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  • Cloning, Molecular  (89)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (89)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 1985-1989  (89)
  • 1988  (45)
  • 1987  (44)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (89)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Years
  • 1985-1989  (89)
Year
  • 1
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    A "selfish" B chromosome that enhances its transmission by eliminating the paternal genome (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-22
    Description: In the parasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, males are haploid and usually develop from unfertilized eggs, whereas females are diploid and develop from fertilized eggs. Some individuals in this species carry a genetic element, termed psr (paternal sex ratio), which is transmitted through sperm and causes condensation and subsequent loss of paternal chromosomes in fertilized eggs, thus converting diploid females into haploid males. In this report the psr trait was shown to be caused by a supernumerary chromosome. This B chromosome contains at least three repetitive DNA sequences that do not cross-hybridize to each other or to the host genome. The psr chromosome apparently produces a trans-acting product responsible for condensation of the paternal chromosomes, but is itself insensitive to the effect. Because the psr chromosome enhances its transmission by eliminating the rest of the genome, it can be considered the most "selfish" genetic element yet described.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nur, U -- Werren, J H -- Eickbush, D G -- Burke, W D -- Eickbush, T H -- GM31867/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 22;240(4851):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Rochester, NY 14627.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3358129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Satellite ; Diploidy ; Haploidy ; Hymenoptera/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Ratio ; Wasps/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Molecular cloning of odorant-binding protein: member of a ligand carrier family (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-15
    Description: Odorant-binding protein (OBP) is found in nasal epithelium, and it selectively binds odorants. Three complementary DNAs encoding rat odorant-binding protein have now been cloned and sequenced. One clone contains an open reading frame predicted to encode an 18,091-dalton protein. RNA blot analysis confirms the localization of OBP messenger RNA in the nasal epithelium. This OBP has 33 percent amino acid identity to alpha 2-microglobulin, a secreted plasma protein. Other members of an alpha 2-microglobulin superfamily bind and transport hydrophobic ligands. Thus, OBP probably binds and carries odorants within the nasal epithelium to putative olfactory receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pevsner, J -- Reed, R R -- Feinstein, P G -- Snyder, S H -- DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- GM-07626/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA16519-13/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):336-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3388043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nasal Mucosa/*physiology ; Rats ; *Receptors, Odorant ; Smell/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 3
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    Transient expression shows ligand gating and allosteric potentiation of GABAA receptor subunits (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-02
    Description: Human gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor subunits were expressed transiently in cultured mammalian cells. This expression system allows the simultaneous characterization of ligand-gated ion channels by electrophysiology and by pharmacology. Thus, coexpression of the alpha and beta subunits of the GABAA receptor generated GABA-gated chloride channels and binding sites for GABAA receptor ligands. Channels consisting of only alpha or beta subunits could also be detected. These homomeric channels formed with reduced efficiencies compared to the heteromeric receptors. Both of these homomeric GABA-responsive channels were potentiated by barbiturate, indicating that sites for both ligand-gating and allosteric potentiation are present on receptors assembled from either subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pritchett, D B -- Sontheimer, H -- Gorman, C M -- Kettenmann, H -- Seeburg, P H -- Schofield, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 2;242(4883):1306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, ZMBH, University of Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2848320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Blotting, Northern ; Cells, Cultured ; Chloride Channels ; Chlorides/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electric Conductivity ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/*physiology ; Muscimol/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Cloning of a lymphoid-specific cDNA encoding a protein binding the regulatory octamer DNA motif (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: An octamer DNA sequence plays a critical role in directing transcription of immunoglobulin genes in B lymphocytes. A new technique of direct binding of radioactive DNA was used to screen a complementary DNA expression library from the BJAB cell line in lambda gt11 phage to derive molecular cDNA clones representing a putative B lymphocyte-specific octamer binding protein. The plaques were screened with DNA containing four copies of the octamer sequence and positive phage recombinants were identified. The fusion protein produced on inducing a lysogen of one phage bound to a monomeric octamer probe. The cDNA insert from this phage hybridized to messenger RNA found in B lymphocytes, but not in most other cells. Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct-2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell-specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Staudt, L M -- Clerc, R G -- Singh, H -- LeBowitz, J H -- Sharp, P A -- Baltimore, D -- P01-CA42063/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CAL4051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):577-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3399892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Cloning of a membrane protein that induces a slow voltage-gated potassium current (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-18
    Description: A rat kidney messenger RNA that induces a slowly activating, voltage-dependent potassium current on its expression in Xenopus oocytes was identified by combining molecular cloning with an electrophysiological assay. The cloned complementary DNA encodes a novel membrane protein that consists of 130 amino acids with a single putative transmembrane domain. This protein differs from the known ion channel proteins but is involved in the induction of selective permeation of potassium ions by membrane depolarization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takumi, T -- Ohkubo, H -- Nakanishi, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 18;242(4881):1042-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Immunology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3194754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Electric Conductivity ; Membrane Potentials ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Potassium Channels/*physiology ; Rats ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    In situ transcription: specific synthesis of complementary DNA in fixed tissue sections (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-06-17
    Description: A technique, in situ transcription, is described, in which reverse transcription of mRNAs is achieved within fixed tissue sections. An oligonucleotide complementary to proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA was used as a primer for the specific synthesis of radiolabeled POMC cDNA in fixed sections of rat pituitary, thus permitting the rapid anatomical localization of POMC mRNA by autoradiography. Intermediate lobe signal intensities were sensitive to dopaminergic drugs, demonstrating that the method can be used for studies of mRNA regulation. The transcripts may also be eluted from tissue sections for a variety of uses, including the identification and cloning of autoradiographically localized cDNAs from small amounts of tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tecott, L H -- Barchas, J D -- Eberwine, J H -- DA-05010/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH-23861/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH09099/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jun 17;240(4859):1661-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nancy Pritzker Laboratory of Behavioral Neurochemistry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2454508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Deoxycytidine/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligonucleotides/genetics ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Rats ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Reshaping human antibodies: grafting an antilysozyme activity (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-25
    Description: The production of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology has proved difficult, and this has prompted the "humanizing" of mouse monoclonal antibodies by recombinant DNA techniques. It was shown previously that the binding site for a small hapten could be grafted from the heavy-chain variable domain of a mouse antibody to that of a human myeloma protein by transplanting the hypervariable loops. It is now shown that a large binding site for a protein antigen (lysozyme) can also be transplanted from mouse to human heavy chain. The success of such constructions may be facilitated by an induced-fit mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Verhoeyen, M -- Milstein, C -- Winter, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 25;239(4847):1534-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2451287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Binding, Competitive ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Epitopes/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/genetics/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muramidase/*immunology ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 8
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    Human ribosomal RNA genes: orientation of the tandem array and conservation of the 5' end (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-01
    Description: The multiple copies of the human ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) are arranged as tandem repeat clusters that map to the middle of the short arms of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22. Concerted evolution of the gene family is thought to be mediated by interchromosomal recombination between rDNA repeat units, but such events would also result in conservation of the sequences distal to the rDNA on these five pairs of chromosomes. To test this possibility, a DNA fragment spanning the junction between rDNA and distal flanking sequence has been cloned and characterized. Restriction maps, sequence data, and gene mapping studies demonstrate that (i) the rRNA genes are transcribed in a telomere-to-centromere direction, (ii) the 5' end of the cluster and the adjacent non-rDNA sequences are conserved on the five pairs of chromosomes, and (iii) the 5' end of the cluster is positioned about 3.7 kb upstream from the transcription initiation site of the first repeat unit. The data support a model of concerted evolution by interchromosomal recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Worton, R G -- Sutherland, J -- Sylvester, J E -- Willard, H F -- Bodrug, S -- Dube, I -- Duff, C -- Kean, V -- Ray, P N -- Schmickel, R D -- HD-13506/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 1;239(4835):64-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genetics Department, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3336775" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Large microtubule-associated protein of T. brucei has tandemly repeated, near-identical sequences (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-22
    Description: The parasitic protozoon Trypanosoma brucei contains a highly organized membrane skeleton, consisting of a dense array of parallel, singlet microtubules that are laterally interconnected and that are also in tight contact with the overlying cell membrane. A high molecular weight, heat-stable protein from this membrane skeleton was isolated that is localized along the microtubules. Protease digestion experiments and sequencing of a cloned gene segment showed that most of the protein is built up by more than 50 nearly identical tandem repeats with a periodicity of 38 amino acids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schneider, A -- Hemphill, A -- Wyler, T -- Seebeck, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 22;241(4864):459-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Universitat Bern, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3393912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cell Membrane/ultrastructure ; Cloning, Molecular ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*analysis/genetics ; Microtubules/ultrastructure ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/*analysis/genetics/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Protection of cattle against rinderpest with vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the HA or F gene (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-18
    Description: Rinderpest is a highly contagious ruminant viral disease manifested by a rapid course and greater than 90% mortality. Infectious vaccinia virus recombinants were constructed that express either the hemagglutinin or the fusion gene of rinderpest virus. All cattle vaccinated with either recombinant or with the combined recombinants produced neutralizing antibodies against rinderpest virus and were protected against the disease when challenged with more than 1000 times the lethal dose of the virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yilma, T -- Hsu, D -- Jones, L -- Owens, S -- Grubman, M -- Mebus, C -- Yamanaka, M -- Dale, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 18;242(4881):1058-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis 95616.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3194758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cloning, Molecular ; Hemagglutinins, Viral/genetics/*immunology ; Immunologic Memory ; Rinderpest/*prevention & control ; Vaccination ; *Vaccines ; *Vaccines, Synthetic ; Vaccinia virus/genetics ; Viral Fusion Proteins/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Low plasma cholesterol levels caused by a short deletion in the apolipoprotein B gene (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia is a syndrome in which the plasma levels of apolipoprotein B (apo-B) and cholesterol are abnormally low. A truncated species of apo-B was identified in the plasma lipoproteins of members of a kindred with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia. DNA sequencing studies on genomic clones and enzymatically amplified genomic DNA samples revealed a four-base pair deletion in the apo-B gene. This short deletion, which results in a frameshift and a premature stop codon, accounts for the truncated apo-B species and explains the low apo-B and low cholesterol levels in this family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, S G -- Northey, S T -- McCarthy, B J -- HL-01672-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-14197/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-38781-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):591-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gladstone Foundation Laboratories for Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco 94140-0608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3399894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apolipoproteins B/*genetics ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Chromosome Deletion ; Cloning, Molecular ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Hypobetalipoproteinemias/*genetics ; Hypolipoproteinemias/*genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree
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  • 12
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    Orphan interferon finds a new home (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 1;239(4835):25-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3276001" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Products/physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytokines ; Humans ; Interferon Type I/*physiology ; Viral Interference
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  • 13
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    Expression of a calcium-mobilizing parathyroid hormone-like peptide in lactating mammary tissue (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-14
