ALBERT

Description: Caspian trout (Salmo trutta caspius) is one of valuable fishes of the Caspian sea for people living in the Northern coastal area of Iran. Since fish stock and natural resources protection is one the Iranian fisheries research objectives, the most activity on Caspian trout rehabilitation was focused on releasing thousands of smolts in the rivers discharge to Caspian Sea. Catch statistics of this species has declined over last decades thus this study on quality of provided brood stocks and producing fries with suitable quality can help rehabilitation and rearing of this valuable species. Several rivers were considered for providing brooders to keep genetic resources variety of sea stocks. In spawning season 25 (9 male, 16 female) and 30 (5 male, 25 female) brooders were collected from fishermen in Mazandaran rivers and Gyilan coasts provinces respectively. After propagation and larvae rearing, 11500 (10-15 g.) and 50000 (less than 10 g.) juveniles were released in Gyilan and Mazandaran rivers respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was conducted to determine physico-chemical characteristics of water and their spatial and temporal fluctuations in the Mazandaran coastal of Caspian Sea in 6 months, four seasons at 4 transects (Tonekabon, Nowshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad) during 2012-2013. 72 samples were collected at surface layer of water in 5, 15 and 30m depths. Then the sampls analyzed based on standard methods. Results showed that the mean of water and air temperature were 19.46±0.85 and 20.25±0.78 ◦C, respectively. Minimum and maximum of water temperature were recorded in winter (7.00) and summer time (28.10). Mean of salinity was 12.35±0.13 ppt. The maximum salinity was recorded in summer and minimum in winter in all transects. Mean of transparency (SD) in the present study was 2.63±0.18m. The mean of pH was observed 8.51±0.02 which was higher than the pervious sampling periods. The mean of DO was observed 6.00±0.07 ml/l during sampling period. Annual concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN= NH4 +, NO2-, NO3-) has a fairly wide variation in diferents months and transects. Percentage of nitrogen components out of DIN were varied 6-53, 0.14-26.0 and 37.0-94.0 respectively. In this study, percentage of DIN was lower than 15% and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was higher than 80%. Mean of annual dissolved inorganic phosphorous (DIP) and organic phosphorous were 0.58± 0.04 and 0.48± 0.02 µM, respectively. DIP and DOP percentages recorded 54 and 46 respectively. Mean annual of dissolved silicon (DSi) obtained 9.5± 0.2 µM. Based on the results, the system was in phosphorus limitation during spring and summer but it shifted to nitrogen limitation in autuman and winter. Phytoplankton development was not limited by DSi at any seasons.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to domesticate Litopenaeus vannamei as a solution to single species shrimp aquaculture of Penaeus indicus and to reduce risk of shrimp culture in emergency cases, this study was carried out. Initially the postlarvae reared from imported L. vannamei were cultured. After culture season the adult shrimps were transported to greenhouse ponds for wintering. It is then relocated to hatchery saloon. After eye stalk ablation and maturation the female brood stocks were introduced to matured male for copulation at ponds. During the study period, male and female shrimps attained full maturation at end – April by temperature over 25ºC, the copulation process was started significantly. Finally of the 12 instances of copulation, one instance resulted nauplii production. The best maturation was observed at 28 ֯C ±1 and salinity30 to 33PPT and pH of 8 to 8.3 Fresh sea worms and squid showed the highest effect on fecundity in brood stocks. Besides, the spring season was obtained to be the best period for brood stock production in Bushehr province.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Following to introduce Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) into Iran aquaculture industries by fisheries organization its postlarvae were successfully reared in ponds in Bushehr and Choebdeh in Khuzestan. Due to activity of Shrimp site and importance of input and output water quality, this study was done in 11 stations including: two stations in Bahmanshir river, two station in C4 and C5 irrigation canals, six staions in active farms along C4 cannel (Yonesi, Mosavei and Salman Zadeh), and C5 cannel (Mohamadi, Khairi and Ashraf Por) and one staion in output draing were selected. Sampling were carried out from May2009 befor beginning stocking to harvest time in October 2009. Physico- chemical parameters and plankton sampled biweekly and benthic animals and heavy metals were sampled monthly. Some parameters such as pH and temperature by using portable multy parameters and others. Analyzed with standard methods. Heavy metals were measured by plarography method (797 Vamtro). Plankton and benthos samples were studied only in Bahmanshir station. According to results the maximum values for DO (11.1 ppm) PO4 (1.86 ppm) NO3 (8.4 ppm) and TSS (4992 ppm), pH (8.4) NO2 (0.18 ppm) BOD5 (9.06 ppm) were measured. In comparison to aquaculture water quality standards except for TSS in river stations others are located in allowable range. We didn’t observed any main changes in water quality from river to output drainage. The results of biotic parameters in river stations showed that diatoms were the most group of phytoplanktons. Zooplankton groups were Copepods, Rotifera and Protozoa. Tintinids and Nematoda larvae were the most abundant zooplankton. Benthic animals were included nine crustacean species and two annelid species. Isopods with 52% were the most and ant group.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The brine shrimp Artemia consists of a number of bisexual species and a large number of parthenogenetic forms, which collectively, inhabiting a wide range of hypersaline habitats. This research was carried out in order to study the genetic differentiation of Artemia urmiana and two parthenogenetic populations originated from surrounding lagoons of the Lake Urmia (Fesendoz, Saray village) and also to find the phylogenetic relationships of some Iranian Artemia (Qom, Arak, Golestan, and Shiraz) with a comparison to some foreign Artemia species (A. sinica, A. franciscana, A. parthenogenetica (Russia and Turkmenistan) using a molecular technique (PCRRAPD`s). Of a total number of 56 random primers (10 bp) survey, 29 and 26 oligonucleotides showed polymorphic patterns with highly reproducible bands in Artemia urmiana groups and Iranian Artemia groups.The highest percentage of polymorphic loci were in Artemia urmiana (P= 78.89 %) and in comparison with the other parthenogenetic forms, in parthenogenetic Artemia from Saray village (P= 59.8 %). The highest values of Shannon index were estimated in Artemia urmiana (I= 0.41), and in comparison with other parthenogenetic forms, in parthenogenetic Artemia from Saray village (I= 0.3). Analysis of molecular variance indicated that most variation were within populations (A. urmiana with parthenogenetic forms, FST= 0.35) and among populations (Iranian Artemia with foreign species, FST= 0.76). Genetic pattern was not in accordance to geographical distribution, which indicated the wide range of Artemia samples at different regions in Iran. UPGMA showed two distinct clusters in group I including A. urmiana with two parthenogenetic forms and four clusters in group II including Iranian Artemia with some foreign species. It is understood that two parthenogenetic populations (Fesendoz and Saray village) had close genetic relationship together with high value of heterozygosity in parthenogenetic Artemia from Saray village. Iranian Artemia (Qom, Arak, and Golestan) indicated close genetic relationships with A. parthenogenetica (Russia and Turkmenistan) with low values of heterozygosity. A sister group was generated including Shiraz and USA Artemia samples which attests a possible contamination of local water with A. franciscana. FST value revealed high genetic structuring at all studied groups. Besides, it is suggested that gene flow was not strong enough to prevent substantial genetic differentiation. Result could lead to a management programmes to use suitable Artemia strains with high genetic diversity, for culturing and establishment of gene bank of Artemia stocks in Lake Urmia.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study investigates the distribution of three trace elements (Cd, Cu and Zn) in tissues (exoskeleton, abdominal muscle and hepatopancreas) of two shrimp species (Penaeus merguiensis and Penaeus semisulcatus). Special emphasis in this study was placed on evaluating the effects of storage conditions on redistribution of the elements and moreover, the potential roles of metallothionein in tissue redistribution. The specimens were collected from the northern part of Persian Gulf during August 2001 and September 2002. The concentrations of metals in the tissues were measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP-AES) and an ICP-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Metallothionein levels were determined using Differential Pulse Polarography. Results show a similar hierarchy for Cd and Cu concentrations among different tissues as follows: hepatopancreas〉 exoskeleton〉 muscle; and for Zn, the hepatopancreas again contained the highest levels, though there were not any significant differences in Zn concentrations between muscle and exoskeleton. Significant differences were found between the species in the case of Cd and Zn concentrations. Cd and Zn levels in P. semisulcatus were markedly higher than in P. merguiensis. In general, there were highly significant differences among the storage conditions from accumulation the selected trace elements and metallothionein in both species point of view, but in most cases no significant differences could be observed among the fresh, refrigerated and frozen specimens of P. semisulcatus. In regards to Zn and Cu accumulation in edible (muscle) tissues of P. merguiensis, optimum conditions for frozen storage is -30ºC as ice frozen, and in terms of short term storage, one day refrigeration is recommended. The redistribution of Zn and Cu during the storage period can be attributed to the role of metallothionein in their transport from organ(s) to muscle during storage. The variations in pH values measured in the muscle of P. merguiensis in different storage conditions showed a similar trend with metallothionein, Zn and Cu. In contrast it appears that cadmium is transported from muscle to the other tissues. Exoskeleton is probably one of the recipient tissues of cadmium. The inter-elemental relationships were assessed for each species, separately. A significant positive relationship was observed between the concentrations of Zn and metallothionein in P. semisulcatus, whereas in P. merguiensis, Cd concentrations decreased significantly with increasing metallothionein. Highly significant differences between the sexes in Cu and Zn contents could be detected. Highly significant size-related differences were found in the levels of Cd, Cu and metallothionein in the selected tissues of the shrimp species. Comparison between the mean concentrations of the elements in muscle tissue and existing guidelines indicate that in nearly all cases the concentrations were well below permissible levels for human consumption. The only exception was observed regarding mean values of Cd, which was somewhat greater than some of the recommended levels.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: An artificial Reef is a fabricated, underwater structure, typically built for promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom. Creating artificial reefs began from 2000 in southern provinces in Iran. This study has surveyed about the Bushehr and Khozestan states. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of artificial reefs in attracting and enhancing the production different aquatics through increasing of fish assemblage and fishery. The performance of artificial reefs deployed off the coast of the Persian Gulf in 10 to 15m, was evaluated. The reefs comprised of seven artificial and one control (natural) statistical tests plan in three replicates. Three types of artificial reefs were used in this study. That two were designed reefs and one was not designed or used material. The experimental plan consisted (i) Reef ball (R), designed hemispherical shaped; (ii) Laneh Mahi (L), designed pyramid shaped; (iii) Used material (U); (iv) mixed (RL); (v) mixed (RU); (vi) mixed (LU); (vii) mixed (RLU); and (viii) control site (CS). Trap nets and under-water visual census surveys were adopted for seasonal sampling of fish aggregation. Results of statistical analysis using ANOVA and T-test of the mean Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) showed significant difference (p〈0.05) in term of computing number of fish for aggregation of fishes. The study has concluded that reef deployments have influenced favorably the fish communities and fish harvests. Therefore, the artificial reefs, especially the mixed RLU, are appropriate tools for future fishing enhancement in the Persian Gulf of Iran.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: To accomplish the stock assessment that pre-planned for bony-fish resources investigation started by considering two pivotal act. First gathering biometric data and second using catch statistics information for stock analyses. Implementing the research programmes five itinerant groups in Anzali, Keyashahr, Noshahar, Babolsar, Torkaman have been organized during fishing season. The biometric data were supplied in computer that distincted by each fish species and subdivided into age groups. In analyses the samples, Bertalanffy formula used for calculating average length and age, also for growth coefficient. Total mortality rate calculated by using Pauly formula, and the biomass status estimated through Cohort analysis. The catch by beach seiner cooperatives recorded 8630 metric tons, but estimation including. Poacher catch raised the harvest to 15.6 thousand tons. The total catch of Kutum reduced by 1400 tons compared with previous year, but the estimation revealed the biomass of Kutum 18.5 thousand tones, the stock stowed reduction in quantity relative to past years. Harvest exceeding the limit, fishing pressure. And employing higher fishing effort, combining releasing the Kutum seedling with shorter average length in recent years, leaded the shrinkage of biomass of Kutum resources. The Golden Grey mullet catch has been estimated 3437 metric tons, the figure showed 1500 tons increment, in comparison with previous year, nearly 24% of catch was shorter than Lm50% of this species. In Guilan province higher number of sub - size golden mullet captured, this development occured less in Mazandaran and Golestan province. Higher rate of exploitation, reduction of catch in recent years, dominating small size fish in catch composition indicated the population undergoing stress in ecosystem. Thin - lipped grey mullet only comprised 9.2% of the mullet catch - Length - structure of this fish species population formed mainly by young small size fish, the biomass of latter estimated 1100 metric tons. Catch further than maximum sustainable yield, by higher exploitation rate, and gradual diminishing of harvest, represented the resources of this fish species suffering both by high fishing pressure and un - sustainable effort, which ultimately declined the fishery of this fish species. Carp catch and its resources in Anzali region become very low, it is necessary to enhance the stock by Sea-ranching programmes. The carp resources in Gorgan region enjoy better status, but catch practices do not compatible with rule and regulation in Gorgan and Gomeyshan area. The standing stock of Gorgan carp estimated nearly 6000 tons. The information concerning carp resources indicate the stock experiencing pressure and likely the catch will diminish in future. The total catal catch of carp calculated 1900 tons. In recent years the Caspian roach resources are increasing but the bulk of harvest fished illegally and by gill - nets. The total catch of the roach during 1998-1999 estimated 1700 tons. Considering the semi - artificial propagation of roach in Golestan province, if has been concluded the multiplication of this fish species also should be planned by fisheries authorities for Anzali region. It is also advisable catching of this fish species to be regulated soon and selective catch are proposed. The catch of pike - perch during the year of 1997 - 98 jumped to 95 tons, but 90% of catch formed by young fish or sub – standard length size. Almost, all the increment of catch attributed to the releasing of millions of seedlings in the Sea which the plan has been implemented by Iranian Fisheries. Increasing the numbers of released seedlings, with higher average weight Identification of most suitable site for unloading the fries could ensure better survival rate and contribute the enhancement of resources and produce good catch for this desirable fish species. The total catch of Bream hit 18 tons, but most of the catch comprised by young fish with sub - standard size. The present formation of fisheries population of bream are the result of seedling releasing! In the Sea by Iranian Fisheries, since the catch of bream are negligible despite releasing programmes of seedling in a decade which 14million individuals until now, one could conclude the programmes do not contributed effectively to stock rehabilitation. The Caspian Barbus (Barbus brachycephalus) are at the threshold 01 vanishing, at present a few numbers are caught, therefore B.capito appeared in catch composition. The catch of latter species in recent two years are increasing. Total catch during the year of 1998 - 99 estimated 34.5 tons, biomass calculated 93 tons. Caspian vimba are small size fish which beach seiner (mesh size in bosom 30 millimeters) could not capture them ideally, bulk of the catch caught in illegal manner by gill nets. The total catch estimated 154 tons which the present fishing procedures surpassed total allowable catch (136 tons). In recent years the catch of this fish species are increasing. "Shemaya' similar in size with Vimba are caught less by beach seiner, illegal catch are considerable, the total catch in 1998 - 99 estimated 86 tons. The level of harvesting of this fish species are increasing in recent years and its population size become significant relative to last years. The main part of catch concerning Aspius fish species occured in Guilan coastal area, high fishing pressure reduced the population size, including low discharge of water in rivers during spawning period, impact negatively to reproduction. Catch statistic in 1989 showed 128 tons of this fish species are caught but in 1998 - 99 it has been reduced to 6.8 tons. It has been suggested artificial spawning could prevent its fate as endangering species. Caspian salmon catch estimated 78 tons during 1998 - 99, salmon population in Caspian Sea are supported by releasing reared smolts, which in recent years nearly 500 thousands fingerlings released in suitable rivers. After banning the gil nets application in Southern Caspian Sea, the catch of salmon in beach seining are increasing. It is necessary the released smolts in rivers being protected for its safe approach to Caspian Sea. The total catch of herring fish species in 1998 - 99 were nearly 700 tons. The bulk of the catch occur In Guilan fishing area, elimination of gill - nets usage in Southern Caspian Sea contributed the increment of herrings catch in beach seining. The herring resources in Caspian Sea reduced relative to past decades. The catch during 1913 – 1916 ranged between 130 - 160 thousand tons, in Caspian Sea.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Protecting coastal aquaculture systems as a habitat for aquatic systems is one of the serious concerns of the world. In the present study, spatial and temporal variations of Some physicochemical parameters, nutrient concentration and water quality In some estuaries of East and West of Hormozgan province were investigated from March 2015 to February 2016.Data analysis was performed using multivariate statistical methods (such as: CA,DA and PCA Analysis) and Eutrophication and water quality index using multivariable indices. The average annual variation of various parameters studied in West Azarbaijan province of Hormozgan is as follows:water temperature (18.1-34.6Co ), Salinity (35-45.6 ppt), Dissolved Oxygen (4.6-7.4 mg.l), pH (8.01-8.4), Nitrate (32.5- 403.5µmo.l), Nitrite (3.6-50.7 µmo.l), Total Ammonia (9.8-311.2 µmo.l), phosphate (22-569.1.6 µmo.l), and chlorophyll-a is equal to(0.46-4.04 mg.m3 ), respectively.Also, the mean annual variation of the various parameters studied in the eastern province of Hormozgan has been as follows: water temperature (18.1-34.6Co ), Salinity (35-45.6 ppt), Dissolved Oxygen (4.6-7.4 mg.l), pH (8.01-8.4), Nitrate (32.5-403.5µmo.l), Nitrite (3.6- 50.7 µmo.l), Total Ammonia (9.8-311.2 µmo.l), phosphate (22-569.1.6 µmo.l), and chlorophyll-a is equal to(0.46-4.04 mg.m3 ), respectively. One-Way Analysis of Variance test showed that the significant for some differences physicochemical parameters varied seasonally.Discriminant analysis, water quality conditions in terms of location classified into three groups.The analysis of PCA showed that the amount of nitrate and total ammonia in the tiba and phosphate in Laft and Kgamir Stricks with two sources (domestic and agricultural waste) and natural sources, can be considered as the main factors affecting the intensity of Eutrofication.The range of trophic Trix and TI eutrophication index in the studied areas were 4.3-6.1 and 3.5-4.2 respectively.According to on the indicators of and TI index, trophic status was classified into mesotrophic(in laft and khamir areas), Oligo-Mezotrophic(Yekshoveh area) and mezo- eutrophic respectively. Also Based on Trix index, the Water quality status was from bad condition in tiab area and good condition in laft, khamir and yekshoveh areas respectively. The determination of trophic conditions with a single-variable method based on chlorophyll a and Total inorganic Dissolved materials(DIN) showed a Very good agreement with multivariate trophic indices.The range of changes in some of the parameters studied in this study was more than the reported limit for the conservation of aquatic life in coastal areas.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Feeding habits of three dominant species of tuna fishes (Thunnus tonggol, Thunnus albacares, Euthynnus affinis) and dominant species of sardine (Sardinella sindensis) were investigated from December 2006 to November 2007 in the western waters of Oman Sea. Seasonally samples of three species of these tuna and monthly samples of sardine were collected. Feeding studies on 101 longtail tuna (T.tonggol) indicated that the bony fishes were main food of this species (98.3%) and followed by random foods included cephalopods (1.7%) and crustaceans (1.7%). Among the bony fishes, anchovy (66 %) and sardines (25.9 %) were most important than the other fishes. FI and CV for this species were calculated 26.4 and 21.8 respectively. Stomach content analysis of 85 specimens of E.affinis demonstrated that bony fishes were only food for this species (100%). Sardines (49.3%) and anchovy (11.9%) were foremost food items for E.affinis. Moreover FI and CV were calculated 64.7 and 15.3 correspondingly. The stomach of 120 yellowfin tuna (T.albacares) were analyze. Results showed that bony fishes,cephalopods and crustaceans were formed food items of this species .Yellowfin tuna were preferable fed on bony fishes (87.7%) specially sardines(41.2%),flying fish(13.9%)and M.cordyla(10.4%) and followed by cephalopoda (43.8%) specifically Loligo sp.(84.5%) and crustaceans(11.2%) . FI and CV were calculated 38.3 and 25.8.Study on 320 stomachs were determined that zooplankton and phytoplankton formed food of S.sindensis. Zooplankton (crustacean and molluscs) were main food (90%) and phytoplankton (Bacillariophyceae and Dynophyceae) were least food items (10%). Copepoda (crustaceans) with 58% were preferable food and bivalves and after that bivalves (molluscs) with 14%, Bacillariophyceae (8%) and Cyanophyceae (2%) CV and FI were 30.3 and 29.4 respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Barcodes are short segments of DNA that can be used to uniquely identify an unknown specimen to species, particularly when diagnostic morphological features are absent. These sequences could offer a new forensic tool in plant and animal conservation especially for endangered species. Ideally, barcodes could be used to positively identify illegally obtained material even in cases where diagnostic features have been purposefully removed or to release confiscated organisms into the proper breeding population. In the present study molecular data were used besides the morphological ones to introduce a specific barcode for six selected species of Shrimp. Based on the previous phylogenetics study, it has been proved that the mitochondrial COI gene in crustacean is a good discriminative marker at both inter- and intra-specific levels. In this regard, six species of shrimp (Fenoro penaeus indicus, Fenoro penaeus merguensis, penaeus semisulcatus, Metapenaeus affinis, Marsupenaeus japonicas, Fenoro penaeus penicillatus were collected from the Persian Gulf and Oman sea. After identification, the total DNA was extracted; COI gene was first amplified and then sequenced for each species. Finally the collected data were analyzed with the specific phylogenetic software. Molecular analysis revealed some degree of interpopulation differences but six good species were recognizable based on COI sequences. Also for population study molecular data of two species Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus affinis were analysed base on COI RFLP and 16SrRNA sequences respectively. The results would be helpful to protect shrimp species.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The effects of added artificial substrates on juvenile white Indian shrimps (Penaeus indicus) were evaluated. .....

