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  • Pregnancy  (38)
  • Time Factors  (38)
  • Cell Line  (20)
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (108)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (108)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1930-1934
  • 1980  (108)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (108)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer  (3)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (108)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1930-1934
Year
  • 1
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    Fetal exposure to narcotics: neonatal sleep as a measure of nervous system disturbance (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Newborn infants, chronically exposed in utero to low doses of methadone with or without concomitant heroin, display more rapid eye movement sleep and less quiet sleep than control infants, while babies fetally exposed to both opiates and nonopiates have less organization of sleep states. Other perinatal factors, such as birth weight and gestational age, are related more to the amount of fetal drug exposure than to the type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dinges, D F -- Davis, M M -- Glass, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):619-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190326" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Birth Weight ; Female ; Heroin/*adverse effects ; Heroin Dependence/drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/*chemically induced ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Methadone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Sleep/*drug effects ; Substance-Related Disorders
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    L-Ornithine decarboxylase:an essential role in early mammalian embryogenesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: The highly selective, enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of L-ornithine decarboxylase, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, suppresses the increase in uterine L-ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with early embryogenesis in the mouse and arrests embryonic development at that stage. Contragestational effects were confirmed in the rat and rabbit. An increase in L-ornithine decarboxylase activity that leads to a rapid increase in putrescine concentration appears to be essential during a critical period after implantation for continued mammalian embryonal growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fozard, J R -- Part, M L -- Prakash, N J -- Grove, J -- Schechter, P J -- Sjoerdsma, A -- Koch-Weser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):505-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6768132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*physiology ; Eflornithine ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Mice ; Ornithine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/*physiology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Uterus/drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Bioactive conformation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: evidence from a conformationally constrained analog (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: An analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing a gamma-lactam as a conformational constraint has been prepared with the use of a novel cyclization of a methionine sulfonium salt. The analog is more active as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist that the parent hormone, and provides evidence for a bioactive conformation containing a beta-turn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freidinger, R M -- Veber, D F -- Perlow, D S -- Brooks, J R -- Saperstein, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):656-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Lactams ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Collagen: molecular diversity in the body's protein scaffold (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Intensive research in the last decade has revealed a wealth of detail on the mechanism of biosynthesis, molecular structure, and covalent cross-linking of collagen. Tissues of higher animals express a family of at least five genetically distinct types of collagen molecule, each apparently tailored for different construction work outside the cell. Within each genetic type of collagen, further chemical heterogeneity is also evident; the variations in hydroxylation, glycosylation, and cross-linking are dependent, for example, on tissue type, age, and hormonal status. The functional significance of collagen's molecular diversity and its control by different cells and tissues are not yet well understood but abnormalities of collagen in many human diseases keep this protein a focal molecule of medical research.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eyre, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1315-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Calcification, Physiologic ; Cartilage/ultrastructure ; *Collagen/genetics/metabolism ; Epithelium/ultrastructure ; Extracellular Space/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Conformation ; Vertebrates
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Interaction of laminae of the cingulate cortex with the anteroventral thalamus during behavioral learning (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: Neurons in deep laminae of the rabbit cingulate cortex develop discriminative activity at an early stage of behavioral discrimination learning, whereas neurons in the anteroventral nucleus of thalamus and neurons in the superficial cortical laminae develop such activity in a late stage of behavioral learning. It is hypothesized that early-forming discriminative neuronal activity, relayed to anteroventral neurons via the corticothalamic pathway, contributes to the construction of changes underlying the late-forming neuronal discrimination in the anteroventral nucleus. The resultant late discriminative activity in the anteroventral nucleus is then relayed via the thalamocortical pathway back to the superficial cortical laminae, promoting disengagement of cortex from further task-processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gabriel, M -- Foster, K -- Orona, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1050-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; Gyrus Cinguli/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Rabbits ; Thalamus/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: dissociation of knowing how and knowing that (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Amnesic patients acquired a mirror-reading skill at a rate equivalent to that of matched control subjects and retained it for at least 3 months. The results indicate that the class of preserved learning skills in amnesia is broader than previously reported. Amnesia seems to spare information that is based on rules or procedures, as contrasted with information that is data-based or declarative--"knowing how rather than "knowing that." The results support the hypothesis that such a distinction is honored by the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, N J -- Squire, L R -- 1P50 MH 30914/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH24600/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):207-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder/physiopathology ; Amnesia/*physiopathology ; Electroconvulsive Therapy ; *Form Perception ; Humans ; Learning/*physiology ; *Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Reading ; Retention (Psychology)/physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of anglerfish and mammalian insulin mRNA's from cloned cDNA's (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-19