    Description: A survey of rat tissues by RNA analysis, aimed at uncovering the physiological function of the parathyroid hormone-like peptide (PTH-LP) associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy, revealed the presence of a 1.5-kilobase messenger RNA encoding this peptide in lactating mammary glands. PTH-LP messenger RNA is expressed in mammary tissue only during lactation; it appears and disappears rapidly (2 to 4 hours) as a function of the sucking stimulus. The identity of this messenger RNA was confirmed by cloning the rat PTH-LP complementary DNA, which predicts a peptide with strong similarity to the human homolog. Moreover, extracts from lactating mammary tissue stimulated parathyroid hormone-dependent adenylate cyclase. These findings suggest that PTH-LP plays a physiological role in lactation, possibly as a hormone for the mobilization or transfer (or both) of calcium to the milk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiede, M A -- Rodan, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 14;242(4876):278-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Bone Biology and Osteoporosis Research, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Lactation/*metabolism ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/*metabolism ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Tissue Distribution
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  • 14
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    Yeast KEX2 endopeptidase correctly cleaves a neuroendocrine prohormone in mammalian cells (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-08
    Description: Mammalian cell lines (BSC-40, NG108-15, and GH4C1) that cannot process the murine neuroendocrine peptide precursor prepro-opiomelanocortin (mPOMC) when its synthesis is directed by a vaccinia virus vector were coinfected with a second recombinant vaccinia virus carrying the yeast KEX2 gene, which encodes an endopeptidase that cleaves at pairs of basic amino acid residues. mPOMC was cleaved intracellularly to a set of product peptides normally found in vivo, including mature gamma-lipotropin and beta-endorphin1-31. In GH4C1 cells (a rat pituitary line), product peptides were incorporated into stored secretory granules. These results suggest that the inability of any particular cell line to process a prohormone precursor is due to the absence of a suitable endogenous processing enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, G -- Thorne, B A -- Thomas, L -- Allen, R G -- Hruby, D E -- Fuller, R -- Thorner, J -- AI20563/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK37274/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- HD18438/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 8;241(4862):226-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vollum Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3291117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Endopeptidases/*metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/*metabolism ; Protein Precursors/*metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology
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  • 15
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    Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-29
    Description: A thermostable DNA polymerase was used in an in vitro DNA amplification procedure, the polymerase chain reaction. The enzyme, isolated from Thermus aquaticus, greatly simplifies the procedure and, by enabling the amplification reaction to be performed at higher temperatures, significantly improves the specificity, yield, sensitivity, and length of products that can be amplified. Single-copy genomic sequences were amplified by a factor of more than 10 million with very high specificity, and DNA segments up to 2000 base pairs were readily amplified. In addition, the method was used to amplify and detect a target DNA molecule present only once in a sample of 10(5) cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saiki, R K -- Gelfand, D H -- Stoffel, S -- Scharf, S J -- Higuchi, R -- Horn, G T -- Mullis, K B -- Erlich, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cetus Corporation, Department of Human Genetics, Emeryville, CA 94608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2448875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Globins/genetics ; *Hot Temperature ; Humans ; *Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/genetics ; Thermus/enzymology
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  • 16
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    cDNA expression cloning of the IL-1 receptor, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: Interleukin-1 alpha and -1 beta (IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta) are cytokines that participate in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and hematopoiesis. A direct expression strategy was used to clone the receptor for IL-1 from mouse T cells. The product of the cloned complementary DNA binds both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in a manner indistinguishable from that of the native T cell IL-1 receptor. The extracellular, IL-1 binding portion of the receptor is 319 amino acids in length and is composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains. The cytoplasmic portion of the receptor is 217 amino acids long.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sims, J E -- March, C J -- Cosman, D -- Widmer, M B -- MacDonald, H R -- McMahan, C J -- Grubin, C E -- Wignall, J M -- Jackson, J L -- Call, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):585-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunex Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2969618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Immunoglobulin ; Interleukin-1/*physiology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Multigene Family ; Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-1
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  • 17
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    Many transcription factors interact synergistically with steroid receptors (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-09
    Description: Progesterone (PRE) or glucocorticoid receptor (GRE) DNA binding sites are often found clustered with binding sites for other transcription factors. Individual protein binding sites were tested without the influence of adjacent factors by analyzing isolated combinations of several transcription factor binding sites with PREs or GREs. All show strong synergistic effects on steroid induction. The degree of synergism is inversely related to the strength of the GRE. Thus, a steroid responsive unit can be composed of several modules that, if positioned correctly, act synergistically.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schule, R -- Muller, M -- Kaltschmidt, C -- Renkawitz, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 9;242(4884):1418-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck Institut fur Biochemie, Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3201230" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cloning, Molecular ; Genes ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism ; Transfection
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Gene encoding the beta subunit of S100 protein is on chromosome 21: implications for Down syndrome (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-11
    Description: S100 protein is a calcium-binding protein found predominantly in the vertebrate nervous system. Genomic and complementary DNA probes were used in conjunction with a panel of rodent-human somatic cell hybrids to assign the gene for the beta subunit of S100 protein to the distal half of the long arm of human chromosome 21. This gene was identified as a candidate sequence which, when expressed in the trisomic state, may underlie the neurologic disturbances in Down syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allore, R -- O'Hanlon, D -- Price, R -- Neilson, K -- Willard, H F -- Cox, D R -- Marks, A -- Dunn, R J -- 140-17001/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1311-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2964086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Cloning, Molecular ; Down Syndrome/*genetics ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; S100 Proteins/*genetics
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  • 19
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    Single subunits of the GABAA receptor form ion channels with properties of the native receptor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-28
    Description: The alpha and beta subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptor were expressed individually in Xenopus oocytes by injection of RNA synthesized from their cloned DNAs. GABA-sensitive chloride channels were detected several days after injection with any one of three different alpha RNAs (alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3) or with beta RNA. The channels induced by each of the alpha-subunit RNAs were indistinguishable, they had multiple conductance levels (10, 19, 28, and 42 picosiemens), and their activity was potentiated by pentobarbital and inhibited by picrotoxin. The beta channels usually expressed poorly but showed similar single channel conductance levels (10, 18, 27, and 40 picosiemens), potentiation by pentobarbital and inhibition by picrotoxin. The finding that both alpha and beta subunits, examined separately, form GABA-sensitive ion channels with permeation properties and regulatory sites characteristic of the native receptor suggests that the amino acid sequences that confer these properties are within the homologous domains shared by the subunits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blair, L A -- Levitan, E S -- Marshall, J -- Dionne, V E -- Barnard, E A -- NS20962/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 28;242(4878):577-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2845583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chloride Channels ; Chlorides/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electric Conductivity ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/*physiology ; Picrotoxin/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/administration & dosage ; Receptors, GABA-A/*physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xenopus laevis ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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  • 20
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    Identification of germline and somatic mutations affecting the retinoblastoma gene (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-30
    Description: Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant tumor of developing retina that arises when abnormalities resulting in loss of function affect both alleles of the gene at the retinoblastoma locus (RB1) on chromosome 13q. The majority of RB tumors do not show gross alterations in a 4.7-kb fragment (4.7R), which is a candidate RB1 gene. To search for more subtle mutations, the ribonuclease protection method was used to analyze 4.7R messenger RNA from RB tumors. Five of 11 RB tumors, which exhibit normal 4.7R DNA and normal-sized RNA transcripts, showed abnormal ribonuclease cleavage patterns. Three of the five mutations affected the same region of the messenger RNA, consistent with an effect on splicing involving an as yet unidentified 5' exon. The high frequency of mutations in 4.7R supports the identification of 4.7R as the RB1 gene. However, the unusual nature of some of the abnormalities of 4.7 R alleles indicates that the accepted sequence of genetic events involved in the genesis of RB may require reevaluation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dunn, J M -- Phillips, R A -- Becker, A J -- Gallie, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 30;241(4874):1797-800.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hospital for Sick Children, Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Retinoblastoma/*genetics
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  • 21
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    Virus-specific splicing inhibitor in extracts from cells infected with HIV-1 (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-09-16
    Description: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), in contrast with most other retroviruses, encodes trans-regulatory proteins for virus gene expression. It is shown in this study, by means of an in vitro splicing system, that nuclear extracts obtained from cells infected with HIV-1 contain a factor (or factors) that specifically inhibits splicing of a synthetic SP6/HIV pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA)-containing donor and acceptor splice sites in the coding region for the envelope protein. It is also shown that the SP6/HIV pre-mRNA is not capable of assembly in a ribonucleoprotein complex, spliceosome, in extracts from infected cells. These findings raise the possibility that specific inhibition of pre-mRNA splicing in the envelope protein coding region by HIV-1 trans-regulatory factors might be one control mechanism for efficient production of structural viral proteins and virion assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutman, D -- Goldenberg, C J -- AI-24479/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1492-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3047873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HIV/*genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Viral/*genetics ; Ribonucleoproteins/physiology
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  • 22
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    Hormone-sensitive lipase: sequence, expression, and chromosomal localization to 19 cent-q13.3 (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-16
    Description: Hormone-sensitive lipase, a key enzyme in fatty acid mobilization, overall energy homeostasis, and possibly steroidogenesis, is acutely controlled through reversible phosphorylation by catecholamines and insulin. The 757-amino acid sequence predicted from a cloned rat adipocyte complementary DNA showed no homology with any other known lipase or protein. The activity-controlling phosphorylation site was localized to Ser563 in a markedly hydrophilic domain, and a lipid-binding consensus site was tentatively identified. One or several messenger RNA species (3.3, 3.5, or 3.9 kilobases) were expressed in adipose and steroidogenic tissues and heart and skeletal muscle. The human hormone-sensitive lipase gene mapped to chromosome 19 cent-q13.3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holm, C -- Kirchgessner, T G -- Svenson, K L -- Fredrikson, G -- Nilsson, S -- Miller, C G -- Shively, J E -- Heinzmann, C -- Sparkes, R S -- Mohandas, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1503-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry, University of Lund, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3420405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Rats ; Sterol Esterase/*genetics
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  • 23
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    A persistent untranslated sequence within bacteriophage T4 DNA topoisomerase gene 60 (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-02-26
    Description: A 50-nucleotide untranslated region is shown to be present within the coding sequence of Escherichia coli bacteriophage T4 gene 60, which encodes one of the subunits for its type II DNA topoisomerase. This interruption is part of the transcribed messenger RNA and appears not to be removed before translation. Thus, the usual colinearity between messenger RNA and the encoded protein sequence apparently does not exist in this case. The interruption is bracketed by a direct repeat of five base pairs. A mechanism is proposed in which folding of the untranslated region brings together codons separated by the interruption so that the elongating ribosome may skip the 50 nucleotides during translation. The alternative possibility, that the protein is efficiently translated from a very minor and undetectable form of processed messenger RNA, seems unlikely, but has not been completely ruled out.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, W M -- Ao, S Z -- Casjens, S -- Orlandi, R -- Zeikus, R -- Weiss, R -- Winge, D -- Fang, M -- GM 21960/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 26;239(4843):1005-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular, Viral and Molecular Biology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City 84132.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2830666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Genes, Viral ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Plasmids ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; T-Phages/enzymology/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 24
