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  • 1
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Condensed matter ; Quantum optics
    ISBN: 9781402048500
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 2
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Analytical biochemistry ; Biochemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Nanotechnology
    ISBN: 9781402050224
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
    Schlagwort(e): Catalysis ; Chemistry ; Condensed matter ; Materials ; Renewable energy sources
    ISBN: 9781402034985
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 4
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Food science ; Materials ; Medicine ; Polymers
    ISBN: 9781402039102
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 5
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Biomaterials ; Bioorganic chemistry ; Cytology ; Polymers
    ISBN: 9781402053801
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Materials ; Molecular structure ; Plasma (Ionized gases) ; Quantum theory
    ISBN: 9781402054600
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Chemistry, inorganic ; Polymers
    ISBN: 9781402023545
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 8
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Chemistry, inorganic ; Mechanics, applied ; Molecular structure ; Quantum theory
    ISBN: 9781402036880
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Physiology ; Biochemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Food science ; Plant physiology
    ISBN: 9781402022197
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 10
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Catalysis ; Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Surfaces (Physics)
    ISBN: 9781402044052
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 11
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Bioinformatics ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Medicine
    ISBN: 9781402050015
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 12
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Crystallography
    ISBN: 9781402048531
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 13
    Schlagwort(e): Analytical biochemistry ; Biochemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry, Physical organic
    ISBN: 9781402045615
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 14
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Biomedical engineering ; Biotechnology ; Materials ; Weights and measures
    ISBN: 9781402055232
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 15
    Unbekannt
    New York : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic
    ISBN: 9780387461083
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 16
    Unbekannt
    New York : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry, Physical organic
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Since its original appearance in 1977, Advanced Organic Chemistry has maintained its place as the premier textbook in the field, offering broad coverage of the structure, reactivity and synthesis of organic compounds. As in the earlier editions, the text contains extensive references to both the primary and review literature and provides examples of data and reactions that illustrate and document the generalizations. While the text assumes completion of an introductory course in organic chemistry, it reviews the fundamental concepts for each topic that is discussed. The two-part fifth edition has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. Part A begins with the fundamental concepts of structure and stereochemistry, and the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of reactivity. Major reaction types covered include nucleophilic substitution, addition reactions, carbanion and carbonyl chemistry, aromatic substitution, pericyclic reactions, radical reactions, and photochemistry. Advanced Organic Chemistry Part A provides a close look at the structural concepts and mechanistic patterns that are fundamental to organic chemistry. It relates those mechanistic patterns, including relative reactivity and stereochemistry, to underlying structural factors. Understanding these concepts and relationships will allow students to recognize the cohesive patterns of reactivity in organic chemistry. Part A: Structure and Mechanism and Part B: Reaction and Synthesis - taken together - are intended to provide the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate student in chemistry with a foundation to comprehend and use the research literature in organic chemistry.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXI, 1199 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 5th ed.
    ISBN: 9780387448992
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 17
    Schlagwort(e): Catalysis ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Materials ; Nanotechnology ; Polymers
    ISBN: 9781402060915
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 18
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Data processing ; Biomedical engineering ; Chemistry
    ISBN: 9781402035876
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 19
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Computer simulation
    ISBN: 9781402036903
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 20
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry
    ISBN: 9781402062919
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 21
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Computer science ; Logic design
    ISBN: 9781402042232
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 22
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Polymers ; Thermodynamics ; Water pollution
    ISBN: 9781402043826
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 23
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Biochemistry ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic
    ISBN: 9781402044076
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 24
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry, Organic ; Chemistry ; Mathematics
    ISBN: 9781402048513
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 25
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Electric engineering ; Nanotechnology ; Optical materials ; Surfaces (Physics)
    ISBN: 9781402048128
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 26
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Analytical biochemistry ; Chemistry ; Materials ; Nanotechnology
    ISBN: 9781402053726
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 27
    Unbekannt
    New York : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Food science
    ISBN: 9780387308081
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 28
    Unbekannt
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Computer graphics ; Nanotechnology
    ISBN: 9781402060205
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 29
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    Alexandria: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This journal is published by the NIOF, Egypt
    Beschreibung: Lake Manzalah; the largest delta Lake in Egypt represents a dynamic system that has been undergoing continuous and pronounced changes since long times. In the last year’s this Lake faced drastic problems that retarded its environmental and fisheries development; the most serious one is the discharge of waste water. It is attempted in the present study to investigate the chemical characters of Lake Manzalah water during 2001-2002. Water temperature ranged from an average of 12.35oC in January and 29.14oC in July. Dissolved Oxygen, pH and total dissolved solids were found in ranges optimum for the living of marine and freshwater fish species. The average concentrations of nutrients lied in the following ranges: 1.24 to 4.89 μmol PO4 -3 l-1 , 5.08 to 28.73 μmol SiO4 -2 l-1 and 1.81 to 17.7 μ_mol NO3-1 l-1 The concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds were found to be relatively higher at the southern regions of the Lake near to the outlets of the drains.
    Beschreibung: NIOF
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Hydrography ; Water ; Chemistry ; Chemical composition ; Water content ; Environment ; Chemical composition ; Environments ; Water content ; Fisheries
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
    Format: 1623488 bytes
    Format: 46916 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-15
    Beschreibung: Author: Leslie K. Ferrarelli
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-08
    Beschreibung: Separation and purification are critical industrial processes for separating components of chemical mixtures, and these processes account for about half of industrial energy usage (1). Gas mixtures of compounds with very similar physical properties are particularly difficult to separate. On pages 137 and 141 of this issue, Cadiau et al. (2) and Cui et al. (3), respectively, show that microporous materials can be designed to have high adsorption capacity and selectivity for particular hydrocarbons, enabling energy-efficient separation. Author: Jerry Y. S. Lin
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 32
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-24
    Beschreibung: Author: Guy Riddihough
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-05-27
    Beschreibung: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that is a leading cause of life-threatening infections in humans. Knowledge of how this pathogen colonizes the human host and causes disease is crucial for the development of strategies to prevent and treat S. aureus infections (see the image, next page). On page 1105 of this issue, Ghssein et al. report the discovery, isolation, and functional evaluation of staphylopine (see the figure), a compound biosynthesized by S. aureus that captures metal ions from the pathogen's surroundings and thereby enables it to grow (1). Author: Elizabeth M. Nolan
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 34
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-05-27
    Beschreibung: Biomass-degrading microorganisms use lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) enzymes to help digest cellulose, chitin, and starch. By cleaving otherwise inaccessible crystalline cellulose chains, these enzymes provide access to hydrolytic enzymes. LPMOs are of interest to biotechnology because efficient depolymerization of cellulose is a major bottleneck for the production of biologically based chemicals and fuels. On page 1098 of this issue, Kracher et al. (1) compare LPMO-reducing substrates in fungi from different taxonomic groups and lifestyles, based on both biochemical and genomic evidence. The results provide insights into reductive activation of LPMO that are important for developing more efficient industrial enzymes for lignocellulose biorefineries. Author: Angel T. Martínez
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 35
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-05-27
    Beschreibung: Author: Nicolas S. Wigginton
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 36
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-25
    Beschreibung: Author: Marc S. Lavine
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 37
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-03
    Beschreibung: Author: Guy Riddihough
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 38
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-03-04
