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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gregersen, Peter K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 7;343(6175):1087-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1251426.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore LIJ Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 110430, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24604188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Crohn Disease/*genetics ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/*immunology ; *Gene-Environment Interaction ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/*genetics ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/*genetics ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/*genetics ; Male ; Monocytes/*immunology ; STAT Transcription Factors/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-05-17
    Description: A switchlike response in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity implies the existence of a threshold in the NF-kappaB signaling module. We show that the CARD-containing MAGUK protein 1 (CARMA1, also called CARD11)-TAK1 (MAP3K7)-inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaB) kinase-beta (IKKbeta) module is a switch mechanism for NF-kappaB activation in B cell receptor (BCR) signaling. Experimental and mathematical modeling analyses showed that IKK activity is regulated by positive feedback from IKKbeta to TAK1, generating a steep dose response to BCR stimulation. Mutation of the scaffolding protein CARMA1 at serine-578, an IKKbeta target, abrogated not only late TAK1 activity, but also the switchlike activation of NF-kappaB in single cells, suggesting that phosphorylation of this residue accounts for the feedback.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shinohara, Hisaaki -- Behar, Marcelo -- Inoue, Kentaro -- Hiroshima, Michio -- Yasuda, Tomoharu -- Nagashima, Takeshi -- Kimura, Shuhei -- Sanjo, Hideki -- Maeda, Shiori -- Yumoto, Noriko -- Ki, Sewon -- Akira, Shizuo -- Sako, Yasushi -- Hoffmann, Alexander -- Kurosaki, Tomohiro -- Okada-Hatakeyama, Mariko -- 5R01CA141722/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):760-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1250020.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. ; Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QC Bio) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA. ; Laboratory for Cell Signaling Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan. Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan. ; Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. ; Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University 4-101, Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan. ; Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. ; Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan. ; Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QC Bio) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA. ahoffmann@ucla.edu kurosaki@rcai.riken.jp marikoh@rcai.riken.jp. ; Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. ahoffmann@ucla.edu kurosaki@rcai.riken.jp marikoh@rcai.riken.jp. ; Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. ahoffmann@ucla.edu kurosaki@rcai.riken.jp marikoh@rcai.riken.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chickens ; Feedback, Physiological ; Guanylate Cyclase/genetics/*metabolism ; I-kappa B Kinase/*metabolism ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; NF-kappa B/*agonists ; Phosphorylation ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics/*metabolism ; Serine/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-10-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 24;346(6208):405-6. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6208.405.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25342776" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Domestic/*psychology ; *Biological Evolution ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Hominidae/anatomy & histology/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Skull/*anatomy & histology ; Testosterone/metabolism ; Tooth/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-06-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340075/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340075/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Churcher, Thomas S -- Cohen, Justin M -- Novotny, Joseph -- Ntshalintshali, Nyasatu -- Kunene, Simon -- Cauchemez, Simon -- MR/K010174/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- U54 GM088491/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 13;344(6189):1230-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1251449.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK. ; Clinton Health Access Initiative, Boston, MA 02127, USA. ; Clinton Health Access Initiative, Boston, MA 02127, USA. Global Health Group, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. ; National Malaria Control Program, Manzini, Swaziland. ; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK. Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. simon.cauchemez@pasteur.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24926005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culicidae/parasitology ; Disease Eradication/*methods/*trends ; Endemic Diseases/*prevention & control ; Female ; *Global Health ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Malaria/epidemiology/*prevention & control/transmission ; Mosquito Control/methods ; Seasons
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):29. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6179.29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Administrative Personnel ; Biomedical Research/*economics/organization & administration ; Budgets ; Financing, Government ; Illinois ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Research Support as Topic/*organization & administration ; United States ; Universities/*economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-09-23
    Description: The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the synapse between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle. Defects in NMJ transmission cause muscle weakness, termed myasthenia. The muscle protein Dok-7 is essential for activation of the receptor kinase MuSK, which governs NMJ formation, and DOK7 mutations underlie familial limb-girdle myasthenia (DOK7 myasthenia), a neuromuscular disease characterized by small NMJs. Here, we show in a mouse model of DOK7 myasthenia that therapeutic administration of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding the human DOK7 gene resulted in an enlargement of NMJs and substantial increases in muscle strength and life span. When applied to model mice of another neuromuscular disorder, autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, DOK7 gene therapy likewise resulted in enlargement of NMJs as well as positive effects on motor activity and life span. These results suggest that therapies aimed at enlarging the NMJ may be useful for a range of neuromuscular disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arimura, Sumimasa -- Okada, Takashi -- Tezuka, Tohru -- Chiyo, Tomoko -- Kasahara, Yuko -- Yoshimura, Toshiro -- Motomura, Masakatsu -- Yoshida, Nobuaki -- Beeson, David -- Takeda, Shin'ichi -- Yamanashi, Yuji -- G0701521/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 19;345(6203):1505-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1250744.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Occupational Therapy, Nagasaki University School of Health Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. ; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan. ; Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ; Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. yyamanas@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25237101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dependovirus ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Genetic Therapy/*methods ; Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics ; Muscle, Skeletal/*innervation/physiopathology ; Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle/genetics/*pathology/*therapy ; Neuromuscular Junction/*pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: The field of optogenetics uses channelrhodopsins (ChRs) for light-induced neuronal activation. However, optimized tools for cellular inhibition at moderate light levels are lacking. We found that replacement of E90 in the central gate of ChR with positively charged residues produces chloride-conducting ChRs (ChloCs) with only negligible cation conductance. Molecular dynamics modeling unveiled that a high-affinity Cl(-)-binding site had been generated near the gate. Stabilizing the open state dramatically increased the operational light sensitivity of expressing cells (slow ChloC). In CA1 pyramidal cells, ChloCs completely inhibited action potentials triggered by depolarizing current injections or synaptic stimulation. Thus, by inverting the charge of the selectivity filter, we have created a class of directly light-gated anion channels that can be used to block neuronal output in a fully reversible fashion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wietek, Jonas -- Wiegert, J Simon -- Adeishvili, Nona -- Schneider, Franziska -- Watanabe, Hiroshi -- Tsunoda, Satoshi P -- Vogt, Arend -- Elstner, Marcus -- Oertner, Thomas G -- Hegemann, Peter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 25;344(6182):409-12. doi: 10.1126/science.1249375. Epub 2014 Mar 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24674867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology ; Chloride Channels/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Chlorides/*metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Ion Channel Gating ; Light ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Mutation ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Engineering ; Pyramidal Cells/metabolism ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry ; Rhodopsin/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1460-1. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6178.1460.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; *Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; *Patient Advocacy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-10-04
    Description: After an infection, pathogen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells (T(RM) cells) persist in nonlymphoid tissues to provide rapid control upon reinfection, and vaccination strategies that create T(RM) cell pools at sites of pathogen entry are therefore attractive. However, it is not well understood how T(RM) cells provide such pathogen protection. Here, we demonstrate that activated T(RM) cells in mouse skin profoundly alter the local tissue environment by inducing a number of broadly active antiviral and antibacterial genes. This "pathogen alert" allows skin T(RM) cells to protect against an antigenically unrelated virus. These data describe a mechanism by which tissue-resident memory CD8(+) T cells protect previously infected sites that is rapid, amplifies the activation of a small number of cells into an organ-wide response, and has the capacity to control escape variants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ariotti, Silvia -- Hogenbirk, Marc A -- Dijkgraaf, Feline E -- Visser, Lindy L -- Hoekstra, Mirjam E -- Song, Ji-Ying -- Jacobs, Heinz -- Haanen, John B -- Schumacher, Ton N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):101-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1254803. Epub 2014 Aug 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Division of Biological Stress Response, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Experimental Animal Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Division of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. t.schumacher@nki.nl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25278612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; Immunologic Memory/genetics/*immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Skin/*immunology/microbiology/virology ; Transcriptome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4143233/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4143233/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mann, Richard S -- R01 NS070644/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS070644/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):48-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1252431.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):26. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6179.26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700836" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Parkinson Disease ; Research Personnel/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-06-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 13;344(6189):1213-4. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6189.1213.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24925995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Horses/*genetics/*physiology ; *Inbreeding ; Male ; *Physical Conditioning, Animal ; *Running ; Selection, Genetic
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-08-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arita, Isao -- Francis, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 29;345(6200):1010. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6200.1010-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Director Emeritus, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 861-8068, Japan. ; Executive Director, Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. dfrancis@gsid.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25170141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Specimen Banks ; Biological Warfare Agents ; *Disease Eradication ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Russia ; Smallpox/epidemiology/*prevention & control/virology ; United States ; *Variola virus ; World Health Organization
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):238. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6168.238.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Air Pollutants/*adverse effects/analysis ; Air Pollution/*adverse effects/prevention & control ; Ammonia/*adverse effects/analysis ; Animals ; Fertilizers/*adverse effects ; Health/*economics ; Heart Diseases/chemically induced ; Humans ; Livestock ; Models, Biological ; North Carolina ; Particulate Matter/*adverse effects/analysis ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/chemically induced ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2014-05-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):679. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6185.679.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Experimentation/*standards ; Animals ; Biomedical Research/*standards ; Cells ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Sex Factors ; United States ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 31;343(6170):471-2. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6170.471.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24482455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Crohn Disease/genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Disease/*genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Humans ; Interleukin-18/genetics ; Keratins/genetics ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/genetics ; Male ; Neanderthals/*genetics ; Optic Disk/anatomy & histology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Smoking/genetics