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    Molecular characterization of a functional cDNA encoding the serotonin 1c receptor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: Neurons that release serotonin as a neurotransmitter project to most regions of the central and peripheral nervous system and mediate diverse neural functions. The physiological effects of serotonin are initiated by the activation of multiple, distinct receptor subtypes. Cloning in RNA expression vectors was combined with a sensitive electrophysiological assay in Xenopus oocytes in order to isolate a functional cDNA clone encoding the 5HTlc serotonin receptor. Injection of RNA transcribed in vitro from this clone into Xenopus oocytes elicits serotonin sensitivity. Mouse fibroblasts transformed with this clone bind serotonin agonists and antagonists and exhibit an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in response to serotonin. The sequence of the 5HTlc receptor reveals that it belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors, which are thought to traverse the cytoplasmic membrane seven times. Moreover, in situ hybridization and RNA blot analysis indicate that the 5HTlc receptor is expressed in neurons in many regions of the central nervous system and suggest that this subclass of receptor may mediate many of the central actions of serotonin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Julius, D -- MacDermott, A B -- Axel, R -- Jessell, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):558-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3399891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Fibroblasts/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/physiology ; Phosphoproteins/physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin/*genetics ; Serotonin/*physiology ; Xenopus laevis
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  • 25
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    A chemoattractant receptor controls development in Dictyostelium discoideum (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-09-16
    Description: During the early stages of its developmental program, Dictyostelium discoideum expresses cell surface cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) receptors. It has been suggested that these receptors coordinate the aggregation of individual cells into a multicellular organism and regulate the expression of a large number of developmentally regulated genes. The complementary DNA (cDNA) for the cyclic AMP receptor has now been cloned from lambda gt-11 libraries by screening with specific antiserum. The 2-kilobase messenger RNA (mRNA) that encodes the receptor is undetectable in growing cells, rises to a maximum at 3 to 4 hours of development, and then declines. In vitro transcribed complementary RNA, when hybridized to cellular mRNA, specifically arrests in vitro translation of the receptor polypeptide. When the cDNA is expressed in Dictyostelium cells, the undifferentiated cells specifically bind cyclic AMP. Cell lines transformed with a vector that expresses complementary mRNA (antisense) do not express the cyclic AMP receptor protein. These cells fail to enter the aggregation stage of development during starvation, whereas control and wild-type cells aggregate and complete the developmental program within 24 hours. The phenotype of the antisense transformants suggests that the cyclic AMP receptor is essential for development. The deduced amino acid sequence of the receptor reveals a high percentage of hydrophobic residues grouped in seven domains, similar to the rhodopsins and other receptors believed to interact with G proteins. It shares amino acid sequence identity and is immunologically cross-reactive with bovine rhodopsin. A model is proposed in which the cyclic AMP receptor crosses the bilayer seven times with a serine-rich cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus, the proposed site of ligand-induced receptor phosphorylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klein, P S -- Sun, T J -- Saxe, C L 3rd -- Kimmel, A R -- Johnson, R L -- Devreotes, P N -- GM 34933/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1467-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3047871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dictyostelium/*growth & development/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Cyclic AMP/*physiology ; Solubility
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  • 26
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    Fertilization events induced by neurotransmitters after injection of mRNA in Xenopus eggs (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-22
    Description: Fertilization initiates in the egg a dramatic increase in intracellular calcium that opens ion channels and causes exocytosis. To explore the possibility that these events might involve a receptor-mediated pathway, receptors for serotonin or acetylcholine (M1 muscarinic) were expressed in the Xenopus egg; serotonin or acetylcholine then could initiate a series of responses similar to those normally initiated by sperm. Thus, there may be an endogenous receptor in the egg membrane that is activated by sperm, and the serotonin or M1 muscarinic receptor may replace the sperm receptor in this pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kline, D -- Simoncini, L -- Mandel, G -- Maue, R A -- Kado, R T -- Jaffe, L A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 22;241(4864):464-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3134693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytoplasmic Granules/physiology ; Endocytosis ; Exocytosis ; Female ; *Fertilization ; GTP-Binding Proteins/physiology ; Genetic Engineering ; Inositol Phosphates/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*physiology ; Receptors, Serotonin/*physiology ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Xenopus laevis
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  • 27
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    Evidence that the M2 membrane-spanning region lines the ion channel pore of the nicotinic receptor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-16
    Description: Site-directed mutagenesis and expression in Xenopus oocytes were used to study acetylcholine receptors in which serine residues (i) were replaced by alanines (alpha, delta subunits) or (ii) replaced a phenylalanine (beta subunit) at a postulated polar site within the M2 transmembrane helix. As the number of serines decreased, there were decreases in the residence time and consequently the equilibrium binding affinity of QX-222, a quaternary ammonium anesthetic derivative thought to bind within the open channel. Receptors with three serine-to-alanine mutations also displayed a selective decrease in outward single-channel currents. Both the direction of this rectification and the voltage dependence of QX-222 blockade suggest that the residues mutated are within the aqueous pore of the receptor and near its cytoplasmic (inner) surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leonard, R J -- Labarca, C G -- Charnet, P -- Davidson, N -- Lester, H A -- NS-11756/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-8083/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 16;242(4885):1578-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2462281" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electric Conductivity ; Female ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Mutation ; Oocytes/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus
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    Heterologous expression of excitability proteins: route to more specific drugs? (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-08-26
    Description: Many clinically important drugs act on the intrinsic membrane proteins (ion channels, receptors, and ion pumps) that control cell excitability. A major goal of pharmacology has been to develop drugs that are more specific for a particular subtype of excitability molecule. DNA cloning has revealed that many excitability proteins are encoded by multigene families and that the diversity of previously recognized pharmacological subtypes is matched, and probably surpassed, by the diversity of messenger RNAs that encode excitability molecules. In general, the diverse subtypes retain their properties when the excitability proteins are expressed in foreign cells such as oocytes and mammalian cell lines. Such heterologous expression may therefore become a tool for testing drugs against specific subtypes. In a systematic research program to exploit this possibility, major considerations include alternative processing of messenger RNA for excitability proteins, coupling to second-messenger systems, and expression of enough protein to provide material for structural studies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lester, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 26;241(4869):1057-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2457947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Physiological Phenomena ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Ion Channels/drug effects/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; *Pharmacology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects/genetics/physiology
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    A previously undetected MHC gene with an unusual periodic structure (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-04-08
    Description: The major histocompatibility complex is a chromosomal segment embodying several gene clusters among which those with immune functions are the best characterized. This region is suspected to host other as yet undetected genes whose characterization may shed light on the population genetics and evolution of the whole gene complex and thus on its unexplained character of marker locus for a number of diseases of nonimmune or unknown pathogenesis. A novel gene was identified that is transcribed in all tissues tested and is located in mouse and man between the CA and Bf genes of the H-2 and HLA complexes, respectively. From the nucleotide sequence, derived from liver complementary DNA clones, it is predicted that this novel single-copy gene encodes a 42-kilodalton polypeptide that bears no recognizable relation to the protein families known so far, but it displays striking hallmarks of natural selection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levi-Strauss, M -- Carroll, M C -- Steinmetz, M -- Meo, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 8;240(4849):201-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM U 276, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3353717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Genes ; Liver/physiology ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Periodicity ; Selection, Genetic
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    Type-restricted neutralization of molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-07-15
    Description: In a study of the immunologic significance of the genetic diversity present within single isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the neutralization of viruses derived from molecular clones of the HIV-1 strain HTLV-IIIB by an extensive panel of sera was compared. Sera from HIV-1-infected patients and from goats immunized with polyacrylamide gel-purified HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120), native gp120, or gp120-derived recombinant peptides, showed marked heterogeneity in neutralizing activity against these closely related viruses. The change of a single amino acid residue in gp120 may account for such "clonal restriction" of neutralizing activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Looney, D J -- Fisher, A G -- Putney, S D -- Rusche, J R -- Redfield, R R -- Burke, D S -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Viral Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3388046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Binding, Competitive ; Cloning, Molecular ; HIV/genetics/*immunology ; HIV Seropositivity/immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neutralization Tests ; Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis/immunology
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    Yeast HAP2 and HAP3: transcriptional activators in a heteromeric complex (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-04-15
    Description: Transcription of the yeast C upsilon C1 gene (iso-1-cytochrome c) is regulated in part by the upstream activation site UAS2. Activity of UAS2 requires both the HAP2 and HAP3 activators, which bind to UAS2 in an interdependent manner. To distinguish whether these factors bound to UAS2 cooperatively or formed a complex in the absence of DNA, HAP2 and HAP3 were tagged by gene fusion to LexA and beta-galactosidase, respectively, and purified through four chromatographic steps. The copurification of LexA-HAP2, HAP3 beta-galactosidase, and UAS2 binding activity shows that HAP2 and HAP3 associate in the absence of DNA to form a multisubunit activation complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hahn, S -- Guarente, L -- 5RO1 GM3044-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):317-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2832951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytochrome c Group/*genetics ; *Cytochromes c ; Galactosidases/*genetics ; *Genes ; *Genes, Fungal ; *Genes, Regulator ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; *Serine Endopeptidases ; *Transcription, Genetic ; beta-Galactosidase/*genetics
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    The yeast cell cycle gene CDC34 encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-09-09
    Description: Mutants in the gene CDC34 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are defective in the transition from G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. This gene was cloned and shown to encode a 295-residue protein that has substantial sequence similarity to the product of the yeast RAD6 gene. The RAD6 gene is required for a variety of cellular functions including DNA repair and was recently shown to encode a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. When produced in Escherichia coli, the CDC34 gene product catalyzed the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to histones H2A and H2B in vitro, demonstrating that the CDC34 protein is another distinct member of the family of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. The cell cycle function of CDC34 is thus likely to be mediated by the ubiquitin-conjugating activity of its product.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goebl, M G -- Yochem, J -- Jentsch, S -- McGrath, J P -- Varshavsky, A -- Byers, B -- GM18541/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM31530/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 9;241(4871):1331-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2842867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Cycle ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Genes, Fungal ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics ; Ubiquitins/*metabolism
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    Chromosomal gene transfer in Spiroplasma citri (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-08-19
    Description: The study of resistance marker rearrangement in Spiroplasma citri mutants provides evidence of transfer of chromosomal information followed by recombination. This is the first report of such a transfer in vivo in the mollicutes--that is, in the smallest self-replicating organisms. The double-resistant phenotypes obtained are stable even without selection pressure. The mechanism of gene transfer is insensitive to deoxyribonuclease, requires contact, and possibly, areas of fusion of the cell membranes; it shares properties with the transfer by protoplast fusion in Gram-positive bacteria. The extensive degenerative evolution of mollicutes has retained, in S. citri, bacterial functions of chromosomal transfer and recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barroso, G -- Labarere, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 19;241(4868):959-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire, Universite de Bordeaux II-INRA, C.R.A. de Bordeaux, Pont-de-la-Maye, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3261453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arsenates/pharmacology ; *Chromosomes, Bacterial ; Cloning, Molecular ; Culture Media ; Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics ; Herbicides/pharmacology ; Mutation ; Oxides/pharmacology ; Phenotype ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Spiroplasma/drug effects/*genetics ; Time Factors ; *Transfection ; Vanadates/pharmacology
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    Expression of a distinctive BCR-ABL oncogene in Ph1-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-02-12
    Description: The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) is a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 that is found in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and a subset of acute lymphocytic leukemia patients (ALL). In CML, this results in the expression of a chimeric 8.5-kilobase BCR-ABL transcript that encodes the P210BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. The Ph1 chromosome in ALL expresses a distinct ABL-derived 7-kilobase messenger RNA that encodes the P185ALL-ABL protein. Since the expression of different oncogene products may play a role in the distinctive presentation of Ph1-positive ALL versus CML, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis for the expression of P185ALL-ABL. Both P210BCR-ABL and P185ALL-ABL are recognized by an antiserum directed to BCR determinants in the amino-terminal region of both proteins. Antisera to BCR determinants proximal to the BCR-ABL junction in CML immunoprecipitated P210BCR-ABL but not P185ALL-ABL. Nucleotide sequence analysis of complementary DNA clones made from RNA from the Ph1-positive ALL SUP-B15 cell line, and S1 nuclease protection analysis confirmed the presence of BCR-ABL chimeric transcripts in Ph1-positive ALL cells. In Ph1-positive ALL, ABL sequences were joined to BCR sequences approximately 1.5 kilobases 5' of the CML junction. P185ALL-ABL represents the product of a BCR-ABL fusion gene in Ph1-positive ALL that is distinct from the BCR-ABL fusion gene of CML.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, S S -- McLaughlin, J -- Timmons, M -- Pendergast, A M -- Ben-Neriah, Y -- Dow, L W -- Crist, W -- Rovera, G -- Smith, S D -- Witte, O N -- CA-20180/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-34233/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 12;239(4841 Pt 1):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, UCLA 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3422516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Oncogenes ; *Philadelphia Chromosome ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Insertional mutagenesis of the Drosophila genome with single P elements (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-03-04
