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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-12-05
    Description: This article briefly summarizes the research activities in the field of hydrogen storage in sorbent materials and reports our recent works and future directions for the design of such materials. Distinct features of sorption-based hydrogen storage methods are described compared with metal hydrides and complex chemical hydrides. We classify the...
    Keywords: Inaugural Articles
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-07-06
    Description: A disposable iron-based catalyst, red mud, was modified by different dissolution-precipitation methods. The catalysts obtained were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and ammonia temperature-programmed desorption. They were tested for slurry-phase hydrocracking of vacuum residue in a batch reactor. The red-mud catalyst activated by phosphoric acid showed the highest catalytic activity since the activation by phosphoric acid resulted in the decrease in particle size which facilitated the transformation of red mud to the active sulfide form in the reaction. Different dissolution-precipitation methods served for modification of a disposable iron-based catalyst, red mud. The resulting materials were evaluated as catalysts for the slurry-phase catalytic hydrocracking of vacuum residue. Red mud activated by phosphoric acid treatment exhibited the best performance due to the caused particle size reduction.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-09-22
    Description: The two-dimensional profiles of the electron density, electron temperature, neutral translational temperature, and molecular rotational temperature are investigated in an argon atmospheric pressure plasma jet, which is driven by the radio frequency of 13.56 MHz by means of the laser scattering methods of Thomson, Rayleigh, and Raman. All measured parameters have maximum values at the center of the discharge and decrease toward the plasma edge. The results for the electron temperature profile are contrary to the results for the microwave-driven plasma. From our experimental results, the profiles of the plasma parameters arise from the radial contraction of plasmas and the time averaged profile of the electric field, which is obtained by a microwave simulation performed under identical conditions to the plasma jet. In the case of the neutral temperature, a higher translational temperature than the rotational temperature is measured, and its discrepancy is tentatively explained in terms of the low ion-neutral charge exchange rate and the additional degrees of freedom of the molecules. The description of our experimental results and the underlying physics are addressed in detail.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-05-28
    Description: This paper proposes a new measurement method of electron density using the reactance spectrum of the plasma in the cutoff probe system instead of the transmission spectrum. The highly accurate reactance spectrum of the plasma-cutoff probe system, as expected from previous circuit simulations [Kim et al. , Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 , 131502 (2011)], was measured using the full two-port error correction and automatic port extension methods of the network analyzer. The electron density can be obtained from the analysis of the measured reactance spectrum, based on circuit modeling. According to the circuit simulation results, the reactance cutoff probe can measure the electron density more precisely than the previous cutoff probe at low densities or at higher pressure. The obtained results for the electron density are presented and discussed for a wide range of experimental conditions, and this method is compared with previous methods (a cutoff probe using the transmission spectrum and a single Langmuir probe).
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-06-02
    Description: Since a plasma processing control based on plasma diagnostics attracted considerable attention in industry, the reproducibility of the diagnostics using in this application has become a great interest. Because the cutoff probe is one of the potential candidates for this application, knowing the reproducibility of the cutoff probe measurement becomes quit important in the cutoff probe application research. To test the reproducibility of the cutoff probe measurement, in this paper, a comparative study among the different cutoff probe measurements was performed. The comparative study revealed remarkable result: the cutoff probe has a great reproducibility for the electron density measurement, i.e., there are little differences among measurements by different probes made by different experimenters. The discussion including the reason for the result was addressed via this paper by using a basic measurement principle of cutoff probe and a comparative experiment with Langmuir probe.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: We inferred the effective sheath width using the cutoff probe and incorporating a full-wave three-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) simulation. The EM simulation reproduced the experimentally obtained plasma-sheath resonance (PSR) on the microwave transmission ( S 21 ) spectrum well. The PSR frequency has a one-to-one correspondence with the width of the vacuum layer assumed to be the effective sheath in the EM simulation model. The sheath width was estimated by matching the S 21 spectra of the experiment and the EM simulation for different widths of the sheath. We found that the inferred sheath widths quantitatively and qualitatively agree with the sheath width measured by incorporating an equivalent circuit model. These results demonstrate the excellent potential of the cutoff probe for inferring the effective sheath width from its experimental spectrum data.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-07-12
    Description: We present numerical studies of the imaging and caustic properties of the singular isothermal sphere (SIS) under a wide range of external shear (from 0.0 to 2.0). Using a direct inverse-mapping formula for this lensing system,we investigate various lensing properties for both low-shear (i.e.  〈 1.0) and high-shear (i.e.  〉 1.0) cases: the image separations, the total or individual magnifications, the flux ratios of two images, the maximum number of images and the lensing cross-sections. We systematically analyse the effective lensing cross-sections of double-lensing and quadruple-lensing systems, based on the radio luminosity function obtained by the Jodrell–VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS) and the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS). We find that the limit of a survey selection bias (i.e. between brighter and fainter images) preferentially reduces the effective lensing cross-sections of two-image lensing systems. By considering the effects of survey selection bias, we demonstrate that the long-standing anomaly over the high quads-to-doubles ratios (i.e. 50–70 per cent for JVAS and CLASS) can be explained by the moderate effective shear of 0.16–0.18, which is half that of previous estimates. The derived inverse-mapping formula could make the SIS + shear lensing model useful for galaxy-lensing simulations.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2010-07-20