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The shrimp farming success in the future will greatly depend upon increasing supplies of healthy and high quality seed for stocking ponds. The limited and inconsistent availability of wild shrimp postlarvae together with an urgent need of establishing selective breeding programs, increased the interest in captive broods of penaeid. Many investigations have been carried out on several shrimp species world-wide. This study have been conducted on 2 shrimp groups since September (Mehr) to July (Tir) 1999 in Bandar-e-Imam southwest Iran. The wild group (SPB) prepared from Jask area and the pond group (POB) prepared from artificial ponds upon harvesting them as marketable size have been investigated. 2 groups were exposed to natural diets consisting of squid and artemia biomass in same conditions using 12 m3 concrete tanks. Stocking density was 2 piece/m2 (1F:1M). Half part of the pond bottom covered by fine sand to reduce the stress where the other part has been used for feeding. Daily ration given in 3 times by satiation method. Also reproductive performance of wild gravid brooders (WLB) were recorded as a control group. 2 examined groups well grown and around 50% of the SPM and around 30% of POB females successfully ripened a produced eggs and nauplii where almost all males of both groups were matured. Data showed fecundity is highly correlated to the TL and W of the brooders by positive trend. Considering the TL, W, Fecundity and nauplii production the WLB brooders are significantly (P=0.05) higher than 2 other groups, while the SPM broods are significantly (P=0.05) higher in hatchability. Meanwhile the survival rate from nauplii to postlarvae stage was around 30% for SMP brooders. On the other hand the growth parameters (TL, W) of the marketable size of the shrimps produced from SMP brooders were significantly (P=0.05) higher than those produced from WLB group. Since the fecundity is improvable by increasing the brood size thus the data suggest the sup.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Study of survey health management and diseases in hatcheries and fish farms can help us to knowledge and application control methods such as: prevention, treatment and increase high levels of production in hatchery and farms, finally. This survey carried out from 2005 to 2008 for 4 years in sturgeon hatcheries and farms of Golestan province. Sturgeon fishes include Huso Huso, Ship sturgeon, Acipenser persicus collected and for virology, bacteriology, fungius and hematology examined. Also, physicochemical parameters measured and recorded in different stages of culture. Results of this study showed that all of samples in virology was negative and did not observe any doubetful causes. In bacteriology CFU was variation from 3/9 ×105 to 6/9×10. The most parasites that detected in this survey was Cocolanus espherolanus , Sceria binopsulus semiarmatus and Amphilina fuliacea that separates from Acipenser Percicus, especially. The results about hematology parameters some important hematological indices of ship sturgeon include: The total RBC for female and mail specimens measured as 5.3±1.5 ×105, 4.8±0.5 ×105 per mm 3 respectively. The amount of haematocrit and hemoglobin for female and mail determined: 34.3±2.8, 35±1.4 percent and 10.3±0.9, 8.9±0.8 gr/dl .The MCV: 216.3± 96.2, 736.5± 102.5, MCH: 720.2±309.5, 186±0.7 and MCHC: 30±0.8, 25.5±3.4 percent respectively.The total WBC were (female, male): 21320±1054, 20580±777 per mm 3 and neutrophil: 16.4±2.5, 17±1.4 percent and lymphocyte: 74.4±2.4, 73.5± 0.7 percent and eosinophil: 6±1.4, 6.4±0.5 percent, monocyte: 2.8±0.8, 3.5±0.7 percent. There was not any significant differences (p〉0.05) between mentioned parameters in male and female (students t-test). Also evaluation of hematological parameters in bluga ( Huso huso) include: total RBC were (male , female) 5±0.3 ×105 , 4.9±0.6 ×105 per mm 3 ,respectively and hematocrit: 33.2±6.7 , 35.4±3.4 percent and hemoglobin: 11.2±1.5 , 12.2±1gr/dl and MCV: 669.9±172.2, 723.9±982.4 and MCH: 226.2±42.5, 249.5±35.4 and MCHC: 34.1±2.4, 34.6±3.6 percent respectively. The totals WBC were (male, female): 24800±707.1, 23042±1375.4 per mm 3 and neutrophil: 18.5±0.7, 21.4±1.1 percent and lymphocyte: 73.5±1.4, 68.4±1.1 percent and eosinophil: 5±2.8, 7±1.2 percent and monocyte: 3.5±3.5, 3.2±0.8 percent. According to statistically study the count of lymphocyte had significant difference between male and female fish and this count in male was higher than female. (p≥0.05).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Protection authorities of plant and animal genetic resources and conservation of biodiversity as national assets by using biotechnology techniques is the most important objectives of genetic data information bank. Establishment of shrimp species genetic data bank, makes possibility of study multiple genes such as economic genes and since knowledge of genetic variation within and among populations and barcoding species of shrimp are very important for species conservation and with so little researches of Asia in the global studies of DNA barcoding and animal taxonomy in Iran, In this study, Iran shrimp genetic diversity and genetic data bank was done. DNA barcode is a short, standard well known sequence of cytochrome oxidase І gene. By using this DNA sequence can be realized that each animal, plant or fungus belongs to which species. Also prepare a bank of genetic data shrimp pathogens and maintenance of these strains are steps to advance future researches in the fields of pathogenesis mechanism of pathogens, diagnosis, treatment, Disease prevention, production diagnosis native kits and detection of emerging and reemerging diseases its origins. So in this plan samples were collected from imported cultured shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and and 6 Persian Gulf and Oman Sea shrimp species which classified based on traditional systematically as: Penaeus semisulcatus, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, Metapenaeus affinis, Parapenaeopsis Stylifera and Fenneropenaeus indicus. After examination of DNA barcode sequence, molecular and bioinformatics operations of each sequence in the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), phylogenetic analysis of each sample was determined and similarity of each sample with NCBI and CBOL database was checked and the closest species to each sample were specified. According to the results different samples of L. vannamei, . banded P.semisulcatus, F. merguiensis and F. indicus have more than 97% similarity to the same species of other countries. non banded P.semisulcatus had 80.07% similarity to banded P.semisulcatus, M. affinis samples had 90.3% similarity to Metapenaeus ensis and Parap. Stylifera had 93.44% similarity to Parapenaeopsis coromandelica in the CBOL. This funding confirmed the need for further investigation and possible announcement of new species. By using ribotyping technique, native isolated pathogenic bacteria and fungi were identified and recorded in the gene bank database center. During sampling of shrimp and water of Specific Pathogen Free shrimp center, 40 bacterial strains were isolated, which 8 of them had the most frequency and identification based on 16S rDNA sequencing was performed. Bacteria identified are: Vibrio nigripulchritudo strain IS013(GenBank:KP843725) ،Vibrio brasiliensis strain IS014 (GenBank:KR186076) ،Vibrio rotiferianus strain IS015 (GenBank:KR186077) ،Vibrio azureus strain IS012 (GenBank:KJ018724.1) ،Vibrio owensii strain IS016 (GenBank:KR186078) ،Agarivorans gilvus strain IS017 (GenBank:KR186079) ،Vibrio brasiliensis IS018 (GenBank:KR186080) and Vibrio alginolyticus strain IS019 (GenBank:1817854), which were recorded in The World Bank genes. In this study fungal isolates were not detected.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Neogobius caspius is a small benthic fish that is native to the Caspian Sea. The importance of this fish is because of it is role as a main food resource of the Sturgeon fish. The genetic diversity of N.caspius populations in the Caspian Sea was studied using microsatellite technique. In the study 95 Samples of Neogobius caspius from two regions (torkman port and Chalus) in south Caspian Sea were collected. DNA was extracted using 12 pairs of microstellite primers polymerase chain Reaction (PCR) was conducted. DNA Bands were analyzed using uvdoct and GenAlEx software package. Out of 12 microsatellite primers, 11 loci were produced, in which 5 of them were polymorphic ,6 monomorph and one of them showed smear. Average of observed and expected hetrozygosity was 0/798 and 0/843 respectively. Significant genetic differences between 2 regions was observed (P 0/01). Deviations from hardy- Weinberg equilibrium were in all cases. These results indicate that at least, 2 population of Neogobius caspius exist in the south Caspian sea.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Gillan , Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces have temperate climate, thus they have more potential for aquatic animal culture. There are thousands hectare of lands for Aquaculure and fisheries in adjacent to Caspian Sea in this provinces. these areas(North alborz) have provided a favorable back ground for aquatic animal breeding and stock enhancement of species in the sea. As a result, this investigation executed during two stages (phases). At first stage, the goal of this project included the feasibility study and demonstrating the existing situation of fish stock enhancement activities in North Alborz area and second phase is to survey on distribution, and production activities of stock enhancing hatcheries as well as their constructions,and production time table. Survey was started frome 2006 to 2008 by using qestionaries in 7 hatcheries from tree provinces.results revieled that there are more than 10 species was subjected to restocking .Total releasing was about 300 millions of fry and finger lings in to the Caspian sea.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This project was carried out in order to increasing of nutritional value, taste and shelf life of cleaned Kilka Fish during cooled storage. Edible films made by Whey protein and Sodium alginate were used for fish packaging. This search carried out in two stages consisting of pre- study and study. 3, 6, 9 and 12% concentrations of Wp and 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% concentrations of SA at three times including 0, 2 and 4 hours were used in pre-study stage. The covered samples were kept in -18 ֯C. Microbial and sensory examination were carried out for a period of two months. Microbial factors were including total bacterial count, Staphylococcus bacteria count, Coliform, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas bacteria. Sensory tests consist of taste, odor, color and tissue were studied in the fish samples. 12% and 0.5 % concentrations at time = 0 of edible films made by WP and SA considered in study stage. This is can be due to the significant differences in total acceptance index of sensory tests. Control sample cleaned Kilka was packaged in disposable dishes with cellophane covers in 500gr in weight. Two selected timar and mixed cover including 12 % and 0.5 % concentrations at time = 0 of edible films by WP and SA considered in study stage. The covered samples were kept in -18 ֯C. Microbial, chemical and sensory examination were carried out for a period of six months. These factors and chemical factors consisting of humidity, protein, lipid, ash, calorie, Peroxide value, free fatty acids, thiobarbitoric acid, TVN and pH were studied in test samples compared with the control samples. Coliform, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas bacteria contamination were negative until the end of storage period in the covered samples. The mean total bacterial count and Staphylococcus bacteria counts in processed samples by WP were 2.47 and 1.61 logcfu/g, in processed samples by SA were 2.84 and 1.28 logcfu/g, in processed samples by WPSA were 2.51 and 1.44 logcfu/g, and in control samples 4.11 and 2.93 logcfu/g from 1 day until six months after processing, respectively. The mean of moisture, peroxide value, TVN, pH, free fatty acids, thiobarbitouric acid , protein, fat, ash and calorie in the covered samples by WP were 73.91%, 0.13 meq/kgoil, 9.84mg/100g, 6.15, 1.15gr/100, 0/006 mg/kg, 19.00%, 4.25%, 2.1% and 120.73 kcal/kg, in the covered samples by SA were 73.91%, 0.06 meq/kgoil, 9.84mg/100g, 6.15, 1.15gr/100, 0/006 mg/kg, 18.85%, 4.72 %, 1.90 % and 125.98 kcal/kg, in the covered samples by WPSA were 73.91%, 0.06 meq/kgoil, 9.84mg/100g, 6.15, 1.15gr/100, 0/006 mg/kg, 18.50 %, 4. 65 %, 2.25 % and 126.48 kcal/kg and in control samples 59.43%, 3.25 meq/kgoil, 16.22mg/100gr, 6.71, 9.21gr/100, 0/15mg/kg, 18.2%, 4.00%, 1.80% and 107.10 kcal/kg, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in the results of chemical experiments of the covered samples and presence of the meaningful difference at the results of the chemical experiments of the control sample, The covered samples by WP, SA and WPSA up to the end of storage period at cold-room had a favorite quality but the control samples had lost their. No statistically significant differences were observed in the WP samples compared with the WPSA samples (p〉 0.05). Samples covered by SA had better quality compared with other samples which can be due to the presence of the significant difference in total acceptance index among covered samples without considering of economical worth.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to perform the project, 446 samples of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) from 24 different regions in Iran were collected. About 2-3 g of caudal fin samples was collected from each specimen and preserved in absolute ethyl alcohol and then transferred to the genetic laboratory. Genomic DNA was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method and then DNA content and quality was determined using spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of genomic DNA fin samples was carried out using 10 pairs of microsatellite primers. All PCR products were electrophoresed on 6% polyacrylamide gel and stained with silver nitrate. Following the scoring of alleles, all parameters including allelic frequency, effective number of allele, observed and expected heterozygosity, shanon index, measurement of similarity and genetic distance and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Fst , Rst and gene flow were calculated using AMOVA analysis in the GenAlex and Popgene programs. The results showed that 8 pairs of microsatellite primers were polymorphic. In total, 50 alleles were determined with the range size of 64-280 bp. The locus omyf had maximum number of allele (26) and loci OTSG 474 and Strurruta58 had minimum number of allele (5). The observed heterozygosity was between 0.86 and 0.964. Hardy-Weinberg departure was observed for all loci from farms 18, 15, 4, E20 and 21 and were disequilibrium (P〈0.05). The farms 14, 8, 7 and 6 were equilibrium at 3 loci, but showed disequilibrium in other loci. The other farms were equilibrium at 1 or 2 loci and disequilibrium at 8 or 9 loci. The FST results showed that maximum FST (0.24) were between farms 1 and 11in which had minimum of gene flow (3.7). Minimum FST (0.04) were between farms 8 and 9 in which had maximum of gene flow (346). Based on the results of AMOVA analysis, significant differences were detected between all farms (P〈0.01). Furthermore, based on Nei 's standard (1972) maximum genetic distance (0.89) were observed between farms 2 and 11 and maximum genetic similarity (0.15) were detected between farms 3 and 4. This result suggests that the unique genetic variation of rainbow trout in hatchery farms of Iran represents a highly valuable genetic resource and provide useful information for creating a based population in the future breeding programs.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The effects of aquaculture industry on the environment were evaluated by studying the water quality of Bushehr costal water during culture season 2005 and 2006. The variations of selected parameters such as total phosphorus, ammonia, chlorophyll a, pH, salinity and... Were monitored in effluent canal, influent canal and open sea in Helleh and Mond regions as monthly. Following occurrence of White Spot Disease (W.S.D) in the shrimp ponds of Bushehr province, shrimp culture suspended and entrance of effluent waters completely were blocked since August 2005, despite the absence of aquaculture sewage evaluation of environment and sampling were continued. During releasing of sewage of shrimp ponds to the coastal waters of Bushehr in Jun 2005, the average amount of ammonia in Helleh and Mond were obtained to be 0.161 mg/l and 0.194 mg/l, however the average amount of total phosphorus in Helleh and Mond regions were 0.149 mg/l and 0.043 mg/l, respectively. Although effluent water suspension, amount of ammonia and total phosphorus were increased in both region especially in June 2006. Comparing present data in Jun 2005 and recorded data from culture period 1997-2003 with permitable range of municipal and aquaculture waste show that; aquaculture industry on both regions have not had any obvious negative effect on the coastal waters of Bushehr but it seems if other sources of pollutions in the region is not controlled, then the aquaculture industry can contribute to occurrence of environmental problems.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: At the present study, the environmental pollutants such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), heavy metals (during three seasons) and surfactants (during four seasons) were done 2009 to 2010 that located in Mangol Dam with longitude and latitude 52° 22' 49" N and 43° 15' 43" E, respectively. The aims of this study were to determine the seasonal pollutants matters in water samples of under-groundwater and surface water in 12 stations and the results are as follow: The maximum residues fluctuations of OCPs were determined in between all water samples such as aldrin and endrin about 1.51 and 2.85 µg/l, respectively. The mean concentration of aldrin and endrin about 0.66 ± 0.59 and 0.71 ± 1.07 µg/l, respectively were determined. The maximum seasonal concentration of OCPs were detected in fall, winter and spring for such as endosulfan sulfate, γ-BHC, heptachlor, endrin aldehyde compounds about 2.85, 0.34, 0.14 and 0.14µg/l, respectively. The maximum seasonal percentage range of OCPs were detected in fall, winter and spring in water samples such as endosulfan sulfate, DDD and β-BHC were 42, 25 and 25 %, respectively. The maximum seasonal concentrations of Zn and Fe elements were detected in spring about 1.12 and 8.22 µg/l, respectively. Also for Hg in spring was determined about 17.2 mg/l. The mean concentration of Zn, Fe and Hg in water sampled were 0.23 ± 1.01 and 1.21 ± 2.00 µg/l, respectively and 4.65± 6.38 mg/l. The maximum seasonal percentage range of heavy metals were detected in fall, winter and spring in water samples such as Ni, Zn and Fe were 66, 83 and72%, respectively. The maximum seasonal concentrations of heavy metal were detected in Sorkhroud and Polechelave stations during fall, winter and spring for only Fe about 1.48, 3.3 and 8.22 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentration of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) in last month of summer was 971µg/l. The mean concentration of surfactant during fall, winter , spring and summer was 418.62 ± 52.16 µg/l. The maximum seasonal percentage range of surfactant uring fall, winter, spring and summer in all stations of sampling were 76, 76, 100 and 100 %, respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Study of M. affinis was carried out from June 2001 to December 2002 in two sampling areas of Khouzestan coastal waters. In this period, 18 cruises in Life- Buseif (western coastal area) and 13 cruises in Bahrekan (eastern coastal area) were came by using shrimp trawl net. In Life- Buseif fishing area, the CPUE of total shrimp was the highest (27.8 kg/ h) in September 2001. This parameter estimated 17.4 kg/ h for M.affinis in March. In this area, the highest biomass of total shrimps was In April 2002 (533.3 t). This value was 380.7! for M. Affinis on March. Maximum mean length of males and females of M.affinis were observed m January (13.4 & 11.5 cm respectively). Maximum and minimum sex ratio (f: m) of this species was 2.25: I July and 0.86: I in October 2002. Relative frequency of shrimp in total catch was observed m March (52.5%) in Life- Buseif. This parameter was 27.3% in February in Bahrekan area. In Bahrekan fishing area, total shrimp CPUE was highest (7.5 kg/ h) in March, and max. CPUE for M. affinis was 6.9 kgffl in same month. Maxmum biomass of total shrimp and M. affinis were 1800.4 t and t in March Maximum length of male and female of M.qffinis were 124 and 11.3 cm in March Maximum and minimum sex ratio (f: m) of M. affinis was 3.51 in May and 09: 1 in January, March and August 2002 respectively. According to the results of this study, shrimp catch season was opened in Life- Buseif from 3rd Nov until 29th Dec 2001 and from 6th Nov until 15th Dec 2002 winter shrimp catch season has been closed in Bahrekan since 2001.