    Description: A versatile genetic method for identifying and cloning Drosophila melanogaster genes affecting any recognizable phenotype is described. Strains are constructed in which the insertion of a single P transposable element has caused a new mutation, greatly simplifying the genetic and molecular analysis of the affected gene. Mutagenesis is initiated by crossing two strains, each of which contains a specially designed P element. One element (jumpstarter), encoding P element transposase, efficiently mobilizes the second nonautonomous transposon (mutator), whose structure facilitates selection and cloning of new insertion mutations. Random mutator transpositions are captured in individual stocks that no longer contain jumpstarter, where they remain stable. This method was used to construct 1300 single P element insertion stocks which were then screened for recessive mutations. A library of single-element insertion strains will allow the structure and function of Drosophila genes to be readily correlated, and should have many other applications in Drosophila molecular genetics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooley, L -- Kelley, R -- Spradling, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 4;239(4844):1121-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, MD 21210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2830671" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosomes ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Recombinant ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; *Mutation ; Transformation, Genetic
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    Isotypic exclusion of gamma delta T cell receptors in transgenic mice bearing a rearranged beta-chain gene (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-08-26
    Description: The rearrangement of T cell antigen receptor beta- and gamma-chain gene segments was studied in transgenic mice that bear a functional beta-chain gene. Virtually all CD3-positive T cells derived from transgenic mice express beta chains containing the transgene-encoded V beta 8.2 variable region on their surfaces and do not express endogenous beta-chain variable regions. Expression of endogenous V beta genes is inhibited at the level of somatic recombination during thymic ontogeny. Furthermore, rearrangements of the TCR gamma-chain genes are also markedly inhibited in these transgenic animals. Hence expression of the TCR beta transgene has led to allelic exclusion of alpha beta receptors and isotypic exclusion of gamma delta T cell receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fenton, R G -- Marrack, P -- Kappler, J W -- Kanagawa, O -- Seidman, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 26;241(4869):1089-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2970670" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Immunoglobulin ; Immunoassay ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Liver/analysis ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Ovalbumin/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Thymus Gland/analysis
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    Antiproliferative activity of a hybrid protein between interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-beta (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-09-16
    Description: A hybrid protein between interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-beta was made by ligating the respective genes and expressing the fused genes under the control of the trp promoter in Escherichia coli. The antiproliferative activity of the hybrid protein in vitro was greatly increased compared with either interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-beta alone, and both antiviral activity and cytotoxic effect were retained in the hybrid protein. The hybrid protein may have potential clinical application.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, G S -- Gray, P W -- Shepard, H M -- Taylor, M W -- AI21898/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1501-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3138754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Antiviral Agents ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; *Interferon-gamma ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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    Overexpression of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor eliminates LDL from plasma in transgenic mice (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-03-11
    Description: A complementary DNA encoding the human low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor under control of the mouse metallothionein-I promoter was injected into fertilized mouse eggs, and a strain of mice expressing high levels of LDL receptors was established. After administration of cadmium, these mice cleared intravenously injected 125I-labeled LDL from blood eight to ten times more rapidly than did normal mice. The plasma concentrations of apoproteins B-100 and E, the two ligands for the LDL receptor, declined by more than 90 percent after cadmium treatment, but the concentration of another apoprotein, A-I, was unaffected. Therefore, overexpression of an endocytotic receptor can dramatically lower the ambient concentration of its ligand in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hofmann, S L -- Russell, D W -- Brown, M S -- Goldstein, J L -- Hammer, R E -- HL 01287/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1277-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3344433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lipoproteins, LDL/*blood ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Plasmids ; Receptors, LDL/*genetics/metabolism ; Reference Values ; Transcription, Genetic
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    A 115-kD polypeptide immunologically related to erythrocyte band 3 is present in Golgi membranes (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1988-12-02
    Description: Band 3 multigene family consists of several distinct but structurally related polypeptides which are probably involved in the transport of anions across the plasma membrane of both erythrocytes and nonerythroid cells. A novel member of this family of polypeptides that resides in the Golgi complex was identified with antibodies to Band 3. The Golgi antigen had a larger molecular size and was antigenically distinct from Band 3 in the amino-terminal domain. It was expressed most prominently in cells that secrete large amounts of sulfated proteins and proteoglycans. This polypeptide may participate in sulfate transport across Golgi membranes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellokumpu, S -- Neff, L -- Jamsa-Kellokumpu, S -- Kopito, R -- Baron, R -- DE-04724/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 2;242(4883):1308-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2461589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte/*immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Golgi Apparatus/*ultrastructure ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Intracellular Membranes/*ultrastructure ; Ion Channels/*ultrastructure ; Molecular Weight ; Rats
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    Human insulin-degrading enzyme shares structural and functional homologies with E. coli protease III (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-09
    Description: A proteinase with high affinity for insulin has been proposed to play a role in the cellular processing of this hormone. A complementary DNA (cDNA) coding for this enzyme has been isolated and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme contained the sequences of 13 peptides derived from the isolated protein. The cDNA could be transcribed in vitro to yield a synthetic RNA that in cell-free translations produced a protein that coelectrophoresed with the native proteinase and could be immunoprecipitated with monoclonal antibodies to this enzyme. The deduced sequence of this proteinase did not contain the consensus sequences for any of the known classes of proteinases (that is, metallo, cysteine, aspartic, or serine), but it did show homology to an Escherichia coli proteinase (called protease III), which also cleaves insulin and is present in the periplasmic space. Thus, these two proteins may be members of a family of proteases that are involved in intercellular peptide signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Affholter, J A -- Fried, V A -- Roth, R A -- CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK01393/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK34926/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 9;242(4884):1415-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3059494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Insulysin/*genetics ; *Metalloendopeptidases ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Hydrolases/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 41
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    A 13-kilodalton maize mitochondrial protein in E. coli confers sensitivity to Bipolaris maydis toxin (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-15
    Description: The Texas male-sterile cytoplasm (cms-T) of maize carries the cytoplasmically inherited trait of male sterility. Mitochondria isolated from cms-T maize are specifically sensitive to a toxin (BmT-toxin) produced by the fungal pathogen Bipolaris maydis, race T, and the carbamate insecticide methomyl. A mitochondrial gene unique to cms-T maize, which produces a 13-kilodalton polypeptide associated with cytoplasmic male sterility, was expressed in Escherichia coli. After addition of BmT-toxin or methomyl, inhibition of whole cell respiration and swelling of spheroplasts were observed in Escherichia coli cultures producing the novel mitochondrial protein; these effects are similar to those observed with isolated cms-T mitochondria. The amino-terminal region of the 13-kilodalton polypeptide appears to be essential for proper interaction with the BmT-toxin and methomyl. These results implicate the 13-kilodalton polypeptide in conferring toxin sensitivity to mitochondria of cms-T maize.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dewey, R E -- Siedow, J N -- Timothy, D H -- Levings, C S 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 15;239(4837):293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3276005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/*pharmacology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/pharmacology ; Escherichia coli/drug effects/*genetics/metabolism ; Methomyl/pharmacology ; Mitochondria/*analysis ; Molecular Weight ; Mycotoxins/*pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Plant Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Plants/analysis/drug effects/*genetics ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Zea mays
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  • 42
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    Sequence and expression of mRNAs encoding the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of a DHP-sensitive calcium channel (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-23
    Description: Complementary DNAs were isolated and used to deduce the primary structures of the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of the dihydropyridine-sensitive, voltage-dependent calcium channel from rabbit skeletal muscle. The alpha 1 subunit, which contains putative binding sites for calcium antagonists, is a hydrophobic protein with a sequence that is consistent with multiple transmembrane domains and shows structural and sequence homology with other voltage-dependent ion channels. In contrast, the alpha 2 subunit is a hydrophilic protein without homology to other known protein sequences. Nucleic acid hybridization studies suggest that the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunit mRNAs are expressed differentially in a tissue-specific manner and that there is a family of genes encoding additional calcium channel subtypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ellis, S B -- Williams, M E -- Ways, N R -- Brenner, R -- Sharp, A H -- Leung, A T -- Campbell, K P -- McKenna, E -- Koch, W J -- Hui, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1661-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Salk Institute Biotechnology/Industrial Associates, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2458626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Dihydropyridines/pharmacology ; *Ion Channels/drug effects ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Organ Specificity ; *Peptide Mapping ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Rabbits ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 43
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    Distinct regions of Sp1 modulate DNA binding and transcriptional activation (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-16
    Description: Sp1 is a sequence-specific DNA binding protein that activates RNA polymerase II transcription from promoters that contain properly positioned GC boxes. A series of deletion mutants of Sp1 were expressed in Escherichia coli and used to identify separate regions of the protein that are important for three different biochemical activities. The sequence-specificity of DNA binding was conferred by Zn(II) fingers, whereas a different region of Sp1 appeared to regulate the affinity of DNA binding. The E. coli-synthesized Sp1 was able to stimulate initiation of RNA synthesis in vitro, and at least two distinct segments of the protein contributed to its transcriptional activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kadonaga, J T -- Courey, A J -- Ladika, J -- Tjian, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 16;242(4885):1566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3059495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Deletion ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Mutation ; Sp1 Transcription Factor ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 44
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    The presence of fibroblast growth factor in the frog egg: its role as a natural mesoderm inducer (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-18
    Description: A complementary DNA clone corresponding to a 4.2-kilobase transcript that is present in the Xenopus oocyte and newly transcribed in the neurula stages of development has been isolated. This messenger RNA encodes a 155-amino acid protein that is 84% identical to the human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). When expressed in Escherichia coli and purified, the Xenopus FGF induced mesoderm in animal cell blastomeres as measured by muscle actin expression. Immunoblots with an antibody to a Xenopus FGF peptide show that the oocyte and early embryo contain a store of the FGF polypeptide at high enough concentrations to induce mesoderm. The presence of FGF in the oocyte, together with the apparent lack of a secretory signal sequence in the protein, suggest that the regulation of mesoderm induction may involve novel mechanisms that occur after the translation of FGF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kimelman, D -- Abraham, J A -- Haaparanta, T -- Palisi, T M -- Kirschner, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 18;242(4881):1053-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3194757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Blotting, Western ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Probes ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mesoderm/*cytology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/physiology ; Xenopus laevis/*embryology
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  • 45
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    Chimeric alpha 2-,beta 2-adrenergic receptors: delineation of domains involved in effector coupling and ligand binding specificity (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-06-03
