Publication Date:
2013-08-02
Description:
More than 130 million people worldwide chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are at risk of developing severe liver disease. Antiviral treatments are only partially effective against HCV infection, and a vaccine is not available. Development of more efficient therapies has been hampered by the lack of a small animal model. Building on the observation that CD81 and occludin (OCLN) comprise the minimal set of human factors required to render mouse cells permissive to HCV entry, we previously showed that transient expression of these two human genes is sufficient to allow viral uptake into fully immunocompetent inbred mice. Here we demonstrate that transgenic mice stably expressing human CD81 and OCLN also support HCV entry, but innate and adaptive immune responses restrict HCV infection in vivo. Blunting antiviral immunity in genetically humanized mice infected with HCV results in measurable viraemia over several weeks. In mice lacking the essential cellular co-factor cyclophilin A (CypA), HCV RNA replication is markedly diminished, providing genetic evidence that this process is faithfully recapitulated. Using a cell-based fluorescent reporter activated by the NS3-4A protease we visualize HCV infection in single hepatocytes in vivo. Persistently infected mice produce de novo infectious particles, which can be inhibited with directly acting antiviral drug treatment, thereby providing evidence for the completion of the entire HCV life cycle in inbred mice. This genetically humanized mouse model opens new opportunities to dissect genetically HCV infection in vivo and provides an important preclinical platform for testing and prioritizing drug candidates and may also have utility for evaluating vaccine efficacy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3858853/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3858853/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dorner, Marcus -- Horwitz, Joshua A -- Donovan, Bridget M -- Labitt, Rachael N -- Budell, William C -- Friling, Tamar -- Vogt, Alexander -- Catanese, Maria Teresa -- Satoh, Takashi -- Kawai, Taro -- Akira, Shizuo -- Law, Mansun -- Rice, Charles M -- Ploss, Alexander -- R01 AI072613/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI079031/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI099284/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI107301/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA057973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01AI072613/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI079031/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI099284/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01CA057973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RC1 DK087193/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- RC1DK087193/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Sep 12;501(7466):237-41. doi: 10.1038/nature12427. Epub 2013 Jul 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23903655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Antigens, CD81/genetics/metabolism
;
Cell Line
;
Cyclophilin A/genetics/metabolism
;
*Disease Models, Animal
;
*Genetic Engineering
;
Hepacivirus/immunology/*physiology
;
Hepatitis C/*genetics/immunology/*virology
;
Humans
;
Mice
;
Mice, Inbred C57BL
;
Mice, Transgenic
;
Occludin/genetics/metabolism
;
STAT1 Transcription Factor/deficiency
;
Viremia/virology
;
Virion/growth & development/physiology
;
*Virus Replication
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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