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The population genetic structure of five Caspian Sea sturgeon species was investigated. Totally 1121 samples of caudal and unault's fin tissue of the sturgeons (Acipenser persicus, A. gueldenstaedtii, A. stellatus, A. nudiventris and Huso huso) were collected from the Volga River (Russia), Ural River (Kazakhstan), Kura River (Azerbaijan), Sepidrud River and the coastline of the south Caspian in the Iranian waters as well as from the sampling stations selected for the marine survey for sturgeon stock assessment in the Caspian Sea. All samples were stored in 96% ethyl alcohol and transferred to the genetic laboratory of the International Sturgeon Research Institute. Genomic DNA was extracted using phenol-chloroform method. The quality and quantity of DNA was assessed by Agarose gel (1%) electrophoresis and spectrophotometry. The population genetic structure of Ship and Persian sturgeon was studied using both PCR-RFLP (D-loop and ND5/6 gene) and microsatellite technique and that of H. huso, A. stellatus and A. persicus were studied using microsatellite technique. After amplification of genes using PCR, the RFLP technique was used to digest mtDNA using restriction enzyme. The PCR products were electrophoresed on 6% sequencing polyacrylamide gels followed by silver nitrate staining. Data for PCR-RFLP were analyzed using REAP program and those from microsatellite technique were analyzed using Gene Alex. Population genetic parameters including allele frequency, expected and observed heterozygosity, effective allele, Shannon's index were determined. Genetic identity and distance were calculated following Nei criteria and Hardy Weinberg equilibrium was tested based on X2 and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) using Reap and Gen Alex at 99% confidence limit. Phylogenetic relationship was determined and drawn using TFPGA program. The population genetic structure and genetic diversity of the 1121 sturgeon specimens were determined. Three independent populations were identified for Acipenser persicus (two populations in the south Caspian in the Iranian waters and one in the north Caspian). Three independent populations were identified for A. gueldenstaedtii (Volga, Ural and South Caspian populations) using the microsatellite technique. Population genetic structure using PCR-RFLP revealed no genetic differentiation among the A. gueldenstaedtii specimens studied from the different regions using ND5/6 gene, while two populations (Ural and south Caspian populations) were detected for this species with the same technique using D-loop genes. Four independent populations (Volga, Ural, Kura and Sepidrud populations) were reported for A. stellatus using the microsatellite technique and four more populations which most probably belong to the autumn and spring races of the above mentioned independent populations were identified for this species. The present study also identified two populations for H. huso; The North Caspian population (in Volga and Ural Rivers) and The South Caspian population (in Golestan and Guilan regions) which were significantly different from each other (P〈0.01). The genetic population structure of A. nudiventris was studied using the microsatellite and PCR-RFLP techniques which revealed two populations for this species one in the Ural River and the other in the Sepidrud River (South Caspian). Comparison of the ND5/6 and D-loop genes studies in Russian sturgeon revealed that the D-loop gene is better than the ND5/6 genes in population's differentiation and is therefore strongly recommended for population genetic studies on sturgeons in the Caspian Sea. Genetic diversity studied using microsatellite technique was higher and more accurate as compared to that using RFLP. Nevertheless the RFLP technique was able to introduce molecular markers for the population’s species pacific identification. On developing suitable primers these studies can be speeded up and the cost of such studies can be cut down. However the drawback in using microsatellite technique for population genetic studies is that it cannot introduce a molecular marker for the identification of populations. The present study was able to introduce molecular markers to differentiate the ship sturgeon population in the south Caspian from that in the Ural River using the PCR-RFLP technique Based on the results obtained it is strongly recommended that all activities related to restocking and rehabilitation of sturgeon stocks in Iran be conducted on the basis of genetic principles. Also serious and immediate measures should be taken for the restoration and conservation of rare population of native species of Iran particularly in the Sepidrud region using genetic markers before they are become extinct.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The inactivated of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) by Gama and Electron radiation and chemical material such as Formalin with antigen property have been done during last year. At the first time the stock of virus prepared and purred it. Six hundred of shrimp Fenneropenaus indicus with average weight 7 to 12 gram collected from shrimp research station in Heleh area and transported to Shrimp Research Institute in Boushehr province. Vibrio parahemolyticus obtained from Veterinary University of Tehran and then lyophilized it. The bacterial V. parahemolyticus inactivated with Gamma, electron and formalin and then injected to shrimp for activated the immune system. The source of viruses was identified through PCR, TEM and histopathology methods from the shrimp infected in 2009 occurrence of boushehr province. The virus injected to crayfish and collected the hemlymph for prepared the stock of WSSV virus. The virus was lyophilized and then exposed to gamma and electron radiation and formalin with optimal dose for inactivated the virus. The shrimp divided to 25 groups and each group consist of six shrimp and the vaccine exposed to shrimp with injected and bathroom methods and the documented the result after 15 days. In vivo virus titration was performed in Penaeus indicus. Inactivation of WSSV was carried out by a gamma cell instrument Nordian, model 220 with dose rate: 4.8 Gy/sec and activity: 20469 Ci. The LD50 of live virus stock was calculated 10 5.4 / ml and the optimum dose of gamma radiation beam to inactivate WSSV was obtained 14-15 kGy. The LD50 of live virus stock was calculated 10 5.4 / ml and the optimum dose of electron beam to inactivate WSSV was obtained 12-13 kGy and and the virus inactivated by formalin 0.5% V/V during 10 minutes.The LD50 of live virus stock was calculated by Karber method 10 3.29 /ml and 10 5.35 /ml, respectively. The V. parahemolyticus was inactivated with 8 KG. The result showed all vaccine during 2 hours have a good effect to shrimp viruses with the102.4 LD50 / 50 l titre. The result showed if the Gamma and electron vaccine increase to feed of shrimp the effect of vaccine is better than when used without feed. The end of experiment our study showed that the Gamma vaccine has the better effect to control WSSV during 2 hours with comparing the others.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: White Spot Disease (WSD) is a important disease due to economic impacts in shrimp industries. Spreading of this disease in shrimp farms can caused a 100% mortality during 3-10 days. Therefore control of this disease is a strategy in shrimp industry. Vaccination is a way to control of WSD. In several years ago during a project several type vaccine of this virus by association of Atomic Energy Organization is produced that among of them the virus inactivated by GAMA radiation had better results in laboratory. To test of this vaccine in field, a research pilot was carried out. Initially 20000 shrimp napliies were obtained from one of commercial hatchery in Bushehr province, then devided to two groups vaccinated and unvaccinated. The vaccinated group also devided . 26and PL12 , group B vaccinated at PL15and PL 5to two groups, group A that vaccinated at postlarva e (PL) Rrsults showed that difference of growth performance and survival rate between vaccinated and unvaccinated without challenge with WSV after 80 days is not significantly (P〈0.05). but survival rate in vaccinated groups after challenge with WSV was significantly (P〈0.05) further the unvaccinated group. Also the results showed survival rate of group B after challenge with WSV is better than group A and this difference was significantly (P〈0.05). this study showed vaccination of shrimp postlarvae with GAMA radiation vaccine can control of shrimp mortality in incidence of WSD in farms.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to study the Inheritance of Microsatellite Markers in the hybrid of Chalcalburnus chalcoides and Vimba vimba persa in the Southern part of the Caspian Sea, hybridization between the species was carried out during spring (2009) in Shahid Ansari reproduction and culture workstation. 30 samples from the produced larva and also small piece of dorsal and pectoral fin of their parents were collected and stored in pure ethanol (96%) and transferred to the biotechnology of the Caspian Ecology Academy. DNA was extracted from fin samples of the parents, whilst the whole F1 progeny was used to isolate the DNA by Phenol-chloroform method. Quantity and quality of extracted DNA was determined using 1% Agarose electrophorus. DNA was used for PCR ampilification of 10 microsatellite loci. The amplifications were run on 6% Polyacrylamid electrophorus. The present study showed that 7 out of 10 markers were polymorphic and variated between the parents. Goodness of fit to the Mendelian inheritance ratio was determined by X2 analysis. 4 primers were segregrated according to Mendelian expectations at a significance level of P 0.05. Based on UPGMA dendrogram (Nei, 1978) two different clusters were obtained in which Chalcalburnus chalcoides and hybrid were in the same cluster but Vimba vimba persa was in the other. It seems that Vimba vimba persa is a joint ancestor for these two. High heterozygosity presence in parents and their F1 shows the high potential of genetic variety in Chalcalburnus chalcoides and Vimba vimba persa which from the aquaculture management and conservation view is important and considering the high genetic variety in their hybrid, the hybrid has the sufficient potential for race improvement.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: For the first time white spot disease (WSD) was reported in shrimp farms of khoozestan province, in southwest of IRAN in 2002. Then in 2005 the neighbor province, boushehr, was contaminated. In 2008 WSD outbreak reported in sistan-bloochestan province in southeast of Iran. In 2015 all of southern shrimp farms of country except Hormozgan, the middle southern province, which has remained free of WSD, are being contaminated. White Spot disease suspended shrimp culture in thousands hectares of shrimp farms. Considering that white spot disease has not been observed in Hormozgan province yet, the question is; to what extent environmental and management factors participated in preventing WSD outbreak or cause WSD outbreak. In this study (20102012), the effects of environmental factors and management, stressors that decrease immune system function of shrimp are discussed. In addition, the role of pathogen as the main factor of outbreak is discussed. The goal of this study is to define environmental parameters and management practices associates with outbreak of white spot disease in affected provinces and discover reasons of being Hormozgan province free of this disease. In this study the role of the local environmental factors and management practice stressors in susceptibility to WSD was determine. Both the effects of environmental factors in water of ponds including total ammonia, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, transparency, and temperature and management issues related to biosecurity are studied. There were overlaps on physical and chemical parameter values obtained in clear areas with contaminated areas .Results of the data analysis suggest that lack of association with WSD incidence was 7 times greater than WSD incidence despite of disease outbreak in sistan-bloochestan province, so other sources of white spot disease virus incidence was suspected in affected areas. Histopathological examinations and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests during project performance did not reveal white spot disease virus evidences in post larvae examined from khoozestan province stocked in farms but disease outbreak was happened in that farms , so we suspected to management practice include feed , pond preparation and carrier of disease . Recorded values of temperature and salinity in some months during inspection in Hormozgan province specified stressful condition that may lead to WSD outbreak, however the disease did not appear. Therefore the hypothesis that the water physical and chemical conditions are reasons to prevent disease outbreak in Hormozgan province is being rejected. The policy of Hormozgan’s fishery authorities, to replaced Fenneropenaeus indicus with specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei, that is more resistant to some of diseases, before incidence of WSD in farms and to before being endemic in the Hormozgan province, made an advantage compare to affected southern provinces that introduced Litopenaeus vannamei after WSD prevalence to their farms. However it does not guarantee to maintain current trend of being Hormozgan province farms free of white spot disease. Therefore establishing the principals of biosecurity are strongly emphasized. Strategies taken by the proficient authorities in preparation of SPF shrimp broodstock can be the most important factor in preventing WSD. Regarding biosecurity principals purchased feed must be free of shrimp head powder. Construction the new shrimp farms should be as far as it could be away from contaminated areas.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The project of "Assessment of different methods of water treatment on decreasing pathogenic bacteria in shrimp hatcheries" achieved by mean of reviewing the effectiveness of various methods on the water treatment to reduce bacterial load of sea water. The project performed in Bandargah region of Bushehr province in order to checking the effect of different methods on the sea water and bacterial population. This project has been done over a year. In this study a total of 138 samples was collected during seven times and was evaluated as well as 7 treatments. In this study, the comparison of the effect of each factors (sand filter, chlorine, ultra violet ray, chlorine combined with ultra violet ray) was analyzed on the sea water by means of disinfection. During this study, other environmental factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity was measured till we can ensure that they don’t have any negative impact on the treatments. Results showed that the density of total bacteria in sea water (Control) was averagely 5187 CFU/ml, this was done while the total density of bacteria in the sea water, reservation pool sample, sand filter water, water that irradiated with ultraviolet rays, chlorinated water and the water that was influenced by both chlorine and ultra violet ray was respectively 5187 2137, 4449 2042, 2782 1335, 1164 692, 143 104, 87 76 CFU/ml. Therefore, reservation pool, sand filter, ultra violet ray, chlorine, chlorine-ultra violet ray each of them was reduce respectively 14, 46, 77, 97, 98 percent of the density of total bacteria or in other words they reduced 0.06, 0.27, 0.65, 1.56, 1.77 log of the total population of bacteria in water. Moreover, the results from the total count of vibrios showed that reservation pool, sand filter, ultra violet ray, chlorine, chlorine-ultra violet ray each of them was reduce respectively 17, 47, 74, 98, 99 percent of the density of total vibrios or in other words they reduced respectively 0.08, 0.27, 0.59, 1.66, and 1.95 log of the total population of vibrios in sea water. Also the bacteria that isolated from each treatment were identified with the use of biochemical methods that totally were includes a wide range of bacteria, the identified vibrios were: Vibrio alginolyticus, V. costicola, V. fischeri, V. fluvialis I, V. fluvialis II, V. harveyi, V. natriegens, V. nigripulchritudo, V. parahaemolyticus, V. plagius I, V. vulnificus, V. anguilarum I, V. campbellii, V. nereis, V. proteolyticus, V. splendidus, and Unknown V. spp. Other identified bacteria belonging to the following genus: Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Borkholderia, Eschricia, Enteroacter, Flavobacterium, Micococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphaphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Unknown Bacteria spp. By comparing the results, we concluded that the best result was related to treatment that the sea water had been disinfected after the combined effects of chlorine and ultraviolet ray. It was determined that this process in compared with other treatments, had been reduced the total number of bacteria, the total number of Vibrios, the number of sucrose fermentative vibrios, and the number of non-sucrose fermentative vibrios respectively 98, 99, 98, 99 percent. In other words, the number of bacteria was reduced respectively 1.77, 1.94, 1.82, 2.23 log. So in this study, the applied method was introduced as the most effective way of disinfecting sea water. Meanwhile, none of pathogenic bacteria for shrimp including Vibrio harveyi was isolated by using this treatment. Comparing the results showed that the combined effects of chlorine and ultraviolet radiation is the most effective applied method for disinfecting sea water.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The "fisheries and aquaculture industry innovation system" is one of the subsystems of Agricultural innovation system (AIS), also has many characteristics of that system .Since this section contains most of the components and AIS institutions, it can be examined as a part of the national innovation system. Due to the structure of the innovation system in the fishery system, a set of functions and institutions of this system are most important .It is therefore important that the system be analyzed and by reviewing the existing state institutions and functions of this system, the main problems and challenges identified. Understanding of the institutions and functions of fishery innovation system and analyze its problems and provide an improved model for fishery innovation system, is most activity in shaping major policy innovation in fishery sector. This step is very important to conduct innovative activities in the fishery sector. In this study, using a system perspective, the current status of the various factors affecting fishery development was assessed and the main drivers and challenges and solutions to improve the detection and analysis was provided. The results show that during the past eighty years, a number of research centers and educational institutions in the public sector have been developed .but this system, despite having considerable institutional capacity, is still in the middle stages of institutional development. In these years, the policy approach was linear, not system approach, so little attention has been to the development of science and technology intermediary institutions, coordinator organizations, venture capital funds, and the institutions of technology transfer ,particularly in the public sector.