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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (9,189)
  • Applied geophysics
  • Elasticity
  • 2010-2014  (22)
  • 1965-1969  (4,216)
  • 1950-1954  (1,632)
  • 1935-1939  (3,379)
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  • 1
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    Uplift and seismicity driven by groundwater depletion in central California (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-16
    Description: Groundwater use in California's San Joaquin Valley exceeds replenishment of the aquifer, leading to substantial diminution of this resource and rapid subsidence of the valley floor. The volume of groundwater lost over the past century and a half also represents a substantial reduction in mass and a large-scale unburdening of the lithosphere, with significant but unexplored potential impacts on crustal deformation and seismicity. Here we use vertical global positioning system measurements to show that a broad zone of rock uplift of up to 1-3 mm per year surrounds the southern San Joaquin Valley. The observed uplift matches well with predicted flexure from a simple elastic model of current rates of water-storage loss, most of which is caused by groundwater depletion. The height of the adjacent central Coast Ranges and the Sierra Nevada is strongly seasonal and peaks during the dry late summer and autumn, out of phase with uplift of the valley floor during wetter months. Our results suggest that long-term and late-summer flexural uplift of the Coast Ranges reduce the effective normal stress resolved on the San Andreas Fault. This process brings the fault closer to failure, thereby providing a viable mechanism for observed seasonality in microseismicity at Parkfield and potentially affecting long-term seismicity rates for fault systems adjacent to the valley. We also infer that the observed contemporary uplift of the southern Sierra Nevada previously attributed to tectonic or mantle-derived forces is partly a consequence of human-caused groundwater depletion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Amos, Colin B -- Audet, Pascal -- Hammond, William C -- Burgmann, Roland -- Johanson, Ingrid A -- Blewitt, Geoffrey -- England -- Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):483-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13275. Epub 2014 May 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geology Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225-9080, USA. ; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. ; Nevada Geodetic Laboratory, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology and Nevada Seismological Laboratory, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA. ; 1] Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-4760, USA [2] Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 97720-4767, USA. ; Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-4760, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24828048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altitude ; California ; Earthquakes/*statistics & numerical data ; Elasticity ; Environmental Monitoring ; Geographic Information Systems ; Groundwater/*analysis ; *Models, Theoretical ; Seasons ; Water Supply/analysis/*statistics & numerical data
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Soft microfluidic assemblies of sensors, circuits, and radios for the skin (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: When mounted on the skin, modern sensors, circuits, radios, and power supply systems have the potential to provide clinical-quality health monitoring capabilities for continuous use, beyond the confines of traditional hospital or laboratory facilities. The most well-developed component technologies are, however, broadly available only in hard, planar formats. As a result, existing options in system design are unable to effectively accommodate integration with the soft, textured, curvilinear, and time-dynamic surfaces of the skin. Here, we describe experimental and theoretical approaches for using ideas in soft microfluidics, structured adhesive surfaces, and controlled mechanical buckling to achieve ultralow modulus, highly stretchable systems that incorporate assemblies of high-modulus, rigid, state-of-the-art functional elements. The outcome is a thin, conformable device technology that can softly laminate onto the surface of the skin to enable advanced, multifunctional operation for physiological monitoring in a wireless mode.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xu, Sheng -- Zhang, Yihui -- Jia, Lin -- Mathewson, Kyle E -- Jang, Kyung-In -- Kim, Jeonghyun -- Fu, Haoran -- Huang, Xian -- Chava, Pranav -- Wang, Renhan -- Bhole, Sanat -- Wang, Lizhe -- Na, Yoon Joo -- Guan, Yue -- Flavin, Matthew -- Han, Zheshen -- Huang, Yonggang -- Rogers, John A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):70-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1250169.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700852" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Elasticity ; Electrocardiography/instrumentation/methods ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory/instrumentation/methods ; Electroencephalography/instrumentation/methods ; Electromyography/instrumentation/methods ; Electrooculography ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Male ; Microfluidics/*instrumentation ; Monitoring, Ambulatory/*instrumentation/methods ; Monitoring, Physiologic/*instrumentation/methods ; Remote Sensing Technology ; Silicone Elastomers ; *Skin ; Wireless Technology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Modelación de las propiedades mecánicas de películas de quitosana (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se elaboraron películas a partir de disoluciones a 3 % (m/v) de quitosana en ácido láctico a 1% (v/v), empleando glicerina, sorbitol o polietilenglicol como plastificante en concentraciones de 0,25 a 0,50 mL/g de quitosana. Se midieron el esfuerzo tensil, elongación, fuerza de ruptura, deformación y el espesor de las películas, con el objetivo de evaluar la influencia de la masa molar y concentración de plastificante sobre sus propiedades mecánicas. Se obtuvieron los modelos matemáticos que relacionan estos factores. Las películas con polietilenglicol, presentaron mayor esfuerzo tensil y fuerza de ruptura normalizada que las plastificadas con glicerina o sorbitol, pero resultaron menos elásticas y deformables, además, mientras mayor fue la concentración de plastificante, más elásticas resultaron las películas y menor fue el esfuerzo necesario para su rup- tura.
    Description: Films were obtained preparing 3% (w/v) chitosan solutions in 1% (v/v) lactic acid using glycerol, sorbitol or polyethylene glycol at 0.25 to 0.50 mL/g of polymer as plasticizers. Film thickness, tensile strength, force at break, deformation and elongation were measured in order to evaluate the effect of molar mass and plasticizers concentration on mechanical properties values. Mathematical models with these factors were proposed. Films with polyethylene glycol had higher tensile strength and normalized force at break than those which glycerol or sorbitol, but less elongation or normalized deformation. In addition, the films were more elastic and with lesser force at break with the increase of plasticizer concentration.
    Description: Published
    Description: plasticizer
    Description: edible film
    Keywords: Chitosan ; Biopolymers ; Elasticity ; Mechanical properties
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 4
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    Mechanics: The forces of cancer (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jonietz, Erika -- England -- Nature. 2012 Nov 22;491(7425):S56-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23320288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biophysics/methods ; Cell Communication ; *Cell Physiological Processes ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Elasticity ; Hardness ; Humans ; Medical Oncology ; *Models, Biological ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms/diagnosis/drug therapy/genetics/*pathology ; Rheology ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Viscosity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Highly stretchable and tough hydrogels (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-08
    Description: Hydrogels are used as scaffolds for tissue engineering, vehicles for drug delivery, actuators for optics and fluidics, and model extracellular matrices for biological studies. The scope of hydrogel applications, however, is often severely limited by their mechanical behaviour. Most hydrogels do not exhibit high stretchability; for example, an alginate hydrogel ruptures when stretched to about 1.2 times its original length. Some synthetic elastic hydrogels have achieved stretches in the range 10-20, but these values are markedly reduced in samples containing notches. Most hydrogels are brittle, with fracture energies of about 10 J m(-2) (ref. 8), as compared with approximately 1,000 J m(-2) for cartilage and approximately 10,000 J m(-2) for natural rubbers. Intense efforts are devoted to synthesizing hydrogels with improved mechanical properties; certain synthetic gels have reached fracture energies of 100-1,000 J m(-2) (refs 11, 14, 17). Here we report the synthesis of hydrogels from polymers forming ionically and covalently crosslinked networks. Although such gels contain approximately 90% water, they can be stretched beyond 20 times their initial length, and have fracture energies of approximately 9,000 J m(-2). Even for samples containing notches, a stretch of 17 is demonstrated. We attribute the gels' toughness to the synergy of two mechanisms: crack bridging by the network of covalent crosslinks, and hysteresis by unzipping the network of ionic crosslinks. Furthermore, the network of covalent crosslinks preserves the memory of the initial state, so that much of the large deformation is removed on unloading. The unzipped ionic crosslinks cause internal damage, which heals by re-zipping. These gels may serve as model systems to explore mechanisms of deformation and energy dissipation, and expand the scope of hydrogel applications.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3642868/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3642868/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Jeong-Yun -- Zhao, Xuanhe -- Illeperuma, Widusha R K -- Chaudhuri, Ovijit -- Oh, Kyu Hwan -- Mooney, David J -- Vlassak, Joost J -- Suo, Zhigang -- R01 DE013033/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R37 DE013033/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Sep 6;489(7414):133-6. doi: 10.1038/nature11409.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acrylic Resins/chemistry ; Alginates/chemistry ; Carbohydrate Sequence ; Elasticity ; Glucuronic Acid/chemistry ; Hexuronic Acids/chemistry ; Hydrogels/chemical synthesis/*chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymers/chemical synthesis/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Nonlinear material behaviour of spider silk yields robust webs (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: Natural materials are renowned for exquisite designs that optimize function, as illustrated by the elasticity of blood vessels, the toughness of bone and the protection offered by nacre. Particularly intriguing are spider silks, with studies having explored properties ranging from their protein sequence to the geometry of a web. This material system, highly adapted to meet a spider's many needs, has superior mechanical properties. In spite of much research into the molecular design underpinning the outstanding performance of silk fibres, and into the mechanical characteristics of web-like structures, it remains unknown how the mechanical characteristics of spider silk contribute to the integrity and performance of a spider web. Here we report web deformation experiments and simulations that identify the nonlinear response of silk threads to stress--involving softening at a yield point and substantial stiffening at large strain until failure--as being crucial to localize load-induced deformation and resulting in mechanically robust spider webs. Control simulations confirmed that a nonlinear stress response results in superior resistance to structural defects in the web compared to linear elastic or elastic-plastic (softening) material behaviour. We also show that under distributed loads, such as those exerted by wind, the stiff behaviour of silk under small deformation, before the yield point, is essential in maintaining the web's structural integrity. The superior performance of silk in webs is therefore not due merely to its exceptional ultimate strength and strain, but arises from the nonlinear response of silk threads to strain and their geometrical arrangement in a web.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cranford, Steven W -- Tarakanova, Anna -- Pugno, Nicola M -- Buehler, Markus J -- England -- Nature. 2012 Feb 1;482(7383):72-6. doi: 10.1038/nature10739.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22297972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Elasticity ; Hardness ; Models, Biological ; Silk/*chemistry ; *Spiders/physiology ; *Tensile Strength ; Wind
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    The fern sporangium: a unique catapult (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-17
    Description: Various plants and fungi have evolved ingenious devices to disperse their spores. One such mechanism is the cavitation-triggered catapult of fern sporangia. The spherical sporangia enclosing the spores are equipped with a row of 12 to 13 specialized cells, the annulus. When dehydrating, these cells induce a dramatic change of curvature in the sporangium, which is released abruptly after the cavitation of the annulus cells. The entire ejection process is reminiscent of human-made catapults with one notable exception: The sporangia lack the crossbar that arrests the catapult arm in its returning motion. We show that much of the sophistication and efficiency of the ejection mechanism lies in the two very different time scales associated with the annulus closure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noblin, X -- Rojas, N O -- Westbrook, J -- Llorens, C -- Argentina, M -- Dumais, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 16;335(6074):1322. doi: 10.1126/science.1215985.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Universite de Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Laboratoire de Physique de la Matiere Condensee, CNRS UMR 7336, Nice, France. xavier.noblin@unice.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22422975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Shape ; Elasticity ; Polypodium/cytology/*physiology ; Sporangia/cytology/*physiology ; Spores/*physiology ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Elastic domains regulate growth and organogenesis in the plant shoot apical meristem (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-03
    Description: Although genetic control of morphogenesis is well established, elaboration of complex shapes requires changes in the mechanical properties of cells. In plants, the first visible sign of leaf formation is a bulge on the flank of the shoot apical meristem. Bulging results from local relaxation of cell walls, which causes them to yield to internal hydrostatic pressure. By manipulation of tissue tension in combination with quantitative live imaging and finite-element modeling, we found that the slow-growing area at the shoot tip is substantially strain-stiffened compared with surrounding fast-growing tissue. We propose that strain stiffening limits growth, restricts organ bulging, and contributes to the meristem's functional zonation. Thus, mechanical signals are not just passive readouts of gene action but feed back on morphogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kierzkowski, Daniel -- Nakayama, Naomi -- Routier-Kierzkowska, Anne-Lise -- Weber, Alain -- Bayer, Emmanuelle -- Schorderet, Martine -- Reinhardt, Didier -- Kuhlemeier, Cris -- Smith, Richard S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 2;335(6072):1096-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1213100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22383847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Wall/physiology/ultrastructure ; Elasticity ; Hydrostatic Pressure ; Lycopersicon esculentum/cytology/*growth & development ; Meristem/cytology/*growth & development ; Models, Biological ; *Morphogenesis ; Osmolar Concentration ; Osmotic Pressure ; Plant Shoots/cytology/*growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Stochastic flood and precipitation regimes and the population dynamics of a threatened floodplain plant (2011)
    Ecological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Ecological Society of America, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of Ecological Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Ecological Applications 15 (2005): 1036–1052, doi:10.1890/04-0434.