    Beschreibung: Human beings routinely help others to achieve their goals, even when the helper receives no immediate benefit and the person helped is a stranger. Such altruistic behaviors (toward non-kin) are extremely rare evolutionarily, with some theorists even proposing that they are uniquely human. Here we show that human children as young as 18 months of age (prelinguistic or just-linguistic) quite readily help others to achieve their goals in a variety of different situations. This requires both an understanding of others' goals and an altruistic motivation to help. In addition, we demonstrate similar though less robust skills and motivations in three young chimpanzees.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warneken, Felix -- Tomasello, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Mar 3;311(5765):1301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. warneken@eva.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16513986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Altruism ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; *Helping Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Motivation ; Pan troglodytes/*psychology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 39
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-09-09
    Beschreibung: CD8-positive T lymphocytes recognize peptides that are usually derived from the degradation of cellular proteins and are presented by class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. Here we describe a human minor histocompatibility antigen created by a polymorphism in the SP110 nuclear phosphoprotein gene. The antigenic peptide comprises two noncontiguous SP110 peptide segments spliced together in reverse order to that in which they occur in the predicted SP110 protein. The antigenic peptide could be produced in vitro by incubation of precursor peptides with highly purified 20S proteasomes. Cutting and splicing probably occur within the proteasome by transpeptidation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warren, Edus H -- Vigneron, Nathalie J -- Gavin, Marc A -- Coulie, Pierre G -- Stroobant, Vincent -- Dalet, Alexandre -- Tykodi, Scott S -- Xuereb, Suzanne M -- Mito, Jeffrey K -- Riddell, Stanley R -- Van den Eynde, Benoit J -- CA106512/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA18029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA018029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1444-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16960008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; *Antigen Presentation ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Electroporation ; HLA-A Antigens/immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; *Protein Splicing ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ghiselin, Michael T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):689-97; author reply 689-97.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; Male ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 41
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-06-17
    Beschreibung: Small noncoding RNAs regulate processes essential for cell growth and development, including mRNA degradation, translational repression, and transcriptional gene silencing (TGS). During a search for candidate mammalian factors for TGS, we purified a complex that contains small RNAs and Riwi, the rat homolog to human Piwi. The RNAs, frequently 29 to 30 nucleotides in length, are called Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), 94% of which map to 100 defined (〈 or = 101 kb) genomic regions. Within these regions, the piRNAs generally distribute across only one genomic strand or distribute on two strands but in a divergent, nonoverlapping manner. Preparations of piRNA complex (piRC) contain rRecQ1, which is homologous to qde-3 from Neurospora, a gene implicated in silencing pathways. Piwi has been genetically linked to TGS in flies, and slicer activity cofractionates with the purified complex. These results are consistent with a gene-silencing role for piRC in mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lau, Nelson C -- Seto, Anita G -- Kim, Jinkuk -- Kuramochi-Miyagawa, Satomi -- Nakano, Toru -- Bartel, David P -- Kingston, Robert E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):363-7. Epub 2006 Jun 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16778019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphatases/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Animals ; Chromosomes, Mammalian ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA Helicases/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Gene Library ; Genome ; Male ; Mice ; Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Untranslated/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RecQ Helicases ; Ribonucleoproteins/chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Testis/*chemistry ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 42
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mills, Edward -- Rennie, Stuart -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 20;314(5798):417-9; author reply 417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17053128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *AIDS Serodiagnosis ; Female ; HIV Infections/*diagnosis/prevention & control ; *Human Rights ; Humans ; Male ; Mandatory Testing ; Prejudice
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 43
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-06-10
    Beschreibung: How does the bilingual brain distinguish and control which language is in use? Previous functional imaging experiments have not been able to answer this question because proficient bilinguals activate the same brain regions irrespective of the language being tested. Here, we reveal that neuronal responses within the left caudate are sensitive to changes in the language or the meaning of words. By demonstrating this effect in populations of German-English and Japanese-English bilinguals, we suggest that the left caudate plays a universal role in monitoring and controlling the language in use.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crinion, J -- Turner, R -- Grogan, A -- Hanakawa, T -- Noppeney, U -- Devlin, J T -- Aso, T -- Urayama, S -- Fukuyama, H -- Stockton, K -- Usui, K -- Green, D W -- Price, C J -- 051067/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 9;312(5779):1537-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16763154" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Multilingualism ; Neurons/physiology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Semantics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-11-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):921.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17095674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alberta ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Dinosaurs/anatomy & histology/classification ; Female ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; Male ; Sex Characteristics ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 45
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culotta, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 19;312(5776):983-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16709753" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Body Height ; Female ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; *Hominidae/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Indonesia ; Male ; Skeleton
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 46
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-12-02
    Beschreibung: Efforts to test sex ratio theory have focused mostly on females. However, when males possess traits that could enhance the reproductive success of sons, males would also benefit from the manipulation of the offspring sex ratio. We tested the prediction that more-fertile red deer males produce more sons. Our findings reveal that male fertility is positively related to the proportion of male offspring. We also show that there is a positive correlation between the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa (a main determinant of male fertility) and the proportion of male offspring. Thus, males may contribute significantly to biases in sex ratio at birth among mammals, creating the potential for conflicts of interest between males and females.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gomendio, Montserrat -- Malo, Aurelio F -- Soler, Ana J -- Fernandez-Santos, Maria R -- Esteso, Milagros C -- Garcia, Andres J -- Roldan, Eduardo R S -- Garde, Julian -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 1;314(5804):1445-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Reproductive Ecology and Biology Group, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)], 28006-Madrid, Spain. montseg@mncn.csic.es〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17138900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Deer/*physiology ; Female ; *Fertility ; Fertilization ; Male ; Reproduction ; *Sex Ratio ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa/cytology ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome
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  • 47
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-12-02
    Beschreibung: According to theory, homoploid hybrid speciation, which is hybrid speciation without a change in chromosome number, is facilitated by adaptation to a novel or extreme habitat. Using molecular and ecological data, we found that the alpine-adapted butterflies in the genus Lycaeides are the product of hybrid speciation. The alpine populations possess a mosaic genome derived from both L. melissa and L. idas and are differentiated from and younger than their putative parental species. As predicted, adaptive traits may allow for persistence in the environmentally extreme alpine habitat and reproductively isolate these populations from their parental species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gompert, Zachariah -- Fordyce, James A -- Forister, Matthew L -- Shapiro, Arthur M -- Nice, Chris C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 22;314(5807):1923-5. Epub 2006 Nov 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Population and Conservation Biology Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17138866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation, Physiological ; Alleles ; Altitude ; Animals ; Astragalus Plant ; Bayes Theorem ; Butterflies/anatomy & histology/*genetics/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Gene Flow ; *Genetic Speciation ; Genome ; Geography ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; North America ; Ploidies ; Reproduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-01
