barium burial during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: evidence for methane hydrate release? Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003425
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Current climate change may induce positive carbon cycle feedbacks that amplify anthropogenic warming on time scales of centuries to millennia. Similar feedbacks might have been active during a phase of carbon cycle perturbation and global warming, termed the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56 million years ago). The PETM may help constrain these feedbacks and their sensitivity to warming. We present new high-resolution carbon isotope and sea surface temperature data from Ocean Drilling Project Site 959 in the Equatorial Atlantic. With these and existing data from the New Jersey shelf and Maud Rise, Southern Ocean, we quantify the lead-lag relation between PETM warming and the carbon input that caused the carbon isotope excursion. We show ~2 ºC of global warming preceded the CIE by millennia, strongly implicating CO2-driven warming triggered a positive carbon cycle feedback. We further compile new and published barium (Ba) records encompassing continental shelf, slope and deep-ocean settings. Based on this compilation, average Ba burial rates approximately tripled during the PETM, which may require an additional source of Ba to the ocean. Although the precipitation pathway is not well constrained, dissolved Ba stored in sulfate-depleted pore-waters below methane hydrates could represent an additional source. We speculate the most complete explanation for early warming and rise in Ba supply is that hydrate dissociation acted as a positive feedback and caused the CIE. This could imply hydrates are more temperature-sensitive than previously considered, and may warrant reconsideration of the political assignment of 2 °C warming as a safe future scenario.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 26
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    Age model, geochemistry and benthic foraminifera from ODP Hole 114-702B (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rivero-Cuesta, Lucía; Westerhold, Thomas; Agnini, Claudia; Dallanave, Edoardo; Wilkens, Roy H; Alegret, Laia (2019): Paleoenvironmental changes at ODP Site 702 (South Atlantic): Anatomy of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(12), 2047-2066, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003806
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: It contains three tables that correspond to the supplementary information of the article mentioned above. Tables S3 and S4 can be found within the Supplementary Information document. Table S1 contains high-resolution bulk and benthic carbon and oxygen stable isotope data from ODP Hole 702B across the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (40 Ma). Table S2 contains benthic foraminiferal data (relative abundance and ecology index) and accumulation rates from ODP Hole 702B across the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (40 Ma). Table S5 contains middle Eocene ODP Hole 702B XRF core scanning data, high-resolution bulk and benthic carbon and oxygen stable isotope data from ODP Site 1263 and age model correlation tie points between drill sites for ODP Sites 1263, 738 and 702B as well tie points for a detailed astronomical age model for ODP Site 1263 (La2010b solution).
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 9 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 27
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    Gulf of Mexico Neogene astronomically-tuned time scale (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bergen, James A; Truax III, S; de Kaenel, Eric P; Blair, Stacie A; Browning, Emily L; Lundquist, J; Boesiger, Todd; Bolivar, M; Clark, K (2019): BP Gulf of Mexico Neogene Astronomically-tuned Time Scale (BP GNATTS). Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 131(11-12), 1871-1888, https://doi.org/10.1130/B35062.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: This paper introduces an integrated Neogene microfossil biostratigraphic chart developed within post-merger BP for the Gulf of Mexico Basin and is the first published industrial framework "fully-tuned" to orbital periodicities. Astronomical-tuning was accomplished through a 15-year research program on ODP Leg 154 sediments (offshore NE Brazil) with sampling resolution for calcareous nannofossils and planktonic foraminifera about 20 k.y. and 40 k.y. (thousand year), respectively. This framework extends from the Late Oligocene (25.05 Ma) to Recent at an average Chart Horizon resolution for the Neogene of 144 k.y., approximately double that of published Gulf of Mexico biostratigraphic charts and a five-fold increase over the highest resolution global calcareous microfossil biozonation. Such resolution approximates that of 4th to 5th order parasequences and is a critical component in the verification of seismic correlations between mini-basins in the deep-water Gulf of Mexico. Its utility in global time-scale construction and correlation has been proven, in part, by application of the scheme in full to internal research for the Oligocene-Miocene boundary interval on the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) in northern Italy and offshore wells in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. This step change in Neogene resolution, now at the level of cyclostratigraphy (the orbital periodicity of eccentricity) and the magnetostratigraphic chron, demonstrates the potential for calcareous microfossil biostratigraphy to more consistently reinforce correlations of these time scale parameters. The integration of microfossil disciplines, consistent taxonomies, and rigorous analytical methodologies are all critical to obtaining and reproducing this new level of biostratigraphic resolution.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 21 datasets
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  • 28
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    Seismic Recordings for SMARTIE1: Seismic Monitoring And Research of Wind Turbine Induced Emissions 1 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: SMARTIE1 is a joint seismological experiment of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the Leipzig University. We installed in total 36 seismic stations as ring-like and profile-like measurements near to a single wind turbine (WT) at the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT) in Pfinztal, SW Germany, for 21 days. The main goals of this project are a better understanding of a single WT as a seismic source and the development of propagation models for the WT-induced seismic signals, depending on the geological properties. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code X8 (under CC-BY 4.0 license according to GIPP-rules), and are embargoed until Jan 2020.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; induced seismic signals ; wind turbine ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
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  • 29
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    Seismic sensing of hydraulic and sediment transport patterns below frozen subarctic river (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Our understanding of the effects of ice on channel morphodynamics and bedload transport in northern rivers, frozen for several months, are hindered by the difficulties of ‘seeing’ through the ice. We use continuous seismic records of a small network at the Sävar River in northern Sweden to interpret processes and quantify water and sediment fluxes. We apply a seismic inversion approach to determine seasonal differences in hydraulics and bedload sediment transport under ice-covered vs. open-channel flow conditions and provide a first-order estimation of sediment flux in that Fennoscandian river. Analysis of seismic signals of ice-cracking support our visual interpretation of ice break-up timing and the main ice break-up mechanism as thermal rather than mechanical. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 8E, and are available under CC-BY 4.0 license.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~100G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 30
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    Crustal Seismicity along for the Southern Andes Volcanic Zone (LOFS) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Liquiñe-Ofqui fault system (LOFS) in south-central Chile provides a natural laboratory to assess the interplay between magma/hydrothermal fluid flow and crustal deformation. Understanding these processes is of paramount importance for geothermal energy exploration and seismic hazard assessment. We deployed a dense seismic network (Sielfeld et al., 2019) at the northern termination of the LOFS in south-central Chile (~38°S) between 2014 March and 2015 June. The main aim was to better understand the significance and implications of seismic activity in relation to geological information such as the complex fault-fracture network, volcanoes, and the stress field estimated from geological data. As a result, the network was designed to monitor the northern segment of the LOFS on a more regional scale rather than concentration on the activity of one volcano. The network covered a ~200‐km‐long section of the Southern Volcanic Zone, including several Holocene stratovolcanoes (Callaqui, Copahue, Caviahue Caldera, Tolhuaca, Lonquimay, Llaima, Sierra Nevada, Sollipulli, Villarrica, Quetrupillán, Lanín (La), and Mocho‐Choshuenco). Waveform data are open and available under network code 3H from the GEOFON data centre under license CC BY 4.0.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; LOFZ ; LOFS ; seismological data ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~650G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 31
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    Monitoring the unrest of ElHierro Island with seismic observations (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The unrest of el Hierro Islands started in 2011 with a submarine volcanic eruption. In order to better characterize unrest of El Hierro Island 9 landstations were installed on the Island of ElHierro (Figure 1) between March 2015 and June 2016. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 2L and are embargoed until Jan 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; ElHierro ; seismological data ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~240G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 32
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    Cliff coast failures on the Jasmund part of Rügen, Germany (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Cliffs line many erosional coastlines. Localized failures can cause land loss and hazard, and impact ecosystems and sediment routing. Links between cliff erosion and forcing mechanisms are poorly constrained, due to limitations of classic approaches. Combining multi-seasonal seismic and drone surveys, wave, precipitation and groundwater data we study drivers and triggers of seismically detected failures along the chalk cliffs on Germany's largest island, Rügen. The network consists of four (later five) seismic stations along the 8.6 km long chalk cliff coast. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 4K, and are embargoed until Jan 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Germany ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~630G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 33
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    One year of seismic records of an array installed on a taiwanese ridge (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: A line of 6 broadband seismometers have been deployed across a ridge in the Hualien County (Eastern Taiwan). From March 2015 to June 2016 the network has been continuously recording waves incoming from the Taiwanese regional seismicity. During that period, more than 2000 earthquakes with magnitudes Ml〉3 and distant from less than 200km were recorded. The hill is well approximated by a triangular topography of 3600m in length by 900m in height. Waveform data are open and available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 5K.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~240G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 34
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    Multi-scale imaging of the Main Pamir Thrust faults within the framework of CaTeNA project – Climatic and Tectonic Natural Hazards in Central Asia (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We propose to investigate the structure and evolution of the Main Pamir Thrust (MPT) with a high-density seismological array. The MPT, with its surface expression along the east-west trending Alai Valley, marks the northern boundary of the Pamir. The Alai Valley, separating the Pamir and the Tien Shan, constitutes the last vestige of a formerly continuous basin that linked the Tarim and the Tajik Basins. The MPT manifests itself as a place of high seismic activity with frequently occurred disastrous earthquakes. The array is about 50 km long, consisted of 90 three-component geophones (stations G?? and C??) and 10 Trillium-Compact seismometers (stations T??), and equipped with 100 CUBE dataloggers. We will construct a high-resolution receiver function profile to image the MPT and accurately locate the local earthquakes associated with the MPT. Funded by BMBF, within the framework of CaTeNA project – Climatic and Tectonic Natural Hazards in Central Asia. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 7A and are embargoed until Jan 2024.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~240G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 35
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    Dataset of the 6G seismic network at Los Humeros, 2017-2018 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Extensive passive seismic monitoring was carried out between September 2017 and September 2018 over the Los Humeros geothermal field in Mexico. This experiment, in addition to several geophysical, geological, and geochemical surveys was conducted in the framework of the European H2020 and Mexican CONACyT-SENER project GEMex for a better understanding of the structures and behavior of the local geothermal system currently under exploitation, and for investigating future development areas. 25 broadband stations (22 Trillium C-120s and 3 Trillium C-20 PH) recording at 200 Hz, and 20 short period stations (Mark L-4C-3D) recording at 100 Hz comprised the network which is sub-divided into two sub-networks. An inner and denser (~1.6-2 km inter-station distance) pseudo-rhomboidal array (27 stations) was laid out to cover the producing zone and retrieve local seismicity mainly associated to injection and production operations, and to comply with beamforming of ambient noise and time reverse imaging techniques. An outer and sparser (~5 km minimum spacing) array was placed at around 30 km radius surrounding the inner network, and was mainly dedicated to larger scale imaging techniques, such as seismic ambient noise tomography, and regional earthquakes tomography. The GEMex project is supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme for Research and Innovation under grant agreement No 727550 and the Mexican Energy Sustainability Fund CONACYT-SENER, project 2015-04-68074. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 6G and are embargoed until Jan 2023.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
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  • 36
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    Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene stable isotope and coarse fraction record of ODP Site 208-1262 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Barnet, James S K; Littler, Kate; Westerhold, Thomas; Kroon, Dick; Leng, Melanie J; Bailey, Ian; Röhl, Ursula; Zachos, James C (2019): A High‐Fidelity Benthic Stable Isotope Record of Late Cretaceous–Early Eocene Climate Change and Carbon‐Cycling. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(4), 672-691, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003556