    Description: The alpha 2 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors, both of which are activated by epinephrine, but which can be differentiated by selective drugs, have opposite effects (inhibitory and stimulatory) on the adenylyl cyclase system. The two receptors are homologous with each other, rhodopsin, and other receptors coupled to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins and they contain seven hydrophobic domains, which may represent transmembrane spanning segments. The function of specific structural domains of these receptors was determined after construction and expression of a series of chimeric alpha 2-,beta 2-adrenergic receptor genes. The specificity for coupling to the stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein lies within a region extending from the amino terminus of the fifth hydrophobic domain to the carboxyl terminus of the sixth. Major determinants of alpha 2- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor agonist and antagonist ligand binding specificity are contained within the seventh membrane spanning domain. Chimeric receptors should prove useful for elucidating the structural basis of receptor function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobilka, B K -- Kobilka, T S -- Daniel, K -- Regan, J W -- Caron, M G -- Lefkowitz, R J -- HL 16037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jun 3;240(4857):1310-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2836950" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Chimera ; Cloning, Molecular ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pindolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*genetics ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*genetics ; Yohimbine/metabolism
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  • 46
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    Mapping the main immunogenic region and toxin-binding site of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-02
    Description: The alpha-chain of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor carries the binding sites both for cholinergic ligands and for most experimentally induced or naturally occurring antibodies to the native receptor. By means of expression cloning in Escherichia coli, fusion proteins were derived from specific fragments of a complementary DNA encoding the mouse alpha-chain, allowing the mapping of the toxin-binding site to residues 160-216 and the main immunogenic region to residues 6-85. This approach permits the independent study of different functional domains of a complex receptor molecule and should be generally applicable to other proteins for which complementary DNA clones are available.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barkas, T -- Mauron, A -- Roth, B -- Alliod, C -- Tzartos, S J -- Ballivet, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 2;235(4784):77-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2432658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Binding Sites ; Binding, Competitive ; Bungarotoxins/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Ligands ; Mice ; Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics/*immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 47
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    Characterization and chromosomal localization of a cDNA encoding brain amyloid of Alzheimer's disease (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-02-20
    Description: Four clones were isolated from an adult human brain complementary DNA library with an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to the first 20 amino acids of the beta peptide of brain amyloid from Alzheimer's disease. The open reading frame of the sequenced clone coded for 97 amino acids, including the known amino acid sequence of this polypeptide. The 3.5-kilobase messenger RNA was detected in mammalian brains and human thymus. The gene is highly conserved in evolution and has been mapped to human chromosome 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldgaber, D -- Lerman, M I -- McBride, O W -- Saffiotti, U -- Gajdusek, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 20;235(4791):877-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3810169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid/*genetics ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Solubility ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 48
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    Functional analysis of a complementary DNA for the 50-kilodalton subunit of calmodulin kinase II (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-07-17
    Description: The calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is a major component of brain synaptic junctions and has been proposed to play a variety of important roles in brain function. A complementary DNA representing a portion of the smaller 50-kilodalton subunit of the rat brain enzyme has been cloned and sequenced. The calmodulin-binding region has been identified and a synthetic analog prepared that binds calmodulin with high affinity in the presence of calcium. Like the 50-kilodalton kinase polypeptide, the concentration of the messenger RNA varies both neuroanatomically and during postnatal development of the brain. The broad tissue and species cross-reactivity of the complementary DNA suggests that the 50-kilodalton subunit found in rat brain is evolutionarily conserved and is the product of a single gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanley, R M -- Means, A R -- Ono, T -- Kemp, B E -- Burgin, K E -- Waxham, N -- Kelly, P T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):293-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3037704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Assay ; Brain/enzymology/growth & development ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Protein Kinases/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 49
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    Identification of an amplified, highly expressed gene in a human glioma (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-04-03
    Description: A gene, termed gli, was identified that is amplified more than 50-fold in a malignant glioma. The gene is expressed at high levels in the original tumor and its derived cell line and is located at chromosome 12 position (q13 to q14.3). The gli gene is a member of a select group of cellular genes that are genetically altered in primary human tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kinzler, K W -- Bigner, S H -- Bigner, D D -- Trent, J M -- Law, M L -- O'Brien, S J -- Wong, A J -- Vogelstein, B -- CA-09243/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-43722/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS-20023/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 3;236(4797):70-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3563490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; *Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glioma/*genetics ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
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  • 50
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    Neuronal pp60c-src contains a six-amino acid insertion relative to its non-neuronal counterpart (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-07-24
    Description: Neuronal cells express a pp60c-src variant that displays an altered electrophoretic mobility and a different V8 peptide pattern relative to pp60c-src expressed in tissues of non-neuronal origin. To determine whether the neuronal form of pp60c-src is encoded by a brain-specific messenger RNA, a mouse brain complementary DNA (cDNA) library was screened with a chicken c-src probe and a 3.8-kilobase c-src cDNA clone was isolated. This clone encodes a 60-kilodalton protein that differs from chicken or human pp60c-src primarily in having six extra amino acids (Arg-Lys-Val-Asp-Val-Arg) within the NH2-terminal 16 kilodaltons of the molecule. S1 nuclease protection analysis confirmed that brain c-src RNA contains an 18-nucleotide insertion at the position of the extra six amino acids. This insertion occurs at a position that corresponds to a splice junction in the chicken and human c-src genes. The isolated c-src cDNA clone encodes a protein that displays an identical V8 peptide pattern to that observed in pp60c-src isolated from tissues of neuronal origin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martinez, R -- Mathey-Prevot, B -- Bernards, A -- Baltimore, D -- P0I CA38497/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 24;237(4813):411-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2440106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/enzymology ; Chickens ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/*genetics ; Mice ; Neurons/*enzymology ; Protein Kinases/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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  • 51
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    Cloned gene of Rickettsia rickettsii surface antigen: candidate vaccine for Rocky Mountain spotted fever (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-02
    Description: Two major protective antigens of Rickettsia rickettsii have been previously described. In this study, we cloned the gene encoding one of these antigens into Escherichia coli and tested the effectiveness of the recombinant-made product as a vaccine for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. A clone bank of R strain R. rickettsii DNA was made in E. coli K-12 by using the plasmid vector pBR322. Transformants were screened for their ability to make rickettsial antigens by reactivity with rabbit antibodies to R. rickettsii. One of the transformants, EM24(pGAM21), made a product reactive with two monoclonal antibodies that recognize a 155-kilodalton protein of R. rickettsii. One of the monoclonal antibodies was a member of a class of antibodies that react to heat-sensitive epitopes and protect mice injected with a potentially lethal dose of viable R. rickettsii. The cloned product contained this protective heat-sensitive epitope. In order to obtain enhanced expression, the gene was subcloned downstream of the lactose promoter on the plasmid vector pUC8. A sonic lysate of E. coli harboring the pUC8 subclone was used successfully as a vaccine to protect mice injected with a lethal dose of the viable R. rickettsii.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonald, G A -- Anacker, R L -- Garjian, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 2;235(4784):83-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3099387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens/*genetics ; Antigens, Bacterial/*genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/immunology ; Bacterial Vaccines/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Genes, Bacterial ; Mice ; Rickettsia rickettsii/*genetics/immunology ; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/*prevention & control ; Vaccines, Synthetic/*genetics/immunology
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  • 52
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    Cloning of genomic and complementary DNA from Shaker, a putative potassium channel gene from Drosophila (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-08-14
    Description: On the basis of electrophysiological analysis of Shaker mutants, the Shaker locus of Drosophila melanogaster has been proposed to encode a structural component of a voltage-dependent potassium channel, the A channel. Unlike sodium channels, acetylcholine receptors, and calcium channels, K+ channels have not been purified biochemically. To facilitate biochemical studies of a K+ channel, genomic DNA from the Shaker locus has been cloned. Rearrangements in five Shaker mutants have been mapped to a 60-kilobase segment of the genome. Four complementary DNA clones have been analyzed. These clones indicate that the Shaker gene contains multiple exons distributed over at least 65 kilobases of genomic DNA in the region where the mutations mapped. Furthermore, the gene may produce several classes of alternatively spliced transcripts. Two of the complementary DNA clones have been sequenced and their sequences support the hypothesis that Shaker encodes a component of a K+ channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papazian, D M -- Schwarz, T L -- Tempel, B L -- Jan, Y N -- Jan, L Y -- NS15963/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 14;237(4816):749-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2441470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Exons ; *Ion Channels ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Potassium/*metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; Transcription, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Identification of human uromodulin as the Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-04-03
    Description: The primary structure of human uromodulin, a 616-amino acid, 85-kilodalton glycoprotein with in vitro immunosuppressive properties, was determined through isolation and characterization of complementary DNA and genomic clones. The amino acid sequence encoded by one of the exons of the uromodulin gene has homology to the low-density-lipoprotein receptor and the epidermal growth factor precursor. Northern hybridization analyses demonstrate that uromodulin is synthesized by the kidney. Evidence is provided that uromodulin is identical to the previously characterized Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, the most abundant protein in normal human urine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennica, D -- Kohr, W J -- Kuang, W J -- Glaister, D -- Aggarwal, B B -- Chen, E Y -- Goeddel, D V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 3;236(4797):83-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3453112" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/analysis ; Base Sequence ; Chemistry, Physical ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cysteine ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Humans ; Mucoproteins/*analysis/*genetics ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Uromodulin
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    Structure, function, and assembly of membrane proteins (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Racker, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):959-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2434995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crystallization ; Humans ; Ion Channels/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
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    erg, a human ets-related gene on chromosome 21: alternative splicing, polyadenylation, and translation (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-08-07
    Description: The avian acute leukemia virus E26 induces a mixed erythroid-myeloid leukemia in chickens and carries two distinct oncogenes, v-myb and v-ets. Recently, a novel gene named erg, closely related to the v-ets oncogene, was identified in human COLO 320 cells and the nucleotide sequence of its approximately 5.0-kilobase transcript, erg 1 was determined. In the present study, the nucleotide sequence of the alternatively spliced transcript, erg 2, was found to differ from erg 1 by a splicing event that causes a coding frameshift near the amino terminus, resulting in an additional 99-amino acid insertion at the amino-terminus. Expression of complementary DNAs for the two transcripts in vitro resulted in synthesis of polypeptides of approximately 41 and 52 kilodaltons, suggesting the use of alternative translation initiation codons in the case of erg proteins. The erg gene was localized by somatic cell genetic analysis to human chromosome 21. It is proposed that alternative sites of splicing and polyadenylation, together with alternative sites of translation initiation, allow the synthesis of two related polypeptides from a single erg gene transcriptional unit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rao, V N -- Papas, T S -- Reddy, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 7;237(4815):635-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3299708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Cloning, Molecular ; Humans ; Oncogenes ; Plasmids ; Poly A/metabolism ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    Polypeptide sequences essential for RNA recognition by an enzyme (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-03-27
    Description: Many RNAs are complex, globular molecules formed from elements of secondary and tertiary structure analogous to those found in proteins. Little is known about recognition of RNAs by proteins. In the case of transfer RNAs (tRNAs), considerable evidence suggests that elements dispersed in both the one- and three-dimensional structure are important for recognition by aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. Fragments of alanine tRNA synthetase were created by in vitro manipulations of the cloned alaS gene and examined for their interaction with alanine-specific tRNA. Sequences essential for recognition were located near the middle of the polypeptide, juxtaposed to the carboxyl-terminal side of the domain for aminoacyl adenylate synthesis. The most essential part of the tRNA interaction strength and specificity was dependent on a sequence of fewer than 100 amino acids. Within this sequence, and in the context of the proper conformation, a segment of no more than 17 amino acids was responsible for 25% or more of the total synthetase-tRNA free energy of association. The results raise the possibility that an important part of specific RNA recognition by an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase involves a polypeptide segment that is short relative to the total size of the protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Regan, L -- Bowie, J -- Schimmel, P -- GM23562/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 27;235(4796):1651-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2435005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Alanine-tRNA Ligase/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; RNA/*metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Thermodynamics