    Description: Boltonia decurrens is an endangered plant restricted to the Illinois River Valley. Its complex life cycle has evolved in response to the dynamics of the historic flood regime, which has changed dramatically in the last century due to the construction of navigation dams and agricultural levees. To explore the effects of these changes, we developed deterministic and stochastic matrix population models of the demography of Boltonia. We used periodic matrix models to incorporate intra-annual seasonal variation. We estimated parameters as a function of the timing of spring flood recession (early or late) and of growing season precipitation (high or low). Late floods and/or low precipitation reduce population growth (λ). Early floods and high precipitation lead to explosive population growth. Elasticity analysis shows that changes in floods and precipitation alter the life history pathways responsible for population growth, from annual to biennial and eventually clonal pathways. We constructed and analyzed a stochastic model in which flood timing and precipitation vary independently, and we computed the stochastic growth rate (log λs) and the variance growth rate (σ2) as functions of the frequency of late floods and low precipitation. Using historical data on floods and rainfall over the last 100 years, we found that log λs has declined as a result of hydrological changes accompanying the regulation of the river. Stochastic elasticity analysis showed that over that time the contribution of annual life history pathways to log λs has declined as the contributions of biennial and clonal pathways have increased. Over the same time period, σ2 has increased, in agreement with observations of large fluctuations in local B. decurrens populations. Undoubtedly, many plant and animal species evolved in concert with dynamic habitats and are now threatened by anthropogenic changes in those dynamics. The data and analyses used in this study can be applied to management and development strategies to preserve other dynamic systems.
    Description: This work was supported by grants to M. Smith from NSF (DEB 9509763, DED 9321517), USACE, Illinois Groundwater Consortium and USFWS, and an EPA STAR grant (U- 91578101-2) to P. Mettler. H. Caswell also received support from NSF grant OCE-9983976 and EPA grant R-82908901, and a Maclaurin Fellowship from the New Zealand Institute of Mathematics and its Applications.
    Keywords: Boltonia decurrens ; Conservation ; Elasticity ; Floodplain ; Flood regime ; LTRE ; Matrix population model ; Periodic matrix model ; Stochastic elasticity ; Stochastic environment ; Stochastic matrix model ; Threatened species
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 10
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    Fire increases invasive spread of Molinia caerulea mainly through changes in demographic parameters (2011)
    Ecological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Ecological Society of America, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of Ecological Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Ecological Applications 15 (2005): 2097–2108, doi:10.1890/04-1762.
    Description: We investigated the effects of fire on population growth rate and invasive spread of the perennial tussock grass Molinia caerulea. During the last decades, this species has invaded heathland communities in Western Europe, replacing typical heathland species such as Calluna vulgaris and Erica tetralix. M. caerulea is considered a major threat to heathland conservation. In 1996, a large and unintended fire destroyed almost one-third of the Kalmthoutse Heide, a large heathland area in northern Belgium. To study the impact of this fire on the population dynamics and invasive spread of M. caerulea, permanent monitoring plots were established both in burned and unburned heathland. The fate of each M. caerulea individual in these plots was monitored over four years (1997–2000). Patterns of seed dispersal were inferred from a seed germination experiment using soil cores sampled one month after seed rain at different distances from seed-producing plants. Based on these measures, we calculated projected rates of spread for M. caerulea in burned and unburned heathland. Elasticity and sensitivity analyses were used to determine vital rates that contributed most to population growth rate, and invasion speed. Invasion speed was, on average, three times larger in burned compared to unburned plots. Dispersal distances on the other hand, were not significantly different between burned and unburned plots indicating that differences in invasive spread were mainly due to differences in demography. Elasticities for fecundity and growth of seedlings and juveniles were higher for burned than for unburned plots, whereas elasticities for survival were higher in unburned plots. Finally, a life table response experiment (LTRE) analysis revealed that the effect of fire was mainly contributed by increases in sexual reproduction (seed production and germination) and growth of seedlings and juveniles. Our results clearly showed increased invasive spread of M. caerulea after fire, and call for active management guidelines to prevent further encroachment of the species and to reduce the probability of large, accidental fires in the future. Mowing of resprouted plants before flowering is the obvious management tactic to halt massive invasive spread of the species after fire.
    Description: This work was supported by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO) to HJ, the U.S. National Science foundation (DEB-0235692, OCE-0083976), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R-8290891) to MGN.
    Keywords: Disturbance ; Elasticity ; Fire ; Integrodifference equations ; Invasive spread ; LTRE ; Matrix population model ; Molinia caerulea ; Sensitivity
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  • 11
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    Geometry and mechanics in the opening of chiral seed pods (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: We studied the mechanical process of seed pods opening in Bauhinia variegate and found a chirality-creating mechanism, which turns an initially flat pod valve into a helix. We studied con fi gurations of strips cut from pod valve tissue and from composite elastic materials that mimic its structure. The experiments reveal various helical con fi gurations with sharp morphological transitions between them. Using the mathematical framework of "incompatible elasticity," we modeled the pod as a thin strip with a flat intrinsic metric and a saddle-like intrinsic curvature. Our theoretical analysis quantitatively predicts all observed con fi gurations, thus linking the pod's microscopic structure and macroscopic conformation. We suggest that this type of incompatible strip is likely to play a role in the self-assembly of chiral macromolecules and could be used for the engineering of synthetic self-shaping devices.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armon, Shahaf -- Efrati, Efi -- Kupferman, Raz -- Sharon, Eran -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1726-30. doi: 10.1126/science.1203874.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bauhinia/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Biomimetic Materials ; Elasticity ; *Latex ; Mathematical Concepts ; Models, Biological ; Physical Phenomena ; Seeds/*anatomy & histology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Controlling inelastic light scattering quantum pathways in graphene (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-18
    Description: Inelastic light scattering spectroscopy has, since its first discovery, been an indispensable tool in physical science for probing elementary excitations, such as phonons, magnons and plasmons in both bulk and nanoscale materials. In the quantum mechanical picture of inelastic light scattering, incident photons first excite a set of intermediate electronic states, which then generate crystal elementary excitations and radiate energy-shifted photons. The intermediate electronic excitations therefore have a crucial role as quantum pathways in inelastic light scattering, and this is exemplified by resonant Raman scattering and Raman interference. The ability to control these excitation pathways can open up new opportunities to probe, manipulate and utilize inelastic light scattering. Here we achieve excitation pathway control in graphene with electrostatic doping. Our study reveals quantum interference between different Raman pathways in graphene: when some of the pathways are blocked, the one-phonon Raman intensity does not diminish, as commonly expected, but increases dramatically. This discovery sheds new light on the understanding of resonance Raman scattering in graphene. In addition, we demonstrate hot-electron luminescence in graphene as the Fermi energy approaches half the laser excitation energy. This hot luminescence, which is another form of inelastic light scattering, results from excited-state relaxation channels that become available only in heavily doped graphene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Chi-Fan -- Park, Cheol-Hwan -- Boudouris, Bryan W -- Horng, Jason -- Geng, Baisong -- Girit, Caglar -- Zettl, Alex -- Crommie, Michael F -- Segalman, Rachel A -- Louie, Steven G -- Wang, Feng -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 31;471(7340):617-20. doi: 10.1038/nature09866. Epub 2011 Mar 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21412234" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Elasticity ; Electrons ; Graphite/*chemistry ; *Light ; Luminescence ; Photons ; *Quantum Theory ; *Scattering, Radiation ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Static Electricity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Materials chemistry: Polymer networks take a bow (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huck, Wilhelm T S -- England -- Nature. 2011 Apr 28;472(7344):425-6. doi: 10.1038/472425a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21525922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biosensing Techniques ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Elasticity ; Elastomers/chemistry ; Molecular Conformation/radiation effects ; Pliability ; Polymers/*chemistry/*radiation effects ; Tissue Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    On the growth and form of the gut (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-05
    Description: The developing vertebrate gut tube forms a reproducible looped pattern as it grows into the body cavity. Here we use developmental experiments to eliminate alternative models and show that gut looping morphogenesis is driven by the homogeneous and isotropic forces that arise from the relative growth between the gut tube and the anchoring dorsal mesenteric sheet, tissues that grow at different rates. A simple physical mimic, using a differentially strained composite of a pliable rubber tube and a soft latex sheet is consistent with this mechanism and produces similar patterns. We devise a mathematical theory and a computational model for the number, size and shape of intestinal loops based solely on the measurable geometry, elasticity and relative growth of the tissues. The predictions of our theory are quantitatively consistent with observations of intestinal loops at different stages of development in the chick embryo. Our model also accounts for the qualitative and quantitative variation in the distinct gut looping patterns seen in a variety of species including quail, finch and mouse, illuminating how the simple macroscopic mechanics of differential growth drives the morphology of the developing gut.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3335276/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3335276/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savin, Thierry -- Kurpios, Natasza A -- Shyer, Amy E -- Florescu, Patricia -- Liang, Haiyi -- Mahadevan, L -- Tabin, Clifford J -- R01 HD047360/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD047360-07/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Aug 3;476(7358):57-62. doi: 10.1038/nature10277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21814276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Chick Embryo ; Computer Simulation ; Elasticity ; Female ; Finches/embryology ; Intestines/*anatomy & histology/*embryology ; Mesentery/anatomy & histology/embryology ; Mice ; *Models, Anatomic ; *Models, Biological ; Quail/embryology ; Rotation ; Rubber
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Biophysics: Push it, pull it (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hersen, Pascal -- Ladoux, Benoit -- England -- Nature. 2011 Feb 17;470(7334):340-1. doi: 10.1038/470340a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21331032" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cell Adhesion/physiology ; Cell Movement/*physiology ; Dictyostelium/*cytology ; Elasticity ; Single-Cell Analysis/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Materials science. Generating helices in nature (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Forterre, Yoel -- Dumais, Jacques -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1715-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1210734.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉IUSTI, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Universite, 13453 Marseille Cedex 13, France. yoel.forterre@polytech.univ-mrs.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bauhinia/*anatomy & histology ; Biomimetic Materials ; Elasticity ; Seeds/*anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 17
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    Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate (2010)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): B04106, doi:10.1029/2006JB004484.
