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  • Mice  (115)
  • Cells, Cultured  (36)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (144)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Elsevier
  • PANGAEA
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (144)
  • 1985  (144)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (144)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Elsevier
  • PANGAEA
  • Springer  (10)
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (144)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: Mice were fed an ethanol-containing liquid diet for 9 days. On removal of the diet, exposure to 12 atmospheres absolute of a mixture of helium and oxygen precipitated earlier withdrawal, increased withdrawal scores for the first 6 hours, and increased the peak withdrawal intensity compared to dependent animals exposed to control conditions. The enhanced withdrawal did not appear to reflect alterations in ethanol elimination, oxygen or helium partial pressures, body temperature, or general excitability. These results extend to chronically treated animals the evidence that hyperbaric exposure antagonizes the membrane actions of ethanol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alkana, R L -- Finn, D A -- Galleisky, G G -- Syapin, P J -- Malcolm, R D -- R01AA03972/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):772-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4040651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atmospheric Pressure ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/physiology ; Ethanol/*adverse effects/pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*physiopathology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: Papillomaviruses (PV) contain several conserved genes that may encode nonstructural proteins; however, none of these predicted gene products have been identified. Papillomavirus E6 genes are retained and expressed as RNA in PV-associated human and animal carcinomas and cell lines. This suggests that the E6 gene product may be important in the maintenance of the malignant phenotype. The E6 open reading frame of the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) genome has been identified as one of two BPV genes that can independently transform mouse cells in vitro. A polypeptide encoded by this region of BPV was produced in a bacterial expression vector and used to raise antisera. The antisera specifically immunoprecipitated the predicted 15.5-kilodalton BPV E6 protein from cells transformed by the E6 gene. The E6 protein was identified in both the nuclear and membrane fractions of these transformed cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Androphy, E J -- Schiller, J T -- Lowy, D R -- 5-F32-CA-07237/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):442-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996134" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bovine papillomavirus 1/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Papillomaviridae/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Tumor Virus Infections/genetics ; Viral Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Developments in microscope, sensor, and image-processing technologies have led to integrated systems for the quantification of low-light-level emission signals from biological samples. Specificity is provided in the form of monoclonal antibodies and other ligands or enzyme substrates conjugated with efficient fluorophores. Fluorescent probes are also available for cellular macromolecular constituents and for free ions of biological interest such as H+ and Ca2+. The entire spectrum of photophysical phenomena can be exploited. Representative data are presented from studies of DNA conformation and architecture in polytene chromosomes and from studies of receptor-mediated endocytosis, calcium distribution, and the organization of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arndt-Jovin, D J -- Robert-Nicoud, M -- Kaufman, S J -- Jovin, T M -- FO6 TWOO960/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):247-56.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analog-Digital Conversion ; Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells/*cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; Drosophila ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Kinetics ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/instrumentation/*methods ; Salivary Glands/cytology
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Two transgenic mice were obtained that contain in their chromosomes the complete hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome except for the core gene. These mice secrete particles of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. In one mouse, HBV DNA sequences that had integrated at two different sites were shown to segregate independently in the first filial generation (F1) and only one of the sequences allowed expression of the surface antigen. Among these animals the males produced five to ten times more HBsAg than the females. A 2.1-kilobase messenger RNA species comigrating with the major surface gene messenger RNA is expressed specifically in the liver in the two original mice. The results suggest that the HBV sequences introduced into the mice are able to confer a tissue-specific expression to the S gene. In addition, the HBV transgenic mice represent a new model for the chronic carrier state of hepatitis B virus infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babinet, C -- Farza, H -- Morello, D -- Hadchouel, M -- Pourcel, C -- CA37300-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1160-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3865370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier State ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; *Genetic Engineering ; Hepatitis B/genetics ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: The carcinogenic process is extremely complex and is affected by diverse environmental and host factors. The mechanism for the gradual development of the transformed phenotype (a process termed "progression") was studied in type 5 adenovirus (Ad5)-transformed rat embryo cells. Progression was not correlated with major changes in the pattern of integration of viral DNA sequences. Instead, it was associated with an increased methylation of integrated viral sequences other than those corresponding to the E1 transforming genes of Ad5. A single exposure of progressed cells to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (Aza) resulted in a stable reversion to the unprogressed state of the original parental clone. A further selection of cells after growth in agar allowed the isolation of Aza-treated clones that had regained the progressed phenotype. These observations indicate that progression is a reversible process and suggest that progression may be associated with changes in the state of methylation of one or more specific genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babiss, L E -- Zimmer, S G -- Fisher, P B -- CA-33434/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-35675/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1099-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2581317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/*genetics ; Animals ; Azacitidine/*pharmacology ; Cell Division ; Cell Transformation, Viral/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; *Methylation ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/embryology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Many higher plants produce economically important organic compounds such as oils, resins, tannins, natural rubber, gums, waxes, dyes, flavors and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. However, most species of higher plants have never been described, much less surveyed for chemical or biologically active constituents, and new sources of commercially valuable materials remain to be discovered. Advances in biotechnology, particularly methods for culturing plant cells and tissues, should provide new means for the commercial processing of even rare plants and the chemicals they produce. These new technologies will extend and enhance the usefulness of plants as renewable resources of valuable chemicals. In the future, biologically active plant-derived chemicals can be expected to play an increasingly significant role in the commercial development of new products for regulating plant growth and for insect and weed control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balandrin, M F -- Klocke, J A -- Wurtele, E S -- Bollinger, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1154-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification ; Cells, Cultured ; Insecticides/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/analysis ; Plant Growth Regulators/isolation & purification ; *Plants/analysis ; *Plants, Medicinal
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: In a study of recombinant proteins that might be useful in developing a vaccine against malaria, synthetic peptides from the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum were found to be immunogenic for mice and rabbits. Antibody to peptides from the repeating region of the CS protein recognized native CS protein and blocked sporozoite invasion of human hepatoma cells in vitro. Antibodies to peptides from regions I and II had no biologic activity, although antibody to region I recognized processed CS protein by Western blot analysis. These data support the feasibility of developing a vaccine against the sporozoite stage of the malaria parasite by using synthetic peptides of the repeating region of the CS protein conjugated to a carrier protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballou, W R -- Rothbard, J -- Wirtz, R A -- Gordon, D M -- Williams, J S -- Gore, R W -- Schneider, I -- Hollingdale, M R -- Beaudoin, R L -- Maloy, W L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):996-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line ; Cross Reactions ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Liver Neoplasms ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Mice ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology/physiology ; Precipitin Tests ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Rabbits ; Vaccines/immunology
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1260.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*physiopathology ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Fifteen independently isolated complementary DNA clones that contain T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta genes were sequenced and found to represent 11 different V beta genes. When compared with known sequences, 14 different V beta genes could be defined from a total of 25 complementary DNA's; 11 clones therefore involved repeated usage of previously identified V beta's. Based on these data, we calculate a maximum likelihood estimate of the number of expressed germline V beta genes to be 18 with an upper 95 percent confidence bound of 30 genes. Southern blot analysis has shown that most of these genes belong to single element subfamilies which show very limited interstrain polymorphism. The TCR beta-chain diversity appears to be generated from a limited V beta gene pool primarily by extensive variability at the variable-diversity-joining (V-D-J) junctional site, with no evidence for the involvement of somatic hypermutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behlke, M A -- Spinella, D G -- Chou, H S -- Sha, W -- Hartl, D L -- Loh, D Y -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; Gene Pool ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymus Gland
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1985-08-30
    Description: A highly specific polyclonal rabbit antiserum directed against murine cachectin/tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was prepared. When BALB/c mice were passively immunized with the antiserum or with purified immune globulin, they were protected against the lethal effect of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide produced by Escherichia coli. The prophylactic effect was dose-dependent and was most effective when the antiserum was administered prior to the injection of the endotoxin. Antiserum to cachectin/TNF did not mitigate the febrile response of endotoxin-treated animals, and very high doses of endotoxin could overcome the protective effect. The median lethal dose of endotoxin in mice pretreated with 50 microliters of the specific antiserum was approximately 2.5 times greater the median lethal dose for controls given nonimmune serum. The data suggest that cachectin/TNF is one of the principal mediators of the lethal effect of endotoxin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beutler, B -- Milsark, I W -- Cerami, A C -- AM01314/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 30;229(4716):869-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3895437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endotoxins/*toxicity ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Glycoproteins/immunology/*physiology ; Immune Sera ; Immunization, Passive ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Lipopolysaccharides/*toxicity ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Proteins/immunology/*physiology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: The T-cell receptor beta-chain gene has a nuclease hypersensitive site in several kinds of T cells, which does not appear in B cells expressing immunoglobulins. Conversely, the kappa immunoglobulin gene shows a known hypersensitive site at its enhancer element in B cells, as expected, but this site is absent in T cells. As is the case with immunoglobulin genes, the T-cell receptor site lies within the gene, in the intron separating joining and constant region segments. These nuclease hypersensitive DNA configurations in the introns of active T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes may arise from control elements that share ancestry but have diverged to the extent that each normally acts only in lymphoid cells which use the proximal gene product.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bier, E -- Hashimoto, Y -- Greene, M I -- Maxam, A M -- AI 19901/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 22427/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):528-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3927483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Mapping ; Collodion ; Deoxyribonuclease I/*metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunochemistry ; Immunoglobulin Fragments/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/genetics ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1985-11-15
