ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Springer  (49,399)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (4,074)
  • 1980-1984  (48,668)
  • 1925-1929  (4,805)
  • 1982  (48,668)
  • 1926  (4,805)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Chez les Guêpes et les Frelons, les cellules sont hexagonales lorsqu'elles sont situées dans les zones centrales du rayon. Les cellules périphériques, comme toutes les cellules au début de leur construction, ont des parois arrondies plutôt que angulaires. La transformation d'une cellule en forme de gobelet, à parois arrondies, en une cellule hexagonale avec un angle de 120° entre les parois est partiellement due à des processus de transformation des parois cellulaires existantes au moment où de nouvelles parois leur sont attachées depuis le côté extérieur. Le développement de la construction des cellules initiales aboutit à 6 parois dans les rayons construits autour d'une seule cellule centrale ou à 5,5 parois lorsqui'il y a 2 cellules centrales contiguës. Cependant, dans les constructions ultérieures, ce type d'évolution des parois diminue graduellement à mesure que de nouveaux anneaux de cellules sont ajoutés, pour atteindre une valeur moyenne de 3 nouvelles parois par cellule, indépendamment du fait que le rayon s'est construit autour d'une ou de deux cellules centrales. Les résultats présentés dans cet article sur l'utilisation plus efficiente des parois dans les rayons plus grands apportent une confirmation du caractère économique de l'utilisation des matériaux dans la construction du rayon par les Vespinæ.
    Notes: Summary The individual cell in the hornet or wasp comb is hexagonal in cross-section when it is one of the inner “ring” of cells. On the other hand, peripheral cells, like all cells built initially, have rounded rather than angled walls. This transformation from a goblet-shaped cell with rounded walls to an hexagonally-walled cell with an angle of 120° between each two walls is partly acheived by additional processing of the existing cell walls as new walls (between old and new cells) are accreted onto them from the outside. The comb cells are essentially hexagonal so that the “expenditure” in the building of the initial cell(s) is either 6 walls (in combs built around a single central cell) or 5.5 walls (where there are two abutting, central cells). With subsequent building, however, this “wall expenditure” diminishes gradually as more rings of cells are laid down, approaching an average value of 3 new walls per cell regardless of whether the comb is built around one or rather two central cells. Presented data on more efficient wall utilization in the larger combs offer further confirmation of the frugality of comb construction by Vespinæ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 44-66 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The typical outdoor workers of red wood ants (Formica polyctena Förster) leave the nest spontaneously, even in satiated and undisturbed colonies. It is supposed that their task is not only foraging, but also to occupy a territory. After an one-day withdrawal of sugared water, the number of typical outdoor workers staying outside the nest increases, and additional outdoor workers which normally do not leave the nest in satiated colonies take part in foraging. On the average, these worker ants are younger than typical outdoor workers. Information about the degree of hunger in an ant colony is, at least partly, transferred by means of a pheromone which acts on satiated worker ants, too. After one-day's withdrawal of sugared water, ant colonies react to offering of 1-molar sugared water with an increase in the number of ants leaving the nest. Satiated colonies do not react, nor do hungry colonies to 0,1-molar sugared water or, except slightly, to the liquid from crushed insects. Apparently the recruited ants do not differ from the additional outdoor workers characterized above. The ants are at least partly recruited by means of a pheromone, which acts independently of whether they are hungry or satiated. The contents of Dufour's gland or their main component, n-undecane, cause the worker ants to leave the nest in the same way as does the odor from an alarmed nest. Ant colonies also react with a food alarm to the offering of prey, over a distance of approximately 10 m between nest and feeding place. Since the ants usually leave the feeding place only after a long period of fighting (1–2 h) and do not return to it, the reaction of a colony to prey starts later and is weaker than the reaction to sugared water. Therefore, this behaviour is appropriate not to the capture of single prey insects, but to the utilisation of accumulations of prey.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die typischen Außendiensttiere der roten Waldameisen (Formica polyctena Förster) verlassen das Nest spontan, auch bei gesättigten und ungestörten Völkern. Vermutlich haben sie nicht nur die Aufgabe, Nahrung zu sammeln, sondern auch, das Nestterritorium zu besetzen. Nach einem eintägigen Entzug von Zuckerwasser steigt die Anzahl der typischen Außendiensttiere, die sich jeweils außerhalb des Nestes aufhalten, und es beteiligen sich zusätzliche Außendiensttiere am Nahrungseintrag, die bei gesättigten Völkern das Nest nicht verlassen. Diese sind im Durchschnitt jünger als die typischen Außendiensttiere. Die Information über den Hungerzustand in einem Ameisenvolk wird zumindest teilweise durch ein Pheromon übertragen, das auch auf gesättigte Arbeiterinnen wirkt. Nach einem eintägigen Entzug von Zuckerwasser reagieren Ameisenvölker auf das Angebot einer 1 molaren Zuckerlösung mit einer Steigerung in der Anzhal der auslaufenden Arbeiterinnen. Gesättigte Völker reagieren nicht, und auch hungrige Völker reagieren nicht auf 0,1 molare Zuckerlösung und nur wenig auf Flüssigkeit aus zerquetschten Insekten. Die rekrutierten Arbeiterinnen unterscheiden sich anscheinend nicht von den oben charakterisierten zusätzlichen Außendiensttieren. Die Ameisen werden zumindest teilweise mit Hilfe eines Pheromons rekrutiert, das unabhängig davon wirkt, ob sie gesättigt oder hungrig sind. Der Inhalt von Dufourdrüsen oder seine Hauptkomponente, n-Undecan, bewirken eine ebensolche Auslaufsteigerung der Arbeiterinnen wie Duftstoffe aus einem alarmierten Volk. Ameisenvölker reagieren auch auf das Angebot von Beute mit einem Nahrungsalarm, und zwar über eine Entfernung von etwa 10 m zwischen Nest und Futterplatz. Da die Arbeiterinnen den Futterplatz meistens erst nach längerem Kampf (1–2 h) verlassen und nicht zu ihm zurückkehren, beginnt ein Nahrungsalarm zu Beute später und ist schwächer ausgeprägt als ein Nahrungsalarm zu Zuckerwasser. Deshalb ist dieses Verhalten nicht dazu geeignet, einzelne Beuteinsekten zu überwältigen, sondern dazu, Ansammlungen von Beutetieren zu nutzen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 15-24 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume L'organisation sociale chez lesDictyna et lesMallos comprend des espèces solitaires, des espèces qui vivent en groupes et gardent des territoires (grégaires, territoriales), et une espèce vivant en groupe (Mallos gregalis) qui ne conserve pas de territoires (grégaire, non-territoriale). L'interattraction par l'intermédiaire de la soie existe chezM. gregalis et chez une espèce grégaire, territoriale (Dictyna calcurata); mais elle ne semble pas exister chez une autre espèce grégaire, territoriale (M. trivittatus) ni chez une espèce solitaire (M. niveus). Les femelles adultes deM. gregalis ont été repoussées par la soie d'autres espèces de dictynides. Toutes les espèces qui ont été testées ont été repoussées par la soie de l'araignée aranéideAraneus diadematus.
    Notes: Summary Social organization withinDictyna andMallos includes solitary species, species that live in groups and maintain territories (communal, territorial), and a group-living species (Mallos gregalis) that does not maintain territories (communal, non-territorial). Silk-mediated interattraction occurs inM. gregalis and in a communal, territorial species (Dictyna calcurata); but it does not seem to occur in another communal, territorial species (M. trivittatus), nor in a solitary species (M. niveus). Adult females ofM. gregalis were repelled by the silk of other dictynid species. All spiders that were tested were repelled by the silk of an araneid spider (Araneus diadematus).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 86-94 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Dans le développement des ovarioles des ouvrières deFormica sanguinea, on peut distinguer huit phases qui correspondent à celles de la fourmi rousseFormica polyctena (Otto, 1958). Ces phases constituent un cycle bien défini chez des ouvrières dont l'âge est connu précisément: les tubes indifférenciés des jeunes individus montrent un nombre croissant de chambres gonflées, le maximum étant atteint vers la quatrième semaine. Une dégénération assez rapide se manifeste peu après, de sorte que la plupart des ovarioles apparaissent comme des tubes vides contenant encore quelques corps jaunes. Chez les ouvrières âgées de plus d'une année et demie, on trouve des ovarioles à des phases différentes, d'après la situation physiologique de l'ouvrière dans le nid: les fourrageuses ont toujours des ovarioles complètement dégénérées tandis que les ouvrières hivernantes peuvent posséder des ovarioles dans une phase de régression moins avançée. Le nombre d'ovarioles paraît lié à la taille: les petites ouvrières ont en moyenne deux ovarioles de chaque côté, les plus grandes de trois à cinq.