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: At present, the aquaculture industry to provide proper instructions in the field of health management, including production of Specific Pathogen Free shrimp (SPF), require sensitive and reliable methods for the detection and identification of pathogenic microorganisms. Molecular methods which used in the detection of microorganisms have a high discriminatory power in the taxonomy and in relation to libraries in the world. On the other hand, the accurate identification of microorganisms, providing the genetic data bank of shrimp pathogens and maintenance of these strains is the step to promote further research on the mechanisms of pathogenesis of pathogens, diagnosis, treatment, prevention of disease, identify indigenous production kits, diagnosis re emerging and emerging diseases and their origin. Therefore, in this project, by using ribotyping technique, native isolated pathogenic bacteria and fungi were identified and recorded in the gene bank database center. During sampling of shrimp and water of Specific Pathogen Free shrimp center, 40 bacterial strains were isolated, which 8 of them had the most frequency and identification based on 16S rDNA sequencing was performed. Bacteria identified are: Vibrio nigripulchritudo strain IS013(GenBank:KP843725), Vibrio brasiliensis strain IS014 (GenBank:KR186076), Vibrio rotiferianus strain IS015 (GenBank:KR186077), Vibrio azureus strain IS012 (GenBank:KJ018724.1), Vibrio owensii strain IS016 (GenBank:KR186078), Agarivorans gilvus strain IS017 (GenBank:KR186079), Vibrio brasiliensis IS018 (GenBank:KR186080) and Vibrio alginolyticus strain IS019 (GenBank:1817854), which were recorded in The World Bank genes. In this study fungal isolates were not detected.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: During last 65 years the catch of mullets had increasing trends with some fluctuations in the Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea .In this period about 138 thousand tons of mullets have been caught. Mullet’s account for 35% of total catch annually .In recent years species composition of mullets has chanched in the Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea and catch composition of golden grey mullet increased from 76% in 1995 to 98% in 2006. In this survey some biological characteristics of golden grey mullet have been studied in Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea .Fish samples have been gathered from commercial catch of beach seine cooperatives monthly in Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea over 2006 and 2007. In the laboratory fishes have been measured biometrically and biological parameters have been calculated .Also catch statistics of mullets during 2006-2007 have been obtained and discussed. Results showed that the catch of mullets in beach seine cooperatives during 2006 and 2007 was 4181 and 3685 tons respectively that golden grey mullet contribute 99% and 98% of the catch composition of mullets respectively. Length range of golden grey mullet caught by beach seine cooperatives was 19-50.2 cm with mean length of 32.7 ± 6.4 (± SD) and weight range was 67-1475 gr with mean weight of 411 ± 255 gr. The age structure of this species was comprised 2-10 years old fish with mean age of 4.42 years old. In this survey totally the sex ratio of male:female of golden grey mullet was 356: 434 that was significant variation from equal sex ratio. Pick of the spawning in Guilan province was in October and in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces was in November. In October the proportion of spawning females declined from western area (Guilan province) towards eastern parts (Golestan province).The highest proportion of spawning females was in December in Golestan province. The highest GSI index value was observed in September and October and it was decreased in November and December and it was consistent during January till April. The mean absolute fecundity was 700881 ± 429987 eggs with minimum and maximum fecundity of 200112 and 2282862 eggs respectively. The Lm 50% for female golden grey mullet was calculated as 33.6 cm.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Hamoun fish, Schizothorax zarudnyi, is an indigenous species of the eastern waters of Iran, which is exclusively found in this region. However recently drought occurrence in the Chahnimeh reservoirs (a semi natural water body) making them vulnerable to extinction. As an appropriate action to address this problem and according to the 3 side contract between Italian Government – UNDP - Islamic republic of Iran Government and the Italian government financial support to reduce poverty in the Province of Sistan-Baluchestan through the reinforcement and dissemination of aquaculture activities the project was developed at the Hamoun Research Unit by the Chahbahar Fisheries Research Center to record the breeding normative of 1 g weight larvae for restocking and other researching purposes. 331 broodstocks of the indigenous species Shizothorax zarudnyi weighing 800-2450 g were collected from the Chahnimeh reservoirs in early autumn, 2006. From 5/3/2007 ( the project is supported and communicated on 2010) , Ovulation was stimulated with three stimulators; pituitary extract (3-6 mg kg-1 body weight), GnRH-A (20-30 mg kg-1 body weight) and anti dopamine (10-15 mg kg-1 body weight) that was given in 2-3 doses to breeders. Of 169 injected breeders , some were injected On mid March of 2007 (12-13 ºC water tempreture) responded to the injection 25% ,while the rest were injected On April of 2008 (14-16 ºC water tempreture) responded to the injection 65%. In the present project of 167 breeders 82 were female and 87 male. Totally 30 female breeders released their eggs in different stages. 20 female breeders released their eggs completely, 3 breeders released half of their eggs and 7 released 1/3 of their eggs. The male breeders just injected in the final dose of hormontrapy and all were ready for releasing sperms however the ovulation in female breeders occurs between 353-428 h ºC and after the final dose of injection. Ripe eggs were stripped from the females and fertilization was done by the dry method. Fertilized eggs were transferred to veis incubators and troughs. Incubation period for eggs differs and larvae hatch out after about 910 days at an average water temperature of 12.5 °C. Maintained at 13-14 °C, complete absorption of yolk sac in Shizothorax zarudnyi larvae occurred after 5-8 days. Larvae were fed with a mixture of powdered milk and egg yolk in this stage followed by decapsulated Artemia cysts and nauplii of Artemia and then on formulated starter diets used for carps . Because the ponds were not ready, larvae were maintained in troughs for about ten days before they were transferred to two 1200 m2 earthen ponds where they reached a body weight of about 1 g. They were then handed over to the Iranian Fisheries department in the region. Larvae were fed with the starter feed SFCO in the earthen ponds. About 350 thousand larvae were stocked in two earthen ponds. Based on the results of present study and other studies we may conclude that artificial breeding in Schizothorax can be successfully achieved at 14-16 ºC in flow through systems using hormone therapy (combination of GnRha and anti dopamine) and larvae could be easily cultured in earthen ponds. However this species exhibits lower growth rates as compared to carps its high expenses could have an important role in economical feasible.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Babolroud River is one of the important rivers for fisheries and environmental aspect that locared in center part of Mazandaran province. The river has a span of 92 km starting from Albourz mountainous and end up at the southern part of Caspian Sea. This study was done for five months (3rd Feb. through 5th July, 2008) for the better understanding of pollution situation such as organophosphorous, organochlorine pesticides and agrochemical fertilizer that drainage from paddy fields and horticultures to the river. A total of three main sites for pesticides and plus five sub-sites for drainage were selected for observation in three different regions of the river (mountainous, plain and estuary). The organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides measured by GC (ECD and TSD detectors) with US-EPA (508) and AOAC procedure and agrochemical fertilizer parameters were measured by ASTM method. The maximum concentrations of aldrin, lindane, heptachlor epoxyde, DDE and β- BHC (period 1), δ- BHC and endrin (peiod 2), heptachlor and DDT (period 3), α- BHC (period 3 & 4), dieldrin (period 4) were 6.02, 0.85, 0.51, 0.50, 0.22, 0.35, 0.23, 0.50, 0.46, 0.19 and 0.16 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentrations of four components of organophosphorous such as Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos (period 1), Malathion (period 2), Azinphos methyl (period 3) were 1.36, 0.46, 0.44 and 2.56 µg/l, respectively. The maximum amounts of tree components of parameters of agrochemichals fertilizers indictor such as total nitrogen (period 2, sub-site 5), total phosphorus and orthophosphate (period 4, sub-site 5) and organo-phosphorus (period 3, sub-site 4) were 5990, 1290, 1220 and 336 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides components in sediments of the river such as lindane (period 2, site 2), δ- BHC (period 1 site 3), α- endosulfan (period 1, site 2), endrin and heptachlor epoxide (period 2, site 2) and DDE (period 2, site 1) were 0.99 0.54, 0.29, 0.19 and 0.19 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides components in fish tissue of the river such as endosulfan sulfate, lindane, endrin, δ- BHC and DDE were 0.32, 0.29 0.27, 0.25 and 0.21 µg/l, respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Study of shrimp nursery ground in the Northern part of Bushehr province from Farakeh creek to Genaveh The fourth phase of "study of shrimp nursery ground in the Northern part of Bushehr province" was carried from October 2000 to August 2001. Sampling was carried for larval stages by using Bongo net with 500 micrometer mesh size, and for adults with Trawl net of I centimeter mesh size. In 12 stations, 25576 juvenile and adult shrimp and 651.13 larves were collected and identified. Most of these samples belonged to the families of Sergestidae, Penaeidae Caridea. Acetes cfsergestidae family, both in adults and larval stage (57% for adult and 84% for larval stage) were identified. Adults wrere caught only in Ramleh creek in Feb. 2001, and the most presence of Acetes' larvae were also in Ramleh creek in Dec. 2000. 33% of adults were belonged to Metapenaus stebbingii of Penaeidae family. The most presence of this species was in Feb. and Mar. 2001. Although no larvae of this species was found in the field, it seems there is no significance between pH, salinity and area temperature with the presence of these species of shrimp.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Artificial reefs are manmade materials deployed under water in order to improve invironment and increase the exploaitation of fishing area. Usage of artificial technic has developed due to increase of world pupolation and need to supply of protein, aim to restoring of natural spicialy rehabilitation of demersal fishes. It has effecte to increase the production in order sustainable exploitation. Coasts and Islands have destruction due to over harvesting from ecosystems and other activities by humans and natural, These caused many aquatic as demersal fishes has endangered in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. The artificial reef is one way or method that can improve the environment and restore the aquatic. Iranian fisheries has established an artificial reefs area in west of Kish Island. This area has studied during one year, Data of assembeled fishes and physical sampling were collected in seasonal during spring, summer, autumn and winterd. Ther were tow tritment for sampling as artificial reefs site and a control site. Collected data has analyzed and evaluated by SPSS and Exel. The results showed that there was significant difference between the sites and assembled fishes in artificial reefs were more than control site. Consequently the artificial reefs can be a tool and technic to improve the marine environment and increase the production of fishes, especially the demersal fishes.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This survey was designed in the Helleh region, to understand effects of aquaculture industry on coastal waters of Busher, in 2000. Sediment and water samples were collected from effluent canal, influent canal and sea during the 7 month period (harvest and post harvest season). The variations of selected water quality parameters were controlled monthly. Results show that, in effluent canal, estimated parameters of water was higher than other stations every month, and tend to decreased after being discharged into the sea and got closed to normal level. Comparison of above data with permit able range of municipal and aquaculture waste and comparison of present data with data of normal condition of region, show that, aquaculture industry of Helleh region has not had any obvious negative effect on the coastal waters of Bushehr, in the culture year of 2000.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The culture of Iranian Shrimps began in Bushehr in 1372. Early the green or the pink tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) which were found in most habitats of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea were considered in breeding and reproduction, but due to reproduction difficulties, it was rather replaced by the Monodun imported species, then the production of the white shrimp Metapenaeus affinis and Then P.merguensis in some southern areas of the country such as Hormozgan has began in small scale,but none of these species couldn't meet the economical needs of the consumer society and they were not indelible and dominant enough in the shrimp aquaculture industry of the country until breeding of Indian White Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) has began in large scale in the provinces of Khuzestan and Bushehr, which are seen as the heart of shrimps reproduction and breeding, and in Hormozgan and Sistan. the incidence of white spot viral syndrome (White Spot Syndrom Virus) led to the import of the western white leg shrimp from the USA (P.vannameii) by the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in 1383, at the present all southern and northern breeding farms of the country (fundamental measures has been carried out in line of shrimp reproduction in Gorgan province in 1386) has put the breeding of this shrimp species as the single breeding species at top of their agenda. The subject of feeding the breeding shrimps is widespread and regarding to the non-proprietary species there are still some species which contain high protein than the other species in studying the different shrimp species requirements. In Iran due to the scarce factories producing the shrimp's food, the alimentary compound of the breeding shrimps during industrializing years of this type of breeding even after the non-aboriginal western white leg shrimp species being inclusive was stable and through different biological processes including: Naplies which feeds from its yalk and by entry into zoa stage start eating only small-sized phytoplankton. And by entry into the stage between zoa and mysis it feeds from phyto and zooplankton simultaneously and entering the post-larva stage it stars sarcophagi. and after 15 post-larva stage entering the growth and transition stage to earthen ponds feeding by concentrated industrial foods in large and small packages depending on young and adult mouth and due to feeding requirements of every stage the alimentary compound is nearly as follows: Digestible protein, energy, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals will start and the final product will be released in market Or they will be used in the later years of laying eggs and feeding for brood stock. In feeding section the details of every stage and their food's nutritional needs at each stage and will be fully described.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Every year more amount caviar is converted into pressed caviar due passing of complative processes from 4 stage to 5 stage, and according to carried out of countits amount was over up L5 ton in sturgeon fish hatchery (Asetra and Sevroga caviar). The purpose of this project was the preventing of caviar converting into pressed caviar and for this order established doing operations of this project in two main primmary stages. In primmary stage, this caviar divided to injected and uninfected caviar, that in this way the processing of both kinds caviar did by 11 formulas. And all processed samples store in chill room in -3 degree centigrade cold and carried out the quality experiments (microbial, chemical, and organoleptical experimcnts) of samples in 6 month and then results evaluation 4 choosed for Asetra caviar and 3 form Was for sevroga caviar and started the main stage of operation in 2 seasons. For processing Asetra caviar used from below formula: 1 - water and salt 5 and 20 percent. 2 water and salt 5 percent and dry dure salt (60 gr). 3 - Water and salt 5 percent and dry mixture salt (56 gr). 4 - Processing of caviar by pure dry salt (60 gr) and mixture sait (56 gr) and forsevroga caviar used from formulas: 1 - water and salt 5 percent and pure dry salt (44 gr)e 2 - water and salt. and mixture dry salt (46 3 -The processing of caviar by pure dry salt (47 gr) and mixture (46 gr). In results of qua}ity evahlation of samples in main stage for 6 months showed that the best formula in case Asetra caviar (injected and uninjected) was and 1 formula respectively and the comparing investigation between Asetra caviar (injected and uninjected) showed that the best processed samples were in I formula and also the best formula in case sevroga caviar (injected and uninjected) was 1 formula. The comparing investigation between sevroga caviar showed that the sample was 1 formula.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: DNA barcode is a short, standard well known sequence of cytochrome oxidase І gene. By using this DNA sequence can be realized that each animal, plant or fungus belongs to which species. in this research, samples were collected from imported cultured shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and and 6 Persian Gulf and Oman Sea shrimp species which classified based on traditional systematically as: Penaeus semisulcatus, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, Metapenaeus affinis, Parapenaeopsis Stylifera and Fenneropenaeus indicus. After examination of DNA barcode sequence, molecular and bioinformatics operations of each sequence in the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), phylogenetic analysis of each sample was determined and similarity of each sample with NCBI and CBOL database was checked and the closest species to each sample were specified. According to the results different samples of L. vannamei, . banded P.semisulcatus, F. merguiensis and F. indicus have more than 97% similarity to the same species of other countries. non banded P.semisulcatus had 80.07% similarity to banded P.semisulcatus, M. affinis samples had 90.3% similarity to Metapenaeus ensis and Parap. Stylifera had 93.44% similarity to Parapenaeopsis coromandelica in the CBOL. This funding confirmed the need for further investigation and possible announcement of new species.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study is a part of the national and technology master plan entitled "Attain to technical knowledge of specific pathogen free shrimp production and cut off to dependence on foreign products". The goals of this work were to assess and analysis the risk factors of production of specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp in its all stages (broodstocking, laravl production, shrimp farming, feeding and water quality), determining the pattern of outcomes monitoring, management and control of outcomes from April 2012 to September 2015 in Bandargah research station and Persian Gulf SPF Shrimp research station and their environment, belonging to Shrimp Research Center, located in Bushehr. Identification and screening of risk factors have been done based on Environment Aspect and Effect Analysis method, (EA)2, using a fine statement questionnaire and quantification of risks. The number of identified risk factors in Bandargah research station was 15 while it was 13 in Persian Gulf SPF Shrimp research station. The more number of risk factors in Bandargah station in respect to its number in Persian Gulf station is might due to lower level of biosecurity, physical structure and aging of Bandargah station and existence of two possible source of contamination, the Bushehr nuclear power plant pollutants and Bandargah fishing harbor, near to the station. On the basis of results, the maximum values of APN in Bandargah station was 42 while it was 30 in Persian Gulf station. These results revealed that the level of risk in Bandargah station is lower than that in Persian Gulf station. The most probable risks in both studied research stations are related to transmission of pathogens in shrimp feeding and water intake pollution.