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    D-alanine in the frog skin peptide dermorphin is derived from L-alanine in the precursor (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-10-09
    Description: A D-alanine-containing peptide termed dermorphin, with potent opiate-like activity, has been isolated from skin of the frog Phyllomedusa sauvagei. Complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries were constructed from frog skin messenger RNA and screened with a mixture of oligonucleotides that contained the codons complementary to five amino acids of dermorphin. Clones were detected with inserts coding for different dermorphin precursors. The predicted amino acid sequences of these precursors contained homologous repeats of 35 amino acids that included one copy of the heptapeptide dermorphin. In these cloned cDNAs, the alanine codon GCG occurred at the position where D-alanine is present in the end product. This suggests the existence of a novel post-translational reaction for the conversion of an L-amino acid to its D-isomer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richter, K -- Egger, R -- Kreil, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 9;238(4824):200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Salzburg.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3659910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alanine/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Anura ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides/*genetics ; Opioid Peptides ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Skin/*metabolism ; Stereoisomerism
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    Human CSF-1: molecular cloning and expression of 4-kb cDNA encoding the human urinary protein (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-03-20
    Description: A 4-kilobase complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) was isolated. When introduced into mammalian cells, this cDNA directs the expression of CSF-1 that is structurally and functionally indistinguishable from the natural human urinary CSF-1. Direct structural analysis of both the recombinant CSF-1 and the purified human urinary protein revealed that these species contain a sequence of at least 40 amino acids at their carboxyl termini which are not found in the coding region of a 1.6-kilobase CSF-1 cDNA that was previously described. These results demonstrate that the human CSF-1 gene can be expressed to yield at least two different messenger RNA species that encode distinct but related forms of CSF-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, G G -- Temple, P A -- Leary, A C -- Witek-Giannotti, J S -- Yang, Y C -- Ciarletta, A B -- Chung, M -- Murtha, P -- Kriz, R -- Kaufman, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 20;235(4795):1504-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3493529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*genetics/urine ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Molecular Weight ; Peptide Fragments ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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    Molecular cloning and expression of a human B-cell growth factor gene in Escherichia coli (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-03-20
    Description: A human B-cell growth factor (BCGF) (12 kilodaltons) supports the clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes. A clone was isolated that contained the proper structural sequence to encode biologically active, 12-kilodalton BCGF in Escherichia coli and to hybridize to a specific messenger RNA, identified by in vitro translation in Xenopus laevis oocytes. A relatively hydrophobic region of 18 amino acids was found at the amino terminal of the 124-amino acid-long polypeptide. The carboxyl terminal is composed of at least 32 amino acids that are derived from nucleotide sequences bearing significant homology to the Alu repeat family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharma, S -- Mehta, S -- Morgan, J -- Maizel, A -- 16672/PHS HHS/ -- CA38499/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA39798/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 20;235(4795):1489-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3547651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Escherichia coli ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/*genetics ; Interleukin-4 ; Lymphokines/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a U1-like small nuclear RNA with unexpected properties (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-09-18
    Description: Previous experiments indicated that only a small subset of the approximately equal to 24 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have binding sites for the Sm antigen, a hallmark of metazoan small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) involved in pre-messenger RNA splicing. Antibodies from human serum to Sm proteins were used to show that four snRNAs (snR7, snR14, snR19, and snR20) can be immunoprecipitated from yeast extracts. Three of these four, snR7, snR14, and snR20, have been shown to be analogs of mammalian U5, U4, and U2, respectively. Several regions of significant homology to U1 (164 nucleotides) have now been found in cloned and sequenced snR19 (568 nucleotides). These include ten out of ten matches to the 5' end of U1, the site known to interact with the 5' splice site of mammalian introns. Surprisingly, the precise conservation of this sequence precludes perfect complementarity between snR19 and the invariant yeast 5' junction (GTATGT), which differs from the mammalian consensus at the fourth position (GTPuAGT).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siliciano, P G -- Jones, M H -- Guthrie, C -- GM21119/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 18;237(4821):1484-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3306922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Autoantigens/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cloning, Molecular ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA, Fungal/analysis ; RNA, Small Nuclear/*analysis ; *Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics ; snRNP Core Proteins
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    Molecular analysis of a constitutional X-autosome translocation in a female with muscular dystrophy (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-09-25
    Description: The gene responsible for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) maps to the X chromosome short arm, band Xp21. In a few females with DMD or BMD, the Xp21 region is disrupted by an X-autosome translocation. Accumulating evidence suggests that the exchange has physically disrupted the DMD/BMD locus to cause the disease. One affected female with a t(X;21)(p21;p12) translocation was studied in detail. The exchange points from both translocation chromosomes were cloned, restriction-mapped, and sequenced. The translocation is reciprocal, but not conservative. A small amount of DNA is missing from the translocated chromosomes; 71 to 72 base pairs from the X chromosome and 16 to 23 base pairs from the 28S ribosomal gene on chromosome 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bodrug, S E -- Ray, P N -- Gonzalez, I L -- Schmickel, R D -- Sylvester, J E -- Worton, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 25;237(4822):1620-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3629260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Muscular Dystrophies/*genetics ; Pedigree ; RNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; *Translocation, Genetic ; *X Chromosome
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    Identification of a family of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-07-31
    Description: Complementary DNAs for three different muscarinic acetylcholine receptors were isolated from a rat cerebral cortex library, and the cloned receptors were expressed in mammalian cells. Analysis of human and rat genomic clones indicates that there are at least four functional muscarinic receptor genes and that these genes lack introns in the coding sequence. This gene family provides a new basis for evaluating the diversity of muscarinic mechanisms in the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bonner, T I -- Buckley, N J -- Young, A C -- Brann, M R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 31;237(4814):527-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3037705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; Genetic Code ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats ; Receptors, Muscarinic/classification/*genetics ; Swine ; Transfection
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    Sequence-specific packaging of DNA in human sperm chromatin (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-05-22
    Description: The DNA in human sperm chromatin is packaged into nucleoprotamine (approximately 85%) and nucleohistone (approximately 15%). Whether these two chromatin fractions are sequence-specific subsets of the spermatozoon genome is the question addressed in this report. Sequence-specific packaging would suggest distinct structural and functional roles for the nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine in late spermatogenesis or early development or both. After removal of histones with 0.65M NaCl, exposed DNA was cleaved with Bam HI restriction endonuclease and separated by centrifugation from insoluble nucleoprotamine. The DNA sequence distribution of nucleohistone DNA in the supernatant and nucleoprotamine DNA in the pellet was compared by cloning size-selected single-copy sequences and by using the derived clones as probes of nucleohistone DNA and nucleoprotamine DNA. Two clones derived from nucleohistone DNA preferentially hybridized to nucleohistone DNA, and two clones derived from nucleoprotamine DNA preferentially hybridized to nucleoprotamine DNA, which demonstrated the existence of sequence-specific nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine components within the human spermatozoon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gatewood, J M -- Cook, G R -- Balhorn, R -- Bradbury, E M -- Schmid, C W -- GM-07377/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 22;236(4804):962-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3576213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromatin/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Histones/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Nucleoproteins/isolation & purification ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
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    Expression of functional cell-cell channels from cloned rat liver gap junction complementary DNA (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-06-05
    Description: An oocyte expression system was used to test the relation between a complementary DNA (cDNA) clone encoding the liver gap junction protein and cell-cell channels. Total liver polyadenylated messenger RNA injected into oocytes induced cell-cell channels between paired oocytes. This induction was blocked by simultaneous injection of antisense RNA transcribed from the gap junction cDNA. Messenger RNA selected by hybridization to the cDNA clone and translated in oocyte pairs yielded a higher junctional conductance than unselected liver messenger RNA. Cell-cell channels between oocytes were also formed when the cloned cDNA was expressed under the control of a heat-shock promoter. A concentration-dependent induction of channels was observed in response to injection with in vitro transcribed gap junction messenger RNA. Thus, the liver gap junction cDNA encodes a protein that is essential for the formation of functional cell-cell channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dahl, G -- Miller, T -- Paul, D -- Voellmy, R -- Werner, R -- GM 31125/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1290-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3035715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Connexins ; DNA/metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; Intercellular Junctions/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus
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    Global flexibility in a sensory receptor: a site-directed cross-linking approach (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-09-25
    Description: The aspartate receptor of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium is a cell surface sensory transducer that binds extracellular aspartate and sends a transmembrane signal to the inside of the bacterium. The flexibility and allostery of this receptor was examined by placing sulfhydryl groups as potential cross-linking sites at targeted locations in the protein. Seven different mutant receptors were constructed, each containing a single cysteine residue at a different position in the primary structure. Intramolecular disulfide bond formation within oligomers of these mutant receptors is shown to trap structural fluctuations and to detect ligand-induced changes in structure. The results indicate that the receptor oligomer has a flexible, dynamic structure which undergoes a global change upon aspartate binding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Falke, J J -- Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 25;237(4822):1596-600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2820061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Bacterial Proteins/*physiology ; *Chemotaxis ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cysteine ; Disulfides ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/*physiology ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; *Receptors, Amino Acid ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Adrenal steroids: new answers, new questions (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Funder, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):236-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3603018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex Hormones/*physiology ; Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Humans ; Receptors, Steroid/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/physiology
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    Structural evidence for the authenticity of the human retinoblastoma gene (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-06-26
    Description: The retinoblastoma (Rb) gene is the prototype for a class of recessive human cancer genes in which loss of activity of both normal alleles is thought to be associated with tumorigenesis. Sixteen of 40 retinoblastomas examined with a complementary DNA probe shown to be the Rb gene had identifiable structural changes of the Rb gene including in some cases homozygous internal deletions with corresponding truncated transcripts. An osteosarcoma also had a homozygous internal deletion with a truncated transcript. In addition, possible hot spots for deletion were identified within the Rb genomic locus. Among those tumors with no identifiable structural changes there was either absence of an Rb transcript or abnormal expression of the Rb transcript. Comparison of the structural changes in the tumor cells and fibroblasts of certain patients provided support for Knudson's two-hit hypothesis for the development of retinoblastoma at the molecular level. The ability to detect germline structural deletions in fibroblasts from some patients with bilateral retinoblastoma also indicates that the isolated gene is useful for diagnostic purposes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fung, Y K -- Murphree, A L -- T'Ang, A -- Qian, J -- Hinrichs, S H -- Benedict, W F -- EY02715/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY0619502/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jun 26;236(4809):1657-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2885916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Deletion ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Neoplasm/analysis ; Eye Neoplasms/*genetics ; Fibroblasts/ultrastructure ; Genotype ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Osteosarcoma/genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Retinoblastoma/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    A DNA segment encoding two genes very tightly linked to Huntington's disease (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-13