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene is the most recent period of Earth history that experienced sustained global greenhouse warmth and was characterised by a dynamic carbon cycle. Yet, knowledge of ambient climate conditions and the evolution of atmospheric pCO2 at this time, along with their relation to forcing mechanisms, are still poorly constrained. Here we present an unprecedented 14.75 million year long high-resolution orbitally-tuned record of paired climate change and carbon-cycling (based on the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of benthic foraminiferal tests) compiled to date for the enigmatic Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene, and compare these records to the most up-to-date compilation of atmospheric pCO2 records for this time. We identify eccentricity as the dominant pacemaker of the observed climate and carbon cycle changes, through the modulation of precession. The carbon cycle (e.g., d13C) lagged changes in climate by ~22,800 years within the long eccentricity (405,000 year) band and ~3,000-4,500 years within the short eccentricity (100,000 year) band, suggesting that light carbon was released as a positive feedback to warming induced by small changes in orbital forcing. The majority of the hyperthermals of this time period occur during maxima in the long eccentricity cycle, with the exception of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and Late Maastrichtian warming event, which are likely to have been triggered by Large Igneous Province volcanism.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
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  • 37
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    Model runs of the reactive transport model (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 197 kBytes
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  • 38
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    Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) study of ODP Hole 159-959D (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Frieling, Joost; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Middelburg, Jack J; Röhl, Ursula; Westerhold, Thomas; Bohaty, Steven M; Sluijs, Appy (2018): Tropical Atlantic climate and ecosystem regime shifts during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Climate of the Past, 14(1), 39-55, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-39-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; 56 Ma) was a phase of rapid global warming associated with massive carbon input into the ocean-atmosphere system from a 13C-depleted reservoir. Many mid- and high-latitude sections have been studied and document changes in salinity, hydrology and sedimentation, deoxygenation, biotic overturning and migrations, but detailed records from tropical regions are lacking. Here, we study the PETM at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 959 in the equatorial Atlantic using a range of organic and inorganic proxies and couple these with dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblage analysis. The PETM at Site 959 was previously found to be marked by a ~3.8 per mil negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE), and a ~4 ºC surface ocean warming from the uppermost Paleocene to peak PETM, of which ~1 ºC occurs before the onset of the CIE. We record upper Paleocene dinocyst assemblages that are similar to PETM assemblages as found in extra-tropical regions, confirming poleward migrations of ecosystems during the PETM. The early stages of the PETM are marked by a typical acme of the tropical genus Apectodinium, which reaches abundances of up to 95 %. Subsequently, dinocyst abundances diminish greatly, as do carbonate and pyritized silicate microfossils. The combined paleoenvironmental information from Site 959 and a close by shelf site in Nigeria implies the general absence of eukaryotic surface-dwelling microplankton during peak PETM warmth is most likely caused by heat stress. Crucially, abundant organic benthic foraminiferal linings imply sustained export production, likely driven by prokaryotes. In sharp contrast, the recovery of the CIE yields rapid (〈〈10 kyr) fluctuations in the abundance of several dinocyst groups, suggesting extreme ecosystem and environmental variability.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 39
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    Surface and subsurface single foraminifera analyses from the Western Pacific Warm Pool over the Plio-Pleistocene (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ford, Heather L; Ravelo, Ana Christina (2019): Estimates of Pliocene Tropical Pacific Temperature Sensitivity to Radiative Greenhouse Gas Forcing. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(1), 2-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003461
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Western Equatorial Pacific (WEP) warm pool, with surface temperatures 〉28 °C and a relatively deep thermocline, is an important source of latent and sensible heat for the global climate system. Because the tropics are not sensitive to ice‐albedo feedbacks, the WEP's response to radiative forcing can be used to constrain a minimum estimate of Earth system sensitivity. Climate modeling of pCO2‐radiative warming projections shows little change in WEP variability; here we use temperature distributions of individual surface and subsurface dwelling fossil foraminifera to evaluate past variability and possible radiative and dynamic climate forcing over the Plio‐Pleistocene. We investigate WEP warm pool variability within paired glacial‐interglacial (G‐IG) intervals for four times: the Holocene‐Last Glacial Maximum, ~2 Ma, ~3 Ma, and ~ 4 Ma. Our results show that these surface and subsurface temperature distributions are similar for all G‐IG pairs, indicating no change in variability, even as pCO2‐radiative forcing and other boundary conditions changed on G‐IG timescales. Plio‐Pleistocene SST distributions are similar to those from the Holocene, indicating WEP SSTs respond to pCO2‐radiative forcing and associated feedbacks. In contrast, Plio‐Pleistocene subsurface temperature distributions suggest subsurface temperatures respond to changes in thermocline temperature and depth. We estimate tropical temperature sensitivity for the mid‐Pliocene (~3 Ma) using our individual foraminifera SST dataset and a previously published high‐resolution boron isotope based pCO2 reconstruction. We find tropical temperature sensitivity was equal to, or less than that of the Late Pleistocene.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 40
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    Strontium and calcium isotopic data for bulk carbonate solids and pore fluids from ODP Sites 189-1170 and 189-1171 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Strontium and calcium isotopic data for bulk carbonate solids and pore fluids from ODP Sites 1170 and 1171 are presented. Bulk carbonate and pore fluid samples from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 1170A and 1171A were measured in this study. Both sites are located on the South TasmanRise; Site 1170A (47°09.0435°S; 146°02.9881°E) was drilled in 2704.7 m water depth and Site 1171A (48°29.99600S;149°06.69010E) was drilled in 2148.2 m water depth. The tables provide summarized data.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
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  • 41
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    Magnesium and Strontium compositions of pore fluids and bulk carbonates from Ocean Drilling Project Site 189-1171 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Chanda, Piyali; Fantle, Matthew S (2017): Quantifying the effect of diagenetic recrystallization on the Mg isotopic composition of marine carbonates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 204, 219-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.01.010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Mg and Sr isotopic compositions (d26Mg and87Sr/86Sr) of pore fluids and bulk carbonates from Ocean Drilling Project Site 1171 is located on the South Tasman Rise (48°29.996000S and 149°06.690100E) at a present-day waterdepth of 2148.2 m on a southwesterly dipping slope.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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  • 42
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    North Pacific paleotemperature and paleoproductivity reconstructions based on diatom species (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lopes, C; Mix, Alan C (2018): North Pacific Paleotemperature and Paleoproductivity Reconstructions Based on Diatom Species. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(7), 703-715, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003352
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The data is comprised of all the modern calibration environmental variables and coretop diatom species as well downcore diatom species for transfer function application
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 43
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    Stable isotopes, calcareous nannoplankton and benthic foraminiferal records of ODP Sites 208-1262 and 208-1263 on Walvis Ridge (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Thomas, Ellen; Boscolo-Galazzo, Flavia; Balestra, Barbara; Monechi, Simonetta; Donner, Barbara; Röhl, Ursula (2018): Early Eocene Thermal Maximum 3: Biotic Response at Walvis Ridge (SE Atlantic Ocean). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(8), 862-883, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003375
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We combine stable isotope, calcareous nannoplankton and benthic foraminiferal records for Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1262 (paleodepth ~ 3500 m) and 1263 (paleodepth ~ 1500 m) on Walvis Ridge (SE Atlantic), to document the marine biotic response to Eocene Thermal Maximum 3, in the early part of the Early Eocene Climate Optimum, ~3.1 myr after the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Bottom water warming may have decreased the vertical thermal gradient at both sites, but more at Site 1263 than at 1262. Floral and faunal changes were more muted at Site 1262 than at shallower Site 1263, indicating that carbonate dissolution was not the most important cause of biotic effects. Assemblage changes were more pronounced in benthos than in plankton. Calcareous nannofossils underwent minor ecological changes, possibly related to the presence of warmer waters, especially at Site 1263, and dissolution-resistant taxa increased in abundance. Benthic foraminiferal diversity decreased at both sites, but benthic foraminiferal accumulation rates (BFAR) declined dramatically at Site 1263, remaining stable at Site 1262. Ocean circulation may have changed during ETM3, resulting in the presence of a warmer (intermediate) water mass at Site 1263. More pronounced warming may have caused enhanced remineralization of organic matter, so less food reached the benthos. The biotic response to the X-event was less pronounced than that to earlier and more severe hyperthermal events, the PETM and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2. The extent of the biotic response reflects the severity of the environmental disturbance, but varies by location (e.g., paleodepth on Walvis Ridge).
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 44
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    Late Miocene isotope record and temperature reconstruction of ODP Site184-1146 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Holbourn, Ann E; Kuhnt, Wolfgang; Clemens, Steven C; Kochhann, Karlos Guilherme Diemer; Jöhnck, Janika; Lübbers, Julia; Andersen, Nils (2018): Late Miocene climate cooling and intensification of southeast Asian winter monsoon. Nature Communications, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03950-1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The late Miocene offers the opportunity to assess the sensitivity of the Earth's climate to orbital forcing and to changing boundary conditions, such as ice volume and greenhouse gas concentrations, on a warmer-than-modern Earth. Here we investigate the relationships between low- and high-latitude climate variability in an extended succession from the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean. Our high-resolution benthic isotope record in combination with paired mixed layer isotope and Mg/Ca-derived temperature data reveal that a long-term cooling trend was synchronous with intensification of the Asian winter monsoon and strengthening of the biological pump from ~7 Ma until ~5.5 Ma. The climate shift occurred at the end of a global δ13C decrease, suggesting that changes in the carbon cycle involving the terrestrial and deep ocean carbon reservoirs were instrumental in driving late Miocene climate cooling. The inception of cooler climate conditions culminated with ephemeral Northern Hemisphere glaciations between 6.0 and 5.5 Ma.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 45
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    Middle Miocene benthic oxygen and carbon stable isotopes and Nd isotopes from Pacific ODP sites (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Holbourn, Ann E; Kuhnt, Wolfgang; Frank, Martin; Haley, Brian A (2013): Changes in Pacific Ocean circulation following the Miocene onset of permanent Antarctic ice cover. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 365, 38-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.020
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We integrate micropaleontological and geochemical records (benthic stable isotopes, neodymium isotopes, benthic foraminiferal abundances and XRF-scanner derived elemental data) from well-dated Pacific Ocean successions(15-12.7Ma) to monitor circulation changes during the middle Miocene transition into a colder climate mode with permanent Antarctic ice cover. Together with previously published records, our results show improvement in deepwater ventilation and strengthening of the meridional overturning circulation following major ice expansion at 13.9 Ma. Neodymium isotope data reveal, however, that the provenance of intermediate and deepwater masses did not change markedly between 15 and 12.7 Ma. We attribute the increased d13C gradient between Pacific deep and intermediate water masses between 13.6 and 12.7 Ma to more vigorous entrainment of PacificCentral Water into the wind-driven ocean circulation due to enhanced production of intermediate and deep waters in the Southern Ocean. Prominent 100 kyr ventilation cycles after 13.9 Ma reveal that the deep Pacific remained poorly ventilated during warmer intervals at high eccentricity, whereas colder periods (low eccentricity) were characterized by a more vigorous meridional overturning circulation with enhanced carbonate preservation. The long-term d13C decline in Pacific intermediate and deepwater sites between 13.5 and 12.7 Ma reflects a global trend, probably related to a re-adjustment response of the global carbon cycle following the last 400 kyr carbon maximum (CM6) of the ''Monterey Excursion''.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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  • 46
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    Organic biomarkers from ODP sites 151-907 and 151-911, used to reconstruct the surface temperatures and sea ice conditions in the Pliocene Nordic Seas (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Clotten, Caroline; Stein, Ruediger; Fahl, Kirsten; Schreck, Michael; Risebrobakken, Bjørg; De Schepper, Stijn (2019): On the causes of Arctic sea ice in the warm Early Pliocene. Scientific Reports, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37047-y
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: This dataset consists of organic biomarkers used to reconstruct the sea surface temperature and sea ice conditions in the Pliocene Nordic Seas. Specifically, it includes alkenone, IP25 and sterol data from the Pliocene of two Ocean Drilling Program sites, ODP Site 907 in the Iceland Sea and ODP Site 911 on the Yermak Plateau (Arctic Ocean).