    Description: The mechanical behavior of hydrate-bearing sediments subjected to large strains has relevance for the stability of the seafloor and submarine slopes, drilling and coring operations, and the analysis of certain small-strain properties of these sediments (for example, seismic velocities). This study reports on the results of comprehensive axial compression triaxial tests conducted at up to 1 MPa confining pressure on sand, crushed silt, precipitated silt, and clay specimens with closely controlled concentrations of synthetic hydrate. The results show that the stress-strain behavior of hydrate-bearing sediments is a complex function of particle size, confining pressure, and hydrate concentration. The mechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments at low hydrate concentration (probably 〈 40% of pore space) appear to be determined by stress-dependent soil stiffness and strength. At high hydrate concentrations (〉50% of pore space), the behavior becomes more independent of stress because the hydrates control both stiffness and strength and possibly the dilative tendency of sediments by effectively increasing interparticle coordination, cementing particles together, and filling the pore space. The cementation contribution to the shear strength of hydrate-bearing sediments decreases with increasing specific surface of soil minerals. The lower the effective confining stress, the greater the impact of hydrate formation on normalized strength.
    Description: This research was sponsored by a contract to C.R. and J.C.S. from the Joint Industry Project for Methane Hydrate, administered by ChevronTexaco with funding from award DE-FC26- 01NT41330 from DOE’s National Energy Technology Laboratory. The Goizueta Foundation at Georgia Tech also provided support for this work. The research was completed while C.R. was on assignment at and wholly supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF).
    Keywords: Gas hydrate ; Sediment strength ; Elasticity ; Mechanical behavior ; Stiffness
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 18
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    Designed biomaterials to mimic the mechanical properties of muscles (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-07
    Description: The passive elasticity of muscle is largely governed by the I-band part of the giant muscle protein titin, a complex molecular spring composed of a series of individually folded immunoglobulin-like domains as well as largely unstructured unique sequences. These mechanical elements have distinct mechanical properties, and when combined, they provide the desired passive elastic properties of muscle, which are a unique combination of strength, extensibility and resilience. Single-molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies demonstrated that the macroscopic behaviour of titin in intact myofibrils can be reconstituted by combining the mechanical properties of these mechanical elements measured at the single-molecule level. Here we report artificial elastomeric proteins that mimic the molecular architecture of titin through the combination of well-characterized protein domains GB1 and resilin. We show that these artificial elastomeric proteins can be photochemically crosslinked and cast into solid biomaterials. These biomaterials behave as rubber-like materials showing high resilience at low strain and as shock-absorber-like materials at high strain by effectively dissipating energy. These properties are comparable to the passive elastic properties of muscles within the physiological range of sarcomere length and so these materials represent a new muscle-mimetic biomaterial. The mechanical properties of these biomaterials can be fine-tuned by adjusting the composition of the elastomeric proteins, providing the opportunity to develop biomaterials that are mimetic of different types of muscles. We anticipate that these biomaterials will find applications in tissue engineering as scaffold and matrix for artificial muscles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lv, Shanshan -- Dudek, Daniel M -- Cao, Yi -- Balamurali, M M -- Gosline, John -- Li, Hongbin -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 6;465(7294):69-73. doi: 10.1038/nature09024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20445626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biocompatible Materials/chemical synthesis/*chemistry ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomimetics/methods ; Biopolymers/*chemistry ; Connectin ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Elasticity ; Muscle Proteins/*chemistry ; Polyproteins/chemistry ; Protein Kinases/*chemistry ; Stress, Mechanical
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Materials science: Muscle mimic (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chaikof, Elliot L -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 6;465(7294):44-5. doi: 10.1038/465044a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20445620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomimetic Materials/*chemistry ; Connectin ; Elasticity ; Muscle Proteins/chemistry ; Polymers/*chemistry ; Protein Kinases/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Developmental biology. Microenvironment mimicry (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhatia, Mickie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1024-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1194919.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada. mbhatia@mcmaster.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20798306" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques/*methods ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Hydrogels ; Mice ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/*cytology/physiology ; Myoblasts, Skeletal/cytology/physiology ; Regeneration ; Stem Cell Niche/*physiology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Nonlinear elasticity and an 8-nm working stroke of single myosin molecules in myofilaments (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-07
    Description: Using optical trapping and fluorescence imaging techniques, we measured the step size and stiffness of single skeletal myosins interacting with actin filaments and arranged on myosin-rod cofilaments that approximate myosin mechanics during muscle contraction. Stiffness is dramatically lower for negatively compared to positively strained myosins, consistent with buckling of myosin's subfragment 2 rod domain. Low stiffness minimizes drag of negatively strained myosins during contraction at loaded conditions. Myosin's elastic portion is stretched during active force generation, reducing apparent step size with increasing load, even though the working stroke is approximately constant at about 8 nanometers. Taking account of the nonlinear nature of myosin elasticity is essential to relate myosin's internal structural changes to physiological force generation and filament sliding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaya, Motoshi -- Higuchi, Hideo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 6;329(5992):686-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1191484.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20689017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/*physiology ; Actomyosin/chemistry/physiology ; Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Compliance ; Elasticity ; Models, Biological ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/chemistry/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Myosin Subfragments/physiology ; Myosins/chemistry/*physiology ; Quantum Dots ; Rabbits
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Materials and mechanics for stretchable electronics (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-27
    Description: Recent advances in mechanics and materials provide routes to integrated circuits that can offer the electrical properties of conventional, rigid wafer-based technologies but with the ability to be stretched, compressed, twisted, bent, and deformed into arbitrary shapes. Inorganic and organic electronic materials in microstructured and nanostructured forms, intimately integrated with elastomeric substrates, offer particularly attractive characteristics, with realistic pathways to sophisticated embodiments. Here, we review these strategies and describe applications of them in systems ranging from electronic eyeball cameras to deformable light-emitting displays. We conclude with some perspectives on routes to commercialization, new device opportunities, and remaining challenges for research.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, John A -- Someya, Takao -- Huang, Yonggang -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 26;327(5973):1603-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1182383.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. jrogers@illinois.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20339064" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biocompatible Materials ; Diagnostic Equipment ; Elasticity ; Elastomers ; *Electrical Equipment and Supplies ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Nanostructures ; *Semiconductors ; Therapeutics/instrumentation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limiting polytope geometry for rigid rods, disks, and spheres (1969)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 1 (1969), S. 179-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Rigid spheres ; Rigid disks ; Rigid rods ; Elasticity ; High pressure ; Polytopes ; Convexity ; Crystal anharmonicity ; Pair correlation functions ; Multidimensional geometry ; Crystalline order ; Crystal defects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The available configuration space for finite systems of rigid particles separates into equivalent disconnected regions if those systems are highly compressed. This paper presents a study of the geometric properties of the limiting high-compression regions (polytopes) for rods, disks, and spheres. The molecular distribution functions represent cross sections through the convex polytopes, and for that reason they are obliged to exhibit single-peak behavior by the Brünn-Minkowski inequality. We demonstrate that increasing system dimensionality implies tendency toward nearest-neighbor particle-pair localization away from contact. The relation between the generalized Euler theorem for the limiting polytopes and cooperative “jamming” of groups of particles is explored. A connection is obtained between the moments of inertia of the polytopes (regarded as solid homogeneous bodies) and crystal elastic properties. Finally, we provide a list of unsolved problems in this geometrical many-body theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007250
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Reaktionsweise des Cyclopropenon-Systems, 6. Reaktionen des 3-Äthoxy-1.2-diphenyl-cyclopropenylium-Kations mit C-Nucleophilen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 319-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Reaktivität des 3-Äthoxy-1.2-diphenyl-cyclopropenylium-Kations (1) gegenüber C-Anionen des Malodinitrils, Cyanessigesters, Benzylcyanids etc. wird systematisch untersucht. Das Nucleophil kann sowohl am C-3 als auch am C-1 von 1 angreifen; diese Konkurrenz ist von Solvens und Substituenteneffekten determiniert. Die entstehenden Produkte - Δ1-resp. Δ2-Cyclopropen-3-äthyläther 9 bzw. 10, Methylencyclopropen-Derivate (16) oder ringoffene 1 : 1-Addukte (20) - werden in ihrer Struktur aufgeklärt und ihr Bildungsmechanismus diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020137