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-10-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clery, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 17;346(6207):290-1. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6207.290.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25324365" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chemistry ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/*methods ; *Nobel Prize ; Organelles/ultrastructure ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNutt, Marcia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 3;343(6166):6. doi: 10.1126/science.1250035.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marcia McNutt is Editor-in-Chief of Science.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24385608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Gross Domestic Product/trends ; Research/*economics/*trends ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNutt, Marcia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):229. doi: 10.1126/science.1250475.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marcia McNutt is Editor-in-Chief of Science.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436391" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Disclosure/*standards ; *Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke ; *Peer Review, Research ; Reproducibility of Results ; Translational Medical Research/standards ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):24-5. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6179.24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700835" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; Budgets ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic/trends ; United States ; Universities/economics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 3;343(6166):15. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6166.15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24385614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Research Report ; Social Control, Formal ; United States ; *United States Environmental Protection Agency ; *Wetlands
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silvente-Poirot, Sandrine -- Poirot, Marc -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1445-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1252787.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉UMR 1037 INSERM-University Toulouse III, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, and Institut Claudius Regaud, 31052 Toulouse, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675946" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Mice
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2014-11-15
    Description: Activators of innate immunity may have the potential to combat a broad range of infectious agents. We report that treatment with bacterial flagellin prevented rotavirus (RV) infection in mice and cured chronically RV-infected mice. Protection was independent of adaptive immunity and interferon (IFN, type I and II) and required flagellin receptors Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and NOD-like receptor C4 (NLRC4). Flagellin-induced activation of TLR5 on dendritic cells elicited production of the cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22), which induced a protective gene expression program in intestinal epithelial cells. Flagellin also induced NLRC4-dependent production of IL-18 and immediate elimination of RV-infected cells. Administration of IL-22 and IL-18 to mice fully recapitulated the capacity of flagellin to prevent or eliminate RV infection and thus holds promise as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Benyue -- Chassaing, Benoit -- Shi, Zhenda -- Uchiyama, Robin -- Zhang, Zhan -- Denning, Timothy L -- Crawford, Sue E -- Pruijssers, Andrea J -- Iskarpatyoti, Jason A -- Estes, Mary K -- Dermody, Terence S -- Ouyang, Wenjun -- Williams, Ifor R -- Vijay-Kumar, Matam -- Gewirtz, Andrew T -- AI038296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI080656/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI107943/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK061417/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK064730/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK56338/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI038296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI038296/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 14;346(6211):861-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1256999.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. ; Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. ; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. ; Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Department of Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. ; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. ; Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. agewirtz@gsu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25395539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diarrhea/immunology/therapy/virology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Feces/virology ; Flagellin/*administration & dosage/immunology ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; *Immunity, Innate ; Interleukin-18/administration & dosage/genetics/*immunology ; Interleukins/administration & dosage/genetics/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Mutation ; Rotavirus Infections/immunology/*prevention & control/therapy ; Toll-Like Receptor 5/genetics/*physiology ; Virus Shedding
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: In its largest outbreak, Ebola virus disease is spreading through Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria. We sequenced 99 Ebola virus genomes from 78 patients in Sierra Leone to ~2000x coverage. We observed a rapid accumulation of interhost and intrahost genetic variation, allowing us to characterize patterns of viral transmission over the initial weeks of the epidemic. This West African variant likely diverged from central African lineages around 2004, crossed from Guinea to Sierra Leone in May 2014, and has exhibited sustained human-to-human transmission subsequently, with no evidence of additional zoonotic sources. Because many of the mutations alter protein sequences and other biologically meaningful targets, they should be monitored for impact on diagnostics, vaccines, and therapies critical to outbreak response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4431643/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4431643/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gire, Stephen K -- Goba, Augustine -- Andersen, Kristian G -- Sealfon, Rachel S G -- Park, Daniel J -- Kanneh, Lansana -- Jalloh, Simbirie -- Momoh, Mambu -- Fullah, Mohamed -- Dudas, Gytis -- Wohl, Shirlee -- Moses, Lina M -- Yozwiak, Nathan L -- Winnicki, Sarah -- Matranga, Christian B -- Malboeuf, Christine M -- Qu, James -- Gladden, Adrianne D -- Schaffner, Stephen F -- Yang, Xiao -- Jiang, Pan-Pan -- Nekoui, Mahan -- Colubri, Andres -- Coomber, Moinya Ruth -- Fonnie, Mbalu -- Moigboi, Alex -- Gbakie, Michael -- Kamara, Fatima K -- Tucker, Veronica -- Konuwa, Edwin -- Saffa, Sidiki -- Sellu, Josephine -- Jalloh, Abdul Azziz -- Kovoma, Alice -- Koninga, James -- Mustapha, Ibrahim -- Kargbo, Kandeh -- Foday, Momoh -- Yillah, Mohamed -- Kanneh, Franklyn -- Robert, Willie -- Massally, James L B -- Chapman, Sinead B -- Bochicchio, James -- Murphy, Cheryl -- Nusbaum, Chad -- Young, Sarah -- Birren, Bruce W -- Grant, Donald S -- Scheiffelin, John S -- Lander, Eric S -- Happi, Christian -- Gevao, Sahr M -- Gnirke, Andreas -- Rambaut, Andrew -- Garry, Robert F -- Khan, S Humarr -- Sabeti, Pardis C -- 095831/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 1DP2OD006514-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- 1U01HG007480-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 260864/European Research Council/International -- DP2 OD006514/OD/NIH HHS/ -- GM080177/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200900049C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200900049C/PHS HHS/ -- T32 GM080177/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG007480/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI110818/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI115589/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1369-72. doi: 10.1126/science.1259657. Epub 2014 Aug 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Kenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra Leone. andersen@broadinstitute.org augstgoba@yahoo.com psabeti@oeb.harvard.edu. ; Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. andersen@broadinstitute.org augstgoba@yahoo.com psabeti@oeb.harvard.edu. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Kenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra Leone. ; Kenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra Leone. Eastern Polytechnic College, Kenema, Sierra Leone. ; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. ; Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. ; Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Redeemer's University, Ogun State, Nigeria. ; University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone. ; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Ebolavirus/*genetics/isolation & purification ; *Epidemiological Monitoring ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Genomics/methods ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology/*transmission/*virology ; Humans ; Mutation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology
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  • 25
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-10-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 17;346(6207):292-5. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6207.292.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25324367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Child ; Female ; Health ; Humans ; Infant ; Longevity ; Male ; Papio/*physiology/*psychology ; Reproduction ; Starvation/epidemiology/physiopathology ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. The avian genome is principally characterized by its constrained size, which predominantly arose because of lineage-specific erosion of repetitive elements, large segmental deletions, and gene loss. Avian genomes furthermore show a remarkably high degree of evolutionary stasis at the levels of nucleotide sequence, gene synteny, and chromosomal structure. Despite this pattern of conservation, we detected many non-neutral evolutionary changes in protein-coding genes and noncoding regions. These analyses reveal that pan-avian genomic diversity covaries with adaptations to different lifestyles and convergent evolution of traits.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4390078/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4390078/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Guojie -- Li, Cai -- Li, Qiye -- Li, Bo -- Larkin, Denis M -- Lee, Chul -- Storz, Jay F -- Antunes, Agostinho -- Greenwold, Matthew J -- Meredith, Robert W -- Odeen, Anders -- Cui, Jie -- Zhou, Qi -- Xu, Luohao -- Pan, Hailin -- Wang, Zongji -- Jin, Lijun -- Zhang, Pei -- Hu, Haofu -- Yang, Wei -- Hu, Jiang -- Xiao, Jin -- Yang, Zhikai -- Liu, Yang -- Xie, Qiaolin -- Yu, Hao -- Lian, Jinmin -- Wen, Ping -- Zhang, Fang -- Li, Hui -- Zeng, Yongli -- Xiong, Zijun -- Liu, Shiping -- Zhou, Long -- Huang, Zhiyong -- An, Na -- Wang, Jie -- Zheng, Qiumei -- Xiong, Yingqi -- Wang, Guangbiao -- Wang, Bo -- Wang, Jingjing -- Fan, Yu -- da Fonseca, Rute R -- Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo -- Schubert, Mikkel -- Orlando, Ludovic -- Mourier, Tobias -- Howard, Jason T -- Ganapathy, Ganeshkumar -- Pfenning, Andreas -- Whitney, Osceola -- Rivas, Miriam V -- Hara, Erina -- Smith, Julia -- Farre, Marta -- Narayan, Jitendra -- Slavov, Gancho -- Romanov, Michael N -- Borges, Rui -- Machado, Joao Paulo -- Khan, Imran -- Springer, Mark S -- Gatesy, John -- Hoffmann, Federico G -- Opazo, Juan C -- Hastad, Olle -- Sawyer, Roger H -- Kim, Heebal -- Kim, Kyu-Won -- Kim, Hyeon Jeong -- Cho, Seoae -- Li, Ning -- Huang, Yinhua -- Bruford, Michael W -- Zhan, Xiangjiang -- Dixon, Andrew -- Bertelsen, Mads F -- Derryberry, Elizabeth -- Warren, Wesley -- Wilson, Richard K -- Li, Shengbin -- Ray, David A -- Green, Richard E -- O'Brien, Stephen J -- Griffin, Darren -- Johnson, Warren E -- Haussler, David -- Ryder, Oliver A -- Willerslev, Eske -- Graves, Gary R -- Alstrom, Per -- Fjeldsa, Jon -- Mindell, David P -- Edwards, Scott V -- Braun, Edward L -- Rahbek, Carsten -- Burt, David W -- Houde, Peter -- Zhang, Yong -- Yang, Huanming -- Wang, Jian -- Avian Genome Consortium -- Jarvis, Erich D -- Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Wang, Jun -- DP1 OD000448/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1OD000448/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL087216/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Dec 12;346(6215):1311-20. doi: 10.1126/science.1251385. Epub 2014 Dec 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, Universitetsparken 15, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. zhanggj@genomics.cn jarvis@neuro.duke.edu mtpgilbert@gmail.com wangj@genomics.cn. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. ; Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK. ; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Cho and Kim Genomics, Seoul National University Research Park, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea. ; School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA. ; Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia (CIMAR)/Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigacao Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 177, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal. ; Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. ; Department of Biology and Molecular Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA. ; Department of Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D, S-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore. ; Department of Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. BGI Education Center,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen, 518083, China. ; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China. ; Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. ; Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK. ; School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK. ; Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia (CIMAR)/Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigacao Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 177, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal. Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Portugal. ; Department of Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. ; Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. ; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 7011, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. ; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Cho and Kim Genomics, Seoul National University Research Park, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. ; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. ; Cho and Kim Genomics, Seoul National University Research Park, Seoul 151-919, Republic of Korea. ; State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China. ; State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China. ; Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK. ; Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK. Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 China. ; International Wildlife Consultants, Carmarthen SA33 5YL, Wales, UK. ; Centre for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. ; The Genome Institute at Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA. ; College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China. ; Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. ; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. ; Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia. Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center 8000 N Ocean Drive, Dania, FL 33004, USA. ; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA. ; Genetics Division, San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Road, Escondido, CA 92027, USA. ; Department of Vertebrate Zoology, MRC-116, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Post Office Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA. Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, the Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. ; Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, the Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. ; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. ; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Department of Biology and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. ; Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, the Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. Imperial College London, Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment Initiative, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK. ; Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute Building, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK. ; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Box 30001 MSC 3AF, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China. ; Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. zhanggj@genomics.cn jarvis@neuro.duke.edu mtpgilbert@gmail.com wangj@genomics.cn. ; Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia. zhanggj@genomics.cn jarvis@neuro.duke.edu mtpgilbert@gmail.com wangj@genomics.cn. ; China National GeneBank, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. Princess Al Jawhara Center of Excellence in the Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. zhanggj@genomics.cn jarvis@neuro.duke.edu mtpgilbert@gmail.com wangj@genomics.cn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25504712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/classification/*genetics/physiology ; Conserved Sequence ; Diet ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Flight, Animal ; Genes ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Genomics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction/genetics ; Selection, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synteny ; Vision, Ocular/genetics ; Vocalization, Animal
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-07-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 11;345(6193):130-1, 133. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6193.130.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25013042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne/isolation & purification ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Kyasanur Forest Disease/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Male ; Ticks/virology ; Trees
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2014-10-11
    Description: Cancers are composed of populations of cells with distinct molecular and phenotypic features, a phenomenon termed intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). ITH in lung cancers has not been well studied. We applied multiregion whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 11 localized lung adenocarcinomas. All tumors showed clear evidence of ITH. On average, 76% of all mutations and 20 out of 21 known cancer gene mutations were identified in all regions of individual tumors, which suggested that single-region sequencing may be adequate to identify the majority of known cancer gene mutations in localized lung adenocarcinomas. With a median follow-up of 21 months after surgery, three patients have relapsed, and all three patients had significantly larger fractions of subclonal mutations in their primary tumors than patients without relapse. These data indicate that a larger subclonal mutation fraction may be associated with increased likelihood of postsurgical relapse in patients with localized lung adenocarcinomas.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4354858/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4354858/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Jianjun -- Fujimoto, Junya -- Zhang, Jianhua -- Wedge, David C -- Song, Xingzhi -- Zhang, Jiexin -- Seth, Sahil -- Chow, Chi-Wan -- Cao, Yu -- Gumbs, Curtis -- Gold, Kathryn A -- Kalhor, Neda -- Little, Latasha -- Mahadeshwar, Harshad -- Moran, Cesar -- Protopopov, Alexei -- Sun, Huandong -- Tang, Jiabin -- Wu, Xifeng -- Ye, Yuanqing -- William, William N -- Lee, J Jack -- Heymach, John V -- Hong, Waun Ki -- Swisher, Stephen -- Wistuba, Ignacio I -- Futreal, P Andrew -- CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA070907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50CA70907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA-009666/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009666/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 10;346(6206):256-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1256930.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Applied Cancer Science Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK. ; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Honorary Faculty, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK CB10 1SA. afutreal@mdanderson.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*genetics/pathology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exome/genetics ; Genes, Neoplasm ; *Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*genetics/pathology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benderly, Beryl Lieff -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 14;343(6176):1200. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6176.1200-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Science Careers Columnist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24626915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Choice ; Female ; Humans ; *Leadership ; Physicians, Women/*psychology ; *Sexism
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2014-01-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 24;343(6169):359. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6169.359.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24458618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Consumer Organizations ; *Embryonic Stem Cells ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; Stem Cell Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Supreme Court Decisions ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kean, Sam -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1457-9. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6178.1457.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675950" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Checkpoint Kinase 2/genetics ; Female ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, BRCA2 ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woolley, Mary -- Leshner, Alan I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 14;346(6211):791. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2692.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mary Woolley is the president and chief executive officer of Research!America. mwoolley@researchamerica.org. ; Alan I. Leshner is the chief executive officer of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and executive publisher of Science.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25395507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Earthquakes ; *Federal Government ; Floods ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Humans ; Petroleum Pollution ; Politics ; Science/*economics/*trends ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pringle, Heather -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 28;343(6174):961-3. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6174.961.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24578560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Archaeology ; Arctic Regions ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; *Cold Temperature ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Deer/*genetics ; Genetic Variation ; *Human Migration ; Humans ; Ice Cover ; Indians, North American/*genetics ; Islands ; Mutation ; North America ; Rivers ; Siberia
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Promislow, Daniel E L -- Kaeberlein, Matt -- R01 AG031108/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG033598/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM102279/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 31;343(6170):491-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1250174.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24482469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/*physiology ; Female ; Longevity/*physiology ; Male ; Pheromones/*physiology ; *Reward ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Spermatozoa/*physiology ; *Taste Perception
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2014-03-08
    Description: The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate induces modulatory actions via the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus), which are class C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We determined the structure of the human mGlu1 receptor seven-transmembrane (7TM) domain bound to a negative allosteric modulator, FITM, at a resolution of 2.8 angstroms. The modulator binding site partially overlaps with the orthosteric binding sites of class A GPCRs but is more restricted than most other GPCRs. We observed a parallel 7TM dimer mediated by cholesterols, which suggests that signaling initiated by glutamate's interaction with the extracellular domain might be mediated via 7TM interactions within the full-length receptor dimer. A combination of crystallography, structure-activity relationships, mutagenesis, and full-length dimer modeling provides insights about the allosteric modulation and activation mechanism of class C GPCRs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3991565/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3991565/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, Huixian -- Wang, Chong -- Gregory, Karen J -- Han, Gye Won -- Cho, Hyekyung P -- Xia, Yan -- Niswender, Colleen M -- Katritch, Vsevolod -- Meiler, Jens -- Cherezov, Vadim -- Conn, P Jeffrey -- Stevens, Raymond C -- P50 GM073197/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK097376/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080403/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM099842/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH062646/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH090192/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS031373/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R21 NS078262/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS031373/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U54 GM094618/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Y1-CO-1020/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-GM-1104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):58-64. doi: 10.1126/science.1249489. Epub 2014 Mar 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24603153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Allosteric Site ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Benzamides/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cholesterol ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Ligands ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiazoles/*chemistry/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 19;345(6203):1441-2. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6203.1441.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25237082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa, Western/epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control/*economics ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; Drug Industry/*economics ; Drugs, Investigational/*economics ; Ebola Vaccines/*economics ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-10-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):13. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6205.13. Epub 2014 Oct 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Donald Kennedy is president emeritus at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and a former editor-in-chief of Science. kennedyd@stanford.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25278586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/economics/*trends ; Research/economics/*trends ; United States ; United States Department of Agriculture
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):33. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6179.33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700842" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BK Virus ; Biomedical Research/*economics ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic/economics/organization & administration ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Travel/economics ; United States ; Virology
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2014-01-25
    Description: Comparative genomic analyses have revealed that genes may arise from ancestrally nongenic sequence. However, the origin and spread of these de novo genes within populations remain obscure. We identified 142 segregating and 106 fixed testis-expressed de novo genes in a population sample of Drosophila melanogaster. These genes appear to derive primarily from ancestral intergenic, unexpressed open reading frames, with natural selection playing a significant role in their spread. These results reveal a heretofore unappreciated dynamism of gene content.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391638/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391638/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhao, Li -- Saelao, Perot -- Jones, Corbin D -- Begun, David J -- GM084056/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084056/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 14;343(6172):769-72. doi: 10.1126/science.1248286. Epub 2014 Jan 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24457212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Association Studies ; Male ; Open Reading Frames ; Selection, Genetic ; Testis/metabolism
