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  • Chemistry  (37,592)
  • Animals  (7,118)
  • AERODYNAMICS
  • Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
  • Kartoffeln
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • Pflanzenkrankheit
  • 2010-2014  (7,141)
  • 1970-1974  (29,624)
  • 1925-1929
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Repair of UVB-Damaged Skin by the antioxidant sulphated flavone glycoside Thalassiolin B Isolated from the marine plant Thalassia testudinum Banks ex König (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Daily topical application of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the marine sea grass, Thalassia testudinum, on mice skin exposed to UVB radiation resulted in a dose dependent recovery of the skin macroscopic alterations over a 6-day period. Maximal effect (90%) occurred at a dose of 240 μg/cm2, with no additional effects at higher doses. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the plant extract resulted in the isolation of thalassiolin B (1). Topical application of 1 (240 μg/cm2) markedly reduces skin UVB-induced damage. In addition, thalassiolin B scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical with an EC50=100 μg/ml. These results suggest that thalassiolin B is responsible for the skin regenerating effects of the crude extract of T. testudinum
    Description: Published
    Description: Flavonoids, Thalassiolin B, DPPH scavenged, antioxidant activity, Skin regenerating activity, Thalassia testudinum
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Pharmacology ; Chemistry ; Pharmacology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 2
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    Bromopyrrole alkaloids from the Caribbean sponge Agelas cerebrum (2011)
    Sociedade Brasileira de Química
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Bioguided fractionation of Agelas cerebrum crude extract resulted in isolation of four bromopyrrole and four bromopyrrole aminoimidazole alkaloids, identified as 5-bromopyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (1), 4-bromopyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (2), 3,4-bromopyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (3), 4,5-bromopyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (4), oroidin (5), bromoageliferin (6), dibromoageliferin (7) and dibromosceptrin (8) on the basis of spectroscopic data analyses (UV, IR, HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with literature data. This is the first report of compounds 2 and 3 in a marine sponge belonging to the Agelas genus and the first evidence of the presence of 1 from a natural source.
    Description: Published
    Description: Agelas cerebrum, bromopyrrole alkaloids, antitumoral, antiprotozoal activity
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Alkaloids ; Sponges ; Alkaloids ; Sponges ; Chemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 3
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    Der Abbau von p-Hydroxybenzoesäure, Protocatechusäure und Gallussäure im Boden (2010)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La velocidad de descomposición de tres fenólicos, el p-hidroxibenzoico, el protocatecúico y el gálico, los cuales se diferencian en el número de grupos OH, fue investigada en el suelo. Con el aumento de grupos OH aumenta también la velocidad de descomposición microbial. El ácido gálico se descompone más rápido que el protocatecúico y este a su vez más rápido que el phidroxibenzoico.
    Description: The rate of decomposition of the three phenolics, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid and gallic acid, whose difference is the amount of OH-groups, was investigated in the soil. With the increase in OH-groups increases the rate of microbial decomposition. Gallic acid decomposes faster than protocatecuic acid and this again faster than p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chemical decomposition ; OH Groups ; Microbes ; Phenols ; Chemistry ; Phenols ; Chemistry
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.141-143
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  • 4
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    Influence of protozoan grazing on the marine geochemistry of particle reactive trace metals (2012)
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution May 1998
    Description: Planktonic protozoan grazers have the potential to significantly affect the chemistry of particle-associated trace metals. This is due both to the importance of protists as consumers of bacterial-sized particles, and to the unique low-pH, enzyme-rich microenvironment of the grazer food vacuole. This thesis examines the role of protozoan grazers in the marine geochemistry of strongly hydrolyzed, particle-reactive trace metals, in particular Th and Fe. A series of tracer experiments was carried out in model systems in order to determine the effect of grazer-mediated transformations on the chemical speciation and partitioning of radioisotopes C9Fe, 234Th, 51Cr) associated with prey cells. Results indicate that protozoan grazers are equally able to mobilize intracellular and extracellular trace metals. In some cases, protozoan regeneration of trace metals appears to lead to the formation of metal-organic complexes. Protozoan grazing may generate colloidal material that can scavenge trace metals and, via aggregation, lead to an increase in the metal/organic carbon ratio of aggregated particles. Model system experiments were also conducted in order to determine the effect of grazers on mineral phases, specifically colloidal iron oxide (ferrihydrite). Several independent techniques were employed, including size fractionation ors9Fe-labeled colloids, competitive ligand exchange, and iron-limited diatoms as "probes" for bioavailable Fe. Experimental evidence strongly suggests that protozoan grazing can affect the surface chemistry and increase the dissolution rate of iron oxide phases through phagotrophic ingestion. In further work on protozoan-mediated dissolution of colloidal Fe oxides, a novel tracer technique was developed based on the synthesis of colloidal ferrihydrite impregnated with 133Ba as an inert tracer. This technique was shown to be a sensitive, quantitative indicator for the extent of ferrihydrite dissolution/alteration by a variety of mechanisms, including photochemical reduction and ligand-mediated dissolution. In field experiments using this technique, grazing by naturally occuring protistan assemblages was shown to significantly enhance the dissolution rate of colloidal ferrihydrite over that in non-grazing controls. Laboratory and field results indicate that, when integrated temporally over the entire euphotic zone, protozoan grazing may equal or exceed photoreduction as a pathway for the dissolution of iron oxides.
    Description: This work was financially supported by a Department of Defense ONR-NDSEG Graduate Fellowship, Office ofNaval Research AASERT Award (N00014-94-1-0711), and the National Science Foundation EGB Program (OCE-9523910).
    Keywords: Protozoa ; Water chemistry ; Trace elements in water ; Marine zooplankton ; Chemistry
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Thesis
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Theory and computation of amplitudes of terrestrial line spectra (1971)
    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Beijing, Pergamon, vol. 25, no. 17, pp. 307-406, pp. 2135
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971
    Keywords: Elasticity ; (The Earth's free) oscillations ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Seismology ; GJRaS
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    The fine structure of the Earth's interior (1973)
    In:  Sci. Am., Taipei, Elsevier, vol. 232, no. 3, pp. 24-33, pp. 2091, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Review article ; SciAm
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    Kinematics and Dynamics of Seismic Waves in Selected Heterogeneously Stratified Models of the Continental Earth's Crust (1970)
    Zaklad Geofizyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk
    In:  Materialy I Prace, Warszawa, Zaklad Geofizyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 148-149, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970
    Keywords: Waves ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology ; Modelling
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 8
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    The traveltimes of S and SKS (1970)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Basel, Birkhäuser Verlag, vol. 60, no. 6-7, pp. 461-489, pp. B05S07, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Travel time ; earth Core ; earth mantle ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 9
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    The velocities in the outer core (1971)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Basel, Birkhäuser Verlag, vol. 61, no. 6-7, pp. 1051-1059, pp. B05S07, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Travel time ; earth Core ; earth mantle ; Velocity depth profile ; BSSA
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  • 10
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    Residual deformation of real Earth models with application to the Chandler wobble (1973)
    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Amsterdam, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. 32, no. 44, pp. 219-247, pp. L12S09, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973
    Keywords: Dislocation ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Chandler wobble ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; GJRaS
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  • 11
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    Displacements and strains in real earth models (1974)
    In:  Phys. Earth Plan. Int., Amsterdam, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. 8, no. 44, pp. 23-45, pp. L12S09, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974
    Keywords: Elasticity ; Dislocation ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; PEPI
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  • 12
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    Average structure of the crust and upper mantle in East Africa (1973)
    In:  Tectonophysics, Dordrecht, Netherlands, Dr. W. Junk, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 283-293, pp. L08304, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973
    Keywords: Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Lithosphere ; Kenia
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  • 13
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    Untersuchungen zur Frage bis zu welcher Tiefe die Erde kristallin ist (1926)
    In:  Zeitschrift für Geophysik, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 24-29, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology
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  • 14
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    Der Aufbau der Atmosphäre (1926)
    In:  Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 427-430, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Meteorology
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  • 15
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    Die Veränderung der Erdkruste durch Fließbewegungen der Kontinentalscholle (1927)
    In:  Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 239-247, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1927
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Tectonics ; Inelastic ; Plate tectonics
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  • 16
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    Der Aufbau der Erdkruste (1927)
