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  • 1
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    Coevolved crypts and exocrine glands support mutualistic bacteria in fungus-growing ants (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-10
    Description: Attine ants engage in a quadripartite symbiosis with fungi they cultivate for food, specialized garden parasites, and parasite-inhibiting bacteria. Molecular phylogenetic evidence supports an ancient host-pathogen association between the ant-cultivar mutualism and the garden parasite. Here we show that ants rear the antibiotic-producing bacteria in elaborate cuticular crypts, supported by unique exocrine glands, and that these structures have been highly modified across the ants' evolutionary history. This specialized structural evolution, together with the absence of these bacteria and modifications in other ant genera that do not grow fungus, indicate that the bacteria have an ancient and coevolved association with the ants, their fungal cultivar, and the garden parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Currie, Cameron R -- Poulsen, Michael -- Mendenhall, John -- Boomsma, Jacobus J -- Billen, Johan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):81-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. currie@bact.wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16400148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actinomycetales/growth & development/*physiology ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/biosynthesis ; Antibiosis ; Ants/*anatomy & histology/*microbiology/physiology/ultrastructure ; *Biological Evolution ; Exocrine Glands/anatomy & histology/microbiology ; Female ; Fungi/*growth & development ; Hypocreales/*growth & development ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Phylogeny ; Species Specificity ; *Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Conserved class of queen pheromones stops social insect workers from reproducing (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-18
    Description: A major evolutionary transition to eusociality with reproductive division of labor between queens and workers has arisen independently at least 10 times in the ants, bees, and wasps. Pheromones produced by queens are thought to play a key role in regulating this complex social system, but their evolutionary history remains unknown. Here, we identify the first sterility-inducing queen pheromones in a wasp, bumblebee, and desert ant and synthesize existing data on compounds that characterize female fecundity in 64 species of social insects. Our results show that queen pheromones are strikingly conserved across at least three independent origins of eusociality, with wasps, ants, and some bees all appearing to use nonvolatile, saturated hydrocarbons to advertise fecundity and/or suppress worker reproduction. These results suggest that queen pheromones evolved from conserved signals of solitary ancestors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Oystaeyen, Annette -- Oliveira, Ricardo Caliari -- Holman, Luke -- van Zweden, Jelle S -- Romero, Carmen -- Oi, Cintia A -- d'Ettorre, Patrizia -- Khalesi, Mohammadreza -- Billen, Johan -- Wackers, Felix -- Millar, Jocelyn G -- Wenseleers, Tom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 17;343(6168):287-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1244899.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, Zoological Institute, University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59-Box 2466, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24436417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ants/*physiology ; Bees/*physiology ; Biological Assay ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Pheromones/classification/pharmacology/*physiology ; Reproduction/drug effects/physiology ; Wasps/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovariole development in workers ofFormica sanguinea Latr. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1982)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 29 (1982), S. 86-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Dans le développement des ovarioles des ouvrières deFormica sanguinea, on peut distinguer huit phases qui correspondent à celles de la fourmi rousseFormica polyctena (Otto, 1958). Ces phases constituent un cycle bien défini chez des ouvrières dont l'âge est connu précisément: les tubes indifférenciés des jeunes individus montrent un nombre croissant de chambres gonflées, le maximum étant atteint vers la quatrième semaine. Une dégénération assez rapide se manifeste peu après, de sorte que la plupart des ovarioles apparaissent comme des tubes vides contenant encore quelques corps jaunes. Chez les ouvrières âgées de plus d'une année et demie, on trouve des ovarioles à des phases différentes, d'après la situation physiologique de l'ouvrière dans le nid: les fourrageuses ont toujours des ovarioles complètement dégénérées tandis que les ouvrières hivernantes peuvent posséder des ovarioles dans une phase de régression moins avançée. Le nombre d'ovarioles paraît lié à la taille: les petites ouvrières ont en moyenne deux ovarioles de chaque côté, les plus grandes de trois à cinq.