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: Most land animals normally walk forward but switch to backward walking upon sensing an obstacle or danger in the path ahead. A change in walking direction is likely to be triggered by descending "command" neurons from the brain that act upon local motor circuits to alter the timing of leg muscle activation. Here we identify descending neurons for backward walking in Drosophila--the MDN neurons. MDN activity is required for flies to walk backward when they encounter an impassable barrier and is sufficient to trigger backward walking under conditions in which flies would otherwise walk forward. We also identify ascending neurons, MAN, that promote persistent backward walking, possibly by inhibiting forward walking. These findings provide an initial glimpse into the circuits and logic that control walking direction in Drosophila.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bidaye, Salil S -- Machacek, Christian -- Wu, Yang -- Dickson, Barry J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):97-101. doi: 10.1126/science.1249964.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Dr. Bohrgasse 7, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/cytology ; Drosophila/*physiology ; Extremities/physiology ; Female ; Gait ; Ganglia, Invertebrate/cytology ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Walking/physiology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 21;343(6177):1306-9. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6177.1306.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24653017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; DNA, Intergenic/genetics ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; *Genome, Human ; *Genomics ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Mutation ; National Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.) ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):239. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6168.239.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ants/*microbiology/physiology ; Brain/metabolism/microbiology ; Fat Body/virology ; Female ; Gryllidae/physiology/*virology ; Guanidines/analysis/metabolism ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Hypocreales/*physiology ; Insect Viruses/*physiology ; Lizards/virology ; Male ; Rats ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Sphingosine/analysis/metabolism ; Virus Replication
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  • 43
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-07-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 18;345(6194):247-8. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6194.247.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25035464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anthrax ; Biohazard Release/*prevention & control ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Humans ; *Influenza, Human ; *Laboratories ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Public Health ; *Safety ; United States
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-26
    Description: How we attend to objects and their features that cannot be separated by location is not understood. We presented two temporally and spatially overlapping streams of objects, faces versus houses, and used magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging to separate neuronal responses to attended and unattended objects. Attention to faces versus houses enhanced the sensory responses in the fusiform face area (FFA) and parahippocampal place area (PPA), respectively. The increases in sensory responses were accompanied by induced gamma synchrony between the inferior frontal junction, IFJ, and either FFA or PPA, depending on which object was attended. The IFJ appeared to be the driver of the synchrony, as gamma phases were advanced by 20 ms in IFJ compared to FFA or PPA. Thus, the IFJ may direct the flow of visual processing during object-based attention, at least in part through coupled oscillations with specialized areas such as FFA and PPA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baldauf, Daniel -- Desimone, Robert -- P30EY2621/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 25;344(6182):424-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1247003. Epub 2014 Apr 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139 MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Attention ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetoencephalography ; Male ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; Visual Perception ; Young Adult
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kerr, Richard A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 11;344(6180):138-9. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6180.138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24723588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Research Personnel/*economics ; *Solar System ; Space Flight/*economics ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/*economics
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2014-05-24
    Description: Decisions take time if information gradually accumulates to a response threshold, but the neural mechanisms of integration and thresholding are unknown. We characterized a decision process in Drosophila that bears the behavioral signature of evidence accumulation. As stimulus contrast in trained odor discriminations decreased, reaction times increased and perceptual accuracy declined, in quantitative agreement with a drift-diffusion model. FoxP mutants took longer than wild-type flies to form decisions of similar or reduced accuracy, especially in difficult, low-contrast tasks. RNA interference with FoxP expression in alphabeta core Kenyon cells, or the overexpression of a potassium conductance in these neurons, recapitulated the FoxP mutant phenotype. A mushroom body subdomain whose development or function require the transcription factor FoxP thus supports the progression of a decision toward commitment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4206523/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4206523/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DasGupta, Shamik -- Ferreira, Clara Howcroft -- Miesenbock, Gero -- 090309/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0700888/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0701225/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 DA030601/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):901-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1252114.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SR, UK. ; Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SR, UK. gero.miesenboeck@cncb.ox.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24855268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Cell Line ; *Decision Making ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Mushroom Bodies/growth & development/metabolism ; Mutation ; Neurons/physiology ; Odors ; *Psychomotor Performance ; RNA Interference ; Reaction Time/genetics/*physiology ; Smell
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  • 47
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blair, H T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 21;343(6173):846-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1251252.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Psychology Department and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24558150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Association ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/*physiology ; Entorhinal Cortex/*cytology/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; *Memory, Episodic ; *Nerve Net ; Neurons/*physiology ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology/*ultrastructure ; *Theta Rhythm
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: Sex-specific chromosomes, like the W of most female birds and the Y of male mammals, usually have lost most genes owing to a lack of recombination. We analyze newly available genomes of 17 bird species representing the avian phylogenetic range, and find that more than half of them do not have as fully degenerated W chromosomes as that of chicken. We show that avian sex chromosomes harbor tremendous diversity among species in their composition of pseudoautosomal regions and degree of Z/W differentiation. Punctuated events of shared or lineage-specific recombination suppression have produced a gradient of "evolutionary strata" along the Z chromosome, which initiates from the putative avian sex-determining gene DMRT1 and ends at the pseudoautosomal region. W-linked genes are subject to ongoing functional decay after recombination was suppressed, and the tempo of degeneration slows down in older strata. Overall, we unveil a complex history of avian sex chromosome evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Qi -- Zhang, Jilin -- Bachtrog, Doris -- An, Na -- Huang, Quanfei -- Jarvis, Erich D -- Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Zhang, Guojie -- GM076007/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM093182/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM076007/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM093182/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Dec 12;346(6215):1246338. doi: 10.1126/science.1246338. Epub 2014 Dec 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720, USA. zhouqi@berkeley.edu zhanggj@genomics.org.cn. ; China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083. China. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720, USA. ; Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. ; Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. Trace and Environmental DNA laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia. ; China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083. China. Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, Universitetsparken 15, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. zhouqi@berkeley.edu zhanggj@genomics.org.cn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25504727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Proteins/genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/classification/*genetics ; Chickens/genetics ; Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sex Chromosomes/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Struthioniformes/genetics ; Synteny ; Transcription Factors/genetics
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blanton, Richard E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 31;343(6170):485-6. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6170.485-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24482466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Capitalism ; Family/*history ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Plague/*history ; Women/*history ; Work/*history
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimmerman, Andrew W -- Connors, Susan L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 7;343(6171):620-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1250214.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatrics (Neurology), Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24503843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autistic Disorder/*chemically induced/*genetics ; *Cytoprotection ; Female ; Oxytocin/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Susiarjo, Martha -- Bartolomei, Marisa S -- P30 ES013508/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 15;345(6198):733-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1258654.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. bartolom@mail.med.upenn.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *DNA Methylation ; Female ; Fetal Nutrition Disorders/*metabolism ; Male ; Pregnancy ; *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Spermatozoa/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloom, Barry R -- Marcuse, Edgar -- Mnookin, Seth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 25;344(6182):339. doi: 10.1126/science.1254834.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Barry R. Bloom is a professor at the Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Infant ; Parents/*psychology ; *Research ; Research Design ; *Treatment Refusal/psychology ; United States ; *Vaccination/psychology/utilization
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2014-06-07
    Description: How sleep helps learning and memory remains unknown. We report in mouse motor cortex that sleep after motor learning promotes the formation of postsynaptic dendritic spines on a subset of branches of individual layer V pyramidal neurons. New spines are formed on different sets of dendritic branches in response to different learning tasks and are protected from being eliminated when multiple tasks are learned. Neurons activated during learning of a motor task are reactivated during subsequent non-rapid eye movement sleep, and disrupting this neuronal reactivation prevents branch-specific spine formation. These findings indicate that sleep has a key role in promoting learning-dependent synapse formation and maintenance on selected dendritic branches, which contribute to memory storage.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4447313/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4447313/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, Guang -- Lai, Cora Sau Wan -- Cichon, Joseph -- Ma, Lei -- Li, Wei -- Gan, Wen-Biao -- P01 NS074972/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS047325/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 6;344(6188):1173-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1249098.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Skirball Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. ; Skirball Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. ; Skirball Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Drug Discovery Center, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China. ; Drug Discovery Center, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China. ; Skirball Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. gan@saturn.med.nyu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24904169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dendritic Spines/*physiology ; Female ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Motor Cortex/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2014-07-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, Francis S -- Wilder, Elizabeth L -- Zerhouni, Elias -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 18;345(6194):274-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1255860. Epub 2014 Jun 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. francis.collins@nih.gov. ; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25035478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; *Financial Management ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; United States
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2014-05-17
    Description: Environmental exposures affect gamete function and fertility, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that pheromones sensed by ciliated neurons in the Caenorhabditis elegans nose alter the lipid microenvironment within the oviduct, thereby affecting sperm motility. In favorable environments, pheromone-responsive sensory neurons secrete a transforming growth factor-beta ligand called DAF-7, which acts as a neuroendocrine factor that stimulates prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase [cyclooxygenase (Cox)]-independent prostaglandin synthesis in the ovary. Oocytes secrete F-class prostaglandins that guide sperm toward them. These prostaglandins are also synthesized in Cox knockout mice, raising the possibility that similar mechanisms exist in other animals. Our data indicate that environmental cues perceived by the female nervous system affect sperm function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4094289/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4094289/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKnight, Katherine -- Hoang, Hieu D -- Prasain, Jeevan K -- Brown, Naoko -- Vibbert, Jack -- Hollister, Kyle A -- Moore, Ray -- Ragains, Justin R -- Reese, Jeff -- Miller, Michael A -- GM085105/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL096967/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL109199/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL110950/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL114439/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P30 AR050948/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK079337/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P40 OD010440/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085105/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096967/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL109199/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- S10 RR19261/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):754-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1250598.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. ; Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. ; Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. mamiller@uab.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Male ; Neurons, Afferent/*physiology ; Neurosecretory Systems/physiology ; Oocytes/metabolism/physiology ; Ovum/metabolism/physiology ; Perception ; Pheromones/*physiology ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/metabolism ; Prostaglandins/biosynthesis ; *Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa/*physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics/*metabolism