    In:  Zeitschrift für Geophysik, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 371-377, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1927
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; CRUST
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  • 17
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    Die Veränderung der Erdkruste durch Fließbewegungen II (1927)
    In:  Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 281-291, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1927
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Tectonics ; Inelastic ; Plate tectonics
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  • 18
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    Der Aufbau der Erdkruste in Europa (1928)
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 433-439, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: CRUST ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 19
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    SKS and seismic velocities in the outer core (1970)
    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Jena, Scientific American, vol. 21, no. 1-2, pp. 441-445, pp. RG4001, 29 pp., (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970
    Keywords: earth Core ; Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Velocity depth profile ; GJRaS
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  • 20
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    Der Aufbau der Erde (1925)
    Bornträger
    In:  Berlin, 8 + 168 S., Bornträger, vol. 3, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 0-12-305355-2)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 21
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    Der physikalische Aufbau des Erdkörpers (1926)
    Bornträger
    In:  Professional Paper, Lehrbuch der Geophysik, Berlin, 6 + 1017 pp., Bornträger, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 434-499, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 22
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    Mechanik und Thermodynamik des Erdkörpers: Bewegungen der Erdachse und Polwanderungen (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Professional Paper, Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde, Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 709-719, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Earth rotation ; Fluids ; Geothermics
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  • 23
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    Mechanik und Thermodynamik des Erdkörpers: Die Dichte der Erde und der Druck im Erdinnern (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Professional Paper, Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde, Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 803-808, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Geothermics ; Fluids
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  • 24
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    A long-range seismic profile in France from the Bretagne to the Provence (1972)
    In:  Ann. Geophys., London, Dt. Geophys. Ges. e. V., vol. 28, no. 20, pp. 247-256, pp. B05401, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972
    Keywords: Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Review article
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  • 25
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    Neue Auswertung der Aufzeichnungen der Erdbebenwellen infolge der Explosion von Oppau (1925)
    In:  Physikalische Zeitschrift, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 258-260, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology
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  • 26
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    Die Geschwindigkeiten der Erdbebenwellen und die elastischen Konstanten in den obersten Erdschichten (1925)
    In:  Die Naturwissenschaften, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 360-362, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology ; Velocity analysis
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  • 27
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    Das Innere der Erde (1926)
    In:  Natur und Museum, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 33-41, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 28
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    Die Schichtung der Erde (1926)
    In:  Die Umschau, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 265-268, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Velocity depth profile
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  • 29
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    Die Veränderung der Erdkruste durch Fließbewegungen der Kontinentalscholle (1927)
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 148-149, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1927
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Tectonics ; Inelastic ; Plate tectonics
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  • 30
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    Die Geschwindigkeit der Longitudinalwellen im Erdinnern (1927)
    In:  Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik, Jena, Gustav Fischer, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 356-365, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1927
    Keywords: Travel time ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology ; Body waves ; Velocity depth profile
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  • 31
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    Veränderungen der Erdkruste (1929)
    In:  Natur und Museum, Milano, Gustav Fischer, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 477-487, pp. L24306, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
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    Publication Date: 1929
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
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  • 32
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    Mechanik und Thermodynamik des Erdkörpers: Die Entwicklung der Erde (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Professional Paper, Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde, Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 662-681, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Fluids ; Geothermics
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  • 33
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    Nachrichtenblatt für den Pflanzenschutzdienst der DDR (1971)
    In:  Zeitschrift
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971
    Description: Detailierte Berichte über das Auftreten von Schaderregern in der Landwirtschaft für jedes Jahr; Zusammenhänge zu Witterungsbedingungen werden zu Beginn der entsprechenden Hefte, sowie teilw. bei Besprechung der jeweiligen Schaderreger hergestellt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: DDR ; 1971-1973 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 34
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    Die Abhängigkeit der Ernteerträge von den Witterungsfaktoren im Gebiet zwischen Saale, Mulde und Elbe (1928)
    In:  Vereinigten Friedrichs-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle.
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    Publication Date: 1928
    Description: Ertragsrelevante Korrelationen bei Winterweizen und -gerste mit der Temperatur, bei allen übrigen Kulturen war Niederschlag entscheidend KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Saalkreis, Kreis Bitterfeld, Kreis Delitzsch, Kreis Wittenberg, südl. Teil Kreis Köthen ; 1900-26 ; Kartoffeln ; Boden ; Ertrag ; Getreide ; Hafer ; Niederschlag ; Rangordnungsmethode ; Roggen ; Temperatur ; Weizen ; Witterung ; Hackfrüchte
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  • 35
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    Welche Krankheitserscheinungen beobachtete der Landwirt in letzter Zeit auf seinen Feldern? (1926)
    In:  Landw. Wochenschr. Prov. Sachsen u. Anhalt 28; p.556-557
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Der Autor nennt die in diesem Jahre auffällig gewordenen Pflanzenkrankheiten bzw. -schädlinge (z.B. Weißährigkeit, Gelbrost, Streifenkrankheit) an verschiedenen Kulturpflanzen (hauptsächlich im Ackerbau) und bringt diese mit klimatischen und nicht-klimatischen Faktoren in Zusammenhang. Vor allem wird die ausserordentliche Feuchte des ersten Halbjahres als Ursache genannt. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt ; 1926 ; Pflanzenkrankheit
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  • 36
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    Die Weißährigkeit des Weizens und ihre Ursachen (Ophiobolus herpotrichus u.a.) (1927)
    In:  Landwirtschaftliche Wochenschrift der Provinz Sachsen und Anhalt 29; p.668-670
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    Publication Date: 1927
    Description: Der Autor führt aufgrund von Beobachtungen das Auftreten der Weißährigkeit auf Fußkrankheiten und Fusariumpilze, sowie landwirtschaftliche Praktiken zurück. In einem kleinen Abschnitt wird auch auf den Einfluß von Witterung und Bodenverhältnissen eingegangen. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt ; 1926-1927 ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Weizen
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  • 37
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    Über den Einfluß äußerer Faktoren auf die Entwicklung der Mehltaupilze (1926)
    In:  Sonderabdr. Mitt. Naturf. Ges. Bern 81; 2p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Der Autor beschreibt den Fortschritt eigener Laborversuche zum Einfluß der Luftfeuchtigkeit auf die Perithecienbildung des Mehltaupilzes Erysiphe cichoraceum D.C. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit begünstigt die Keimung der Konidien und den Befall; Trockenes Wetter begünstigt die weitere Entwicklung des Mehltaus KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Labor ; 1926 ; Pflanzenkrankheit
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  • 38
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    Massenhafter Befall von Winterroggen durch Puccinia coronifera Kleb. im Herbst 1924. (1925)
    In:  Angew. Bot. 7, p. 262-266
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Beobachtungen zum Befall von Winterroggen durch Puccinia coronifera Kleb. und Überlegungen für mögliche Gründe KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Aufgrund der starken Trockenheit verliert der Roggen seine Immunität gegenüber Puccinia coronifera KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Nied (Herbst) -, dann Befall von Puccinia coronifera +
    Keywords: Kamennaja Step, Russland ; 1924 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Roggen ; Trockenheit
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  • 39
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    Der Rostbefall des Weizens im Jahre 1925 (1925)
    In:  Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Presse, Jahrgang 52, Nr. 38, p. 450
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Allgemeine Beobachtungen zum Rostbefall von Weizen im Jahr 1925 trotz langer Trockenperioden KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss des Niederschlags auf die Infektion; auch kurze starke Niederschläge zwischen langen Trockenperioden sind ausreichend um einen großflächigen Befall zu bewirken. KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Nied +, dann Infektion +;
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1925 ; Anbautermine ; Niederschlag ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Trockenheit ; Weizen
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  • 40
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    Modelling climate impacts on crop yields in Belgium (2010)
    In:  Climate Research, Volume 44, Issue: 1, p.55-68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010