    Notes: Summary As in the red wood antFormica polyctena (Otto, 1958) the ovariole development inFormica sanguinea workers consists of eight stages well defined in time. This is revealed by investigations on workers of well known age. The undifferentiated tubes in young workers develop more and more into protuberant chambers, reaching a maximum growth around the fourth week. They then regress rather rapidly and after five weeks most ovarioles look like empty tubes containing some yellow bodies. Ovarioles of workers older than one year and a half, however, can be in various stages according to their physiological condition in the nest: foraging workers always have fully degenerated ovarioles, while the hibernating individuals still can have ovarioles in an early regression stage. The number of ovarioles seems to be related to body length: small individuals have on the average two ovarioles on each side, larger ones three to five.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224529
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1992)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 39 (1992), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240526
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and ultrastructure of the abdominal glands in Dolichoderine ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) (1986)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 33 (1986), S. 278-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Les fourmis appartenant à la sous-famille des Dolichoderinae possèdent quatre glandes abdominales principales. La taille plutôt médiocre de la glande de Dufour et de la glande à venin est probablement liée à l'absence d'un aiguillon fonctionnel. La glande pygidiale très grande est chez ces fourmis la source des substances défensives la plus importante, tandis que les phéromones de piste sont sécrétées par la glande de pavan. Sa dénomination comme glande pygidiale est justifiée par la position anatomique et les caractères morphologiques en général, ce qui réfute l'hypothèse d'une glande anale qui serait propre aux espèces dolichodérines. La glande de Pavan par contre semble être une structure unique parmi les Dolichoderinae et Aneuretinae. Le sac comme on l'a décrit auparavant ne constitue que le réservoir de la glande de Pavan, alors que la partie sécrétrice correspond à l'épithélium épaissi du septième sternite. Des recherches ultrastructurales révèlent un réticulum endoplasmique lisse bien développé et de nombreuses mitochondries dans la glande pygidiale, la glande de Dufour et la glande de Pavan. Ces caractères s'accordent avec la sécrétion lipophile dans ces glandes, tandis que l'ergastoplasme plutôt médiocre dans les cellules sécrétrices de la glande à venin indique une production de protéines. La glande pygidiale et la glande à venin sont composées d'unités sécrétrices individuelles comprenant une cellule glandulaire et une cellule du canalicule. La glande de Dufour et la glande de Pavan sont formées par des épithéliums glandulaires.
    Notes: Summary Ants of the subfamily Dolichoderinae possess four major abdominal glands. The lack of a functional sting probably explains the rather moderate development of the sting associated poison and Dufour's glands. The extremely large pygidial gland has become the main source of the dolichoderine defensive secretions, while the Pavan's gland, when present, produces the trail substances. The large tergal gland between tergites 6 and 7, formerly called the anal gland, due to its anatomical position and general morphological characteristics, is homologous to the pygidial gland, which is found inaall other ant subfamilies. Pavan's gland, on the other hand, is apparently a peculiarity to the Dolichoderinae and Aneuretinae. The sac-like appearence of the Pavan's gland only represents the resevoir part, while the real secretory component of the gland is to be located in the thickened epithelium of the seventh abdominal sternite. Ultrastructural examination reveals a well-developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum along with numerous mitochondria as the major cytoplasmic constituents in the pygidial, Dufour's and Pavan's gland. Both characters can be related to the lipophilic secretion of these glands, while the moderately developed granular endoplasmic reticulum of the poison gland secretory cells may point to some protein synthesis. Both the pygidial and poison gland are comprised of individual secretory units with a glandular cell and its own duct cell, while the Dufour's and Pavan's gland correspond to the glandular epithelium type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224246
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel exocrine gland inside the thoracic appendages (‘gemmae’) of the queenless antDiacamma australe (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 229-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Ant ; Ponerinae ; reproduction ; exocrine glands ; queenless
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the queenless antDiacamma australe, all workers eclose with a pair of tiny thoracic appendages (‘gemmae’). These are sac-like and exhibit a distinct cuticular sculpturing, with minute pores opening on the outer surface. These pores are connected to glandular cells which completely fill the appendages, and thus an exocrine stignal is likely to be released. We discuss the social context of this signal: only one worker in each colony retains the gemmae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01958143
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The exocrine secretions of the jumping ant Harpegnathos saltator
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 104 (1993), S. 505-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-0491(93)90274-9
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volatile secretions of the green tree ant Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 100 (1991), S. 681-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-0491(91)90273-G
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the worker ovarioles in Formica ants (Lymenoptera : Formicidae)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 14 (1985), S. 21-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7322
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(85)90034-0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sting bulb gland in myrmecia and Nothomyrmecia (Hymenoptera : Formicidae): A new exocrine gland in ants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 19 (1990), S. 133-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7322
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(90)90023-I
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