    Notes: Summary As in the red wood antFormica polyctena (Otto, 1958) the ovariole development inFormica sanguinea workers consists of eight stages well defined in time. This is revealed by investigations on workers of well known age. The undifferentiated tubes in young workers develop more and more into protuberant chambers, reaching a maximum growth around the fourth week. They then regress rather rapidly and after five weeks most ovarioles look like empty tubes containing some yellow bodies. Ovarioles of workers older than one year and a half, however, can be in various stages according to their physiological condition in the nest: foraging workers always have fully degenerated ovarioles, while the hibernating individuals still can have ovarioles in an early regression stage. The number of ovarioles seems to be related to body length: small individuals have on the average two ovarioles on each side, larger ones three to five.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 118-123 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Les ouvrières et les mâles deScaptotrigona postica éclosent de cellules morphologiquement identiques. Habituellement, chaque cellule ne contient qu'une seule abeille. Cependant, nos observations montrent que quelques cellules, dispersées sur le rayon à couvain, contiennent plusieurs œufs. Etant donné que les œufs supplémentaires donnent des mâles, ils ont probablement été pondus par des ouvrières nourrices, après la ponte de la reine. Bien qu'il n'y ait pas de différence morphologique entre cellules de mâles et cellules d'ouvrières, elles contiennent une quantité de nourriture significativement différente. Les mâles sont élevés dans des cellules qui contiennent moins de nourriture que celles où sont élevées les ouvrières: la différence est significative au niveau de 1 %. Ceci conduit à penser que l'ouvrière pourrait reconnaître la cellule avant de pondre et que cette reconnaissance se ferait à partir de la quantité de nourriture contenue dans la cellule.
    Notes: Summary Workers and males of the stingless beeScaptotrigona postica emerge from morphologically similar cells. Normally only one bee is reared in each brood cell, but we found that some of the cells, interspersed throughout the brood comb, contained more than one egg. Because these additional eggs produced adult males, they were probably laid by nurse bees (workers) after the queen had oviposited in the cells concerned. Although there is no morphological difference between male and worker cells a significant difference was found in the amount of food inside them. The cell where the male is reared shows less food than the worker cell, difference that is statistically significant at 1% level. This fact suggests that: the worker might recognise the cell before oviposition and that this recognition is based on the difference of food quantity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 164-174 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume ChezLasius sakagamii, le taux de reproduction est en relation avec la densité des reines dans chaque nid. Dans les nids à forte densité de reines, le développement des ovaires et le taux de ponte de chaque reine sont plus faibles que dans les autres nids, alors que le nombre des œufs dans chaque nid est plus élevé. En général, dans les nids à très forte densité de reines (plus du 25 reines par mètre carré de nid) ou avec des faibles rapports ouvrières/reine (moins de 5 000 ouvrières pour une reine), aucune reine ailée n'est produite. C'est aussi le cas des nids où les rapports larves/ouvrière sont élevés (plus de 5 larves par ouvrière). D'autre part, la production des ouvrières et des mâles est plus grande dans les nids à forte densité de reines que dans ceux où la densité de celle-ci est faible.
    Notes: Summary The reproduction rate ofL. sakagamii is related to the queen density in each nest. In nests with higher queen densities, the ovarian development and the egg-laying rate of each queen is lower, though the number of eggs produced per nest is larger. In general, in nests with very high queen densities (more than about 25 queens per square meter of nest) or low worker/queen ratios (less than about 5,000 workers per queen), no alate queens are produced. Further, nests with high larva/worker ratios (more than about 5 larvae per worker) also produce no alate queens. On the other hand, the production of workers and males is larger in nests with high queen densities than in those with low queen densities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In the antCataglyphis cursor, the parthenogenetic reproductive eggs laid by workers are bigger than the mated queens' ones. Laboratory studies about the evolution of the egg length were carried out in colonies with and without a queen. An attempt was made to estimate the number of eggs produced by each type of society. In societies with a queen, workers remain unproductive and the queen's laying is about one thousand eggs in a season; new queens and males can be yielded but many new workers are brought up. In queenless societies, workers lay a lot of eggs, breed young queens foremost, sometimes males and fewer new workers. There as no biased eggs; the nurse's physiological state sets the female larvæ toward queens or workers. In the normal turnover, the alates are born from eggs of the early season, which are the biggest ones. But small sized late eggs can also evolve into queens if the larvæ are bred by workers whose ovaries are active. That is particularly noticeable in queenless colonies where queens can be obtained from eggs laid eleven weeks after the start of oviposition.
    Notes: Resume Chez la FourmiCataglyphis cursor, les ouvrières orphelines produisent par parthénogénèse des œufs reproducteurs plus volumineux que ceux des reines fécondées. On a étudié en élevage, l'évolution de la longueur des œufs dans des sociétés avec reine et des sociétés sans reine et tenté d'estimer le nombre d'œufs produits par des colonies d'effectifs variés. Dans les sociétés avec reine, les ouvrières restent stériles dans les conditions normales et la ponte royale est d'environ un millier d'œufs dans la saison; il peut se former des jeunes reines et des mâles, mais il apparaît surtout beaucoup de nouvelles ouvrières. Dans les sociétés orphelines, les ouvrières pondent un grand nombre d'œufs, élèvent en priorité des jeunes reines, parfois des mâles et moins de nouvelles ouvrières. Il n'existe pas d'œufs préorientés. C'es l'état physiologique des ouvrières nourrices qui conditionne de devenir reine ou ouvrière des larves femelles: dans le cycle normal, les ailés sont issus des œufs du début de ponte, qui sont les plus gros; mais des œufs tardifs et de plus petite taille peuvent aussi donner des reines si les larves qui en sont issues sont élevées par des ouvrières dont l'ovaire est en activité. Cela est particulièrement évident dans les sociétés orphelines où l'on peut obtenir des reines à partir d'œufs pondus onze semaines après le début de la ponte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 308-331 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume La fourmi migratriceNeivamyrmex nigrescens a été étudiée sur le terrain pour déterminer comment le recrutement, l'emplacement et la quantité de nourriture influencent la fréquence, la distance et la direction des émigrations. Les observations sur l'affouragement montrent que les émigrations sont habituellement précédées par des raids, se poursuivent sur une colonne de raid réussi et se terminent près des sites de raids. Cependant, le recrutement alimentaire n'est pas un préliminaire nécessaire à l'émigration, pas plus que les émigrations ne se font toujours dans un endroit où il y a beaucoup de raids. En général, le nouveau nid n'est pas construit sur un site de raids, et il y a un court délai entre la découverte d'un site de nidification et le déclenchement de l'émigration. La direction, la distance et le déroulement temporel des émigrations sont liés plus directement à la découverte des sites de nidification qu'aux sites de raids, ce qui suggère des mécanismes de recrutement distincts. Etant donné que les raids et les émigrations disparaissent lorsqu'on suralimente les colonies, ces conduites ont un facteur de motivation commun, en l'occurrence la stimulation du couvain. L'effet réciproque entre la stimulation générale issue du couvain et le recrutement à des stimulations spécifiques, suscite une utilisation efficace du temps d'activité à la surface et empêche une exposition inutile de la reine et du couvain. La tendance à émigrer dans les endroits où il y a beaucoup de raids provient de la découverte d'un nid dans un tel endroit. Ainsi une colonie suit-elle généralement sa réserve de nourriture. Cependant, les émigrations gênent beaucoup les raids et ont probablement évolué dans des conditions écologiques très différentes de celles de la présente étude.