    Description: Entwicklung eines neuen regionalen Ernte-Models (REGCROP) zur Abschätzung von Auswirkungen des Klimas auf die regionale Ackerfruchtproduktion. Es wurden Durchläufe für 3 verschiedene Klimaszenarien und 3 typische belgische Böden (Ton, Lehm, lehmiger Sand) durchgeführt. Die Klimaauswirkungen wurden mit historischen Wetterauswirkungen verglichen. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss des Klimas (Temperatur, Niederschlag, Luftfeuchte) auf den Ertrag von Kulturpflanzen KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T +, dann Entwicklung der Kulturpflanze + und Vegetationszeit -; Delta T + (Hitzestress) und Delta Nied - (Trockenheit), dann Ertrag (Zuckerrüben) - um 12-27% und Ertrag (Kartoffeln) - um 23-44%; Delta Nied + (Vernässung), dann Ertrag (Wintergetreide) - um 5-12%; Delta T + und günstige Dampfdruckdefizite, dann Ertrag + um 6-7%;
    Keywords: Belgien ; 1960-2008 ; Zuckerrüben ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Getreide ; Klima ; Temperatur ; Trockenheit ; Modell
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  • 41
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    Estimating the impact of climate change on the occurrence of selected pests at a high spatial resolution: a novel approach (2011)
    In:  Journal of Agricultural Science (2011), 149, 185–195
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011
    Description: Verbreitung des Maiszünslers (Ostrinia nubilalis) und des Kartoffelkäfers (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) in der Vergangenheit in Europa (1961-90) und durch Klimawandel induzierte Veränderung der Verbreitung mit dem CLIMAX-Modell KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Drei globale Klimamodelle (HadCM, NCAR-PCM and ECHAM)mit SRES A1B,, A2, B2 und der damit verbundene mittlere Temperaturanstieg (2.6K, 3.0K, 4.5K) dienten als Input für regionale Klimamodelle (12 climate change scenarios). KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Tmit 〉4.5K (HadCM-high scenario), dann werden 45% der Landfläche in Europa vom Auftreten einer 3. Generation des Kartoffelkäfers betroffen sein und 61% vom Auftreten einer 2. Generation des Maiszünzlers
    Keywords: Europa ; 1961-90 ; Szenarien ; Insekten ; Kartoffeln ; Mais ; Pflanzenschädling ; Modell
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  • 42
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    Impacts of climate change on wheat anthesis and fusarium ear blight in the UK (2011)
    In:  Eur J Plant Pathol (2011) 130:117–131
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011
    Description: Untersuchungen über das Auftreten von Fusarien -Krankheiten und den Blühbeginn von Weizen in Grossbritanien in der Vergangenheit und Projektionen über den zukünftigen Krankheitsdruck, wenn die Blüte des Weizens durch Klimawandel zeitiger erfolgt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Kombination von 3 Modellen (Wetterdaten mit LARS-WG, 5 Szenarien), Phänologiemodell Sirius und Fusarien-Modell FEB um den Befall von Weizen mit Fusarien für die Zukunft abzuschätzen KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T (HADCM3, regionales Modell LARS-WG mit CO2-Konzentrationen von 334-593ppm), dann Blühbeginn von Weizen etwa 11-15 Tage eher in 2020-50 gegenüber 1960-91
    Keywords: Grossbritanien ; 1960-90, 2021-2050 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Weizen
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  • 43
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    North-South divide: contrasting impacts of climate change on crop yields in Scotland and England (2010)
    In:  J. R. Soc. Interface 2010 7, 123-130
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010
    Description: Ein Anstieg der zukünftigen Rapserträge ist durch die Kombination von Klima-Wachstumsmodellen für für Grossbritanien dargestellt worden. Die Bedeutung für Phoma bei Raps nimmt unter Klimawandel in Schottland zu. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Durch Kombination von Pflanzenwachstums - Krankheits- und Klimamodell werden die zukünfigten Erträge von Raps und die möglichen Ertragsrückgäge durch klima-krankheitsbedingte Interaktionen für Grossbritanien für UKCIPPO2 Szenarien dargestellt. KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T und Delta Nied (HADCM3 2021-50, high and low emission scenario, gegenüber 1961-90) führt zu Ertragsanstieg von 3.2t/ha auf bis zu 3.65 t/ha (Schottland) und bis zu 1.5 t/ha Ertragsverlusten durch Phoma sind in England möglich
    Keywords: Grossbritanien ; 1960-90, 2021-2050 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Raps
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  • 44
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    Impact of climate change on the temporal and regional occurrence of Cercospora leaf spot in Lower Saxony (2011)
    In:  Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 118 (5), 168–177, 2011, ISSN 1861-3829. © Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011
    Description: Modelgestütze Abschätzungen über das Auftreten der Cercespora-Blattfleckenkrankheit in Zuckerrüben in Niedersachsen, Aussagen zu der Befallsstärke in Höhe von 1, 50 oder 100% parametrisiert für den Zeitraum 1971-2000 und für 2 Szenarien zeiträume (2021-50 und 2071-2100) KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Abschätzungen über die Infektionshöhe (1, 50 oder 100%) eines Zuckerrübenfeldes mit Cercespora-Blattfleckenkrankheit, Modelvalidierung an historischen Daten (1971-2000) und Simulationen für die Zukunft mit dem Vorhersagemodel CERCBET1. Klimaszenarien, GCM ECHAM-5, A1B, RCM Remo-UBA KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T+, dann 1, 50 oder 100% Befall um 5.2, 6.7 bzw. 10.6 Tage eher im Szenarienzeitraum 2021-2050, um 22.9, 25.2 bzw. 32.7 Tage eher im Szenarienzeitraum 2071-2100
    Keywords: Niedersachsen ; 1971-2000 ; Szenarien ; Zuckerrüben ; Infektionskrankheiten ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Hackfrüchte
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  • 45
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    Landwirtschaftlich-klimatologische Untersuchungen des Gebietes zwischen mittlerer Saale und Pleiße und Einteilung in klimatische Unterbezirke auf Grund der Beziehung zwischen Witterungsfaktoren und Ernteerträgen (1929)
    In:  Diss. Halle
    Details
    Publication Date: 1929
    Description: vgl. Neustädt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Zusammenhang Witterungsfaktoren in wachstumsrelevanten Zeitspannen mit dem Ertrag verschiedener Kulturen KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Nied (Oktober bis März) -, dann Erträge (Roggen) +; Delta Nied (Januar) -, dann Erträge (Roggen) ++; Delta Nied (Februar) +, dann Erträge (Roggen) +; Delta Nied (Mai) +, dann Erträge (Roggen) +; Delta Nied (Mai) 〉 1,5x Mittel, dann Erträge -; Delta Sonn (Mai, im Bezirk Köthen) +, dann Erträge (Roggen) -; Delta Nied (Januar, März, April) -, dann Erträge (Sommergerste) +; Delta Nied (Februar, Mai bis Ernte) +, dann Erträge (Sommergerste) +; Delta Nied (Mai) +, dann Erträge (Sommergerste) ++; (Informationen zu den weiteren landwirtschaftlicher Kulturpflanzen: siehe Artikel)
    Keywords: Mitteldeutschland ; 1900-1926 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Niederschlag ; Roggen ; Temperatur ; Witterung ; Hackfrüchte
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  • 46
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    Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die Ontogenese und die Blattkrankheiten Mehltau (Blumeria graminis), Braunrost (Puccinia triticina) und DTR (Drechslera tritici-repentis) des Winterweizens in Niedersachsen (2012)
    In:  58. Deutsche Pflanzenschutztagung, "Pflanzenschutz - alternativlos", 10.-14. September 2012, Branunschweig, Julius-Kühn Archiv, 438
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012
    Description: Abschätzen der Infektionswahrscheinlichkeit für Weizenkrankheiten durch Kombination von phänologischem und Infektionsmodell für Kurz- und Langzeitprojektionen im Vergleich zur Basisperiode KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Berechnungen mithilfe des Pronose-Modells SIMONTO-WW die BBCH-Stadien 30 und 69 für Weizen und mithilfe des Prognosesystems SIG-Getreide Berechnungen der Infektionswahrscheinlichkeit für verschiedene Szenarienzeiträume ((Kurzzeit 2021-50 und Langzeit 2071-2100) KATASTER-DETAIL: Tmit+(REMO), dann keine deutliche Veränderung der Mittleren Infektionswahrscheinlichkeit (MIW) in den Zeitfenstern Basis, Kurz- und Langzeit, aber Anstieg der MIW für Braunrost und DTR von der Basis zur Langzeitperiode
    Keywords: Niedersachsen ; 1971-2000 ; Szenarien ; Infektionskrankheiten ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Phänologie ; Temperatur ; Weizen ; Modell
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    Effects of experimental warming on fungal disease progress in oilseed rape (2013)
    In:  Global Change Biology (2013) 19, 1736–1747
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013
    Description: Abschätzungen über zukünfige Bedeutung ökonomisch relevanter pilzerkrankungen in Raps, (Verticillium longisporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum und Leptosphaeria maculans) KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Ableitung des Auftretens von pilzlichen Pathogenen aus Klimakammerversuchen , Berechnung von Temperatursummenmethoden KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T (+ 2°K), dann Keimung von Sclerotinia etwa 1 Woche früher, Auftreten der Sporen von Verticillium etwa 7-9 Tage früher
    Keywords: Klimakammerversuche, Niedersachen ; 2011-12 ; 2051-2100 ; Infektionskrankheiten ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Raps
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  • 48
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    Nachrichtenblatt für den Pflanzenschutz in der DDR (1974)
    In:  Zeitschrift
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974
    Description: Detailierte Berichte über das Auftreten von Schaderregern in der Landwirtschaft für jedes Jahr; Zusammenhänge zu Witterungsbedingungen werden zu Beginn der entsprechenden Hefte, sowie teilw. bei Besprechung der jeweiligen Schaderreger hergestellt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: DDR ; 1974-1990 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling
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  • 49
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    Die klimatischen und parasitären Faktoren im Ursachenkomplex der Obstfehlernten an der Niederelbe. (1929)
    In:  Arb. der Biol. Reichsanstalt Land. und Forstwissenschaft 17:423-434.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1929
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen Temperatur, Sonnenscheindauer und Niederschlag und die Auswirkungen auf Parasiten im Obstbau KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Niederelbe ; 1896-1928 ; Niederschlag ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Obst ; Parasit
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  • 50
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    Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Umwelteinflüsse auf die Kartoffeln unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sorteneigenschaften (1928)
    In:  Diss. Berlin.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Description: Versuche auf 13 Versuchsstationen, Einfluss des Wetters auf die Entwicklung, den etwaigen Krankheitsbefall, den Knollenertrag und den Stärkegehalt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Temperaturen während des Aufgangs für die Dauer des Aufgangs entscheidend, Verzögerung der Blüte bei nasser und kalter Witterung, insbesondere bei den frühen Sorten, Sonnenscheindauer für den Stärkegehalt entscheidend KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T+ (〉5°C während des Aufgangs), dann Aufgang innerhalb von 3 Wochen, ansonsten bis 5.5 Wochen;