    Beschreibung: During embryogenesis, stem cells are set aside to fuel the postnatal hair cycle and repair the epidermis after injury. To define how hair follicle stem cells are specified and maintained in an undifferentiated state, we developed a strategy to isolate and transcriptionally profile embryonic hair progenitors in mice. We identified Lhx2 as a transcription factor positioned downstream of signals necessary to specify hair follicle stem cells, but upstream from signals required to drive activated stem cells to terminally differentiate. Using gain- and loss-of-function studies, we uncovered a role for Lhx2 in maintaining the growth and undifferentiated properties of hair follicle progenitors.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2405918/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2405918/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rhee, Horace -- Polak, Lisa -- Fuchs, Elaine -- R01 AR031737/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR031737-24/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR050452/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR050452-04/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-AR050452/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 30;312(5782):1946-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Epidermis/cytology/embryology ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hair/embryology/growth & development ; Hair Follicle/*cytology/embryology/physiology ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Morphogenesis ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Signal Transduction ; Skin Transplantation ; Stem Cells/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Up-Regulation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 49
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-13
    Beschreibung: A new species of African monkey, Lophocebus kipunji, was described in 2005 based on observations from two sites in Tanzania. We have since obtained a specimen killed by a farmer on Mount Rungwe, the type locality. Detailed molecular phylogenetic analyses of this specimen demonstrate that the genus Lophocebus is diphyletic. We provide a description of a new genus of African monkey and of the only preserved specimen of this primate. We also present information on the animal's ecology and conservation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davenport, Tim R B -- Stanley, William T -- Sargis, Eric J -- De Luca, Daniela W -- Mpunga, Noah E -- Machaga, Sophy J -- Olson, Link E -- RR-16466-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1378-81. Epub 2006 May 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wildlife Conservation Society, Southern Highlands Conservation Programme, Post Office Box 1475, Mbeya, Tanzania. tdavenport@wcs.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cercopithecinae/anatomy & histology/*classification ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology ; Male ; Tanzania
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-11-11
    Beschreibung: The sea urchin genome reveals large domains of biology heretofore unexplored at the genome level, as this is the first nonchordate deuterostome sequence. The sequence will accelerate progress toward complete understanding of the genomic regulatory system that controls developmental specification and morphogenetic function, thus illuminating basic developmental process in all animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, Eric H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):939-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. davidson@caltech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17095689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Regulator ; Genetic Speciation ; *Genome ; Genomics ; Male ; Morphogenesis ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Strongylocentrotus purpuratus/embryology/*genetics/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 51
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-11-25
    Beschreibung: The Dobzhansky-Muller model proposes that hybrid incompatibilities are caused by the interaction between genes that have functionally diverged in the respective hybridizing species. Here, we show that Lethal hybrid rescue (Lhr) has functionally diverged in Drosophila simulans and interacts with Hybrid male rescue (Hmr), which has functionally diverged in D. melanogaster, to cause lethality in F1 hybrid males. LHR localizes to heterochromatic regions of the genome and has diverged extensively in sequence between these species in a manner consistent with positive selection. Rapidly evolving heterochromatic DNA sequences may be driving the evolution of this incompatibility gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brideau, Nicholas J -- Flores, Heather A -- Wang, Jun -- Maheshwari, Shamoni -- Wang, Xu -- Barbash, Daniel A -- R01 GM074737-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 24;314(5803):1292-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17124320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/physiology ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Speciation ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Selection, Genetic ; Transformation, Genetic ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 52
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lessells, C M -- Bennett, Andrew T D -- Birkhead, Tim R -- Colegrave, Nick -- Dall, Sasha R X -- Harvey, Paul H -- Hatchwell, Ben -- Hosken, Dave J -- Hunt, John -- Moore, Allen J -- Parker, Geoff A -- Pitnick, Scott -- Pizzari, Tommaso -- Radwan, Jacek -- Ritchie, Mike -- Sheldon, Ben C -- Shuker, David M -- Simmons, Leigh W -- Stockley, Paula -- Tregenza, Tom -- Zuk, Marlene -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):689-97; author reply 689-97.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; *Game Theory ; Male ; Reproduction ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Social Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 53
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-04-08
    Beschreibung: The liver can regenerate its volume after major tissue loss. In a mouse model of liver regeneration, thrombocytopenia, or impaired platelet activity resulted in the failure to initiate cellular proliferation in the liver. Platelets are major carriers of serotonin in the blood. In thrombocytopenic mice, a serotonin agonist reconstituted liver proliferation. The expression of 5-HT2A and 2B subtype serotonin receptors in the liver increased after hepatectomy. Antagonists of 5-HT2A and 2B receptors inhibited liver regeneration. Liver regeneration was also blunted in mice lacking tryptophan hydroxylase 1, which is the rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of peripheral serotonin. This failure of regeneration was rescued by reloading serotonin-free platelets with a serotonin precursor molecule. These results suggest that platelet-derived serotonin is involved in the initiation of liver regeneration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lesurtel, Mickael -- Graf, Rolf -- Aleil, Boris -- Walther, Diego J -- Tian, Yinghua -- Jochum, Wolfram -- Gachet, Christian -- Bader, Michael -- Clavien, Pierre-Alain -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Apr 7;312(5770):104-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 5-Hydroxytryptophan/pharmacology ; Amphetamines/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Platelets/metabolism/*physiology ; Busulfan/pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; Hepatectomy ; Hepatocytes/cytology ; Liver/metabolism/*physiology ; *Liver Regeneration ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Platelet Count ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2B/metabolism ; Serotonin/blood/*physiology ; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists ; Thrombocytopenia ; Ticlopidine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Tryptophan Hydroxylase/genetics/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-06-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, Zunyou -- Sun, Xinhua -- Sullivan, Sheena G -- Detels, Roger -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 9;312(5779):1475-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, PR China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16763133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *AIDS Serodiagnosis/statistics & numerical data ; China/epidemiology ; Confidentiality/legislation & jurisprudence ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Female ; HIV Infections/diagnosis/*epidemiology/prevention & control ; Health Care Costs ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 55
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-18
    Beschreibung: Translocation is one of the most frequently occurring human chromosomal aberrations. The constitutional t(11;22)(q23;q11), which is the only known recurrent non-Robertsonian translocation, represents a good model for studying translocations in humans. Here we demonstrate polymorphisms of the palindromic sequence at the t(11;22) breakpoint that affect the frequency of de novo translocations in sperm from normal males. A typical allele consists of a perfect palindrome, producing ~10-5 de novo t(11;22) translocations. Alleles with an asymmetric center do not form the t(11;22). Our data show the importance of genome sequence on chromosomal rearrangements, a class of human mutation that is thought to be random.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2818512/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2818512/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kato, Takema -- Inagaki, Hidehito -- Yamada, Kouji -- Kogo, Hiroshi -- Ohye, Tamae -- Kowa, Hiroe -- Nagaoka, Kayuri -- Taniguchi, Mariko -- Emanuel, Beverly S -- Kurahashi, Hiroki -- CA39926/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 DC002027/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- P01 DC002027-070006/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA039926/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA039926-18/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 17;311(5763):971.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake Aichi 470-1192, Japan [corrected]〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AT Rich Sequence ; Alleles ; Gene Frequency ; *Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Deletion ; *Spermatozoa ; *Translocation, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 56
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-25
    Beschreibung: The transcription factor NF-kappaB modulates apoptotic responses induced by genotoxic stress. We show that NF-kappaB essential modulator (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of IkappaB kinase (IKK) (which phosphorylates the NF-kappaB inhibitor IkappaB), associates with activated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) after the induction of DNA double-strand breaks. ATM phosphorylates serine-85 of NEMO to promote its ubiquitin-dependent nuclear export. ATM is also exported in a NEMO-dependent manner to the cytoplasm, where it associates with and causes the activation of IKK in a manner dependent on another IKK regulator, a protein rich in glutamate, leucine, lysine, and serine (ELKS). Thus, regulated nuclear shuttling of NEMO links two signaling kinases, ATM and IKK, to activate NF-kappaB by genotoxic signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, Zhao-Hui -- Shi, Yuling -- Tibbetts, Randal S -- Miyamoto, Shigeki -- R01-CA77474/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA81065/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM067868/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 24;311(5764):1141-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 301 SMI, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16497931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; *DNA Damage ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase/*metabolism ; I-kappa B Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; SUMO-1 Protein/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, Jane -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 6;314(5796):52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023634" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Counseling ; Female ; Financial Support ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior ; *United Nations/economics ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 58