    Description: Anglerfish (Lophius americanus) insulin complementary DNA was cloned in bacterial plasmids, and its sequence was determined. Fish insulin messenger RNA is larger (1.5 times) than the messenger RNA encoding mammalian (rat and human) insulin, in part because of a larger C peptide (an additional six amino acids or 18 nucleotides in length) but mainly because of increases in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions. Comparison of the fish, rat, and human insulin messenger RNA (from the complementary DNA) reveals that, in addition to the regions coding for the A and B peptides, sequence conservation is limited to a segment within the 5' untranslated region which may be involved in ribosomal binding, two small segments of the signal peptide, and two stretches of sequence in the 3' untranslated region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hobart, P M -- Shen, L P -- Crawford, R -- Pictet, R L -- Rutter, W J -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 19;210(4476):1360-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; Fishes/*genetics ; Insulin/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Proinsulin/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Identical twins reared apart (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1323-5, 1327-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Environment ; Female ; Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins/*psychology ; Twins, Monozygotic/*psychology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 9
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    Olfactory sensitivity in humans: genetic versus environmental control (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Olfactory sensitivity to acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and 2-sec-butyl-cyclohexanone was tested in 97 adult male twin pairs to determine the extent to which variation in odor perception was genetically determined. Analysis of the data revealed no evidence for heritability of olfactory sensitivity. However, factors significantly associated with odor perception included cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking; body fatness; alcohol consumption; and diabetes mellitus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubert, H B -- Fabsitz, R R -- Feinleib, M -- Brown, K S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Butyrates ; Cyclohexanones ; *Environment ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sensory Thresholds ; Skinfold Thickness ; Smell/*physiology ; Smoking ; *Twins ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Dorsal root ganglion neurons are destroyed by exposure in utero to maternal antibody to nerve growth factor (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: Rats and guinea pigs, when immunized with mouse nerve growth factor, produce antibodies that cross-react with their own nerve growth factor. The antibodies reach developing offspring of these animals both prenatally (rats and guinea pigs) and postnatally (rats). Depriving the fetus of nerve growth factor in this way results in the destruction of up to 85 percent of dorsal root ganglion neurons as well as destruction of sympathetic neurons. Sensory neurons of placodal origin in the nodose ganglion were not affected. These data demonstrate that dorsal root ganglion neurons go through a phase of nerve growth factor dependence in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, E M Jr -- Gorin, P D -- Brandeis, L D -- Pearson, J -- HD12260/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL20604/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):916-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; Female ; Ganglia, Spinal/cytology/*embryology/growth & development ; Guinea Pigs ; Lactation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Milk/immunology ; Nerve Growth Factors/*immunology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Maternal glucocorticoid hormones influence neurotransmitter phenotypic expression in embryos (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: Treatment of pregnant rats with reserpine prevented the normal disappearance of catecholamine fluorescence in presumptive neuroblasts of the embryonic gut. These cells normally express the noradrenergic phenotype transiently during embryonic development. The effect of reserpine was reproduced by treating mothers with hydrocortisone acetate. Moreover, the reserpine effect was blocked by treatment with dexamethasone, which inhibits the stress-induced increase in plasma glucocorticoids, and by mitotone, which causes adrenocortical cytolysis. It is concluded that reserpine, through the mediation of maternal glucocorticoid hormones, alters the phenotypic expression of these embryonic neuroblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jonakait, G M -- Bohn, M C -- Black, I B -- HD 12108/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 06400/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 10259/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/*pharmacology ; Intestines/*embryology/innervation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Reserpine/*pharmacology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    High-molecular-weight immunoreactive beta-endorphin in extracts of human placenta is a fragment of immunoglobulin G (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: A high-molecular-weight protein with beta-endorphin- and adrenocorticotropin-immunoreactivities was isolated from extracts of human placenta after several purification steps, including immunoadsorption with a well-characterized antiserum raised to beta-endorphin. This protein was identified as the heavy chain of the human immunoglobulin class IgG1. These results have led to the recognition of homologies in the amino acid sequences of these physiologically unrelated molecules. They also suggest caution in accepting immunological competence as the sole criterion of the chemical identity of a ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Julliard, J H -- Shibasaki, T -- Ling, N -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6244620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Endorphins/*analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/*analysis ; Placental Extracts/*analysis ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; beta-Endorphin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    How safe is Bendectin? (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):518-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Dicyclomine ; Doxylamine/*adverse effects ; Drug Combinations/adverse effects ; Drug Evaluation ; Female ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Pregnancy ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Pyridoxine/*adverse effects ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 14