    Keywords: Deutschland, Versuchsstationen ; 1924-26 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Niederschlag ; Temperatur ; Sonnenscheindauer
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  • 51
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    Einfluss der Witterungs-Erscheinungen auf die Erträge unserer Kulturpflanzen. (1928)
    In:  Deut. Landwirtschaflt. Presse 55:94-95.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Description: Übersicht über die Literatur zum Einfluss des Wetters auf die Kulturpflanzen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Milder und trockener Winter wirkt positiv auf die Weizenerträge, kalter und niederschlagsreicher Winter eher negativ, Betrachung für Norddeutschland KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1900-1926 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Getreide ; Hafer ; Landwirtschaft ; Niederschlag ; Roggen ; Temperatur ; Trockenheit ; Witterung ; Gerste
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  • 52
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    Die Feldberegnung in Mitteldeutschland (1927)
    In:  Arb. deut. Landw. Gesell. 354:66
    Details
    Publication Date: 1927
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen dem Ertrag von Kartoffeln, Hafer und Luzerne und dem Niederschlag KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Korrelationen zwischen dem Ertrag von Kartoffeln und Hafer und dem jährlichen Niederschlag, bzw. der jährlichen Anzahl nasser Monate (〉50mm pro Monat); stärkerer Zusammenhang mit jährlichem Niederschlag als mit Anzahl nasser Monate und umso schwächer, je niederschlagsreicher das Jahr, am ausgeprägtesten in Mitteldeutschland selbst auf schweren Böden KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Mitteldeutschland ; 1904-1914, 1922-1924 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Hafer ; Korrelationsmethode ; Niederschlag
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  • 53
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    Biometrical studies on the variation of physiologic forms of Puccinia graminis tritici and the effects of ecological factors on the susceptibility of wheat varieties (1928)
    In:  Phytopathology 18, No.1, p. 7-123
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Description: Ergebnisse 5-jähriger Freilandversuche und 9-jähriger Laborversuche zu den Zusammenhängen zwischen klimatischen und anderen Umweltfaktoren und dem Auftreten verschiedener physiologischer Formen des Schwarzrostes an unterschiedlichen Weizensorten in den USA und Kanada. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: USA, Kanada ; 1919-1923 ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Weizen
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  • 54
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    Zwei beachtenswerte Erscheinungen des Jahres 1926 (1926)
    In:  Hess. Landw. Zeitschr. 96, p.346
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Der Autor äußert die Vermutung, daß strenge Winter den Rostbefall vermindern und erwähnt das starke Befallsjahr 1926. Er klagt über ein noch zu geringes Wissen über die beeinflussenden Klimafaktoren. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Wetterau, Hessen ; 1926 ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit
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  • 55
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    Über das Auftreten von Helminthosporium avenae am Niederrhein (1929)
    In:  Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Presse, 56. Jahrgang, Nr. 37, p. 528-529
    Details
    Publication Date: 1929
    Description: Allgemeine Beobachtungen zum Verlauf der Krankheit sowie Beschreibung des Schadbildes KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: - KATASTER-DETAIL: -
    Keywords: Kempen, Nordrhein-Westfalen ; 1929 ; Ertrag ; Hafer ; Pflanzenkrankheit
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  • 56
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    Wie beeinflußt die Witterung den Stärkegehalt der Kartoffeln? (1926)
    In:  Die Kartoffel, S. 66
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen der Witterung und der Stärkeeinlagerung bei Kartoffeln KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Witterung
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  • 57
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    Die Auswertung der Ernteerträge (1928)
    In:  Mitt. DLG, S. 128
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen der Witterung und den Knollenerträgen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Witterung
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  • 58
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    Über den Einfluß der Witterung auf den Knollenansatz und Knollengewicht der Kartoffel (1925)
    In:  Zeitschr. Pflanzenbau 2.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Zusammenhang Witterung und Knollenansatz und -gewicht bei Kartoffeln KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Witterung
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  • 59
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    Erfahrungen über den diesjährigen Rostbefall beim Winterweizen und einige Vorbeugungsmaßnahmen (1926)
    In:  Jllustr. Landw. Zeitg. 46; p.551-552
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Schilderung des Rostbefalls (insbesondere Gelbrost)in der Region Kassel im Jahre 1926. Der Autor beklagt das bisher fehlende Wissen der Wissenschaftler und präsentiert eine Umfrage unter Landwirten zu den Einflußfaktoren (u.a. klimatische) auf den Rostbefall. Zudem werden Vorbeugungsmaßnahmen vorgestellt. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kassel ; 1926 ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Weizen
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  • 60
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    Einfluß der Witterung auf die Entwicklung und den Gesundheitszustand der landwirtschaftlichen Kulturpflanzen im Jahre 1926 (1926)
    In:  Prakt. Blätter. Bayer. Landesanst. Pflanzenbau und Schutz 4 (5): 103-111
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Beobachtungen zu den Auswirkungen der Witterung im Jahr 1926 auf Getreide, Futterpflanzen und Kartoffeln sowie ihrer Schädigungen durch verschiedene Schaderreger, wie z.B. Roste, Fusarien, Phytophthora, etc. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss der Witterung (Temperatur, Niederschlag, Sonnenschein) auf den Ertrag KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T (Februar) +, dann Auswinterungsschäden +; Delta T (März, April) + und Delta Nied (März) +, dann Entwicklung + (früher); Delta T (Mai, Juni) -: T 〈 0 °C (Frost), dann Kälteschäden +; Delta Sonn (Juni, Juli) -, dann Entwicklung -; Delta T (Frühjahr) +, dann Ertrag (Wintergetreide - außer Winterroggen) +; Delta T (Mai) - : T 〈 0 °C, dann Wachstum (Winterweizen) - und Auftreten von Gelbrost +, dadurch Ertrag (Winterweizen) -; Delta T(Frühjahr) +, dann Saat + (früher) und Entwicklung +, dadurch Ertrag (Sommergetreide) +; Delta Nied (Sommer) +, dann Entwicklung (Rüben) +; Delta Nied (Sommer) + und Delta T (Sommer) -, dann Entwicklung (Pferdebohnen) -; Delta Nied (Sommer) + und Delta T (Sommer) -, dann Entwicklung (Kartoffeln) -;
    Keywords: Bayern ; 1926 ; Kartoffeln ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling ; Hackfrüchte
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    Klimawandel in Nordrhein-Westfalen – Auswirkungen auf Schädlinge und Pilzkrankheiten wichtiger Ackerbaukulturen (2010)
    In:  Münster: proPlant GmbH. http://www.proplant.de/data/2010/ 2010_12_Volk-Richthofen-Johnen_Abschlussbericht- Klimawandel-und-Pflanzenschutz_proPlant.pdf
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010
    Description: Infektionsrisiko für pilzliche, bakterielle und tierische Schädlinge bei Weizen, Winterraps, Kartoffeln, Zuckerrüben und Mais werden für das Szenario A1B abgeschätzt KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Schwerpunkt auf den 8 bedeutensten Krankheiten bei Weizen, Halmbruch, Mehltau, Septoria-Blattdürre, Gelbrost, Braunrost, DTR-Blattdürre, Septoria nodorum und Fusarium, Simulationen mit proPlant.expert und Einteilung in Trendklassen (1-5) von linearer Trend ansteigend (=1) bis abnehmend (=5) KATASTER-DETAIL: Tmit+ (Wettreg 2006, A1B), dann ansteigendes Risiko für Septoria tritici, Braunrost, Mehltau, Fusarium, für Halmbruch und DTR kein ansteigendes Risiko ermittelt Detaillierte Trendübersicht und Beurteilung für einzelne Kulturen und Regionen in NRW siehe Dokument, Anhang
    Keywords: Nordrhein-Westfalen ; 2001-2050 ; Insekten ; Zuckerrüben ; Kartoffeln ; Infektionskrankheiten ; Landwirtschaft ; Mais ; Niederschlag ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Weizen ; Raps ; Modell
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  • 62
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    Boden, Klima und Kartoffelerträge (1925)
    In:  Der Kartoffelbau, Nr. 69
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Zusammenhang der Witterungselemente, insbesondere der Sommerniederschläge zum Ertrag bei Kartoffeln KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Breslau ; 1901-1921 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Witterung
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  • 63
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    Über den Einfluß der Witterungsfaktoren auf die Ernteerträge (1925)
    In:  Kühn-Archiv:53-78.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Einführung der Rangordnungs- und Korrelationsmethode anhand langjähriger Beobachtungen, Einfluss des Niederschlages und der Temperatur auf den Ertrag von Erbsen, Kartoffeln, Weizen, Hafer und Roggen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss der Witterung (Temperatur und Niederschlag) auf den Ertrag KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T (März und April) + und Delta Nied (März und April) -, dann Erträge (Erbsen) +; Delta T (Mai und Juni) - und Delta Nied (Mai und Juni) +, dann Erträge (Erbse) +; Delta T (Oktober Vorjahr) +, dann Erträge (Kartoffel) +; Delta T (März) + und Delta T (Mai und Juni) -, dann Erträge (Winterweizen) +; Delta Nied (Januar bis März)-, dann Erträge (Hafer) +; Delta Nied (Januar bis März)-, dann Erträge (Winterroggen) +;
    Keywords: Halle ; 1893-25 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Fichte ; Hafer ; Korrelationsmethode ; Niederschlag ; Rangordnungsmethode ; Roggen ; Temperatur ; Weizen ; Witterung
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    Die Beziehung zwischen Ernte und Witterung in der Landwirtschaft (1925)
    In:  Diss., Göttingen
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Ergebnisse ( Korrelationsmethode) der Bezeihung zwischen Witterung und Ertrag vieler Kulturen eingeteilt nach Monaten KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Beziehungen zwischen Witterung (Temperatur und Niederschlag)und Ernte KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Nied (erste 10 Blütetage) -, dann Ertrag (Roggen) +; Delta Nied (Beginn der Blüte bis 10 tage nach Ende der Blüte)-, dann Ertrag (Winterweizen) +; Delta Nied (während der 20 Tage nach Beginn der Blüte) -, dann Ertrag (Sommerweizen) +; Delta Tmit (während der 20 Tage nach dem Aufgang) -, dann Ertrag (Hafer) +; Delta Tmin (während der 20 Tage nach dem Aufgang) -, dann Ertrag (Gerste) +; Delta Tmit (während der 20 Tage nach Beginn der Blüte) -, dann Ertrag (Kartoffeln) +; Delta Nied (vom Aufgang bis zum Beginn der Blüte) -, dann Ertrag (Erbsen) +; Delta Nied +, dann Ertrag (Vietsbohnen) +;
    Keywords: Göttingen ; 1901-1922 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Hafer ; Korrelationsmethode ; Niederschlag ; Temperatur ; Weizen ; Witterung ; Erbsen