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-04
    Beschreibung: Few sub-Saharan African countries have witnessed declines in HIV prevalence, and only Uganda has compelling evidence for a decline founded on sexual behavior change. We report a decline in HIV prevalence in eastern Zimbabwe between 1998 and 2003 associated with sexual behavior change in four distinct socioeconomic strata. HIV prevalence fell most steeply at young ages-by 23 and 49%, respectively, among men aged 17 to 29 years and women aged 15 to 24 years-and in more educated groups. Sexually experienced men and women reported reductions in casual sex of 49 and 22%, respectively, whereas recent cohorts reported delayed sexual debut. Selective AIDS-induced mortality contributed to the decline in HIV prevalence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gregson, Simon -- Garnett, Geoffrey P -- Nyamukapa, Constance A -- Hallett, Timothy B -- Lewis, James J C -- Mason, Peter R -- Chandiwana, Stephen K -- Anderson, Roy M -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):664-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, UK. Sajgregson@aol.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Cohort Studies ; Condoms ; *Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Emigration and Immigration ; Female ; HIV Infections/*epidemiology/mortality/prevention & control/transmission ; Humans ; Incidence ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk-Taking ; *Sexual Behavior ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Zimbabwe/epidemiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 59
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-11-11
    Beschreibung: The molecular mechanisms controlling human hair growth and scalp hair loss are poorly understood. By screening about 350,000 individuals in two populations from the Volga-Ural region of Russia, we identified a gene mutation in families who show an inherited form of hair loss and a hair growth defect. Affected individuals were homozygous for a deletion in the LIPH gene on chromosome 3q27, caused by short interspersed nuclear element-retrotransposon-mediated recombination. The LIPH gene is expressed in hair follicles and encodes a phospholipase called lipase H (alternatively known as membrane-associated phosphatidic acid-selective phospholipase A1alpha), an enzyme that regulates the production of bioactive lipids. These results suggest that lipase H participates in hair growth and development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kazantseva, Anastasiya -- Goltsov, Andrey -- Zinchenko, Rena -- Grigorenko, Anastasia P -- Abrukova, Anna V -- Moliaka, Yuri K -- Kirillov, Alexander G -- Guo, Zhiru -- Lyle, Stephen -- Ginter, Evgeny K -- Rogaev, Evgeny I -- K08-AR02179/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):982-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 303 Belmont Street, Worcester, MA 01604, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17095700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alu Elements ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics ; Exons ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Markers ; Hair/*growth & development ; Hair Follicle/enzymology ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Hypotrichosis/*genetics ; Lipase/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lod Score ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pedigree ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombination, Genetic ; Retroelements ; Russia ; Tandem Repeat Sequences
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-19
    Beschreibung: Eukaryotic flagella and cilia are built on a 9 + 2 array of microtubules plus 〉250 accessory proteins, forming a biological machine called the axoneme. Here we describe the three-dimensional structure of rapidly frozen axonemes from Chlamydomonas and sea urchin sperm, using cryoelectron tomography and image processing to focus on the motor enzyme dynein. Our images suggest a model for the way dynein generates force to slide microtubules. They also reveal two dynein linkers that may provide "hard-wiring" to coordinate motor enzyme action, both circumferentially and along the axoneme. Periodic densities were also observed inside doublet microtubules; these may contribute to doublet stability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nicastro, Daniela -- Schwartz, Cindi -- Pierson, Jason -- Gaudette, Richard -- Porter, Mary E -- McIntosh, J Richard -- 2R37-GM55667/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR 000592/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 18;313(5789):944-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for 3D Electron Microscopy of Cells, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, CB 347, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0347, USA. nicastro@colorado.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16917055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/ultrastructure ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Dyneins/*chemistry/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Flagella/chemistry/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Freezing ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; Microtubules/chemistry/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Motor Proteins/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Sea Urchins ; Sperm Tail/chemistry/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Tomography
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 61
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-20
    Beschreibung: We describe the use of gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide complexes as intracellular gene regulation agents for the control of protein expression in cells. These oligonucleotide-modified nanoparticles have affinity constants for complementary nucleic acids that are higher than their unmodified oligonucleotide counterparts, are less susceptible to degradation by nuclease activity, exhibit greater than 99% cellular uptake, can introduce oligonucleotides at a higher effective concentration than conventional transfection agents, and are nontoxic to the cells under the conditions studied. By chemically tailoring the density of DNA bound to the surface of gold nanoparticles, we demonstrated a tunable gene knockdown.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosi, Nathaniel L -- Giljohann, David A -- Thaxton, C Shad -- Lytton-Jean, Abigail K R -- Han, Min Su -- Mirkin, Chad A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 19;312(5776):1027-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113 USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16709779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Deoxyribonucleases/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Glutathione/metabolism ; *Gold ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; *Nanostructures ; *Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 62
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-21
    Beschreibung: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in individuals aged older than 50 years, is classified as either wet (neovascular) or dry (nonneovascular). Inherited variation in the complement factor H gene is a major risk factor for drusen in dry AMD. Here we report that a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of HTRA1, a serine protease gene on chromosome 10q26, is a major genetic risk factor for wet AMD. A whole-genome association mapping strategy was applied to a Chinese population, yielding a P value of 〈10(-11). Individuals with the risk-associated genotype were estimated to have a likelihood of developing wet AMD 10 times that of individuals with the wild-type genotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dewan, Andrew -- Liu, Mugen -- Hartman, Stephen -- Zhang, Samuel Shao-Min -- Liu, David T L -- Zhao, Connie -- Tam, Pancy O S -- Chan, Wai Man -- Lam, Dennis S C -- Snyder, Michael -- Barnstable, Colin -- Pang, Chi Pui -- Hoh, Josephine -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):989-92. Epub 2006 Oct 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17053108" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/genetics ; Female ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Macular Degeneration/*genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Retinal Neovascularization ; Serine Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Serum Response Factor/metabolism ; Transcription Factor AP-2/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 63
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-12-13
    Beschreibung: Mounting evidence has revealed pathological interactions between HIV and malaria in dually infected patients, but the public health implications of the interplay have remained unclear. A transient almost one-log elevation in HIV viral load occurs during febrile malaria episodes; in addition, susceptibility to malaria is enhanced in HIV-infected patients. A mathematical model applied to a setting in Kenya with an adult population of roughly 200,000 estimated that, since 1980, the disease interaction may have been responsible for 8,500 excess HIV infections and 980,000 excess malaria episodes. Co-infection might also have facilitated the geographic expansion of malaria in areas where HIV prevalence is high. Hence, transient and repeated increases in HIV viral load resulting from recurrent co-infection with malaria may be an important factor in promoting the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abu-Raddad, Laith J -- Patnaik, Padmaja -- Kublin, James G -- P30 AI 27757/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 8;314(5805):1603-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. laith@scharp.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17158329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Disease Susceptibility ; Endemic Diseases ; Female ; HIV Infections/*complications/*epidemiology/transmission/virology ; HIV-1/physiology ; Humans ; Kenya/epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum/*complications/drug therapy/*epidemiology/transmission ; Male ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Prevalence ; Recurrence ; Sexual Behavior ; Viral Load ; Viremia ; Virus Replication
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 64
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-06
    Beschreibung: Fat tissue is the most important energy depot in vertebrates. The release of free fatty acids (FFAs) from stored fat requires the enzymatic activity of lipases. We showed that genetic inactivation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in mice increases adipose mass and leads to triacylglycerol deposition in multiple tissues. ATGL-deficient mice accumulated large amounts of lipid in the heart, causing cardiac dysfunction and premature death. Defective cold adaptation indicated that the enzyme provides FFAs to fuel thermogenesis. The reduced availability of ATGL-derived FFAs leads to increased glucose use, increased glucose tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity. These results indicate that ATGL is rate limiting in the catabolism of cellular fat depots and plays an important role in energy homeostasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haemmerle, Guenter -- Lass, Achim -- Zimmermann, Robert -- Gorkiewicz, Gregor -- Meyer, Carola -- Rozman, Jan -- Heldmaier, Gerhard -- Maier, Robert -- Theussl, Christian -- Eder, Sandra -- Kratky, Dagmar -- Wagner, Erwin F -- Klingenspor, Martin -- Hoefler, Gerald -- Zechner, Rudolf -- F 3001/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- F 3002/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):734-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adipocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/anatomy & histology/*enzymology/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Size ; *Energy Metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood/metabolism ; Female ; Heart Failure/pathology ; Homeostasis ; Insulin/blood ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Kidney/metabolism ; Lipase/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Lipids/blood ; *Lipolysis/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Myocardium/metabolism/pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology/metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption ; Testis/metabolism ; Thermogenesis ; Triglycerides/*metabolism ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 65