    Notes: Summary Field studies ofNeivamyrmex nigrescens were conducted to determine how recruitment to, location and amount of food affect emigration frequency, distance and direction. Observations of foraging showed that emigrations were usually preceded by raids, proceeded over a successful raid column, and terminated near raid sites. Recruitment to food was not a necessary prelude to emigration, however, nor did emigrations always move to an area of heavy raiding. The new nest was not usually formed in a raid site, and there was a short latency from the discovery of the nest site to the onset of the emigration. Direction, distance, and timing of emigrations were related more directly to discovery of nest sites than raid sites, suggesting separate recruitment mechanisms. Because both raids and emigrations were eliminated by overfeeding of colonies, these behaviors share a common motivating factor, namely, brood stimulation. The interplay between general arousal from the brood and recruitment to specific stimuli promotes efficient use of surface activity time and prevents unnecessary exposure of queen and brood. The tendency to emigrate into areas of heavy raids results from the discovery of a nest in that area; thus a colony generally follows its food supply. Emigrations interfere considerably with raiding, however, and probably evolved under ecological conditions very different from the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die mandibularen Drüsen der AmeiseWasmannia auropunctata enthalten 2,5-dimethyl-3-isopentylpyrazin, eine Verbindung mit der andere gleich-artige Nestbewohner von gestorten Arbeitern herbeigelockt werden. Während einer aggressiven interspezifischen Begegnung kann die kleine Ameise das Alkylpyrazin als ein Abstossungsmittel benutzen und ihren Opponenten noch dazu mit ihrem wirkungsvollen giftigen Stich untauglich machen. Alkylpyrazine sind schon früher in Vertreten der Unterfamilien Ponerinæ, Formicinæ und Dolichoderinæ gefunden worden, jedoch ist dies der erste Bericht über Alkylpyrazine in den mandibularen Drüsen einer Art der Myrmicinæ.
    Notes: Summary Mandibular glands of the ant,Wasmannia auropunctata, contain 2,5-dimethyl-3-isopentylpyrazine, a compound which attracts nestmates to disturbed workers. During interspecific aggressive encounters, this small ant may utilize the alkylpyrazine as a repellent as well as disabling opponents with its potent sting venom. Alkylpyrazines have been previously identified as cephalic products from ants of the subfamilies Ponerinæ, Formicinæ, and Dolichoderinæ but this is the first report of an alkylpyrazine from the mandibular glands of a member of the Myrmicinæ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 383-401 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary For two colonies ofPolistes reared in close proximity to one another, a series of physiological and ethological indices was determined for all of the female offspring surviving until mid-july. The indices chosen concern physiological parameters related to ovarian function, and ethological parameters expressing forms of integration into colony life. Multivariate analysis leads to the recognition of a number of clusters which fall into two functional groups: one is oriented towards the function of laying eggs and the other towards the function of maintenance of the colony. In spite of the obvious analogy, these two groups do not coincide perfectly with the two castes conventionally distinguished in the female sex; their divergence results from a succession of factors implicating both the state of belonging to a caste of the different individuals, and the direct causal factors the exact nature of which remains to be stated precisely.
    Notes: Resume Dans deux guêpiers dePolistes, placés au voisinage l'un de l'autre, on relève une série d'indices physiologiques et éthologiques sur l'ensemble des descendantes encore vivantes à la mi-juillet; les indices choisis concernent des paramètres physiologiques liés à la fonction ovarienne et des paramètres éthologiques exprimant des formes d'intégration à la vie de la colonie. L'analyse factorielle conduit à discerner un certain nombre de sous-populations, que l'on peut regrouper en deux grandes séries dont on propose une interprétation fonctionnelle: l'une s'orientant vers la fonction de ponte et l'autre vers la fonction d'entretien de la colonie. Malgré une analogie évidente, ces deux séries ne coïncident pas parfaitement avec les deux castes classiquement discernées dans le sexe femelle; leur divergence résulte d'une série de facteurs impliquant à la fois l'appartenance de caste des divers individus et des facteurs causaux immédiats dont la nature exacte reste à préciser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 79-94 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Monsoon ; Rainfall ; Tropical meteorology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with an application of a stochastic model to the frequency and duration of precipitation events. With the aid of the model, the magnitudes ofmth highest rainfall amount in 24 hours' duration with 97.5% probability are obtained for various climatic regimes over a tropical monsoon region. There is good agreement between them-day minimum rainfall estimated through the model and the observed value. The model satisfactorily explains the frequency of the extreme rainfall event.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 249-260 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Correlation function ; Interpolation ; Network design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The study examines the correlation function of tropical monsoon rainfall on monthly, seasonal and annual time scales and obtains the relationship between this function and the distance. The area selected for study is Vidarbha with a fairly dense network of rain gauges. Vidarbha is a meteorological sub-division of the state of Maharashtra in India. Utilizing the relationship between the correlation function of the rainfall field and the distance, the errors of optimum interpolation of rainfall at a point have been computed by applying the method of optimum interpolation byGandin (1970). Relationships between the errors of interpolation and distance have been evaluated and from this the maximum spacing allowed between rain gauges for a specified tolerable error in interpolation has been estimated for each of the periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 67-78 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Monsoon ; Transport ; Tropical meteorology ; Water vapour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The advective monthly mean transfer of water vapour in the layer below 700 mbar is investigated for India for the years 1962 to 1972 and for the months January to September. The average zonal and meridional components of the transfer of water vapour for India are obtained. They are further averaged for different combinations of the pre-monsoon months from January to May and are correlated with the summer monsoon rainfall. The correlation coefficients for zonal transfer of water vapour are either negative or small positive for different combinations of the months mentioned above. The correlation coefficients for the meridional transfer of water vapour are positive. The maximum value is 0.74 for the March to May combination and is statistically significant at the 1% level. An extensive investigation is, therefore, made for the March to May averages of water vapour transfer for four broad regions of India. The parameters of water vapour transfer for these regions are compared with the threshold values and the prediction category, normal or drought, for the subsequent summer monsoon season is determined for all years. The correlation coefficient between the index of drought, as determined from parameters of water vapour transport and rainfall departure, is statistically significant at the 2% level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 123-135 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Tropical meteorology ; Atmospheric electricity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The results of atmospheric electric measurements over a twenty year period (1961–1980) are reviewed for Ibadan situated in the tropical rain forest of Nigeria. The aim is to present the data in an easily accessible form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 197-201 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 54-66 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Atmospheric radioactivity ; Wind erosion ; Resuspension rate ; Vegetation contamination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method for the determination of resuspension parameters of radioactive fall-out from nuclear explosions, deposited on soil from the stratospheric reservoir, is presented. The seasonal variation ofk α-137Cs resuspension parameter, the trend ofk α with time in 1963–1978, the trend over this period of time of the wind component fraction of the concentration of global137Cs in the surface boundary layer over arable and natural soils are given. An estimate of radioactive contamination of vegetation by the effect considered is given as an example of practical use of this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 108-116 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Atmospheric electricity ; Fair weather electric field ; Effect of pollution on potential gradient in atmosphere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The measurement and monitoring of atmospheric pollutants is an important aspect of pollution studies. A novel method of assessment of the level of pollution in the atmosphere is conceived using point discharge and potential gradients. The present paper is an attempt to show that measurement of the point discharge current (PDC) and potential gradient (PG) can be used to provide information regarding the nature of charges and level of pollution in the atmosphere. The measurement of the PDC and PG in different localities is presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 151-166 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Source mechanisms ; Rock mechanics ; Microcracks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Focal mechanisms for 116 acoustic emission events associated with uniaxial cyclic loading of Westerly granite have been investigated using P-wave first-motions. Polarities were observed at eight transducers positioned on the sample to provide good azimuthal coverage. The P-wave radiation patterns can be fit by a quadrupole source but not by a simple pure tensional source. The predominant orientations of the two nodal planes for the quadrupole fit were subparallel to and perpendicular to the σ1 direction. Events with ‘close’ hypocenters, i.e., within a radius of 3 mm, display a remarkable similarity in focal mechanisms irrespective of the cycle or time within a cycle at which they occur. The polarity observations of 48 of 116 acoustic emission events could be fit with the simple quadrupole indicating that the microfracturing processes even in uniaxial compression often simplistically portrayed as propagating axial cracks are indeed quite complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 167-185 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Corsica ; Historical seismicity ; Macroseismic study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The documents that we have compiled (archives, newspaper reports and seismic catalogues) enabled us to go back to the end of the 18th century in the seismic history of Corsica. The number of felt earthquakes (epicentres off shore or on the island) which were documented during the two and a half centuries is relatively low. Maximum intensities have reached VI or rarely VII. The seismic activity is mainly located in the North-East of Corsica, near faults which have recently been active between the ‘Corse schisteuse’ (Alpine domain) and the ‘Plaine Orientale’ (Quaternary, Neogene). A seismic crisis happened recently (1978–1979) in this area where present activity of some of these faults has been suggested. Macroseismic studies have been conducted for the main shocks (I max=VI and V) in order to locate them accurately. Two among them (April 3, 1978 and March 27, 1979) are studied here in detail. Using the Kövesligethy formula hypocenters are respectively found at 4.5±0.5 km and around 5 km, whereas the corresponding absorption factors are 0.020 and 0.031. Such depths show that the two events affected the upper crust of Corsica (30 km).