    Description: Heterokaryons provide a model system in which to examine how tissue-specific phenotypes arise and are maintained. When muscle cells are fused with nonmuscle cells, muscle gene expression is activated in the nonmuscle cell type. Gene expression was studied either at a single cell level with monoclonal antibodies or in mass cultures at a biochemical and molecular level. In all of the nonmuscle cell types tested, including representatives of different embryonic lineages, phenotypes, and developmental stages, muscle gene expression was induced. Differences among cell types in the kinetics, frequency, and gene dosage requirements for gene expression provide clues to the underlying regulatory mechanisms. These results show that the expression of genes in the nuclei of differentiated cells is remarkably plastic and susceptible to modulation by the cytoplasm. The isolation of the genes encoding the tissue-specific trans-acting regulators responsible for muscle gene activation should now be possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blau, H M -- Pavlath, G K -- Hardeman, E C -- Chiu, C P -- Silberstein, L -- Webster, S G -- Miller, S C -- Webster, C -- GM07149/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM26717/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD18179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):758-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure ; Epidermis/cytology ; Fetus/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Keratins/physiology ; Kinetics ; Liver/cytology ; Mice ; Muscle Development ; Muscles/cytology ; Myosins/genetics ; Phenotype ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is translated as a 152-amino acid precursor preproANF. PreproANF is converted to the 126-amino acid proANF, the storage form of ANF in the atria. ANF isolated from the blood is approximately 25 amino acids long. It is demonstrated here that rat cardiocytes in culture store and secrete proANF. Incubation of proANF with serum produced a smaller ANF peptide. PreproANF seems to be processed to proANF in the atria, and proANF appears to be released into the blood, where it is converted by a protease to a smaller peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloch, K D -- Scott, J A -- Zisfein, J B -- Fallon, J T -- Margolies, M N -- Seidman, C E -- Matsueda, G R -- Homcy, C J -- Graham, R M -- Seidman, J G -- 1R23CA33570/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL07208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL26215/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1168-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2933808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; Autoradiography ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Heart/physiology ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Myocardium/*cytology/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits/immunology ; Rats
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: In certain strains of mice, bone marrow grafts from parental donors fail to grow in first-generation hybrid mice. This "hybrid resistance" of nonsensitized F1 hybrid mice to the engraftment of parental hematopoietic transplants contradicts the classical laws of transplantation and is dependent on a radioresistant but immunogenetically specific effector mechanism. Studies in a new in vitro model reveal that committed hematopoietic precursors of parental origin can be inactivated by direct contact with natural killer-like splenic effectors from F1 mice. The reaction requires genetically restricted recognition, since only parental competitors syngeneic to the target bone marrow cells partially reversed this inactivation. Models of this type may be useful in studying the possible role of natural resistance in bone marrow transplantation in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bordignon, C -- Daley, J P -- Nakamura, I -- AM-13969/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA-12844/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1398-401.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3906897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/immunology ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Crosses, Genetic ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology ; *Histocompatibility ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Immunity, Innate ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Models, Biological
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1985-07-05
    Description: Preparation of bispecific antibodies by the chemical reassociation of monovalent fragments derived from monoclonal mouse immunoglobulin G1 is inefficient because of side reactions during reoxidation of the multiple disulfide bonds linking the heavy chains. These side reactions can be avoided by using specific dithiol complexing agents such as arsenite and effecting disulfide formation with a thiol activating agent such as 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). In this way bispecific antibodies were obtained in high yield and free of monospecific contaminants from monoclonal mouse immunoglobulin G1 fragments. The bispecific antibodies were used as agents for the selective immobilization of enzymes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brennan, M -- Davison, P F -- Paulus, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):81-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3925553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Antibody Specificity ; Arsenic ; *Arsenites ; Avidin/immunology ; Disulfides ; Dithionitrobenzoic Acid ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; *Immunoglobulin G ; Luciferases/immunology ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; *Sodium Compounds ; beta-Galactosidase/immunology
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-13
    Description: Stereoscopic pair images with parallel projection geometry are obtained by through-focusing along two inclined axes while recording two (summed and stacked) images with a microscope with a very shallow depth of field. The two stack images sample the same depth slice of translucent or reflective specimens. The method will work most conveniently with a tandem scanning microscope (a direct-view, confocal scanning optical microscope). This is a direct method for recording stereo images that can be used to the limit of resolution in optical microscopy. It demonstrates a previously unrealized advantage of confocal optical microscopy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boyde, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1270-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071051" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Cerebellum/anatomy & histology ; Mice ; Microscopy/*methods ; Rats ; Spinal Cord/anatomy & histology
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Fibroblasts possess several distinct mechanisms that control cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix macromolecules. Monoclonal antibodies to a 140-kilodalton (kD) cell surface glycoprotein inhibited the adhesion of fibroblastic Chinese hamster ovary cells to fibronectin-coated substrata but did not inhibit adhesion to substrata coated with vitronectin, laminin, serum, or other adhesive macromolecules. Thus the 140-kD glycoprotein appears to be involved in the fibronectin-mediated adhesion mechanism but not in other adhesion processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, P J -- Juliano, R L -- GM26165/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1448-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/immunology/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Glycoproteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: The polypeptide interleukin-1 mediates many host responses to infection and inflammation. A method was developed for studying interleukin-1 levels in human plasma from febrile patients. Interleukin-1 activity was also consistently found in plasma samples from women in the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle. This activity was neutralized by a specific antiserum to human interleukin-1 and was low in plasma from healthy men and preovulatory women. Thus interleukin-1 appears to have a role in normal physiological conditions as well as in disease states.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cannon, J G -- Dinarello, C A -- AI 15614/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI 06951/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1247-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3871966" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature ; Female ; Fever/physiopathology ; Follicular Phase ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/*analysis/physiology ; *Luteal Phase ; Male ; Mice ; Ovulation
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-06
    Description: Tissue factor (tissue thromboplastin, coagulation factor III), a protein component of cell membranes, is an essential cofactor for factor VII-dependent initiation of blood coagulation. Since no tissue factor-deficient condition has been described, it is one of only a few proteins of the coagulation system for which the pattern of inheritance has not been ascertained. Because of the species-specificity of tissue factor activity and the availability of a very sensitive chromogenic assay, it was possible in the present study to use somatic cell hybrids to assign the chromosomal location of the tissue factor structural gene (F3) to human chromosome 1 (1pter----1p21).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carson, S D -- Henry, W M -- Shows, T B -- GM-20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL-31408/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 6;229(4717):991-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosomes, Human, 1-3 ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Mice ; Thromboplastin/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: Both elemental distribution and ion transport in cultured cells have been imaged by ion microscopy. Morphological and chemical information was obtained with a spatial resolution of approximately 0.5 micron for sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in freeze-fixed, cryofractured, and freeze-dried normal rat kidney cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Ion transport was successfully demonstrated by imaging Na+-K+ fluxes after the inhibition of Na+- and K+ -dependent adenosine triphosphatase with ouabain. This method allows measurements of elemental (isotopic) distribution to be related to cell morphology, thereby providing the means for studying ion distribution and ion transport under different physiological, pathological, and toxicological conditions in cell culture systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandra, S -- Morrison, G H -- R01GM24314/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1543-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/analysis ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Elements/*analysis ; Female ; Freeze Fracturing ; Kidney/*ultrastructure ; Magnesium/analysis ; Microscopy/methods ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Ovary/*ultrastructure ; Potassium/analysis ; Rats ; Sodium/analysis ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tissue Distribution
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: Fibrinogen fragment D, which is heterogeneous, has several important biological functions. Human fibrinogen fragments D94 (molecular weight, 94,000), D78 (78,000), and E (52,000) were purified. Fragments D78 and D94 but not purified fibrinogen or fragment E specifically caused disorganization of bovine aortic endothelial cells cultured as monolayers. Within 2 hours of exposure to pathophysiological concentrations of fragment D, the confluent endothelial cells retracted from each other and projected pseudopodia. These disturbed cells subsequently became rounded and detached from the substrate. The actin present in stress fibers in stationary monolayer cells was diffusely redistributed in cells with fragment D-induced alterations in morphology. This effect was not observed in monolayers of kidney epithelial cells. The results demonstrate a specific effect of fibrinogen fragment D on the disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers and suggest that fragment D plays a role in the pathogenesis of syndromes with vascular endothelial damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dang, C V -- Bell, W R -- Kaiser, D -- Wong, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1487-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4038818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/analysis ; Animals ; Aorta ; Cattle ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton/drug effects ; Endothelium/analysis/*cytology/drug effects/ultrastructure ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pseudopodia/drug effects
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 1985-04-12
    Description: Activated versions of ras genes have been found in various types of malignant tumors. The normal versions of these genes are found in organisms as diverse as mammals and yeasts. Yeast cells that lack their functional ras genes, RASSC-1 and RASSC-2, are ordinarily nonviable. They have now been shown to remain viable if they carry a mammalian rasH gene. In addition, yeast-mammalian hybrid genes and a deletion mutant yeast RASSC-1 gene were shown to induce morphologic transformation of mouse NIH 3T3 cells when the genes had a point mutation analogous to one that increases the transforming activity of mammalian ras genes. The results establish the functional relevance of the yeast system to the genetics and biochemistry of cellular transformation induced by mammalian ras genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeFeo-Jones, D -- Tatchell, K -- Robinson, L C -- Sigal, I S -- Vass, W C -- Lowy, D R -- Scolnick, E M -- CA37702/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):179-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Plasmids ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Proto-onc genes are normal cellular genes that are related to the transforming (onc) genes of retroviruses. Because of this relationship these genes are now widely believed to be potential cancer genes. In some tumors, proto-onc genes are mutated or expressed more than in normal cells. Under these conditions, proto-onc genes are hypothesized to be active cancer genes in one of two possible ways: The one gene-one cancer hypothesis suggests that one activated proto-onc gene is sufficient to cause cancer. The multigene-one cancer hypothesis suggests that an activated proto-onc gene is a necessary but not a sufficient cause of cancer. However, mutated or transcriptionally activated proto-onc genes are not consistently associated with the tumors in which they are occasionally found and do not transform primary cells. Further, no set of an activated proto-onc gene and a complementary cancer gene with transforming function has yet been isolated from a tumor. Thus, there is still no proof that activated proto-onc genes are sufficient or even necessary to cause cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duesberg, P H -- CA 11426/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):669-77.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3992240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Chickens ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Kirsten murine sarcoma virus/genetics ; Lymphoma/genetics ; Melanoma/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/etiology/*genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Plasmacytoma/genetics ; Rats ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Sarcoma, Experimental/genetics ; Transduction, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic ; Tumor Virus Infections/genetics