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Notiz über die Darstellung von 2.2.8.8-Tetramethyl-5-tert.-butyl-nonandion-(3.7) und 2.4.6-Tri-tert.-butyl-pyryliumperchlorat (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 374-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020142
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020101
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyansäureester, XVII. Chemie des Dimethylsulfoxids, III. Säurekatalysierte Reaktion von aktivierten Cyanverbindungen mit Dimethylsulfoxid (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 23-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die protonenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Arylcyanaten mit Dimethylsulfoxid liefert im ersten Reaktionsschritt Carbamidsäureester, die bei längerer Reaktionsdauer oder erhöhter Temperatur durch intermediär gebildeten Formaldehyd zu N.N′-Methylen-bis-[carbamidsäurearylestern] (5) kondensieren. Der Mechanismus des Primärschritts wird als ein der Pummerer-Reaktion analoger Zerfall eines aktivierten Komplexes aus Arylcyanat, Dimethylsulfoxid und Proton erkannt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020105
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an der P=N-Doppelbindung, VIII. Nachweis der P=N—N=N—S-Struktur des 1:1-Adduktes von p-Toluolsulfonsäureazid an Triphenylphosphin durch 15N-Isotopenmarkierung (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 38-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phosphine können bei der Reaktion mit Aziden in α- oder γ-Position der Stickstoffkette angreifen. Für das in Substanz faßbare Staudinger-Addukt von Triphenylphosphin an Tosylazid belegen Infrarotspektren 15N-isotopenmarkierter Derivate eine unverzweigte R3P=Nγ—Nβ=Nα—X-Struktur. Bei der thermischen Zersetzung in Benzol zu N-Tosyl-P-triphenyl-phosphazen (4) wird nach massenspektroskopischen Untersuchungen ausschließlich γ.β-N2 abgespalten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020107
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Chemie der F—C—S-Verbindungen, 2. Perhalogenierte Sulfenylcarboxylate (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Umsetzungen von Cl3-nFnCSCl (n = 1,2,3) mit F3CCO2Ag liefern in guten Ausbeuten Verbindungen vom Typ , die bei 20° unbegrenzt haltbar sind. Erhitzt man (1) im Bombenrohr auf 170°, so bilden sich Kohlendioxid und F3CSCF3, während beim Bestrahlen mit UV-Licht Perfluoracetanhydrid, F3CSSCF3 und F3CSO2SCF3 entstehen. Bestrahlt man mit (2) UV-Licht, so bilden sich CO2 und Cl2FCSCF3. Aus Thionylchlorid und Cl3-nFnCCO2Ag (n = 2,3) konnten nur die entsprechenden Anhydride und SO2 isoliert werden. Analog liefert Silberperfluorbutyrat mit F3CSCl die Zersetzungsprodukte F3CSSCF3, F3CSO2SCF3 und (C3F7CO)2O.
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    Enoläther, V. Die Reaktion von Thionylchlorid mit Enoläthern (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 104-111 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bis-[β-chlor-β-alkoxy-äthyl]-sulfoxide 5 entstehen unter milden Bedingungen bei der Umsetzung von Thionylchlorid mit Vinyläthern im Molverhältnis 1:3. Bei der Reaktion C-substituierter Vinyläther mit Thionylchlorid sind nur 1 : 1-Additionsverbindungen isolierbar. - 5a bildet mit prim. und sek. Aminen Bis-[β-amino-vinyl]-sulfoxide 7, mit Triäthylamin das Eliminierungsprodukt 9 und durch intramolekulare Redox-Reaktion 10.
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    Zur Raumisomerie in der Pinanreihe, VIII. Die raumisomeren Pinandiole-(2.3) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 118-125 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Darstellung der zum trans-Pinansystem gehörenden Pinandiole-(2.3) (1 und 2) wird der konfigurative Zusammenhang der vier diastereomeren Pinandiole-(2.3) klar ersichtlich.
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    Beiträge zur Chemie des Bors, XLV. Synthese und Struktur von monomeren und dimeren Hexahydro-1.2.4.5.3.6-tetrazadiborin-Derivaten (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 167-179 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Derivate des Hexahydro-1.2.4.5.3.6-tetrazadiborins (1a) entstehen bei der Einwirkung von Organylhydrazinen auf Diaminoborane oder Phenylbordichlorid. Physikalische Untersuchungen legen eine aplanare Ringstruktur mit Bevorzugung der Wannenform nahe.Die Hydrazinolyse von HB[N(CH3)2]2 mit CH3HN—NHCH3 und CH3HN—NH2 ergibt Dimere dieses Ringsystems. Es sind Methylderivate der pentacyclischen Käfigverbindung 20. Das aus Hydrazin und Bis(dimethylamino)-boran zugängliche polymere (HB-NH-NH)n zersetzt sich oberhalb von 110° unter N2-Abspaltung zu (H2B-NH-NH-BH2)n.
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    Synthese des 3-Carbamoyl-pyridon-(6)-adenin-dinucleotids (6-Pyridon von NAD) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 196-204 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das Dinucleotid 9 wurde aus dem Nucleotid 8 und einem Guanidinium-Salz des Adenosin-5′-phosphorsäure-amids zusammengesetzt. 8 erhielt man aus dem Silbersalz des 3-Carbamoyl-pyridons-(6) (1) und 2.3.5-Tri-O-benzoyl-D-ribofuranosylchlorid über die O-Verbindung (2), die zum N-Ribosid (3) umgelagert und nach Entbenzoylierung und Acetonierung in 2′.3′-Stellung des Ribosids 4a mit Cyanäthylphosphat und Dicyclohexylcarbodiimid in 5′-Stellung zum Nucleotid 8 phosphoryliert wurde. Die β-Verknüpfung in 4a (und damit in 9) wurde u. a. durch Korrelation mit dem analogen Glucosid 4b so gut wie sichergestellt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020125
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    Untersuchung des H/D-Austauschs und der Protonenresonanz von 6-Dimethylamino-fulvenen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 243-254 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 6-Dimethylamino-fulven (1) wird von CH3OD im Sinne einer elektrophilen Substitution in 2- und 5-Stellung deuteriert; unter der Annahme einer Reaktion 1. Ordnung ergab sich in CH3OD/CDCl3 (3 : 1) bei 60° eine Halbwertszeit von 3.7 Stdn. H-3 und H-4 werden langsamer gegen Deuterium ausgetauscht, ebenso das Proton in der 4-Position von 6-Dimethylamino-2.3-benzo-fulven (15). Die π- und J-Werte von 1, 10, 15, 17 und 18 wurden ermittelt; die vicinalen Kopplungskonstanten der Fulvenprotonen erlauben Aussagen über die Beteiligung polarer Grenzstrukturen am Grundzustand.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020129
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    Halogenderivate des tetratertiären Phosphins Tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-methan und des tetratertiären Arsins Tetrakis-(diphenylarsinomethyl)-methan (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 289-296 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-methan, C[CH2P(C6H5)2]4, sowie Tetrakis(diphenylarsinomethyl)-methan, C[CH2As(C6H5)2]4, reagieren mit Halogenen zu Verbindungen des allgemeinen Typs C[CH2E(X)2(C6H5)2]4 (E = P, As; X = Cl, Br, J), in denen sämtliches Halogen im Festzustand und in Dichlormethan-Lösung kovalent gebunden ist. In stärker polaren Lösungsmitteln wie Dimethylformamid oder Acetonitril verhalten sich die Chlorderivate wie 1:2-, die Bromderivate wie 1 : 3- und die Jodverbindungen wie 1 : 4-Elektrolyte. Die aus sterischen Gründen mögliche Bildung von chlorverbrückten spirocyclischem, bromverbrückten bicyclischen und jodbrückenfreien Phosphonium- und Arsoniumkationen wird diskutiert.
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    Photochemische Reaktionen, VI. Photoumlagerungen von N-Phenyl-lactamen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 342-350 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Phenyl-pyrrolidon (1b) wird durch UV-Licht in N-Phenyl-pyrrol (9) übergeführt. N-Phenyllactame mit mindestens 7 Ringgliedern (1d-f) lassen sich photochemisch in guten Ausbeuten in die Benz-aza-cycloalkenone 4d-f umlagern. Die Struktur der Photolyseprodukte wird spektroskopisch, durch Derivate und durch Abbau zu Anthranilsäure gesichert.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020138
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    Notiz zur Dehydrierung von Δ2-Pyrazolinen mit N-Bromsuccinimid (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 378-379 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020144
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    Notiz zur Darstellung des Trimethylchlorarsonium- und stibonium-hexachloroantimonats(V) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 380-381 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020145
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    α-Pyridyl-glyoxal (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 383-387 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese von α-Pyridyl-glyoxal (2) (in Lösung) und einige Eigenschaften werden beschrieben.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020202
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    Fragmentierungsreaktionen an Carbonylverbindungen mit β-ständigen elektronegativen Substituenten, XIIXI. Mitteil.: F. Nerdel, D . Frank und G. Barth, Chem. Ber. 102, 395 (1969), voranstehend.. Solvolyse von 1-p-Toluolsulfonyloxy-2-methyl-4-tert.-butyl-2-formyl-cyclohexanen und 1-p-Toluolsulfonyloxy-2-methyl-2-formyl-cyclohexanen bzw. -cyclopentanen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 407-416 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Solvolyse der Titelverbindungen ergibt ausschließlich Fragmentierung zu den entsprechenden Cycloalkenen, wenn Tosylat- und Aldehyd-Gruppe eine anti-periplanare Konformation einnehmen können. Ist dies ausgeschlossen, treten neben der Fragmentierung Ausweichreaktionen unter Wagner-Meerwein-Umlagerung ein.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020205
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    Alkalisalze des o-Diäthinylbenzols (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 435-442 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus dem in flüssigem Ammoniak schwach sauren o-C6H4(C≡CH)2 (Ks1 ⋍ 7·10-6) werden durch die Neutralisationsreaktion (1) sowie die Verdrängungsreaktionen (2), (3) die Alkalisalze o-C6H4(C≡CM)2 (M=Li bis Cs) rein dargestellt und ihre IR-Spektren diskutiert. Durch konduktometrische Titration in flüssigem Ammoniak wird die intermediäre Bildung der Monoalkalisalze bei der Neutralisationsreaktion (1) nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020210
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    Monosaccharide mit stickstoffhaltigem Ring, XIX. Synthese bicyclischer Derivate der 4-Amino-4-desoxy-L-xylose vom Pyrrolidin-Typ (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 459-468 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Amino-2-desoxy-D-glucit reagiert mit Aceton zur Diisopropylidenverbindung 9, die mit Chlorameisensäure-äthylester das cyclische Carbamat 11 liefert. Durch partielle Hydrolyse ist die 5.6-O-Isopropylidengruppe abspaltbar zu 12, welches durch Perjodatspaltung in die Pentose 13 übergeführt werden kann. Bei saurer Hydrolyse von 13 erfolgt spontan Ringschluß zur 4-Amino-4-N.5-O-carbonyl-4-desoxy-L-xylofuranose (17), einem Zucker vom Pyrrolidin-Typ. 17 und seine Derivate 15 und 16 zeigen eine Abweichung von der Hudsonschen Isorotationsregel.