    Notes: Résumé L'étude des documents (archives, presse et catalogues sismiques) que nous avons consultés, nous a permis de remonter jusqu'à la fin du XVIIIe siècle dans l'histoire sismologique corse. Le nombre des séismes ressentis (épicentres en mer ou sur l'île) recensés pendant ces deux siècles et demi est relativement faible. Les intensités maximales ont parfois atteint le degré VI, plus rarement VII. L'activité sismique touche principalement une région située au Nord-Est de la Corse, au voisinage de failles au rejeu récènt et séparent le domaine de la Corse schisteuse (alpin) du domaine de la Plaine Orientale (Quaternaire, Néogène). Une crise sismique récente (1978–1979) a de nouveau secoué cette même région où on a suggéré l'activité actuelle de certaines de ces failles. Les plus importants de ces séismes (I max=VI et V) ontifait l'objet d'enquêtes macrosismiques qui permettent d'en préciser les épicentres. Deux d'entre-eux ont été étudiés en détail (3 avril 1978 et 27 mars 1979); en utilisant la relation de Kövesligethy, les hypocentres se situent respectivement à 4,5±0.5 km et vers 5 km, pour des coefficients d'absorption de 0,020 et 0,031. Ces profondeurs indiquent que ces deux séismes ont mis en jeu des éléments superficiels de la croûte corse (30 km).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 229-248 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Meridional transport ; Monsoon ; Sensible heat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spherical harmonic analysis is made of the grid point values of geopotential heights at 700 mb and 300 mb levels for the months April to August for the years 1967 and 1972. The year 1967 is a good monsoon year and 1972 is a bad monsoon year in India. Meridional transport of sensible heat is obtained in wave number domain using spherical harmonic coefficients at 500 mb level form=1 to 10 andn−m=0 to 10, wherem represents the wave number round the globe andn−m gives the numbers of zero points from north pole to south pole excluding the poles themselves. Large northward transports of sensible heat in the month of May and in the monsoon months at the subtropics are characteristic of bad monsoon. Wave 1 transports sensible heat southward (forn−m=0) and wave 2 transports sensible heat northward (forn−m=4). Strengthening of wave 1 is conducive to good monsoon year and strengthening of wave 2 is conducive to bad monsoon year. These are the same features obtained in Fourier analysis. The contrasting features exist in waves 1 and 2 both in good and in bad monsoon and are better defined in the present analysis than in the Fourier analysis of the earlier study. However, waves 1 and 2 reveal clearer contrast in the present analysis than in the Fourier analysis. Bad monsoon activity is associated with large divergence of heart at subtropics and large convergence of heat at extra tropics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Fourier transform method ; Self-potential anomalies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The self-potential anomaly due to a two-dimensional inclined sheets of finite depth extent has been analysed in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform. Expression for the Fourier amplitude and phase spectra are derived. The Fourier amplitude and phase spectra are analysed so as to evaluate the parameters of the sheet. Application of this method on two anomalies (synthetic and field data) has given good results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 422-436 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Monex-79 ; Objective analysis ; Wind field
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The monsoon sub-programme of FGGE deployed a variety of observing systems such as research aircraft, research vessels, floating ballooms, and a geostationary satellite, etc. during the special observational period of Monex-79, with a view to making the best possible data set available for studies on various aspects of the monsoon circulation. Whether the data obtained from the various observational platorms improve the representation of the monsson systems, flow patterns, etc. in the analysis is the basis of this study. For this, the objective analyses of the wind field were made with different data sets, first using only the data from conventional observation platforms, subsequently including the data from aircraft and ships and then finally including the data from the satellite. These analyses were compared with carefully made subjective analyses. It is inferred that the addition of data has a positive impact on the objective analysis and the improvement in the analysis is more marked in the data-void region like the Arabian Sea compared to the region where observational stations are distributed fairly stisfactorily. It is also inferred that the impact of the aircraft/ship data on the analysis is more consistent than the data from the satellite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 483-494 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Flood ; Precipitation ; Tropical meteorology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The rainstorm of 17 to 21 July 1981 which caused exceptionally heavy rains and floods in arid Rajasthan, was analysed. It was observed that 7 stations in the rainstorm area broke their previous 80-year record of one-day rainfall, and two of these stations equalled their respective estimates of probable maximum precipitation (PMP). A comparison of areal raindepths of this rainstorm with the similar raindepths of past severe-most rainstorms of this region showed that this rainstorm gave unprecedented raindepths up to about 38 850 sq. km (i.e. 15 000 sq. miles) for a 3-day duration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 495-502 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Cloudiness ; Sunshine ; Tropical meteorology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between point cloudiness and sunshine derived cloud cover in India is investigated using data collected from 33 stations. It has been found that point cloudiness, in general, overestimates sunshine derived cloud cover. The latitudinal dependence of the overestimation is discussed. The significance of the precise quantification of cloudiness in radiation budget studies is briefly mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Wave scattering ; Elastic heterogeneity ; Three-dimensional modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The formal solutions of displacement field to the problem of elastic wave scattering and diffraction due to an infinitely long rigid cylinder embedded in an infinite elastic medium by an impulsive point source have been obtained in the integral form. The integrals for the reflected and the diffracted waves both in the shadow zone and in the illuminated zone are evaluated asymptotically for the early time motion by the Reisdue-Cagniard method and the Saddle-point-Cagniard method. Numerical results of the diffractedP, S andPS waves at a fixed circum-distance from the surface of the rigid cylinder show noticeably that (1) the energy partition for the diffractedS wave is small in comparison with that for the diffractedP wave, (2) the wave form of the diffractedS wave is broader and more diffused than that of the diffractedP wave, (3) the direction of the radial motions of the diffractedP andS waves varies as a function of the observational point, and (4) the energy partition for the diffractedP wave is much smaller than that for the direct or the reflectedP waves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 642-647 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Atmospheric kinetic energy ; Climate models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The winter simulations of the GLAS climate model and the NCAR community climate model are used to examine the maintenance of the atmospheric kinetic energy. It is found that the kinetic energy is generated in the lower latitudes south of the maximum westerlies, transported northward and then, destroyed in the midlatitudes north of the maximum westerlies. Therefore, the atmospheric kinetic energy is maintained by the counterbalance between the divergence (convergence) of kinetic energy flux and generation (destruction) of kinetic energy in lower (middle) latitudes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 682-690 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Atmospheric electricity ; Atmospheric electric potential gradient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Atmospheric electric potential gradient measurments were made near the ground at Vishakapatnam (17°42′N, 83°18′E). The diurnal variation of potential gradient during fair weather has been studied. The characteristic pattern of potential gradient in different months, different seasons and its annual variation are examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 721-757 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Edge waves ; shelf waves ; Kelvin waves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Free and forced oscillations of shallow water in an infinitely long rotating channel of parabolic cross-section are analyzed. The pure cross-channel oscillations ofChrystal (1905) and solutions for zero rotation first discussed byProudman (1925) andHidaka (1932) are special asymptotic solutions for the free modes of this model. However, for increasingly large, along-shore wave number, our solutions donot uniformly approach those ofReid (1958) andBall (1967) for a single shore-line and semi-infinite ocean. A method of computing eigen frequencies and eigen functions for the general problem is described, and a sufficient number of these are exhibited graphically to permit visualization of the transitions between the asymptotic regions. The forced problem consists of an incoming wave-train or surge generated at the center of the channel. Amplitude and transports near the shore are computed for a wide range of dimensionless incoming-wave frequencies and rotational frequencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 784-794 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Depth estimation ; magnetized layers ; long-wavelength anomalies ; spectral analysis ; reduction to the pole