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this investigation, were examined the effect of partial harvesting on optimal management of shrimp culture. In order to achieve to the purpose 6Pool0.4/hectare was selected. Three pool with density Twenty-five per sq. m as a witness and another three pond by density fifty per sq. m as the test sample were storage. Based on the results of biometry and biomass estimates of pool was calculated and provided amounts daily meals for shrimps. The first harvest took place after a period of120 days from the test pools .Average of harvest from pools B4, B6andB7 ,was determined respectively, 1373,1365 and1105kg.Second harvest from treatment poolsB4, B6andB7were determined, respectively, 1663,1748 and1783kg. Final harvests from the pools were after 150 day. Harvest average from control pools B1, B2 and B3 was calculated and estimated respectively, 1824, 2000 and 1685 kg. The Average of FCR was calculated 1.51 in control samples. In general, the average of feed conversion rate of the treatment samples were calculated 1.51.We did not see the difference between FCR of control and test samples. According to the project's achievements, we can say, partial harvesting has an important role to increased productivity of shrimp farms in Hellh site from BushehrProvince.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: After severe mortality due to white spot disease incidence in cultured shrimps of Helleh grows out farms, disease spread to Delvar,Mond, Boeyrat and Bandar Rig sites in Bushehr province during 2005. Many crustaceans keep this virus in the body, act as a carrier, and can spread of the infection. In order to investigate status of contamination of wild shrimp and crab's population to white spot virus in Bushehr province waters (north of Persian Gulf), samples were collected and tested by Nested PCR for detection of WSV from estuaries and input and output channels water around the Helleh, Shif and Mond sites during 2007 and 2008. Total tested shrimps were 401 peaces, includes green tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) 220 pieces, white shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) 181 pieces, also total tested crabs were 292 pieces includes Ocypode rotundata 68 pieces and Portunus pelagicus 224 pieces. All the samples showed negative results of WSV contamination. However, it can never be sure that the population is free from WSV unless we collect a random sample of 300 pieces from each species and test them individually for WSV. Therefore, we will be confident up to 95% that the wild sources in that area have no prevalence of 1% or upper WSV contamination.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Scientific and practical planning for achieving the lofty goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the framework of development plan of 1404 is the requirement to achieve sustainable development. Establishing roadmap of industries and products was considered by the scientific and technology office of the deputy president, in order to achieve the abovementioned objectives and in line with the national scientific comprehensive map. Therefore, present study was conducted as the roadmap of national aquatic-food processing development using available approved documents e.g. Iran perspective of 1404, fifth developing plan of I.R. of Iran, developing plan of Iranian fisheries organization in 1400 and the available approved statistical data. Current perspective of the aquatic-food processing is presented at the first chapter of the study. The second chapter reviewed the problems and obstacles. Third chapter tabulated the published studies and researches in fish handling and processing so far. Finally fourth chapter recommends executive and research projects considering quantitative and qualitative objectives of Iran 1400 plan as well as fifth developing plan of Shilat-Iran (Iranian fisheries organization). Authors hope the study to be useful in the national planning of I. R. of Iran in the future.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this study ichthyoplankton, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthics and hydrochemistry parameters were studied. 9 out of 11 sampling stations were in the Gorgan Bay area and 2 of them were in the mouth of the Bay. Ichthyoplankton survey were carried out in 6 stations and the other surveys such as phytoplankton, etc were done in 11 stations in 2009. Gorgan Bay map and position of sampling sites are given at the end of material and methods section. Biomass and frequency of phytoplankton at different stations, months and seasons were calculated that are presented in Tables 1 to 3. Hydro-chemical parameters such as water temperature, air temperature, visibility, DO, BOD5, pH, Alkalinity (bicarbonate, carbonate and total) , Hardness (calcium, magnesium), CL,EC, Salinity, N (nitrate, nitrite, NH3), Phosphate were measured and results are shown Table 11 . Biomass (mgr/m3) and numbers (ind./m3) of 47 genus of different phylum of phytoplanktons such as Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Pyrophyta, Chrysophyta and Euglenaphyta as well as different phylum of zooplanktons consist of Protozoa, Arthropoda, Rotifera and Cyliophora were estimated. Frequency of phytoplanktons (ind/m3) was 131.2, 1.6, 65.3, 18.9 and 23.8 millions respectively. Furthermore, their biomass was 308.4, 1.9, 1358.9, 295.1 and 124.7 mg/m3, respectively. The maximum and minimum numbers were observed in Leptolingbaya belonged to Cyanophyta and Diatoms of Chrysophyta 84.3 and 0.025 million ( ind/ m3) respectively. The maximum and minimum biomass was observed in Gyrosigma (Chrysophyta) and Tetradron (Chloropyta), 12317.3 and 0.014 mg/m3 respectively. The average biomass of zooplankton was measured 531.74, 30.77, 225.07, and 96.26 mg/m3 respectively and the total was attained 883.83 mg/m3 Table 5 . The maximum and minimum biomass of all zooplanktons was estimated in November and July, 3446.23 and 6 mg/m3 respectively. Furthermore, the maximum and minimum numbers of zooplanktons were found in September and July which were 48.4 and 0.002 millions respectively and the average number was 8.4 ind/m3 Table 4 . Also numbers and biomass (gr/m2) of 11 families of benthos which inhabit Gorgan Bay such as Annelida, Mollusca and Arthropoda were investigated in separated stations and distinctive months. The maximum and minimum biomass of benthos was observed in January (42.91 gr/m2) and March (0.6428 gr/m2). The biomass was considerable in April, February, August and December (Tables: 4, 5 and 6).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

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Description: Sediments samples were collected using Veen Grab Sampler (0.1 square meter) at 8 transects namely Astara, Anzali, Sefidroud, Tonekabon, Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad, Torkman in the southern of Caspian Sea. Five stations were selected at 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 meter depths in each transect. Sediments were sampled triplicate at each station. Samples also were collected during four seasons (spring (May), summer (July), fall (November) and winter (January)) in 2009. Results of this study showed that species composition of Macrobenthos consisted of 32 species which belonged to 7 families of Polychaeta, Crustacea and Bivalvia at studied area. In addition, Oligochaeta identified in “Class”, Chironomidae considered in Insecta categories “Family” and Streblospio spp. (Polychaeta) was recognized in “Genus”. Gammaridae and Pseudocumidae of Crustacea with 12 and 10 species had the highest species diversity compared to other groups, respectively. Polychaeta was consisted 75.5 percent of total abundance of macrobenthos which the major abundance (equal 62.4% of total abundance) were belong to Streblospio spp. from Spionidae family, while its biomass was equals 5.11% of total macrobenthos. In contrast, Cerastoderma lamarcki species from Bivalvia Class with only 1.7% of total abundance of macrobenthos allocated 69 percent of total biomass. In the southern of Caspian Sea, average total abundance was significantly less at 4 western transects (Astara, Anzali, Sefidroud, Tonekabon) compared to 4 eastern transects (Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad, Torkman) (p〈0.05). The highest average abundance of macrobenthos (10655±1246SE ind/m2) was observed at transect of Torkman, and lowest value (4032 ± 686SE ind/m2) was recorded at transect of Sefidroud (p〈 0.05). Generally, minimum species diversity were obtained at 20 m depth in all transects and the maximum value was observed at 5 m depth in most of transects (p〈0.05). In contrary, maximum average abundance of Macrobenthoses was at 20 m depth in transects of Anzali, Sefidroud, Tonekabon, Nowshahr and Amirabad compared to other depths. Macrobenthoses abundance average in 5 m depth (except Astara and Torkman) was less than other depths in 6 transect (p 〈 0.05). Total average abundance and biomass of macrobenthos was 5976±583SE ind/m2 and 43.675 ± 11.402SE gr/ m2, respectively. Maximum and minimum of abundance of macrobenthos were observed in summer (7714±778 ind/m2) and winter (4071 ± 340 ind/m2), respectively. Maximum and minimum of biomass of macrobenthos were obtained in fall (50.271±13.258SE gr/ m2) and in summer (35.123 ± 8.903SE gr/ m2), respectively (p〈 0.05). Percent of total organic matter (TOM) were low in 5 and 10 m depths and increased toward offshore depths. TOM percent was 2.06±0.11SE at 10 m depth and increased to 4.62 ±0.17SE in 100 m depth. Percent of silt and clay (grains size less than 63 micron) had positive significantly correlation with percent of TOM (p〈0.01).While they had negative significantly correlation with percent of sand (grains size between 63 and 1000 micron) (p〈0.01). Percent of silt and clay like organic matter, had ascending trend toward to depth increased and varied from 44.4 ± 4.06SE percent in 5 m depth to 96.5 ± 0.59SE percent in 100 m depth. In contrast, percent of sand decreased toward depth and varied from 54.5 ± 4.13SE percent in 5 m depth to 2.8 ± 0.53SE percent in 100 m depth. Result of current study showed that total abundance of macrobenthoses had positive significantly correlation with TOM percent (p〈0.01) and silt/clay percent (p〈0.05). Abundance of Oligochaeta had positive significantly correlation (p〈 0.01) with TOM and silt/clay percent. Two groups of Polychaeta, Gammaridae and Cerastoderma lamarcki had negative significantly correlation with TOM and silt/clay percent (p〈 0.01), and every four aforementioned groups had positive significantly correlation with sand percent (p〈 0.01). Overall, different correlation between abundance of various macrobenthos groups and TOM percent and type of grain size of sediment could be related to fluctuation of abundance of various macrobenthos groups at difference transects and depths. On the other hand, in study area were occurred simultaneously some phenomena such as increased abundance of Oligochaeta and Polychaeta, dominance of Streblospio Genuse (Polychaeta group), and decreases abundance of Bivalvia and appearance of Menemiopsis leidyi which need to study more and monitoring of this area.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Effects of S. cerevisiae on immune parameters of the L. vannamei after 14 days of S .cerevisiae feeding were evaluated in this study. For this purpose a total of 300 pieces of shrimp with an average weight of 30 to 35 grams were selected from a pool shrimp Abadan CHOEBDEH. After making sure the health, absence of necrosis on the surface of the body, cuts antenna, shrimp were transferred to the center of BANDAR IMAM Research Station. Adaptation was carried out for 3-5 days. After the adaptation, shrimps were screened for virus (WSSV, TSV, MBV, HPV, YHV, BP, IHHNV and IMNV) and vibrio bacteria.After screening shrimps divided to two groups with three replication (including 50 pieces of shrimp in triplicate). The experimental diet has the commercial shrimp composition ,but 2 g of S. cerevisiae substituted 2 g of fish meal. Shrimp of first group (T1) for 14 days with food containing nutritional yeast and shrimp in second group (T2) were fed with normal diet without yeast. After 14 days Immune Factors and survival rates in both groups were evaluated. The results showed that the relative survival rate between the two groups showed no significant difference. But Immune Factors (THC, TPP, PO, POD and SOD) in the treatment fed yeast (T1) compared to control treatment (T2) showed a significant increase. In conclusion these results suggest that the increased survival rate and resistance of shrimp after S. cerevisiae consumption occurs through immune modifications, such as increases in THC, TPP, SOD, SOP and PO activity.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Present study was conducted in shrimp farm located in east of Chabahar in Sistan and Balouchestan province from August 2001 until May 2003. Fourteen stations at three locations (i.e. supply channel, drainage channel and Gwatr Gulf) were selected to determine physical and chemical factors such as; temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, silicate, total suspended solid and turbidity. Sampling was conducted twice a month during the shrimp culturing period and monthly at other times. Water samples were collected every two weeks to determine Chemical and Physical factors, Chlorophyll a, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton. Sediment samples were collected seasonally to examine Macrobenthos, Grain size and Total Organic Matter. The results revealed different bioenvironmental area in the three locations (i.e. supply channel, drainage channel and Gwatr gulf) over the study period. One-way analyze of variance of chemical and physical factors indicated significant difference between different times as well as different stations (p〈0.05). The negative relationship was observed between the culturing production area and the amount of average dissolved oxygen, pH and total suspend solid. An increase in the culturing production area in 2002 as compared to that of 2001 causes a decrease in the amount of these factors. However, it dose indicates positive relationship with nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, transparency and chlorophyll. Forty nine phytoplankton genus were identified, which mainly belong to diatoma, dinoflagellate and green blue algae. Diatom was dominated among these groups. Diatom and green-blue algae and diatom comprised %79, %69 and %64 of phytoplankton flora respectively in supply channel, Gwater Gulf and drainage channel. Copepod and thintinnida were the major groups of zooplankton. High abundance of bivalve, Polychaetes and amphipoda were found in supply channel, Gwatr Gulf and drainage channel respectively. Analysis of grain size showed the existence of sandy sediment in Gulf of Gwatr and sandy-loom in supply channel. Drainage channel sediment found to be sandy-loom, sandy-silty-loom and sand loom. Among three locations, the highest TOM was found in drainage channel. In last location, production area in 2002 increased as compared to that of 2001, which showed negative relationship with salinity, nitrate, nitrit, ammonia and chlorophyll a. Drainage of the Gwatr s shrimp farm did not cause any thermal contamination in the location. Shrimp aquaculture activities caused an increase in the average of salinity, range of pH in the Gwatr Gulf.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This project was performed to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative operation of hatcheries and shrimp culture Sites in Hormozgan province during years 2004-2006. All the active hatcheries including one hatchery located in Bandar-e-Jask, Three hatcheries in Bandar-e-Kohestak, one hatchery in Bandar-e-kolahi and two hatcheries in Qeshm island also three shrimp culture sites including Tiab-e-Shomali, Tiab-e-Jonubi and sayeh khosh were surveyed. The Information about scientific and technical persons, employments, productions, important problems and also situation of costs and net were recorded in special forms. Results were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results revealed that about 50% of the hatcheries located in Hormozgan province are closed through the different problems such as, failure of customer, failure of a distinct plan for post larvae producing, high coast of producing parameters and so on. Results also revealed that only 7.1% of farms located in sayeh khosh area, about 40.2 % of farms located in Tiab-e-Shomali and 62 % of farms located in Tiab-e-Jonubi areas are active. The two later areas have established about ten years ago. The most problems of most farm in Hormozgan province are the failure of sufficient knowledge of farms managers, high cost and low quality of shrimp foods manufactured by huge factories and low cost of cultured shrimps. Final, it can be said that problems of hatcheries are depended to shrimp farms problems. If problems of farms be did, problems of hatcheries will be did.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was carried out in Bushehr province waters (49ْ 40E and 30ْ 00N to 52ْ 00E and 27ْ 40N) in July and August 2010-2011. The objectives of this study were to determine the opening and closure periods of shrimp and to estimate of the shrimp biomass in the study area. Based on the total length, the opening season of shrimp fishery in 2010 and 2011 were proposed on 12 and 22rd of July, respectively. The closed season was determined based on the remaining of 20% of shrimp stock and proposed on 12 and 29th of August, respectively. The primary estimation of the biomass in these years was 840 and 455 metric tones, respectively. While the total catch were estimated 847 and 859 tones in these years. During this study 9 species of the penaeid and solenoserid species were identified. The percentage of the green tiger prawn to the other species in the study years were 73% and 92%, respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: To study the preparation of frozen minced meat from abramis brama orientalis commonly known as sim from Arras lake and from silver carp cultured in the Azerbaijan province, and later this minced meat converted to fish ball and fish burger, in this process microbial, chemical and organoleptic tests was done on samples for frozen minced meat on Sims fish the TVN was 10.1 in zero phase and 14.1 after three month and peroxide value from 0.9 t0 3.1 at the same duration. But he value was higher when converted to fish ball, TVN ranged from 14 to17.6 and per oxide from 1.1 to 4.7 after three month, the unit for TVN was mg/100gram and peroxide unit meq/1000 gram, the microbial tests was also resulted in an acceptable range, the meat of Sims fish had no significant difference with the silver carp comparatively only the color and the smell of the fish was little different, so we could conclude that we can use Sim fish meat for frozen minced meat product and this can increase the consumption of fish in the region in the future.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This project investigates bacteria effects as probiotics on growth and survival rate and resistance of shrimp during propagation stages. Bacterial flora were extracted from seawater , water of cultured farms , shrimp cultured and sludge from private propagation farms different bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus(serotype1-4) Vibrio splendidus I , Vibrio fluvialis ,Vibrio anguillarum ,Vibrio costicul, Vibrio vulnificus,Vibrio nereis,Vibrio camplbelli,Vibrio natriegens,Vibrio proteolyticus, Vibrio plegius ,Vibrio fischeri,Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas schuberti,Aeromonas salmonisida, Aeromonas veronii , Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas chloraphis, Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus case, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus delbrukii, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus leichmanii, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus lactis, Pediococcus acidilactici were isolated , identified and lyophilized.These bacteria in different experiments were used on shrimp life cycle stages and live food such as Chaetoceros , Skeletonema and Tetraselmis algae. Some serotypes of one bacterial species showed various reactions in media and experiment probiotics. Vibrio alginolyticus(serotype1) with 107 cells/ml can increase Tetraselmis sp production during 6 days to 71% compared to the control experiment without bacteria. Also Vibrio alginolyticus(serotype4) with 105 cells/ml can increase Tetraselmis spp production during 6 days to 389% more than control. Vibrio splendidus could increase 23% shrimp fork length in postlarvae 3 compared control. Vibrio alginolyticus+ Vibrio fischeri can increase survival , fork lenght and body weight of green tiger shrimp postlarvae significantly(P〈.05).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to produce broodstock from cultued shrimps , two groups of 1247 and 3781 ....