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-09-09
    Beschreibung: Chromosomal integration enables human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to establish a permanent reservoir that can be therapeutically suppressed but not eradicated. Participation of cellular proteins in this obligate replication step is poorly understood. We used intensified RNA interference and dominant-negative protein approaches to show that the cellular transcriptional coactivator lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75 (p75) is an essential HIV integration cofactor. The mechanism requires both linkages of a molecular tether that p75 forms between integrase and chromatin. Fractionally minute levels of endogenous p75 are sufficient to enable integration, showing that cellular factors that engage HIV after entry may elude identification in less intensive knockdowns. Perturbing the p75-integrase interaction may have therapeutic potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Llano, Manuel -- Saenz, Dyana T -- Meehan, Anne -- Wongthida, Phonphimon -- Peretz, Mary -- Walker, William H -- Teo, Wulin -- Poeschla, Eric M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 20;314(5798):461-4. Epub 2006 Sep 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16959972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism/*virology ; Cell Line ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; HIV Integrase/*metabolism ; HIV-1/*physiology ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; *Virus Integration ; Virus Replication
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 66
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-11-18
    Beschreibung: Our knowledge of Neanderthals is based on a limited number of remains and artifacts from which we must make inferences about their biology, behavior, and relationship to ourselves. Here, we describe the characterization of these extinct hominids from a new perspective, based on the development of a Neanderthal metagenomic library and its high-throughput sequencing and analysis. Several lines of evidence indicate that the 65,250 base pairs of hominid sequence so far identified in the library are of Neanderthal origin, the strongest being the ascertainment of sequence identities between Neanderthal and chimpanzee at sites where the human genomic sequence is different. These results enabled us to calculate the human-Neanderthal divergence time based on multiple randomly distributed autosomal loci. Our analyses suggest that on average the Neanderthal genomic sequence we obtained and the reference human genome sequence share a most recent common ancestor approximately 706,000 years ago, and that the human and Neanderthal ancestral populations split approximately 370,000 years ago, before the emergence of anatomically modern humans. Our finding that the Neanderthal and human genomes are at least 99.5% identical led us to develop and successfully implement a targeted method for recovering specific ancient DNA sequences from metagenomic libraries. This initial analysis of the Neanderthal genome advances our understanding of the evolutionary relationship of Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis and signifies the dawn of Neanderthal genomics.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2583069/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2583069/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noonan, James P -- Coop, Graham -- Kudaravalli, Sridhar -- Smith, Doug -- Krause, Johannes -- Alessi, Joe -- Chen, Feng -- Platt, Darren -- Paabo, Svante -- Pritchard, Jonathan K -- Rubin, Edward M -- 1-F32-GM074367/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL066681/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002772/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002772-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002772-1/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 17;314(5802):1113-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17110569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Bone and Bones ; Cell Nucleus ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; *Fossils ; Gene Pool ; Genome ; Genome, Human ; Genomic Library ; History, Ancient ; Hominidae/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Alignment ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; Time
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-18
    Beschreibung: Theories about sexual selection can be traced back to Darwin in 1871. He proposed that males fertilize as many females as possible with inexpensive sperm, whereas females, with a limited supply of large eggs, select the genetically highest quality males to endow their offspring with superior capabilities. Since its proposal, problems with this narrative have continued to accumulate, and it is our view that sexual selection theory needs to be replaced. We suggest an approach that relies on the exchange of direct ecological benefits among cooperating animals without reference to genetic benefits. This approach can be expressed mathematically in a branch of game theory that pertains to bargaining and side payments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roughgarden, Joan -- Oishi, Meeko -- Akcay, Erol -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 17;311(5763):965-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA. joan.roughgarden@stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Charadriiformes/physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; *Game Theory ; Male ; Mathematics ; Oviposition ; Perciformes/physiology ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Social Behavior
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  • 68
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-22
    Beschreibung: The surface potential of biological membranes varies according to their lipid composition. We devised genetically encoded probes to assess surface potential in intact cells. These probes revealed marked, localized alterations in the charge of the inner surface of the plasma membrane of macrophages during the course of phagocytosis. Hydrolysis of phosphoinositides and displacement of phosphatidylserine accounted for the change in surface potential at the phagosomal cup. Signaling molecules such as K-Ras, Rac1, and c-Src that are targeted to the membrane by electrostatic interactions were rapidly released from membrane subdomains where the surface charge was altered by lipid remodeling during phagocytosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yeung, Tony -- Terebiznik, Mauricio -- Yu, Liming -- Silvius, John -- Abidi, Wasif M -- Philips, Mark -- Levine, Tim -- Kapus, Andras -- Grinstein, Sergio -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):347-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cell Biology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Department, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16857939" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*physiology ; Fluorescent Dyes/metabolism ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Ionomycin/pharmacology ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; Liposomes/metabolism ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Molecular Probes/metabolism ; Neuropeptides/metabolism ; Opsonin Proteins ; Peptides/metabolism ; *Phagocytosis ; Phagosomes/physiology ; Phospholipids/analysis/metabolism ; Receptors, Fc/immunology/metabolism ; Static Electricity ; rac GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein ; ras Proteins/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-04-29
    Beschreibung: Mutations in the nuclear structural protein lamin A cause the premature aging syndrome Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (HGPS). Whether lamin A plays any role in normal aging is unknown. We show that the same molecular mechanism responsible for HGPS is active in healthy cells. Cell nuclei from old individuals acquire defects similar to those of HGPS patient cells, including changes in histone modifications and increased DNA damage. Age-related nuclear defects are caused by sporadic use, in healthy individuals, of the same cryptic splice site in lamin A whose constitutive activation causes HGPS. Inhibition of this splice site reverses the nuclear defects associated with aging. These observations implicate lamin A in physiological aging.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1855250/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1855250/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scaffidi, Paola -- Misteli, Tom -- Z01 BC010309-07/BC/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 19;312(5776):1059-63. Epub 2006 Apr 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16645051" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/pathology ; DNA Damage ; Exons ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Lamin Type A/genetics/*physiology ; Progeria/genetics/pathology ; RNA Splicing/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 70
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-26
    Beschreibung: The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase is a critical component of a DNA-damage response network configured to maintain genomic integrity. The abundance of an essential downstream effecter of this pathway, the tumor suppressor protein p53, is tightly regulated by controlled degradation through COP1 and other E3 ubiquitin ligases, such as MDM2 and Pirh2; however, the signal transduction pathway that regulates the COP1-p53 axis following DNA damage remains enigmatic. We observed that in response to DNA damage, ATM phosphorylated COP1 on Ser(387) and stimulated a rapid autodegradation mechanism. Ionizing radiation triggered an ATM-dependent movement of COP1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and ATM-dependent phosphorylation of COP1 on Ser(387) was both necessary and sufficient to disrupt the COP1-p53 complex and subsequently to abrogate the ubiquitination and degradation of p53. Furthermore, phosphorylation of COP1 on Ser(387) was required to permit p53 to become stabilized and to exert its tumor suppressor properties in response to DNA damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dornan, David -- Shimizu, Harumi -- Mah, Angie -- Dudhela, Tanay -- Eby, Michael -- O'rourke, Karen -- Seshagiri, Somasekar -- Dixit, Vishva M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 25;313(5790):1122-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16931761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; *DNA Damage ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics/metabolism ; Etoposide/pharmacology ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphoserine/metabolism ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 71