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A large extent aeromagnetic survey, covering a 9°×9° degree of a Precambrian shield area in SE Brazil, was used to analyse long wavelength magnetic anomalies with the purpose of determining the magnetic structure of the lithosphere. Data analysis based on a novel approach to the estimation of the parameters in the statistical model ofSpector andGrant (1970), reveals a highly magnetized lower crust, bounded by an essentially non-magnetic upper mantle. The highly magnetized layer can be associated with a higher density lower crust model, derived from gravity and seismic data available in the area, suggesting a compositional transition from upper to lower crust. It was also verified that the operation of reduction to the pole, which is singular at the geomagnetic equator, performs quite satisfactorily at the low geomagnetic inclination of the area, bringing into accordance the long wavelength anomalies with the structural trends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 840-849 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Earthquake magnitude ; Magnitude-frequency relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between frequency and magnitude in homogeneous series of earthquakes is studied. The linear relation of Gutenberg and Richter between the logarithm of frequency and the magnitude is found to be applicable only in a restricted range of magnitudes. The plots of the cumulative number of earthquakes versus magnitude for 20 different series (the total number of events in a single series ranging from about 50 to more than 3000) clearly indicate the presence of vertical asymptotes. This fact suggests that upper and lower limits could exist for the magnitude of a single event, i.e. for the energy that can be released in an earthquake. From the position of the vertical asymptotes it is possible to obtain the upper and lower bounds of magnitude for each series of earthquakes. The empirical shape of the cumulative number-magnitude distribution can be well represented by equilateral hyperbolas. A ‘least χ2’ method has been used to obtain the best-fitting hyperbolas and corresponding the minimum and maximum magnitudes for each series. The shape of the frequency-magnitude relationship is discussed in lesser detail. It is found, however, that after suitable rescaling the earthquakes in each series follow much the same law, with a comparatively small scatter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 98-128 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 154-161 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 213-218 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 186-201 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Schlußfolgerungen 1. Auch bei den Seeigeleiern wirkt die Schwerkraft mit bei der Bestimmung der Richtung der ersten Furchungsspindel. 2. Wider Erwarten nimmt die Spindel die wagerechte Richtung unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft nicht an, sie ordnet sich hingegen um 45° gegen den Horizont an. 3. Wie die Versuche erweisen, ist die stabile Gleichgewichtslage zweier an Volumen und Gewicht einander gleichen beweglichen Kügelchen innerhalb einer Kugel, wenn die Summe ihrer Durchmesser dem Durchmesser der Kugel gleichkommt, gerade diejenige Lage, in welcher die beiden Kügelchen ihre Mittelpunkte auf einer um 45° gegen den Horizont geneigten Geraden haben, wie man es genau bei den Eiern der Seeigel beobachtet. 4. Diese Tatsache ist ein neuer untrüglicher Beweis dafür, daß die Karyokinesis wirklich in der schrittweisen Bildung und ebensolchem Wachstume zweier Kügelchen im Inneren der Mutterzelle besteht, welche bestimmt sind, die künftigen Tochterzellen zu werden. 5. Keine andere Erklärung der Karyokinesis kann uns bis jetzt Aufschluß darüber geben, daß und warum die erste Furchungsspindel sich unter der Einwirkung der Schwerkraft so verhält. 6. Die besagte Neigung der ersten Furchungsspindel erlaubt uns schließlich, zu erklären, wie die inäquale Furchung bei vielen Eiern von der ersten Teilung an ermöglicht wird, wofür sich keine Erklärung finden würde, wenn die erste Spindel horizontal wäre. 7. Die schräge Neigung der Spindel und die Ungleichheit der Furchung sind zwei Erscheinungen, welche eine auf die andere einwirken. Die von der Schwerkraft erzeugte Neigung ruft die Ungleichheit der Teilung hervor, und diese vergrößert die Neigung der Spindel. Die Schwerkraft ist also die erste Ursache dieser Tatsachen. 8. In der ungleichen Teilung wird die Spindel unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft, je größer der Unterschied zwischen dem Volumen und dem Gewichte der beiden Blastomeren ist, desto mehr das Bestreben haben, sich der vertikalen Richtung anzunähern, ohne sie jedoch jemals zu erreichen. Die Mikromere entsteht also um so mehr in der Nähe des oberen Eipoles je kleiner sie in bezug auf die Makromere ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 575-582 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 228-242 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 28-36 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Polarity ; Maternal effect ; Nurse cells ; Embryogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mutationdicephalic (dic) affects follicle development and thereby alters the antero-posterior polarity of embryonic patterning. It maps at a single locus (3–46.0±1.0) and can be characterized as a semi-dominant maternal effect mutation with low penetrance. Indic follicles, the 15 nurse cells form two clusters located at opposite poles of the oocyte; the numerical distribution of the nurse cells among the clusters varies from 7:8 to 1:14. Thedic egg shell carries a micropyle (anterior marker) at either pole, but the misshapen respiratory appendages are restricted to one of the two poles in most eggs. The malformed eggs rarely yield larvae and these are always abnormal anteriorly and/or posteriorly. The segment pattern expressed in their cuticle may represent two anterior parts of opposite polarities (double head type), two posterior parts of opposite polarities (double abdomen type, rare) or show uniform polarity. Lability of organization at the cystocyte stage appears as the primary developmental defect of the mutant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Triturus alpestris embryos ; Melanophores ; Xanthophores
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The change in distribution of melanophores from stage 28+ (uniform melanophore pattern) to stage 34 (banded melanophore pattern) and the participation of xanthophores in these changes has been investigated inTriturus alpestris embryos by studying the social behaviour of single cells. While melanophores are clearly visible from outside the embryo at stage 28+, xanthophores cannot be recognized from the outside until after stage 34. In ultrathin sections of stage 34 embryos, xanthophores are observed alternating with melanophores in a zonal distribution (Epperlein 1982). Using detached pieces of dorsolateral trunk skin, which retain their chromatophores after detachment, the entire distribution of melanophores and xanthophores can be visualized in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In ambiguous cases (early stages), cells were reprocessed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the presence of the characteristic pigment organelles was assessed. In addition, xanthophores were specifically identified by pteridine fluorescence with dilute ammonia. Pteridines were also identified chromatographically in skin homogenates. The combination of these methods allowed precise identification and quantitative determination of melanophores and xanthophores. Both cell types were present as codistributed, biochemically differentiated cells at stage 28+. Changes in the pattern up to stage 34 were due to the rearrangement at the epidermal-mesodermal interface of a relatively fixed number of melanophores which became preferentially localised at the dorsal somite edge and at the lateral plate mesoderm, and to the distribution of an increasing number of xanthophores to subepidermal locations in the dorsal fin and between the melanophore bands. Concomitant was an increase in the thickness of the epidermal basement membrane and a change in shape of chromatophores from elongate via stellate to rosette shaped, which may be correlated with a shift from migratory to sessile phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 68-68 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 64-67 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Hydra attenuata ; Recombination of ecto- and endoderm ; Polarity ; Morphogenetic gradients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ectoderm and endoderm of the gastric column ofHydra attenuata Pall. were separated from each other and reassembled with either the same (controls) or opposite polar orientation. The controls always regenerated a head and basal disc according to the original polarity. In those specimens in which the polarity of ecta- and endoderm was opposite 33 specimens out of 41 reconstituted a single polyp whose body axis was clearly identifiable. Of these cases 8 followed the polarity of the ectoderm, 3 obeyed that of the endoderm, and 22 formed axes perpendicular to the original longitudinal axis. In 5 cases 2 specimens regenerated from the reassembled specimens. It is thus demonstrated that axial polarity ofHydra is determined by both the ecto- and the endoderm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 112-118 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mollusca ; Mosaic development ; Polar lobe ; Determination ; Regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The significance of the