    Description: Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) can progress from a slow growing chronic phase to an aggressive blast crisis phase, but the molecular basis of this transition remains poorly understood. Here we have used mouse models of CML to show that disease progression is regulated by the Musashi-Numb signalling axis. Specifically, we find that the chronic phase is marked by high levels of Numb expression whereas the blast crisis phase has low levels of Numb expression, and that ectopic expression of Numb promotes differentiation and impairs advanced-phase disease in vivo. As a possible explanation for the decreased levels of Numb in the blast crisis phase, we show that NUP98-HOXA9, an oncogene associated with blast crisis CML, can trigger expression of the RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (Msi2), which in turn represses Numb. Notably, loss of Msi2 restores Numb expression and significantly impairs the development and propagation of blast crisis CML in vitro and in vivo. Finally we show that Msi2 expression is not only highly upregulated during human CML progression but is also an early indicator of poorer prognosis. These data show that the Musashi-Numb pathway can control the differentiation of CML cells, and raise the possibility that targeting this pathway may provide a new strategy for the therapy of aggressive leukaemias.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918284/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918284/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ito, Takahiro -- Kwon, Hyog Young -- Zimdahl, Bryan -- Congdon, Kendra L -- Blum, Jordan -- Lento, William E -- Zhao, Chen -- Lagoo, Anand -- Gerrard, Gareth -- Foroni, Letizia -- Goldman, John -- Goh, Harriet -- Kim, Soo-Hyun -- Kim, Dong-Wook -- Chuah, Charles -- Oehler, Vivian G -- Radich, Jerald P -- Jordan, Craig T -- Reya, Tannishtha -- AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA122206/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA140371/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA18029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK63031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP1 CA174422/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430-02/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1OD006430/OD/NIH HHS/ -- HL097767/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA018029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA140371/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007184-33/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-010006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-020006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-030006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-040006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-050006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):765-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09171. Epub 2010 Jul 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20639863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blast Crisis/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; *Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Disease Progression ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics/metabolism ; Prognosis ; RNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Notch1/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2006-04-08
    Description: The selection and assembly of materials are central issues in the development of smaller, more flexible batteries. Cobalt oxide has shown excellent electrochemical cycling properties and is thus under consideration as an electrode for advanced lithium batteries. We used viruses to synthesize and assemble nanowires of cobalt oxide at room temperature. By incorporating gold-binding peptides into the filament coat, we formed hybrid gold-cobalt oxide wires that improved battery capacity. Combining virus-templated synthesis at the peptide level and methods for controlling two-dimensional assembly of viruses on polyelectrolyte multilayers provides a systematic platform for integrating these nanomaterials to form thin, flexible lithium ion batteries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nam, Ki Tae -- Kim, Dong-Wan -- Yoo, Pil J -- Chiang, Chung-Yi -- Meethong, Nonglak -- Hammond, Paula T -- Chiang, Yet-Ming -- Belcher, Angela M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 12;312(5775):885-8. Epub 2006 Apr 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601154" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Bacteriophage M13/chemistry/genetics ; Capsid Proteins/chemistry ; *Cobalt/chemistry ; Crystallization ; Electric Conductivity ; *Electric Power Supplies ; Electrochemistry ; *Electrodes ; Gold ; Lithium ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; *Nanostructures ; *Nanotechnology ; *Oxides/chemistry ; Peptide Library ; Protein Engineering ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-03-17
    Description: As collisions between electrons and neutral particles constitute one of the most representative physical phenomena in weakly ionized plasma, the electron-neutral (e-n) collision frequency is a very important plasma parameter as regards understanding the physics of this material. In this paper, we measured the e-n collision frequency in the plasma using a calibrated cutoff-probe. A highly accurate reactance spectrum of the plasma/cutoff-probe system, which is expected based on previous cutoff-probe circuit simulations [Kim et al ., Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 , 131502 (2011)], is obtained using the calibrated cutoff-probe method, and the e-n collision frequency is calculated based on the cutoff-probe circuit model together with the high-frequency conductance model. The measured e-n collision frequency (by the calibrated cutoff-probe method) is compared and analyzed with that obtained using a Langmuir probe, with the latter being calculated from the measured electron-energy distribution functions, in wide range of gas pressure.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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