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
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  • 47
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    Middle Eocene benthic foraminiferal stable carbon and oxygen isotope data (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Edgar, Kirsty M; Wilson, Paul A; Sexton, Philip F; Gibbs, Samantha J; Roberts, Andrew P; Norris, Richard D (2010): New biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and isotopic insights into the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum in low latitudes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 297(3-4), 670-682, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.09.016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) was a warming event that interrupted the long-term Eocene cooling trend. While this event is well documented at high southern and mid-latitudes, it is poorly known from low latitudes and its timing and duration are not well constrained because of problems of hiati, microfossil preservation and weak magnetic polarity in key sedimentary sections. Here, we report the results of a study designed to improve the bio-, magneto- and chemostratigraphy of the MECO interval using high-resolution records from two low-latitude sections in the Atlantic Ocean, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 1051 and 1260. We present the first detailed benthic foraminiferal stable isotope records of the MECO from the low latitudes as well as the biostratigraphic counts of Orbulinoides beckmanni and new magnetostratigraphic results. Our data demonstrate a ~ 750 kyr-long duration for the MECO characterized by increasing δ13C and decreasing δ18O, with minimum δ18O values lasting ~ 40 kyr at 40.1 Ma coincident with a short-lived negative δ13C excursion. Thereafter, δ18O and δ13C values recover rapidly. The shift to minimum δ18O values at 40.1 Ma is coincident with a marked increase in the abundance of the planktonic foraminifera O. beckmanni, consistent with its inferred warm-water preference. O. beckmanni is an important Eocene biostratigraphic marker, defining planktonic foraminiferal Zone E12 with its lowest and highest occurrences (LO and HOs). Our new records reveal that the LO of O. beckmanni is distinctly diachronous, appearing ~ 500 kyr earlier in the equatorial Atlantic than in the subtropics (40.5 versus 41.0 Ma). We also show that, at both sites, the HO of O. beckmanni at 39.5 Ma is younger than the published calibrations, increasing the duration of Zone E12 by at least 400 kyr. In accordance with the tropical origins of O. beckmanni, this range expansion to higher latitudes may have occurred in response to sea surface warming during the MECO and subsequently disappeared with cooling of surface waters.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 48
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    Impacts of paleoecology on the TEX86 sea surface temperature proxy in the Pliocene-Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Polik, Catherine Ann; Elling, Felix J; Pearson, Ann (2018): Impacts of Paleoecology on the TEX86 Sea Surface Temperature Proxy in the Pliocene-Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(12), 1472-1489, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003494
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The TEX86 proxy, based on the distribution of isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (iGDGTs) from planktonic Thaumarchaeota, is widely used to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST). Recent observations of species-specific and regionally-dependent TEX86-SST relationships in cultures and the modern ocean raise the question of whether non-thermal factors may have impacted TEX86 paleorecords. Here we evaluate the effects of ecological changes on TEX86 using one Pliocene and two Pleistocene sapropels from the Mediterranean Sea. We find that TEX86-derived SSTs deviate from UK'37-derived SSTs before, during, and after each sapropel event. UK'37-derived SSTs vary by less than 6 °C, while TEX86-derived SSTs vary by up to 15 °C within a single record. Compound-specific carbon isotope compositions indicate minimal confounding influence on TEX86 from exogenous sources. Some of the variation can be accounted for by changes in nitrogen cycling intensity affecting thaumarchaeal iGDGT biosynthesis, as demonstrated by an inverse relationship between TEX86 and δ15N(TN). TEX86-derived SSTs also consistently show warm anomalies in the Pleistocene, while the Pliocene samples exhibit both warmer and cooler relative offsets. These anomalies result from systematic differences between Plio-Pleistocene iGDGT distributions and both modern Mediterranean and modern, globally-distributed core-top samples. Through characteristic GDGT distributions, we suggest the existence of three distinct endemic populations of Thaumarchaeota in the Pliocene, Pleistocene, and modern Mediterranean Sea, respectively. Importantly, these communities prevailed during both sapropel and oligotrophic conditions. Our results demonstrate that ecological and community-specific effects must be considered when applying the TEX86 proxy to paleorecords.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 49
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    Carbonate weight percentages, XRF Ca/Ti ratios and foraminifer δ¹⁸O records from TN057-21, TN057-10 and from ODP Site 1089 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gottschalk, Julia; Hodell, David A; Skinner, Luke C; Crowhurst, Simon J; Jaccard, Samuel L; Charles, Christopher D (2018): Past carbonate preservation events in the deep Southeast Atlantic Ocean (Cape Basin) and their implications for Atlantic overturning dynamics and marine carbon cycling. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(6), 643-663, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003353
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Micropaleontological and geochemical analyses reveal distinct millennial-scale increases in carbonate preservation in the deep Southeast Atlantic (Cape Basin) during strong and prolonged Greenland interstadials that are superimposed on long-term (orbital-scale) changes in carbonate burial. These data suggest carbonate oversaturation of the deep Atlantic and a strengthened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the most intense Greenland interstadials. However, proxy evidence from outside the Cape Basin indicate that AMOC changes also occurred during weaker and shorter Greenland interstadials. Here we revisit the link between AMOC dynamics and carbonate saturation in the deep Cape Basin over the last 400 kyr (sediment cores TN057-21, TN057-10 and ODP Site 1089) by reconstructing centennial changes in carbonate preservation using mm-scale X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning data. We observe close agreement between variations in XRF Ca/Ti, sedimentary carbonate content and foraminiferal shell fragmentation, reflecting a common control primarily through changing deep-water carbonate saturation. We suggest that the high-frequency (sub-orbital) component of the XRF Ca/Ti records indicates the fast and recurrent redistribution of carbonate ions in the Atlantic basin via the AMOC during both long/strong- and short/weak North Atlantic climate anomalies. In contrast, the low-frequency (orbital) XRF Ca/Ti component is interpreted to reflect slow adjustments through carbonate compensation, and/or changes in the deep-ocean respired carbon content. Our findings emphasize the recurrent influence of rapid AMOC variations on the marine carbonate system during past glacial periods, providing a mechanism for transferring the impacts of North Atlantic climate anomalies to the global carbon cycle via the Southern Ocean.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 50
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    Late Miocene alkenone unsaturation data, age models, and regional stacks of alkenones (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Herbert, Timothy D; Lawrence, Kira T; Tzanova, Alexandrina; Peterson, Laura C; Caballero-Gill, Rocio P; Kelly, Christopher S (2016): Late Miocene global cooling and the rise of modern ecosystems. Nature Geoscience, 9(11), 843-847, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2813
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-18
    Description: During the late Miocene epoch, about seven million years ago, large areas of the continents experienced drying, enhanced seasonality, and a restructuring of terrestrial plant and animal communities. These changes are seen throughout the subtropics, but have typically been attributed to regional tectonic forcing. Here we present a set of globally distributed sea surface temperature records spanning the past 12 million years based on the alkenone unsaturation method. We find that a sustained late Miocene cooling occurred synchronously in both hemispheres, and culminated with ocean temperatures dipping to near-modern values between about 7 and 5.4 million years ago. The period of maximum cooling coincides with evidence for transient glaciations in the Northern Hemisphere and with a steepening of the pole-to-equator temperature gradient, as well. We thus infer that late Miocene aridity and terrestrial ecosystem changes occurred in a global context of increasing meridional temperature gradients. We conclude that a global forcing mechanism, such as the previously hypothesized decline in atmospheric CO2 levels between eight and six million years ago, is required to explain the late Miocene changes in temperature, climate and ecosystems.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 51
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    Oligocene stable isotope record and calcareous nannofossils of IODP Site 208-1264 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Liebrand, Diederik; Raffi, Isabella; Fraguas, Ángela; Laxenaire, Rémi; Bosmans, Joyce H C; Hilgen, Frederik J; Wilson, Paul A; Batenburg, Sietske J; Beddow, Helen M; Bohaty, Steven M; Bown, Paul R; Crocker, Anya J; Huck, Claire E; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Sabia, Luciana (2018): Orbitally Forced Hyperstratification of the Oligocene South Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(5), 511-529, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017PA003222
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Pelagic sediments from the subtropical South Atlantic Ocean contain geographically extensive Oligocene ooze and chalk layers that consist almost entirely of the calcareous nannofossil Braarudosphaera. Poor recovery and the lack of precise dating of these horizons in previous studies has limited our understanding of the exact number of acmes, their timing and durations, and the causes of their recurrence. Here we present a high-resolution, astronomically tuned stratigraphy of Braarudosphaera oozes (29.5-27.9 Ma) from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1264 in the subtropical southeastern Atlantic Ocean. We identify seven acme events in the Braarudosphaera abundance record. The longest lasting acme event corresponds to a strong minimum in the ~2.4-My eccentricity cycle, and four acme events coincide with ~110-ky and 405-ky eccentricity maxima. We propose that eccentricity-modulated precession forcing of the freshwater budget of the South Atlantic Ocean resulted in the episodic formation of a shallow pycnocline and hyperstratification of the upper water column. We speculate that stratified surface water conditions may have served as a virtual sea floor, which facilitated the widespread Braarudosphaera acmes. This explanation reconciles the contrasting distribution patterns of Braarudosphaera in the modern ocean, limited largely to shallow water coastal settings, compared to their relatively brief and expanded oceanic distribution in the past.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 52
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    ACROSS Strong Motion Network in Central Asia (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Earthquake Early Warning and Rapid Response Systems (EEWRRS) should be a viable complement to other disaster risk reduction strategies, particularly in economically developing countries. The „Early Warning and Impact Forecasting“ group (GFZ, section 2.6) is actively involved in the development of novel strategies to develop scientific and technological solutions that may be efficiently applied in countries with limited resources. The proposed solution includes a risk estimation module that extracts from a portfolio of precomputed impact scenarios those matching the characterization of the event detected by an optimized real-time monitoring network. The real-time network integrates both local, on-site components based on low-cost, smart sensor platforms, as well as regional, sparse strong-motion stations. This hybrid solution allows for the optimization of the lead-time and is tailored to the seismotectonic features of the considered region. A prototype EEWRR System is being developed for the Kyrgyz Republic, with the support of the partner CAIAG and in collaboration with the Ministry of Emergency Solutions of the Government of the Kyrygz Republic (MES). Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code AD.
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology ; seismic noise ; earthquakes ; seismic hazard ; broad band ; velocity ; displacement ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: 〉1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 53
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    Building Monitoring and Decentralized on-site Earthquake Early Warning network, Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Building monitoring and decentralized, on-site Earthquake Early Warning system for the Kyrgyz capital Bishkek. Several low cost sensors equipped with MEMS accelerometers have been installed in eleven buildings within the urban area of the city. The different sensing units communicate with each other via wireless links and the seismic data are streamed in real-time to data centres at GFZ and the Central Asian Institute for Applied Geoscience (CAIAG) using internet. Since each sensing unit has its own computing capabilities, software for data processing can be installed to perform decentralised actions. In particular, each sensing unit can perform event detection tasks and run software for on-site early warning. If a description for the vulnerability of the building is uploaded to the sensing unit, this can be exploited to introduce the expected probability of damage in the early-warning protocol customized for a specific structure. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code KD.
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology ; seismic noise ; earthquakes ; seismic hazard ; broad band ; velocity ; displacement ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: 〉1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 54
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    MI-DAM - MultI-parameter monitoring and real-time risk assessment of hydroelectric DAMs in the Kyrgyz Republic (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The MI-DAM project will develop a robust, low-cost, and adaptable system that includes an early warning element and time-variable fragility functions. The system will continuously monitor the health of hydroelectric dams and the surrounding slopes, undertake on-site processing of recordings by multi-parameter sensors, and forward the most relevant information to response centers (e.g., civil protection). As an example, the project will focus on the Toktogul dam in Central Kyrgyzstan. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 1M, and is embargoed until Aug 2024.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: .mseed
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  • 55
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    DESTRESS - Demonstration of soft stimulation treatments of geothermal reservoirs (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: DESTRESS is a Horizon-2020 supported project (Topic: Demonstration of renewable electricity and heating/cooling technologies) that is concerned with creating EGS (enhanced geothermal systems) for the more economical, sustainable and environmentally responsible exploitation of underground heat. The international consortium, representing academic, geothermal sites and industry, will utilize the latest developments in the use of hydraulic, chemical and thermal treatments for enhancing the productivity of geothermal reservoirs, with considerable interaction with various interests groups and the thorough assessment of the associated risk, in particular that associated with induced seismicity. The GFZ workgroup "Early warning and Impact Forecasting" is involved in the exposure modelling, vulnerability analysis and building monitoring of communities near geothermal production facilities, making use of tools developed both in previous and ongoing projects. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 2D, and are embargoed until Aug 2024.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
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  • 56
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    TIPTIMON (Tien Shan-Pamir Monitoring Program) AFGHANISTAN 2 (2018)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Pamir-Hindu Kush region of Tajikistan and NE Afghanistan stands out due to its worldwide unique zone of intense intermediate depth seismicity, accommodating frequent Mw 7+ earthquakes with hypocenters reaching down to 250 km depth. With this network we aim to collect data allowing to characterize the active deformation within the Hindu Kush mountains and the Tajik-Afghan basin at the northwestern tip of the India-Asia collision zone. The network consists 15 sites (14 stations in Afghanistan, 1 station in Tajikistan), situated on top of the nest of intermediate depth seismicity and further west in the Afghan platform. The stations are equipped with short period Mark seismometers and Cube data recorders. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 4C, and are embargoed until 2023. After the end of embargo, data will be openly available under CC-BY 4.0 license according to GIPP-rules.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
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  • 57