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    Prenatal diagnosis fo neural tube defects (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6157193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Therapeutic/standards ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Government Regulation ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Neural Tube Defects/*diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnant Women ; *Prenatal Diagnosis ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Social Justice ; Spina Bifida Occulta/diagnosis ; United States ; Voluntary Programs ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 15
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    Computers, health care, and medical information science (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-17
    Description: The clinical laboratory is examined as a microcosm of the entire health care delivery system. The introduction of computers into the clinical laboratory raises issues that are difficult to resolve by the methods of information science or medical science applied in isolation. The melding of these two disciplines, together with the contributions of other disciplines, has created a new field of study called medical information science. The emergence of this new discipline and some specific problem-solving approaches used in its application in the clinical laboratory are examined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lincoln, T L -- Korpman, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 17;210(4467):257-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6999622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Laboratory Techniques/*instrumentation ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; *Delivery of Health Care/economics ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/*methods ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Local effect of the blastocyst on estrogen and progesterone receptors in the rat endometrium (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Nuclear receptors for both estradiol and progesterone were present in twofold higher concentrations in implantation sites than in nonimplantation regions of the endometrium of 6-day pregnant rats. Decidualization in the absence of an embryo was not accompanied by a similar increase in the concentration of nuclear receptors. Moreover, this difference in receptor distribution between the implantation and nonimplantation areas persisted when a major part of the maternal supply of sex steroids was suppressed by ovariectomy on day 5 of pregnancy. These results support the hypothesis that steroids originating from the embryo affect the endometrial implantation site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Logeat, F -- Sartor, P -- Hai, M T -- Milgrom, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1083-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*metabolism ; Castration ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Decidua/metabolism ; Endometrium/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Pregnancy ; Pseudopregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/*metabolism
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  • 17
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    Specific reading disability: differences in contrast sensitivity as a function of spatial frequency (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Description: Contrast thresholds for sine-wave gratings of spatial frequencies of 2, 4, 12, and 16 cycles per degree were determined for normal and disabled readers at a range of stimulus durations. Normal readers demonstrated monotonically decreasing sensitivity with increasing spatial frequency at exposure durations between 40 and 100 milliseconds. At exposure durations of 150 to 1000 milliseconds, they showed peak sensitivity at 4 cycles per degree. In comparison, disabled readers showed monotonically decreasing sensitivity with increasing spatial frequency at all stimulus durations. The difference in sensitivity pattern across spatial frequencies was greatest at stimulus durations approximately equal to fixation durations during reading.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lovegrove, W J -- Bowling, A -- Badcock, D -- Blackwood, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct;210(4468):439-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afterimage/physiology ; Dyslexia/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Space Perception/physiology ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Elevated cerebrospinal fuid norepinephrine in schizophrenics: confounding effects of treatment drugs (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lipsky, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):97.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6106286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Norepinephrine/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Research Design ; Schizophrenia/*cerebrospinal fluid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
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  • 19
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    Binding and factor XIIIa-mediated cross-linking of a 27-kilodalton fragment of fibronectin to Staphylococcus aureus (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: A 27-kilodalton tryptic fragment, derived from the amino terminus of the 200-kilodalton fibronectin subunit, inhibited binding of intact fibronectin to Staphylococcus aureus and could be cross-linked to Staphylococcus aureus by blood coagulation Factor XIIIa. Interactions of fibronectin with Staphylococcus aureus via this fragment may be important for bacterial opsonization and attachment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mosher, D F -- Proctor, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):927-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Factor XIII/*metabolism ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Opsonin Proteins ; Peptide Fragments ; Protein Binding ; Staphylococcus aureus/immunology/*metabolism ; Trypsin/metabolism
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  • 20