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2014-10-11
    Description: Tyzio et al. (Reports, 7 February 2014, p. 675) reported that bumetanide restored the impaired oxytocin-mediated gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) excitatory-inhibitory shift during delivery in animal models of autism, ameliorating some autistic-like characteristics in the offspring. However, standard practices in the study of these models, such as the use of sex-dimorphic or males-only analyses and implementation of tests measuring social behavior, are lacking to definitely associate their findings to autism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bambini-Junior, Victorio -- Nunes, Gustavo Della Flora -- Schneider, Tomasz -- Gottfried, Carmem -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 10;346(6206):176. doi: 10.1126/science.1255679.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Research Group in Neuroglial Plasticity at the Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health's Basic Science, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Translational Research Group in Autism Spectrum Disorders (GETTEA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. victoriobambini@gmail.com. ; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Research Group in Neuroglial Plasticity at the Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health's Basic Science, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Translational Research Group in Autism Spectrum Disorders (GETTEA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. ; School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, TS17 6BH, Durham University, Durham, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autistic Disorder/*chemically induced/*genetics ; *Cytoprotection ; Female ; Oxytocin/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hand, Eric -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1233. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6202.1233.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/analysis/*standards ; Air Pollution/analysis/*legislation & jurisprudence ; China ; Climate Change ; Ozone/analysis/*standards ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency/economics/legislation & ; jurisprudence ; Wind
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 21;343(6177):1298. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6177.1298-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24653013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; Financing, Government ; *Politics ; Public Policy ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/economics/*legislation & ; jurisprudence/organization & administration
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-05-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):836-7. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6186.836.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24855257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Policy Making ; Social Mobility/*statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Taxes ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 21;343(6177):1298-9. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6177.1298-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24653012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; *Politics ; Public Policy ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*legislation & jurisprudence/organization & ; administration
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 21;343(6173):830. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6173.830.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24558139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antarctic Regions ; *Federal Government ; Research/*economics ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Vrieze, Jop -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):241-3. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6168.241.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology/microbiology ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract/*microbiology ; Germ-Free Life ; Health ; Humans ; *Life Style ; Male ; Meat/microbiology ; *Microbiota ; Tanzania
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2014-07-26
    Description: Proteins that cap the ends of the actin filament are essential regulators of cytoskeleton dynamics. Whereas several proteins cap the rapidly growing barbed end, tropomodulin (Tmod) is the only protein known to cap the slowly growing pointed end. The lack of structural information severely limits our understanding of Tmod's capping mechanism. We describe crystal structures of actin complexes with the unstructured amino-terminal and the leucine-rich repeat carboxy-terminal domains of Tmod. The structures and biochemical analysis of structure-inspired mutants showed that one Tmod molecule interacts with three actin subunits at the pointed end, while also contacting two tropomyosin molecules on each side of the filament. We found that Tmod achieves high-affinity binding through several discrete low-affinity interactions, which suggests a mechanism for controlled subunit exchange at the pointed end.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367809/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367809/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rao, Jampani Nageswara -- Madasu, Yadaiah -- Dominguez, Roberto -- GM-0080/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073791/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 25;345(6195):463-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1256159.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. droberto@mail.med.upenn.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25061212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/*chemistry ; Actins/*chemistry ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Rabbits ; Tropomodulin/*chemistry/genetics
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2014-05-09
    Description: Cross-cultural psychologists have mostly contrasted East Asia with the West. However, this study shows that there are major psychological differences within China. We propose that a history of farming rice makes cultures more interdependent, whereas farming wheat makes cultures more independent, and these agricultural legacies continue to affect people in the modern world. We tested 1162 Han Chinese participants in six sites and found that rice-growing southern China is more interdependent and holistic-thinking than the wheat-growing north. To control for confounds like climate, we tested people from neighboring counties along the rice-wheat border and found differences that were just as large. We also find that modernization and pathogen prevalence theories do not fit the data.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Talhelm, T -- Zhang, X -- Oishi, S -- Shimin, C -- Duan, D -- Lan, X -- Kitayama, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 9;344(6184):603-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1246850.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24812395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*psychology ; China ; Female ; Humans ; *Individuation ; Male ; *Oryza ; *Triticum
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-05-24
    Description: This Review presents basic facts regarding the long-run evolution of income and wealth inequality in Europe and the United States. Income and wealth inequality was very high a century ago, particularly in Europe, but dropped dramatically in the first half of the 20th century. Income inequality has surged back in the United States since the 1970s so that the United States is much more unequal than Europe today. We discuss possible interpretations and lessons for the future.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piketty, Thomas -- Saez, Emmanuel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):838-43. doi: 10.1126/science.1251936.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, Paris School of Economics, Paris, France. thomas.piketty@psemail.eu. ; Department of Economics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24855258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Economic Development ; Europe ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Income/history/*statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Socioeconomic Factors/history ; United States
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2014-08-02
    Description: During limb development, digits emerge from the undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue that constitutes the limb bud. It has been proposed that this process is controlled by a self-organizing Turing mechanism, whereby diffusible molecules interact to produce a periodic pattern of digital and interdigital fates. However, the identities of the molecules remain unknown. By combining experiments and modeling, we reveal evidence that a Turing network implemented by Bmp, Sox9, and Wnt drives digit specification. We develop a realistic two-dimensional simulation of digit patterning and show that this network, when modulated by morphogen gradients, recapitulates the expression patterns of Sox9 in the wild type and in perturbation experiments. Our systems biology approach reveals how a combination of growth, morphogen gradients, and a self-organizing Turing network can achieve robust and reproducible pattern formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raspopovic, J -- Marcon, L -- Russo, L -- Sharpe, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 1;345(6196):566-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1252960.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Systems Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. ; Systems Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain. james.sharpe@crg.eu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25082703" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Patterning/*genetics ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*metabolism ; Computer Simulation ; Extremities/*embryology ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Limb Buds/*embryology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Models, Biological ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; SOX9 Transcription Factor/genetics/*metabolism ; Wnt Proteins/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 24;343(6169):357. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6169.357.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24458616" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; *Budgets ; *Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-02-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 7;343(6171):596-8. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6171.596.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24503830" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics/*trends ; Clinical Trials as Topic/economics/trends ; Financing, Organized ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Peer Review, Research ; Publications/*statistics & numerical data ; United States
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: Genetic errors in meiosis can lead to birth defects and spontaneous abortions. Checkpoint mechanisms of hitherto unknown nature eliminate oocytes with unrepaired DNA damage, causing recombination-defective mutant mice to be sterile. Here, we report that checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2 or Chek2), is essential for culling mouse oocytes bearing unrepaired meiotic or induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Female infertility caused by a meiotic recombination mutation or irradiation was reversed by mutation of Chk2. Both meiotically programmed and induced DSBs trigger CHK2-dependent activation of TRP53 (p53) and TRP63 (p63), effecting oocyte elimination. These data establish CHK2 as essential for DNA damage surveillance in female meiosis and indicate that the oocyte DSB damage response primarily involves a pathway hierarchy in which ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) signals to CHK2, which then activates p53 and p63.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048839/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048839/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bolcun-Filas, Ewelina -- Rinaldi, Vera D -- White, Michelle E -- Schimenti, John C -- GM45415/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM045415/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 31;343(6170):533-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1247671.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24482479" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Checkpoint Kinase 2/genetics/*physiology ; *DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; Female ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/*genetics/pathology ; Meiosis/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Oocytes/*metabolism/pathology ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Trans-Activators/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):237. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6168.237.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics/education ; *Budgets ; Physics/economics ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 2;344(6183):457-8. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6183.457.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24786052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Camels/virology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*epidemiology/*transmission/virology ; Coronavirus/genetics/*isolation & purification ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Food Contamination ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Meat/virology ; Milk/virology ; Mutation ; Risk Assessment ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/*epidemiology/*transmission/virology ; Species Specificity
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 10;343(6167):125-6. doi: 10.1126/science.343.6167.125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24408407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Choice ; Curriculum ; Science/*education ; United States
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cordova, France -- Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 30;344(6187):959-61. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6187.959.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24876473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Foundations ; Science/*economics ; United States