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    Synchronizing early Eocene deep-sea and continental records from the Bighorn Basin Coring Project (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Westerhold, Thomas; Röhl, Ursula; Wilkens, Roy H; Gingerich, Philip D; Clyde, William C; Wing, Scott L; Bowen, Gabriel J; Kraus, Mary J (2018): Synchronizing early Eocene deep-sea and continental records - cyclostratigraphic age models for the Bighorn Basin Coring Project drill cores. Climate of the Past, 14(3), 303-319, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-303-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A consistent chronostratigraphic framework is required to understand the effect of major paleoclimate perturbations on both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Transient global warming events in the early Eocene, 56-54 Ma ago, show the impact of large scale carbon input into the ocean-atmosphere system. Here we provide the first time-scale synchronization of continental and marine deposits spanning the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and the interval just prior to the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2). Cyclic variations in geochemical data come from continental drill cores of the Bighorn Basin Coring Project (BBCP, Wyoming, USA) and from marine deep-sea drilling deposits retrieved by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). Both are dominated by eccentricity modulated precession cycles used to construct a common cyclostratigraphic framework. Integration of age models results in a revised astrochronology for the PETM in deep-sea records that is now generally consistent with independent 3He age models. The duration of the PETM is estimated at ~200 kyr for the CIE and ~120 kyr for the associated pelagic clay layer. A common terrestrial and marine age model shows a concurrent major change in marine and terrestrial biotas ~200 kyr before ETM-2. In the Bighorn Basin, the change is referred to as Biohorizon B, and represents a period of significant mammalian turnover and immigration, separating the upper Haplomylus-Ectocion Range Zone from the Bunophorus Interval Zone and approximating the Wa-4-Wa-5 land mammal zone boundary. In sediments from ODP Site 1262 (Walvis Ridge), major changes in the biota at this time are documented by the radiation of a "2nd generation" of apical spine-bearing sphenoliths species (e.g., S. radians and S. editus), the emergence of T. orthostylus, and the marked decline of D. multiradiatus.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 11 datasets
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  • 58
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    (Supplement) CODD individual core images, revised offsets and splice intervals of ODP Site 154-929 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Wilkens, Roy H; Westerhold, Thomas; Drury, Anna Joy; Lyle, Mitchell W; Gorgas, T J; Tian, Jun (2017): Revisiting the Ceara Rise, equatorial Atlantic Ocean: isotope stratigraphy of ODP Leg 154 from 0 to 5 Ma. Climate of the Past, 13(7), 779-793, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-779-2017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: These files contain individual core images generated from core box photos using the Code for Ocean Drilling Data (CODD) software set. There are PNG images with mcd depth scales attached for use in graphics programs as well as scaled Igor binary images for use with CODD. MCD depths are from the offsets.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 50 datasets
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  • 59
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    Reinforcing the North Atlantic backbone: revision and extension of the composite splice at ODP Site 982 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Drury, Anna Joy; Westerhold, Thomas; Hodell, David A; Röhl, Ursula (2018): Reinforcing the North Atlantic backbone: revision and extension of the composite splice at ODP Site 982. Climate of the Past, 14(3), 321-338, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-321-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Ocean Drilling Programme (ODP) Site 982 represents a key location for understanding the evolution of climate in the North Atlantic over the past 12 Ma. However, concerns exist about the validity and robustness of the underlying stratigraphy and astrochronology, which currently limits the adequacy of this site for high-resolution climate studies. To resolve this uncertainty, we verify and extend the early Pliocene to late Miocene shipboard composite splice at Site 982 using high-resolution XRF core scanning data and establish a robust high-resolution stable isotope stratigraphy and astrochronology between 4.5 and 8.0 Ma. Splice revisions and verifications resulted in ~11 m of gaps in the original Site 982 isotope stratigraphy. Our new stratigraphy reveals previously unseen benthic d18O excursions, particularly prior to 6.65 Ma. The benthic d18O record displays distinct, asymmetric cycles between 7.7 and 6.65 Ma, confirming that high-latitude climate is a prevalent forcing during this interval. An intensification of the 41-kyr beat in both the benthic d13C and d18O is also observed ~6.4 Ma, marking a strengthening in the cryosphere-carbon cycle coupling. A large ~0.7 per mil double excursion is revealed ~6.4-6.3 Ma, which also marks the onset an interval of average higher d18O and large precession and obliquity-dominated d18O excursions between 6.4-5.4 Ma, coincident with the culmination of the late Miocene cooling. The two largest benthic d18O excursions ~6.4-6.3 Ma and TG20/22 coincide with the coolest alkenone-derived SST estimates from Site 982, suggesting a strong connection between the late Miocene global cooling and deep-sea cooling and dynamic ice sheet expansion. The splice revisions and revised astrochronology resolve key stratigraphic issues that have hampered correlation between Site 982, the equatorial Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Comparisons of the revised Site 982 stratigraphy to high-resolution astronomically tuned benthic d18O stratigraphies from ODP Site 926 (equatorial Atlantic) and Ain el Beida (north western Morocco) show that prior inconsistencies in short-term excursions are now resolved. The identification of key new cycles at Site 982 further highlights the requirement for the current scheme for late Miocene marine isotope stages to be redefined. Our new integrated deep-sea benthic stable isotope stratigraphy and astrochronology from Site 982 will facilitate future high-resolution late Miocene to early Pliocene climate research.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 13 datasets
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  • 60
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    Table S48 - Comparison of durations of magnetochrons in million years including uncertainties in magnetic anomaly width (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/pdf, 144.8 kBytes
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  • 61
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    Astronomical Calibration of the Ypresian Time Scale (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Westerhold, Thomas; Röhl, Ursula; Frederichs, Thomas; Agnini, Claudia; Raffi, Isabella; Zachos, James C; Wilkens, Roy H (2017): Astronomical calibration of the Ypresian timescale: implications for seafloor spreading rates and the chaotic behavior of the solar system? Climate of the Past, 13, 1129-1152, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1129-2017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: This is the full dataset for the manuscript Astronomical calibration of the Ypresian timescale: implications for seafloor spreading rates and the chaotic behavior of the solar system? by Westerhold, T., Röhl, U., Frederichs, T., Agnini, C., Raffi, I., Zachos, J. C., and Wilkens, R. H. published in Climate of the Past, 13, 1129-1152, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1129-2017, 2017. It contains 48 tables with XRF core scanning data, bulk and benthic stable isotope data compiled, raw inclination-declination-intensity data, Paleomagnetic interpretation, magnetostratigraphy, calcareous nanofossil events, mapping pairs for correlation of different hole in a drill site, tie points to correlated between drill sites for ODP Sites 1258, 1262, 1263, 1265, 1267 (Tables S1-44). Tables S45 to 48 contain a combined magnetostratigraphy, a 405-kyr tuning age model, tie points for a detailed astronomical age model, and comparison of magnetochron durations.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 47 datasets
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  • 62
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    Planktic and benthic boron and carbon isotopes from ODP sites 121-758, 165-999, 154-926 and 122-761 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Greenop, Rosanna; Hain, Mathis P; Sosdian, Sindia M; Oliver, Kevin I C; Goodwin, Philip; Chalk, Thomas B; Lear, Caroline H; Wilson, Paul A; Foster, Gavin L (2017): A record of Neogene seawate d11B reconstructed from paired d11B analyses on benthic and planktic foraminifera. Climate of the Past, 13(2), 149-170, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-149-2017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The boron isotope composition (d11B) of planktic foraminiferal calcite, which reflects seawater pH, is a well-established proxy for reconstructing palaeo-atmospheric CO2 and seawater carbonate chemistry. However, to translate d11B measurements determined in calcareous fossils into pH we need to know the boron isotope composition of the parent seawater (d11Bsw). While a number of d11Bsw reconstructions exist, the discrepancies between them reveals uncertainties and deficiencies that need to be addressed. Here we present a new d11Bsw record based on the d11B difference between planktic and benthic foraminifera and an estimate of the pH gradient between surface and deep water. We then calculate d11Bsw two different ways. One variant of our method assumes that the pH gradient between surface and deep has remained the same as today over the past 23 Ma; the other uses the d13C gradient between surface and deep to represent change in the pH gradient through time. The results of these two methods of calculating d11Bsw are broadly consistency with each other, however, based on extensive carbon cycle modelling using CYCLOPS and GENIE we favour the d13C gradient method. In our favoured d11Bsw reconstruction, d11Bsw is around 2 per mil lower than today at ~37.5 per mil during the early and middle Miocene and increases to the modern value (39.61 per mil) by ~5 Ma. A similar pattern of change is evident in the seawater composition of three other stable isotope systems, Mg, Li and Ca. Concurrent shifts in the seawater isotopic composition of all four of these elements during the late Miocene, suggest a common forcing mechanism. We hypothesise the most likely cause of these shifts is a change in the isotopic composition of the riverine input, potentially driven by an increase in secondary mineral formation since ~15 Ma.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 63
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    Rare earth elements and Neodymium isotopic analysis from ODP Site 130-807 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Le Houedec, Sandrine; Meynadier, Laure M; Allègre, Claude J (2016): Seawater Nd isotope variation in the Western Pacific Ocean since 80Ma (ODP 807, Ontong Java Plateau). Marine Geology, 380, 138-147, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2016.07.005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: This study reports neodymium isotopic (e-Nd) variability at a time resolution of 0.5 to 3 Ma since the Late Cretaceous as recorded in a marine sedimentary core from the Western Pacific (ODP 807; 3°36'N, 156°3?E; Ontong Java Plateau). Our core is mainly fine-grained and composed of continuous sequences of nannofossil oozes. The e-Nd measured in the carbonate fraction was used as a proxy of e-Nd of seawater of the Western Pacific. On a long term, our results indicate a general increase in e-Nd of seawater by 4.5 e-Nd units from the Late Cretaceous (e-Nd = - 6) to modern times (e-Nd = - 1.7). This pattern was related to the emergence of the West Pacific margin and the progressive isolation of the Pacific Ocean from the other oceanic basins, resulting in its progressive shift to more radiogenic values through the Cenozoic. This long-term pattern is in accordance with previously published Fe-Mn crusts data from the same study area. Nonetheless, by being at higher time resolution, our data records additional sharp and pseudo-cyclic variations (~ 7?11 Ma periods) superimposed on this long-term pattern from ~ 40 Ma to modern times. These oscillations might reflect the alternating dominance of the two main deep water masses (NPDW and UCDW) bathing our study area. In the same core, we also measured the e-Nd in the detrital fraction in order to trace back the local terrigenous inputs. The terrigenous record shows a significant variability up to + 12 e-Nd units. This was linked to the emergence of the west Pacific subduction zone ~ 50 Ma ago causing a higher input of radiogenic isotopes. In conclusion, the large variability observed in both seawater and detrital e-Nd records most probably result from a major tectonic and oceanic circulation reorganization of the Pacific Ocean.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 64
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    Tropical SSTs over the past 3.5 million years (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Herbert, Timothy D; Peterson, Laura C; Lawrence, Kira T; Liu, Zhonghui (2010): Tropical Ocean Temperatures Over the Past 3.5 Million Years. Science, 328(5985), 1530-1534, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185435
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Determining the timing and amplitude of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) change is an important part of solving the puzzle of the Plio-Pleistocene ice ages. Alkenone-based tropical SST records from the major ocean basins show coherent glacial-interglacial temperature changes of 1° to 3°C that align with (but slightly lead) global changes in ice volume and deep ocean temperature over the past 3.5 million years. Tropical temperatures became tightly coupled with benthic d18O and orbital forcing after 2.7 million years. We interpret the similarity of tropical SST changes, in dynamically dissimilar regions, to reflect "top-down" forcing through the atmosphere. The inception of a strong carbon dioxide-greenhouse gas feedback and amplification of orbital forcing at ~2.7 million years ago connected the fate of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets with global ocean temperatures since that time.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 65
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    Elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evidences of the residual fractions from ODP Hole 195-1202B (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Dou, Yanguang; Yang, Shouye; Shi, Xuefa; Clift, Peter D; Liu, Shengfa; Liu, Jihua; Li, Chao; Bi, Lei; Zhao, Yun (2016): Provenance weathering and erosion records in southern Okinawa Trough sediments since 28ka: Geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic evidences. Chemical Geology, 425, 93-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.029
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of the detrital sediments from ODP Hole 1202B and Taiwan rivers were measured in this study, aiming to reveal changes in sediment provenance in the southern Okinawa Trough (SOT) since 28 ka, and to examine the weathering and sediment transport processes in response to monsoon climate variability. Large variations in Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic ratios at 11?9 ka suggest changes in detrital sediment provenance in the SOT from a dominance of the paleo-Changjiang (Yangtze River) and/or continental shelf sediment during the late deglaciation and to west Taiwan rivers since 9.5 ka. Volcanic rocks and eastern Taiwan sediments have not significantly contributed to the SOT. The large shift in sediment provenance during the early Holocene marks a major change in oceanic circulation, mainly caused by the intrusion of the Kuroshio Current into the trough. Clay mineral and geochemical proxies suggest that the Taiwan-derived sediments accumulated during the early-mid ?Holocene climate optimum? (ca. 9.5-4 ka) might be tightly related to the reworking of older altered sediments from terraces and floodplains, rather than having experienced more intense silicate weathering than in the late Holocene (~ 4-0 ka). Overall, silicate weathering in Taiwan was greatly inhibited by accelerating sediment production and transfer from land to ocean caused by monsoon intensification in Holocene. Our study illustrates that the radiogenic isotopic and geochemical compositions of fine-grained detrital sediments are sensitive tools for fingerprinting sediment sources and for reconstructing changes in oceanic currents and monsoon climate in river-dominated East Asian continental margin.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 66
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    Organic biomarker records and dinoflagellate cyst concentrations from the Pliocene to earliest Quaternary of ODP Site 907, Iceland Sea (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Clotten, Caroline; Stein, Ruediger; Fahl, Kirsten; De Schepper, Stijn (2018): Seasonal sea ice cover during the warm Pliocene: Evidence from the Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 481, 61-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Sea ice is a critical component in the Arctic and global climate system, yet little is known about its extent and variability during past warm intervals, such as the Pliocene (5.33-2.58 Ma). Here, we present the first multi-proxy (IP25, sterols, alkenones, palynology) sea ice reconstructions for the Late Pliocene Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907). Our interpretation of a seasonal sea ice cover with occasional ice-free intervals between 3.50-3.00 Ma is supported by reconstructed alkenone-based summer sea surface temperatures. As evidenced from brassicasterol and dinosterol, primary productivity was low between 3.50 and 3.00 Ma and the site experienced generally oligotrophic conditions. The East Greenland Current (and East Icelandic Current) may have transported sea ice into the Iceland Sea and/or brought cooler and fresher waters favoring local sea ice formation. Between 3.00 and 2.40 Ma, the Iceland Sea is mainly sea ice-free, but seasonal sea ice occurred between 2.81 and 2.74 Ma. Sea ice extending into the Iceland Sea at this time may have acted as a positive feedback for the build-up of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS), which underwent a major expansion ~2.75 Ma. Thereafter, most likely a stable sea ice edge developed close to Greenland, possibly changing together with the expansion and retreat of the GIS and affecting the productivity in the Iceland Sea.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 67