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 1985-10-25
    Description: The retroviral transmembrane envelope protein p15E is immunosuppressive in that it inhibits immune responses of lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. A region of p15E has been conserved among murine and feline retroviruses; a homologous region is also found in the transmembrane envelope proteins of the human retroviruses HTLV-I and HTLV-II and in a putative envelope protein encoded by an endogenous C-type human retroviral DNA. A peptide (CKS-17) was synthesized to correspond to this region of homology and was examined for its effects on lymphocyte proliferation. CKS-17 inhibited the proliferation of an interleukin-2-dependent murine cytotoxic T-cell line as well as alloantigen-stimulated proliferation of murine and human lymphocytes. Four other peptides, representing different regions of virus proteins, were inactive. These results suggest that the immunosuppressive portion of retroviral transmembrane envelope proteins may reside, at least in part, in a-conserved sequence represented by the CKS-17 peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cianciolo, G J -- Copeland, T D -- Oroszlan, S -- Snyderman, R -- P01-CA29589-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R23-CA34671-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):453-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia Virus, Feline/genetics ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphocytes/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Spleen/cytology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*pharmacology
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1985-03-15
    Description: Human lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to ultrasound from two clinical devices, one of which was previously reported to have increased the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges. The ultrasonic exposures had no significant effect on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges from three blood donors. Exposure to ultrasound also had no effect on cell cycle progression. A concomitant positive control (mitomycin C) resulted in a significant increase in sister chromatid exchanges.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciaravino, V -- Brulfert, A -- Miller, M W -- Jacobson-Kram, D -- Morgan, W F -- ES03000/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES03238/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM22680/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 15;227(4692):1349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; *Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Ultrasonography/*adverse effects
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: A retroviral expression vector (N2) containing the selectable gene, neoR, has been used to determine the optimal conditions for infecting murine hematopoietic progenitor cells at high efficiency. After infected bone marrow cells were introduced into lethally irradiated mice, the presence, stability, and expression of the vector DNA sequences were analyzed either in individual spleen foci 10 days later or in the blood, bone marrow, and spleens of mice 4 months later. When bone marrow cells were cultured in medium containing virus with titers of more than 10(6) colony-forming units per milliliter in the presence of purified murine interleukin-3, more than 85 percent of the resulting foci contained vector DNA. This proviral vector DNA was intact. Efficient expression of the neoR gene was demonstrated in most of the DNA-positive foci examined. The spleens of reconstituted animals (over a long term) contained intact "vector DNA" and the blood and bone marrow expressed the neoR gene in some animals. Thus, a retroviral vector can be used to introduce intact exogenous DNA sequences into hematopoietic stem cells with high efficiency and with substantial expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eglitis, M A -- Kantoff, P -- Gilboa, E -- Anderson, W F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1395-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; *Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Spleen/microbiology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1985-02-15
    Description: Isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium and alpha-tocopherol succinate with three different toxic chemicals; namely, adriamycin in combination with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, ethyl methanesulfonate, and the calcium ionophore A23187. In the absence of extracellular calcium these three compounds were far more toxic to the cells than in its presence. The addition of vitamin E to calcium-free medium, however, protected hepatocytes against toxic injury, whereas cells incubated in medium containing calcium were not protected. Hepatocyte viability during each toxic insult correlated well with the cellular alpha-tocopherol content but not with the presence or absence of extracellular calcium. These results suggest that cellular alpha-tocopherol maintains the viability of the cell during a toxic insult and that the presence or absence of vitamin E in the incubation medium probably explains the conflicting reports on the role of extracellular calcium in toxic cell death.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fariss, M W -- Pascoe, G A -- Reed, D J -- ES01978/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES07060/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):751-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3918345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcimycin/toxicity ; Calcium/*physiology ; Carmustine/toxicity ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Doxorubicin/toxicity ; Ethyl Methanesulfonate/toxicity ; Liver/cytology/*drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Vitamin E/*physiology
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-26
    Description: The interleukins, which have a regulatory role in immune function, may also mediate inflammation associated with injury to the brain. In experiments to determine the effect of these peptide hormones on glial cell proliferation in culture, interleukin-1 was a potent mitogen for astroglia but had no effect on oligodendroglia. Interleukin-2 did not alter the growth of either type of glial cell. Activity similar to that of interleukin-1 was detected in brains of adult rats 10 days after the brains had been injured. These findings suggest that interleukin-1, released by inflammatory cells, may promote the formation of scars by astroglia in the damaged mammalian brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Giulian, D -- Lachman, L B -- EY04915/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA38043/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR5511/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3872478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Astrocytes/*pathology ; Brain Injuries/*pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange/methods ; Interleukin-1/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Interleukin-2/physiology ; Isoelectric Focusing ; *Mitogens ; Oligodendroglia/pathology ; Rats
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: The transfer of the human gene for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) into human bone marrow cells was accomplished by use of a retroviral vector. The cells were infected in vitro with a replication-incompetent murine retroviral vector that carried and expressed a mutant HPRT complementary DNA. The infected cells were superinfected with a helper virus and maintained in long-term culture. The production of progeny HPRT virus by the bone marrow cells was demonstrated with a colony formation assay on cultured HPRT-deficient, ouabain-resistant murine fibroblasts. Hematopoietic progenitor cells able to form colonies of granulocytes or macrophages (or both) in semisolid medium in the presence of colony stimulating factor were present in the nonadherent cell population. Colony forming units cloned in agar and subsequently cultured in liquid medium produced progeny HPRT virus, indicating infection of this class of hematopoietic progenitor cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gruber, H E -- Finley, K D -- Hershberg, R M -- Katzman, S S -- Laikind, P K -- Seegmiller, J E -- Friedmann, T -- Yee, J K -- Jolly, D J -- AM 13622/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 28223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD20034/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1057-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3864246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genetic Engineering ; Genetic Vectors ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/*genetics ; Mice ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transfection
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: In humans, herpes simplex virus causes a primary infection and then often a latent ganglionic infection that persists for life. Because these latent infections can recur periodically, vaccines are needed that can protect against both primary and latent herpes simplex infections. Infectious vaccinia virus recombinants that contain the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D gene under control of defined early or late vaccinia virus promoters were constructed. Tissue culture cells infected with these recombinant viruses synthesized a glycosylated protein that had the same mass (60,000 daltons) as the glycoprotein D produced by HSV-1. Immunization of mice with one of these recombinant viruses by intradermal, subcutaneous, or intraperitoneal routes resulted in the production of antibodies that neutralized HSV-1 and protected the mice against subsequent lethal challenge with HSV-1 or HSV-2. Immunization with the recombinant virus also protected the majority of the mice against the development of a latent HSV-1 infection of the trigeminal ganglia. This is the first demonstration that a genetically engineered vaccine can prevent the development of latency.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cremer, K J -- Mackett, M -- Wohlenberg, C -- Notkins, A L -- Moss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):737-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; *Genetic Engineering ; Herpes Simplex/immunology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Simplexvirus/genetics/immunology ; Vaccines ; Vaccinia virus/*genetics ; *Viral Envelope Proteins ; Viral Proteins/*genetics/immunology
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 1985-03-01
    Description: A human complementary DNA clone specific for the alpha-chain of the T-cell receptor and a panel of rodent X human somatic cell hybrids were used to map the alpha-chain gene to human chromosome 14 in a region proximal to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. Analysis by means of in situ hybridization of human metaphase chromosomes served to further localize the alpha-chain gene to region 14q11q12, which is consistently involved in translocations and inversions detectable in human T-cell leukemias and lymphomas. Thus, the locus for the alpha-chain T-cell receptor may participate in oncogene activation in T-cell tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Croce, C M -- Isobe, M -- Palumbo, A -- Puck, J -- Ming, J -- Tweardy, D -- Erikson, J -- Davis, M -- Rovera, G -- CA 10 815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA215875/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1044-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3919442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia/genetics ; Lymphoma/genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Formaldehyde, a common environmental pollutant, inhibits repair of O6-methylguanine and potentiates the mutagenicity of an alkylating agent, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, in normal human fibroblasts. Because formaldehyde alone also causes mutations in human cells, the compound may cause genotoxicity by a dual mechanism of directly damaging DNA and inhibiting repair of mutagenic and carcinogenic DNA lesions caused by other chemical and physical carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grafstrom, R C -- Curren, R D -- Yang, L L -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bronchi/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Repair/*drug effects ; Drug Synergism ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Formaldehyde/*adverse effects/pharmacology ; Guanine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Humans ; Methylnitrosourea/pharmacology ; Mutagens/*pharmacology
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):561-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Deaminase/deficiency ; Advisory Committees ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Dogs ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Federal Government ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; Mice ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC), has revised its draft guidelines, ; published in the 22 January 1985 Federal Register, for researchers submitting ; protocols for human gene therapy experiments. The major revisions in the "Points ; to Consider" are the elimination of a required response in the protocol to ; complex social and ethical questions and a greater flexibility in requirements ; for animal testing prior to human experimentation. Other modifications include ; provisions for public review of protocols, a requirement of patient agreement to ; long term follow-up and autopsy, and the limiting of review to only somatic cell ; therapy for the present. The stages of protocol review will involve local ethics ; and biosafety committees, then the Working Group, the full RAC, and finally the ; director of NIH.