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNutt, Marcia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 15;345(6198):739. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6198.739-b. Epub 2014 Aug 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Editor-in-Chief.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; *HIV Infections ; Humans ; Male ; *Periodicals as Topic ; *Sex Workers ; *Transgender Persons
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: The existence of BRCA1 was proven in 1990 by mapping predisposition to young-onset breast cancer in families to chromosome 17q21. Knowing that such a gene existed and approximately where it lay triggered efforts by public and private groups to clone and sequence it. The press baptized the competition "the race" and reported on it in detail for the next 4 years. BRCA1 was positionally cloned in September 1994. Twenty years later, I reflect on "the race" and its consequences for breast cancer prevention and treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, Mary-Claire -- R01 CA157744/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1462-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1251900.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine and Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BRCA1 Protein/*genetics/history ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/history ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; History, 20th Century ; Humans
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  • 76
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉You, Jia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 19;345(6203):1440-1. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6203.1440.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25237081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Communication ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Research Personnel/*classification/*psychology ; *Science ; Sex Factors ; *Social Media
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2014-05-24
    Description: Cushing's syndrome is caused by excess cortisol production from the adrenocortical gland. In corticotropin-independent Cushing's syndrome, the excess cortisol production is primarily attributed to an adrenocortical adenoma, in which the underlying molecular pathogenesis has been poorly understood. We report a hotspot mutation (L206R) in PRKACA, which encodes the catalytic subunit of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA), in more than 50% of cases with adrenocortical adenomas associated with corticotropin-independent Cushing's syndrome. The L206R PRKACA mutant abolished its binding to the regulatory subunit of PKA (PRKAR1A) that inhibits catalytic activity of PRKACA, leading to constitutive, cAMP-independent PKA activation. These results highlight the major role of cAMP-independent activation of cAMP/PKA signaling by somatic mutations in corticotropin-independent Cushing's syndrome, providing insights into the diagnosis and therapeutics of this syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sato, Yusuke -- Maekawa, Shigekatsu -- Ishii, Ryohei -- Sanada, Masashi -- Morikawa, Teppei -- Shiraishi, Yuichi -- Yoshida, Kenichi -- Nagata, Yasunobu -- Sato-Otsubo, Aiko -- Yoshizato, Tetsuichi -- Suzuki, Hiromichi -- Shiozawa, Yusuke -- Kataoka, Keisuke -- Kon, Ayana -- Aoki, Kosuke -- Chiba, Kenichi -- Tanaka, Hiroko -- Kume, Haruki -- Miyano, Satoru -- Fukayama, Masashi -- Nureki, Osamu -- Homma, Yukio -- Ogawa, Seishi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):917-20. doi: 10.1126/science.1252328.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. ; Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Laboratory of Sequence Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Laboratory of Sequence Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. sogawa-tky@umin.ac.jp homma-uro@umin.ac.jp. ; Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. sogawa-tky@umin.ac.jp homma-uro@umin.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24855271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/*genetics ; Adrenocortical Adenoma/*genetics ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism ; Animals ; Catalytic Domain/genetics ; Cushing Syndrome/*genetics/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits/*genetics/metabolism ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/genetics ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; PC12 Cells ; Rats
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-07-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carney, Joanne Padron -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 18;345(6194):243. doi: 10.1126/science.1258492.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Joanne Padron Carney is the director of government relations at AAAS, Washington, DC. jcarney@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25035462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Communication ; *Federal Government ; Policy ; *Policy Making ; *Science ; United States
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: Transcription factors (TFs) are key players in evolution. Changes affecting their function can yield novel life forms but may also have deleterious effects. Consequently, gene duplication events that release one gene copy from selective pressure are thought to be the common mechanism by which TFs acquire new activities. Here, we show that LEAFY, a major regulator of flower development and cell division in land plants, underwent changes to its DNA binding specificity, even though plant genomes generally contain a single copy of the LEAFY gene. We examined how these changes occurred at the structural level and identify an intermediate LEAFY form in hornworts that appears to adopt all different specificities. This promiscuous intermediate could have smoothed the evolutionary transitions, thereby allowing LEAFY to evolve new binding specificities while remaining a single-copy gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sayou, Camille -- Monniaux, Marie -- Nanao, Max H -- Moyroud, Edwige -- Brockington, Samuel F -- Thevenon, Emmanuel -- Chahtane, Hicham -- Warthmann, Norman -- Melkonian, Michael -- Zhang, Yong -- Wong, Gane Ka-Shu -- Weigel, Detlef -- Parcy, Francois -- Dumas, Renaud -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 7;343(6171):645-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1248229. Epub 2014 Jan 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Vegetale (LPCV), UMR 5168, 38054 Grenoble, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/classification/genetics ; DNA, Plant/*chemistry ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*chemistry/classification/*genetics ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Dosage ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/*chemistry/classification/*genetics ; Protein Binding/genetics ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Species Specificity ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/classification/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 80
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose to common human malignancies, most notably tumors of the breast and ovaries. The proteins encoded by these genes have been implicated in a plethora of biochemical interactions and biological functions, confounding attempts to coherently explain how their inactivation promotes carcinogenesis. Here, I argue that tumor suppression by BRCA1 and BRCA2 originates from their fundamental role in controlling the assembly and activity of macromolecular complexes that monitor chromosome duplication, maintenance, and segregation across the cell cycle. A tumor-suppressive role for the BRCA proteins as "chromosome custodians" helps to explain the clinical features of cancer susceptibility after their inactivation, provides foundations for the rational therapy of BRCA-deficient cancers, and offers general insights into the mechanisms opposing early steps in human carcinogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Venkitaraman, Ashok R -- G1001521/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G1001522/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U105359877/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_UU_12022/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1470-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1252230.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BRCA1 Protein/genetics/*physiology ; BRCA2 Protein/genetics/*physiology ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology ; Carcinogenesis/genetics ; Chromosomal Instability ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor/*physiology ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Humans ; Models, Genetic ; Organ Specificity/genetics
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: Parental care, including feeding and protection of young, is essential for the survival as well as mental and physical well-being of the offspring. A large variety of parental behaviors has been described across species and sexes, raising fascinating questions about how animals identify the young and how brain circuits drive and modulate parental displays in males and females. Recent studies have begun to uncover a striking antagonistic interplay between brain systems underlying parental care and infant-directed aggression in both males and females, as well as a large range of intrinsic and environmentally driven neural modulation and plasticity. Improved understanding of the neural control of parental interactions in animals should provide novel insights into the complex issue of human parental care in both health and disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4230532/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4230532/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dulac, Catherine -- O'Connell, Lauren A -- Wu, Zheng -- R01 DC009019/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- R01 DC013087/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 15;345(6198):765-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1253291. Epub 2014 Aug 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. dulac@fas.harvard.edu. ; FAS Center for System Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124430" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/*physiology ; Cues ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maternal Behavior/*physiology ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; *Parenting ; Paternal Behavior/*physiology ; Sensation/*physiology
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-06-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, Virginia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 20;344(6190):1334-7. doi: 10.1126/science.344.6190.1334.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Speech/physiology/radiation effects ; *Vocalization, Animal
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-10-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carswell, Cally -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 10;346(6206):154-6. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6206.154.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cally Carswell is a freelance science and environment writer in Santa Fe.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Pinus/*parasitology ; Plant Bark/*parasitology ; Trees/*parasitology ; United States ; *Weevils
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2014-08-30
    Description: Histone H3 lysine(27)-to-methionine (H3K27M) gain-of-function mutations occur in highly aggressive pediatric gliomas. We established a Drosophila animal model for the pathogenic histone H3K27M mutation and show that its overexpression resembles polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) loss-of-function phenotypes, causing derepression of PRC2 target genes and developmental perturbations. Similarly, an H3K9M mutant depletes H3K9 methylation levels and suppresses position-effect variegation in various Drosophila tissues. The histone H3K9 demethylase KDM3B/JHDM2 associates with H3K9M-containing nucleosomes, and its misregulation in Drosophila results in changes of H3K9 methylation levels and heterochromatic silencing defects. We have established histone lysine-to-methionine mutants as robust in vivo tools for inhibiting methylation pathways that also function as biochemical reagents for capturing site-specific histone-modifying enzymes, thus providing molecular insight into chromatin signaling pathways.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4508193/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4508193/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herz, Hans-Martin -- Morgan, Marc -- Gao, Xin -- Jackson, Jessica -- Rickels, Ryan -- Swanson, Selene K -- Florens, Laurence -- Washburn, Michael P -- Eissenberg, Joel C -- Shilatifard, Ali -- CA R01CA089455/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA089455/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 29;345(6200):1065-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1255104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA. ; Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA. ; Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. ; Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA. ash@northwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25170156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Gene Silencing ; Glioma/genetics/metabolism ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics ; Histones/*genetics/metabolism ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/metabolism ; Lysine/*genetics ; Methionine/*genetics ; Methylation ; Mutation ; Signal Transduction
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: Preterm birth is associated with 5 to 18% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Spontaneous preterm labor, a syndrome caused by multiple pathologic processes, leads to 70% of preterm births. The prevention and the treatment of preterm labor have been long-standing challenges. We summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms of disease implicated in this condition and review advances relevant to intra-amniotic infection, decidual senescence, and breakdown of maternal-fetal tolerance. The success of progestogen treatment to prevent preterm birth in a subset of patients at risk is a cause for optimism. Solving the mystery of preterm labor, which compromises the health of future generations, is a formidable scientific challenge worthy of investment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4191866/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4191866/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romero, Roberto -- Dey, Sudhansu K -- Fisher, Susan J -- DA06668/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- HD068524/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P50 HD055764/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD068524/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R37 HD076253/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U54 HD055764/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- ZIA HD002400-23/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 15;345(6198):760-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1251816. Epub 2014 Aug 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, Wayne State University/the Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. romeror@mail.nih.gov. ; Division of Reproductive Sciences, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Department of Anatomy, and Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Decidua/physiopathology ; Female ; Fetus/immunology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Infection/complications/physiopathology ; Inflammation/complications/physiopathology ; Obstetric Labor, Premature/*etiology/physiopathology/*prevention & control ; Placenta/immunology ; Pregnancy ; Syndrome ; Vascular Diseases/complications/physiopathology