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: One of the most important bacterial fish diseases which has caused some outbreaks in rainbow trout farms in Iran is streptococcusis .The farmers were suffering from huge economic losses due to the disease outbreaks in different rainbow trout farms in Iran. The aim of our study was to determine rate of streptococcusis incidence in different stage of growth in farmed rainbow trout in Haraze River, Mazandaran province. Fish and water samples were randomly collected and measured of randomly in10 selected farms, monthly throughout a year. After clinical observations, Isolation and recognition of strep strains were made using biochemical tests. Some Environmental factors include Nitrate, Nitrite, Temperature, pH, Ammonia and DO measured during sampling periods. According to our results 4.6% of juvenile samples showed clinical singe of streptococcusis while only0.7% of them had strep. Contamination .These rates in adult samples were 8.9 and 1 percent respectively. Major isolated bacterial strain was Streptococcus uberis . Incidence of streptococcusis in rainbow trout 20% affected by fluctuation of Nitrite, temperature and DO. Management of these factors can decrease rate of disease outbreaks.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This survey was carried out by R/V Gilan with a conical plankton net of 100 micron mesh by vertical hauls at 8 transect in the southern Caspian sea. Transects were located at Astara, Anzali, Sefid roud, Tonekabon, Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad and Torkman in depths of 5, 10,20,50and 100m. Samples were taken in 4 seasons ( in each season 64 samples) in 2009. In this study 23 species formed the zooplankton community including 4 species of Copepoda, 8 species of Rotatoria, 2 species of Protozoa and 8 species of Cladocera. The meroplankton blonged to 2 species of Balanus sp and Lamellibranchiata larvae. The annual results revealed that the maximum abundance of Copepoda were 3612±4839 ind/m3 and 35/75 ±42/81 mg/ m3 in summer and decreased gradually since autumn and reached to minimum value in winter. The maximum abundance of Cladocera was 300± 383 ind/m3 in spring and reached to less than 4 ind/m3 in summer and autumn. The Rotatoria had high population (3775± 8632 ind/m3) in winter which consisted the zooplankton population with Copepoda. The Protozoa had no efficient role in zooplankton population of Caspian sea during the year. The zooplankton population was affected by Meroplankton and Lamellibranchiata larvae in spring and winter. The Copepoda contributed in zooplankton population only in summer and autumn. The maximum zooplankton abundance and biomass were in 5m depth which included 10209±8352 ind/m3 and 43/56±26/08mg/ m3 in spring, 8545±7127 ind/m3 and 73/59±56/65mg/ m3 in summer(10 m depth), 8427±6711 ind/m3 and 43/15± 29/59 mg/ m3 in autumn and 24426 ±26975 ind/m3 and 334/25±392/21 mg/ m3 in winter which decresed from surface to depth. The maximum abundance and biomass of zooplankton were 5119±6018 ind/m3 in east and 28/59±24/79 mg/ m3 in central area in spring, 6628±7117 ind/m3 in west area and 50/73±59/52 mg/ m3 in central area in summer, 5248 ±5489 ind/m3 and 31/16 ±31/22 mg/ m3 in west area in autumn and 11588±16191 ind/m3 and 131/02±193/61 mg/ m3 in west area in winter. The annual statistical analysis reveals that there is significant difference between Copepoda and Cirripedia population among seasons, sampling stations, depth and sampling layer (Kruskalwallis test, p〈0.05) and the total zooplankton populatin had no significant difference only between seasons (Kruskal-wallis test, p〉0.05). The Cladocera, Lamellibranchiata larvae and the Rotatoria had significant difference between seasons only (Kruskal-wallis test, p〈0.01).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent responsible for huge-shrimp viral epidemics in shrimp farms throughout the world.Our study was aimed to determine the effect of WSSV Gamma-vaccinated Litopenaeus vannamei in occurrence of apoptosis. One thousand and twenty PL15 were randomly distributed among 2 treatments and two control groups. Gama-Vaccinated shrimp and none-Gamma-vaccinated ones were our treated and untreated groups. Our result showed there is a significant difference (p〈.05) between vaccinatedexposed group (82.33±2.51) and none-vaccinated exposed group (26.00±10.00) was about 56%. It is concluded that apoptosis can be a helpful process as immune function in shrimp especially against WSSV.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The shrimp farming success in the future will greatly denpend upon increasing supplies of healthy and high quality seed for stocking ponds. The limited and inconsistent availability of wild Shrimp postlarvae together with an urgent need of establishing selective breeding programs, increased the interest in captive broods of penaeid. Many investigations have been carried -out A on several shrimp species world-wide. This study have been conducted on 2 shrimp groups since September (Mehr) to July (Tir) 1999 in Bandar-e-lmam southwest Iran. The wild group (SPB) prepared from Jask area and the pond group (POB) prepared from artificial ponds upon harvesting them as marketable. size have been investigated. 2 groups were exposed to natural diets consisting of squid and artemia biomass in same conditions using 12 m concrete tanks. Stocking density was 2 piece/m2 (IF: IM). Half part of the pond bottom covered by fine sand to reduce the stress where the other part has been used for feeding. Daily ration given in 3 times by satiation method. Also reproductive performance of wild gravid brooders (WLB) were recorded as a control group 2 examined groups well grown and around 50% of the SPM and around 30% of POB females successfully ripened an produced eggs an nauplii where almost all males of both groups were matured. Data showed fecundity is highly correlated to the TL and W of the brooders by positive trend. Considering the T WI Fecundity and nauplii production the WLB brooders are significantly. (P=0.05) higher than 2 other groups, while the SPM broods are significantly (P=0.05) higher in hatchability. Meanwhile the survival rate from nauplii to postlarvae stage was around 30% for SNIP brooders. On the other hand the growth parameters (TL W) of the marketable size of the shrimps produced for SMP brooders were significantly (P=0.05) higher than those produced from WLB group. Since the fecundity is improvable by increasing the brood size thus the data suggest the superiority of the SPM brooders.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: During 2006 to 2007 Litopenaeus vannamei was dominant cultured species in Bousher and Khouzestan .....

Description: Published

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was carried out in August – september 2009 in Bushehr province waters. Two different shrimp bottom trawls were used in which were woven by Poly Amid and Poly Ethylene with mesh sizes( stretched ) of 50 mm and sack with 35 mm. Also 2 different vessels of two dhows and one steel ship each with 26 and 30 hauls were used and taken in to comparison from point of obtained results. Total catch of PA and PE trawels were 4592 and 5535 kg of which the ratio of shrimp catch and bycatch for PA trawl was 32.4 and 67.6 % respectively; and for PE trawl was 34.2 and 65.8%. Total catch of PA and PE trawls of steel trawler ( ship ) were estimated 3158.0 and 4784.7 kg, respectively, of which the shrimp/bycatch ratio was 6.6 : 93.4%. There was a higher amount of bycatch for PE comparing to PA trawl (p〈 0.05). on the other hand the decrease of shrimp and bycatch for PA comparing to PE dhow trawlers were 21.3 and 15.0% and for ship were 34.6 and 34.0% respectively. The weight ratio is 1:15 i.e . in PE ship trawl , in proportion to on kg shrimp, 15 kg bycatch was harvested. it is proposed to standardize the mesh size and also to do obligtory the instal of squared mesh size panel .

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The blue swimming crab Portunus pekagicus linneus, 1758, is Known as a by catch of trawlers, Gillnetting,... in the coastal waters of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, Blue crabs are not considered as target catch in the Iranian fisheries. The best method for catching these crabs is in this survey. Two kind of posts including Japanese shrimp pots and collapsible pots were tried. Also gill net was used. Result showed that Japanese shrimp pot and collapsible pots were determined as the best gear, Samples catched by these pots have larger mean lengths and weight, they are mainly undamaged.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The present survey was conducted for evaluation of environmental impacts of shrimp farm effluents in Tiab district of Hormozgan province. During the growing season of 2003(Jul-Dec) water and sediment samples have taken with monthly intervals from inflow and outflow of the farms and related coastal waters adjacent to Tiab estuary. The samples were carried to the laboratory for physical, chemical and biological analyses. The results showed that the farms exert significant influence on humidity of surrounding air. Furthermore most of the measured parameters such as pH, salinity, BOD5, COD, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, TP, total phytoplankton and zooplankton numbers in water column and the percentages of the TN of sediments of the outflow waters were adequately higher than inflow water, but reverse results were measured for oxygen content of the water and total macrofauna numbers. There were no any significant differences between inflow and outflow channels in the case of temperature and TN of the water. In the statistical analyses, station effect only showed significant influences on variation of zooplankton numbers, TN, COD and salinity of the water and the percentage of sediment total organic compounds. The results also showed that during the growing season in the surveyed channels the most values of water and air temperature, air moisture, salinity and COD decreased, but in contrast the magnitude values of pH, BOD5, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, TP and total phytoplankton and zooplankton numbers increased during the same time. The month effect significantly influenced the preceded noticed parameters, but had no significant effect on variation of other parameters such as: TN and total macrofauna of the water column and percentages of total organic compounds and nitrogen of the sediment. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the surveyed channels and coastal waters in the case of measured values of water and air temperature, pH and oxygen content. Higher total phytoplankton numbers were measured in the coastal waters, but most of other surveyed parameters were high in the channels. In the coastal waters the variations of most measured parameters were managed by winds and the related waves and turbulences, so water exchange with Tiab estuary had no significant effect in this respect.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this study, first, the influence of three precooking methods (steaming, oven-baking and microwave-cooking) on the contents of mineral elements-copper, zinc, iron, calcium and sodium-of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was evaluated. Determination results of evaluated elements in raw fish and cooked samples were in range 3.05 to 4.19 for copper, 71.45 to 82.85 for zinc, 32.18 to 40.70 for iron, 425.6 to 529.46 and 315.5 to 534.76 for calcium. Results showed different precooking treatments had no significant effects on the amounts of mineral elements such as copper, zinc, calcium and sodium. The Iron content in the samples subjected to microwave cooking increased. With doing multivariate analysis, on comparing the raw and precooked fillets, steam cooking found to be the best precooking method on retain mineral elements. After choosing the best precooking method, for evaluating the influence of different filling media including sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil and brine, on the quality of canned silver carp, amounts of mineral elements(copper, zinc, iron, calcium and sodium) and microbial indices(total counts, thermopile count and clostridium) and sensory indices (color, smell, taste and texture) was surveyed. Assessments of microbial indices showed no microbial activity in canned products. After canning amounts of sodium increased in all the treatments. Except for iron, using soybean oil had no significant effect on the contents of other elements. The highest levels of iron and copper were observed in olive oil canned samples sterilized at 130°C. Sensory evaluating showed, kind of filling media had no significant effects on sensory indices such as taste, smell and color of canned samples. The texture of soybean oil canned samples and the quality defects of olive oil and brine canned samples had better condition than other treatments. In the last step, canned silver carp were proceed under three different temperatures (115°C, 120°C and 130°C) with equal lethality value (Fo=7min), then sensory indices and amount of mineral elements were compared. Results showed, the contents of iron, copper, sodium and calcium were changed in soybean oil canned sample. The amounts of copper and sodium in sunflower oil canned sample subjected to different heating regimes showed significant variation. The highest amount of copper was observed in the canned samples subjected to 130°C heating regime. Results showed contents of iron and copper of olive oil canned sample subjected to 120°C and 130°C heating regimes were higher than sample subjected to 115°C heating regime, while the zinc and calcium contents had no variation. In brine canned samples the highest amounts of copper and iron was obtained after sterilization in 120°C. Results of sensory evaluation showed different heating regimes had no significant effects on the indices of taste, smell, and color of products. Doing 130°C heating regime in brine canned samples led to obtain the better tenacity of texture. While this heating regime caused to increase the quality defects of soybean oil canned samples as a result of existence of hard parts of bone.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Report of the project entitled "determination of the global population structure of the great sturgeon (Huso huso) with emphasis on the Golestan Province" is in front of your attention. Outcome is the results of study on the samples collected from the total catch in the landing sites namely Bandar-e-Anzali, Babolsar, and Ashooradeh, in the three Northern provinces. 224 specimens were collected according to the sampling manual during the fishing seasons in 2005 and 2006. Three methods were applied in this study to find out the population structure of the great sturgeon in the southern Caspian Sea. These were as follows: Morpho-metric meristic Population dynamics Population genetics (microsatellite loci) Results indicate that the range of different age groups of the great sturgeon in the Golestan Province is larger than the other two provinces. Results show that the older age groups are found in the samples from the Golestan Province rather than the other two provinces. Results demonstrate that the sample size for the two methods (morpho-metric meristic and population dynamics) is not enough. In order to obtain precise results with less uncertainty one needs to collect more specimens. Therefore, according to the few number of the great sturgeon in the total sturgeon landing, it is recommended that researchers apply methods other than the two methods which are mentioned above in order to make sure that the results are most reliable. Population genetics methods including microsatellite loci are among the methods which could produce good results with minimum bias in this regard. Results indicate that there are two distinguishable populations of the great sturgeon (Huso huso) in the southern part of the Caspian Sea off the shores of the three Northern provinces. Results also show that these two populations are scattered in the two east end (Golestan Province) and west end (Guilan Province) of the southern Caspian Sea. The two populations have overlapped each other in the Mazandaran Province.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: 30000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (2007 and 2008) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station (Gilan ) and Sheiban Resaerch center (Khozestan) , In order to assess the viability of rearing fry up to 1 gram fingerlings under the climatic condition of north and south part of Iran . Growth parameters from the larval stage to 1 g were studied also .The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 3ponds.specimens were separated to tree experimental categories. fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured . Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings.Catla was gain 1 g. during 15 day while Roho and Merigal were gain 1 g. during 14 and 10 days respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility specialy in other provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan were remind for futhre studies.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Regarding to breeding the Litopenaeus vannamei, a total of 126 pairs of broodstocks were imported from Hawaii to Iran in 2004 and 2005 , and then transferred to the Bandargah Research Station in Bushehr. The female broodstocks were ablated, and were feeded 3 times per day with cuttlefish ,small size shrimp and Nereis worm with a ratio of 30% body weight .The water exchange were done 3 times per day. During the years 2004 and 2005 a total 1700000 naupli were produced of which 772000 specimens of pl13 and pl7 were harvested and then transferred to Helleh Site for carrying out the next culture project. The average naupli and postlarvae were 170000 and 92000 in proportion to each broodstock. Also the mean survival rate was estimated 54%.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Marine polychaete worms living in different beds from coastal areas, so different cultures can be different effects on their development. The evaluation of this research initially, marine polychaete worms were collected in low tidal sea areas from Gulf Persian coast in Bushehr. During several stages of sampling do more than 2000 pieces of worm were taken and then transferred to Bandarga Shrimp Research Station (Iran Shrimp Research Center). So based on a observation the desired species identification (Perinereis nuntia). Then 400 pieces worm selected and transferred to tanks maintain immature worm (fiberglass tanks with dimensions of 2 × 2 × 0.5 m with 15 cm sand on floor). The results showed that even the worms (P. nuntia) in vitro reached sexual maturity able to spawn in captivity conditions and were absolute fecundity of 16010 ± 17630 eggs. After incubation eggs, larval culture into the plastic tank with 70 cm diameter, larval (1.5 to 2 mm) were introduced with density 2000 (pieces/m2). In this research used to three different beds ( tidal , filled with water all of time and wet bed ) with three different food types (food shrimp, seaweed and vegetable waste), so there were 9 experimental treatments. All experimental treatments harvested and estimate production in each of them after 270 days. The seaweed tidal treatment with amount of 21.17 g/m2 had best results and the all of wet treatments with 0 g/m2 was the lowest production. Compare of beds showed that the tidal treatments have significant difference with other beds in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〈0.05). And for effect of food kind on growth factors, the result of difference foods in tidal treatment were analyzed. According this mater any treatments have no significant difference together in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〉0.05).