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    Substituierte Oxo-thiazolo[3.2-a]pyridine aus Cyanzimtsäurederivaten und Cysteamin (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 522-527 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von α-Cyanzimtsäurederivaten (1a, 1b, 1c) mit Cysteamin (2) bzw. dem Thiazolinylessigester 3 entsteht das Oxo-tetrahydro-thiazolo[3.2-a]pyridin 8, das leicht zum Oxo-dihydro-thiazolo[3.2-a]pyridin 7 dehydriert wird.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020219
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    Kleine anorganische Ringe, I. Ein cyclisches Alumosilazan-Kation und seine Gallium- und Indiumanalogen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 556-563 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Bis-trialkylphosphoranylidenamino-dialkyl-silanen (1 und 3) und doppelt-molaren Mengen Aluminium- oder Galliumtrialkylen werden ionisch aufgebaute Produkte (2, 4, 5, 8) gebildet, deren Kationen neuartige viergliedrige Ringsysteme enthalten. Diese kleinen Ringe vom Typ D sind Isostere der schon länger bekannten Verbindungsklassen A, B und C. Wie aus Konkurrenzexperimenten hervorgeht, werden Aluminiumatome den Galliumatomen als Ringglieder vorgezogen. Mit Indiumalkylen entstehen aus 1 nicht-ionische 2:1-Komplexe (9, 11), in denen jedes Stickstoffatom des zweizähligen Donators mit je einem Metallalkyl in Wechselwirkung tritt. Eigenschaften und NMR-Spektren der neuen Verbindungen werden angegeben und diskutiert.
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    Eine einfache Synthese von Benzazoliumsalzen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 568-574 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unter sehr milden Bedingungen gelingt die Darstellung von Benzimidazolium- und Benzthiazoliumsalzen aus Carbonsäuren und o-substituierten N-Methyl-anilinen. Mit Ferrocencarbonsäure wurde ein Vertreter der bisher unbekannten Metall-π-Komplexe der Heteroanaloga des Sesquifulvalens erhalten.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020224
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    Monosaccharide mit stickstoffhaltigem Ring, XX. Darstellung freier 4-Amino-4.5-didesoxy-L-xylofuranose und 4-Amino-4-desoxy-L-xylofuranose. Dimerisierung zu einem Bis-Pyrrolidin-Zucker (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 469-487 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Freie 4-Amino-4.5-didesoxy-L-xylose und 4-Amino-4-desoxy-L-xylose wurden durch alkalische Spaltung aus ihren Derivaten 7 und 6 dargestellt und in ihren Reaktionen untersucht. Beide Verbindungen weisen in Lösung ein Gleichgewicht zwischen Pyrrolidin-Formen 11, 12, Δ1-Pyrrolin-Formen 13, 14 und den Dimeren 9, 10 auf, in dem die Dimeren 9, 10 weit überwiegen. Die Struktur der erhaltenen Dimeren 9, 10 folgt aus den NMR-Spektren von 9 und seiner Derivate und aus der Spaltung des N-Acetats 20 in 12 und 15. Die Dimeren werden durch Hydrierung, mit Schwefeldioxid und mit Blausäure glatt in monomere Derivate zerlegt. Sie sind gegenüber Salzsäurebehandlung überraschend stabil und bilden keine Pyrrolderivate.
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    Wasserstoffderivate, Radikale und Anionen des fünfbindigen PhosphorsS. vorläufige Mitteil.: D. Hellwinkel, Angew. Chem. 78, 985 (1966); Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 5, 968 (1966). (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 528-547 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das spirocyclische Phosphoniumsalz 1 reagiert mit Lithiumalanat oder Natriumboranat zu Bis-2.2′-biphenylylen-phosphoran (2), das ungewöhnliche Spektraldaten aufweist. 2 kann seinen Wasserstoff als Proton, als Hydrid-Ion und überraschenderweise auch spontan als Atom abgeben! Das Bis-2.2′-biphenylylen-phosphoranyl-Radikal (3) liefert ein ESR-Dublett mit aP = 17.9 Gauß und dimerisiert u. a. zu einem Produkt 5 mit tri- und pentakoordiniertem Phosphor. Das durch Protonenabstraktion aus 2 erhältliche Phosphoranyl-Anion 4 steht im Gleichgewicht mit einem Phosphin-Carbanion 13, das auch unabhängig darstellbar ist.
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    Synthese von Poncirin, einem Isosakuranetin-7-β-neohesperidosid aus Poncirus trifoliata Raf (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 785-791 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das von Hattori und Mitarbb. erstmals aus den Blüten von Poncirus trifoliata isolierte und von Horowitz als Isosakuranetin-7-neohesperidosid aufgeklärte Poncirin 1a) wurde a) durch Kondensation von Phloracetophenon-4-neohesperidosid (2b) mit Anisaldehyd und Cyclisierung des primär erhaltenen Chalkonglykosides (3), b) durch Direktkupplung von Isosakuranetin (1) mit α-Acetobromneohesperidose nach Koenigs-Knorr und c) durch partielle Methylierung von Naringin (1c) synthetisiert. Die auf verschiedenen Wegen erhaltenen Glykoside stimmten untereinander und mit dem natürlichen Poncirin überein. Damit ist die Struktur 5.7-Dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-flavanon-7-β-[2-O-α-L-rhamnopyra nosyl-D-glucopyranosid] (1a) für das Poncirin bewiesen.
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    Die Konstitution von 2exo-Methyl-norbornanol-(5exo) und -(6exo) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 815-819 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Konstitution von 2exo-Methyl-norbornanol-(5exo) und -(6exo) (11 und 6) wird durch eine eindeutige Vergleichssynthese des 2exo-Methyl-norbornanols-(5exo) (11) bewiesen. 2exo-Methyl-norbornanol-(6exo) (6) wird in geringer Menge bei der Umlagerung von tertiärem 2endo-Methyl-norbornanol-(2exo) (9) mit Ameisensäure erhalten.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020314
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    Diels-Alder-Reaktion von α-Pyronen mit elektronenreichen Olefinen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2835-2850 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Im Sinne einer Diels-Alder-Reaktion mit inversem Elektronenbedarf geben Cumalinsäureester (1) mit Ketenacetalen 1:1-Addukte der Struktur 3. Ihre Thermolyse führt führt zu 4-Alkoxy-benzoesäureestern, die Solvolyse zu 4-Alkoxy-isophthalsäuren bzw. -estern. 1 nimmt 2 Mol Äthylvinyläther (als elektronenreiches Dienophil) unter CO2-Abspaltung auf. Mit 1.1-Bis-[p-dimethylamino-phenyl]-äthen (13) und 1 unterbleibt die Dien-Synthese; es erfolgt vermutlich Anlagerung an die 5.6-Doppelbindung des Pyronringes zu 15.Aus Ketendiäthylacetal und Isodehydracetsäure-äthylester bzw. seinem 3-Nitroderivat entstehen unmittelbar die Benzoesäure-äthylester 10a bzw. 10b. Auch Ketenaminale, Keten-O.N-acetal oder das Inamin 16 reagieren mit Cumalinsäureestern entsprechend zu 12a, 12b und 17.Als 1.3-Dipolarophil addiert das Addukt 3c Diazomethan bzw. Phenylazid zu tricyclischen Reaktionsprodukten der vermutlichen Struktur 18 bzw. 20, deren Pyrolyse untersucht wird.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020841
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    Zur Chemie des Indols, VI. α.β′-Diindolylmethane und -methene. Der Urorosein-Chromophor (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1347-1356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Urorosein entsteht durch Polykondensation von Indolyl-(3)-glykolsäure und anschließende Oxydation, wobei sich der α.β′-Diindolylmethen-Chromophor bildet. α.β′-Diindolylmethen (1-5) werden durch Reaktion von α-freien und β-freien Indolen mit Glyoxylsäure, α.β′-Diindolymethene (10-12) aus α-Formyl-indolen mit β-freien Indolen gewonnen. Oxo-β.β′- (13-16) und Oxo-α.β′-diindolylmethene (17-20) entstehen aus β-bzw. α-Formyl-indolen mit Oxindolen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020430
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    Isoindole, I (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1357-1362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von Vilsmeier-Reagenz auf Phthalimidine im Verhältnis 2 : 1 bilden sich Halogen-formyl-isoindole 3. Als Zwischenprodukte kann man Isoindolenine 2 bzw. deren Salze 1 isolieren. Bei Reaktion im Verhältnis 1 : 1 entsteht Verbindung 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020431
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    Natürliche Stilbene. Synthese von Polyhydroxystilbenäthern durch Wittig-Reaktion (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2881-2888 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bisher schwer zugängliche Äther verschiedener natürlich vorkommender Polyhydroxystilbene werden mit 60-95% Ausbeute durch Wittig-Reaktion erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020902