first quartet of micromeres for the morphogenesis ofBithynia — a polar lobe-forming gastropod-has been studied by deletion experiments. After removal of the whole first quartet at the 8-cell stage a dorsoventrally organized veliger larva is formed. Apparently, an interaction between the animal micromeres and a vegetal macromere, which is essential for the origin of a dorsoventral organization in equally cleaving gastropods, is not required in polar lobe forming eggs. It is concluded that in these eggs dorsoventrality is determined by segregation of the polar lobe. The embryos, in which the first quartet has been removed, never develop head structures. This indicates that the capacity to form head structures is restricted to the first quartet of micromeres. Deletion of a specific first quartet micromere (1a, 1b, 1c or 1d) showed, however, that the individual cells of this quartet are not strictly determined right from their origin. Frequently regulative development was observed after removal of individual first quartet cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 127-133 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Primary hypoblast ; Chick ; Cell Proliferation ; Colchicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Proliferative patterns in colchicine treated embryos during the first few hours of incubation, Eyal-Giladi and Kochav stages XI–XIII, clarify the role of cell division in the anterolateral expansion of the primary hypoblast as well as the expansion of the entire blastoderm. A layer of primary hypoblast (extra-embryonic endoderm) can form in the absence of cell division. Colchicine, in concentrations used here, does not prevent ingression of cells from the upper layer to the primary hypoblast and establishment of intercellular contacts. These processes, however modified, remain sufficiently operative so that a hypoblast layer forms. In addition, colchicine does not prevent radial expansion of the whole blastoderm. The demonstrated distribution of proliferative rates in the blastoderm can be the source of cells for blastoderm radial expansion, shape changes and for hypoblast development supplementing ingression of cells from the upper layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 119-126 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Primary hypoblast ; Chick ; SEM ; Polyingression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates that the primary hypoblast forms beneath the area pellucida during the first 8 h of incubation mainly by establishment of contact among cells which move downward out of the epiblast. This movement, polyingression, begins posteriorly and continues antero-laterally during the period of primary hypoblast formation. Polyingression produces many pits and possibly a crescentic fold in the embryo upper surface with corresponding cell clusters and a ridge on the lower surface. Fixationin situ helps prevent formation of artifactual folds and wrinkles facilitating interpretation of the SEM images. Formation of intercellular adhesions which lead to development of an epithelial primary hypoblast proceeds in a posterior to anterior direction along with polyingression. This epithelialization begins with elaboration of numerous filamentous processes by cells as they arrive from the epiblast, and continues with ongoing input of cells, merging of cells and cell clusters, and cell flattening. We have also shown (Weinberger and Brick 1982) that proliferation of ingressing cells provides additional cells for hypoblast development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Cortical contraction ; Pronuclear migration ; Sperm trail ; Xenopus ; Amphibians
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cortical contraction begins 4 min after insemination and one minute after prick activation. During the next 4 min, the pigment margin moves 15 degrees toward the animal pole. The cortex then relaxes to the prefertilization level over the next 10 min. Contrary to earlier estimations, the cortical contraction occurs during the same time span as the wave of cortical granule exocytosis. We suggest that the two events may result from a common stimulus. The sperm trail (ST) forms during the relaxation of the cortex. The ST first appears as a conically-shaped trail of pigment in the cytoplasm; it then elongates into a funnel-shaped trail as the male pronucleus migrates into the egg. The base of the cytoplasmic ST can be seen on the surface of the egg as a circular condensation of pigment. The male and female pronuclei migrate at a constant rate of 12 μm per minute. The male pronucleus migrates by the enlargement of its aster, whereas, it appears that the female pronucleus is dependent on the male aster for its motion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 246-256 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Tubifex egg ; Ooplasmic segregation ; Pole plasm ; Microfilaments ; Cytochalasin B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ooplasmic segregation, i.e. the accumulation of pole plasm in theTubifex egg, consists of two steps: (1) Cytoplasm devoid of yolk granules and lipid droplets migrates toward the egg periphery and forms a continuous subcortical layer around the whole egg; (2) the subcortical cytoplasm moves along the surface toward the animal pole in the animal hemisphere and toward the vegetal pole in the vegetal hemisphere, and finally accumulates at both poles of the egg to form the animal and vegetal pole plasms. Whereas the subcortical layer increases in volume during the first step, it decreases during the second step. This is ascribed to the compact rearrangement in the subcortical layer of membraneous organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. The number of membraneous organelles associated with the cortical layer increases during the second step. Electron microscopy reveals the presence of microfilaments not only in the cortical layer but also in the subcortical layer. Subcortical microfilaments link membraneous organelles to form networks; some are associated with bundles of cortical microfilaments. The thickness of the cortical layer differs regionally. The pattern of this difference does not change during the second step. On the other hand, the subcortical cytoplasm moves ahead of the ‘stationary’ cortical layer. The accumulation of pole plasm is blocked by cytochalasin B but not by colchicine. The first step of this process is less sensitive to cytochalasin B than the second step, suggesting that these two steps are controlled by differnt mechanisms. The mechanical aspects of ooplasmic segregation in theTubifex egg are discussed in the light of the present observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 264-269 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Sexcombless ; Foreleg basitarsus ; Genital disc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The chromosome which carries the mutationsexcombless (In(1)sx) affects males and females ofD. melanogaster. In the male foreleg basitarsi the number of sexcomb teeth is dramatically reduced from 10 to 0.7 and the number of transverse rows of bristles is increased from 6 to 8. Females homozygous forIn(1)sx show a normal bristle pattern in the foreleg basitarsus. The genital disc derivatives of both male and femaleIn(1)sx flies are strongly affected. While the external genitalia show a duplicated or a reduced bristle pattern, the internal genitalia are mostly absent. However, the sexually dimorphic tergites and sternites of the abdomen remain unaffected. The male-specific effect on the basitarsus and the general effects on the genital disc derivatives are proposed to represent two different phenotypic effects ofIn(1)sx which may derive from mutations at different gene loci in the inverted chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 270-276 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Stored poly(A)RNA ; RNP particles ; α-amanitin ; Cordycepin ; Interstitial cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The formation of tentacles and stolons during metamorphosis is severely disturbed if inhibitors of mRNA metabolism are applied during certain phases of development. The periods of sensitivity to α-amanitin are late gastrulation and the disk stage of metamorphosis. A cordycepin sensitive phase exists during the first hour of metamorphosis. In all drug sensitive phases an enhanced poly(A) synthesis is found indicating increased mRNA metabolism in these stages. Pulse-chase experiments show that planula larvae store a poly(A)-rich RNA population sedimenting between 28–18s. These long living molecules are of embryonic origin, are located in RNP particles and are degraded during metamorphosis. The particles in question appear to be stored mainly in interstitial cells. In early metamorphosis no uridine is incorporated but labelled poly(A) is added to preexisting molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 281-284 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mammals ; Brain cortex ; Gangliosides ; Glycoproteins ; AChE ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Developmental profiles of 11 gangliosides, concentration of lipid- and glycoprotein-bound sialic acid, and activity of AChE of the rat and mouse cerebral cortex were followed from the 7th day of gestation to the 21st postnatal day. There are three main changes in ganglioside concentration, which are similar in both species. The first occurs from gestation day 10 until birth: parallel to decreased proliferation, cell migration, and neuroblast differentiation, GM3 and GD3 in mouse cortex and GD3 in the rat's decreases in favor of GQ1b, GT1b, and GD1a. The second occurs from birth until the first postnatal week: Parallel to increased growth and arborization of dendrites and axons as well as synaptogenesis in rats and mice, there is a two-fold rise of GD1a, whereas GQ1b and GT1b remain on a nearly constant level. Concomitantly, GM3 and GD3 decreases. The third period of ganglioside changes starts in the second postnatal week, parallel to onset of myelination, and is characterized by an increase of GM1 in parallel with a decrease of the polysialogangliosides GT1b and GQ1b.