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2014-11-15
    Description: Lightning plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry and in the initiation of wildfires, but the impact of global warming on lightning rates is poorly constrained. Here we propose that the lightning flash rate is proportional to the convective available potential energy (CAPE) times the precipitation rate. Using observations, the product of CAPE and precipitation explains 77% of the variance in the time series of total cloud-to-ground lightning flashes over the contiguous United States (CONUS). Storms convert CAPE times precipitated water mass to discharged lightning energy with an efficiency of 1%. When this proxy is applied to 11 climate models, CONUS lightning strikes are predicted to increase 12 +/- 5% per degree Celsius of global warming and about 50% over this century.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romps, David M -- Seeley, Jacob T -- Vollaro, David -- Molinari, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 14;346(6211):851-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1259100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. romps@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25395536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Convection ; *Global Warming ; *Lightning ; United States
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2014-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Francis S -- Heimer, Hakon -- Giedd, Jay N -- Lein, Edward S -- Sestan, Nenad -- Weinberger, Daniel R -- Casey, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 31;346(6209):547-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1260497.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sackler Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Schizophrenia Research Forum, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, Providence, RI 02906, USA. Banbury Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA. ; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92123, USA. ; Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98103, USA. ; Department of Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. ; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience, and the Institute of Genomic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20215, USA. ; Sackler Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. bjc2002@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25359951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; *Adolescent Behavior ; *Adolescent Development ; Age of Onset ; Brain/*growth & development/physiology ; *Early Medical Intervention ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; *Mental Health ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Neuroimaging ; United States
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2014-02-08
    Description: We report that the oxytocin-mediated neuroprotective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) excitatory-inhibitory shift during delivery is abolished in the valproate and fragile X rodent models of autism. During delivery and subsequently, hippocampal neurons in these models have elevated intracellular chloride levels, increased excitatory GABA, enhanced glutamatergic activity, and elevated gamma oscillations. Maternal pretreatment with bumetanide restored in offspring control electrophysiological and behavioral phenotypes. Conversely, blocking oxytocin signaling in naive mothers produced offspring having electrophysiological and behavioral autistic-like features. Our results suggest a chronic deficient chloride regulation in these rodent models of autism and stress the importance of oxytocin-mediated GABAergic inhibition during the delivery process. Our data validate the amelioration observed with bumetanide and oxytocin and point to common pathways in a drug-induced and a genetic rodent model of autism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tyzio, Roman -- Nardou, Romain -- Ferrari, Diana C -- Tsintsadze, Timur -- Shahrokhi, Amene -- Eftekhari, Sanaz -- Khalilov, Ilgam -- Tsintsadze, Vera -- Brouchoud, Corinne -- Chazal, Genevieve -- Lemonnier, Eric -- Lozovaya, Natalia -- Burnashev, Nail -- Ben-Ari, Yehezkel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 7;343(6171):675-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1247190.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology (INMED), U901, INSERM, Marseille, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24503856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autistic Disorder/*chemically induced/*genetics/metabolism ; Behavior, Animal ; Bumetanide/administration & dosage ; Chlorides/metabolism ; *Cytoprotection ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein/genetics ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Oxytocin/*metabolism ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Valproic Acid/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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  • 89
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Underwood, Emily -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 15;345(6198):750-1. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6198.750.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25124425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diet ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; *Food Preferences ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn/*physiology ; Mice ; *Mothers ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/physiology ; Pregnancy ; *Taste ; Taste Perception
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2014-03-22
    Description: Humans can discriminate several million different colors and almost half a million different tones, but the number of discriminable olfactory stimuli remains unknown. The lay and scientific literature typically claims that humans can discriminate 10,000 odors, but this number has never been empirically validated. We determined the resolution of the human sense of smell by testing the capacity of humans to discriminate odor mixtures with varying numbers of shared components. On the basis of the results of psychophysical testing, we calculated that humans can discriminate at least 1 trillion olfactory stimuli. This is far more than previous estimates of distinguishable olfactory stimuli. It demonstrates that the human olfactory system, with its hundreds of different olfactory receptors, far outperforms the other senses in the number of physically different stimuli it can discriminate.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483192/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483192/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bushdid, C -- Magnasco, M O -- Vosshall, L B -- Keller, A -- UL1 TR000043/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 21;343(6177):1370-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1249168.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 63, New York, NY 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24653035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Odors ; *Olfactory Perception ; Smell/*physiology ; Young Adult
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2014-10-11
    Description: Longer lives and fertility far below the replacement level of 2.1 births per woman are leading to rapid population aging in many countries. Many observers are concerned that aging will adversely affect public finances and standards of living. Analysis of newly available National Transfer Accounts data for 40 countries shows that fertility well above replacement would typically be most beneficial for government budgets. However, fertility near replacement would be most beneficial for standards of living when the analysis includes the effects of age structure on families as well as governments. And fertility below replacement would maximize per capita consumption when the cost of providing capital for a growing labor force is taken into account. Although low fertility will indeed challenge government programs and very low fertility undermines living standards, we find that moderately low fertility and population decline favor the broader material standard of living.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4545628/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4545628/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Ronald -- Mason, Andrew -- members of the NTA Network -- R37 AG025247/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 10;346(6206):229-34. doi: 10.1126/science.1250542.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Demography and Department of Economics, University of California, 2232 Piedmont Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. rlee@demog.berkeley.edu amason@hawaii.edu. ; Department of Economics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96821, USA. East-West Center, 1601 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848-1601, USA. rlee@demog.berkeley.edu amason@hawaii.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; *Aging ; Birth Rate/*trends ; Economics ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Income ; Income Tax ; *Population Growth ; Socioeconomic Factors
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2014-07-12
    Description: Heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 typically results in one genetic variant establishing systemic infection. We compared, for 137 linked transmission pairs, the amino acid sequences encoded by non-envelope genes of viruses in both partners and demonstrate a selection bias for transmission of residues that are predicted to confer increased in vivo fitness on viruses in the newly infected, immunologically naive recipient. Although tempered by transmission risk factors, such as donor viral load, genital inflammation, and recipient gender, this selection bias provides an overall transmission advantage for viral quasispecies that are dominated by viruses with high in vivo fitness. Thus, preventative or therapeutic approaches that even marginally reduce viral fitness may lower the overall transmission rates and offer long-term benefits even upon successful transmission.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4289910/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4289910/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, Jonathan M -- Schaefer, Malinda -- Monaco, Daniela C -- Batorsky, Rebecca -- Claiborne, Daniel T -- Prince, Jessica -- Deymier, Martin J -- Ende, Zachary S -- Klatt, Nichole R -- DeZiel, Charles E -- Lin, Tien-Ho -- Peng, Jian -- Seese, Aaron M -- Shapiro, Roger -- Frater, John -- Ndung'u, Thumbi -- Tang, Jianming -- Goepfert, Paul -- Gilmour, Jill -- Price, Matt A -- Kilembe, William -- Heckerman, David -- Goulder, Philip J R -- Allen, Todd M -- Allen, Susan -- Hunter, Eric -- 2P51RR000165-51/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- G108/626/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- OD P51OD11132/OD/NIH HHS/ -- P01-AI074415/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P30 AI050409/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P51 OD010425/OD/NIH HHS/ -- P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/ -- P51RR165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI064060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI64060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI051231/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI51231/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007387/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32-AI007387/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI 66454/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 11;345(6193):1254031. doi: 10.1126/science.1254031. Epub 2014 Jul 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA 98052, USA. carlson@microsoft.com ehunte4@emory.edu. ; Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. ; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02114, USA. ; Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA 98052, USA. ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 7BN, UK. National Institute of Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK. Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3BD, UK. ; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02114, USA. HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4013, South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for Tuberculosis and HIV (K-RITH), Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa. Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. ; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. ; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, London SW10 9NH, UK. Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London SW10 9NH, UK. ; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA. ; Rwanda-Zambia HIV Research Group: Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia. ; Microsoft Research, Los Angeles, CA 98117, USA. ; HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4013, South Africa. Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK. ; Rwanda-Zambia HIV Research Group: Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA. Microsoft Research, Los Angeles, CA 98117, USA. Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK. ; Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Rwanda-Zambia HIV Research Group: Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. carlson@microsoft.com ehunte4@emory.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25013080" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Consensus Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; HIV Infections/*transmission ; HIV-1/*genetics ; *Heterosexuality ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Statistical ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Point Mutation ; Risk Factors ; *Selection, Genetic ; Viral Load
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: A major evolutionary transition to eusociality with reproductive division of labor between queens and workers has arisen independently at least 10 times in the ants, bees, and wasps. Pheromones produced by queens are thought to play a key role in regulating this complex social system, but their evolutionary history remains unknown. Here, we identify the first sterility-inducing queen pheromones in a wasp, bumblebee, and desert ant and synthesize existing data on compounds that characterize female fecundity in 64 species of social insects. Our results show that queen pheromones are strikingly conserved across at least three independent origins of eusociality, with wasps, ants, and some bees all appearing to use nonvolatile, saturated hydrocarbons to advertise fecundity and/or suppress worker reproduction. These results suggest that queen pheromones evolved from conserved signals of solitary ancestors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Oystaeyen, Annette -- Oliveira, Ricardo Caliari -- Holman, Luke -- van Zweden, Jelle S -- Romero, Carmen -- Oi, Cintia A -- d'Ettorre, Patrizia -- Khalesi, Mohammadreza -- Billen, Johan -- Wackers, Felix -- Millar, Jocelyn G -- Wenseleers, Tom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):287-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1244899.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, Zoological Institute, University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59-Box 2466, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ants/*physiology ; Bees/*physiology ; Biological Assay ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Pheromones/classification/pharmacology/*physiology ; Reproduction/drug effects/physiology ; Wasps/*physiology