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    Inorganic geochemical; organic carbon isotope and palynological dataset from Cenomanian-Turonian cores from SW Texas and Demerara Rise (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Eldrett, James S; Dodsworth, P; Bergman, Steven; Wright, Milly; Minisini, Daniel (2017): Water-mass evolution in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America and equatorial Atlantic. Climate of the Past, 13(7), 855-878, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-855-2017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: new data on the main components of organic matter, inorganic geochemistry, and stable isotopes along a north-south transect from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway (Portland-1 Colorado; Iona-1; Innes-1; Well X; Bouldin Creek outcrop - Eagle Ford Group, SW Texas, USA) and to the equatorial western Atlantic (ODP Sites 1260 and 1261) and Southern Ocean (ODP Site 1138)
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 20 datasets
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  • 68
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    Neodymium isotope, stable isotope and radiocarbon data from ODP Site 154-929 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Howe, Jacob N W; Piotrowski, Alexander M (2017): Atlantic deep water provenance decoupled from atmospheric CO2 concentration during the lukewarm interglacials. Nature Communications, 8(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01939-w
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Authigenic neodymium isotopes, benthic foraminiferal stable isotopes and radiocarbon dates from ODP 929 in the deep equatorial western Atlantic Ocean.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 69
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    Late Lutetian Thermal Maximum - crossing a thermal threshold in Earth's climate system? (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Westerhold, Thomas; Röhl, Ursula; Donner, Barbara; Frederichs, Thomas; Kordesch, Wendy E C; Bohaty, Steven M; Hodell, David A; Laskar, Jacques; Zeebe, Richard E (2018): Late Lutetian thermal maximum-crossing a thermal threshold in earth's climate system? Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 19(1), 73-82, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007240
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-13
    Description: Recognizing and deciphering transient global warming events triggered by massive release of carbon into Earth's ocean-atmosphere climate system in the past are important for understanding climate under elevated pCO2 conditions. Here we present new high-resolution geochemical records including benthic foraminiferal stable isotope data with clear evidence of a short-lived (30 kyr) warming event at 41.52 Ma. The event occurs in the late Lutetian within magnetochron C19r and is characterized by a ~2°C warming of the deep ocean in the southern South Atlantic. The magnitudes of the carbon and oxygen isotope excursions of the Late Lutetian Thermal Maximum are comparable to the H2 event (53.6 Ma) suggesting a similar response of the climate system to carbon cycle perturbations even in an already relatively cooler climate several million years after the Early Eocene Climate Optimum. Coincidence of the event with exceptionally high insolation values in the Northern Hemisphere at 41.52 Ma might indicate that Earth's climate system has a thermal threshold. When this tipping point is crossed, rapid positive feedback mechanisms potentially trigger transient global warming. The orbital configuration in this case could have caused prolonged warm and dry season leading to a massive release of terrestrial carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system initiating environmental change.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 12 datasets
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  • 70
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    Sarez Pamir aftershock seismic network (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Sarez Pamir aftershock seismic network was installed two months after the 7 December 2015, Mw7.2 Sarez Pamir earthquake in the eastern Pamir highland of Tajikistan. In the first recording period until September 2016, the stations were distributed along the Sarez-Karakul fault system. In September 2016 part of the stations were moved into the southern Pamir. In total the network consisted of eight stations on 13 sites, equipped with broad band, 3-component seismometers of type Trillium Compact. The data were recorded using Earth Data recorders (EDR), recording was continuous at a sample rate of 100Hz.The principal aim of the network was to record the aftershock sequence of the Sarez earthquake and to augment the coeval East Pamir China seismic network and the earlier TIPAGE and TIPTIMON seismic networks. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 9H, and are embargoed until January 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~90G
    Format: .mseed
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    DATA GFZ
  • 71
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    East Pamir Network (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The East Pamir seismic network was located on the eastern flank of the Pamir highlands and the in the foreland of the adjacent Tarim Basin of western China. It was in operation between August 2015 and May 2017 and consisted of 30 broad band, 3-component seismometers of type Güralp CMG-3ESP or Nanometrics Trillium 120. The data were recorded using Earth Data PS6-24 "EDL" recorders, continuously at a sample rate of 100Hz, with an average station distance of ~20km. The network was designed to augment the earlier TIPAGE and TIPTIMON seismic networks.The principal aim of the network was to characterize the current deformation field in the region. It further recorded the 2015 M7.2 Sarez earthquake. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 8H, and are embargoed until January 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~600G
    Format: .mseed
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    DATA GFZ
  • 72
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    East Pollino Experiment, Southern Italy (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The aim of this temporary experiment is to monitor the interaction between crustal fluids and earthquake occurrence. Two sites have been initially investigated: one is in the eastern sector of the Pollino mountain range, located at the border of Southern Apennines chain and Calabrian arc and the other is Mefite d'Ansanto moffete, one of the largest non-volcanic CO_2 emission in the world and located in Irpinia area, in the southern Apennines. The seismicity in the eastern sector of the Pollino range is very low except for a deep (〉20km) earthquake swarm which started in the middle of September 2017 and lasted for some weeks with events up to Ml=2.7. The Mefite d'Ansanto site sits at the northern end of the northern fault activated by the M_w 6.8 Irpinia earthquake in 1980 and in the well-known thermal anomaly area of the Mt. Forcuso. A ~10km radius area around Mefite steems out for a very low seismicity rate compared with the high seismicity activity of this portion of Southern Apennines. In the frame of a long-term collaborative efforts made by the German Research Centre for Geoscience (GFZ) and the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) in the Pollino area a temporary network has been deployed to analyze the low earthquakes rate, the seismogenic structures and a possible signature of interaction with fluids redistribution within the crust. The temporary network consists of 3 seismic stations equipped with Trillium compact 120 sec. sensors and DCube digitizers using also CCube modules for real time data transmission. One single station with similar hardware has been used also to monitor the Mefite d'Ansanto in the Irpinia area with similar aim. Data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code YZ, and is embargoed until three years after the end of the experiments.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1600MB/month
    Format: .mseed
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    DATA GFZ
  • 73
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    The Swath-D Seismic Network in Italy and Austria (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-31
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The SWATH-D experiment is dense deployment of 154 seismic stations in the Central and Eastern Alps between Italy and Austria, complementing the larger-scale sparser AlpArray Seismic Network (AASN). SWATH-D will provide high resolution images from the surface into the upper mantle, and allow observations of local seismicity. SWATH-D focuses on a key area of the Alps where the hypothesized flip in subduction polarity has been suggested, and where an earlier seismic profile (TRANSALP) has imaged a jump in the Moho. Where mains power is available (at ca. 80 sites) stations are providing realtime data via the cellphone network and are equipped with Güralp CMG-3EPSC (60s) seismometers and Earth Data Recorders EDR-210. The rest of the stations are offline and consist mainly of Nanometrics Trillium Compact (120s) and Güralp CMG-3EPSC (60s) seismometers equipped with either Omnirecs CUBE3 or PR6-24 Earth Data Loggers. All stations are equipped with external GPS antennas and the sampling rate is 100 Hz (Heit, et al., 2018). The network will operate for 2 years starting in July 2017. The Swath-D data will be used directly by 20 individual proposals of the MB-4D Priority Program (Mountain Building Processes in Four Dimensions, 2017) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) and data products derived from it will contribute to additional 13 proposals. SWATH-D is thus an important link between the MB-4D Priority Program and the international AlpArray communities and a scientific service to many of the proposals within the DFG Priority Program. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code ZS, and are embargoed until August 2023. After the end of embargo, data will be openly available under CC-BY 4.0 license according to GIPP-rules.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLING 〉 DATA SEARCH AND RETRIEVAL ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLING 〉 ARCHIVING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 PLATE TECTONICS ; seismology
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
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  • 74
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    Zircons, isotope ratios and element analyses from tonalite and oxide gabbro of the mid-ocean ridge from ODP Hole 176-735B (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rioux, Matthew; Bowring, Samuel A; Cheadle, Michael J; John, Barbara E (2015): Evidence for initial excess 231Pa in mid-ocean ridge zircons. Chemical Geology, 397, 143-156, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.01.011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A limiting factor in the accuracy and precision of U/Pb zircon dates is accurate correction for initial disequilibrium in the 238U and 235U decay chains. The longest-lived-and therefore most abundant-intermediate daughter product in the 235U isotopic decay chain is 231Pa (T1/2 = 32.71 ka), and the partitioning behavior of Pa in zircon is not well constrained. Here we report high-precision thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) U-Pb zircon data from two samples from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 735B, which show evidence for incorporation of excess 231Pa during zircon crystallization. The most precise analyses from the two samples have consistent Th-corrected 206Pb/238U dates with weighted means of 11.9325 ± 0.0039 Ma (n = 9) and 11.920 ± 0.011 Ma (n = 4), but distinctly older 207Pb/235U dates that vary from 12.330 ± 0.048 Ma to 12.140 ± 0.044 Ma and 12.03 ± 0.24 to 12.40 ± 0.27 Ma, respectively. If the excess 207Pb is due to variable initial excess 231Pa, calculated initial (231Pa)/(235U) activity ratios for the two samples range from 5.6 ± 1.0 to 9.6 ± 1.1 and 3.5 ± 5.2 to 11.4 ± 5.8. The data from the more precisely dated sample yields estimated DPazircon/DUzircon from 2.2-3.8 and 5.6-9.6, assuming (231Pa)/(235U) of the melt equal to the global average of recently erupted mid-ocean ridge basaltic glasses or secular equilibrium, respectively. High precision ID-TIMS analyses from nine additional samples from Hole 735B and nearby Hole 1105A suggest similar partitioning. The lower range of DPazircon/DUzircon is consistent with ion microprobe measurements of 231Pa in zircons from Holocene and Pleistocene rhyolitic eruptions (Schmitt (2007; doi:10.2138/am.2007.2449) and Schmitt (2011; doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-040610-133330)). The data suggest that 231Pa is preferentially incorporated during zircon crystallization over a range of magmatic compositions, and excess initial 231Pa may be more common in zircons than acknowledged. The degree of initial disequilibrium in the 235U decay chain suggested by the data from this study, and other recent high precision datasets, leads to resolvable discordance in high precision dates of Cenozoic to Mesozoic zircons. Minor discordance in zircons of this age may therefore reflect initial excess 231Pa and does not require either inheritance or Pb loss.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 75
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    Utility of thallium and geochemical analysis of Mariana arc sediments from ODP Hole 129-801A and 129-801B (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Prytulak, Julie; Nielsen, Sune G; Plank, Terry; Barker, M; Elliott, T (2013): Assessing the utility of thallium and thallium isotopes for tracing subduction zone inputs to the Mariana arc. Chemical Geology, 345, 139-149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.03.003
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We provide the first exploration of thallium (Tl) abundances and stable isotope compositions as potential tracers during arc lava genesis. We present a case study of lavas from the Central Island Province (CIP) of the Mariana arc, supplemented by representative sedimentary and altered oceanic crust (AOC) inputs from ODP Leg 129 Hole 801 outboard of the Mariana trench. Given the large Tl concentration contrast between the mantle and subduction inputs coupled with previously published distinctive Tl isotope signatures of sediment and AOC, the Tl isotope system has great potential to distinguish different inputs to arc lavas. Furthermore, CIP lavas have well-established inter island variability, providing excellent context for the examination of Tl as a new stable isotope tracer. In contrast to previous work (Nielsen et al., 2006b), we do not observe Tl enrichment or light epsilon 205Tl (where epsilon 205Tl is the deviation in parts per 10,000 of a sample 205Tl/203Tl ratio compared to NIST SRM 997 Tl standard) in the Jurassic-aged altered mafic ocean crust subducting outboard of the Marianas (epsilon 205Tl = - 4.4 to 0). The lack of a distinctive epsilon 205Tl signature may be related to secular changes in ocean chemistry. Sediments representative of the major lithologies from ODP Hole Leg 129 801 have 1-2 orders of magnitude of Tl enrichment compared to the CIP lavas, but do not record heavy signatures (epsilon 205Tl = - 3.0 to + 0.4), as previously found in similar sediment types (epsilon 205Tl 〉 + 2.5; Rehkämper et al., 2004). We find a restricted range of epsilon 205Tl = - 1.8 to - 0.4 in CIP lavas, which overlaps with MORB. One lava from Guguan falls outside this range with epsilon 205Tl = + 1.2. Coupled Cs, Tl and Pb systematics of Guguan lavas suggests that this heavy Tl isotope composition may be due to preferential degassing of isotopically light Tl. In general, the low Tl concentrations and limited isotopic range in the CIP lavas is likely due to the unexpectedly narrow range of epsilon 205Tl found in Mariana subduction inputs, coupled with volcaniclastic, rather than pelagic sediment as the dominant source of Tl. Much work remains to better understand the controls on Tl processing through a subduction zone. For example, Tl could be retained in residual phengite, offering the potential exploration of Cs/Tl ratios as a slab thermometer. However, data for Tl partitioning in phengite (and other micas) is required before developing this application further. Establishing a database of Tl concentrations and stable isotopes in subduction zone lavas with different thermal parameters and sedimentary inputs is required for the future use of Tl as a subduction zone tracer.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 76
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    Orbital-resolution Pliocene-Pleistocene simulations of CO2, sea level, global temperature and benthic δ¹⁸O, and d11B-based proxy-CO2 data (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Stap, Lennert Bastiaan; de Boer, Bas; Ziegler, Martin; Bintanja, Richard; Lourens, Lucas Joost; van de Wal, Roderik S W (2016): CO2 over the past 5 million years: Continuous simulation and new d11B-based proxy data. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 439, 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.01.022
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: During the past five million yrs, benthic d18O records indicate a large range of climates, from warmer than today during the Pliocene Warm Period to considerably colder during glacials. Antarctic ice cores have revealed Pleistocene glacial-interglacial CO2 variability of 60-100 ppm, while sea level fluctuations of typically 125 m are documented by proxy data. However, in the pre-ice core period, CO2 and sea level proxy data are scarce and there is disagreement between different proxies and different records of the same proxy. This hampers comprehensive understanding of the long-term relations between CO2, sea level and climate. Here, we drive a coupled climate-ice sheet model over the past five million years, inversely forced by a stacked benthic d18O record. We obtain continuous simulations of benthic d18O, sea level and CO2 that are mutually consistent. Our model shows CO2 concentrations of 300 to 470 ppm during the Early Pliocene. Furthermore, we simulate strong CO2 variability during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. These features are broadly supported by existing and new d11B-based proxy CO2 data, but less by alkenone-based records. The simulated concentrations and variations therein are larger than expected from global mean temperature changes. Our findings thus suggest a smaller Earth System Sensitivity than previously thought. This is explained by a more restricted role of land ice variability in the Pliocene. The largest uncertainty in our simulation arises from the mass balance formulation of East Antarctica, which governs the variability in sea level, but only modestly affects the modeled CO2 concentrations.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 77