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The lack of sustainable management programs has resulted in the drastic decline of sturgeons stocks in the Caspian Sea in the past two decades. Legal catch quotas for all Caspian littoral states has dropped from 28500 tons in 1985 to 460 tons in 2007 while caviar production in the Caspian Sea during the same period decreased from 3000 tons to 70 tons. Caviar production in the I.R. of Iran dropped from 305 tons in 1985 to about 11 tons in 2007. The "Strategic and applied research planning for sturgeon management and conservation" was developed with the collaboration of academicians from universities, researchers, experts, fishery authorities and representatives of the executive government to maintain sustainable development and rational management of sturgeon stocks in the Caspian Sea. The preparation and development of this planning was carried out through 121 sessions (2100 person hours) A comprehensive report (375 pg) was prepared which was divided into five volumes; Volume I comprises an introduction, objectives, strategies and planning, present status of production and caviar harvest, catch and export quotas, revenue generated and release of sturgeon fingerlings, Volume II comprises analysis of the problem by constructing a problem tree with 8 broad categories to analyze 344 problems and an objective tree which is the hierarchic flowchart of objectives with 9 broad categories with 241 items, Volume III comprises a review and analysis of previous and ongoing research (414 projects) on different aspects of sturgeon during the past 40 years, Volume IV comprises prioritizing research objectives outlined by the objective tree and finally Volume V which prioritizes primary objectives for 14 executive and 10 research programs. On the basis of the evaluation of the present status and for the sustainable development and rational management of sturgeon stocks a strategic and applied research planning program was proposed and developed within the framework of three primary objectives; 1) Management and sustainable use of Caspian Sea resources (5 programs), 2) Rehabilitation and restoration of stocks (5 programs), 3) Development of aquaculture (4 programs). The applied research program for each proposed executive program was outlined in 10 programs, 42 comprehensive plans and 222 projects. The primary objective on management and sustainable use of Caspian Sea resources includes 5 programs, 14 comprehensive plans and 63 projects, while the primary objective on rehabilitation and restoration of stocks includes 4 programs, 16 comprehensive plans and 87 projects. The primary objective to address sturgeon aquaculture includes 1 program, 12 comprehensive plans and 72 projects. The impacts and outcome of each of these programs was determined and presented. It is evident that if the present situation persists, the catch figures for adult sturgeon specimens and caviar production in Iran will reach zero in 2021. But if concerted efforts are taken and the proposed strategic and applied research planning program is executed (commencing from 2009) we can put a halt to these declining trends. By producing sturgeon fingerlings to restore population abundances, by conserving and protecting them in the Caspian Sea and by conducting applied research we can produce 206.4 tons of caviar by the year 2033. Apart from harvesting caviar from the Caspian Sea we can also annually produce 3000 tons sturgeon meat and 60 tons farmed caviar starting from the year 2023. The total budget proposed for implementation of this program for a period of 14 years (2008-2022) is USD 2483 million. If this budget is allocated in time and the proposed strategic program is properly and totally implemented, we can not only save many sturgeon populations from extinction but also ensure job opportunities for 6000 fisherman, provide 1480 new job opportunities and annually produce 266 tons of caviar which will generate USD 4957 million.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The plan entitled "designing and establishment of ISO/IEC17025 in laboratories of three research centers affiliated to Iran Fisheries Research Organization" was carried out in the frame of three projects from March 2008 for about three years. Among the laboratories of The Persian Gulf ecological research center, the Caspian Sea ecological research center and the national shrimp research center 7, 5 and 3 laboratories were selected for accreditation, respectively. The quality manuals of the test laboratories were written following the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025. During the establishment of the system standardization of the test methods, calibration of the equipment, test methods validation and update and improvement of physical conditions of the laboratories were performed. The technical and quality management competence of the laboratories affiliated to the Persian Gulf ecological research center were evaluated by the auditors from DGA (the German Accreditation System for Testing Laboratories), which is signatory of ILAC (International Laboratory Accreditation Co-operation). But in the case of the two other centers, the laboratories were accredited by Iran Accreditation System (IAS). The laboratories officially accredited, after the successful completion of the accreditation process (including implementation of corrective actions for the detected non-conformities). Production of reliable results of the test methods from national and international scientific organizations' point of view as well as facilitation in development of bilateral and multilateral relations with them can be considered as the advantages of the system establishment. Moreover, exchange of the relevant scientific information and experiences among the researchers will be facilitated

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was conducted to determine 16 Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (16PAHs) concentrations in water (during four seasons) and surface sediments (during summer and winter) at eight transects (Astara, Anzali, Sefidroud, Tonekabon, Nowshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad and Turkman) in the southern of Caspian Sea in 20102011. 94 samples of water and 45 samples of surface sediments were collected at 10, 50 and 100 meters depths. In addition, 28 samples of fish (Cyprinus Carpio) were collected during winter and spring. All samples were prepared by Soxhlet and extracting processes and then determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) instrument. Results of current study showed that mean concentration and standard error (±SE) of 16PAHs water were observed 232 (±77), 1268 (±808), 538 (±190) and 151 (±53) µg/l in spring, summer, fall and winter, respectively. In addition, annual mean contents and standard error (±SE) of 16PAHs water were registered 24.10 (±8.12) µg/l. The Hazard Quotation (HQs) were calculated more than unit and belong to Benzo(a)pyrene and Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene compounds. Mean concentration and standard error (±SE) of 16PAHs sediment were observed 0.77 (±0.23) and 1.21 (±0.64) µg/g.dw in summer and winter, respectively. Also, the annual mean contents and standard error (±SE) of surface sediments were observed 0.93 (±0.33) µg/g.dw. The Hazard Quotation (HQs) were calculated more than unit and belong to Fluoranthene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Chryseneand Benzo(a)pyrene. The annual mean contents and standard error (±SE) of edible tissue of Cyprinus Carpio mussels were observed 2.21 (±0.42) µg/g.dw. Annually, pattern of 16PAH compounds were obtained 10, 70, 12 and 8% for 3,4,5, and 6 rings, respectively. Four ring compounds had high content and percentage and 2 ring was not observed in all samples of water. Also, pattern of 16PAH in surface sediments were obtained 31, 56 and 14% for 3, 4, and 5 rings, respectively. Four ring compounds had high content and percentage and 2 and 6 rings were not observed in all samples of surface sediments during two seasons. Result of Diagnostic Ratios analysis (DRs) of sediments showed that the source of oil compounds were petrogenic and pyrogenic in summer and winter, respectively. Based on DRs in water and sediments were observed oil compounds were either petrogenic or pyrogenic with different percentage in the southern Caspian Sea. In conclusion, the results revealed that in the some transects the 16PAHs concentrations of water were above the threshold levels and more petrogenic (85%) sources which represented polluted condition in this area. 16PAHs concentrations of sediments were below the threshold levels and conditions for this region were showed unpolluted. Also, the Caspian Sea sediments were classified in Class 2 (Fair). According to results of the evaluation’s risks to human health associated with consumption of the mussels containing 16PAHs suggest that there is risk for humans.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This project is trying to investigate water contamination after use in ponds. For this aquaculture status, physical and chemical water properties, microbial pollutants and heavy metals levels in the some of trout ponds effluent in East Azerbaijan province were evaluated in 2007 to 2009. The information of groundwater and climate conditions in ten years, Drilling and wells piezometric Information, in local wells are reviewed.According to data obtained from analysis of water samples in the output pools range studied concentrations(term mg/l) some parameters are as follows:(BOD: 1.9-3.2),(COD: 3.4-34.1),(TSS: 26.6-42.7),(N-NO2:0.003-.136),(P-Po4:0.0170.067),(pH:7.75-8.28).Electrical conductivity(500 ±2 to 1129±144 term µm/cm) in the effluent ponds . Based on the results of we can say that between input and effluent ponds in the review of all factors as chlorine, sulfate, sodium, potassium, total nitrogen, soluble phosphorus, total phosphorus, calcium, total hardness, magnesium, alkalinity and silica significant changes not be observed. Review of water analysis data to some factors(such as:water temperature,EC,pH,NO2,CO2,HCO3,CO3,DO,COD,BOD) And compare this data with the authorities standard confirmed that the All factors mentioned in effluent is allowed now. In terms of microbial contamination and heavy metals ( Zn,Cu,Ca,Pb,Fe,Cr ) is no pollution. Appropriate strategies for removing suspended materials must to use.We can use Watershed Management solutions to inject output water to the underground table. Should be noted status change (eg change in flow rate, an unusual increase in temperature, fish density increasing, reducing food quality, lack of appropriate management actions and ...) may reduce the effluent quality and the ability of injection water underground to lose . In this case, measures must be for wastewater treatment and improve the quality ponder.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Due to lack of access to comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding equipment, personnel, laboratory services tariffs and chemicals in the laboratories of Iran Fisheries Research Institute and felt the necessity of having this information for optimal management of the laboratories, it was decided with regard to all information needs in this area and using previous experiences in this regard as well as the experiences of other institutions and related organizations at the national (and even international) level, the system would be designed. The main purpose of implementing this plan was to establish and implement a software system based on web technology to create a comprehensive database of the Fisheries Research Institute's laboratories, so that in addition to organizing information, using periodic reports on various related areas a more appropriate monitoring and management system could be applied. Fortunately, after the design and implementation stages, the system in early January 2011 was fully applicable. The main parts of this system include portal; database; advanced data entry, search and reporting capabilities; direct tests order system and discussion forums.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The Caspian Sea trout (Salmo trutta caspius) is distributed in southern basin of the sea and the natural stocks of this fish is critically endangered. The present study was conducted through the breeding seasons of Caspian Sea trout in January 2012. Estimation of sperm male potential was carried on samples collected from a total of 12 male spawners which included 8 samples (caught 3 years ago) and 4 samples (freshly caught). Semen samples were collected after anesthetized with clove powder for 10 minutes at water temperature of 9-9.4 °C. The differences of mean semen volumes, sperm motility time, sperm density and the percentage of sperm motility from freshly caught spawners ( 5.5 ± 3.4 ml , 35.5 ± 8.7 sec , 4.3 ± 0.7 ×109 ml-1 , 32.5 ± 8.5% respectively) were significantly higher than 3 years caught spawners (1.5 ± 0.93 ml, 26.5 ± 12.8 sec , 1.98 ± 1.6 ×109 ml-1 , 25.7 ± 9.7 % respectively) (P 〈 0.05). Also the results showed that there are not significant differences in mean percentage of motility and motility duration between freshly caught sperm from fresh broods and that’s from previously caught (among fresh sperm samples, one, three and eight months of cryopreservation) (P 〉 0.05).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The distribution and stock assessment of edible bivalves were carried out in Bushehr shoreline areas (from 50֯ 38 - 29֯ 27 to 52֯ 41 - 27֯ 17 ) throughout the period of September 2008 - 2009. The objectives of this study were identifying the location of edible bivalves, biomass estimation, to estimate the growth parameters and natural mortality. Samples were obtained at roughly monthly or bimonthly from 7 areas and some of the at low tide during the year from 4 areas. Transects were selected at random direction and at the zigzag pattern in every area, so that is cover all of the shell beds. In each transects one or two sampling quadrat (0.25 m2) were placed randomly. Depending on the area size the number of the quadrat were different. After the removal of the stones and debries, the edible bivalves (empty and live bivalves) and some of the decoration shells were identified and numbered. Some of the samples were transferred to a bag and taken back to the lab for further identification and further analysis. In this study, the percentage of samples was used to show the distribution of the species in different areas. Faunal affinity between stations was calculated by Sorensen formula. For the purpose of the stock abundance, the mean number of the shells in each quadrat was regarded as an estimate of stock mean. The total stock in the investigated areas was obtained by multiplying the mean by the ratio of the stock area to the quadrat area (0.25 m2). Confident limits 0.95 % or 95 probility was given for precise the estimates. The length of some of the bivalves was measured from dextral to sinistral with vernier calipers to the nearest 0.1 millimeter. In some of the species the length frequency was used to estimate growth and natural mortality parameters. A subset of samples of Solen brevis was taken to the laboratory for the precise measurements, and relationship between body weights and total length. Surface sediment samples (5-20 cm) inhabited by some clam species were sampled in some areas. Water temperature and salinity were recorded during the survey in the sampled areas. A total of 45 species or species group was identified in the study area. The main area distributions for live edible bivalve, Solen brevis were located at Bupatil, Kaloo, Piazi and Bordekhoon. Other bivalve, Paphia cor was distributed in the Gassir, but empty bivalve shell was seen in the Bordekhoon shoreline. A limited tidal coastal area of Ganaveh has been covered by a pearl oyster species, Pinctada radiate that attached in the rocky beds. The empty shells of this species and other genus of the family were distributed in the other areas such as Golestan and Nayband. The most important areas for the decoration shells were located in the Golestan and Nayband. The empty bivalve shells, Trachycardium lacunosum were distributed in Lavar shoreline. The other species or species group were distributed in the shoreline of the study areas in different months with the low abundance. The growth parameters of two alive species, Paphia cor and Solen brevis were estimated. The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters for Paphia cor were estimated as K = 0.8 Year-1, L∞= 55 mm and t0 = -0.45 and for Solen brevis K = 0.7 Year-1, L = 120 mm and t0 = -0.35. . Estimated natural mortality rate for Paphia cor was M = 0.57 and for Solen brevis M = 0.26. The maximum ages (Tmax) calculated were 50 months for Paphia cor and 54 months for Solen brevis. The mean biomass of Solen brevis in Bupatil was 3.25 1.1 shells per quadrat with a maximum peak 4.6 shells per quadrat in October (Mehr) and minimum 1.5 shells per quadrat in Augest (Mordad). For the pearl oyster, Pinctada radiata in the Ganaveh this estimation was obtained in maximum peak in July (Tir) 60.5 shells per 100 m2 and minimum in March (Esfand) 3 per 100 m2. Mean biomass for this species was estimated 27.724.2 shells per 100 m2. The mean biomass of P. cor was 8.8 2.2 shells per quadrat and with a maximum in February (Bahman) and minimum in November (Abban).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in surface sediments of Khamir, Laft, and Yekshabeh and Tiab esturies. For this purpose, sampling of surface sediments was carried out at 16 stations (four stations at each estury.In each sample, four points were taken from the beginning, the middle, the end and the junction point to the sea.The physicochemical properties of sediment such as grain size and total organic matter (TOM) were measured using standard methods. The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons was determined using Ultraviolet Fluorescence (UVF). Petroleum hydrocarbons showed limited variations from 53.11 to 2052.5 ng/g dry weight in the summer season and from 128.5 to.4392.5 ng/g in winter. The average detected concentrations for total hydrocarbons were lower than the environmental hazard (4000 ng/g). Most of their concentrations were observed at Yekshabeh estury in winter, possibly due to the pollution caused by the activity of ports and fishing vessels. Also, the assessment of environmental hazard caused by pollution of hydrocarbons for aquatic organisms by using SQSs and contamination coefficient (Cf) showed that the studied sediments except station 1 at Yekhshabeh estury in winter season (Cf = 0.91) has no adverse biological effects on aquatic organisms. Finally, the results of statistical analysis of the data showed that the physicochemical parameters of sediments (grain size and total organic matter (TOM)) and the total petroleum hydrocarbons were not correlated, which could indicate the existence of different sources for each studied parameters.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Accurate scientific and practical plan for achieving the goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran within the framework of Vision development 1404 , is the infrastructure achieving sustainable development of the country . Order to achieve the above mentioned objectives and in order to the comprehensive development plans in the country, Iranian fisheries research organization adjust the fifth developing plan for support of executive related departments in country with mobilization a large number researchers consists of several working groups of ifro affiliated research centers . The fifth developing plan consist of three chapters for report of the forth developing plan and intrudction of research , construction plans and financial support (budjet) for period of 2011-2014 A.C .