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    Alkoxy-diazenium-Salze, III. Acyldiazene durch Reaktion mit Carboxylaten (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2889-2899 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Alkoxy-diazenium-Salze 1 bzw. 2 reagieren nach Gl. (1) mit Carboxylaten zu Aryl- oder Alkyl-acyl-diazenen 4. Die Reaktion besitzt große Variationsbreite und erlaubt die Vereinfachung der Peptidsynthese über phenyldiazen-aktivierte Carboxylgruppen. Aus 1 und Cyanat-Ionen entstehen 3-Hydroxy-1.2.4-triazole (24a-c). Die Existenz des als Zwischenstufe postulierten 1.3-Dipols 9 wird durch Abfangen mit Acetylen-dicarbonester zu Pyrazolen 27a, b wahrscheinlich gemacht.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020903
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    Induktiver und mesomerer Effekt phosphorhaltiger Substituenten, bestimmt durch 19F-NMR-Messungen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 2922-2929 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 14 weiter neue p-fluor-phenylsubstituierte Organophosphorverbindungen wurden dargestellt und aus ihren 19F-NMR-Spektren die Hammettschen σp-Werte bestimmt. Von dem nun insgesamt vorliegenden Material wurden die Parameter und σRm berechnet und diskutiert, um damit die phosphorhaltigen Substituenten hinsichtlich ihres induktiven und mesomeren Verhaltens quantitativ festlegen zu können.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020906
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    Reaktivität des Phenyl-chinoxalinyl-(2)-glyoxals (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1418-1421 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (2) sowie ihre Umsetzung mit o-Phenylendiamin und Amidrazonen zu den Heterocyclen 4-6 wird beschrieben. Unter den Bedingungen der Benzilsäureumlagerung und beim Versuch der alkalisch katalysierten Kondensation mit Dibenzylketon entstehen unerwartete Produkte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020437
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    Isonitrile, III. Umsetzungen von 2.3-Bis-alkylimino-oxetanen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1410-1417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2.3-Bis-alkylimino-oxetane (3) reagieren mit Verbindungen HX zu den offenkettigen Amiden 6, während sie in Gegenwart von Lewis-Säuren zu den ungesättigten Amiden 5 isomerisiert werden können. Die Abhängigkeit beider Möglichkeiten von der Struktur des Oxetans und den Reaktionsbedingungen wird herausgestellt. Von Aldehyden abgeleitete Oxetane (3, R1=H) reagieren mit Carbonsäuren unter Acylwanderung zu den Enolamiden 21. Weitere Reaktionen von Carbonylverbindungen mit Isonitrilen werden in einer Übersicht zusammengefaßt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020436
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    Reaktionen mit Cyclobutendionen, IV. Über die Umsetzung von 2-Brom-1-phenyl-cyclobuten-(1)-dion-(3.4) mit o-Phenylendiaminen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1422-1430 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Brom-1-phenyl-cyclobutendion reagiert mit o-Phenylendiaminen zu 1-Phenyl-2.8-dihydrocyclobuta[b]chinoxalinonen-(2) 1. Der Strukturbeweis wird mittels spektroskopischer Methoden und durch alkalischen Abbau geführt. Bei Verwendung unsymmetrischer o-Diamine wird die differenzierte Basizität der Aminogruppen als ausschlaggebend für die Stellung der Substituenten erkannt. Das Auftreten von Nebenprodukten 2 beim Einsetzen von symmetrischen o-Diaminen gibt Aufschluß über den Reaktionsmechanismus.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020438
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    Reaktionen mit Cyclobutendionen, V. Über die Umsetzung von 2-Brom-1-phenyl-cyclobuten-(1)-dion-(3.4) mit primären, sekundären und tertiären aromatischen Monoaminen und p-Diaminen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1431-1438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung bildet mit primären und sekundären aromatischen Monoaminen und p-Diaminen die vinylogen Amide und Bis-amide 1-5. Dimethylanilin wird in p-Stellung elektrophil substituiert (6). Phenylcyclobutendion liefert mit Dimethylanilin unter 1.4-Addition das Arylierungsprodukt 7.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020439
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    Die Methylierung 1.5-ungleich substituierter Formazane (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3082-3087 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Methylierung des 1-Phenyl-5-p-tolyl-formazans (1) führt zu zwei isomeren N-Methylderivaten (2 und 3). 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-5-[4-nitro-phenyl]-formazan (4) bzw. 1.3-Diphenyl-5-diphenylcarbamoyl-formazan (7) ergeben unter gleichen Bedingungen nur ein N-Methylderivat (5 bzw. 8).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020926
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    Reaktionen des Natrium-trimethylsilanolats mit N-Trimethylsilyl-carbonsäureamiden und Imidchloriden (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3094-3101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Natrium-trimethylsilanolat reagiert bereits bei Raumtemperatur mit N-Trimethylsilyl-carbonsäureamiden zu Natrium-carbonsäureamiden und Hexamethyldisiloxan. Mit Imidchloriden bildet es unter ähnlich milden Bedingungen  -  über die nicht faßbare Stufe der Natriumcarbonsäureamide  -  Hexamethyldisiloxan und acylierte Amidine. Diese sind auch aus Natrium- oder N-Trimethylsilyl-carbonsäureamiden und Imidchloriden zugänglich.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020928
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    Acyl-lacton-Umlagerung, XLVI. Zum Mechanismus der Acyl-Umlagerung am 4-Acetoxy-cumarin (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3122-3126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Acyl-Umlagerung von 4-Acetoxy-cumarin (2) zu 4-Hydroxy-3-acetyl-cumarin (3) wird in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur mit und ohne Lösungsmittel untersucht. Durch Abfang-und Kreuzversuche sowie durch Verwendung von deuterierten Verbindungen wird gezeigt, daß in allen untersuchten Fällen einem intramolekularen Mechanismus der Vorzug zu geben ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020931
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    Cytotoxische Verbindungen, V. Bis-[2-chlor-äthyl]-[2-acyl-vinyl]-amine (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3139-3147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Bis-[2-chlor-äthyl]-amin (HN-Lost) und Derivaten aromatischer β-Hydroxy-vinylketone resultieren Bis-[2-chlor-äthyl]-[2-acyl-vinyl]-amine 6. Das Reaktionsverhalten dieser vinylogen Stickstofflost-Amide wird untersucht und der Einfluß von Substituenten auf ihre Stabilität im schwach sauren Medium diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020934
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    Sterische Wechselwirkungen im Innern cyclischer Verbindungen, IV. 2.2″-Äthano-m-terphenyl (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1449-1452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Darstellung und Eigenschaften von 2.2″-Äthano-m-terphenyl (1) werden beschrieben. Aus dem temperaturabhängigen 1H-NMR-Spektrum kann auf zwei nebeneinander ablaufende innermolekulare Bewegungsvorgänge (A ⇌ B und A ⇌ C) geschlossen werden. Der Prozeß A ⇌ B besteht in einem Durchtreten des inneren aromatischen Wasserstoffatoms durch das Neunring-Innere; dabei muß wegen der sterischen Behinderung durch die gegenüberliegende H2C—CH2-Bindung eine Energiebarriere überwunden werden. Der Vorgang A ⇌ C läßt sich als eine Ringinversion auffassen, in deren Verlauf die quasiaxialen H-Atome der CH2-Gruppen in eine quasiäquatoriale Stellung übergeführt werden und umgekehrt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020503
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    Actinomycine, XXXIV. Synthesen von Actinomycinen und actinomycinähnlichen Chromopeptiden, VII. Pseudo-actinocinyl-bis-L-threonin (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3205-3216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxydation von O-Acetyl-N-[3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoyl]-L-threonin-methylester (20h) mit Kaliumhexacyanoferrat(III) liefert zu 90% ein chromatographisch trennbares Gemisch aus 2.5 Teilen Pseudo-actinocinyl-bis-[O-acetyl-L-threonin-methylester] (21b) und 1 Teil N.N′-[2-Hydroxy-4.9-dimethyl-phenoxazon-(3)-dicarbonyl-(1.6)]-bis-[O-acetyl-L-threonin-methylester] (22b). Da nach diesem Kondensationsverlauf bei der Synthese von Pseudoactinomycinen (z. B. 13a) analoge Trennungen wie die von 21b.22b erforderlich werden und diese am Schluß der Synthese am einfachsten sind, ist für die Darstellung von Pseudo-actinomycinen die oxydative Kondensation von N-[3-Amino-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoyl]-pentapeptid-lactonen wie 11a das Verfahren der Wahl.