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: Groups of 50 male and 50 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 60 to 61 weeks to air containing 0, 625, or 1250 parts per million 1,3-butadiene. These concentrations are somewhat below and slightly above the Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard of 1000 parts per million for butadiene. The study was designed for 104-week exposures but had to be ended early due to cancer-related mortality in both sexes at both exposure concentrations. There were early induction and significantly increased incidences of hemangiosarcomas of the heart, malignant lymphomas, alveolar-bronchiolar neoplasms, squamous cell neoplasms of the forestomach in males and females and acinar cell carcinomas of the mammary gland, granulosa cell neoplasms of the ovary, and hepatocellular neoplasms in females. Current workplace standards for exposure to butadiene should be reexamined in view of these findings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huff, J E -- Melnick, R L -- Solleveld, H A -- Haseman, J K -- Powers, M -- Miller, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):548-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3966163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants, Occupational/*toxicity ; Animals ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Brain Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Butadienes/*toxicity ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Inflammation ; Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Lymphoma/chemically induced ; Male ; Mammary Glands, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Nose Diseases/chemically induced ; Ovarian Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Stomach Neoplasms/chemically induced
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 1985-01-18
    Description: Enhancer sequences are regulatory regions that greatly increase transcription of certain eukaryotic genes. An immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable gene segment is moved from a region lacking enhancer activity to a position adjacent to the known heavy-chain enhancer early in B-cell maturation. In lymphoid cells, the heavy-chain and SV40 enhancers bind a common factor essential for enhancer function. In contrast, fibroblast cells contain a functionally distinct factor that is used by the SV40 but not by the heavy-chain enhancer. The existence of different factors in these cells may explain the previously described lymphoid cell specificity of the heavy-chain enhancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mercola, M -- Goverman, J -- Mirell, C -- Calame, K -- GM29361/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):266-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3917575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 36
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):257-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3925554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Mice ; Parkinson Disease/*etiology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced ; Pesticides/adverse effects ; Pyridines/adverse effects/metabolism ; Quebec ; Rats ; Substantia Nigra/drug effects
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  • 37
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1187.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4039848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors
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  • 38
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):571.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Clocks ; DNA/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Rats
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Immunoglobulin K genes are constructed during lymphocyte differentiation by the joining of two DNA elements, VK and JK, to form both a VKJK coding unit and a reciprocal recombination product. The two products formed in single VK-to-JK joining events can be directly isolated through the use of a retrovirally introduced recombination substrate. The structural analysis of a number of recombinants and the derivation of secondary recombination products define some of the basic features of the mechanism of immunoglobulin gene assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewis, S -- Gifford, A -- Baltimore, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):677-85.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3158075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Immunoglobulin J-Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Mice ; *Recombination, Genetic
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Old, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 8;230(4726):630-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2413547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use ; Drug Synergism ; *Glycoproteins/isolation & purification/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interferons/therapeutic use ; Macrophages/physiology ; Mice ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy ; Rabbits ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: A repeated 82 base pair sequence in genomic DNA of the rat was previously proposed as being a control element governing brain (neuron) specific genetic expression. This intronic sequence, termed the brain "identifier" (ID), is complementary to small RNA species localized in brain cytoplasm, and it was thought to be represented specifically in RNA produced by brain nuclei in vitro. The RNA blot analyses of total nuclear and polyadenylated heterogeneous nuclear RNA described in the present report show that this ID sequence is also present in the liver and kidney in abundances similar to those in the brain. This repeated sequence is not, therefore, restricted to transcripts produced in the brain as suggested from previous transcriptional "runoff" experiments. Measurements on rat and mouse nuclear RNA indicate that the abundance of ID sequence transcript is roughly proportional to the number of copies of this repeat in the respective genomes. This suggests a rather random genomic location and transcription of this sequence. From these results it seems improbable that the ID sequence functions as a transcriptional-level control element in genes expressed specifically in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owens, G P -- Chaudhari, N -- Hahn, W E -- NS10813/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412293" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Genes ; Kidney/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Mice ; Neural Crest/analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*analysis ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) causes a contagious disease of horses, cattle, and pigs. When DNA copies of messenger RNA's for the G or N proteins of VSV were linked to a vaccinia virus promoter and inserted into the vaccinia genome, the recombinants retained infectivity and synthesized VSV polypeptides. After intradermal vaccination with live recombinant virus expressing the G protein, mice produced VSV-neutralizing antibodies and were protected against lethal encephalitis upon intravenous challenge with VSV. In cattle, the degree of protection against intradermalingually injected VSV was correlated with the level of neutralizing antibody produced following vaccination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mackett, M -- Yilma, T -- Rose, J K -- Moss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):433-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/prevention & control ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes, Viral ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice ; Operon ; Stomatitis/prevention & control/veterinary ; Vaccination/veterinary ; Vaccinia virus/*genetics ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/genetics/*immunology ; *Viral Envelope Proteins ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis/*immunology ; Viral Vaccines/*immunology ; Virus Diseases/prevention & control/*veterinary
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  • 43
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: The dendritic arbors of sympathetic neurons in different species of mammals vary systematically: the superior cervical ganglion cells of smaller mammals have fewer and less extensive dendrites than the homologous neurons in larger animals. This difference in dendritic complexity according to body size is reflected in the convergence of ganglionic innervation; the ganglion cells of progressively larger mammals are innervated by progressively more axons. These relations have implications both for the function of homologous neural systems in animals of different sizes and for the regulation of neuronal geometry during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purves, D -- Lichtman, J W -- NS 11699/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 18629/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):298-302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Body Constitution ; Cricetinae ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Ganglia, Spinal/ultrastructure ; Guinea Pigs ; Mice ; Neurons/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: During normal mouse development the relative amounts of two types of U1 small nuclear RNA's (U1 RNA) change significantly. Fetal tissues have comparable levels of the two major types of mouse U1 RNA's, mU1a and mU1b, whereas most differentiated adult tissues contain only mU1a RNA's. Those adult tissues that also accumulate detectable amounts of embryonic (mU1b) RNA's (for example, testis, spleen, and thymus) contain a significant proportion of stem cells capable of further differentiation. Several strains of mice express minor sequence variants of U1 RNA's that are subject to the same developmental controls as the major types of adult and embryonic U1 RNA. The differential accumulation of embryonic U1 RNA's may influence the pattern of gene expression during early development and differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lund, E -- Kahan, B -- Dahlberg, J E -- CA 33453/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 30220/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1271-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*growth & development/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Liver/*growth & development/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; Testis/*growth & development/metabolism
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  • 45
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: Multiple copies of a gene that encodes human U1 small nuclear RNA were introduced into mouse C127 cells with bovine papilloma virus as the vector. For some recombinant constructions, the human U1 gene copies were maintained extrachromosomally on the viral episome in an unrearranged fashion. The relative abundance of human and mouse U1 small nuclear RNA varied from one cell line to another, but in some lines human U1 RNA accounted for as much as one-third of the total U1. Regardless of the level of human U1 expression, the total amount of U1 RNA (both mouse and human) in each cell line was nearly the same relative to endogenous mouse 5S or U2 RNA. This result was obtained whether measurements were made of total cellular U1 or of only the U1 in small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles that could be precipitated with antibody directed against the Sm antigen. The data suggest that the multigene families encoding mammalian U1 RNA are subject to some form of dosage compensation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mangin, M -- Ares, M Jr -- Weiner, A M -- GM09148/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM31073/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM31335/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):272-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Bovine papillomavirus 1/genetics ; Cell Line ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Plasmids ; RNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; Xenopus
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: Mouse lymphocytes incubated on cryostat-cut sections of lymphoid organs (lymph nodes and Peyer's patches) specifically adhere to the endothelium of high endothelial venules (HEV), the specialized blood vessels to which recirculating lymphocytes attach as they migrate from the blood into the parenchyma of the lymphoid organs. Treatment of sections with sialidase eliminated the binding of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph node HEV, had no effect on binding to Peyer's patch HEV, and had an intermediate effect on mesenteric lymph node HEV. These results suggest that sialic acid on endothelial cells may be an organ-specific recognition determinant for lymphocyte attachment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosen, S D -- Singer, M S -- Yednock, T A -- Stoolman, L M -- 1K08CA00959/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM235472/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):1005-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; Endothelium/*physiology ; Lymph Nodes/*blood supply ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Mice ; Neuraminidase/pharmacology ; Organ Specificity ; Peyer's Patches/*blood supply ; Sialic Acids/*physiology ; Venules
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 1985-08-02
    Description: The toxicity of macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the livers of man and animals has been attributed to the formation of reactive pyrroles from dihydropyrrolizines. Now a novel metabolite, trans-4-hydroxy-2-hexenal, has been isolated from the macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine, in an in vitro hepatic microsomal system. Other alkenals such as trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal have previously been isolated from microsomal systems when treated with halogenated hydrocarbons or subjected to lipid peroxidation. The in vivo pathology caused by trans-4-hydroxy-2-hexenal appears to be identical to that previously attributed to reactive pyrroles. There are similarities between the toxic effects of this alkenal and those of centrilobular hepatotoxins such as CCl4 and other alkenals formed during lipid peroxidation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Segall, H J -- Wilson, D W -- Dallas, J L -- Haddon, W F -- ES-03343/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):472-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehydes/*metabolism/toxicity ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury ; In Vitro Techniques ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lipid Peroxides/biosynthesis ; Liver Diseases/pathology ; Mice ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; Necrosis/chemically induced ; Portal Vein ; Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids/*metabolism/toxicity ; Rats
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: The search for new congeners of the leading anticancer drug doxorubicin has led to an analog that is approximately 1000 times more potent, noncardiotoxic at therapeutic dose levels, and non-cross-resistant with doxorubicin. The new anthracycline, 3'-deamino-3'-(3-cyano-4-morpholinyl)doxorubicin (MRA-CN), is produced by incorporation of the 3' amino group of doxorubicin in a new cyanomorpholinyl ring. The marked increase in potency was observed against human ovarian and breast carcinomas in vitro; it was not accompanied by an increase in cardiotoxicity in fetal mouse heart cultures. Doxorubicin and MRA-CN both produced typical cardiac ultrastructural and biochemical changes, but at equimolar concentrations. In addition, MRA-CN was not cross-resistant with doxorubicin in a variant of the human sarcoma cell line MES-SA selected for resistance to doxorubicin. Thus antitumor efficacy was dissociated from both cardiotoxicity and cross-resistance by this modification of anthracycline structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sikic, B I -- Ehsan, M N -- Harker, W G -- Friend, N F -- Brown, B W -- Newman, R A -- Hacker, M P -- Acton, E M -- CA 24543/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32250/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 33303/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1544-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antineoplastic Agents ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Cell Line ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart/drug effects ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis ; Mice ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pregnancy