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    T-1 cells are HeLa and not of normal human kidney origin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelson-Rees, W A -- Flandermeyer, R R -- Daniels, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):719-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Chromosome Banding ; HLA Antigens/analysis ; HeLa Cells/*cytology/immunology ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Kidney/*cytology/immunology ; Metaphase
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  • 21
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    Vitamin D deficiency inhibits pancreatic secretion of insulin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: The effects of a vitamin D deficiency on insulin and glucagon release was determined in the isolated perfused rat pancreas by radioimmunoassay of the secreted proteins. During a 30-minute period of perfusion with glucose and arginine, pancreases from vitamin D-deficient rats exhibited a 48 percent reduction in insulin secretion compared to that for pancreases from vitamin D-deficient rats that had been replenished with vitamin D. Vitamin D status had no effect on pancreatic glucagon secretion. This result, along with the previously demonstrated presence in the pancreas of a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein and cytosol receptor for the hormonal form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, indicates an important role for vitamin D in the endocrine functioning of the pancreas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, A W -- Frankel, J B -- Heldt, A M -- Grodsky, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):823-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine/pharmacology ; Cholecalciferol/*deficiency ; Glucagon/secretion ; Glucose/pharmacology ; Insulin/*secretion ; Islets of Langerhans/*secretion ; Rats ; Time Factors ; Vitamin D Deficiency/*metabolism
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  • 22
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    Feeding: satiety signal from intestine triggers brain's noradrenergic mechanism (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-29
    Description: Noradrenergic neurons in the hypothalamus involved in feeding and satiety are activated by gastrointestinal receptors. In the unrestrained rat, sites were first identified at which norepinephrine injected in the medial hypothalamus caused spontaneous feeding, or in the lateral hypothalamus caused no response. The activity of in vivo norepinephrine at these two sites was characterized by localized push-pull perfusion. When a nutrient was infused directly into the rat's duodenum, the synaptic release of hypothalamic norepinephrine was enhanced at lateral sites insensitive to norepinephrine, but suppressed at medial sites reactive to norepinephrine. Thus, signals from duodenal receptors are conceivably sent to the rat's brain to end feeding by way of noradrenergic inhibitory neurons in the hypothalamus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, R D -- McCaleb, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 29;209(4460):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Duodenum/innervation/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Glucose ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Rats ; Satiation/*physiology ; Satiety Response/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 23
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    alpha-Lactalbumin-casein induction in virgin mouse mammary explants: dose-dependent differential action of cortisol (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: The interplay of insulin, cortisol, and prolactin induces synthesis of casein and alpha-lactalbumin in cultured mammary explants from mature virgin mice. A striking difference has been found between the optimal concentrations of cortisol required for maximal induction of the two milk proteins in vitro: 3 x 10(-8) molar for alpha-lactalbumin and 3 x 10(-6) molar for casein. Moreover, 10(-7) to 10(-5) molar cortisol caused progressive inhibition of alpha-lactalbumin accumulation. Such differential actions of cortisol may partly account for the asynchronous synthesis of the two proteins during pregnancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ono, M -- Oka, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1367-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caseins/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/*pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Lactalbumin/*biosynthesis ; Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects/*metabolism ; Mice ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/pharmacology
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  • 24
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    Genes for growth hormone, chorionic somatommammotropin, and growth hormones-like gene on chromosome 17 in humans (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The human genes for growth hormone (GH), chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH), and a third growth hormone-like gene (GHL) have been located on chromosome 17 in humans. DNA fragments of 2.6, 2.8, and 9.5 kilobase pairs containing GH, CSH, and GHL, respectively, were identified in human genomic DNA, and a 7.5-kilobase DNA fragment related to growth hormone DNA sequences was found in mouse cells. In somatic hybrids of human and mouse cells containing reduced numbers of human chromosomes, but a normal complement of mouse chromosomes, the mouse, 7.5-kolobase DNA fragment was always present, whereas the 2.6-, 2.8-, and 9.5-kilobase human fragments were present only when human chromosome 17 was also present.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owerbach, D -- Rutter, W J -- Martial, J A -- Baxter, J D -- Shows, T B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):289-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; *DNA/metabolism ; *Genes ; Growth Hormone/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Placental Lactogen/*biosynthesis ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 25
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    Flavor-illness aversions: the peculiar roles of odor and taste in memory for poison (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-16
    Description: When either taste or odor alone was followed by poison, rats acquired a strong aversion for the taste but not for odor, especially if poison was delayed. When odor-taste combinations were poisoned, however, odor aversions were potentiated, as if odor could gain the enduring memorial property of taste by associative contiguity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palmerino, C C -- Rusiniak, K W -- Garcia, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 16;208(4445):753-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Lithium/poisoning ; Male ; Rats ; Smell/*physiology ; Taste/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 26