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    Notiz zur anomalen Reduktion von Oximen mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3235-3237 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020945
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    Notiz zur Synthese von 2-Methyl- und 2-Äthylcyclopentandion-(1.3) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3238-3240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020946
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    Konstitution und Chemilumineszenz, III. 3-[2-Dialkylamino-vinyl]-phthalhydrazide (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3241-3247 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-[2-Dialkylamino-vinyl]-phthalhydrazide 1 werden, ausgehend von 3-Methyl-phthalsäuredimethylester, über 3-[2-Oxo-äthyl]-phthalhydrazid synthetisiert. Sie sind Vinyloge der sterische Resonanzhinderung aufweisenden 3-Dialkylamino-phthalhydrazide und übertreffen letztere hinsichtlich der Chemilumineszenz bei der alkalischen Oxydation, erreichen jedoch das Luminol (3-Amino-phthalhydrazid) bei weitem nicht, vermutlich wegen ihrer leichten Hydrolysierbarkeit.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021002
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    Phenyldiazomethan als Cyclisierungsmittel, IV. Synthese von 1-Hydroxy-chinazolinen und 2H-[1.2.4]Oxadiazolo-[2.3-a]chinazolinen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1480-1484 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: o-Hydroxyamino-benzoesäure-äthylester (1) bildet mit Methylisocyanat in Abwesenheit eines Katalysators das N-Carbamoylderivat 2; dieses cyclisiert mit Hilfe von Phenyldiazomethan zum 2.1-Benzisoxazolonderivat 3b. In Gegenwart von Triäthylamin als Katalysator reagiert 1 mit Methylisocyanat unter Bildung des Dicarbamoylderivats 4; in Gegenwart von Phenyldiazomethan dagegen liefert es über 4 hinaus je nach den Mengenverhältnissen Derivate des 1-Hydroxy-chinazolins (5b) oder des 2H-[1.2.4]Oxadiazolo[2.3-a]chinazolins (7), eines neuen heterocyclischen Systems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020506
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    Perchlorbutanal und Perchlorbuttersäure (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3127-3134 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Chlorierung des Perchlorvinylacetaldehyds (3) bei -45° führt zu n-Perchlorbutanal (9). Das von Böeseken und Mitarb. beschriebene „9“ muß eine andere Konstitution besitzen. Perchlorbuttersäure (7) ist durch Chlorierung von Perchlorvinylessigsäure oder durch Umsetzung ihres aus dem Methylester 2 und Chlor erhältlichen Chlorids 4 mit DMSO in Methylenchlorid gut zugänglich. 7 ist thermisch noch ziemlich stabil, aber überaus leicht hydrolysierbar. 9 zersetzt sich schon bei Raumtemperatur allmählich und wird durch Basen ebenso wie 7 zu Hexachlorpropen abgebaut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020932
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    Über Synthesen und Reaktionen von 1-Aza-bicyclo[1.1.0]butanen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3148-3158 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Aza-bicyclo[1.1.0]butane 3 werden aus 1.3-Dibrom-2-amino-propanen 2 durch zweifachen intramolekularen Ringschluß dargestellt. Die Reaktion mit Säurechloriden, Säureanhydriden, Thiophenol, sek. Aminen, Chlorwasserstoff und Acetylendicarbonsäureester führt unter Spaltung der 1.3-Bindung zu Azetidinen 9. 1-Aza-bicyclo[1.1.0]butane 3 lassen sich katalytisch unter Aufnahme von 2 Moläquivv. Wasserstoff zu primären Aminen 15 hydrieren.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020935
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    Das massenspektrometrische Verhalten nicht enolisierbarer Thioketone im Vergleich zu dem der entsprechenden Ketone und Diazoverbindungen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3192-3204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Massenspektren der nicht enolisierbaren Thioketone 1b-6b, bei denen die Thiocarbonylgruppe nicht Bestandteil eines Ringes ist, unterscheiden sich von denen der ihnen entsprechen den Ketone durch einen neuen Fragmentierungstyp. Dieser ist durch einstufige, radikalische Abspaltung der Sulfhydrylgruppe gemäß Schema (5) gekennzeichnet, die zur Bildung eines Fluorenyl-Kations führt. Der Vergleich der Massenspektren von Thiobenzophenon (1b) und 9-Mercapto-fluoren (16) weist darauf hin, daß vor der (M—SH)-Fragmentierung des Thioketons die Fluorenstruktur durch Umlagerung und Cyclisierung vorgebildet sein muß Die Massenspektren der Thioketone 7b-14b, bei denen die Thiocarbonylgruppe Bestandteil eines Ringes ist, zeigen keine Sulfhydrylabspaltung. Einige dieser Thioketone weisen gegenüber den entsprechenden Ketonen eine intensivere (M—1)-Fragmentierung auf.Die untersuchten Diazoverbindungen zeigen primär (M—N2)-Fragmentierung und sekundär Wasserstoffabspaltung. Diese Sekundärfragmente der Diazomethane 1c-6c haben die Struktur eines Fluorenyl-Kations.Fragmentierungsmechanismen und Vergleiche mit thermo- und photochemischen Reaktionen dieser Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020938
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    Stabile Addukte von Kupfer(I)-acetylacetonat (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3224-3228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung des labilen Ammoniakats von Kupfer(I)-acetylacetonat CuC5H7O2·2.5 NH3 mit Phenylisocyanid, Triphenylphosphin bzw. 1.2-Bis-diphenylphosphino-äthan konnten die stabilen Komplexe CuC5H7O2·2 CNC6H5, CuC5H7O2·2 P(C6H5)3, CuC5H7O2·(C6H5)2P [CH2]2—P(C6H5)2 als praktisch farblose, diamagnetische Substanzen erhalten werden. Die IR-Spektren dieser monomeren Nichtelektrolyte werden diskutiert.  -  Die Reaktion des CuC5H7O2·2.5 NH3 mit 1.10-Phenanthrolin (phen) hingegen führt zu dem rotvioletten, kristallinen, diamagnetischen [Cu phen2]C5H7O2. Die salzartige Struktur dieses Acetylacetonats ergibt sich aus Leitfähigkeitsmessungen sowie aus den Absorptionsspektren im IR- und sichtbaren Bereich.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020941
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    Über Phosphinidene, 5. Notiz zum Nachweis von Phenyl- und Methylphosphiniden beim thermischen Zerfall von Cyclophosphinen durch Pyrolyse-Massenspektrometrie (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3230-3232 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020943
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    Massenspektrometrie einiger Modellsubstanzen des Lignins, I (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1513-1522 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Zerfallsmechanismus einiger monomerer Lignin-Bauelemente (1-13) mit verschiedener Struktur der Seitenkette wird beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020512
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    Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Quecksilber-bis-schwefeldifluoridimid, N-Chlor-schwefeldifluoridimid und N-Brom-schwefeldifluoridimid (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1523-1528 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus N-Fluorformyl-schwefeldifluoridimid (1) und Quecksilber-bis-schwefeldifluoridimid (4) dargestellt. Durch thermische Zersetzung von 4 läßt sich Thiazylfluorid in präparativem Maßstab sehr rein gewinnen. Mit Chlor und Brom reagiert 4 bei Raumtemperatur zu N-Chlor- bzw. N-Brom-schwefeldifluoridimid, mit Jod entsteht vermutlich N-Jod-schwefeldifluoridimid.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020513
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  • 77
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    Notiz über die Darstellung der o-Phenylen-bis-propiolsäure und ihres Dikaliumsalzes (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3229-3229 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020942
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    Reaktionen an Indolderivaten, XI. Die stereoselektive Totalsynthese von DL-Ajmalicin, DL-19-epi-Ajmalicin, DL-Formosanin und Isoformosanin (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3558-3572 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ausgehend vom ungesättigten Keton 1 gelingt die stereoselektive Totalsynthese mehrerer heterocyclischer Indol- und Oxindol-Alkaloide. Speziell der stereoselektive Aufbau der C-19-Konfiguration sowie der Einfluß dieses Zentrums auf die Folgereaktionen werden diskutiert. Die Massenspektren der verschiedenen stereoisomeren Zwischenprodukte werden gegenübergestellt.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021034
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    Notiz über dimeres Biacenaphthylenyl-(1.1′) („Di-perinaphthylenbutadien“) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3599-3602 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021039
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    Notiz über die Identität von Atsinosid mit dem Isosakuranetin-7-rutinosid Didymin (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3605-3605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021041
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  • 81
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    Polyacetylenverbindungen, 169. Synthese des Frutescins unter biogeneseähnlichen Bedingungen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3298-3303 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Hauptinhaltsstoff von Chrysanthemum frutescens L. wird nach dem Vorbild der biogenetischen Bildung synthetisch dargestellt. Struktur und Konfiguration der Zwischenprodukte sowie der Mechanismus der für die Aromatisierung entscheidenden Chlorierung werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021009
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    Eine neue Bildungsweise von Bicyclo[4.2.0]octatrien-(2.4.7)Auszug aus der Dissertat. R. Askani, Techn. Hochschule, Karlsruhe 1965. (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3304-3309 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die aus Cyclooctatetraen und Azodicarbonsäure-diäthylester über mehrere Stufen zugängliche Hydrazoverbindung 3 liefert bei der Dehydrierung an Stelle der Azoverbindung 4 Bicyclo[4.2.0]octatrien-(2.4.7) (5). Die leicht erfolgende Stickstoffeliminierung aus 4 wird mit einem elektrocyclischen Mechanismus im Sinne einer Retro-Diels-Alder-Reaktion erklärt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021010
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    Darstellung und Reaktionen neuer Schwefeldifluoridimide (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3333-3341 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von Schwefeltetrafluorid SF4 mit (CF3)2C=N—NH2 (3) entsteht das neue Schwefeldifluoridimid (CF3)2C=N—N=SF2 (4). Das kürzlich beschriebene (CF3)2C(N=SF2)NH2 (2) setzt sich bei längerem Stehenlassen über CsF bei 20° unter Abspaltung von NSF zu (CF3)2C(F)NH2 (5) um. (CF3)2C(F)N=SF2 (6) bildet sich in guten Ausbeuten bei den Reaktionen von SF4 mit 5 bei 90° bzw. mit (CF3)2C=NH (7) bei 20°. Bei 70° reagiert SF4 mit 2 zum Teil ebenfalls zu 6, daneben konnten weitere Schwefeldifluoridimide (CF3)2C(N=SF2)2 (8) und (CF3)2(F2S=N)C—N=S=N—C(N=SF2)(CF3)2 (9) isoliert werden. Mit PCl5 ergibt 2 (CF3)2C(Cl)N=SCl2 (10).