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414116/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414116/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fauci, Anthony S -- Marovich, Mary A -- Dieffenbach, Carl W -- Hunter, Eric -- Buchbinder, Susan P -- P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI096187/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- UM1 AI068614/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Z01 AI000390-25/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Z01 AI000677-15/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):49-51. doi: 10.1126/science.1250672.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/*administration & dosage/*immunology/*therapeutic use ; Female ; HIV Antigens/*immunology ; HIV Infections/*immunology/*prevention & control ; HIV-1/*immunology ; Humans ; Male ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 95
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-06-21
    Description: It is not just a manner of speaking: "Mind reading," or working out what others are thinking and feeling, is markedly similar to print reading. Both of these distinctly human skills recover meaning from signs, depend on dedicated cortical areas, are subject to genetically heritable disorders, show cultural variation around a universal core, and regulate how people behave. But when it comes to development, the evidence is conflicting. Some studies show that, like learning to read print, learning to read minds is a long, hard process that depends on tuition. Others indicate that even very young, nonliterate infants are already capable of mind reading. Here, we propose a resolution to this conflict. We suggest that infants are equipped with neurocognitive mechanisms that yield accurate expectations about behavior ("automatic" or "implicit" mind reading), whereas "explicit" mind reading, like literacy, is a culturally inherited skill; it is passed from one generation to the next by verbal instruction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heyes, Cecilia M -- Frith, Chris D -- 091593/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 20;344(6190):1243091. doi: 10.1126/science.1243091.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉All Souls College and Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 4AL, UK. cecilia.heyes@all-souls.ox.ac.uk. ; Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Autistic Disorder/psychology ; Brain/physiology ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; *Cultural Evolution ; Dyslexia/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Learning ; Male ; *Nonverbal Communication ; *Telepathy ; *Theory of Mind
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2014-03-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lazer, David -- Kennedy, Ryan -- King, Gary -- Vespignani, Alessandro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 14;343(6176):1203-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1248506.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lazer Laboratory, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24626916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Data Collection/statistics & numerical data ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/*epidemiology ; Office Visits/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Prognosis ; Social Media/*utilization ; United States
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: Damage to the central nervous system caused by traumatic injury or neurological disorders can lead to permanent loss of voluntary motor function and muscle paralysis. Here, we describe an approach that circumvents central motor circuit pathology to restore specific skeletal muscle function. We generated murine embryonic stem cell-derived motor neurons that express the light-sensitive ion channel channelrhodopsin-2, which we then engrafted into partially denervated branches of the sciatic nerve of adult mice. These engrafted motor neurons not only reinnervated lower hind-limb muscles but also enabled their function to be restored in a controllable manner using optogenetic stimulation. This synthesis of regenerative medicine and optogenetics may be a successful strategy to restore muscle function after traumatic injury or disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bryson, J Barney -- Machado, Carolina Barcellos -- Crossley, Martin -- Stevenson, Danielle -- Bros-Facer, Virginie -- Burrone, Juan -- Greensmith, Linda -- Lieberam, Ivo -- 095589/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0900585/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G1001234/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- MR/K000608/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):94-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1248523.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Cell Line ; Electric Stimulation ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/physiology ; Female ; Hindlimb ; Isometric Contraction ; *Light ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Neurons/cytology/*physiology/*transplantation ; Muscle Denervation ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/*innervation/*physiology ; Nerve Regeneration ; *Optogenetics ; Rhodopsin/genetics/metabolism ; Sciatic Nerve/physiology ; Transfection ; Transgenes
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2014-04-26
    Description: Mutations in the mitochondrial genome are associated with multiple diseases and biological processes; however, little is known about the extent of sequence variation in the mitochondrial transcriptome. By ultra-deeply sequencing mitochondrial RNA (〉6000x) from the whole blood of ~1000 individuals from the CARTaGENE project, we identified remarkable levels of sequence variation within and across individuals, as well as sites that show consistent patterns of posttranscriptional modification. Using a genome-wide association study, we find that posttranscriptional modification of functionally important sites in mitochondrial transfer RNAs (tRNAs) is under strong genetic control, largely driven by a missense mutation in MRPP3 that explains ~22% of the variance. These results reveal a major nuclear genetic determinant of posttranscriptional modification in mitochondria and suggest that tRNA posttranscriptional modification may affect cellular energy production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hodgkinson, Alan -- Idaghdour, Youssef -- Gbeha, Elias -- Grenier, Jean-Christophe -- Hip-Ki, Elodie -- Bruat, Vanessa -- Goulet, Jean-Philippe -- de Malliard, Thibault -- Awadalla, Philip -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 25;344(6182):413-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1251110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, 3175 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/genetics ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Mitochondrial ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Male ; Methylation ; Middle Aged ; Mutation, Missense ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; RNA, Transfer/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Ribonuclease P/*genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Transcriptome
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  • 99
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: The science of morality has drawn heavily on well-controlled but artificial laboratory settings. To study everyday morality, we repeatedly assessed moral or immoral acts and experiences in a large (N = 1252) sample using ecological momentary assessment. Moral experiences were surprisingly frequent and manifold. Liberals and conservatives emphasized somewhat different moral dimensions. Religious and nonreligious participants did not differ in the likelihood or quality of committed moral and immoral acts. Being the target of moral or immoral deeds had the strongest impact on happiness, whereas committing moral or immoral deeds had the strongest impact on sense of purpose. Analyses of daily dynamics revealed evidence for both moral contagion and moral licensing. In sum, morality science may benefit from a closer look at the antecedents, dynamics, and consequences of everyday moral experience.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hofmann, Wilhelm -- Wisneski, Daniel C -- Brandt, Mark J -- Skitka, Linda J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1340-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1251560. Epub 2014 Sep 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany. wilhelm.hofmann@uni-koeln.de. ; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. ; Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000, Tilburg, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Employee Discipline ; Female ; Happiness ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Morals ; Personnel Loyalty ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2014-06-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4138491/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4138491/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉H3Africa Consortium -- Rotimi, Charles -- Abayomi, Akin -- Abimiku, Alash'le -- Adabayeri, Victoria May -- Adebamowo, Clement -- Adebiyi, Ezekiel -- Ademola, Adebowale D -- Adeyemo, Adebowale -- Adu, Dwomoa -- Affolabi, Dissou -- Agongo, Godfred -- Ajayi, Samuel -- Akarolo-Anthony, Sally -- Akinyemi, Rufus -- Akpalu, Albert -- Alberts, Marianne -- Alonso Betancourt, Orlando -- Alzohairy, Ahmed Mansour -- Ameni, Gobena -- Amodu, Olukemi -- Anabwani, Gabriel -- Andersen, Kristian -- Arogundade, Fatiu -- Arulogun, Oyedunni -- Asogun, Danny -- Bakare, Rasheed -- Balde, Naby -- Baniecki, Mary Lynn -- Beiswanger, Christine -- Benkahla, Alia -- Bethke, Lara -- Boehnke, Micheal -- Boima, Vincent -- Brandful, James -- Brooks, Andrew I -- Brosius, Frank C -- Brown, Chester -- Bucheton, Bruno -- Burke, David T -- Burnett, Barrington G -- Carrington-Lawrence, Stacy -- Carstens, Nadia -- Chisi, John -- Christoffels, Alan -- Cooper, Richard -- Cordell, Heather -- Crowther, Nigel -- Croxton, Talishiea -- de Vries, Jantina -- Derr, Leslie -- Donkor, Peter -- Doumbia, Seydou -- Duncanson, Audrey -- Ekem, Ivy -- El Sayed, Ahmed -- Engel, Mark E -- Enyaru, John C K -- Everett, Dean -- Fadlelmola, Faisal M -- Fakunle, Eyitayo -- Fischbeck, Kenneth H -- Fischer, Anne -- Folarin, Onikepe -- Gamieldien, Junaid -- Garry, Robert F -- Gaseitsiwe, Simani -- Gbadegesin, Rasheed -- Ghansah, Anita -- Giovanni, Maria -- Goesbeck, Parham -- Gomez-Olive, F Xavier -- Grant, Donald S -- Grewal, Ravnit -- Guyer, Mark -- Hanchard, Neil A -- Happi, Christian T -- Hazelhurst, Scott -- Hennig, Branwen J -- Hertz-, Christiane -- Fowler -- Hide, Winston -- Hilderbrandt, Friedhelm -- Hugo-Hamman, Christopher -- Ibrahim, Muntaser E -- James, Regina -- Jaufeerally-Fakim, Yasmina -- Jenkins, Carolyn -- Jentsch, Ute -- Jiang, Pan-Pan -- Joloba, Moses -- Jongeneel, Victor -- Joubert, Fourie -- Kader, Mukthar -- Kahn, Kathleen -- Kaleebu, Pontiano -- Kapiga, Saidi H -- Kassim, Samar Kamal -- Kasvosve, Ishmael -- Kayondo, Jonathan -- Keavney, Bernard -- Kekitiinwa, Adeodata -- Khan, Sheik Humarr -- Kimmel, Paul -- King, Mary-Claire -- Kleta, Robert -- Koffi, Mathurin -- Kopp, Jeffrey -- Kretzler, Matthias -- Kumuthini, Judit -- Kyobe, Samuel -- Kyobutungi, Catherine -- Lackland, Daniel T -- Lacourciere, Karen A -- Landoure, Guida -- Lawlor, Rita -- Lehner, Thomas -- Lesosky, Maia -- Levitt, Naomi -- Littler, Katherine -- Lombard, Zane -- Loring, Jeanne F -- Lyantagaye, Sylvester -- Macleod, Annette -- Madden, Ebony B -- Mahomva, Chengetai R -- Makani, Julie -- Mamven, Manmak -- Marape, Marape -- Mardon, Graeme -- Marshall, Patricia -- Martin, Darren P -- Masiga, Daniel -- Mason, Robin -- Mate-Kole, Michael -- Matovu, Enock -- Mayige, Mary -- Mayosi, Bongani M -- Mbanya, Jean Claude -- McCurdy, Sheryl A -- McCarthy, Mark I -- McIlleron, Helen -- Mc'Ligeyo, S O -- Merle, Corrine -- Mocumbi, Ana Olga -- Mondo, Charles -- Moran, John V -- Motala, Ayesha -- Moxey-Mims, Marva -- Mpoloka, Wata Sununguko -- Msefula, Chisomo L -- Mthiyane, Thuli -- Mulder, Nicola -- Mulugeta, Gebregziab her -- Mumba, Dieuodonne -- Musuku, John -- Nagdee, Mo -- Nash, Oyekanmi -- Ndiaye, Daouda -- Nguyen, Anh Quynh -- Nicol, Mark -- Nkomazana, Oathokwa -- Norris, Shane -- Nsangi, Betty -- Nyarko, Alexander -- Nyirenda, Moffat -- Obe, Eileen -- Obiakor, Reginald -- Oduro, Abraham -- Ofori-Acquah, Solomon F -- Ogah, Okechukwu -- Ogendo, Stephen -- Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku -- Ojo, Akinlolu -- Olanrewaju, Timothy -- Oli, John -- Osafo, Charlotte -- Ouwe Missi Oukem-Boyer, Odile -- Ovbiagele, Bruce -- Owen, Andrew -- Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo -- Owolabi, Lukman -- Owusu-Dabo, Ellis -- Pare, Guillaume -- Parekh, Rulan -- Patterton, Hugh G -- Penno, Margaret B -- Peterson, Jane -- Pieper, Rembert -- Plange-Rhule, Jacob -- Pollak, Martin -- Puzak, Julia -- Ramesar, Rajkumar S -- Ramsay, Michele -- Rasooly, Rebekah -- Reddy, Shiksha -- Sabeti, Pardis C -- Sagoe, Kwamena -- Salako, Tunde -- Samassekou, Oumar -- Sandhu, Manjinder S -- Sankoh, Osman -- Sarfo, Fred Stephen -- Sarr, Marie -- Shaboodien, Gasnat -- Sidibe, Issa -- Simo, Gustave -- Simuunza, Martin -- Smeeth, Liam -- Sobngwi, Eugene -- Soodyall, Himla -- Sorgho, Hermann -- Sow Bah, Oumou -- Srinivasan, Sudha -- Stein, Dan J -- Susser, Ezra S -- Swanepoel, Carmen -- Tangwa, Godfred -- Tareila, Andrew -- Tastan Bishop, Ozlem -- Tayo, Bamidele -- Tiffin, Nicki -- Tinto, Halidou -- Tobin, Ekaete -- Tollman, Stephen Meir -- Traore, Mahamadou -- Treadwell, Marsha J -- Troyer, Jennifer -- Tsimako-Johnstone, Masego -- Tukei, Vincent -- Ulasi, Ifeoma -- Ulenga, Nzovu -- van Rooyen, Beverley -- Wachinou, Ablo Prudence -- Waddy, Salina P -- Wade, Alisha -- Wayengera, Misaki -- Whitworth, James -- Wideroff, Louise -- Winkler, Cheryl A -- Winnicki, Sarah -- Wonkam, Ambroise -- Yewondwos, Mengistu -- sen, Tadase -- Yozwiak, Nathan -- Zar, Heather -- 085349/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095009/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095201/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098504/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 104111/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- MC_U123292700/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P20 MD006899/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI104621/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RG/08/012/25941/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- U01 HG007044/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U41 HG006941/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI110398/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006938/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG007479/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- UH2 HG007051/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 20;344(6190):1346-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1251546.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Disease/*genetics ; England ; Genetics, Medical/trends ; Genome-Wide Association Study/*trends ; Genomics/*trends ; Health ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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