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  • 65
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    Die "kritischen Zeiten" und das "ökologische Optimum" der Witterungsfaktoren, ein Mittel zur Bestimmung der Ernteertäge (1926)
    In:  Zeitschrift für Acker- und Pflanzenbau 3:330-334.
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Angabe von Niederschlagsmengen und Durchschnittstemperaturen für das ökologische Optimum bestimmter Sorten, kritische Zeiten (vor und nach der Blüte) sind hierfür entscheidend KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss von Wasser und Wärme, bzw. Niederschlag und Temperatur auf den Ertrag KATASTER-DETAIL: Roggen, Weizen: Delta Nied (Beginn Blütezeit)-, dann Ertrag +; Hafer, Gerste, Kartoffel: Delta T (Beginn der Blüte) -, dann Ertrag +; Bohne: Delta T (gesamte Wachstumszeit)+ und Delta Nied (gesamte Wachstumszeit) +, dann Ertrag +
    Keywords: Göttingen ; 1901-22 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Getreide ; Hafer ; Klima ; Korrelationsmethode ; Niederschlag ; Roggen ; Temperatur ; Weizen ; Witterung ; Hackfrüchte ; Erbsen
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  • 66
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    Der Einfluß der meteorologischen Bedingungen auf die Pflanzenkrankheiten (1925)
    In:  Intern. Agrik.-Wiss. Rundsch. N.F. 1;p.406-424
    Details
    Publication Date: 1925
    Description: Der Autor fasst in einer Literaturstudie Forschungsergebnisse und -erkenntnisse von Studien zum Zusammenhang zwischen klimatischen Parametern und dem Auftreten verschiedener Pflanzenkrankheiten aus Feldversuchen zusammen und vergleicht diese mit eigenen Beobachtungen aus Indien. Aus dem Literaturstudium gewonnene Kardinalwerte für verschiedene Pflanzenkrankheiten sind enthalten. Schwerpunkte der Sammlung an Erkenntnissen stellen Indien und die USA dar. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Indien, USA, Welt ; 1900-1925 ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Witterung
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  • 67
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    Zum Auftreten des Gelbrostes des Weizens (1926)
    In:  Nassauer Land 108, p. 185
    Details
    Publication Date: 1926
    Description: Beobachtungen zum Gelbrostbefall von Weizen, Roggen und Gerste KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: - KATASTER-DETAIL: -
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1926 ; Infektionskrankheiten ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Roggen ; Weizen ; Gerste
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  • 68
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    The elasticity theory of dislocations in real earth models and changes in rotation of the earth (1971)
    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Amsterdam, Polish Geothermal Association, vol. 23, no. 1-4, pp. 329-354, pp. B01405, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971
    Keywords: Dislocation ; (The Earth's free) oscillations ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Stress ; Layers ; Chandler wobble ; Elasticity theory of dislocations ; GJRaS
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 69
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    Structure of the Earth from glacio-isostatic rebound (1973)
    In:  Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., Washington, D.C., AGU, vol. 1, no. B3, pp. 15-37, pp. B01308, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Inelastic ; Review article ; ANREV
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 70
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    Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN 0-521-62272-7, ISBN 0-521-00600-7 paper)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Fluids ; Geothermics ; Gutenberg
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 71
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    Mechanik und Thermodynamik des Erdkörpers: Die elastischen Konstanten im Erdinnern (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Professional Paper, Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde, Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 808-818, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Seismology ; Geothermics ; Velocity analysis ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Physical properties of rocks
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 72
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    Mechanik und Thermodynamik des Erdkörpers: Der Aufbau der Erde (Zusammenfassung) (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Professional Paper, Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde, Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 818-827, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; physical ; parameters ; of ; rocks ; Geothermics ; Velocity analysis ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Review article
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  • 73
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    Mechanik und Thermodynamik des Erdkörpers: Die Gestalt der Erde (1928)
    Vieweg
    In:  Professional Paper, Müller - Pouillets Lehrbuch der Physik, Bd. 5.1 Physik der Erde, Braunschweig, Vieweg, vol. 3, no. VIIa, pp. 799-803, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1928
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Fluids ; Geothermics ; Geodesy
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 74
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    Sex bias blights drug studies (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Check Hayden, Erika -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 18;464(7287):332-3. doi: 10.1038/464332b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20237530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Biomedical Research/*methods ; Clinical Trials as Topic/methods ; Drug Evaluation/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Selection ; Prejudice ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sex Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Human genome at ten: Life is complicated (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Check Hayden, Erika -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 1;464(7289):664-7. doi: 10.1038/464664a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Data Mining ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes/genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomics/history/trends ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Human Genome Project/history ; Humans ; *Models, Biological ; Molecular Biology/*history ; Neoplasms/genetics/therapy ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics/metabolism ; Sea Urchins/embryology/genetics ; Systems Biology/*trends ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Uncertainty
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Can conservation cut poverty? (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, Natasha -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 16;467(7313):264-5. doi: 10.1038/467264a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20844511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Child ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*statistics & numerical data/trends ; Hominidae ; Humans ; Malnutrition/epidemiology ; Poverty/prevention & control/*statistics & numerical data/trends ; Rivers/chemistry ; United Nations ; Water Supply/statistics & numerical data
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A full accounting (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 24;465(7301):985-6. doi: 10.1038/465985b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20577163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disasters/*economics ; *Ecosystem ; Federal Government ; Industry/*economics ; Insurance/economics/*trends/utilization ; Petroleum/*adverse effects ; Risk ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    River chief resigns (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pincock, Stephen -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 9;468(7325):744. doi: 10.1038/468744a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21150966" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/methods ; Animals ; Australia ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics ; *Ecosystem ; Endangered Species ; Environmental Policy ; *Leadership ; *Rivers/chemistry ; *Water Supply/analysis/economics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Wnt11 patterns a myocardial electrical gradient through regulation of the L-type Ca(2+) channel (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-27
    Description: Electrical gradients are critical for many biological processes, including the normal function of excitable tissues, left-right patterning, organogenesis and wound healing. The fundamental mechanisms that regulate the establishment and maintenance of such electrical polarities are poorly understood. Here we identify a gradient of electrical coupling across the developing ventricular myocardium using high-speed optical mapping of transmembrane potentials and calcium concentrations in the zebrafish heart. We excluded a role for differences in cellular excitability, connexin localization, tissue geometry and mechanical inputs, but in contrast we were able to demonstrate that non-canonical Wnt11 signals are required for the genesis of this myocardial electrical gradient. Although the traditional planar cell polarity pathway is not involved, we obtained evidence that Wnt11 acts to set up this gradient of electrical coupling through effects on transmembrane Ca(2+) conductance mediated by the L-type calcium channel. These data reveal a previously unrecognized role for Wnt/Ca(2+) signalling in establishing an electrical gradient in the plane of the developing cardiac epithelium through modulation of ion-channel function. The regulation of cellular coupling through such mechanisms may be a general property of non-canonical Wnt signals.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2921013/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2921013/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Panakova, Daniela -- Werdich, Andreas A -- Macrae, Calum A -- K08 HL068711/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R21 GM075946/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 GM075946-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 GM075946-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 GM075946-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 GM075946-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 HL098938/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R21 HL098938-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 12;466(7308):874-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09249. Epub 2010 Jul 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Division, 75 Francis Street, Thorn 11, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20657579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels, L-Type/*metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; *Electric Conductivity ; Heart/embryology ; Ion Channel Gating/*physiology ; Myocardium/cytology/*metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Wnt Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Zebrafish/*embryology/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Palaeontology: Muddy tetrapod origins (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janvier, Philippe -- Clement, Gael -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 7;463(7277):40-1. doi: 10.1038/463040a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20054387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chordata/anatomy & histology/classification/*physiology ; Extremities/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/physiology ; *Fossils ; Gait/physiology ; History, Ancient ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Poland