    Description: The discovery of D4S10, an anonymous DNA marker genetically linked to Huntington's disease (HD), introduced the capacity for limited presymptomatic diagnosis in this late-onset neurodegenerative disorder and raised the hope of cloning and characterizing the defect based on its chromosomal location. Progress on both fronts has been limited by the absence of additional DNA markers closer to the HD gene. An anonymous DNA locus, D4S43, has now been found that shows extremely tight linkage to HD. Like the disease gene, D4S43 is located in the most distal region of the chromosome 4 short arm, flanked by D4S10 and the telomere. In three extended HD kindreds, D4S43 displays no recombination with HD, placing it within 0 to 1.5 centimorgans of the genetic defect. Expansion of the D4S43 region to include 108 kilobases of cloned DNA has allowed identification of eight restriction fragment length polymorphisms and at least two independent coding segments. In the absence of crossovers, these genes must be considered candidates for the site of the HD defect, although the D4S43 restriction fragment length polymorphisms do not display linkage disequilibrium with the disease gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilliam, T C -- Bucan, M -- MacDonald, M E -- Zimmer, M -- Haines, J L -- Cheng, S V -- Pohl, T M -- Meyers, R H -- Whaley, W L -- Allitto, B A -- NS16367/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS20012/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS22031/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 13;238(4829):950-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurogenetics Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2890209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cosmids ; *Genes ; *Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
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    Diversity of alpha-fetoprotein gene expression in mice is generated by a combination of separate enhancer elements (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-02
    Description: The 5' flanking region of the mouse alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene contains a tissue-specific promoter and three upstream regulatory elements that behave as classical enhancers. At least one of these enhancers is now shown to be required for the tissue-specific expression of the AFP gene when it is introduced into the mouse genome by microinjection of cloned DNA fragments into fertilized eggs. Each enhancer can direct expression in the appropriate tissues, the visceral endoderm of the yolk sac, the fetal liver, and the gastrointestinal tract, but each exerts different influence in these three tissues. These differences may explain the tissue-specific diversity in the levels of expression characteristic of the AFP gene. The postnatal repression of transcription of the AFP gene in both liver and gut, as well as the reinitiation of its transcription during liver regeneration, is mimicked by the introduced gene when it is linked to the enhancer domains together or singly. Thus, the DNA sequence elements responsible for directing the activation of AFP transcription, its repression, and reinduction are contained in a limited segment of DNA within or 5' to the gene (or both) and are operative in the absence of the closely linked albumin gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammer, R E -- Krumlauf, R -- Camper, S A -- Brinster, R L -- Tilghman, S M -- CA06927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA28050/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD17321/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 2;235(4784):53-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2432657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; *Genes, Regulator ; Intestines/physiology ; Liver/physiology ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Yolk Sac/physiology ; alpha-Fetoproteins/*genetics
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    Isolation of an olfactory cDNA: similarity to retinol-binding protein suggests a role in olfaction (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-02-27
    Description: Molecular cloning techniques were used to isolate and characterize a protein possibly involved in the signal transducing system in olfactory tissue of the frog Rana pipiens. A complementary DNA library was constructed with messenger RNA obtained from frog olfactory neuroepithelium. A 700-base pair complementary DNA clone encoding a protein with a molecular weight of 20,300 was identified by differential hybridization analysis with polyadenylated RNA from olfactory epithelium and nonsensory respiratory epithelium. The messenger RNA corresponding to this clone was abundant in the cells of Bowman's glands in olfactory tissue but not in respiratory epithelium nor in several other tissues. The predicted sequence of this protein is homologous to members of a family of proteins that bind and transport small molecules in serum, suggesting that this protein may also bind and transport odorants in the mucus secreted by Bowman's glands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, K H -- Wells, R G -- Reed, R R -- 5 PO1 CA16519/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5 T32 GM07309/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):1053-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3493528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Epithelium/analysis ; Molecular Weight ; Mucus/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Odors ; Olfactory Mucosa/*analysis/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Rana pipiens ; Respiratory System/analysis ; Retinol-Binding Proteins/genetics/*physiology
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    Transposon tagging and molecular analysis of the maize regulatory locus opaque-2 (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-13
    Description: Genetic analyses suggested that the opaque-2 (o2) locus in maize acts as a positive, transacting, transcriptional activator of the zein seed storage-protein genes. Because isolation of the gene is requisite to understanding the molecular details of this regulation, transposon mutagenesis with the transposable element suppressor-mutator (Spm) was carried out, and three mutable o2 alleles were obtained. One of these alleles contained an 8.3-kilobase autonomous Spm, another a 6.8-kilobase nonautonomous Spm, and the third an unidentified transposon that is unrelated to Spm. A DNA sequence flanking the autonomous Spm insertion was verified to be o2-specific and provided a probe to clone a wild-type allele. Northern blots indicated that the gene is expressed in wild-type endosperm but not in leaf tissues or in endosperms homozygous for a mutant allele of the O2 gene. A transcript was detected in endosperms homozygous for mutations at opaque-7 and floury-2, an indication that O2 expression is independent of these two other putative regulators of zein synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmidt, R J -- Burr, F A -- Burr, B -- GM31093/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 13;238(4829):960-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2823388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; *Genes, Regulator ; Homozygote ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plants/*genetics ; Zea mays/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A synaptic vesicle protein with a novel cytoplasmic domain and four transmembrane regions (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-20
    Description: Complementary DNA and genomic clones were isolated and sequenced corresponding to rat and human synaptophysin (p38), a major integral membrane protein of synaptic vesicles. The deduced amino acid sequences indicate an evolutionarily highly conserved protein that spans the membrane four times. Both amino and carboxyl termini face the cytoplasm, with the latter containing ten copies of a tyrosine-rich pentapeptide repeat. The structure of synaptophysin suggests that the protein may function as a channel in the synaptic vesicle membrane, with the carboxyl terminus serving as a binding site for cellular factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sudhof, T C -- Lottspeich, F -- Greengard, P -- Mehl, E -- Jahn, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 20;238(4830):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas 75235.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3120313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Solubility ; Synaptic Vesicles/ultrastructure ; Synaptophysin
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    Cloning of human mineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA: structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-07-17
    Description: Low-stringency hybridization with human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) complementary DNA was used to isolate a new gene encoding a predicted 107-kilodalton polypeptide. Expression studies demonstrate its ability to bind aldosterone with high affinity and to activate gene transcription in response to aldosterone, thus establishing its identity as the human mineralocorticoid receptor (hMR). This molecule also shows high affinity for glucocorticoids and stimulates a glucocorticoid-responsive promoter. Together the hMR and hGR provide unexpected functional diversity in which hormone-binding properties, target gene interactions, and patterns of tissue-specific expression may be used in a combinatorial fashion to achieve complex physiologic control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arriza, J L -- Weinberger, C -- Cerelli, G -- Glaser, T M -- Handelin, B L -- Housman, D E -- Evans, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):268-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3037703" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Rats ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*genetics ; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid ; Receptors, Steroid/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Neural cell adhesion molecule: structure, immunoglobulin-like domains, cell surface modulation, and alternative RNA splicing (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-05-15
    Description: The neural cell adhesion molecule, N-CAM, appears on early embryonic cells and is important in the formation of cell collectives and their boundaries at sites of morphogenesis. Later in development it is found on various differentiated tissues and is a major CAM mediating adhesion among neurons and between neurons and muscle. To provide a molecular basis for understanding N-CAM function, the complete amino acid sequences of the three major polypeptides of N-CAM and most of the noncoding sequences of their messenger RNA's were determined from the analysis of complementary DNA clones and were verified by amino acid sequences of selected CNBr fragments and proteolytic fragments. The extracellular region of each N-CAM polypeptide includes five contiguous segments that are homologous in sequence to each other and to members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, suggesting that interactions among immunoglobulin-like domains form the basis for N-CAM homophilic binding. Although different in their membrane-associated and cytoplasmic domains, the amino acid sequences of the three polypeptides appear to be identical throughout this extracellular region (682 amino acids) where the binding site is located. Variations in N-CAM activity thus do not occur by changes in the amino acid sequence that alter the specificity of binding. Instead, regulation is achieved by cell surface modulation events that alter N-CAM affinity, prevalence, mobility, and distribution on the surface. A major mechanism for modulation is alternative RNA splicing resulting in N-CAM's with different cytoplasmic domains that differentially interact with the cell membrane. Such regulatory mechanisms may link N-CAM binding function with other primary cellular processes during the embryonic development of pattern.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cunningham, B A -- Hemperly, J J -- Murray, B A -- Prediger, E A -- Brackenbury, R -- Edelman, G M -- AM-04256/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-09635/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-16550/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 15;236(4803):799-806.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3576199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/metabolism ; Immunoglobulins ; Oligosaccharides/analysis ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; *RNA Splicing ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    The human hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-06-05
    Description: The complementary DNAs and genes encoding the four major human myeloid growth factors--granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-3--have all been molecularly cloned. These DNA clones have proved valuable for studying the molecular biology of these important regulatory molecules as well as for the large-scale production of the recombinant growth factor proteins. These advances have led to a much better understanding of the role of the myeloid growth factors in regulating hematopoiesis in vivo that should soon find practical application in clinical medicine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, S C -- Kamen, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1229-37.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3296190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Granulocytes/cytology ; Humans ; *Interleukin-3/genetics/physiology/therapeutic use ; Macrophages/cytology ; Recombinant Proteins
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    High-speed chromosome sorting (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-10-16
    Description: Dual-beam high-speed sorting has been developed to facilitate purification of chromosomes based on DNA staining with the fluorescent dyes Hoechst 33258 and chromomycin A3. Approximately 200 chromosomes per second of two types can be sorted from a suspension of chromosomes isolated from human lymphoblasts while fluorescent objects (chromosomes, debris fragments, chromosome clumps, and nuclei) are processed at the rate of about 20,000 per second. This sorting rate is approximately ten times that possible with conventional sorters. Chromosomes of a single type can be sorted with a purity of about 90 percent. DNA from the sorted chromosomes is suitable for construction of recombinant DNA libraries and for gene mapping.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gray, J W -- Dean, P N -- Fuscoe, J C -- Peters, D C -- Trask, B J -- van den Engh, G J -- Van Dilla, M A -- HD17655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 16;238(4825):323-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA 94550.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2443974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bisbenzimidazole ; Cell Fractionation/*methods ; Chromomycin A3 ; Chromosomes/*ultrastructure ; Chromosomes, Human/ultrastructure ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/isolation & purification ; DNA, Recombinant ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Genes ; Humans
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    Identification of putative human T cell receptor delta complementary DNA clones (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: A novel T cell receptor (TCR) subunit termed TCR delta, associated with TCR gamma and CD3 polypeptides, was recently found on a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes. T cell-specific complementary DNA clones present in a human TCR gamma delta T cell complementary DNA library were obtained and characterized in order to identify candidate clones encoding TCR delta. One cross-hybridizing group of clones detected transcripts that are expressed in lymphocytes bearing TCR gamma delta but not in other T lymphocytes and are encoded by genes that are rearranged in TCR gamma delta lymphocytes but deleted in other T lymphocytes. Their sequences indicate homology to the variable, joining, and constant elements of other TCR and immunoglobulin genes. These characteristics, as well as the immunochemical data presented in a companion paper, are strong evidence that the complementary DNA clones encode TCR delta.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hata, S -- Brenner, M B -- Krangel, M S -- 1-K01-AM01598/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):678-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Tumor Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3499667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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    Uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein): a renal ligand for lymphokines (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-09-18
    Description: The protein portion of the immunosuppressive glycoprotein uromodulin is identical to the Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein and is synthesized in the kidney. Evidence that the glycoproteins are the same is based on amino acid sequence identity, immunologic cross-reactivity, and tissue localization to the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. Nucleic acid sequencing of clones for uromodulin isolated from a complementary DNA bank from human kidney predicts a protein 639 amino acids in length, including a 24--amino acid leader sequence and a cysteine-rich mature protein with eight potential glycosylation sites. Uromodulin and preparations of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein bind to recombinant murine interleukin-1 (rIL-1) and human rIL-1 alpha, rIL-1 beta, and recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF). Uromodulin isolated from urine of pregnant women by lectin adherence is more immunosuppressive than material isolated by the original salt-precipitation protocol of Tamm and Horsfall. Immunohistologic studies demonstrate that rIL-1 and rTNF bind to the same area of the human kidney that binds to antiserum specific for uromodulin. Thus, uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein) may function as a unique renal regulatory glycoprotein that specifically binds to and regulates the circulating activity of a number of potent cytokines, including IL-1 and TNF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hession, C -- Decker, J M -- Sherblom, A P -- Kumar, S -- Yue, C C -- Mattaliano, R J -- Tizard, R -- Kawashima, E -- Schmeissner, U -- Heletky, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 18;237(4821):1479-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3498215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/metabolism ; Kidney/*metabolism ; Ligands/metabolism ; Lymphokines/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Mucoproteins/*analysis/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Uromodulin