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021014
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    Über die Darstellung und Reaktionen des Trimethylsilydifluorophosphats (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3342-3346 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei den Reaktionen von Hexamethyldisiloxan (1) mit Phosphoroxyhalogeniden POF2X, (X = F, Cl) bzw. Thiophosphoryltrifluorid PSF3 entsteht Trimethylsilydifluorophosphat (2), ferner auch bei der Umsetzung von Trimethylchlorsilan mit Difluorophosphorsäure (3). Die Silicium-Sauerstoff-Bindung des Trimethylsilyldifluorophosphats wird von nucleophilen Agentien bei Raumtemperatur gespalten. Dabei entstehen in guter Ausbeute die Trimethylsilylverbindungen (CH3)3SiR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021015
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    Reaktionen an Flavan-Derivaten, VII. Zur Aufklärung einer säurekatalysierten Fragmentierungsreaktion mit Hilfe von 14C-Markierung (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1592-1596 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetramethyl-(±)-[2-14C]epicatechin (1) wird dargestellt und mit konz. Mineralsäuren bei Raumtemperatur zum 6.7-Dimethoxy-2-[3.4-dimethoxy-phenyl]-naphthalin (3) umgesetzt, das gegenüber 1 die doppelte spezif. Aktivität aufweist. Damit ist die von uns1) postulierte Fragmentierungsreaktion von 1 zum Homoveratrumaldehyd (2) und anschließende Kondensation zu 3 bewiesen. Daß vor der Reaktion keine Umlagerung stattfindet, wird durch Abbau von 3 zu radioaktiver Veratrumsäure (5) gezeigt. Für die Heterolyse von 1 ist die OCH3-Gruppe am C-5 ausschlaggebend; denn aus 7.3′.4′-Trimethoxy-flavanol-(3) (6) entsteht nicht das erwartete Naphthalin-Derivat 3, sondern 6-Methoxy-2-[3.4-dimethoxy-benzyl]-cumaron (9), dessen Konstitution durch Synthese bewiesen wird.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020520
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    Darstellung und Konfigurationszuordnung symmetrischer Indanon-(2)-Derivate (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1597-1605 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die cis-trans-isomeren 1.3-Diphenyl- und 1.3-Dimethyl-1.3-diphenyl-indanone-(2) 1a, 2a und 1b, 2b werden dargestellt und mit Lithiumalanat zu den Alkoholen 3a, 4a, 5a sowie 3c und 5c reduziert. Die NMR-Spektren der Alkohole bzw. ihrer Acetate gestatten die eindeutige Konfigurationszuordnung bei den Ketonen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020521
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    Fragmentierungsreaktionen an Carbonylverbindungen mit β-ständigen elektronegativen Substituenten, XIVXIII. Mitteil.: F. Nerdel, P. Weyerstahl und K. Lucas, Tetrahedron Letters [London] 1968, 5751.. Zur Bildung eines 2-Alkoxy-azetidins (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1606-1609 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von 2-Methyl-2-tosyloxymethyl-propanal-(1)-anil (2) mit Kaliummethylat in Dioxan wird das sehr empfindliche 2-Methoxy-3.3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-azetidin (3) erhalten. In methanolischer Lösung reagiert 3 sofort weiter zu dem Anilino-acetal 5.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020522
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    Organische at-Komplexe, I. Zur Bildung und Spaltung von at-Komplexen aus Tritylkalium, Acenaphthylenen und Triphenylboran (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3508-3524 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Anlagerung von Trityl-kalium bzw. -natrium und Triphenylboran an Acenaphthylen Derivate führt zu Kalium- bzw. Natrium-triphenyl-[(trans-1-trityl)-acenaphthenyl-(2)]-boraten des Typs 3c, deren Struktur 1H-NMR-spekroskopisch gesichert wurde. Die saure Spaltung derartiger Produkte führt im Sinne einer 1.5-SE2′-Reaktion zu den chinoiden 1.5-Dihydroacenaphthylenen 4 und 11. Im Gegensatz dazu ergibt die Hydrolyse analoger Triäthylborat- und Triphenylaluminat-Komplexe 1-Trityl-acenaphthen-Derivate. Die Bildungs- und Hydrolysemechanismen der verschiedenen at-Komplexe werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021030
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    Massenspektrometrie einiger Modellsubstanzen des Lignins, II (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3623-3631 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Zerfallsmechanismus der monomeren und dimeren Lignin-Bauelemente 1-9 wird beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021103
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    Zur Reaktoin von Azido-Metallverbindungen: Tetrazolato-Metallkomplexe (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3637-3646 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Cycloaddition von Nitrilen RCN (R = CF3, CH3, COCH3, CH2CO2CH3, —[CH2]n —CN (n = 1,2,4), C6H5, COC6H5, o-C6H4CN, m-C5H4N, —CH=CH2) an die komplexgebundene Azidgruppe in [(C6H5)3P]2Pd(N3)2 erfolgt bereits unter sehr milden Bedingungen und führt zur Bildung der thermisch recht stabilen trans-Bis(tetrazolato)-bis(triphenylphosphin)-palladium(II)-Komplexe [(C6H5)3P]2Pd(N4CR)2. Mit HX (X = Cl, N3) in Alkohol lassen sich hieraus die neutralen 5-substituierten Tetrazole abspalten. {CH2[P(C6H5)2]2}2-Ru(N4CCF3)2 und [(C6H5)3P]2Cu(N4CCF3) entstehen bei der Reaktion der entsprechen den Azidokomplexe mit CF3CN, die wie die Verbindungen Pd(N4CCF3)2, Pt(N4CCF3)2, [(C6H53P]2Pt(N4CCF3) 2, und [(C6H5)3P]2Pt(N4CCF3)2 auch aus den entsprechenden Chlorokomplexen bzw. Metallsalzen und Na[CF3CN4] zugänglich sind. Die IR-Spektren im Bereich von 4000-700/cm werden mitgeteilt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021105
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    Reaktionen mit Halogenwasserstoffaddukten der Nitrile, II. Synthese von 1.3-Dichlor-isochinolinen und Untersuchungen zur Struktur von 3-Chlor-isochinolonen-(1) (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3666-3678 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsetzungen von 2-Oximino-indanonen-(1) (1) mit überschüssigem Phosphorpentachlorid in Gegenwart von Chlorwasserstoff erhält man 1.3-Dichlor-isochinoline (2). Als Zwischenprodukte sind 2-Cyanmethyl-benzoylchloride und 3-Chlor-isochinolone-(1) (5) zu formulieren. 3-Chlor-isochinolone-(1) liegen in Festsubstanz und gelöst in Dimethyl-sulfoxid in der Lactamform vor, in wäßriger Lösung steht diese mit der Lactimform im Gleichgewicht.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021108
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    Sterisch behinderte Ketone: Darstellung und spektroskopische Konformations-Untersuchungen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1631-1640 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die [2.4.6-Tri-tert.-butyl-phenyl]-ketone 1a-g wurden aus 2.4.6-Tri-tert.-butyl-benzoyl-chlorid und entsprechenden Grignard-Verbindungen oder aus 2.4.6-Tri-tert.-butyl-phenyl-lithium und entsprechenden Säurechloriden dargestellt. Die Konformationen dieser Verbindungen werden an Hand spektroskopischer Untersuchungen diskutiert. Für 1d, 1f und 1g wurden aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der 1H-NMR-Spektren ΔG≠-Werte der Rotation um die Bindung zwischen Carbonyl-C-Atom und dem α-C-Atom des Restes R ermittelt. Der Beitrag sterischer und elektronischer Effekte zur Rotationsbehinderung wird diskutiert.  -  Über Darstellung, Konformationsverhältnisse und innere Beweglichkeit des 2.4.6.2′.4′.6′-Hexa-tert.-butyl-benzils wird berichtet. Einige Versuche zur Klärung der Rotationsbehinderung bei Dimesityl-ketonen wurden im Zusammenhang mit widersprüchlichen Literaturangaben durchgeführt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020526
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    Über 1.2.4-Triketone und 1.2.4.5-Tetraketone (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1643-1648 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Claisen-Kondensation von acetalisierten α-Keto-carbonsäureestern mit Methylketonen wurden die Monoacetale (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) von 1.2.4-Triketonen erhalten, aus denen die 1.2.4-Triketone (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) selbst zugänglich sind. Durch Kondensation des acetalisierten Brenztraubensäureesters mit dem Monoacetal des Diacetyls wurde das Diacetal 15 des Heptantetraons-(2.3.5.6) gewonnen, aus dem durch Verseifung das Heptantetraon-(2.3.5.6) (16) als erster Vertreter der bisher noch unbekannten 1.2.4.5-Tetraketone entstand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020528
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  • 94
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    Arylschwefel-Radikale, II. Darstellung und Dehydrierung von 2.4.6-Tri-adamantyl-(1)-thiophenol (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1649-1655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Schwefelung von 2.4.6-Tri-adamantyl-(1)-phenyllithium in Tetrahydrofuran entsteht das äußerst schwerlösliche Bis-[2.4.6-tri-adamantyl-(1)-phenyl]-disulfid (6), das durch Benzophenon-Natrium zum 2.4.6-Tri-adamantyl-(1)-thiophenol (5) gespalten werden kann. Bei der Dehydrierung von 5 beobachtet man ein ESR-Signal vom selben Typ wie bei der Dehydrierung 2.6-di-tert.-butylierter Thiophenole. Lichteinwirkung, besonders im kurzwelligen UV-Bereich, ruft bei festem 5 intensive Rotfärbung hervor, verbunden mit zeitlich veränderlichen ESR-Spektren, die auf einen Radikal-Transfer hindeuten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020529
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  • 95
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    Additionen an die Dreifachbindung, XI. Struktur und Reaktionen des 2:1-Adduktes aus Acetylendicarbonester und Isonitrilen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1656-1664 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das unpolare 2:1-Addukt von Acetylendicarbonester und Isonitrilen wird als ein Abfangprodukt des Primär-Dipols 1 mit der Carbonyldoppelbindung eines zweiten Estermoleküls erkannt (4). Im Zuge der chemischen Umwandlungen dieses Furanderivats läßt sich ein stabiles Ketenimin (13) isolieren und charakterisieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020530
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  • 96
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    Natürlich vorkommende Cumarin-Derivate, IV. Über neue Furocumarine aus Ligusticum pyrenaicum Koch (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1673-1678 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Wurzeln von Ligusticum pyrenaicum Koch enthalten 5 Furocumarine (1, 2, 3, 6 und 7), von denen bisher nur das Oroselol (7) bekannt war. In allen Fällen handelt es sich um eng miteinander verwandte Ester und Diester, die sich von Dihydrooroselol ableiten.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020532
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  • 97
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    Magnetische Nichtäquivalenz von Methylenprotonen bei Phosphoniumsalzen (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1665-1672 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Methylenprotonen der Benzylgruppe einiger Phosphonium- und Arsoniumsalze zeigen magnetische Nichtäquivalenz, die abhängig ist von der Größe der übrigen Substituenten. Nach dem Gang der Temperaturabhängigkeit ist anzunehmen, daß die Liganden des Phosphors und Arsens frei rotieren.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020531
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  • 98
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    Polyacetylenverbindungen, 162. Über die Polyine aus Diplopappus fruticosus (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1679-1681 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Diplopappus fruticosus, werden mehrere bereits bekannte (1-3) und als Naturstoffe neue (4-7) Derivate des Matricarianols isoliert. Bemerkenswert ist, daß die Doppelbindungen cis-konfiguriert sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020533
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  • 99
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    Polyacetylenverbindungen, 163. Über die Acetylenverbindungen des Tribus Astereae (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 1682-1690 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In zahlreichen Vertretern des Tribus Astereae herrschen C10-Verbindungen vor. Einige Arten enthalten jedoch auch C17-Verbindungen. Die Strukturen bisher nicht isolierter Acetylenverbindungen (3, 6, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19) werden geklärt und die biogenetischen Zusammenhänge diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691020534
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  • 100
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    Notiz zur Struktur eines „2.4.6-Tri-tert.-butyl-phenylhydrazins“ (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 102 (1969), S. 3947-3949 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19691021138
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