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The real holes in climate science (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiermeier, Quirin -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 21;463(7279):284-7. doi: 10.1038/463284a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20090725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aerosols/analysis ; Animals ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; *Ecology/methods/standards ; Electronic Mail ; Geography ; *Global Warming ; Great Britain ; Human Activities ; Models, Theoretical ; Rain ; Snow ; Trees/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; *Uncertainty
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The primate connection (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trivedi, Bijal -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 15;466(7304):S5. doi: 10.1038/nature09236.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/immunology ; Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; HIV Infections/*immunology/physiopathology/virology ; HIV-1/genetics/growth & development/immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Inflammation/immunology/pathology ; Interleukin-17/immunology ; Macaca/immunology/virology ; Male ; Physiology, Comparative/methods ; Primates/*immunology/metabolism/*virology ; Receptors, HIV/metabolism ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/metabolism/virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/classification/genetics/pathogenicity/*physiology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology/pathology ; Viral Load
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Males still dominate animal studies (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zucker, Irving -- Beery, Annaliese K -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 10;465(7299):690. doi: 10.1038/465690a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departmentsof Psychology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. irvzuck@berkeley.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20535186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Biomedical Research/ethics/*methods/trends ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sex Distribution ; Sex Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    IkappaBzeta regulates T(H)17 development by cooperating with ROR nuclear receptors (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-04-13
    Description: Interleukin (IL)-17-producing helper T (T(H)17) cells are a distinct T-cell subset characterized by its pathological role in autoimmune diseases. IL-6 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) induce T(H)17 development, in which the orphan nuclear receptors, RORgammat and RORalpha, have an indispensable role. However, in the absence of IL-6 and TGF-beta, the ectopic expression of RORgammat or RORalpha leads to only a modest IL-17 production. Here we identify a nuclear IkappaB family member, IkappaBzeta (encoded by the Nfkbiz gene), as a transcription factor required for T(H)17 development in mice. The ectopic expression of IkappaBzeta in naive CD4(+) T cells together with RORgammat or RORalpha potently induces T(H)17 development, even in the absence of IL-6 and TGF-beta. Notably, Nfkbiz(-/-) mice have a defect in T(H)17 development and a resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The T-cell-intrinsic function of IkappaBzeta was clearly demonstrated by the resistance to EAE of the Rag2(-/-) mice into which Nfkbiz(-/-) CD4(+) T cells were transferred. In cooperation with RORgammat and RORalpha, IkappaBzeta enhances Il17a expression by binding directly to the regulatory region of the Il17a gene. This study provides evidence for the transcriptional mechanisms underlying T(H)17 development and points to a molecular basis for a novel therapeutic strategy against autoimmune disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okamoto, Kazuo -- Iwai, Yoshiko -- Oh-Hora, Masatsugu -- Yamamoto, Masahiro -- Morio, Tomohiro -- Aoki, Kazuhiro -- Ohya, Keiichi -- Jetten, Anton M -- Akira, Shizuo -- Muta, Tatsushi -- Takayanagi, Hiroshi -- Z01-ES-101586/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 29;464(7293):1381-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08922. Epub 2010 Apr 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20383124" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells/cytology/immunology ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Interleukin-17/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Stem cells: Troublesome memories (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zwaka, Thomas P -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 16;467(7313):280-1. doi: 10.1038/467280a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20844526" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/*genetics ; Cell Lineage/*genetics ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics ; *DNA Methylation/genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Organ Specificity/genetics
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    Amygdalar and hippocampal substrates of anxious temperament differ in their heritability (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-13
    Description: Anxious temperament (AT) in human and non-human primates is a trait-like phenotype evident early in life that is characterized by increased behavioural and physiological reactivity to mildly threatening stimuli. Studies in children demonstrate that AT is an important risk factor for the later development of anxiety disorders, depression and comorbid substance abuse. Despite its importance as an early predictor of psychopathology, little is known about the factors that predispose vulnerable children to develop AT and the brain systems that underlie its expression. To characterize the neural circuitry associated with AT and the extent to which the function of this circuit is heritable, we studied a large sample of rhesus monkeys phenotyped for AT. Using 238 young monkeys from a multigenerational single-family pedigree, we simultaneously assessed brain metabolic activity and AT while monkeys were exposed to the relevant ethological condition that elicits the phenotype. High-resolution (18)F-labelled deoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) was selected as the imaging modality because it provides semi-quantitative indices of absolute glucose metabolic rate, allows for simultaneous measurement of behaviour and brain activity, and has a time course suited for assessing temperament-associated sustained brain responses. Here we demonstrate that the central nucleus region of the amygdala and the anterior hippocampus are key components of the neural circuit predictive of AT. We also show significant heritability of the AT phenotype by using quantitative genetic analysis. Additionally, using voxelwise analyses, we reveal significant heritability of metabolic activity in AT-associated hippocampal regions. However, activity in the amygdala region predictive of AT is not significantly heritable. Furthermore, the heritabilities of the hippocampal and amygdala regions significantly differ from each other. Even though these structures are closely linked, the results suggest differential influences of genes and environment on how these brain regions mediate AT and the ongoing risk of developing anxiety and depression.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2998538/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2998538/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oler, Jonathan A -- Fox, Andrew S -- Shelton, Steven E -- Rogers, Jeffrey -- Dyer, Thomas D -- Davidson, Richard J -- Shelledy, Wendy -- Oakes, Terrence R -- Blangero, John -- Kalin, Ned H -- MH018931/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH046729/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH059490/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH081884/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH084051/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH084051/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH084051-030001/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH046729/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH046729-17/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH081884/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH081884-04/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH059490/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH059490-13/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 12;466(7308):864-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09282.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53719, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20703306" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/*metabolism ; Animals ; Anxiety/*genetics/*physiopathology ; Depression/genetics ; Female ; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; Glucose/metabolism ; *Heredity ; Hippocampus/*metabolism ; Macaca mulatta/genetics/physiology ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Stress, Psychological ; Temperament/*physiology ; Temporal Lobe/metabolism ; Vocalization, Animal
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    Scientists wanted (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):346. doi: 10.1038/468346a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21085130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Emigration and Immigration/*legislation & jurisprudence/*statistics & numerical ; data ; Employment/statistics & numerical data ; Great Britain ; Internationality ; Research Personnel/*legislation & jurisprudence/standards/*statistics & numerical ; data ; Science/*manpower/standards
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    Histone H2A deubiquitinase activity of the Polycomb repressive complex PR-DUB (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-05-04
    Description: Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are transcriptional repressors that control processes ranging from the maintenance of cell fate decisions and stem cell pluripotency in animals to the control of flowering time in plants. In Drosophila, genetic studies identified more than 15 different PcG proteins that are required to repress homeotic (HOX) and other developmental regulator genes in cells where they must stay inactive. Biochemical analyses established that these PcG proteins exist in distinct multiprotein complexes that bind to and modify chromatin of target genes. Among those, Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and the related dRing-associated factors (dRAF) complex contain an E3 ligase activity for monoubiquitination of histone H2A (refs 1-4). Here we show that the uncharacterized Drosophila PcG gene calypso encodes the ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase BAP1. Biochemically purified Calypso exists in a complex with the PcG protein ASX, and this complex, named Polycomb repressive deubiquitinase (PR-DUB), is bound at PcG target genes in Drosophila. Reconstituted recombinant Drosophila and human PR-DUB complexes remove monoubiquitin from H2A but not from H2B in nucleosomes. Drosophila mutants lacking PR-DUB show a strong increase in the levels of monoubiquitinated H2A. A mutation that disrupts the catalytic activity of Calypso, or absence of the ASX subunit abolishes H2A deubiquitination in vitro and HOX gene repression in vivo. Polycomb gene silencing may thus entail a dynamic balance between H2A ubiquitination by PRC1 and dRAF, and H2A deubiquitination by PR-DUB.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3182123/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3182123/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheuermann, Johanna C -- de Ayala Alonso, Andres Gaytan -- Oktaba, Katarzyna -- Ly-Hartig, Nga -- McGinty, Robert K -- Fraterman, Sven -- Wilm, Matthias -- Muir, Tom W -- Muller, Jurg -- R01 GM086868/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM086868-13/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RC2 CA148354/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RC2 CA148354-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RC2CA148354/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 13;465(7295):243-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08966. Epub 2010 May 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20436459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Biocatalysis ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/*enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Homeobox/genetics ; Genes, Insect/genetics ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Histones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Nucleosomes/chemistry/metabolism ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 ; Repressor Proteins/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Ubiquitination/*physiology