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: Cognitive functions dependent on the prefrontal cortex, such as the ability to suppress behavior (response inhibition) and to learn from complex feedback (probabilistic learning), play critical roles in activities of daily life. To what extent do different neurochemical systems modulate these two cognitive functions? Here, using stop-signal and probabilistic learning tasks, we show a double dissociation for the involvement of noradrenaline and serotonin in human cognition. In healthy volunteers, inhibition of central noradrenaline reuptake improved response inhibition but had no effect on probabilistic learning, whereas inhibition of central serotonin reuptake impaired probabilistic learning with no effect on response inhibition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867315/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867315/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chamberlain, Samuel R -- Muller, Ulrich -- Blackwell, Andrew D -- Clark, Luke -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Sahakian, Barbara J -- 076274/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0001354/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0401099/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 10;311(5762):861-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Box 189, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK. src33@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16469930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride ; Citalopram/pharmacology ; Double-Blind Method ; Feedback, Psychological ; Humans ; *Inhibition (Psychology) ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Neural Inhibition ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Propylamines/pharmacology ; Psychomotor Performance ; Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
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  • 72
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-21
    Beschreibung: The tumor suppressor programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) inhibits the translation initiation factor eIF4A, an RNA helicase that catalyzes the unwinding of secondary structure at the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In response to mitogens, PDCD4 was rapidly phosphorylated on Ser67 by the protein kinase S6K1 and subsequently degraded via the ubiquitin ligase SCF(betaTRCP). Expression in cultured cells of a stable PDCD4 mutant that is unable to bind betaTRCP inhibited translation of an mRNA with a structured 5'UTR, resulted in smaller cell size, and slowed down cell cycle progression. We propose that regulated degradation of PDCD4 in response to mitogens allows efficient protein synthesis and consequently cell growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dorrello, N Valerio -- Peschiaroli, Angelo -- Guardavaccaro, Daniele -- Colburn, Nancy H -- Sherman, Nicholas E -- Pagano, Michele -- R01-CA76584/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM57587/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 20;314(5798):467-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, MSB 599, New York, NY 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17053147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 5' Untranslated Regions ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Cell Proliferation ; Cell Size ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4F/metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G/metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factors/metabolism ; Humans ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; RNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases/metabolism ; SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/*metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Serum ; Signal Transduction ; beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 73
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-10
    Beschreibung: The pathophysiology of depression remains enigmatic, although abnormalities in serotonin signaling have been implicated. We have found that the serotonin 1B receptor [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1B) receptor] interacts with p11. p11 increases localization of 5-HT1B receptors at the cell surface. p11 is increased in rodent brains by antidepressants or electroconvulsive therapy, but decreased in an animal model of depression and in brain tissue from depressed patients. Overexpression of p11 increases 5-HT1B receptor function in cells and recapitulates certain behaviors seen after antidepressant treatment in mice. p11 knockout mice exhibit a depression-like phenotype and have reduced responsiveness to 5-HT1B receptor agonists and reduced behavioral reactions to an antidepressant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Svenningsson, Per -- Chergui, Karima -- Rachleff, Ilan -- Flajolet, Marc -- Zhang, Xiaoqun -- El Yacoubi, Malika -- Vaugeois, Jean-Marie -- Nomikos, George G -- Greengard, Paul -- DA10044/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH40899/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):77-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16400147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Annexin A2/genetics/*metabolism ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Depression/genetics/*metabolism ; Electroconvulsive Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Middle Aged ; Neurons/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/*metabolism ; S100 Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 74
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-05-06
    Beschreibung: Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are part of an environment-independent spatial coordinate system. To determine how information about location, direction, and distance is integrated in the grid-cell network, we recorded from each principal cell layer of MEC in rats that explored two-dimensional environments. Whereas layer II was predominated by grid cells, grid cells colocalized with head-direction cells and conjunctive grid x head-direction cells in the deeper layers. All cell types were modulated by running speed. The conjunction of positional, directional, and translational information in a single MEC cell type may enable grid coordinates to be updated during self-motion-based navigation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sargolini, Francesca -- Fyhn, Marianne -- Hafting, Torkel -- McNaughton, Bruce L -- Witter, Menno P -- Moser, May-Britt -- Moser, Edvard I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):758-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Electrophysiology ; Entorhinal Cortex/*cytology/*physiology ; Exploratory Behavior ; Locomotion ; Male ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; *Orientation ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; *Space Perception
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Szathmary, Eors -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):306-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biology, Eotvos University Budapest, and Collegium Budapest (Institute for Advanced Study), 2 Szentharomsag utca, H-1014 Budapest, Hungary. szathmary@colbud.hu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16857926" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Biological Evolution ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Computational Biology ; Cooperative Behavior ; Cultural Evolution ; Exobiology ; Humans ; Language ; Models, Biological ; Models, Theoretical ; Molecular Biology ; Origin of Life ; *Research ; Selection, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 18;313(5789):901.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16917033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage/*adverse effects ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Clinical Trials as Topic/*adverse effects/methods/standards ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Immune System/*drug effects ; Inflammation/*etiology ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 77
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-04-15
    Beschreibung: Obesity is a heritable trait and a risk factor for many common diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. We used a dense whole-genome scan of DNA samples from the Framingham Heart Study participants to identify a common genetic variant near the INSIG2 gene associated with obesity. We have replicated the finding in four separate samples composed of individuals of Western European ancestry, African Americans, and children. The obesity-predisposing genotype is present in 10% of individuals. Our study suggests that common genetic polymorphisms are important determinants of obesity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herbert, Alan -- Gerry, Norman P -- McQueen, Matthew B -- Heid, Iris M -- Pfeufer, Arne -- Illig, Thomas -- Wichmann, H-Erich -- Meitinger, Thomas -- Hunter, David -- Hu, Frank B -- Colditz, Graham -- Hinney, Anke -- Hebebrand, Johannes -- Koberwitz, Kerstin -- Zhu, Xiaofeng -- Cooper, Richard -- Ardlie, Kristin -- Lyon, Helen -- Hirschhorn, Joel N -- Laird, Nan M -- Lenburg, Marc E -- Lange, Christoph -- Christman, Michael F -- CA87969/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K23DK067288/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30DK46200/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD060726/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01GM046877/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01HL074166/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01HL54485/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01HL66289/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01MH59532/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01HL65899/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Apr 14;312(5771):279-83.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University Medical School, E613, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA. aherbert@bu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16614226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; African Americans ; Alleles ; *Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Europe ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Models, Genetic ; Obesity/*genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-04
    Beschreibung: The aging of organisms is characterized by a gradual functional decline of all organ systems. Mammalian somatic cells in culture display a limited proliferative life span, at the end of which they undergo an irreversible cell cycle arrest known as replicative senescence. Whether cellular senescence contributes to organismal aging has been controversial. We investigated telomere dysfunction, a recently discovered biomarker of cellular senescence, and found that the number of senescent fibroblasts increases exponentially in the skin of aging baboons, reaching 〉15% of all cells in very old individuals. In addition, the same cells contain activated ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase and heterochromatinized nuclei, confirming their senescent status.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herbig, Utz -- Ferreira, Mark -- Condel, Laura -- Carey, Dee -- Sedivy, John M -- F32 CA099388/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL028972/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P20 RR015578/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR013986/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG016694/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Mar 3;311(5765):1257. Epub 2006 Feb 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Biomarkers ; Cell Aging/*physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; DNA Replication ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Dermis/cytology ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/*physiology ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; Papio/*physiology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Telomere/physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 79