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 285-288 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Imaginal discs ; homoeosis ; Compartments ; Aldehyde oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The aldehyde oxidase staining pattern in wing discs ofDrosophila melanogaster bearing the genotypesap blt /ap blt andap blt andap blt /ap 73n showns changes from the wild-type pattern. Extensive areas of the presumptive dorsal posterior wing blade, which are normally unstained, have enzyme activity in these mutants. In wings of these genotypes, dorsal posterior structures are replaced by dorsal anterior wing structures. A strong correlation has been found between the frequencies of various staining patterns in the discs and the extent of transformation in the cuticular structures of the wing, which is consistent with the idea that aldehyde oxidase activity can be used as an indicator in the wing disc of this transformation. Unlike the homoeotic mutationengrailed, apterous has not been interpreted as a selector gene yet the work reported here shows thatapterous alleles can cause changes resembling those of theengrailed phenotype both in aldehyde oxidase staining behaviour and in the cuticular transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 301-308 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Enzyme Patterns ; Imaginal discs ; D. melanogaster ; Territories ; Pattern formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Analysis of the development of the aldehyde oxidase (AO) pattern in the wing pouch ofD. melanogaster showed that the extension of areas with AO activity occurs in steps. This indicates that the activation of this enzyme is regulated in groups of cells. It is proposed to use the term ‘territory’ for such a cell group. In the wing pouches ofD. melanogaster, D. simulans andMusca, corresponding parts of the disc become AO positive at comparable developmental stages. This indicates that AO becomes active in individual territories in a specific sequence. Borderlines of the distribution pattern of different enzymes in the wing pouch ofDrosophila and other dipteran species are in agreement with those found for the development of the AO pattern or are complementary to them. This indicates the existence of a common set of territories in the wing pouches of all higher diptera. Borderlines of patterns, as caused by different genetic constitution, are also in accord with this set of territories. The borderlines of some territories coincide with the compartmental A/P or D/V boundary. The results support the idea that both the location of compartmental boundaries and that of borderlines of enzyme territories are determined by a single mechanism. The distribution and the shape of the territories in the wing pouch is best explained by the reaction-diffusion model proposed by Meinhardt (1980), which involves three different gradients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Thymus ; Amphibia ; Cell populations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Twenty days after fertilization (stage 40) the thymus ofPleurodeles waltlii consists of two main cell types: epithelial reticular cells (71%) and lymphoid stem-cells (24%). Between day 20 and day 72 (stage 53) the lymphoid stem-cells differentiate into lymphocytes, via the lymphoblast state. Commencing at day 20, epithelial reticular cells are transformed into epithelial reticular dense cells. Following day 65, other epithelial reticular cells begin to differentiate into epithelial hypertrophic cells, and these subsequently form thymic cysts. During this whole period intense proliferation takes place. The three types of polynuclear cells (neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil), the macrophages, and the plasmocytes differentiate outside the thymus then migrate into it through the vascular system. Around day 72 (stage 53), the mature thymus consists of two parts: the first is visible as a background or cortex-like area, the second comprises medulla like spots, formed by small numbers of cysts. Around metamorphosis the cell populations reach a stable state. After metamorphosis the relative frequency of the lymphoid cell population progressively decreases, while the proportion of epithelial hypertrophic cells, together with cyst surface area, is increased. Consequently the ratio of cysts/background area increases with age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 331-334 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Genetic mosaics ; Cell autonomy ; Cell affinities ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary InDrosophila melanogaster, segmental specification takes place in groups of cells around the blastoderm stage. This segmental specification requires the function of the genes of the bithorax-complex. We have studied preblastoderm mosaics (gynandromorphs) of mutant (bx 3,pbx, Ubx, Ubx 80) and wildtype (heterozygotes for these alleles) cells. The results show a total cell autonomy in the differentiation of both wildtype and homoeotially transformed cells. However, several unexpected phenotypes were found. They are discussed in terms of the function of the bithorax genes and early interactions between mutant and wildtype territories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 335-339 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Gap junction ; Wing disc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The distribution of gap junctions in mature larvalDrosophila melanogaster wing discs was analyzed by means of quantitative electron microscopy. Gap junctions are non-randomly distributed in the proximal-distal disc axis and in the apical-basal cell axis of the epithelium. In the epithelial cells, the surface density, number and length of gap junctions are greatest in the apical cell region and distal disc region. The average gap junction surface density is 0.0572 μm−1 and 2.77% of the lateral cell surface is composed of gap junctions. In the adepithelial cells, the gap junction surface density is 0.0005 μm−1 and 0.06% of the cell surface is composed of gap junctions. No gap junctions were observed between epithelial cells and adepithelial cells. The absolute area of gap junctions was estimated in a proximal-distal strip of cells in the disc and is considerably less in the folded regions of the epithelium compared to the flat notum and wing pouch regions. The results are discussed with respect to pattern formation and growth control in imaginal discs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 348-354 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Dictyostelium ; Pattern Formation ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Chemotaxis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Scanning electron microscopic observations ofDictyostelium discoideum cell masses during slug formation revealed two populations around the anterior tip; one group of cells resembled elongated aggregation stream cells and their orientation suggested that they move to the tip, whereas the other group of cells were isodiametric and showed no obvious orientation. In seeking further evidence for a role of differential cAMP chemotaxis in the orientation and movement of slug cells the anterior prestalk cells were compared to the posterior prespore cells in two chemotaxis tests. When a cell mass is placed on cAMP agar the prestalk cells exhibited better movement to cAMP sources but when the gradient was generated in a diffusion chamber the prestalk cells did not. This evidence suggested that the cells which are better able to generate a cAMP gradient might form part of the anterior zone of the slug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 366-370 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Polyadenylated RNA ; Complementary repetitive sequences ; Protein coding sequences ; Gene regulation ; Xenopus embryo
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopy revealed that transcripts of complementary repetitive sequence elements are widely distributed among long poly (A) containing RNA molecules of Xenopus laevis. cDNA/RNA hybridization experiments suggest that many of these polyadenylated transcripts carry protein coding sequences which are interrupted by repetitive elements. Our in-vitro translation experiments indicate that removal of repetitive elements must precede the utilization of protein coding sequences associated with them. Thus processing of maternal transcripts may be of significance in the regulation of gene expression during early development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 191 (1982), S. 381-384 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Polyteny ; DNA content ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The amounts of DNA in midgut and Malpighian tubule cells of adult maleDrosophila melanogaster have been determined by Feulgen-DNA cytophotometry. The DNA values fall into discrete classes reflecting different levels of polyteny. The maximum level is 64C in the midgut, 256C in Malpighian tubules, and the modal values are 32C and 128C respectively. The data provide no evidence for extensive underreplication of heterochromatin. It is suggested that the reduced amount of satellite DNA found in the tissues of young adult flies may be a consequence of the fact that cycles of DNA replication started in the pre-adult stages are not completed until some hours after eclosion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 74-97 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 129-153 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 177-185 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 241-279 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 202-212 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Schlußfolgerungen 1. Die Spindel im Innern des Eies ist sehr beweglich; das kleinste Hindernis genügt, um sie von ihrer Richtung abzulenken. 