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    Role of Tet proteins in 5mC to 5hmC conversion, ES-cell self-renewal and inner cell mass specification (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-07-20
    Description: DNA methylation is one of the best-characterized epigenetic modifications. Although the enzymes that catalyse DNA methylation have been characterized, enzymes responsible for demethylation have been elusive. A recent study indicates that the human TET1 protein could catalyse the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) of DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), raising the possibility that DNA demethylation may be a Tet1-mediated process. Here we extend this study by demonstrating that all three mouse Tet proteins (Tet1, Tet2 and Tet3) can also catalyse a similar reaction. Tet1 has an important role in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell maintenance through maintaining the expression of Nanog in ES cells. Downregulation of Nanog via Tet1 knockdown correlates with methylation of the Nanog promoter, supporting a role for Tet1 in regulating DNA methylation status. Furthermore, knockdown of Tet1 in pre-implantation embryos results in a bias towards trophectoderm differentiation. Thus, our studies not only uncover the enzymatic activity of the Tet proteins, but also demonstrate a role for Tet1 in ES cell maintenance and inner cell mass cell specification.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491567/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491567/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ito, Shinsuke -- D'Alessio, Ana C -- Taranova, Olena V -- Hong, Kwonho -- Sowers, Lawrence C -- Zhang, Yi -- CA084487/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM68804/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 26;466(7310):1129-33. doi: 10.1038/nature09303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20639862" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine/*metabolism ; Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism ; Animals ; Blastocyst Inner Cell Mass/*metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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    Competition drives cooperation among closely related sperm of deer mice (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-22
    Description: Among the extraordinary adaptations driven by sperm competition is the cooperative behaviour of spermatozoa. By forming cooperative groups, sperm can increase their swimming velocity and thereby gain an advantage in intermale sperm competition. Accordingly, selection should favour cooperation of the most closely related sperm to maximize fitness. Here we show that sperm of deer mice (genus Peromyscus) form motile aggregations, then we use this system to test predictions of sperm cooperation. We find that sperm aggregate more often with conspecific than heterospecific sperm, suggesting that individual sperm can discriminate on the basis of genetic relatedness. Next, we provide evidence that the cooperative behaviour of closely related sperm is driven by sperm competition. In a monogamous species lacking sperm competition, Peromyscus polionotus, sperm indiscriminately group with unrelated conspecific sperm. In contrast, in the highly promiscuous deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, sperm are significantly more likely to aggregate with those obtained from the same male than with sperm from an unrelated conspecific donor. Even when we test sperm from sibling males, we continue to see preferential aggregations of related sperm in P. maniculatus. These results suggest that sperm from promiscuous deer mice discriminate among relatives and thereby cooperate with the most closely related sperm, an adaptation likely to have been driven by sperm competition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2824558/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2824558/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisher, Heidi S -- Hoekstra, Hopi E -- F32 GM084719/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM084719-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 11;463(7282):801-3. doi: 10.1038/nature08736. Epub 2010 Jan 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. hfisher@oeb.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20090679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Aggregation ; Competitive Behavior/*physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Copulation/physiology ; Female ; Male ; Peromyscus/*classification/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Sperm Motility/physiology ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
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    Vision: Fisheye views (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lincoln, Tim -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 15;464(7291):990. doi: 10.1038/464990a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20393551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air ; Animals ; Perciformes/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Retina/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Rivers ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology
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    Regulation of myeloid leukaemia by the cell-fate determinant Musashi (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-07-20
    Description: Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) can progress from a slow growing chronic phase to an aggressive blast crisis phase, but the molecular basis of this transition remains poorly understood. Here we have used mouse models of CML to show that disease progression is regulated by the Musashi-Numb signalling axis. Specifically, we find that the chronic phase is marked by high levels of Numb expression whereas the blast crisis phase has low levels of Numb expression, and that ectopic expression of Numb promotes differentiation and impairs advanced-phase disease in vivo. As a possible explanation for the decreased levels of Numb in the blast crisis phase, we show that NUP98-HOXA9, an oncogene associated with blast crisis CML, can trigger expression of the RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (Msi2), which in turn represses Numb. Notably, loss of Msi2 restores Numb expression and significantly impairs the development and propagation of blast crisis CML in vitro and in vivo. Finally we show that Msi2 expression is not only highly upregulated during human CML progression but is also an early indicator of poorer prognosis. These data show that the Musashi-Numb pathway can control the differentiation of CML cells, and raise the possibility that targeting this pathway may provide a new strategy for the therapy of aggressive leukaemias.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918284/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918284/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ito, Takahiro -- Kwon, Hyog Young -- Zimdahl, Bryan -- Congdon, Kendra L -- Blum, Jordan -- Lento, William E -- Zhao, Chen -- Lagoo, Anand -- Gerrard, Gareth -- Foroni, Letizia -- Goldman, John -- Goh, Harriet -- Kim, Soo-Hyun -- Kim, Dong-Wook -- Chuah, Charles -- Oehler, Vivian G -- Radich, Jerald P -- Jordan, Craig T -- Reya, Tannishtha -- AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA122206/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA140371/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA18029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK63031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP1 CA174422/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430-02/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1OD006430/OD/NIH HHS/ -- HL097767/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA018029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA140371/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007184-33/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-010006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-020006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-030006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-040006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-050006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):765-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09171. Epub 2010 Jul 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20639863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blast Crisis/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; *Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Disease Progression ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics/metabolism ; Prognosis ; RNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Notch1/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
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    The sequencers (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chi, Kelly Rae -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 13;465(7295):256-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20549837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Genome/genetics ; Genomics/economics/instrumentation/*manpower/*trends ; Humans ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/economics/instrumentation/statistics & numerical ; data/trends ; Software ; Viruses/genetics/isolation & purification
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Thousands of chemical starting points for antimalarial lead identification (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-05-21
    Description: Malaria is a devastating infection caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. Drug resistance is widespread, no new chemical class of antimalarials has been introduced into clinical practice since 1996 and there is a recent rise of parasite strains with reduced sensitivity to the newest drugs. We screened nearly 2 million compounds in GlaxoSmithKline's chemical library for inhibitors of P. falciparum, of which 13,533 were confirmed to inhibit parasite growth by at least 80% at 2 microM concentration. More than 8,000 also showed potent activity against the multidrug resistant strain Dd2. Most (82%) compounds originate from internal company projects and are new to the malaria community. Analyses using historic assay data suggest several novel mechanisms of antimalarial action, such as inhibition of protein kinases and host-pathogen interaction related targets. Chemical structures and associated data are hereby made public to encourage additional drug lead identification efforts and further research into this disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gamo, Francisco-Javier -- Sanz, Laura M -- Vidal, Jaume -- de Cozar, Cristina -- Alvarez, Emilio -- Lavandera, Jose-Luis -- Vanderwall, Dana E -- Green, Darren V S -- Kumar, Vinod -- Hasan, Samiul -- Brown, James R -- Peishoff, Catherine E -- Cardon, Lon R -- Garcia-Bustos, Jose F -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):305-10. doi: 10.1038/nature09107.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20485427" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antimalarials/*analysis/chemistry/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Drug Discovery ; Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects ; Humans ; Malaria, Falciparum/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects/enzymology/genetics/growth & development ; Small Molecule Libraries/*analysis/chemistry/*pharmacology/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Induction of tumour immunity by targeted inhibition of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-05-14