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-11-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 24;314(5803):1235-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17124302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; *Cooking ; *Food ; France ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 80
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-06-17
    Beschreibung: The Xist noncoding RNA is the key initiator of the process of X chromosome inactivation in eutherian mammals, but its precise function and origin remain unknown. Although Xist is well conserved among eutherians, until now, no homolog has been identified in other mammals. We show here that Xist evolved, at least partly, from a protein-coding gene and that the loss of protein-coding function of the proto-Xist coincides with the four flanking protein genes becoming pseudogenes. This event occurred after the divergence between eutherians and marsupials, which suggests that mechanisms of dosage compensation have evolved independently in both lineages.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duret, Laurent -- Chureau, Corinne -- Samain, Sylvie -- Weissenbach, Jean -- Avner, Philip -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 16;312(5780):1653-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), CNRS and Universite Lyon 1, 16 rue Raphael Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France. duret@biomserv.univ-lyon1.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16778056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cattle/genetics ; Chickens/genetics ; Dogs/genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Exons ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mammals/*genetics ; Mice/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Opossums/genetics ; Phylogeny ; *Pseudogenes ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Untranslated/*genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Vertebrates/*genetics ; X Chromosome Inactivation ; Xenopus/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayes, Richard -- Weiss, Helen -- G0700837/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):620-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK. richard.hayes@lshtm.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Anti-HIV Agents/supply & distribution/therapeutic use ; Circumcision, Male ; *Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Female ; HIV Infections/*epidemiology/prevention & control/transmission ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk-Taking ; *Sexual Behavior ; Zimbabwe/epidemiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 82
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-08-12
    Beschreibung: Transient infection of eukaryotic cells with commensal and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli of phylogenetic group B2 blocks mitosis and induces megalocytosis. This trait is linked to a widely spread genomic island that encodes giant modular nonribosomal peptide and polyketide synthases. Contact with E. coli expressing this gene cluster causes DNA double-strand breaks and activation of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and eventually to cell death. Discovery of hybrid peptide-polyketide genotoxins in E. coli will change our view on pathogenesis and commensalism and open new biotechnological applications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nougayrede, Jean-Philippe -- Homburg, Stefan -- Taieb, Frederic -- Boury, Michele -- Brzuszkiewicz, Elzbieta -- Gottschalk, Gerhard -- Buchrieser, Carmen -- Hacker, Jorg -- Dobrindt, Ulrich -- Oswald, Eric -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 11;313(5788):848-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INRA, UMR1225, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31076, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16902142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/chemistry ; Cytotoxins/*metabolism ; DNA/analysis ; *DNA Damage ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics/*pathogenicity/*physiology ; G2 Phase ; *Genomic Islands ; HeLa Cells ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology/microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Mutagens/*metabolism ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Polyketide Synthases/genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-03-18
    Beschreibung: Weta are giant, flightless grasshoppers that are endemic to New Zealand. In the absence of native mammals, weta are thought to perform similar ecological functions. As such, they might be expected to be important seeds dispersers. However, insects are not known to consume fleshy fruits and to disperse seeds after gut passage. We conducted a series of observations and experiments to test whether weta form mutualistic partnerships with fleshy-fruited plants as seed dispersers, similar to small mammals elsewhere in the world. Results showed that weta are indeed effective seeds dispersers, providing an example of ecological convergence between unrelated organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duthie, Catherine -- Gibbs, George -- Burns, K C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Mar 17;311(5767):1575.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Post Office Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16543452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; *Fruit ; Germination ; Grasshoppers/*physiology ; Male ; Mammals ; New Zealand ; *Seeds/growth & development
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 84
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 30;312(5782):1867.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anthropology ; Bolivia ; Female ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; *Indians, South American/history ; Life Expectancy ; *Longevity ; Male ; Mortality ; Population Groups/history
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 85
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-09-09
    Beschreibung: We describe reproductive isolation caused by a gene transposition. In certain Drosophila melanogaster-D. simulans hybrids, hybrid male sterility is caused by the lack of a single-copy gene essential for male fertility, JYAlpha. This gene is located on the fourth chromosome of D. melanogaster but on the third chromosome of D. simulans. Genomic and molecular analyses show that JYAlpha transposed to the third chromosome during the evolutionary history of the D. simulans lineage. Because of this transposition, a fraction of hybrids completely lack JYAlpha and are sterile, representing reproductive isolation without sequence evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Masly, John P -- Jones, Corbin D -- Noor, Mohamed A F -- Locke, John -- Orr, H Allen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1448-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA. msly@mail.rochester.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16960009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/*genetics ; Drosophila/enzymology/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/enzymology/*genetics/physiology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Fertility/genetics ; Gene Dosage ; *Genes, Insect ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; Mutation ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Reproduction/genetics ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*genetics ; Sperm Motility
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-14
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clary, David C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):265-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK. david.clary@chem.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemical Phenomena ; Biochemistry ; Chemical Phenomena ; *Chemistry ; Electrons ; Molecular Biology ; Photochemistry ; Proteins/chemistry ; *Quantum Theory
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 87
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-04
    Beschreibung: Face perception is a skill crucial to primates. In both humans and macaque monkeys, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals a system of cortical regions that show increased blood flow when the subject views images of faces, compared with images of objects. However, the stimulus selectivity of single neurons within these fMRI-identified regions has not been studied. We used fMRI to identify and target the largest face-selective region in two macaques for single-unit recording. Almost all (97%) of the visually responsive neurons in this region were strongly face selective, indicating that a dedicated cortical area exists to support face processing in the macaque.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2678572/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2678572/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsao, Doris Y -- Freiwald, Winrich A -- Tootell, Roger B H -- Livingstone, Margaret S -- EY13025/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY13135/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P41:RR14075/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY016187/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY016187-01A2/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):670-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. doris@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Brain Mapping ; Electrophysiology ; *Face ; *Form Perception ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Synaptic Transmission ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 88
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Mildred K -- McGee, Glenn -- Magnus, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):614-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, Department of Pediatrics; Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. micho@stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456065" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Academies and Institutes/ethics/*standards ; Authorship ; Biomedical Research/*ethics/*standards ; Cell Line ; *Ethics, Research ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Oocyte Donation/adverse effects ; Research Personnel/*ethics/standards ; Research Support as Topic ; Scientific Misconduct ; Stem Cells ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 89
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-09-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1372.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16959980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cell Line ; Cloning, Organism/legislation & jurisprudence ; Embryo Research/ethics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Humans ; Massachusetts ; Research Embryo Creation/ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Stem Cells