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    Foraminifer fragmentation counts and sand-size fraction across the K-Pg boundary (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Henehan, Michael J; Hull, Pincelli M; Penman, Donald E; Rae, James W B; Schmidt, Daniela N (2016): Biogeochemical significance of pelagic ecosystem function: an end-Cretaceous case study. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 371(1694), 20150510, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0510
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Pelagic ecosystem function is integral to global biogeochemical cycling, and plays a major role in modulating atmospheric CO2 concentrations (pCO2). Uncertainty as to the effects of human activities on marine ecosystem function hinders projection of future atmospheric pCO2. To this end, events in the geological past can provide informative case studies in the response of ecosystem function to environmental and ecological changes. Around the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary, two such events occurred: Deccan large igneous province (LIP) eruptions and massive bolide impact at the Yucatan Peninsula. Both perturbed the environment, but only the impact coincided with marine mass extinction. As such, we use these events to directly contrast the response of marine biogeochemical cycling to environmental perturbation with and without changes in global species richness. We measure this biogeochemical response using records of deep-sea carbonate preservation. We find that Late Cretaceous Deccan volcanism prompted transient deep-sea carbonate dissolution of a larger magnitude and timescale than predicted by geochemical models. Even so, the effect of volcanism on carbonate preservation was slight compared with bolide impact. Empirical records and geochemical models support a pronounced increase in carbonate saturation state for more than 500 000 years following the mass extinction of pelagic carbonate producers at the K-Pg boundary. These examples highlight the importance of pelagic ecosystems in moderating climate and ocean chemistry.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 78
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    Eocene-Oligocene sea surface temperature and pCO2 estimates (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Tremblin, Maxime; Hermoso, Michael; Minoletti, Fabrice (2016): Equatorial heat accumulation as a long-term trigger of permanent Antarctic ice sheets during the Cenozoic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(42), 11782-11787, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608100113
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The long-term cooling trend of the Cenozoic is punctuated by shorter-term climatic events, such as the inception of permanent ice sheets on Antarctica at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (~33.7 Ma). Taking advantage of the excellent state of preservation of coccolith calcite in equatorial Atlantic deep-sea cores, we unveil progressive tropical warming in the Atlantic Ocean initiated 4 million years prior to Antarctic glaciation. Warming preceding glaciation may appear counterintuitive, but we argue that this long-term climatic precursor to the EOT reinforced cooling of austral high latitudes via the redistribution of heat at the surface of the oceans. We discuss this new prominent paleoceanographic and climatic feature in the context of overarching pCO2 decline and the establishment of an Antarctic circumpolar current.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 79
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    The magnesium isotope composition of diagenetic dolomites from ODP Hole 112-685A and 201-1230A of the Peru Margin (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Mavromatis, Vasileios; Meister, Patrick; Oelkers, Eric H (2014): Using stable Mg isotopes to distinguish dolomite formation mechanisms: A case study from the Peru Margin. Chemical Geology, 385, 84-91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.019
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The magnesium isotope composition of diagenetic dolomites and their adjacent pore fluids were studied in a 250 m thick sedimentary section drilled into the Peru Margin during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 201 (Site 1230) and Leg 112 (Site 685). Previous studies revealed the presence of two types of dolomite: type I dolomite forms at ~ 6 m below seafloor (mbsf) due to an increase in alkalinity associated with anaerobic methane oxidation, and type II dolomite forms at focused sites below ~ 230 mbsf due to episodic inflow of deep-sourced fluids into an intense methanogenesis zone. The pore fluid delta 26Mg composition becomes progressively enriched in 26Mg with depth from values similar to seawater (i.e. -0.8 per mil, relative to DSM3 Mg reference material) in the top few meters below seafloor (mbsf) to 0.8 ± 0.2 per mil within the sediments located below 100 mbsf. Type I dolomites have a delta 26Mg of -3.5 per mil, and exhibit apparent dolomite-pore fluid fractionation factors of about -2.6 per mil consistent with previous studies of dolomite precipitation from seawater. In contrast, type II dolomites have delta 26Mg values ranging from -2.5 to -3.0 per mil and are up to -3.6 per mil lighter than the modern pore fluid Mg isotope composition. The enrichment of pore fluids in 26Mg and depletion in total Mg concentration below ~ 200 mbsf is likely the result of Mg isotope fractionation during dolomite formation, The 26Mg enrichment of pore fluids in the upper ~ 200 mbsf of the sediment sequence can be attributed to desorption of Mg from clay mineral surfaces. The obtained results indicate that Mg isotopes recorded in the diagenetic carbonate record can distinguish near surface versus deep formed dolomite demonstrating their usefulness as a paleo-diagenetic proxy.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 80
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    Tie points and goechemical analysis from different Holes of ODP Site 165-1002 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Riboulleau, A; Bout-Roumazeilles, Viviane; Tribovillard, N; Guillot, A; Recourt, P (2014): Testing provenance diagrams: Lessons from the well-constrained Cariaco Basin. Chemical Geology, 389, 91-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.09.015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The fine-grained sediments of the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, of the last 130 ky, whose deposition history is well characterized, were analyzed geochemically in order to test the validity of sediment bulk geochemistry as an indicator of detrital provenance. Several binary and ternary diagrams as well as the chemical index of alteration (CIA) were tested for their capacity to discriminate the poorly contrasted detrital sources to the Cariaco Basin, and to describe the temporal evolution of the contributions of these different sources. Most of the diagrams tested did not allow a good discrimination of sources or, when sources were well discriminated, did not allow an interpretation of the temporal variations consistent with the known history. A relatively good discrimination of sources and a consistent interpretation of temporal variations were however obtained using Hf vs. Th and La/Yb vs. Gd/Yb binary diagrams, as well as Ti-Zr-Th, Ti-Zr-La, and Lu-Hf-Th ternary diagrams. Compared to the previous studies of the detrital content of the Cariaco Basin sediments, the geochemical approach permitted the recognition of a sediment contribution eroded from the Unare platform and Gulf of Cariaco during rapid sea level oscillations, and the contribution of Saharan eolian particles during the Younger Dryas-Preboreal and MIS6-5 transition. The choice of plotted elements was determined after considering carrier minerals, so that different elements may be informative in different sedimentary contexts. Overall, mineral sorting during transport appears as a major limit to quantitative estimation of the different contributions. In particular mineral sorting leads to the selective enrichment of elements associated with clays (Al, Rb, Th and LREE) in sediments deposited in the basin. Unless the geochemical effect of mineral sorting can be measured, it appears that quantitative provenance analysis should be performed on fractions of similar grain size instead of bulk sediment.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 81
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    XRF scanning, revisited composite depth and age model of ODP Site 159-959 (1.8-6.2 Ma) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Vallé, Francesca; Westerhold, Thomas; Dupont, Lydie M (2016): Orbital-driven environmental changes recorded at ODP Site 959 (eastern equatorial Atlantic) from the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene. International Journal of Earth Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-016-1350-z
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: In this study, new high-resolution XRF data from ODP Site 959 (3°37'N, 2°44'W) have been used to investigate the relationship between paleoenvironmental changes in West Africa and sedimentation in the tropical east Atlantic Ocean. Fe intensity data have been used to build a 91 meter composite depth record that has been astronomically tuned allowing the development of a detailed age model from 6.2 to 1.8 Ma. Based on this new stratigraphy we studied the variations of Ti/Al, Ti/Ca and Al/Si ratios, proxies for aeolian vs. fluvial supply, as dust indicator and fine vs. coarse grain size, respectively. We discuss sedimentation patterns at ODP Site 959 associated to the environmental changes from the late Miocene until the early Pleistocene. During the interval corresponding to the earlier stages of the Messinian Salinity Crisis our proxy records indicate enhanced run-off from the West African continent and major supply of fine material at ODP Site 959, suggesting a stronger monsoon and increased precipitation during eccentricity minima. A long-term decrease of river supply is documented after 5.4 Ma towards the early Pleistocene. From the increased values and variability of Ti/Al ratios we suggest that after 3.8 Ma dust started to reach the study site probably as a result of the southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone during winter. Between 3.2 and 2.9 Ma ODP Site 959 Ti/Ca ratios exhibit three maxima corresponding to eccentricity maxima similarly to other dust records of northern Africa. This suggests continent-wide aridity or larger climate variability during that interval. Eccentricity forcing (405 kyr and 100 kyr) and precession frequencies are found in the entire studied interval. The variations of Ti/Al ratio suggest stronger seasonality between 5.8 and 5.5 Ma and after 3.2 Ma.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 82
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    Analysis and compound of carbon sequestration and serpentinization from the Iberian Margin and the Northern Apennine (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schwarzenbach, Esther; Frueh-Green, Gretchen L; Bernasconi, Stefano M; Alt, Jeffrey C; Plas, Alessio (2013): Serpentinization and carbon sequestration: A study of two ancient peridotite-hosted hydrothermal systems. Chemical Geology, 351, 115-133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.05.016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Fluid circulation in peridotite-hosted hydrothermal systems influences the incorporation of carbon into the oceanic crust and its long-term storage. At low to moderate temperatures, serpentinization of peridotite produces alkaline fluids that are rich in CH4 and H2. Upon mixing with seawater, these fluids precipitate carbonate, forming an extensive network of calcite veins in the basement rocks, while H2 and CH4 serve as an energy source for microorganisms. Here, we analyzed the carbon geochemistry of two ancient peridotite-hosted hydrothermal systems: 1) ophiolites cropping out in the Northern Apennines, and 2) calcite-veined serpentinites from the Iberian Margin (Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Legs 149 and 173), and compare them to active peridotite-hosted hydrothermal systems such as the Lost City hydrothermal field (LCHF) on the Atlantis Massif near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). Our results show that large amounts of carbonate are formed during serpentinization of mantle rocks exposed on the seafloor (up to 9.6 wt.% C in ophicalcites) and that carbon incorporation decreases with depth. In the Northern Apennine serpentinites, serpentinization temperatures decrease from 240 °C to 〈 150 °C, while carbonates are formed at temperatures decreasing from ~ 150 °C to 〈 50 °C. At the Iberian Margin both carbonate formation and serpentinization temperatures are lower than in the Northern Apennines with serpentinization starting at ~ 150 °C, followed by clay alteration at 〈 100 °C and carbonate formation at 〈 19-44 °C. Comparison with various active peridotite-hosted hydrothermal systems on the MAR shows that the serpentinites from the Northern Apennines record a thermal evolution similar to that of the basement of the LCHF and that tectonic activity on the Jurassic seafloor, comparable to the present-day processes leading to oceanic core complexes, probably led to formation of fractures and faults, which promoted fluid circulation to greater depth and cooling of the mantle rocks. Thus, our study provides further evidence that the Northern Apennine serpentinites host a paleo-stockwork of a hydrothermal system similar to the basement of the LCHF. Furthermore, we argue that the extent of carbonate uptake is mainly controlled by the presence of fluid pathways. Low serpentinization temperatures promote microbial activity, which leads to enhanced biomass formation and the storage of organic carbon. Organic carbon becomes dominant with increasing depth and is the principal carbon phase at more than 50-100 m depth of the serpentinite basement at the Iberian Margin. We estimate that annually 1.1 to 2.7 × 1012 g C is stored within peridotites exposed to seawater, of which 30-40% is fixed within the uppermost 20-50 m mainly as carbonate. Additionally, we conclude that alteration of oceanic lithosphere is an important factor in the long-term global carbon cycle, having the potential to store carbon for millions of years.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 83
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    Ordinary and duplicate analysis from major and trace elements of ODP Holes 146-888B and 168-1027B (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Carpentier, Marion; Weis, Dominique A M; Chauvel, Catherine (2013): Large U loss during weathering of upper continental crust: The sedimentary record. Chemical Geology, 340, 91-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.12.016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Oceanic sediments deposited at high rate close to continents are dominated by terrigenous material. Aside from dilution by biogenic components, their chemical compositions reflect those of nearby continental masses. This study focuses on oceanic sediments coming from the juvenile Canadian Cordillera and highlights systematic differences between detritus deriving from juvenile crust and detritus from old and mature crust. We report major and trace element concentrations for 68 sediments from the northernmost part of the Cascade forearc, drilled at ODP Sites 888 and 1027. The calculated weighted averages for each site can then be used in the future to quantify the contribution of subducted sediments to Cascades volcanism. The two sites have similar compositions but Site 888, located closer to the continent, has higher sandy turbidite contents and displays higher bulk SiO2/Al2O3 with lower bulk Nb/Zr, attributed to the presence of zircons in the coarse sands. Comparison with published data for other oceanic sedimentary piles demonstrates the existence of systematic differences between modern sediments deriving from juvenile terranes (juvenile sediments) and modern sediments derived from mature continental areas (cratonic sediments). The most striking systematic difference is for Th/Nb, Th/U, Nb/U and Th/Rb ratios: juvenile sediments have much lower ratios than cratonic sediments. The small enrichment of Th over Nb in cratonic sediments may be explained by intracrustal magmatic and metamorphic differentiation processes. In contrast, their elevated Th/U and Nb/U ratios (average values of 6.87 and 7.95, respectively) in comparison to juvenile sediments (Th/U ~ 3.09, Nb/U ~ 5.15) suggest extensive U and Rb losses on old cratons. Uranium and Rb losses are attributed to long-term leaching by rain and river water during exposure of the continental crust at the surface. Over geological times, the weathering effects create a slow but systematic increase of Th/U with exposure time.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 84
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    Calcium isotopes in planktonic foraminifera - core tops and sediment trap samples (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Griffith, Elizabeth M; Paytan, Adina; Kozdon, Reinhard; Eisenhauer, Anton; Ravelo, Ana Christina (2008): Influences on the fractionation of calcium isotopes in planktonic foraminifera. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 268(1-2), 124-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.01.006
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: For paleoceanographic studies, it is important to understand the processes that influence the calcium (Ca) isotopic composition of foraminiferal calcite tests preserved in the sediment record. Seven species of planktonic foraminifera from coretop sediments collectively exhibited a Ca temperature dependent fractionation of 0.013 per mil per °C. This is in agreement with previously published estimates for most species of planktonic foraminifera as well as biogenic and inorganic calcite and aragonite. Four species of planktonic foraminifera collected from a sediment trap showed a considerable amount of scatter and no consistent temperature dependent fractionation. Analyzed size fractions of coretop samples show no significant relationship with d44/40Ca. However, preliminary results suggest that the symbiotic and spinose foraminifera G. sacculifer might exhibit a relationship between test size and d44/40Ca. A one-box model in which Ca isotopes are allowed to fractionate by Rayleigh distillation from a biomineralization reservoir (internal pool) was used to constrain the isotopic composition of the original biomineralization Ca reservoir, assuming around 85% of the Ca reservoir is precipitated and the fractionation factor during precipitation is 0.9985 + 0.00002(T ºC). To explain the foraminiferal Ca isotope data, this model indicates that the Ca isotopic composition of the biomineralization reservoir is offset from seawater (approximately -0.8per mil).