2. Es ist nicht richtig, daß die erste Furchungsspindel in den Seeigeleiern eine ganz beliebige Richtung, wie O.Hertwig meinte, annehme und infolgedessen von der Wirkung der Schwerkraft freibleibe. 3. Sie erfährt hingegen diese Wirkung immer, in welcher Lage das Ei sich auch befinde, aber sie lagert sich nicht horizontal, wie man im allgemeinen glaubt, vielmehr bildet sie mit der Horizontalen einen Winkel von 45°, wieGiglio-Tos schon bewiesen hat. 4. Im übrigen ist, wieGiglio-Tos ebenfalls bewiesen hat, diese Neigung gerade dieselbe, welche zwei bewegliche Kügelchen innerhalb einer Kugel unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft im stabilen Gleichgewicht einnehmen, wenn die Summe ihrer Durchmesser einen gewissen Wert im Vergleiche zu demjenigen der Kugel übertrifft. 5. Es ist auch nicht richtig, daß die Spindel sich längs der Richtung der größten Massen des Protoplasmas anordnet, wie es das wohlbekannte, als empirisch bezeichnete Gesetz von O.Hertwig als gültig oder wahrscheinlich hinstellen möchte. Wenn dieses Gesetz zuträfe, so müßte die Spindel in den kugelförmigen Eiern unterschiedslos jede beliebige Lage einnehmen, wohingegen festgestellt wird, daß sie unter der Einwirkung der Schwerkraft immer eine bestimmte Richtung einnimmt. Wenn übrigens die kugelförmigen Eier in Röhren eingeführt werden, deren innere Weiten dem Durchmesser des Eies gleich sind, so erleidet dieses natürlich keinerlei Deformation und bewahrt also seine ursprüngliche Kugelform. Dennoch erfährt auch in solchen Fällen die Spindel eine offensichtliche Ablenkung, welche durch das Hindernis verursacht wird, das ihr in den Röhrenwänden während ihrer Verlängerung begegnet. 6. Die von der Spindel während der Teilung erlittenen Ablenkungen, welche von uns beobachtet wurden, stimmen genau, insoweit man das bei dieser Art von Versuchen verlangen kann, mit denjenigen überein, welche theoretisch vonGiglio-Tos bestimmt worden sind, abgesehen von den Ausnahmen, deren Erläuterung in den vorhergehenden Seiten gegeben wurde. 7. Die Ergebnisse dieser Beobachtungen sind also geeignet, zu beweisen, daß das caryokinetische Phänomen, wieGiglio-Tos behauptet, in der Bildung und dem schrittweisen Wachstum zweier Kügelchen besteht, welche danach die Tochterzellen werden. Weil dem so ist, so kann das karyokinetische Phänomen nicht vor sich gehen ohne eine bestimmte Verlängerung der Zelle, und nur mit dieser Verlängerung kann man die Ablenkung erklären, welche die Spindel erfährt, wenn sie irgendein Hindernis antrifft.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 423-455 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 299-313 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 314-328 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 329-354 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 400-406 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 557-574 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 727-828 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 87-137 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 171-202 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 625-650 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 672-678 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 596-608 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 739-760 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 203-227 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 283-321 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 322-387 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 417-462 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 1-53 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 54-73 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 162-176 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 219-240 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 407-422 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Hyperthyreoidismus ruft vorzeitig Mausern hervor; ihre Intensität und ihr Eintritt ist abhängig von der Menge der Schilddrüsensubstanz, vom Gewicht und von der Individualität der Tiere, nicht aber von deren Geschlecht. 2. Das vor dem Versuch sattschwarze Gefieder mit Glanz (rassentypisch) wird nach der Mauser mattschwarz bzw. sepiabraun bis weiß. Die Depigmentierung zeigt qualitative und auch quantitative Schwankungen. 3. Die Depigmentierung ist bei Hennen größer als bei Hähnen. 4. Schon kleine Dosen bewirken eine Depigmentierung ohne gleichzeitigen Eintritt der Mauser. 5. Neue Federn wachsen sehr rasch; beinahe überstürzt die Steuerfedern und großen Sicheln, bei denen die anhaftende Federnscheide ein Mißverhältnis zwischen der Fahne und der anscheinend großen Spule entstehen läßt. 6. Die Federn sind mangelhaft ausgebildet und zeigen Fehlstreifen. (Riddles Typus I und II.) 7. Ununterbrochen verabreicht, führt die Schilddrüsenfütterung, auch in kleinen Dosen, den Vergiftungstod herbei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 456-480 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Eine sich über 6–7 Wochen erstreckende subcutane Verabreichung von Dijodtyrosin in täglichen Dosen von 2 mg ruft bei erwachsenen weißen Mäusen bei uneingeschränkter Nahrungszufuhr keine äußerlich erkennbaren Veränderungen hervor. Auch bei Darreichung von steigenden Mengen (von täglich 1 mg bis 2 mg) treten unter den gleichen Bedingungen keinerlei thyreotoxische Symptome auf. 2. Bei Nahrungsbeschränkung auf eine für normale Tiere zur Erhaltung des Körpergewichtes ausreichende Futtermenge hat die Darreichung von Dijodtyrosin einen beträchtlichen Rückgang des Körpergewichtes zur Folge. 3. In größeren Dosen (über 0,95 mg pro Gramm Körpergewicht) wirkt Dijodtyrosin bei subcutaner Verabreichung tödlich. 4. Schon kurz dauernde subcutane Verabreichung geringer Mengen von Dijodtyrosin bewirkt eine erhebliche Verminderung des Glykogengehaltes der Leber. Geschlechtliche Unterschiede treten dabei im Gegensatz zum Verhalten gegenüber Acetonitril nicht zu Tage. Jodäquivalente Mengen von Jodnatrium drücken dagegen den Glykogengehalt der Leber nicht herab, sondern steigern ihn eher. 5. Mehrmalige subcutane Einspritzung von Dijodtyrosin verleiht weiblichen Mäusen Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen die zwei- bis dreifache tödliche Dosis Acetonitril, während sich bei Männchen keine sichere Schutzwirkung zeigt. 6. Die Schutzwirkung des Thyroxins ist erheblich stärker, als die des Dijodtyrosins. Es genügt hier die mehrmalige Einspritzung von 0,04 mg, um männliche wie weibliche Mäuse gegen die dreifach tödliche Dosis Acetonitrilgabe zu schützen. Dijodindolpropionsäure ist, in der gleichen Menge verabreicht, unwirksam. 7. Eine einmalige subcutane oder stomachale Zufuhr von Dijodtyrosin steigert selbst bei Verabreichung großer Mengen die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Acetonitril weder bei weiblichen noch bei männlichen Tieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 605-624 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die auf Larven vonRana fusca undBombinator überpflanzte Zirbel von Rindern ruft eine harmonische Entwicklungs- und bei jüngerenBombinator-Larven auch Wachstumsbeschleunigung hervor. 2. Die Zirbel ist als ein inkretorisches Organ mit morphogenetischer Bedeutung anzusprechen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 413-416 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 388-412 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 490-524 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 679-683 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 107 (1926), S. 833-833 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 1-67 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 138-145 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 487-489 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 563-571 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 609-616 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 708-720 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 108 (1926), S. 680-707 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Es wurde eine verbesserte Methode der künstlichen Befruchtung beim Frosch angegeben. 2. Durch Prüfung der Nachkommen desselben Tieres, wenn es unbeeinflußt und alkoholvergiftet war, konnte in eindeutiger Weise der Alkoholeffekt abgelesen werden. 3. Es zeigte sich, wie in den früheren Versuchen, daß leichte Alkoholisierung der Eltern eine größere Nachkommenzahl verursacht, als sie bei den Kontrollen zu finden war. Schwere setzt die Befruchtungszahl herab. 4. Irgendwelche Mißbildungen, die sich von einer Keimesschädigung durch Alkohol ableiten ließen, konnten auch in dieser Untersuchung nicht gefunden werden. 5. Um irgendwelche latente Unterschiede zwischen Alkoholikerkindern und normalen aufzusuchen, wurde die Toleranz der Nachkommen gegen Alkohol, in einer Versuchsreihe auch die Entwicklung bis zur Metamorphose, die Regenerationskraft und das Geschlecht beobachtet. 6. Es ergab sich eine Herabsetzung der Empfindlichkeitsschwelle bei Alkoholisierung des Vaters, gleichgültig, ob dieselbe schwer oder leicht war. 7. Die Durchschnittsgröße und die Regenerationskraft der Nachkommen war bei schwerer Vergiftung des Vaters herabgesetzt, die Metamorphose deutlich verzögert, das Geschlecht nach der weiblichen Seite um ein Geringes verschoben. 8. Die Erhöhung der Empfindlichkeit gegen Alkohol bei den Nachkommen wurde dann nicht mehr beobachtet, wenn die väterlichen Gameten nach der Vergiftung sich mehrere Stunden in Leitungswasser erholen konnten. 9. Es besteht demnach außer der dynamischen eine materielle Beeinflußbarkeit des Keimplasmas, die aber reversibel ist. 10. Diese Wirkung wurde auf die Fähigkeit des Alkohols zurückgeführt, den Quellungszustand der Biokolloide zu beeinflussen, wobei angenommen wurde, daß der jeweilige Zustand durch die Amphimixis fixiert erhalten bleibt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...