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    Inverse relation between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate in human fetal plasma (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: A striking inverse correlation was found in umbilical cord plasma between the concentrations of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol but not high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol or very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate is a major secretory product of the human fetal adrenal and the principal precursor of placental estrogen production. The data suggest that the concentrations for LDL-cholesterol in fetal plasma are influenced by the rate of utilization of LDL-cholesterol by the fetal adrenal for steroidogenesis and are not necessarily related to a genetic predisposition for hypercholesterolemia or other lipoprotein disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parker, C R Jr -- Simpson, E R -- Bilheimer, D W -- Leveno, K -- Carr, B R -- MacDonald, P C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6445079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/secretion ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Dehydroepiandrosterone/*analogs & derivatives/blood/metabolism ; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*analysis ; Humans ; Hypertension/metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL/*blood/metabolism ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/metabolism
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  • 27
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    Binocularity in the cat visual cortex is reduced by sectioning the corpus callosum (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: In the normal cat, most cells in area 17 can be binocularly driven. Sectioning the corpus callosum results in a significant reduction in binocularly driven cells. Normal binocular vision is thus dependent on the corpus callosum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Payne, B R -- Elberger, A J -- Berman, N -- Murphy, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1097-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Corpus Callosum/*physiology/surgery ; Functional Laterality ; Time Factors ; Visual Fields ; Visual Pathways/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 28
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    Long-term antidepressant treatment decreases spiroperidol-labeled serotonin receptor binding (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Antidepressants compete at several neurotransmitter receptor binding site, but drug affinities do not correlate with clinical efficacy. Long-term, but not short-term, antidepressant treatment decreases the numbers of both serotonin and beta-adrenergic receptors. The decrease in the number of receptor sites is most marked for [3H]spiroperidol-labeled serotonin receptors and is characteristic for antidepressants of several classes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peroutka, S J -- Snyder, S H -- 5T32GM0309/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- DA00266/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH18501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):88-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Frontal Lobe/drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism ; Receptors, Histamine H1/metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism ; Receptors, Serotonin/*drug effects/metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 29
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    Estrogen and the growth of breast cancer: new evidence suggests indirect action (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: The growth of the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line is unresponsive to the presence of estrogen in culture media. Paradoxically, in nude mice, growth of these cells and formation of solid tumors are dependent on estrogen. Tumors fail to develop in ovariectomized mice, but do develop in intact mice and in ovariectomized mice given estrogen. Primary cultures derived from MCF-7 tumors revert to unresponsiveness to estrogen. However, when these cultures are again transplanted into nude mice, estrogen is required for tumor formation. The continuous culture, the solid tumor, and the primary cultures therefrom have similar estrogen-binding capacities and affinities. These results indicate that mammary carcinoma cell growth in vivo is subject to inhibition that can be overcome by estrogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shafie, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):701-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6994231" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Castration ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous
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  • 30
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    Food dyes impair performance of hyperactive children on a laboratory learning test (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Forty children were given a diet free of artificial food dyes and other additives for 5 days. Twenty of the children had been classified as hyperactive by scores on the Conners Rating Scale and were reported to have favorable responses to stimulant medication. A diagnosis of hyperactivity had been rejected in the other 20 children. Oral challenges with large doses (100 or 150 milligrams) of a blend of FD & C approved food dyes or placebo were administered on days 4 and 5 of the experiment. The performance of the hyperactive children on paired-associate learning tests on the day they received the dye blend was impaired relative to their performance after they received the placebo, but the performance of the nonhyperactive group was not affected by the challenge with the food dye blend.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Swanson, J M -- Kinsbourne, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1485-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361102" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Food Coloring Agents/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/*physiopathology ; Learning/*drug effects ; Male ; Time Factors
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  • 31
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    Calcium transients during excitation-contraction coupling in mammalian heart: aequorin signals of canine Purkinje fibers (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Aequorin signals in mammalian heart muscle cells reveal the existence of two temporally distinct processes that increase cytoplasmic calcium ions after membrane excitation. The differential dependence of these processes on the pattern of stimulation suggests that the first process is, or is closely related to, calcium entry through the surface membrane and that the second is calcium release from intracellular storage sites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wier, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Aequorin/metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Compartmentation ; Dogs ; Heart Conduction System/*metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; *Myocardial Contraction ; Purkinje Fibers/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 32