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    Clathrin light chains LCA and LCB are similar, polymorphic, and share repeated heptad motifs (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-04-17
    Description: The clathrin light chains fall into two major classes, LCA and LCB. In an intact clathrin triskelion, one light chain, of either class, is bound to the proximal segment of a heavy chain leg. Analysis of rat brain and liver complementary DNA clones for LCA and LCB shows that the two light chain classes are closely related. There appear to be several members of each class having deletions of varying length aligned at the same position. A set of ten heptad elements, characteristic of alpha-helical coiled coils, is a striking feature of the central part of each derived amino acid sequence. These observations suggest a model in which the alpha-helical segment mediates binding to clathrin heavy chains and the amino- and carboxyl-terminal segments mediate interactions with other proteins. They also suggest an explanation for the observed tissue-dependent size variation for members of each class.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kirchhausen, T -- Scarmato, P -- Harrison, S C -- Monroe, J J -- Chow, E P -- Mattaliano, R J -- Ramachandran, K L -- Smart, J E -- Ahn, A H -- Brosius, J -- MH 38819/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM 36548-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 17;236(4799):320-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3563513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/metabolism ; Clathrin/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; Liver/metabolism ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rats ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Clathrin requirement for normal growth of yeast (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1987-10-23
    Description: Clathrin-coated membranes and coated vesicles take part in the selective transfer of proteins between different subcellular compartments of eukaryotic cells. To allow assessment of the role of clathrin in vesicular transport, genetic analysis of the clathrin heavy chain gene (CHC1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was initiated. The complete heavy chain gene was cloned, and the effects of deletion of this gene were studied. The null mutation (chc1-delta) is lethal unless a suppressor of clathrin deficiency (scd1) is present. Even in the presence of the suppressor gene, mutants lacking the clathrin heavy chain grow slowly, are genetically unstable, are morphologically abnormal, and show loss of or reduction in several yeast functions. These results indicate that clathrin is required for normal growth of yeast, and, therefore, most likely, for growth of all eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemmon, S K -- Jones, E W -- AI06884/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM18090/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM29713/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):504-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3116672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport ; Clathrin/*genetics/physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane/physiology ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; Diploidy ; Immunologic Techniques ; Mutation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*growth & development ; Spores ; Suppression, Genetic
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    Molecular cloning of complementary DNA encoding the avian receptor for vitamin D (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-03-06
    Description: Vitamin D3 receptors are intracellular proteins that mediate the nuclear action of the active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. Two receptor-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to recover the complementary DNA (cDNA) of this regulatory protein from a chicken intestinal lambda gt11 cDNA expression library. The amino acid sequences that were deduced from this cDNA revealed a highly conserved cysteine-rich region that displayed homology with a domain characteristic of other steroid receptors and with the gag-erbA oncogene product of avian erythroblastosis virus. RNA selected via hybridization with this DNA sequence directed the cell-free synthesis of immunoprecipitable vitamin D3 receptor. Northern blot analysis of polyadenylated RNA with these cDNA probes revealed two vitamin D receptor messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of 2.6 and 3.2 kilobases in receptor-containing chicken tissues and a major cross-hybridizing receptor mRNA species of 4.2 kilobases in mouse 3T6 fibroblasts. The 4.2-kilobase species was substantially increased by prior exposure of 3T6 cells to 1,25(OH)2D3. This cDNA represents perhaps the rarest mRNA cloned to date in eukaryotes, as well as the first receptor sequence described for an authentic vitamin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonnell, D P -- Mangelsdorf, D J -- Pike, J W -- Haussler, M R -- O'Malley, B W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Mar 6;235(4793):1214-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3029866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Calcitriol/metabolism ; Chickens/*metabolism ; Cholecalciferol/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; Genetic Code ; Mice ; Molecular Conformation ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 82
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    Developmental control gene sequenced (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 3;236(4797):26-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2882602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila melanogaster/*embryology ; Eye/embryology ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Growth Substances/physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    A parathyroid hormone-related protein implicated in malignant hypercalcemia: cloning and expression (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-08-21
    Description: Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy is a common complication of lung and certain other cancers. The hypercalcemia results from the actions of tumor factors on bone and kidney. We report here the isolation of full-length complementary DNA clones of a putative hypercalcemia factor, and the expression from the cloned DNA of the active protein in mammalian cells. The clones encode a prepro peptide of 36 amino acids and a mature protein of 141 amino acids that has significant homology with parathyroid hormone in the amino-terminal region. This previously unrecognized hormone may be important in normal as well as abnormal calcium metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suva, L J -- Winslow, G A -- Wettenhall, R E -- Hammonds, R G -- Moseley, J M -- Diefenbach-Jagger, H -- Rodda, C P -- Kemp, B E -- Rodriguez, H -- Chen, E Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 21;237(4817):893-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3616618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia/*genetics ; Lung Neoplasms/complications/*genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; Parathyroid Hormone/genetics ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 84
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    Immunochemical proof that a novel rearranging gene encodes the T cell receptor delta subunit (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: The T cell receptor (TCR) delta protein is expressed as part of a heterodimer with TCR gamma, in association with the CD3 polypeptides on a subset of functional peripheral blood T lymphocytes, thymocytes, and certain leukemic T cell lines. A monoclonal antibody directed against TCR delta was produced that binds specifically to the surface of several TCR gamma delta cell lines and immunoprecipitates the TCR gamma delta as a heterodimer from Triton X-100 detergent lysates and also immunoprecipitates the TCR delta subunit alone after chain separation. A candidate human TCR delta complementary DNA clone (IDP2 O-240/38), reported in a companion paper, was isolated by the subtractive library approach from a TCR gamma delta cell line. This complementary DNA clone was used to direct the synthesis of a polypeptide that is specifically recognized by the monoclonal antibody to TCR delta. This complementary DNA clone thus corresponds to the gene that encodes the TCR delta subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Band, H -- Hochstenbach, F -- McLean, J -- Hata, S -- Krangel, M S -- Brenner, M B -- 1-KO1-AMO1598/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- 5RO1-AI15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- SO7RR5526-24/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):682-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Tumor Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3672118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics/immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Sevenless, a cell-specific homeotic gene of Drosophila, encodes a putative transmembrane receptor with a tyrosine kinase domain (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-04-03
    Description: The determination of cell fates during the assembly of the ommatidia in the compound eye of Drosophila appears to be controlled by cell-cell interactions. In this process, the sevenless gene is essential for the development of a single type of photoreceptor cell. In the absence of proper sevenless function the cells that would normally become the R7 photoreceptors instead become nonneuronal cells. Previous morphological and genetic analysis has indicated that the product of the sevenless gene is involved in reading or interpreting the positional information that specifies this particular developmental pathway. The sevenless gene has now been isolated and characterized. The data indicate that sevenless encodes a transmembrane protein with a tyrosine kinase domain. This structural similarity between sevenless and certain hormone receptors suggests that similar mechanisms are involved in developmental decisions based on cell-cell interaction and physiological or developmental changes induced by diffusible factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hafen, E -- Basler, K -- Edstroem, J E -- Rubin, G M -- GM32795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 3;236(4797):55-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2882603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Drosophila melanogaster/*embryology/genetics ; Eye/cytology/embryology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Growth Substances/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Phenotype ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics/physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Left-handed DNA in vivo (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-06
    Description: Left-handed DNA is shown to exist and elicit a biological response in Escherichia coli. A plasmid encoding the gene for a temperature-sensitive Eco RI methylase (MEco RI) was cotransformed with different plasmids containing inserts that had varying capacities to form left-handed helices or cruciforms with a target Eco RI site in the center or at the ends of the inserts. Inhibition of methylation in vivo was found for the stable inserts with the longest left-handed (presumably Z) helices. In vitro methylation with the purified MEco RI agreed with the results in vivo. Supercoil-induced changes in the structure of the primary helix in vitro provided confirmation that left-handed helices were responsible for this behavior. The presence in vivo of left-handed inserts elicits specific deletions and plasmid incompatibilities in certain instances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaworski, A -- Hsieh, W T -- Blaho, J A -- Larson, J E -- Wells, R D -- GM 30822/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):773-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3313728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Superhelical/genetics ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/*genetics ; Kinetics ; Methyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Plasmids ; *Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific)
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Cloning, sequencing, and expression of the gene coding for the human platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptor (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-10-30
    Description: The gene for the human platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptor has been cloned with oligonucleotides corresponding to the partial amino acid sequence of the purified receptor. The identity of this gene has been confirmed by the binding of alpha 2-adrenergic ligands to the cloned receptor expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The deduced amino acid sequence is most similar to the recently cloned human beta 2- and beta 1-adrenergic receptors; however, similarities to the muscarinic cholinergic receptors are also evident. Two related genes have been identified by low stringency Southern blot analysis. These genes may represent additional alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobilka, B K -- Matsui, H -- Kobilka, T S -- Yang-Feng, T L -- Francke, U -- Caron, M G -- Lefkowitz, R J -- Regan, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 30;238(4827):650-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2823383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blood Platelets/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Phosphoproteins/genetics ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Derivation of clones close to met by preparative field inversion gel electrophoresis (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-06-05
    Description: The molecular analysis of genes identified by mutations is a major problem in mammalian genetics. As a step toward this goal, preparative field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE) was used to selectively isolate clones from the environment of genetically linked markers, and to select a subset of these clones containing sequences next to specific restriction sites rare in mammalian DNA. This approach has been used to generate a library highly enriched in sequences closely linked to the cystic fibrosis marker met. One clone derived from the end of a Not I restriction fragment containing the met sequence was analyzed in detail and localized within a long range map to a position 300 kilobase pairs 5' of the metD sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michiels, F -- Burmeister, M -- Lehrach, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1305-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3035716" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophage lambda ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Electrophoresis/*methods ; *Genetic Markers ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    The maize transposable element Ds is spliced from RNA (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-08-21
    Description: In some instances, insertion of maize transposable elements into exons does not result in the total loss of enzymatic activity. In other instances, messenger RNAs of wild-type size are encoded by genes known to contain the maize transposable element Dissociation (Ds) in exons. To understand how Ds is processed from RNA, a study was made of transcripts encoded by two alleles of the maize waxy (wx) gene containing Ds insertions in exon sequences. The analysis was carried out in strains where the Ds element could not excise from the wx gene. Despite insertions of 4.3- and 1.5-Ds elements, the predominant transcripts encoded by these two genes were wild type in size. For both alleles, DNA sequencing of complementary DNAs revealed that the Ds elements had been spliced in a similar manner. Splicing was accomplished by the utilization of multiple 5' donor splice sites in the Ds termini and a 3' acceptor site within the wx gene adjacent to the Ds element. The net effect in both cases was the removal of most of the Ds element from the messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wessler, S R -- Baran, G -- Varagona, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 21;237(4817):916-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3039661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; Exons ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Zea mays/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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