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was carried out on rivers, basins & qanat of Qom region during the 1376-1378and Fish samples were taken from 2 permanent rivers (Qomrood ,Ghara_chag)& from some seasonal ones (Tagharood, Zavarian, Vesva, Biraghan). Also local fishes was followed in 100 qanats in the region and Random fish sampling was done in permanent river extension out of province. This study aimed to recognize different fish species in the province water reservoir and estimating the fisheries potential in the province. For fish sampling nets such as mashk, salik, hook and hand tailored were used. Electroshoker was not used at all. Results of fish recognition showed that fish samples belong to 12 species & 4 family of "cyprinidae", "Balitoridae", "cyprinodontidae" and "poecilidae".The qanat fishes of the montain (kahak, Khagestan) and pastora area (Ghanavat,jafarabad) included by two families of "cyprinid", "Balitoridea".In some qanat which were connected to rivers more species of fish and anotherAquatic animal were observed & sampled.At the and map of geographical distribution of local fishes was planned.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this study spawning season, brood stocks live place and biological behaviour of Eleutheronema tetradactylum (rashgoo) was identified in the coastal waters of Bushehr province, Persian Gulf from July. 2005 to Sep. 2006. During this time fish samples were collected by the gillnet or set net. With the mesh size of 9 and 25 Cm. A total of 93 fishes were examined in the fishery Research Centre laboratory, Standard length, total weight, gonad and hepatic weight were measured and histological studies on gonads were conducted in this period. Gonadosomatic index was calculated in the different seasons we showed significant differences between research seasons (P〈0.05) the Maximum GSI was in winter and spring with (1-1/2 %) and minimum was in summer and autumn (/15-/22 %). In histological study of ovary had observed five stages in sections: IMMATURE, INITIAL MATURATION, ADVANCED MATURATION, MATURED and SPAWNED. And testicular tissues were showed three stages of the sperm development: Spermatogonia, Spermatocytes and Spermatides or sperm. This study had showed that Higher quantities of brood stock were caught in DAYER region of Bushehr province. The stomach contents observed that small fishes, shrimp and crab were feed by the caught fishes, it means that Eleutheronema tetradactylum (rashgoo).is a carnivorous fish. The results were obtained from this research showed that reproductive season in Four finger thread fine (Eleutheronema tetradactylum) (rashgoo) in the coastal waters of Bushehr was in the could seasons.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Catch/effort statistics of Khouzestan Province collected from Shilat Statistical System in 1379 have been analyzed. Trends in Khouzestan fisheries from 1372 until 1379 have been also investigated, Length frequency samples collected by catch observers in two main landing centers have also been analyzed. For this purpose, some of the most important commercial fish species were selected for length measurements, the highest no.. of fishing units were operating in Abadan area. Total no. of fishing uints in Khouzestan Province have been increased about 9.3% comparing to the previous year. Total NO. of fishing days were about 174486 days, from which 532% was excreted by speed boats and 46.8% by Lenj. Total landed catch was estimated to be about 24061895 kg which was 0.2% less than the previous year. The highest landed catches belonged to Mid, Otolithes ruber and Tenualosa ilisha respectively, estimated biologic parameters fir the selected species show that in most of the cases their exploitation levels are too high.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The project carried out at Shrimp Research station of Bandargah in 2011 to determine the production parameters such as; Average body weight, production, survival and feed conversion ratio in closed- recirculating aquaculture system for shrimp culture. This project was performed in 4 m3 fiberglass tanks. 3 tanks was chosen for the control and 3 were assigned to treatments. Considered Species in this treatment was white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that with a density of 60 pieces per square meter, and was reared for 90 days. culture in control as usual and change water regularly, but the treatments did not change water during the period of culture. Water in the treatment tanks was going to turn the filter system and waste was removed by mechanical and coal filter embedded in the route, and after filtering was transferred to the wastewater tank. Wastewater Was aerated in this tank and after 24 hours was pumped out and return to treatments tanks. In the final of project, mean weight, survival rate and production for control and treatment, was respectively, 18.27 ± 2.84 and 20.70 ± 1.47 g, 73.83 ± 4.14 and 77.17± 13.66 percent, and 0.81 ± 0.14 and 0.97 ± 0.23 kg/m2. Statistical analysis results show that there are no significant differences found between treatments and control (P〉 0.05), although in all the above criteria, the relative improvement was achieved to compared of control. But the results of feed conversion ratio was 1.27 ± 0.16 for treatments that are significantly different (P 〈0.05) with controls (1.56 ± 0.23). This result showed that efficiency of the food was better in closed- recirculating shrimp culture system.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to study on this subject, we chosed four methods of eye ablation (pinching, coutery, cutting, ligation) and without eye ablation with 5 treatments and two repeat. We prepared 10 tank by normal method in broodstock. We stocked 15 shrimps in the ratio of 1:2(male to female) per tank. ln each tank all of condition such as salinity, temperature, pH, light, type and colour of and change of water was equal for all tanks. The only variable factor was methods of eye ablation. After six week - period results showed us that respectively (30,25,20,15 and 5%) of shrimps in treatments reached to stage 4 and spawned. lt shows that the best methods for eye ablation are pinching and cautery on Psemisulcatus.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Tish survey prolonged from summer 2011 trough summer 2012. During this period 574 samples of different fish species were investigated for their parasites. Totally 30 species of parasites isolated of the fishes. Some of the isolated parasites are recorded for the first time in Iran. Rafidascaris acus Orientocreadium siluri, Silurotaenia siluri, Acanthocephalus lucii , Argulus foliaceus has recorded for the first time from European catfish, Silurus glanis, and Dactylogyrus inexpectatus has recorded for the first time from Gibel Carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, in Anzali wetland. Statistical comparison of parasites infections and intensity between the different area of Anzali wetland were done. Infection of Pike, Esox lucius, to Diplostomum spathaceum, Raphidascaris acus and Monogenean in western parts of wetland were significantly different from the Eastern and Central areas (p〈0.05). So based on the data have concluded the eastern and central regions of the wetland are more polluted than the western part. Comparing the results of the present study with before ones showed that the composition of parasite species has been changed over time, while the prevalence, intensity and abundance of parasites have been increased. It may be due to changing environmental conditions such as increasing discharge of effluent, eutrophication of the wetland. This results accents to necessity of reconstruction of Anzali wetland with preference of eastern and central regions.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this study population genetic structure of Mnemiopsis leidyi were examined by 200 samples from the Caspian Sea. Samples were collected from Guilan province (Astara region), Mazandaran province (Amir Abad region), Golestan province (Gomishan region) and north part of the Caspian Sea. 50 samples were colected from each region. DNA was extracted by phenol - chlorophorm method and its concentration was 50 to 100 nanogram . PCR was performed using 18s rRNA gene. The PCR products of samples were digested by 12 restriction endonuclease enzymes. The digested products accompanied with standard marker (50 bp lader ). In order to measure fragment size samples were run on a 6% vertical polyacrylamide gel. The fragments were visualized by silver staining of the polyacrylamide gel. In this study, Dra I and Alu I enzymes showed different digestion pattern, as each of these enzymes had two genotypes. Other enzymes had similar digestion pattern. RAPD method used by 19 random primers. Ten of nineteen primers showed polymorphism patterns. Statistical analysis of data was performed by Popgene software. In this study, the maximum of genetic variation was in north of the Caspian Sea. Also, the maximum of genetic distance was between north area and Golestan coasts (0.089) and the minimum of genetic distance was between Mazandaran and Guilan coasts (0.001). The UOGMA dendogram showed two clusters. The samples of Mazandaran , Guilan and Golestan coasts placed in one cluster and samples of north area in other cluster The genetic diversity was significantly different between samples of north area and Golestan coasts (p≤0.05). As result, there is a significant genetic divergence between some of samples. Therefore, two genetic group of Mnemiopsis leidyi were identified in the Caspian Sea.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This Research has been done monthly in Sefidroud river and its tributaries from Agust 2003 to July 2004 . From the total number of 2027 specimens of caught fish , 800 and 629 were males and females respectively , and 598 specimens were undistinguished. Samples were caught by cast nets. Fork length range of all specimen was 33-255 mm (119.56 ±46) and their weight rang was 0.42-257.5 gr (34.4 ±39.06) gr and their age range was 0-5 (1.76 ±0.959) year. The avrege of relative frequency in C.c.gracilis was 65.1 % . The average of condition factor was 1.07±0.13 . Between Fork length and weight of C.c.gracilis . Was exponential relation and coefficient of correlation was estimated 99.11% . Growth cofficient (k) was 0.114 ; L∞ was estimated 373.5 mm. C.c.g consumed of Chrysophyta phylum more than other Phytoplankton phyla in Sefidroud river and from Bentic point of view, consumed of clay, Filamentous algae detritus, insects, seeds. Absolute fecundity range was 1823-9274 (4553.8 ±2169.1) eggs. Considering the GSI and frequency percent of maturity stages, spawning period of the fish begins from April and peak of spawning is in June and terminates in July.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Shrimp culture and rearing industry in particular white leg shrimp species (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the major activities in the world, including Iran. The outbreaks of diseases are the main factors limiting production. Due to the adverse effects of abusing antibiotics and chemical disinfectants, disease control and prevention requires novel methods that are affordable, effective and safe for the environment and humans. For this purpose during the five months, sampling was done from three main sites of shrimp culture in Bushehr province and 150 pieces cultured white leg shrimp, 135 water and sediment samples were collected from the ponds, input and output channels by standard methods. Physicochemical parameters of water and biometry of shrimps were done and recorded. Probiotic isolation was performed by culturing samples in Tryptic soy agar and TCBS after incubation in 30º C for 24-48 h. The antimicrobial effects of culture extract of isolates were evaluated against V. harveyi with the well diffusion method and the best isolates were selected. The molecular identification of selected bacteria was performed by 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis technique. The growth kinetics of selected bacteria and effect of environmental factors on antimicrobial compound production and stability of them in salinity (1.5-5.5%) and (0-50ppt), pH (5-9) and temperature (3040º C) and (35-100º C) were studied respectively. After the determination of antibiotic resistance profiles of them, the In vivo test on the L. vannamei post larvae was performed and effect of these bacteria on growth performance, prevention of vibriosis and water quality include (ammonia, nitrate nitrite, turbidity, total bacteria and Vibrionaceae load were examined. For extraction and identification of bioactive material with anti-bacterial properties produced by selected bacteria, dialysis, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, ultraviolet spectroscopy and gas chromatography mass was performed. According to the results of this dissertation the most frequency of facultative aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria was seen in shrimp digestion tract (3.04 ± 0.75) ×105 CFU/g in September .Genus Vibrio spp. (37.88%) and Bacillus spp. (27.27%) had the most frequency respectively. Of the 198 bacterial isolates, two bacterial strains from the digestive tract and sediment which had the highest inhibition and a stability antagonistic effect on V. harveyi were selected. Based on 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, they were identified as Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain IS02 (GenBank: JN856456.1) and Bacillus vallismotis IS03 (GenBank: JQ085958.1) and recorded in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). According to results of identifying bioactive material produced by selected bacteria, in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain IS02 did not have any band but Bacillus vallismotis IS03 had two band in 25 kDa and 34-45 kDa molecular weight which probably bacteriocin like substances and group III Bacillus bacteriocin respectively. UV spectra of selected bacteria were in the range (260-265nm) which related to peptide groups. In GC-MS the highest percent of chromatogram was belonged to pyrrolopyrazines in both of selected bacteria, which have antibacterial properties. Overall, according to results both of the selected bacteria were adapted to the ecological conditions of shrimp culture and could be used as appropriate probiotics in this industry. It is hoped that the results of this research is to produce a step towards the realization of national production of indigenous probiotic in Iran.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In conformity with the sex determination of Gracilaria corticata in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, a total of 41 samples were collected from two stations of Bostaneh region (northern Persian Gulf, 54° 38´ E / 26° 30´ N) and Lipar regions (northern Oman Sea, 60° 49´ E / 25° 15´ N). The specimens were cultured in PES media for observing the different life stages. The anatomical structures of thallus were taken into consideration. The diploid tetrasporophytes and spermatangia in thallus of male’s gametophytes; and Carpospore and cystocarps of female were determined. Due to DNA extraction, the parasites and epiphytes were cleaned and then the under growing sections were sectioned using liquid nitrogen. After extraction of DNA, by using 20 different primers according to ISSR molecular indicator, the sex diversity and genetic diversity of populations were studied; and four primers were selected ultimately . The obtained results were analyzed by GenAlex and PopGen softwares. In total, 74 bands, all polymorphisms, were propagated. According to PIC index, polymorphism separation of primer C (0.33) was higher than other primers. The Marker Index was measured between 4.48 and 6.51 with mean Shannon’s index of 0.46. The genetic similarity amongst algae was 96%. The genetic diversity inter and intra populations had significant differences of which 83% of total diversity was related to the intra diversity and 17% was related to inter diversity populations. The highest genetic distance belonged to the specimens 5 (Bostaneh) and 35 (Lipar), and it indicated the inter populations diversity in addition to intra population. As an overall conclusion, these populations can be considered as broodstocks for hybrid production for further species breeding and also to attain the maximum heterosis in adaptation with environment. In Ward clustering analysis, the dendrograms showed 5 different clusters in genetic distance of 12.18 of isomorphic phases. The PCA analysis as a complementally method was used for attest the findings. In this research, the ISSR primers could determine the male and female gametophytes and diploid tetrasporophytes in which the primer A (bands of 1200 & 1700 bp) specific for diploid tetrasporophyte and band of 300 bp specific for male were produced. The primer C showed the bands of 820 & 900 bp for diploid tetrasporophyte, and 500 bp for female gametophyte. The primer AB (990 bp) for male, 520 bp for female and 1600 & 1900 bp for diploid tetrasporophyte were specified. The primer ABC showed the specific band of 1100 bp for male; 500 bp for female; and 1200 & 1500 bp for diploid tetrasporophytes.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Biological characteristics of Liza klunzingeri were studied in two coastal areas, Sajaphi and Bahrekan, of eastern Khuzestan during March to February 2007. Among total 1880 measured fish specimens, 947 specimens were analyzed. The mean value of Gonado-somatic Index (GSI) for the male and female fish were calculated as 0.96± 1.39 and 3.25 ± 3.26 respectively. The GSI value was highest in November and lowest in July. The mean value of condition factor (K) was 1.25± 0.14 in male and 1.21± 0.15 for female. The highest K value were observed in June and the lowest value in February. The lenght at first maturity regardless of sexuality, was found to be 14.5 cm and the time of spawning based on reproduction pattern were determined in Nov- Dec. The length-weight relationship were calculated as Y=0.024L^2.76 (n=226R2=0.72) for males, Y=0.011L^3.00 (n=444R2= 0.78) for females and Y=0.0208L^2.82 (n=670R2 =0.82) for total fishes and also it’s found significant in level lengthweight relationship in (P〈0.05). According to biological characteristics and referring to American fisheries society (AFS) indices and Fuzzy logic expert system, Lize klunzingeri is classified as low vulnerable species.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Without Abstract.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Sturgeon stocks are drastically decreasing in Caspian Sea during recent decades. This project has been proposed to collect the excess sperm of Caspian Sea Southern part sturgeon breeders, to cryopreserve and hold them for further use. During two spawning seasons (2006-2007), sperm quality and quantity analysis were conducted on 34 different male sturgeons of which 12 Persian sturgeon, 4 stellate sturgeon, 1 beluga and 1 ship sturgeon with better quality were chosen to cryopreserve. After dilution of fresh sperm with sturgeon sperm diluent (115 mM Tris, 23.4 mM sucrose and 15% DMSO) at the ratio of 1:1, the 0.5 ml straws were filled using special filling and sealing apparatus and frozen with a multi step freezing rate. To access the further quality and fertilization test, samples were thawed at 40 °C for 20 seconds. During the project performance, 1010 ml of Persian sturgeon sperm , 110 ml of ship sturgeon sperm , 90 ml of stellate and 80 ml of beluga sperm were cryopreserved. The reduction of frozen-thawed sperm motility in comparison with fresh samples showed 10-52.3 % decrease, but there was not any significant differences between samples after 7 months preservation in liquid Nitrogen (P 〈 0.005). River caught Persian sturgeon samples showed higher sperm density in comparison with nonriverine breeders (P 〈 0.05). Data showed that stellate sturgeon sperm showed better resistance to freezing condition in comparison with Persian sturgeon spermatozoa. Fertilization tests (4 hours after fertilization)showed 27.4% and 58.2% fertilization rate in frozen-thawed stellate and Persian sturgeon spermatozoa, respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Study of shrimp stock was carried out from September 2007 to November 2009 in west of Khuzestan coastal waters. In this period, twelve cruises in Life- Buseif (western coastal area) were carried using shrimp trawl net. In Life- Buseif fishing area, the CPUE of total shrimp was the highest (44.2 kg/ h) in 21st October 2008. In this area, the highest biomass of total shrimps was in same time (982.4 t). This value was 808.5 t for M. affinis. Maximum mean length of males and females of M.affinis were observed in 4th November 2009 (12.1 & 11.3 cm respectively). Maximum and minimum sex ratio (f:m) of this species was 1.8:1 in 15th November 2008 and 0.6:1 in 3rd November 2008. Relative frequency of shrimp in total catch was observed in November (22.2%). According to the results of this study, shrimp catch season was opened in Life- Buseif from 4th Nov until 24th Dec 2007, from 24th Oct until 14th Dec 2008 and from 27th Oct until 17th Dec 2009.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published