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-18
    Beschreibung: Theory predicts that linkage between genetic loci reduces the efficiency of purifying selection. Because of the permanent linkage of all heritable genetic material, asexual lineages may be exceptionally prone to deleterious-mutation accumulation in both nuclear and organelle genes. Here, we show that the ratio of the rate of amino acid to silent substitution (Ka/Ks) in mitochondrial protein-coding genes is higher in obligately asexual lineages than in sexual lineages of the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex. Using a phylogeny-based approach to quantify the frequency of mutational-effect classes, we estimate that mitochondrial protein-coding genes in asexual lineages accumulate deleterious amino acid substitutions at four times the rate in sexual lineages. These results support the hypothesis that sexual reproduction plays a prominent role in reducing the mutational burden in populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paland, Susanne -- Lynch, Michael -- GM36827/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM036827/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 17;311(5763):990-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 East 3rd Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. spaland@indiana.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; Daphnia/*genetics/*physiology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Genes, Mitochondrial ; Likelihood Functions ; Male ; Mitochondrial Proteins/*genetics ; *Mutation ; *Parthenogenesis ; Phylogeny ; Recombination, Genetic ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sex
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 91
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fauci, Anthony S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 28;313(5786):409.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16873613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy/epidemiology/prevention & ; control/virology ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research/economics ; Delivery of Health Care ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Global Health ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/epidemiology/prevention & control/virology ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 30;312(5782):1894-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging ; *Birth Rate ; *Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Emigration and Immigration ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parental Leave ; Population Dynamics ; *Population Growth ; Pregnancy ; Public Policy ; *Reproductive Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 93
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-17
    Beschreibung: Population dynamics and evolutionary change are linked by the fundamental biological processes of birth and death. This means that population growth may correlate with the strength of selection, whereas evolutionary change can leave an ecological signature. We decompose population growth in an age-structured population into contributions from variation in a quantitative trait. We report that the distribution of body sizes within a population of Soay sheep can markedly influence population dynamics, accounting for up to one-fifth of observed population growth. Our results suggest that there is substantial opportunity for evolutionary dynamics to leave an ecological signature and visa versa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pelletier, Fanie -- Clutton-Brock, Tim -- Pemberton, Josephine -- Tuljapurkar, Shripad -- Coulson, Tim -- P01 AG 22500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG022500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG022500-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 16;315(5818):1571-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17363672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birth Weight ; Body Size/genetics ; Body Weight/genetics ; Ecology ; Environment ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; Hindlimb/anatomy & histology ; Male ; Mathematics ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; *Quantitative Trait, Heritable ; Scotland ; *Selection, Genetic ; *Sheep/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; Weather
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 94
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-06
    Beschreibung: We have designed a microfluidic device in which we can manipulate, lyse, label, separate, and quantify the protein contents of a single cell using single-molecule fluorescence counting. Generic labeling of proteins is achieved through fluorescent-antibody binding. The use of cylindrical optics enables high-efficiency (approximately 60%) counting of molecules in micrometer-sized channels. We used this microfluidic device to quantify beta2 adrenergic receptors expressed in insect cells (SF9). We also analyzed phycobiliprotein contents in individual cyanobacterial cells (Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942) and observed marked differences in the levels of specific complexes in cell populations that were grown under nitrogen-depleted conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Bo -- Wu, Hongkai -- Bhaya, Devaki -- Grossman, Arthur -- Granier, Sebastien -- Kobilka, Brian K -- Zare, Richard N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 5;315(5808):81-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17204646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Bacterial Proteins/*analysis ; Bacteriolysis ; Carbocyanines ; Cell Line ; Culture Media ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans ; Lasers ; *Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/instrumentation ; Microfluidics ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Optics and Photonics ; Phycobilisomes/metabolism ; Phycocyanin/*analysis ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/*analysis ; Synechococcus/*chemistry/growth & development/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 95
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-09-16
    Beschreibung: Liver regeneration is an orchestrated cellular response that coordinates cell activation, lipid metabolism, and cell division. We found that caveolin-1 gene-disrupted mice (cav1-/- mice) exhibited impaired liver regeneration and low survival after a partial hepatectomy. Hepatocytes showed dramatically reduced lipid droplet accumulation and did not advance through the cell division cycle. Treatment of cav1-/- mice with glucose (which is a predominant energy substrate when compared to lipids) drastically increased survival and reestablished progression of the cell cycle. Thus, caveolin-1 plays a crucial role in the mechanisms that coordinate lipid metabolism with the proliferative response occurring in the liver after cellular injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fernandez, Manuel A -- Albor, Cecilia -- Ingelmo-Torres, Mercedes -- Nixon, Susan J -- Ferguson, Charles -- Kurzchalia, Teymuras -- Tebar, Francesc -- Enrich, Carlos -- Parton, Robert G -- Pol, Albert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 15;313(5793):1628-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departament de Biologia Cellular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16973879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Caveolae/metabolism ; Caveolin 1/genetics/*physiology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Fatty Acids/blood/metabolism ; Glucose/administration & dosage ; Hepatectomy ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor/metabolism ; Hepatocytes/cytology/*metabolism ; *Lipid Metabolism ; Lipids/blood ; Liver/metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Liver Regeneration ; Male ; Mice ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Small Interfering ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Triglycerides/blood/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 96
    facet.materialart.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 28;313(5786):488-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16873657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research ; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; HIV Infections/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; *Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Male ; Peru/epidemiology ; Prevalence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 97
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-07
    Beschreibung: Humans restrain self-interest with moral and social values. They are the only species known to exhibit reciprocal fairness, which implies the punishment of other individuals' unfair behaviors, even if it hurts the punisher's economic self-interest. Reciprocal fairness has been demonstrated in the Ultimatum Game, where players often reject their bargaining partner's unfair offers. Despite progress in recent years, however, little is known about how the human brain limits the impact of selfish motives and implements fair behavior. Here we show that disruption of the right, but not the left, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation substantially reduces subjects' willingness to reject their partners' intentionally unfair offers, which suggests that subjects are less able to resist the economic temptation to accept these offers. Importantly, however, subjects still judge such offers as very unfair, which indicates that the right DLPFC plays a key role in the implementation of fairness-related behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knoch, Daria -- Pascual-Leone, Alvaro -- Meyer, Kaspar -- Treyer, Valerie -- Fehr, Ernst -- K24 RR018875/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 3;314(5800):829-32. Epub 2006 Oct 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland. dknoch@iew.unizh.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Decision Making ; Functional Laterality ; *Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Judgment ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 28;313(5786):483.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16873652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Belize/epidemiology ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Health Education ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency/*prevention & control ; Male ; Organizations ; Prevalence ; Prisons ; United Nations ; Violence/*prevention & control
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 99
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-07-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 28;313(5786):482.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16873651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Catholicism ; *Christianity ; Female ; HIV Infections/*prevention & control ; Homosexuality, Male ; Honduras/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Prisons ; Prostitution
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-09-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1381.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16959986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Crustacea/physiology ; Female ; Fundulidae/*genetics/*physiology ; *Genetic Variation ; Hermaphroditic Organisms ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; *Reproduction ; Sex Determination Processes ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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