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: An in vitro model was developed to study the hepatic phase of Plasmodium falciparum, the only malaria parasite lethal to man. Primary cultures of human hepatocytes were inoculated with sporozoites of Brazilian and African strains of P. falciparum. On days 1 through 7 after inoculation examination of fluorescence-labeled and Giemsa-stained preparations demonstrated the presence of many intracellular parasites. In three separate sets of experiments all cultures were found to be infected with as many as 650 liver schizonts measuring up to 40 micrometers. After the addition of red blood cells, intraerythrocytic forms of P. falciparum were detected on days 12 and 13 by an immunofluorescence assay, indicating that the hepatic cycle had been completed in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mazier, D -- Beaudoin, R L -- Mellouk, S -- Druilhe, P -- Texier, B -- Trosper, J -- Miltgen, F -- Landau, I -- Paul, C -- Brandicourt, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):440-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Azure Stains ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Liver/*parasitology ; Plasmodium falciparum/cytology/*growth & development ; Time Factors
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: Modulation of the growth of human and murine cell lines in vitro by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha) and recombinant human interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) was investigated. rTNF-alpha had cytostatic or cytolytic effects on only some tumor cell lines. When administered together with rIFN-gamma, rTNF-alpha showed enhanced antiproliferative effects on a subset of the cell lines tested. In contrast to its effects on sensitive tumor cells, rTNF-alpha augmented the growth of normal diploid fibroblasts. Variations in the proliferative response induced by rTNF-alpha were apparently not due to differences in either the number of binding sites per cell or their affinity for rTNF-alpha. These observations indicate that the effects of rTNF-alpha on cell growth are not limited to tumor cells, but rather that this protein may have a broad spectrum of activities in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sugarman, B J -- Aggarwal, B B -- Hass, P E -- Figari, I S -- Palladino, M A Jr -- Shepard, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):943-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3933111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology ; Drug Synergism ; Glycoproteins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/pharmacology ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins/*pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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  • 51
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-16
    Description: Transforming growth factor-type alpha accelerated incisor eruption and eyelid opening in the newborn mouse and also retarded the growth rates of hair and body weight when administered in high dosage (0.7 to 4 micrograms per gram of body weight). The results of whole animal studies indicate that transforming growth factor-type alpha and epidermal growth factor do not differ significantly in these effects and suggest that transforming growth factor-type alpha may be important in immature animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tam, J P -- 36544/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 16;229(4714):673-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3860952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Body Weight ; Eyelids/growth & development ; Hair/growth & development ; Mice ; Peptides/*physiology ; Tooth Eruption ; Transforming Growth Factors
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: The classical transplantation antigens (the major histocompatibility complex class I antigens) play a key role in host defense against cells expressing foreign antigens. Several naturally occurring tumors and virally transformed cells show an overall suppression of these surface antigens. Since the class I molecules are required in the presentation of neoantigens on tumor cells to the cytotoxic T lymphocytes, their absence from the cell surface may lead to the escape of these tumors from immunosurveillance. To test this possibility, a functional class I gene was transfected into human adenovirus 12-transformed mouse cells that do not express detectable levels of class I antigens; the transformants were tested for expression of the transfected gene and for changes in oncogenicity. The expression of a single class I gene, introduced by DNA-mediated gene transfer into highly tumorigenic adenovirus 12-transformed cells, was sufficient to abrogate the oncogenicity of these cells. This finding has important implications for the regulation of the malignant phenotype in certain tumors and for the potential modulation of oncogenicity through derepression of the endogenous class I genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tanaka, K -- Isselbacher, K J -- Khoury, G -- Jay, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):26-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology ; Cell Line ; Immunization ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/*immunology ; Rats
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  • 53
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: In addition to nerve growth factor (NGF), many proteins present in soluble tissue extracts and in the extracellular matrix influence the survival and development of cultured neurons. The structure, synthesis, and mechanism of action of NGF as a neurotrophic factor are considered along with the experiments on the new putative trophic molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thoenen, H -- Edgar, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):238-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Humans ; Ion Channels/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Myocardium/cytology ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: An earlier finding that lymphocytes from African patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) react with rabbit antiserum to purified antigens of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) prompted a study of the possible cross-reactions between a BLV-infected ovine cell line and human lymphocytes inoculated with a strain of lymphadenopathy syndrome-associated virus (LAV). A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was used to detect antigenic markers of the retroviruses. Crude extracts from short-term cultures of lymphocytes infected with LAV bound rabbit antisera to the LAV glycoprotein gp13 (molecular weight 13,000) and the BLV proteins p24 and gp51, but did not bind antibodies to the p24 of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Antiserum to LAV gp13 reacted with an ovine cell line producing BLV but also weakly with virus-free ovine cells. Lymphocyte cultures from four African patients with AIDS expressed BLV-related antigens within 6 to 10 days of culture, at the moment when particle-bound reverse transcriptase was produced. BLV-related antigens were induced in lymphocyte cultures from healthy individuals by addition of filtered supernatant or irradiated cells of the original culture. The antisera to BLV used in this study may prove useful for the detection of AIDS-associated viruses in short-term cultures of lymphocytes from AIDS patients or their contacts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiry, L -- Sprecher-Goldberger, S -- Jacquemin, P -- Cogniaux, J -- Burny, A -- Bruck, C -- Portetelle, D -- Cran, S -- Clumeck, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1482-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2579433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Animals ; Antigens, Viral/analysis/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Epitopes/immunology ; Humans ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine/*immunology ; Lymph Nodes/microbiology ; Lymphocytes/immunology/*microbiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Sheep ; Viral Proteins/immunology
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: Administration of a monoclonal antibody (GK1.5) that recognizes the L3T4 marker present on helper T cells prevented the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. Furthermore, treatment with GK1.5 reversed EAE when the antibody was given to paralyzed animals. In vivo injection of GK1.5 selectively reduced the number of L3T4+ cells in the spleen and the lymph nodes. These results suggest that manipulation of the human equivalent of the murine L3T4+ T-cell subset with monoclonal antibodies may provide effective therapy for certain autoimmune diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waldor, M K -- Sriram, S -- Hardy, R -- Herzenberg, L A -- Lanier, L -- Lim, M -- Steinman, L -- GM-17367/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS-18235/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-571/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):415-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3155574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*therapeutic use ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology/*therapy ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Mice ; Spleen/pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: In a study of the relation between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis, C3H mouse fibroblasts of the 10T 1/2 clone 8 line (10T 1/2 cells) were exposed to human neutrophils stimulated to synthesize reactive oxygen intermediates or to a cell-free enzymatic system generating superoxide (xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine). After exposure, the 10T 1/2 cells were either placed in tissue culture or immediately injected into athymic nude mice. Both malignant and benign tumors developed in the mice injected with treated cells, but not in those injected with control cells; in one instance cells grown from one of the benign tumors subsequently developed a malignant phenotype. Malignant transformation was also observed in treated cells in the experiments in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weitzman, S A -- Weitberg, A B -- Clark, E P -- Stossel, T P -- CA 00962/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Nude ; Neutrophils/metabolism/*physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects ; Phagocytes/*physiology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: The DNA coding for the human immunoglobulin D(IgD) heavy chain (delta, delta) has been sequenced including the membrane and secreted termini. Human delta, like that of the mouse, has a separate exon for the carboxyl terminus of the secreted form. This feature of human and mouse IgD distinguishes it from all other immunoglobulins regardless of species or class. The human gene is different from that of the mouse; it has three, rather than two, constant region domains; and its lengthy hinge is encoded by two exons rather than one. Except for the third constant region, the human and mouse genes are only distantly related.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, M B -- Shen, A L -- Word, C J -- Tucker, P W -- Blattner, F R -- AI18016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA31013-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):733-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3922054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin delta-Chains/*genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: A complementary DNA library was constructed from messenger RNA's extracted from the brains of mice infected with the scrapie agent. The library was differentially screened with the objectives of finding clones that might be used as markers of infection and finding clones of genes whose increased expression might be correlated with the pathological changes common to scrapie and Alzheimer's disease. A gene was identified whose expression is increased in scrapie. The complementary DNA corresponding to this gene hybridized preferentially and focally to cells in the brains of scrapie-infected animals. The cloned DNA also hybridized to the neuritic plaques found with increased frequency in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wietgrefe, S -- Zupancic, M -- Haase, A -- Chesebro, B -- Race, R -- Frey, W 2nd -- Rustan, T -- Friedman, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1177-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3840915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism/pathology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Scrapie/*genetics/pathology ; Sheep
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 1985-11-22
    Description: Several inherited disorders in humans and in rodents result in myelin dysgenesis and a deficiency of the molecular constituents of myelin. A complementary DNA to one of the two major myelin proteins, myelin proteolipid protein (also known as lipophilin), has been used with Southern blot analysis of somatic cell hybrid DNA to map the human proteolipid protein gene to the middle of the long arm of the human X chromosome (bands Xq13-Xq22) and to assign the murine proteolipid protein gene to the mouse X chromosome. Comparison of the gene maps of the human and mouse X chromosomes suggests that myelin proteolipid protein may be involved in X-linked mutations at the mouse jimpy locus and has implications for Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, a human inherited X-linked myelin disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willard, H F -- Riordan, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):940-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3840606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics ; Demyelinating Diseases/*genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/*genetics ; Myelin Proteins/*genetics ; Proteolipids/*genetics ; Uteroglobin ; *X Chromosome
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: DNA from a replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) was reconstructed and transfected into psi-2 cells containing a packaging-defective mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Replication-incompetent retrovirus particles (helper virus-free containing genomes that express the transforming envelope gene of SFFV (gp52) transformed bone marrow cells in vitro and, after direct intravenous introduction of the vector, induced malignant erythroid disease in vivo. Disease induction was dependent on prior treatment of mice with phenylhydrazine, which probably increased the availability of erythroid target cells. Since there was no evidence of virus particle expression in mice with malignant disease, this study demonstrates the acute oncogenic potential of a limited number of erythroid cells expressing SFFV gp52. Direct inoculation of animals with nonreplicating retroviral vectors containing transforming genes may be useful in study the oncogenic effects of such genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolff, L -- Ruscetti, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1549-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990034" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/analysis ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Erythroblasts/*cytology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Phenotype ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Spleen/microbiology ; Transfection ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics ; Virion/metabolism
