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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Greatest observed one-day point and areal rainfall of India (1981)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 119 (1981), S. 922-933 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Extreme precipitation ; Tropical meteorology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The greatest one-day rain amounts recorded at individual stations in the country during the last 41-year period from 1940 onwards were examined for all observatories as well as State rain-gauge stations in an attempt to bring out up-to-date information on the greatest recorded point rainfall for the duration of one day. Outstanding one-day point rainfall amounts recorded prior to 1940 were also examined and have been included in this note along with their date and year of occurrence by way of comparison. A generalized chart has been prepared based on the percentage ratios of the greatest one-day rainfall to the mean annual rainfall of about 300 observatory stations distributed uniformly over the entire country. On the basis of Depth-Area-Duration (DAD) analyses of the most severe rainstorms which occurred over different plain areas of the country, it has been found that the 2 July, 1941, rainstorm gave the highest areal rain depths in the country for different areas. Comparison with similar areal rain depths of the tropical USA has shown that rain depths of the July, 1941, rainstorm were higher for all areas excepting the areas of 500 sq. miles (1295 sq. km) and 1000 sq. miles (2590 sq. km).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878960
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Was the July 1981 rainstorm over Rajasthan unprecedented? (1982)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 120 (1982), S. 483-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Flood ; Precipitation ; Tropical meteorology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The rainstorm of 17 to 21 July 1981 which caused exceptionally heavy rains and floods in arid Rajasthan, was analysed. It was observed that 7 stations in the rainstorm area broke their previous 80-year record of one-day rainfall, and two of these stations equalled their respective estimates of probable maximum precipitation (PMP). A comparison of areal raindepths of this rainstorm with the similar raindepths of past severe-most rainstorms of this region showed that this rainstorm gave unprecedented raindepths up to about 38 850 sq. km (i.e. 15 000 sq. miles) for a 3-day duration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879831
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absence of tropical disturbances and rainfall distribution during the summer monsoon months over India (1982)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 31 (1982), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Niederschlagsverteilung in Indien nördlich von 15°N mit Ausschluß der Gebirgsgebiete des Himalaya und des Nordostens von Indien in den Monsunmonaten Juni bis September untersucht, in denen in der 80jährigen Periode von 1891–1970 keine tropischen Störungen (Monsun-Depressionen, Zyklonen) auftraten. Die Untersuchung hat ergeben, daß in den einzelnen Monaten das Fehlen dieser Störungen in Verbindung mit anderen meteorologischen Situationen wie verspäteter Einsatz des Monsuns im Juni oder sein verfrühtes Ende im September, eine Verlagerung der Achse des jahreszeitlichen Monsuntroges von ihrer normalen Lage gegen Norden und das Ausbleiben von Tiefdruck systemen und ihrer Verlagerung entlang der Trogachse nach Westen, eine beträchtliche Abnahme der Regenfälle über Indien verursachen kann. Von den vier Monsunmonaten scheint der September durch das Fehlen der Störungen am stärksten betroffen zu sein.
    Notes: Summary The distribution of rainfall over the Indian land area north of lat. 15°N, excluding hilly sub-divisions of the Himalayas and northeast India, has been studied for those monsoon months of June to September which did not experience tropical disturbances (i.e. monsoon depressions/cyclonic storms) during the 80-year period from 1891. This study has shown that in individual monsoon months, absence of these disturbances coupled with certain other meteorological situations, such as (a) delayed onset of monsoon in June or its early withdrawal in September, (b) northward shift of the axis of the seasonal monsoon trough from its normal position and or (c) non-occurrence of low pressure systems and their westward movement along the trough axis, can cause substantial decrease of rainfall over the Indian area. Of the 4 monsoon months, the month of September appears to be the worst affected by the absence of these disturbances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257746
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rainstorms which contributed greatest areal rain depths in India (1980)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1980), S. 119-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Analyse einer großen Zahl von Groß-Regenfällen in Verbindung mit tropischen Depressionen, Zyklonen und schweren Unwettern hat ergeben, daß Groß-Regenfälle im September 1880 und im Juli 1927 über die Niederung des Landes die größten Flächenniederschlagshöhen in Indien brachten. Diese Rekord-Niederschlagshöhen wurden für verschiedene Flächengrößen und Andauern bestimmt und mit ähnlichen Rekord-Flächenniederschlagshöhen über dem tropischen Gebiet der USA verglichen. Diese Untersuchung hat gezeigt, daß für Andauern von zwei und drei Tagen die Rekord-Flächenniederschlagshöhen in Indien größer waren als in den USA. Für die Andauer von einem Tag waren bis zu einer Fläche von 5180 km2 (2000 Quadratmeilen) diese Flächenniederschlagshöhen in den USA größer, für größere Flächen waren sie aber in Indien entweder größer oder nahezu gleich wie in den USA.
