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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a stochastic model to the frequency and duration of monsoon rainfall (1982)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 79-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Monsoon ; Rainfall ; Tropical meteorology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with an application of a stochastic model to the frequency and duration of precipitation events. With the aid of the model, the magnitudes ofmth highest rainfall amount in 24 hours' duration with 97.5% probability are obtained for various climatic regimes over a tropical monsoon region. There is good agreement between them-day minimum rainfall estimated through the model and the observed value. The model satisfactorily explains the frequency of the extreme rainfall event.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879428
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The spatial and temporal characteristics of the seasonal precipitation over India (1985)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 123 (1985), S. 468-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seasonal precipitation ; eigenvector ; spatial similarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Three extreme cases of seasonal precipitation over 31 contiguous meteorological subdivisions of India were decomposed into orthogonal components using eigenvector technique to examine their spatial and temporal behaviour. The first two eigenvectors combined were found to represent the seasonal precipitation over India to a sufficient high degree of accuracy retaining 90–95 percent of the total variance. These two components show high spatial similarity in all the three cases of the precipitation examined. The first component is characterized by a coherent variation over the area with large coherent variation over the north-east India, Central India and the west coast of India. The coefficients of the component show annual behaviour with the peak values generally reached during July. This component is representative of the summer monsoon (June–September) mode. The second component characterizes out of phase variation in precipitation between Central India, adjoining parts of the area, and peninsular India. The coefficients of the component show the semi-annual oscillation. It appears that the role of the second eigenvector might be to represent regionality of the seasonal march of the monsoon rain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880745
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available potential energy generation due to sensible heating and frictional dissipation of kinetic energy in an Arabian sea cyclone (1978)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 27 (1978), S. 273-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird die Erzeugung verfügbarer potentieller Energie (APE) durch sensible Erwärmung und durch Verbrauch kinetischer Energie durch Reibung für drei Entwicklungsstadien eines zyklonischen Systems über dem Arabischen Meer untersucht. Dazu wird ein von Johnson [4] vorgeschlagenes und von Bullock und Johnson [1] auf außertropische Zyklonen angewendetes diagnostisches Advektions-Modell benutzt. Dabei wird ein begrenztes Volumen, das die wichtigeren Zirkulationsmerkmale des Zyklonensystems in der Grundschicht vom Boden bis 850 mbar enthält, in Betracht gezogen. Es werden nur die aus dem Fluß fühlbarer Wärme innerhalb der Mischungsschicht sich ergebende diabatische Erwärmungskomponente und der Verbrauch kinetischer Energie durch Reibung errechnet. In der Grundschicht des Zyklonenbereiches ergibt sich eine Erzeugung von APE im östlichen Sektor und eine negative Entwicklung westlich davon. Die nahezu verschwindenden Mittelwerte der erzeugung von APE im gesamten Bereich deuten auf einen wenig wirksamen Mechanismus für die Erzeugung von APE durch die fühlbare Erwärmung hin. Die Zerstreuungswerte von 12,4 W m−2, 9,0 W m−2 und 4,4 W m−2 für die drei in Betracht gezogenen Zeiten sind mit anderen ähnlichen Studien vergleichbar. Die in dieser Studie im Vergleich mit dem Verbrauch kinetischer Energie durch Reibung festgestellten kleinen Wert der Erzeugung von APE durch fühlbare Erwärmung sind vielleicht ein Hinweis auf die relative Bedeutung anderer diabatischer Faktoren für die Erzeugung von APE und für die Au frechterhaltung der kinetischen Energie der Zyklone gegen die Reibungsverluste.
    Notes: Summary The generation of available potential energy (APE) due to sensible heating and fractional dissipation of kinetic energy for three times during the life cycle of a cyclonic system over the Arabian sea are studied. The diagnostic advective model as suggested by Johnson [4] and used by Bullock and Johnson [1] for extra tropical cyclones is used. The limited volume containing the major circulation features of the storm system within the boundary sublayers (surface-850 mb) are considered Only the diabatic heating component arising out of sensible heat flux within the mixed layer and the frictional dissipation of kinetic energy are computed. Within the boundary sublayers of the storm volume there is a generation of APE in the eastern sector and a negative generation to the west of it. The near zero values of mean generation within the volume indicate an inefficient mechanism as far as the generation by sensible heating is concerned. Dissipation values of 12.4 W/m2, 9.0 W/m2, and 4.4 W/m2 for the three times considered are comparable to other similar studies. Small values of APE generation by sensible heating in this case study compared to the frictional dissipation of kinetic energy is perhaps an indication of relative importance of other diabatic factors in generating APE and maintaining the storm's kinetic energy against frictional dissipation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247951
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of 10-day summer monsson rainfall over India (1978)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 27 (1978), S. 317-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Vorhersage zehntägiger Niederschläge für jeden Monsunmonat (Juni bis September) wurden Regressionsgleichungen entwickelt, die für 14 meteorologische Regionen hauptsächlich in West-, Nordwest- und Zentralindien gelten. Als mögliche Prädiktoren wurden fünftägige Mittelwerte der 700 mb-Topographie und deren Anomalien an 104 Netzpunkten zwischen 10° und 45°N, 20° und 145°E, sowie regionale Niederschläge während der vergangenen 24 Stunden ausgesucht. Diese 209 Prädikatoren wurden zunächst durch einen stufenweisen Vorgang und schließlich durch eine geordnete Selektionsmethode nach ihrer Signifikanz sortiert. Verifikation an Hand eines beschränkten Datenmaterials von 12 Fällen zeigte für Juni und September mäßigen Erfolg in der Vorhersage des zehntägigen Niederschlages etlicher Regionen, wobei der Niederschlag in drei Klassen gleicher Wahrscheinlichkeit gruppiert wurde. Die im Laufe dieser Studie entwickelten Regressionsgleichungen sind derzeit noch nicht für den täglichen Gebrauch bestimmt. Weitere Entwicklungsarbeit ist erforderlich, bevor die gesamten Möglichkeiten dieser synoptisch-statistischen Methode ausgeschöpft werden können. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß die 700 mb-Topographie über dem Arabischen Meer und in der Nähe von Japan signifikante negative bzw. positive Korrelationskoeffizienten mit dem zehntägigen Niederschlag für die meisten der betrachteten Regionen während sämtlicher Monsunmonate liefert. Eine Erklärung dieser Zusammenhänge wird in dieser Abhandlung versucht.