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The DNA genomes of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) isolated from 18 individuals with AIDS or who were at risk for AIDS were evaluated for evidence of variation. Although all of the 18 viral DNA's hybridized throughout their entire genomes to a full-length cloned probe of the original HTLV-III isolate, each of the 18 isolates showed a different restriction enzyme pattern. The number of restriction site differences between isolates ranged from only 1 site in 23 to at least 16 sites in 31. No particular viral genotype was associated with a particular disease state and 2 of the 18 patients had evidence of concurrent infection by more than one viral genotype. Propagation of three different viral isolates in vitro for up to 9 months did not lead to detectable changes in their restriction patterns. These findings indicate that different isolates of HTLV-III comprise a spectrum of highly related but distinguishable viruses and have important implications regarding the pathogenicity of HTLV-III and attempts to develop effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for this virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Popovic, M -- Markham, P -- Redfield, R -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):759-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Carrier State ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: Hepatocyte-stimulating factor and interleukin-1 are proteins produced by monocytes in response to inflammatory challenge. Neither of these monokines had direct effects on steroid production by cultured adrenocortical cells. Both monokines stimulated pituitary cells (AtT-20) to release adrenocorticotropic hormone; interleukin-1 was equipotent with a combination of corticotropin-releasing factor and arginine vasopressin, and hepatocyte-stimulating factor was at least three times as effective. The synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, inhibited production of hepatocyte-stimulating factor by cultured monocytes. These results indicate an axis between monocytes and pituitary and adrenocortical cells which may play a role in regulating host defense.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woloski, B M -- Smith, E M -- Meyer, W J 3rd -- Fuller, G M -- Blalock, J E -- AI 18932/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- IR01AM338-39-01A1/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- R01-H120201/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/metabolism ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*secretion ; Animals ; Interleukin-1/pharmacology ; Interleukin-6 ; Mice ; Monocytes/*physiology ; Monokines ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/*physiology ; Proteins/*pharmacology ; Secretory Rate/drug effects
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: Transfection of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with a plasmid carrying the ras oncogene of Harvey murine sarcoma virus (v-Ha ras) changed the growth requirements, terminal differentiation, and tumorigenicity of the recipient cells. One of the cell lines isolated after transfection (TBE-1) was studied extensively and shown to contain v-Ha ras DNA. Total cellular RNA from TBE-1 cells hybridized to v-Ha ras structural gene fragment probes five to eight times more than RNA from parental NHBE cells. The TBE-1 cells expressed phosphorylated v-Ha ras polypeptide p21, showed a reduced requirement for growth-factor supplements, and became aneuploid as an early cellular response to v-Ha ras expression. As the transfectants acquire an indefinite life-span and anchorage independence they became transplantable tumor cells and showed many phenotypic changes suggesting a pleiotropic mechanism for the role of Ha ras in human carcinogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoakum, G H -- Lechner, J F -- Gabrielson, E W -- Korba, B E -- Malan-Shibley, L -- Willey, J C -- Valerio, M G -- Shamsuddin, A M -- Trump, B F -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1174-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bronchi/*cytology/microbiology ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Culture Media ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium/microbiology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Rats ; *Transfection
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: The circumsporozoite (CS) protein of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum may be the most promising target for the development of a malaria vaccine. In this study, proteins composed of 16, 32, or 48 tandem copies of a tetrapeptide repeating sequence found in the CS protein were efficiently expressed in the bacterium Escherichia coli. When injected into mice, these recombinant products resulted in the production of high titers of antibodies that reacted with the authentic CS protein on live sporozoites and blocked sporozoite invasion of human hepatoma cells in vitro. These CS protein derivatives are therefore candidates for a human malaria vaccine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, J F -- Hockmeyer, W T -- Gross, M -- Ballou, W R -- Wirtz, R A -- Trosper, J H -- Beaudoin, R L -- Hollingdale, M R -- Miller, L H -- Diggs, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):958-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface/genetics/*immunology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cross Reactions ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Malaria/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics/*immunology/physiology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Vaccines/*immunology
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Sequences upstream from the proto-oncogene fos were shown to be essential for its transcription. Transient expression of the chloramphenicol acetyl-transferase (CAT) gene linked to upstream sequences of the fos gene including its promoter reveals that sequences located 64 to 404 base pairs 5' to the fos cap site contain a typical transcriptional enhancer. Moreover, these enhancer sequences, which are strikingly conserved between mouse and human fos genes, coincide with a deoxyribonuclease I-hypersensitive site in the chromatin. The expression of the fos-CAT fusion genes was stimulated only two to three times by the fos inducer 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate. The fos enhancer does not appear to be tissue-specific.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deschamps, J -- Meijlink, F -- Verma, I M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1174-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3865371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Animals ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA, Recombinant ; Deoxyribonuclease I/metabolism ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Mice ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 66
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, D N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):650, 653.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3857706" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Genetic Engineering/methods ; *Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Retroviridae/*genetics
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 1985-08-30
    Description: The coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59), causes mild encephalitis and chronic demyelination. Immunohistochemical techniques showed that MHV-A59-infected C57BL/6 mice contained dense deposits of viral antigen in the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra, with fewer signs of infection in other regions of the brain. The animals showed extra- and intracellular vacuolation, neuronal loss, and gliosis in the subthalamic-nigral region. Such localization is unprecedented among known viral encephalitides of humans and other species. This infection by a member of a viral class capable of causing both encephalitis and persistent infection in several species may be related to postencephalitic parkinsonism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishman, P S -- Gass, J S -- Swoveland, P T -- Lavi, E -- Highkin, M K -- Weiss, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 30;229(4716):877-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Basal Ganglia/*microbiology ; Brain/microbiology/pathology ; Coronaviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Demyelinating Diseases/microbiology ; Diencephalon/*microbiology ; Encephalitis/*microbiology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/microbiology ; Gliosis/microbiology ; Golgi Apparatus/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Murine hepatitis virus/immunology ; Neurons/microbiology/ultrastructure ; Substantia Nigra/*microbiology ; Vacuoles/ultrastructure
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: The immunoglobulin kappa (kappa) gene promoter was activated by a "neutral" enhancer derived from Harvey murine sarcoma virus (HaMuSV) in immunoglobulin-producing myeloma cells, regardless of the enhancer's orientation or position in the vector. In one fibroblast line (3T3) the immunoglobulin kappa gene promoter was completely inactive when linked to the HaMuSV enhancer, whereas in mouse L cells, promoter activity was observed only with the HaMuSV enhancer in tandem with the immunoglobulin kappa gene promoter. The differential behavior of the gene promoter, when activated by a neutral enhancer in these three murine cell lines, suggests that promoter sequences contribute to the tissue-specific expression of this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gopal, T V -- Shimada, T -- Baur, A W -- Nienhuis, A W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1102-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Fibroblasts/analysis ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Mice ; Multiple Myeloma/metabolism ; *Operon ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian brain, is believed to act by increasing membrane conductance of chloride ions. In this study it was found that GABA agonists increased the uptake of chloride-36 by cell-free membrane preparations from mouse brain. This influx was rapid (less than 5 seconds), and 13 micromolar GABA produced a half-maximal effect. The GABA antagonists (bicuculline and picrotoxin) blocked the effect of GABA, whereas pentobarbital enhanced the action. This may be the first demonstration of functional coupling among GABA and barbiturate receptors and chloride channels in isolated membranes. The technique should facilitate biochemical and pharmacological studies of GABA receptor-effector coupling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harris, R A -- Allan, A M -- AA03527/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- AA06399/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1108-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2581319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Brain/*physiology ; Cell-Free System ; Chlorides/*physiology ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Membranes/physiology ; Mice ; Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects/*physiology ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/physiology
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: Potomac horse fever, a disease characterized by fever, anorexia, leukopenia, and occasional diarrhea, is fatal in approximately 30 percent of affected animals. The seasonal occurrence of the disease (June to October) and evidence of antibodies to the rickettsia Ehrlichia sennetsu in the serum of convalescing horses suggested that a related rickettsia might be the causative agent. Such an agent was isolated in cultured blood monocytes from an experimentally infected pony. This intracytoplasmic organism was adapted to growth in primary cultures of canine blood monocytes. A healthy pony inoculated with these infected monocytes also developed the disease. The organism was reisolated from this animal which, at autopsy, had pathological manifestations typical of Potomac horse fever. Cross serologic reactions between the newly isolated agent and antisera to 15 rickettsiae revealed that it is related to certain members of the genus Ehrlichia, particularly to Ehrlichia sennetsu. Since the disease occurs in other parts of the United States as well as in the vicinity of the Potomac River, and since it has also been reported in Europe, the name equine monocytic ehrlichiosis is proposed as being more descriptive.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holland, C J -- Ristic, M -- Cole, A I -- Johnson, P -- Baker, G -- Goetz, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):522-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Ehrlichia/growth & development/immunology/*isolation & ; purification/ultrastructure ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Horse Diseases/blood/*microbiology/transmission ; Horses ; Monocytes/*microbiology ; Rickettsiaceae/*isolation & purification ; Rickettsiaceae Infections/blood/microbiology/transmission/*veterinary ; Terminology as Topic ; Vacuoles/ultrastructure
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  • 71
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-02
    Description: Visna virus is a pathogenic lentivirus of sheep that is related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), the probable etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The transcriptional activity of visna virus promoter and enhancer sequences was studied by means of an assay based on the transient expression of the bacterial gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT). The results suggest that the high level of expression of visna virus is due in part to cis-acting enhancer sequences that give the viral promoter a high level of transcriptional activity. In addition, the rate of transcription from the visna virus promoter situated in a plasmid expressing the CAT gene was much greater in infected than uninfected cells. This phenomenon of trans-acting transcriptional activation may involve either virally or cellularly encoded factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hess, J L -- Clements, J E -- Narayan, O -- NS-15721/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-16145/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):482-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990051" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Choroid Plexus ; Chromosome Mapping ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Genes, Regulator ; Goats ; Humans ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Sheep ; Synovial Membrane ; T-Lymphocytes ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Visna-maedi virus/*genetics
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: Infection of normal peripheral blood T cells by the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated retrovirus (ARV) was evaluated in long-term cultures of helper-inducer T cells (T4 cells). Cells that were inoculated with ARV and maintained in medium supplemented with interleukin-2 remained productively infected with this virus for more than 4 months in culture, although they showed no cytopathic effects characteristic of acute ARV infection. The presence of replicating virus was demonstrated by reverse transcriptase activity of culture fluids and by viral antigens and budding particles detected on cells by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Virus produced in these cultures remained infectious and could induce cytopathic effects and viral antigens in uninfected lymphoid cells. The finding that normal lymphocytes may be productively infected by an AIDS retrovirus in the absence of cell death suggests that a range of biologic effects may occur after infection in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoxie, J A -- Haggarty, B S -- Rackowski, J L -- Pillsbury, N -- Levy, J A -- CA-34980/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1400-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*microbiology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Retroviridae Infections/immunology/microbiology ; T-Lymphocytes/*microbiology
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  • 73
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-08-02
    Description: Antibody responses to hapten-polypeptide conjugates require peptide-specific helper T cells. The latter can be primed in tissue culture by providing small numbers of dendritic cells. Primed, irradiated helper T cells then induce B-cell growth and differentiation in the apparent absence of dendritic cells. Both stages of the antibody response--the induction of helper T lymphoblasts by dendritic cells and the delivery of help from T to B cell--occur in discrete cell aggregates that can be isolated by velocity sedimentation. If helper T blasts revert to smaller "memory" lymphocytes, dendritic cells again are needed to initiate the antibody response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inaba, K -- Steinman, R M -- AI 13013/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 30198/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):475-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3160115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/*physiology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; Haptens/immunology ; Immunologic Memory ; In Vitro Techniques ; Macrophages/physiology ; Mice ; Proteins/*immunology ; Spleen/*cytology/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*physiology