    Notes: Summary On the basis of analysis of a large number of rainstorms associated with tropical disturbances such as depressions, cyclonic storms and severe storms, it has been found that September, 1880 and July, 1927 rainstorms over the plain areas of the country gave the highest areal rain depths in India. These rain depths have been worked out for different areas and durations and have been compared with the similar areal rain depths over the tropical region of USA. This study has shown that for durations of 2 and 3 days, Indian areal rain depths have been higher in magnitude when compared to USA rain depths. For one-day duration, upto 5180 sq.km (2000 sq.miles) area, USA areal rain depths are greater, while for larger areas Indian rain depths are either higher or almost equal with that of USA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247737
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On waves due to rolling of a ship in water of finite depth (1996)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 67 (1996), S. 35-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words linear theory ; rolling ship ; eigenfunction expansion ; hypersingular integral equation ; wave amplitude
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The problem of the generation of waves due to small rolling oscillations of a thin vertical plate partially immersed in uniform finite-depth water is investigated here by utilizing two mathematical methods assuming the linearised theory of water waves. In the first method, the use of eigenfunction expansion of the velocity potentials on the two sides of the plate produces the amplitude of wave motion at infinity in terms of an integral involving the unknown horizontal velocity across the gap, and also in terms of another integral involving the unknown difference of the potential across the plate. These unknown functions satisfy two integral equations. Any one of these, when solved numerically, can be used to compute the amplitude of the wave motion set up at either infinity on the two sides of the plate for various values of the wave number. In the second method, the problem is formulated in terms of a hypersingular integral equation involving the difference of the potential function across the plate. The hypersingular integral equation is solved numerically, and its numerical solution is used to compute the wave amplitude at infinity. The two methods produce almost the same numerical results. The results are illustrated graphically, and a comparison is made with the deep-water result. It is observed that the deep-water result effectively holds good if the plate is partially immersed to the order of one-tenth of the bottom depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190050096
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On waves due to rolling of a ship in water of finite depth (1996)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 67 (1996), S. 35-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: linear theory ; rolling ship ; eigenfunction expansion ; hypersingular integral equation ; wave amplitude
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The problem of the generation of waves due to small rolling oscillations of a thin vertical plate partially immersed in uniform finite-depth water is investigated here by utilizing two mathematical methods assuming the linearised theory of water waves. In the first method, the use of eigenfunction expansion of the velocity potentials on the two sides of the plate produces the amplitude of wave motion at infinity in terms of an integral involving the unknown horizontal velocity across the gap, and also in terms of another integral involving the unknown difference of the potential across the plate. These unknown functions satisfy two integral equations. Any one of these, when solved numerically, can be used to compute the amplitude of the wave motion set up at either infinity on the two sides of the plate for various values of the wave number. In the second method, the problem is formulated in terms of a hypersingular integral equation involving the difference of the potential function across the plate. The hypersingular integral equation is solved numerically, and its numerical solution is used to compute the wave amplitude at infinity. The two methods produce almost the same numerical results. The results are illustrated graphically, and a comparison is made with the deep-water result. It is observed that the deep-water result effectively holds good if the plate is partially immersed to the order of one-tenth of the bottom depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00787137
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water waves generated by disturbance at an inertial surface (1988)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 45 (1988), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Keywords: Inertial surface ; velocity potential ; Laplace transform ; Green's theorem ; method of stationary phase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Laplace transform technique is used to solve an initial value problem describing waves generated by a disturbance created at the surface of water covered by an inertial surface composed of a thin but uniform distribution of floating particles. Green's integral theorem produces the transformed potential function from which the form of the inertial surface is obtained as an infinite integral after taking Laplace inversion. The method of stationary phase is then employed to evaluate this integral approximately for large time and distance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384183
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oblique diffraction of surface waves by a submerged vertical plate (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of engineering mathematics 30 (1996), S. 459-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A train of small-amplitude surface waves is obliquely incident on a fixed, thin, vertical plate submerged in deep water. The plate is infinitely long in the horizontal direction. An appropriate one-term Galerkin approximation is employed to calculate very accurate upper and lower bounds for the reflection and transmission coefficients for any angle of incidence and any wave number thereby producing very accurate numerical results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00049246
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-wave Scattering by Thick Vertical Barriers (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of engineering mathematics 35 (1999), S. 361-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2703
    Keywords: Water-wave scattering ; thick barrier ; multi-term Galerkin approximation ; reflection coefficient.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with two-dimensional scattering of a normally incident surface wave train on an obstacle in the form of a thick vertical barrier of rectangular cross section in water of uniform finite depth. Four different geometrical configurations of the barrier are considered. The barrier may be surface-piercing and partially immersed, or bottom-standing and submerged, or in the form of a submerged rectangular block not extending down to the bottom, or in the form of a thick vertical wall with a submerged gap. Appropriate multi-term Galerkin approximations involving ultraspherical Gegenbauer polynomials are used for solving the integral equations arising in the mathematical analysis. Very accurate numerical estimates for the reflection coefficient for each configuration of the barrier are then obtained. The reflection coefficient is depicted graphically against the wave number for each configuration. It is observed that the reflection coefficient depends significantly on the thickness for a wide range of values of the wave number, and as such, thickness plays a significant role in the modelling of efficient breakwaters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004392622976
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A note on the diffraction of an obliquely incident surface wave by a partially immersed fixed vertical barrier (1983)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 40 (1983), S. 345-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Keywords: Oblique incidence ; surface water wave ; vertical barrier ; velocity potential ; Green's theorem ; integral equation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of the diffraction of surface waves, obliquely incident on a partially immersed fixed vertical barrier in deep water, is solved approximately by reducing it to the solution of an integral equation, for small angle of incidence of the incident wave. The corrections to the reflection and transmission coefficients over their normal incidence values for small angle of incidence are obtained and presented graphically for some intermediate values of wave numbers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383040
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