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 85
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    Benthic foraminiferal I/Ca, fish teeth Ce anomaly, and Mn enrichment factor of bulk sediment during the late Paleocene-early Eocene (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhou, Xiaoli; Thomas, Ellen; Winguth, Arne M E; Ridgwell, Andy; Scher, Howie D; Hoogakker, Babette A A; Rickaby, Rosalind E M; Lu, Zunli (2016): Expanded oxygen minimum zones during the late Paleocene-early Eocene: Hints from multiproxy comparison and ocean modeling. Paleoceanography, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016PA003020
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Important insight into the relationship between de-oxygenation and warming can be obtained from the geological record, but evidence is limited because few ocean oxygenation records are available for past greenhouse climate conditions. We use I/Ca in benthic foraminifera to reconstruct late Paleocene through early Eocene bottom and pore-water redox conditions in the South Atlantic and Southern Indian Oceans, and compare our results with those derived from Mn speciation and the Ce anomaly in fish teeth.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 86
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    Geochemistry of subducted volcaniclastic sediments from Mariana arc magmas (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: The phase relations of natural volcaniclastic sediments from the west Pacific Ocean were investigated experimentally at conditions of 3-6 GPa and 800-900 °C with 10 wt.% added H2O (in addition to ~ 10 wt.% structurally-bound H2O) to induce hydrous melting. Volcaniclastic sediments are shown to produce a sub-solidus assemblage of garnet, clinopyroxene, biotite, quartz/coesite and the accessory phases rutile ± Fe-Ti oxide ± apatite ± monazite ± zircon. Hydrous melt appears at temperatures exceeding 800-850 °C, irrespective of pressure. The melt-producing reaction consumes clinopyroxene, biotite and quartz/coesite and produces orthopyroxene. These phase relations differ from those of pelagic clays and K-bearing mid ocean ridge basalts (e.g. altered oceanic crust) that contain phengite, rather than biotite, as a sub-solidus phase. Despite their relatively high melt productivity, the wet solidus for volcaniclastic sediments is found to be higher (825-850 °C) than other marine sediments (700-750 °C) at 3 GPa. This trend is reversed at high-pressure conditions (6 GPa) where the biotite melting reaction occurs at lower temperatures (800-850 °C) than the phengite melting reaction (900-1000 °C). Trace element data was obtained from the 3 GPa run products, showing that partial melts are depleted in heavy rare earth elements (REE) and high field strength elements (HFSE), due to the presence of residual garnet and rutile, and are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE), except for Sr and Ba. This is in contrast to previous experimental studies on pelagic sediments at sub-arc depths, where Sr and Ba are among the most enriched trace elements in glasses. This behavior can be partly attributed to the presence of residual apatite, which also host some light REE in our supra-solidus residues. Our new experimental results account for a wide range of trace element and U-series geochemical features of the sedimentary component of the Mariana arc magmas, including imparting a substantial Nb anomaly to melts from an anomaly-free protolith.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 87
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    Cyclostratigraphy and eccentricity tuning of the early Oligocene through early Miocene record from Walvis Ridge (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Liebrand, Diederik; Beddow, Helen M; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Pälike, Heiko; Raffi, Isabella; Bohaty, Steven M; Hilgen, Frederik J; Saes, Mischa JM; Wilson, Paul A; van Dijk, Arnold E; Hodell, David A; Kroon, Dick; Huck, Claire E; Batenburg, Sietske J (2016): Cyclostratigraphy and eccentricity tuning of the early Oligocene through early Miocene (30.1–17.1 Ma): Cibicides mundulus stable oxygen and carbon isotope records from Walvis Ridge Site 1264. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 450, 392-405, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.007
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Few astronomically calibrated high-resolution (〈=5 kyr) climate records exist that span the Oligocene?Miocene time interval. Notably, available proxy records show responses varying in amplitude at frequencies related to astronomical forcing, and the main pacemakers of global change on astronomical time-scales remain debated. Here we present newly generated X-ray fluorescence core scanning and benthic foraminiferal stable oxygen and carbon isotope records from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1264 (Walvis Ridge, southeastern Atlantic Ocean). Complemented by data from nearby Site 1265, the Site 1264 benthic stable isotope records span a continuous ~13-Myr interval of the Oligo-Miocene (30.1?17.1 Ma) at high resolution (~3.0 kyr). Spectral analyses in the stratigraphic depth domain indicate that the largest amplitude variability of all proxy records is associated with periods of ~3.4 m and ~0.9 m, which correspond to 405- and ~110-kyr eccentricity, using a magnetobiostratigraphic age model. Maxima in CaCO3 content, d18O and d13C are interpreted to coincide with ~110 kyr eccentricity minima. The strong expression of these cycles in combination with the weakness of the precession- and obliquity-related signals allow construction of an astronomical age model that is solely based on tuning the CaCO3 content to the nominal (La2011_ecc3L) eccentricity solution. Very long-period eccentricity maxima (~2.4-Myr) are marked by recurrent episodes of high-amplitude ~110-kyr d18O cycles at Walvis Ridge, indicating greater sensitivity of the climate/cryosphere system to short eccentricity modulation of climatic precession. In contrast, the responses of the global (high-latitude) climate system, cryosphere, and carbon cycle to the 405-kyr cycle, as expressed in benthic d18O and especially d13C signals, are more pronounced during ~2.4-Myr minima. The relationship between the recurrent episodes of high-amplitude ~110-kyr d18O cycles and the ~1.2-Myr amplitude modulation of obliquity is not consistent through the Oligo-Miocene. Identification of these recurrent episodes at Walvis Ridge, and their pacing by the ~2.4-Myr eccentricity cycle, revises the current understanding of the main climate events of the Oligo-Miocene.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 18 datasets
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  • 88
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    Sri Lanka temporary broadband network (2016)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: A temporary seismic network was installed in Sri Lanka for a time period of 13 months. The stations were equipped with Earth Data EDR-210 digital recorders and Trillium 120 PA, Güralp C3E and Güralp CMG-3ESP broadband sensors. Main aim of the network is to shed light on the crustal and upper mantle structure beneath the island. Also local seismic activity is studied.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~300G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 89
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    Array in Wittewierum, Netherlands (2016)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: A temporary installation has been realized in the Netherlands, in the region of the Groningen gas field. The objective of this installation is to test the usage of a conventional array layout for detection of microseismicity. The region of the Groningen gas field is an excellent test ground, since the operating company NAM (Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij) installed a multitude of shallow borehole stations from 2014 to 2017, of which 65 – in addition to the already existing shallow borehole stations installed by KNMI (Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut) – were already online during the time of measurement, thus ensuring an earthquake catalogue that is complete down to low magnitudes during the time of array installation. The site for the installation was decided together with local parties involved in the seismicity monitoring, i.e. KNMI and NAM, and was located close to the village of Wittewierum. Stations were installed from the 12th of July 2016 to the 29th of August 2016 (49 days). The array was composed of 9 stations. The array was constructed in three concentric rings of 75 m, 150 m and 225 m diameter including a central station, but the geometry had to be adapted to the local conditions. Each station consisted of a broadband sensor (Trillium 120 s), an acquisition system (CUBE datalogger), a battery, and a GPS antenna. The entire system was installed at ~1 m depth (apart from GPS and transmission antennas), requiring only the digging of shallow holes, one for the installation of a thin concrete plate and the sensor, another one for a box containing the remaining instrumentation. The array stations recorded continuously with little outages; only station WAR1 stopped recording on the 22nd of August and station WAR7 stopped recording from 20th to 22nd of August. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 1C, and is fully open.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~30G
    Format: .mseed
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  • 90
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    Lastarria volcano experiment (2016)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The network consistes in 6 stations surronding the fumarole field at Lastarria volcano. These stations were operative during one month with the final purpose of detect changes in the hydrothermal system triggered by passing of seismic waves produced by artificial explosions. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 2G, and are embargoed until 001 2019.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: approx. 9 GB
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 91
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    Renland (2016)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The experiments are performed down the Edward Bailey valley, in the Renland peninsula, Scoresby Sund, Greenland. General purpose: ambient seismic noise recordings are obtained to characterize the geometry/structure of the valley the geometry/structure of the glaciers the microseismicity of the glacier, the friction process, crack orientation and mechanisms the seismic activity of glacial rivers, the relation between hydrological flow and noise spectrum the localization and characterization of sub-glacial flow from surface recordings. Seismic stations were composed of 3C broadband Trillium compact seismometer, a Cube datalogger and a 12V (D-cell types, stacked) battery pack.The experiment splits into three surveys performed at three different sites, one after the other, from july to august 2016. In the first experiment, we deploy 11 stations, 9 of them on a flat sandy area covering, partly, immobile ice that seems to be blocked between the Bailey Glacier (upstream) and the Apusinikajik glacier (downstream). The 9 sensors are placed a few hundreds of meters from the Apusinikajik lateral front, the last 2 are placed on the glacier next to the collapsing front. In the second and third experiment (chronologically speaking), we deploy 10 and 8 stations, respectively. Each deployment is performed along a Bailey valley transect. The first one intercepts the front-end of the glacier and the sub-glacial river exit (flow of several m3/s). The second transect is performed some 850m upstream. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 3H, and are embargoed until summer of 2019.