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: The T-cell receptor is formed by two chains, alpha and beta, for which specific clones were recently obtained. In this report the gene for the beta chain of the human T-cell receptor was located on the long arm of chromosome 7, band q35, by means of in situ hybridization. This chromosome region in T cells is unusually prone to develop breaks in vivo, perhaps reflecting instability generated by somatic rearrangement of T-cell receptor genes during normal differentiation in this cell lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isobe, M -- Erikson, J -- Emanuel, B S -- Nowell, P C -- Croce, C M -- CA15822/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM20700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):580-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Disorders ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: Viable Leishmania promastigotes and amastigotes were detected by epifluorescence microscopy with fluorescein diacetate being used to mark living parasites and the nucleic acid-binding compound ethidium bromide to stain dead cells. This procedure is superior to other assays because it is faster and detects viable intracellular as well as extracellular Leishmania. Furthermore, destruction of intracellular pathogens by macrophages is more accurately determined with fluorescein diacetate than with other stains. The procedure may have applications in programs to develop drugs and vaccines against protozoa responsible for human and animal disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, P R -- Pappas, M G -- Hansen, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):435-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2578226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ethidium ; *Fluoresceins ; Leishmania/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Macrophages/parasitology ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Movement ; Parasitology/*methods ; Staining and Labeling
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  • 76
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jerne, N K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1057-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4035345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies/analysis ; Humans ; *Immune System ; Lymphocytes/physiology ; Mice
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 1985-01-18
    Description: The T-cell receptor for antigen (Ti) was purified from the human tumor cell line HPB-ALL. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of an acid-cleaved peptide of the Ti alpha chain showed that it is highly homologous to a putative murine alpha chain recently described. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the Ti beta chain revealed that it shares 50 percent homology with the Ti beta chain amino acid sequences from two other human T-cell tumors. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone encoding the Ti beta chain from the HPB-MLT cell line showed that this chain represents a second human constant region gene segment and suggested that it arises from direct joining of the variable and joining gene segments without any intervening D region sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, N -- Leiden, J -- Dialynas, D -- Fraser, J -- Clabby, M -- Kishimoto, T -- Strominger, J L -- Andrews, D -- Lane, W -- Woody, J -- 5 R01 AI15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10736/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y001CP00502/CP/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):311-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3871253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/immunology ; Lymphoma/immunology ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: The environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) may produce its effects by altering gene expression in susceptible cells. In mouse hepatoma cells, TCDD induces the transcription of the cytochrome P1-450 gene, whose product, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, contributes both to the detoxification and to the metabolic activation of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A DNA fragment containing sequences flanking the 5' end of the cytochrome P1-450 gene was isolated and analyzed. This DNA fragment contains a cis-acting control element with at least three functional domains: a putative promoter, an inhibitory domain upstream from the promoter that blocks its function, and a TCDD-responsive domain still farther (1265 to 1535 base pairs) upstream of the promoter. These findings, together with results from earlier studies, imply that transcription of the cytochrome P1-450 gene is under both positive and negative control by at least two trans-acting regulatory factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, P B -- Galeazzi, D R -- Fisher, J M -- Whitlock, J P Jr -- CA09302/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA32786/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM07149/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1499-502.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/biosynthesis/genetics ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; Dioxins/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Induction ; Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects ; *Genes, Regulator ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; Mice ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*pharmacology ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Transfection
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  • 79
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: While a number of oncogenes are expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, their role in the control of cell proliferation can only be established by a direct functional assay. The c-myc protein, upon microinjection into nuclei of quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells, cooperated with platelet-poor plasma in the stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis. This suggests that c-myc protein, like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), may act as a competence factor in the cell cycle to promote the progression of cells to S phase. The presence in the medium of an antibody against PDGF abolished DNA synthesis induced by microinjected PDGF; however, the microinjected c-myc protein stimulated DNA synthesis even when its own antibody was present in the medium. The c-myc protein may act as an intracellular competence factor, while PDGF expresses its biological activity only from outside the cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaczmarek, L -- Hyland, J K -- Watt, R -- Rosenberg, M -- Baserga, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Mice ; *Oncogenes ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Endothelial cells, which line the interior walls of blood vessels, proliferate at the site of blood vessel injury. Knowledge of the factors that control the proliferation of these cells would help elucidate the role of endothelial cells in wound healing, tumor growth, and arteriosclerosis. In vitro, endothelial cells organize into viable, three-dimensional tubular structures in environments that limit cell proliferation. The process of endothelial cell organization was found to result in decreased levels of the sis messenger RNA transcript and increased levels of the messenger RNA transcript for fibronectin. This situation was reversed on transition from the organized structure to a proliferative monolayer. These results suggest a reciprocity for two biological response modifiers involved in the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaye, M -- McConathy, E -- Drohan, W -- Tong, B -- Deuel, T -- Maciag, T -- 14147/PHS HHS/ -- 310765/PHS HHS/ -- 4807/PHS HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):882-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Endothelium/*cytology/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibronectins/biosynthesis/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/pharmacology ; Humans ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Induction of cytochrome P1-450 has been linked to susceptibility to certain chemically induced cancers in mouse and man. Treatment of the human cell line MCF-7 with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) results in high levels of aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (P1-450) activity. This cell line was used to isolate a human P1-450 full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) clone. The cDNA is 2566 nucleotides in length, encodes a polyadenylated messenger RNA (2.8 kilobases in length), and has a continuous reading frame producing a protein with 512 residues (molecular weight, 58,151). The human P1-450 cDNA and protein are 63 percent and 80 percent similar to mouse P1-450 cDNA and protein, respectively. Whereas the mouse TCDD-inducible P-450 gene subfamily has two members (P1-450 and P3-450), the human TCDD-inducible gene subfamily appears to have only one gene (P1-450).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaiswal, A K -- Gonzalez, F J -- Nebert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinogens/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; Dioxins/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Induction ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rabbits ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*pharmacology
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  • 82
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-12
    Description: Little is known about the digestive adaptations that enable mammals to sustain metabolic rates an order of magnitude higher than those of reptiles. Comparison of several features of digestion in mammals and lizards of similar size eating the same diet revealed that mammals processed food ten times faster and with the same or greater extraction efficiency. Transport kinetics and rates of nutrient absorption normalized to the quantity of intestinal tissue were similar in these two classes of vertebrates. The main basis for faster absorption in mammals is their much greater intestinal surface area.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karasov, W H -- Diamond, J M -- AM17328/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM14772/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):202-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Body Temperature ; Diet ; *Digestion ; Eating ; Glucose/metabolism ; Intestines/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Lizards/physiology ; Mice ; Proline/metabolism ; Rats
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: The natural history of estrogen-responsive breast cancers often involves a phenotypic change to an estrogen-unresponsive, more aggressive tumor. The human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, which requires estradiol for tumor formation in vivo and shows growth stimulation in response to estradiol in vitro, is a model for hormone-responsive tumors. The v-rasH onc gene was transfected into MCF-7 cells. The cloned MCF-7ras transfectants, which expressed the v-rasH messenger RNA and v-rasH p21 protein (21,000 daltons), were characterized. In contrast to the parental cell line, MCF-7ras cells no longer responded to exogenous estrogen in culture and their growth was minimally inhibited by exogenous antiestrogens. When tested in the nude mouse, the MCF-7ras cells were fully tumorigenic in the absence of estrogen supplementation. Thus, cells acquiring an activated onc gene can bypass the hormonal regulatory signals that trigger the neoplastic growth of a human breast cancer cell line.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kasid, A -- Lippman, M E -- Papageorge, A G -- Lowy, D R -- Gelmann, E P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):725-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4039465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*chemically induced ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Estrogens/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced/genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Pyrrolidines/pharmacology ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Thiophenes/pharmacology ; *Transfection
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: Mutagenesis was studied in cultured F9 embryonal carcinoma cells infected with a variant of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Proviral insertion induced the inactivation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus, and the virus was used to isolate the mutated genes rapidly. Mutagenesis by these methods may be useful for the genetic dissection of the various mammalian cell phenotypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, W -- Patel, M D -- Lobel, L I -- Goff, S P -- Nguyen-Huu, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):554-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA/genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/physiology ; *Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats ; Retroviridae/*physiology ; Teratoma/*genetics/microbiology
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  • 85
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Primary cultures of astrocytes from neonatal rat brain were incubated with tritiated serotonin. After fixation they were stained by immunofluorescence for the astrocyte-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein and processed for autoradiography. Silver grain density was increased over cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and was reduced to background levels when sodium was omitted from the medium or the specific inhibitors of serotonin uptake fluoxetine and chlorimipramine were present. The results indicate that mammalian astrocytes can take up serotonin by a sodium-dependent, high-affinity system previously thought to be the exclusive property of serotonergic nerve endings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kimelberg, H K -- Katz, D M -- NS 19492/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):889-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890180" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/analysis/drug effects/*metabolism ; Autoradiography ; Biological Transport ; Cells, Cultured ; Clomipramine/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/analysis ; Rats ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Sodium/pharmacology
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Microfluorometric recordings were made of changes in the concentration of cytosolic-free calcium in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells treated with quin 2, an intracellularly trapped dye, under several conditions. Nitroglycerin decreased calcium in both the presence and absence of extracellular calcium and strongly and progressively decreased the extent of transient increases in calcium induced by repeated applications of caffeine in the absence of extracellular calcium. Therefore nitroglycerin probably decreases cytosolic-free calcium by accelerating the extrusion of calcium through the sarcolemmal membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobayashi, S -- Kanaide, H -- Nakamura, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):553-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3927484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminoquinolines ; Animals ; Aorta ; Caffeine/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism ; Nitroglycerin/pharmacology ; Photomicrography ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: Apolipoprotein (apo-) B is the ligand responsible for the receptor-mediated catabolism of low density lipoproteins, the principal cholesterol-transporting lipoproteins in plasma. The primary structure of the carboxyl-terminal 30 percent (1455 amino acids) of human apo-B (apo-B100) has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of complementary DNA. Portions of the protein structure that may relate to its receptor binding function and lipid binding properties have been identified. The apo-B100 messenger RNA is about 19 kilobases in length. The apo-B100 gene is expressed primarily in liver and, to a lesser extent, in small intestine, but in no other tissues. The gene for apo-B100 is located in the p24 region (near the tip of the short arm) of chromosome 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knott, T J -- Rall, S C Jr -- Innerarity, T L -- Jacobson, S F -- Urdea, M S -- Levy-Wilson, B -- Powell, L M -- Pease, R J -- Eddy, R -- Nakai, H -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HO 05196/HO/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):37-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994225" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Apolipoprotein B-100 ; Apolipoproteins B/analysis/*genetics ; Apolipoproteins E/analysis ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3 ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Receptors, LDL/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 1985-04-26