    Description: The main reason why tumours are not controlled by the immune system is that, unlike pathogens, they do not express potent tumour rejection antigens (TRAs). Tumour vaccination aims at stimulating a systemic immune response targeted to, mostly weak, antigens expressed in the disseminated tumour lesions. Main challenges in developing effective vaccination protocols are the identification of potent and broadly expressed TRAs and effective adjuvants to stimulate a robust and durable immune response. Here we describe an alternative approach in which the expression of new, and thereby potent, antigens are induced in tumour cells by inhibiting nonsense-mediated messenger RNA decay (NMD). Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated inhibition of NMD in tumour cells led to the expression of new antigenic determinants and their immune-mediated rejection. In subcutaneous and metastatic tumour models, tumour-targeted delivery of NMD factor-specific siRNAs conjugated to oligonucleotide aptamer ligands led to significant inhibition of tumour growth that was superior to that of vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing irradiated tumour cells, and could be further enhanced by co-stimulation. Tumour-targeted NMD inhibition forms the basis of a simple, broadly useful, and clinically feasible approach to enhance the antigenicity of disseminated tumours leading to their immune recognition and rejection. The cell-free chemically synthesized oligonucleotide backbone of aptamer-siRNAs reduces the risk of immunogenicity and enhances the feasibility of generating reagents suitable for clinical use.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107067/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107067/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pastor, Fernando -- Kolonias, Despina -- Giangrande, Paloma H -- Gilboa, Eli -- R01 CA138503/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA151857-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 13;465(7295):227-30. doi: 10.1038/nature08999.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dodson Interdisciplinary Immunotherapy Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida 33134, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20463739" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*genetics/*immunology ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/genetics ; Cancer Vaccines/genetics/immunology/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chickens/genetics ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; RNA Interference ; RNA Stability/*genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering/*genetics/therapeutic use ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Neuroscience: Sexy circuits (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benton, Richard -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 2;468(7324):638-40. doi: 10.1038/468638a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates/pharmacology ; Animals ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/anatomy & histology/*cytology/*drug effects/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques/methods ; Oleic Acids/pharmacology ; Olfactory Pathways/anatomy & histology/cytology/*drug effects ; Olfactory Perception/drug effects/physiology ; Pheromones/*pharmacology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/drug effects/physiology ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Lkb1 regulates quiescence and metabolic homeostasis of haematopoietic stem cells (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-03
    Description: The capacity to fine-tune cellular bioenergetics with the demands of stem-cell maintenance and regeneration is central to normal development and ageing, and to organismal survival during periods of acute stress. How energy metabolism and stem-cell homeostatic processes are coordinated is not well understood. Lkb1 acts as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cellular energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells and functions as the major upstream kinase to phosphorylate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and 12 other AMPK-related kinases. Whether Lkb1 regulates stem-cell maintenance remains unknown. Here we show that Lkb1 has an essential role in haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis. We demonstrate that ablation of Lkb1 in adult mice results in severe pancytopenia and subsequent lethality. Loss of Lkb1 leads to impaired survival and escape from quiescence of HSCs, resulting in exhaustion of the HSC pool and a marked reduction of HSC repopulating potential in vivo. Lkb1 deletion has an impact on cell proliferation in HSCs, but not on more committed compartments, pointing to context-specific functions for Lkb1 in haematopoiesis. The adverse impact of Lkb1 deletion on haematopoiesis was predominantly cell-autonomous and mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1)-independent, and involves multiple mechanisms converging on mitochondrial apoptosis and possibly downregulation of PGC-1 coactivators and their transcriptional network, which have critical roles in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Thus, Lkb1 serves as an essential regulator of HSCs and haematopoiesis, and more generally, points to the critical importance of coupling energy metabolism and stem-cell homeostasis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058342/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058342/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gan, Boyi -- Hu, Jian -- Jiang, Shan -- Liu, Yingchun -- Sahin, Ergun -- Zhuang, Li -- Fletcher-Sananikone, Eliot -- Colla, Simona -- Wang, Y Alan -- Chin, Lynda -- Depinho, Ronald A -- 01CA141508/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA135057/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA135057-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21CA135057/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA141508/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA141508-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 2;468(7324):701-4. doi: 10.1038/nature09595.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle/*physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; *Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism/pathology ; *Homeostasis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria/metabolism/pathology ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Pancytopenia/genetics ; Phenotype ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Proteins/metabolism ; Survival Analysis ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Blood-vessel formation: Bridges that guide and unite (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmidt, Thomas -- Carmeliet, Peter -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 10;465(7299):697-9. doi: 10.1038/465697a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20535192" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Vessels/*cytology/*growth & development ; Cell Fusion ; Endothelial Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Macrophages/*cytology/*physiology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology/physiopathology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/*physiology ; Pseudopodia/physiology
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    The killing fields (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-09-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 23;467(7314):368. doi: 10.1038/467368a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20864950" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*methods ; Animals ; Cattle ; Disease Reservoirs/microbiology/*statistics & numerical data/*veterinary ; *Federal Government ; Great Britain/epidemiology ; *Mustelidae/microbiology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tuberculosis Vaccines ; Tuberculosis, Bovine/epidemiology/*prevention & control/transmission ; Vaccination/veterinary
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies human host factors crucial for influenza virus replication (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-19
    Description: Influenza A virus, being responsible for seasonal epidemics and reoccurring pandemics, represents a worldwide threat to public health. High mutation rates facilitate the generation of viral escape mutants, rendering vaccines and drugs directed against virus-encoded targets potentially ineffective. In contrast, targeting host cell determinants temporarily dispensable for the host but crucial for virus replication could prevent viral escape. Here we report the discovery of 287 human host cell genes influencing influenza A virus replication in a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen. Using an independent assay we confirmed 168 hits (59%) inhibiting either the endemic H1N1 (119 hits) or the current pandemic swine-origin (121 hits) influenza A virus strains, with an overlap of 60%. Notably, a subset of these common hits was also essential for replication of a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 strain. In-depth analyses of several factors provided insights into their infection stage relevance. Notably, SON DNA binding protein (SON) was found to be important for normal trafficking of influenza virions to late endosomes early in infection. We also show that a small molecule inhibitor of CDC-like kinase 1 (CLK1) reduces influenza virus replication by more than two orders of magnitude, an effect connected with impaired splicing of the viral M2 messenger RNA. Furthermore, influenza-virus-infected p27(-/-) (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; Cdkn1b) mice accumulated significantly lower viral titres in the lung, providing in vivo evidence for the importance of this gene. Thus, our results highlight the potency of genome-wide RNAi screening for the dissection of virus-host interactions and the identification of drug targets for a broad range of influenza viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karlas, Alexander -- Machuy, Nikolaus -- Shin, Yujin -- Pleissner, Klaus-Peter -- Artarini, Anita -- Heuer, Dagmar -- Becker, Daniel -- Khalil, Hany -- Ogilvie, Lesley A -- Hess, Simone -- Maurer, Andre P -- Muller, Elke -- Wolff, Thorsten -- Rudel, Thomas -- Meyer, Thomas F -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 11;463(7282):818-22. doi: 10.1038/nature08760. Epub 2010 Jan 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Department, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20081832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/virology ; Genome, Human/genetics ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/classification/*growth & development ; Influenza, Human/*genetics/*virology ; Lung/cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; *RNA Interference ; Virus Replication/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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