    Keywords: Seismic waveforms ; Monitoring system ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: Approximately 30 GB
    Format: .mseed
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  • 92
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    Jailolo network, West Halmahera - Indonesia 2016/2018 (2016)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Halmahera island belongs to the North Moluccas province (Maluku Utara), Indonesia. This K-shaped island is located in the eastern part of the Moluccas Sea, the only active arc-arc collision complex on the Earth. The western arm of the K forms a volcanic arc due to the former subduction of the Moluccas Sea plate underneath Halmahera. The region is characterized by intense seismic activity at crustal, intermediate depth, and along the subducting plate. At crustal level the Halmahera seismicity along the two eastern arms of the K show strike-slip faulting style. In November 2015 a localized intense and energetic seismic activity started around Jailolo volcano in the West Halmahera Regency. The seismic sequence intermittently lasted until February 2016 and hundreds of events were felt by the population and several buildings were destroyed and damaged by the shaking. The largest shocks of the sequence have been located by global agencies (GEOFON and GCMT) showing normal faulting style. The temporal evolution of the seismicity seems to be more swarm-like type activity instead of mainshock-aftershock sequence. In spring 2016 a research project has been funded by the German's Humanitarian Aid program in collaboration with BMKG, Indonesia, with the goal of understanding the origin of the intense seismic activity and the related hazard. In summer 2016 we instrumented the area with a dense seismic network composed of 29 short period and 6 broad-band seismometers. The instruments deployment aims at characterizing the seismicity of the Jailolo region in relationship with the 2015-2016 seismic activity. The network will help to understand the seismo-tectonic of the area and the relation between seismicity and the volcanic activity at Jailolo volcano and possible link with the 2015-2016 swarm. Should the seismic activity intensify as in November 2015, we can record it and narrow down the underlying physical mechanisms. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 7G, and are embargoed until the end of 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: approx. 900GB
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  • 93
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    Ostracoda counts and coarse fraction analysis from the Paleocene-Eocene samples at ODP Site 865 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Yamaguchi, Tatsuhiko; Norris, Richard D (2015): No place to retreat: Heavy extinction and delayed recovery on a Pacific guyot during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Geology, 43(5), 443-446, https://doi.org/10.1130/G36379.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Modern global change threatens alpine ecosystems by forcing species to migrate to higher elevations and potentially eliminating alpine habitat altogether. Here we show that an analogous restriction of suitable habitat operates on submarine mountains. During the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ca. 55.96 Ma), ostracodes underwent local extinction on the crest of Allison Guyot in the central Pacific Ocean, which lost 64% of its ostracode species richness (14 species reduced to three species) and as much as 94% of ostracode abundance for ~1.1 m.y., before recolonization rebuilt biodiversity and abundance over the next 200 k.y. Biotic changes may reflect an increase in current speeds, acidification, and a decrease in food supply owing to a temperature-driven increase in metabolic rates. Notably, continental margin ostracodes also underwent extinction during the PETM (25%–38% loss) but, unlike Allison Guyot faunas, could quickly repopulate the continental slope. The absence of refugia for isolated seamounts prolonged the reduction in biodiversity initiated by the PETM, a pattern that may be expected for modern seamount faunas in an era of future global change.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 94
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    Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) from ODP Site 1263 covering magnetochron C20r and C21n and high-resolution bulk carbon isotope (δ¹³C) records from Sites 702 and 1263 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Westerhold, Thomas; Röhl, Ursula; Frederichs, Thomas; Bohaty, Steven M; Zachos, James C (2015): Astronomical calibration of the geological timescale: closing the middle Eocene gap. Climate of the Past, 11, 1181-1195, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1181-2015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: To explore cause and consequences of past climate change, very accurate age models such as those provided by the astronomical timescale (ATS) are needed. Beyond 40 million years the accuracy of the ATS critically depends on the correctness of orbital models and radioisotopic dating techniques. Discrepancies in the age dating of sedimentary successions and the lack of suitable records spanning the middle Eocene have prevented development of a continuous astronomically calibrated geological timescale for the entire Cenozoic Era. We now solve this problem by constructing an independent astrochronological stratigraphy based on Earth's stable 405 kyr eccentricity cycle between 41 and 48 million years ago (Ma) with new data from deep-sea sedimentary sequences in the South Atlantic Ocean. This new link completes the Paleogene astronomical timescale and confirms the intercalibration of radioisotopic and astronomical dating methods back through the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 55.930 Ma) and the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary (66.022 Ma). Coupling of the Paleogene 405 kyr cyclostratigraphic frameworks across the middle Eocene further paves the way for extending the ATS into the Mesozoic.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 13 datasets
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  • 95
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    Raw-data to morphometric investigations about the Neogene planktonic foraminifer Globorotalia menardii and related forms from ODP Hole 154-925B (Céara Rise, western tropical Atlantic) (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Knappertsbusch, Michael W (2016): Evolutionary prospection in the Neogene planktic foraminifer Globorotalia menardii and related forms from ODP Hole 925B (Ceara Rise, western tropical Atlantic): evidence for gradual evolution superimposed by long distance dispersal? Swiss Journal of Palaeontology, 1-44, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13358-016-0113-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Evolutionary prospection is the study of morphological evolution and speciation in calcareous plankton from selected time-slices and key sites in the world oceans. In this context, the Neogene menardiform globorotalids serve as study objects for morphological speciation in planktic foraminifera. A downcore investigation of test morphology of the lineage of G. menardii-limbata-multicamerata during the past 8 million years was carried out in the western tropical Atlantic ODP Hole 925B. A total of 4669 specimens were measured and analyzed from 38 stratigraphic levels and compared to previous studies from DSDP Sites 502 and 503. Collection of digital images and morphometric measurements from digitized outlines were achieved using a microfossil orientation and imaging robot called AMOR and software, which was especially developed for this purpose. Most attention was given to the evolution of spiral height versus axial length of tests in keel view, but other parameters were investigated as well. The variability of morphological parameters in G. menardii, G. limbata, and G. multicamerata through time are visualized by volume density diagrams. At Hole 925B results show gradual test size increase in G. menardii until about 3.2 Ma. The combination of taxonomic determination in the light microscope with morphometric investigations shows strong morphological overlap and evolutionary continuity from ancestral to extant G. menardii (4–6 chambers in the final whorl) to the descendent but extinct G. limbata (seven chambers in the final whorl) and to G. multicamerata (〉=8 chambers in the final whorl). In the morphospace defined by spiral height (dX) and axial length (dY) Globorotalia limbata and G. multicamerata strongly overlap with G. menardii. Distinction of G. limbata from G. menardii is only possible by slight differences in the number of chambers of the final whorl, nuances in spiral convexity, upper keel angles, radii of osculating circles, or by differences in reflectance of their tests. Globorotalia multicamerata can be distinguished from the other two forms by more than eight chambers in the final whorl. It appeared as two stratigraphically separate clusters during the Pliocene. Between 2.88 and 2.3 Ma G. menardii was severely restricted in size and abundance. Thereafter, it showed a rapid and prominent expansion of the upper test size extremes between 2.3 and 1.95 Ma persisting until present. The size-frequency distributions at Hole 925B are surprisingly similar to trends of menardiform globorotalids from Caribbean DSDP Site 502. There, the observations were explained as an adaptation to changes in the upper water column due to the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama. In light of more recent paleontological and geological investigations about the completion of the permanent land connection between North and South America since about 3 Ma the present study gives reason to suspect the sudden test size increase of G. menardii to reflect immigration of extra-large G. menardii from the Indian Ocean or the Pacific. It is hypothesized that during the Late Pliocene dispersal of large G. menardii into the southern to tropical Atlantic occurred during an intermittent episode of intense Agulhas Current leakage around the Cape of Good Hope and from there via warm eddy transport to the tropical Atlantic (Agulhas dispersal hypothesis).
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 96
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    Maastrichtian foraminifera and element analysis of ODP Hole 171-1050C (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: MacLeod, Kenneth G; Huber, Brian T; Pletsch, Thomas; Röhl, Ursula; Kucera, Michal (2001): Maastrichtian foraminiferal and paleoceanographic changes on Milankovitch time scales. Paleoceanography, 16(2), 133-154, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000PA000514
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Milankovitch-scale alternations in Maastrichtian hemipelagic strata from Ocean Drilling Program Hole 1050C (Blake Nose) provide a natural experiment of paleoceanography and foraminiferal paleoecology in a tropical/subtropical greenhouse ocean. Cycles are 30-50 cm thick and thought to reflect the ~21 kyr precessional cycle. High planktic d18O values are correlated with high planktic but low benthic d13C values, indicating that cooler and/or more saline surface waters were associated with higher productivity. High-productivity intervals are also characterized by high Ca concentrations; enrichment in feldspar and kaolinite; and high relative abundance of Heterohelix spp., Globigerinelloides spp., and Laeviheterohelix glabrans. Conversely, low-productivity intervals have low planktic d18O values; high Fe and Ti concentrations; enrichment in quartz, illite, and chlorite; and relative increases in Globotruncana spp. and Pseudoguembelina spp. Potential forcing mechanisms for observed covariation include cyclic variation in water column stratification, variation in continental nutrient fluxes, and changes in the intensity of upwelling.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 97
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    Calcium isotope ratios from marine barite and carbonate over Paleocene-Eocene Boundary (ODP Sites 1212 and 1221) (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Griffith, Elizabeth M; Fantle, Matthew S; Eisenhauer, Anton; Paytan, Adina; Bullen, Thomas D (2015): Effects of ocean acidification on the marine calcium isotope record at the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 419, 81-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Carbonates are invaluable archives of the past, and have been used extensively to reconstruct paleoclimate and paleoceanographic conditions over geologic time scales. Such archives are susceptible to diagenetic alteration via dissolution, recrystallization and secondary precipitation, particularly during ocean acidification events when intense dissolution can occur. Despite the importance of diagenesis on proxy fidelity, the effects of diagenesis on the calcium isotopic composition (d44Ca) of carbonates are unclear. Accordingly, bulk carbonate d44Ca was measured at high resolution in two Pacific deep sea sediment cores (ODP Sites 1212 and 1221) with considerably different dissolution histories over the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~55 Ma). The d44Ca of marine barite was also measured at the deeper Site 1221, which experienced severe carbonate dissolution during the PETM. Large (~0.8 per mil) variations in bulk carbonate d44Ca occur in the deeper site near the peak carbon isotope excursion, and are correlated with a large drop in carbonate weight percent. Such an effect is seen in neither the 1221 barite record nor the bulk carbonate record at the shallower, less dissolved Site 1212. We contend that ocean chemical changes associated with the abrupt and massive carbon release into the ocean-atmosphere system and subsequent ocean acidification at the PETM affected the bulk carbonate d44Ca record via diagenesis in the sedimentary column. Such changes are considerable, and need to be taken into account when interpreting and modeling Ca isotope data over extreme climatic events associated with ocean chemical evolution.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 98
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    Ichthyolith abunances, morphotypes and accumulation rates across the PETM (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Ichthyolith abundances and accumulation rates for ODP 1209, ODP 1220, and ODP 1260. Ichthyolith morphotype relative abundances for ODP 1209, ODP 1220, and ODP 1260. Isotopic carbon data and ages for ODP 1209, ODP 1220, and ODP 1260
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 99
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    Sedimentological and benthic foraminiferal data pertaining to ODP Holes 208-1262A and 208-1263C (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jennions, Suzanne M; Thomas, E; Schmidt, Daniela N; Lunt, Ian D; Ridgwell, Andy (2015): Changes in benthic ecosystems and ocean circulation in the Southeast Atlantic across Eocene Thermal Maximum 2. Paleoceanography, 30(8), 1059-1077, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015PA002821
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2) occurred ~1.8 Myr after the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and, like the PETM, was characterized by a negative carbon isotope excursion coupled with warming. We combined benthic foraminiferal and sedimentological records for Southeast Atlantic Sites 1263 (1500 m paleodepth) and 1262 (3600 m paleodepth) to show that benthic foraminiferal diversity and accumulation rates declined more precipitously and severely at the shallower site during peak ETM2. The sites are in close proximity, so differences in surface productivity cannot have caused this differential effect. Instead, on the basis of an analysis of climate modelling experiments, we infer that changes in ocean circulation pattern across ETM2 may have resulted in more pronounced warming at intermediate depths (Site 1263). The effects of more pronounced warming include increased metabolic rates, leading to a decrease in effective food supply and increased deoxygenation, thus potentially explaining the more severe benthic impacts at Site 1263. In response to more severe benthic disturbance, bioturbation may have decreased at Site 1263 as compared to Site 1262, hence differentially affecting the bulk carbonate record. We use a sediment-enabled Earth system model to test whether a reduction in bioturbation and/or the likely reduced carbonate saturation of more poorly ventilated waters can explain the more extreme excursion in bulk d13C and sharper transition in wt% CaCO3 at Site 1263. We find that both enhanced acidification and reduced bioturbation during peak ELMO conditions are needed to account for the observed features. Our combined ecological and modelling analysis illustrates the potential role of ocean circulation changes in amplifying local environmental changes and driving temporary, but drastic, loss of benthic biodiversity and abundance.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 100
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    Grain size and XRD analysis on Site 162-983 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jonkers, Lukas; Barker, Stephen; Hall, Ian R; Prins, Maarten Arnoud (2015): Correcting for the influence of ice-rafted detritus on grain size-based paleocurrent speed estimates. Paleoceanography, 30(10), 1347-1357, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015PA002830
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The grain size of deep-sea sediments provides an apparently simple proxy for current speed. However, grain size-based proxies may be ambiguous when the size distribution reflects a combination of processes, with current sorting only one of them. In particular, such sediment mixing hinders reconstruction of deep circulation changes associated with ice-rafting events in the glacial North Atlantic because variable ice-rafted detritus (IRD) input may falsely suggest current speed changes. Inverse modeling has been suggested as a way to overcome this problem. However, this approach requires high-precision size measurements that register small changes in the size distribution. Here we show that such data can be obtained using electrosensing and laser diffraction techniques, despite issues previously raised on the low precision of electrosensing methods and potential grain shape effects on laser diffraction. Down-core size patterns obtained from a sediment core from the North Atlantic are similar for both techniques, reinforcing the conclusion that both techniques yield comparable results. However, IRD input leads to a coarsening that spuriously suggests faster current speed. We show that this IRD influence can be accounted for using inverse modeling as long as wide size spectra are taken into account. This yields current speed variations that are in agreement with other proxies. Our experiments thus show that for current speed reconstruction, the choice of instrument is subordinate to a proper recognition of the various processes that determine the size distribution and that by using inverse modeling meaningful current speed reconstructions can be obtained from mixed sediments.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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