    Description: Intravenous administration of liposomes containing muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine, a lipophilic derivative of muramyl dipeptide that activates macrophages to a cytolytic state in situ, significantly protected mice against lethal challenge with herpes simplex virus type 2. These findings suggest that the systemic activation of macrophages by liposomes containing an immunomodulator can lead to prophylaxis of severe infections caused by herpesviruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koff, W C -- Showalter, S D -- Hampar, B -- Fidler, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):495-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2984772" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/administration & dosage/*analogs & ; derivatives/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Herpes Simplex/immunology/*prevention & control ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Injections, Intravenous ; Liposomes/administration & dosage ; Macrophage Activation/*drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phosphatidylethanolamines/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Simplexvirus/immunology
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 1985-02-22
    Description: Two independent methods were used to identify the mouse chromosomes on which are located two families of immunoglobulin (Ig)-like genes that are rearranged and expressed in T lymphocytes. The genes coding for the alpha subunit of T-cell receptors are on chromosome 14 and the gamma genes, whose function is yet to be determined, are on chromosome 13. Since genes for the T-cell receptor beta chain were previously shown to be on mouse chromosome 6, all three of the Ig-like multigene families expressed and rearranged in T cells are located on different chromosomes, just as are the B-cell multigene families for the Ig heavy chain, and the Ig kappa and lambda light chains. The findings do not support earlier contentions that genes for T-cell receptors are linked to the Ig heavy chain locus (mouse chromosome 12) or to the major histocompatibility complex (mouse chromosome 17).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kranz, D M -- Saito, H -- Disteche, C M -- Swisshelm, K -- Pravtcheva, D -- Ruddle, F H -- Eisen, H N -- Tonegawa, S -- CA-24051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-28900-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 30476-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):941-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3918347" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/*genetics ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Infection of human T cells by human T-lymphotropic virus, type I (HTLV-I), a retrovirus, is uniformly associated with the constitutive expression of large numbers of cellular receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2). Comparison with normal T cells shows that neither IL-2 receptor gene organization nor IL-2 receptor messenger RNA processing are altered in the leukemic cells. However, mitogenic stimuli activate IL-2 receptor gene expression in normal T cells, whereas these stimuli paradoxically inhibit IL-2 receptor gene transcription in HTLV-I-infected leukemic T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kronke, M -- Leonard, W J -- Depper, J M -- Greene, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus ; Humans ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 1985-07-12
    Description: The T-cell receptor beta-chain gene complex contains a duplication of D beta, J beta, and C beta gene segments in mice and man. When DNA from many inbred strains of mice was screened an unusual allele of the beta locus was identified in New Zealand White (NZW) mice. This allele is distinguished by the deletion of an 8.8-kilobase segment of DNA containing C beta 1, D beta 2 and the J beta 2 cluster. Despite the fact that all NZW T-cell receptors must be derived from a single set of beta-chain gene segments, this strain has functional T cells and is phenotypically normal. This deletion of T-cell receptor beta-chain segments occurs in a strain known to contribute to lupus-like autoimmune disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kotzin, B L -- Barr, V L -- Palmer, E -- AI 18785/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HD 197575/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):167-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; *Genes ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
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  • 92
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: Cholesterol accumulates within smooth muscle cells and macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby contributing to the progressive enlargement of these lesions. The mechanism of this cellular accumulation of cholesterol is not known. The possibility that platelets may have a role in the cellular cholesterol accumulation that occurs during atherogenesis was investigated. Incubation of thrombin-activated washed rat platelets (or platelet-free supernatants prepared from thrombin-activated platelets) with cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells induced cholesteryl ester lipid droplet accumulation within the smooth muscle cells. No cholesteryl ester lipid droplets accumulated when smooth muscle cells were incubated with unactivated platelets. Smooth muscle cell lipid droplet accumulation occurred in the absence of serum lipoproteins and was not inhibited by mevinolin, a drug that blocks cholesterol synthesis. These findings suggest that activated platelets may release cholesterol, which can be accumulated by cells and stored as lipid droplets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kruth, H S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1243-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/physiopathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*physiopathology ; Blood Platelets/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/*physiology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*cytology/physiopathology ; Platelet Aggregation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Thrombin/physiology
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Repeated administration of morphine in increasing doses delayed normal cell death in the ciliary ganglion of the chick embryo; the effect was completely blocked by naloxone. Survival of spinal motoneurons was not affected. Morphine also inhibited potassium-stimulated synthesis of acetylcholine in ganglion cells cultured with muscle, suggesting that morphine can influence neurotransmission. Morphine's effect on cell death may be due to an inhibition of transmission at the neuromuscular junction, but opiates may also directly affect cell death. Although it is now known whether the endogenous opiates in the ciliary ganglion influence neuronal survival during embryogenesis, exogenous opiates can affect normal cell death in the autonomic nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meriney, S D -- Gray, D B -- Pilar, G -- NS 10338/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 19640/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Birds ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ganglia, Parasympathetic/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Spinal Nerves/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: The 55 codons upstream of the gene sequence encoding the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are called the pre-S(2) region. It has been proposed that polypeptides of high molecular weight that contain the pre-S(2) region should be included in future hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines. The pre-S(2) region and the S gene product [25 kilodalton (kD)] together compose a polypeptide of high molecular weight (33 kD). As an initial attempt to determine the relevance of the 33-kD polypeptide to development of an HBV vaccine, the murine immune response to pre-S(2)-encoded determinants as compared to S-encoded determinants on the same polypeptide was examined. The results indicate (i) the pre-S(2) region is significantly more immunogenic than the S region of HBsAg, (ii) the 26 amino acid residues at the NH2-terminus of the 33-kD polypeptide represent a dominant antibody binding site on the pre-S(2) region, (iii) the immune response to the pre-S(2) region is regulated by H-2-linked genes distinct from those that regulate the response to the S region, and (iv) immunization of an S region nonresponder strain with HBV envelope particles that contain both the pre-S(2) and S regions can circumvent nonresponsiveness to the S region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milich, D R -- Thornton, G B -- Neurath, A R -- Kent, S B -- Michel, M L -- Tiollais, P -- Chisari, F V -- AI 00585/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 20001/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 20720/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1195-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antibody Specificity ; Epitopes ; Genes, MHC Class II ; Genes, Viral ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/genetics/*immunology ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Precursors/genetics/immunology ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/*immunology ; Viral Proteins/genetics/immunology
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: The T-cell antigen receptor is a cell-surface molecule that participates in the immune response. In the present experiments the genes encoding the beta chain of the T-cell receptor were found to reside on the long arm of human chromosome 7 at or near band q32. Related sequences were found on the short arm of chromosome 7 in bands p15-21 in some experiments. Chromosomal rearrangements in T-cells from normal individuals and patients with ataxia telangiectasia have previously been observed at and near these map assignments for the beta-chain genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morton, C C -- Duby, A D -- Eddy, R L -- Shows, T B -- Seidman, J G -- CA-07511/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):582-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Disorders ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: The thyroid glands of patients with autoimmune diseases such as Graves' disease and certain forms of goiter contain infiltrating activated T lymphocytes and, unlike cells of normal glands, the epithelial follicular cells strongly express histocompatibility antigens of the HLA-DR type. In a study of such autoimmune disorders, the infiltrating T cells from the thyroid glands of two patients with Graves' disease were cloned in mitogen-free interleukin-2 (T-cell growth factor). The clones were expanded and their specificity was tested. Three types of clones were found. One group, of T4 phenotype, specifically recognized autologous thyroid cells. Another, also of T4 phenotype, recognized autologous thyroid or blood cells and thus responded positively in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction. Other clones derived from cells that were activated in vivo were of no known specificity. These clones provide a model of a human autoimmune disease and their analysis should clarify mechanisms of pathogenesis and provide clues to abrogating these undesirable immune responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Londei, M -- Bottazzo, G F -- Feldmann, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):85-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3871967" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Clone Cells ; Graves Disease/immunology ; HLA-DR Antigens ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Thyroid Diseases/*immunology ; Thyroid Gland/cytology/*immunology
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: When vole cells that had been transformed by Rous sarcoma virus were treated with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA), specific phosphorylation of pp60v-src was increased. Partial V8 protease mapping indicated that the increased phosphorylation occurred exclusively on serine residues located in the amino terminus of the molecule. Treatment of cells with dimethyl sulfoxide or 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate did not elicit this response. Two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide mapping of pp60v-src immunoprecipitated from untreated and TPA-treated cells indicated that a specific tryptic amino-terminal peptide was hyperphosphorylated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purchio, A F -- Shoyab, M -- Gentry, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) ; Phorbol Esters/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Sarcoma, Avian/*genetics ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/*metabolism
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: Recent investigations have begun to dissect the number and nature of genetic alterations associated with cancer cells. In the present study, primary human epidermal keratinocytes acquired indefinite life-span in culture but did not undergo malignant conversion in response to infection with a hybrid of adenovirus 12 and simian virus 40. Addition of Kirsten murine sarcoma virus, which contains a K-ras oncogene, to these cells induced morphological alterations associated with the acquisition of neoplastic properties. These findings demonstrate the malignant transformation of human primary epithelial cells in culture and support a multiple-step process for neoplastic conversion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rhim, J S -- Jay, G -- Arnstein, P -- Price, F M -- Sanford, K K -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1250-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2579430" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Keratins ; Kirsten murine sarcoma virus/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Nude ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/*metabolism ; Sarcoma, Experimental/metabolism ; Simian virus 40/*metabolism ; Skin/*cytology
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was tested for its ability to induce colony formation in human bone marrow that had been enriched for progenitor cells. In addition to its expected granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating activity, the recombinant GM-CSF had burst-promoting activity for erythroid burst-forming units and also stimulated colonies derived from multipotent (mixed) progenitors. In contrast, recombinant erythroid-potentiating activity did not stimulate erythroid progenitors. The experiments prove that human GM-CSF has multilineage colony-stimulating activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sieff, C A -- Emerson, S G -- Donahue, R E -- Nathan, D G -- Wang, E A -- Wong, G G -- Clark, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1171-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3877981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/*drug effects ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/biosynthesis/*pharmacology ; DNA/genetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Erythroblasts/drug effects ; Granulocytes/*drug effects ; Humans ; Macrophages/*drug effects ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins/*pharmacology ; Stem Cells/drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
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  • 100
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-22
    Description: Purification of two antigens (48-kilodalton polypeptide and a group with major subunits of 50 and 55 kilodaltons) from the infective larvae of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis was recently reported. Immunization of mice with either of these antigens induces strong resistance to a subsequent challenge infection. In the study reported here the mechanism of this resistance was investigated by monitoring the parasite's life cycle in mice immunized with the antigens. Immunized mice were able to expel intestinal adult worms and to inhibit the fecundity of adult female worms at an accelerated rate compared to control mice. Accelerated expulsion and inhibition of fecundity may account entirely for the level of resistance induced by immunization. Although the effects of the immune response apparently are exerted on adult worms, the target antigens are expressed only by developing larvae. This suggests that immune effector mechanisms act on intestinal larvae in such a way that they develop into defective adults.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silberstein, D S -- Despommier, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):948-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Female ; Immunization ; Larva ; Male ; Mice ; Trichinella/growth & development/*immunology ; Trichinellosis/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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