    Notes: Summary Linear regression equations are developed for predicting 10-day rainfall in each monsoon month (June through September) of 14 meteorological subdivisions lying mainly in Western, North-Western and Central India. The potential predictors considered are 5-day mean 700 mb level contour heights and their anomalies at 104 grid points covering an area between 10° to 45°N and 20° to 145°E, and past 24 hour rainfall of the subdivision concerned. The 209 predictors are preliminarily screened by stagewise procedure and finally screened by forward selection procedure. The verification conducted on limited data of 12 cases revealed moderate success in June and September in predicting the 10-day rainfall of some subdivisions in 3 equally probable classes. The equations developed in the study are not suitable for operational use. Further work on this line is necessary before full potential of synoptic-statistical methods is realised. It is found that the contour heights over the Arabian sea and near Japan bear respectively significant negative and positive correlation coefficients with the 10-day rainfall of most of the subdivisions considered in all the months. Explanation of these relationships is attempted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247954
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Teleconnections: Northern hemisphere lower stratospheric geopotential heights and Indian monsoon rainfall (1999)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 69 (1999), S. 195-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary In this study a search for teleconnection is made between the Northern Hemisphere lower stratospheric geopotential heights and Indian Monsoon Rainfall (IMR) through the correlation analysis approach. Monthly grid-point 50 hPa geopotential height data and the June to September IMR are used for the period 1958–1990. Analysis reveal that there are domains over the Northern Hemisphere where the variation of the geopotential heights during the preceding months of the monsoon period are related with the interannual behaviour of the IMR. During January and February significant positive correlations are seen along the lower latitudes (10°–20° N). However, the maximum relationship is seen during March, with high positive correlations over the Canadian sector and negative correlations over the east Asian sector. The correlation configuration weakens considerably, once the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) cases are excluded, suggesting that the correlation pattern obtained may be a manifestation of the ENSO cycle. Implications of these results in the long range forecasting of IMR are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01030421
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stratospheric zonal wind and temperature in relation to summer monsoon rainfall over India (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 67 (2000), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary  The interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon (June–September) rainfall is examined in relation to the stratospheric zonal wind and temperature fluctuations at three stations, widely spaced apart. The data analyzed are for Balboa, Ascension and Singapore, equatorial stations using recent period (1964–1994) data, at each of the 10, 30 and 50 hPa levels. The 10 hPa zonal wind for Balboa and Ascension during January and the 30 hPa zonal wind for Balboa during April are found to be positively correlated with the subsequent Indian summer monsoon rainfall, whereas the temperature at 10 hPa for Ascension during May is negatively correlated with Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The relationship with stratospheric temperatures appears to be the best, and is found to be stable over the period of analysis. Stratospheric temperature is also significantly correlated with the summer monsoon rainfall over a large and coherent region, in the north-west of India. Thus, the 10 hPa temperature for Ascension in May appears to be useful for forecasting summer monsoon rainfall for not only the whole of India, but also for a smaller region lying to the north-west of India.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007040070001
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  • 7
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    Hierarchical multiscale model for biomechanics analysis of microfilament networks (2013)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-21
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 8
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    Monsoon rainfall and southern oscillation responses in the pressures over the Northern Indian Ocean (1988)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0256-1530
    Electronic ISSN: 1861-9533
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Large-Scale features of the indian summer monsoon rainfall and their association with some oceanic and atmospheric variables (1988)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0256-1530
    Electronic ISSN: 1861-9533
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Relationship between 500 hPa ridge axis positions over the indian and the west Pacific regions and the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (1986)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0256-1530
    Electronic ISSN: 1861-9533
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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