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    Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors during the rat estrous cycle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: The binding of [6-alanine]gonadotropin-releasing hormone to pituitary plasma membranes increased threefold between metestrus and early proestrus in female rats. Receptor numbers fell rapidly on the afternoon of proestrus coincident with the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. The numbers of receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone were positively correlated with concentrations of estradiol in serum; this pattern may be a necessary component of increased pituitary sensitivty to gonadotropin-releasing hormone observed during proestrus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savoy-Moore, R T -- Schwartz, N B -- Duncan, J A -- Marshall, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Estradiol/blood ; *Estrus ; Feedback ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 33
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    Multiple daily amphetamine administration: behavioral and neurochemical alterations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: In rats, multiple daily amphetamine injections (2.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, injected subcutaneously every 4 hours for 5 days) resulted in a progressive augmentation in response, characterized by a more rapid onset and an increased magnitude of stereotypy. By contrast, offset times of both the stereotypy and the poststereotypy hyperactivity periods were markedly shortened. When the animals were retested with the same dose of amphetamine 8 days after the long-term treatment was discontinued, the time of offset of the stereotypy and hyperactivity phases had recovered to values found with short-term amphetamine treatment, whereas the more rapid onset of stereotypy persisted. Brain monoamine and amphetamine concentrations and tyrosine hydroxylase activity were determined in comparably treated rats at times corresponding to the behavioral observations. The behavioral data indicate that enhanced responsiveness to amphetamine following its repeated administration may contribute to the development of amphetamine psychosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Segal, D S -- Weinberger, S B -- Cahill, J -- McCunney, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4433):905-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Stereotyped Behavior/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Rate of acoustic change may underlie hemispheric specialization for speech perception (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Phonemically similar syllables, differing only by temporal acoustic cues, were presented dichotically to investigate temporal processing mechanisms in hemispheric specialization for speech. Reducing the rate of acoustic change within syllables while keeping their phonemic characteristics constant significantly decreased the characteristic asymmetry in processing speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, J -- Tallal, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1380-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Male ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Health survey in high background radiation areas in China: High Background Radiation Research Group, China (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):877-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Spontaneous/etiology ; China ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*etiology ; Growth/radiation effects ; Humans ; *Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/etiology ; Pregnancy ; *Radiation, Ionizing
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    Hemoglobin switching: a cellular model (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Regulation of hemoglobin synthesis depends in part on the population of cells available for erythroid differentiation. Mouse erythroleukemia cells were cloned, and the clones were induced with dimethyl sulfoxide to test the relative induction of beta minor and beta major synthesis. Cells of line 745 produced approximately 35 percent beta minor after induction, and 39 clones of line 745 produced from 23 to 61 percent beta minor. Further subcloning of the clone that produced 61 percent beta minor led to three subclones, all of which produced more than 90 percent beta minor. Thus one kind of hemoglobin regulation occurs at the cellular level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alter, B P -- Goff, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):647-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6928071" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Clone Cells/metabolism ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Globins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism ; Mice
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  • 37
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    Mitochondrial DNA is a major cellular target for a dihydrodiol-epoxide derivative of benzo[a]pyrene (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: When mammalian cell cultures are exposed for 2 hours to (+/-)-7 beta, 8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, a mutagenic and carcinogenic derivative of benzo[a]pyrene, the extent of covalent modificationof mitochondrial DNA is 40 to 90 times greater than that of nuclear DNA. Evidence is presented that this reflects the lipophilic character of the derivative and the very high ratio of lipid to DNA in mitochondria. These results suggest that mitochondrial DNA may be an important cellular target of chemical carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Backer, J M -- Weinstein, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):297-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6770466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide ; Animals ; Benzopyrenes/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Liposomes
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  • 38
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    Age-related changes in passive avoidance retention: modulation with dietary choline (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartus, R T -- Dean, R L -- Goas, J A -- Lippa, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Aging ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Choline/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Time Factors
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  • 39
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    Phase-sensitive midbrain neurons in Eigenmannia: neural correlates of the jamming avoidance response (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Neurons in the torus semicircularis of the weakly electric fish Eigenmannia encode phase differences between sinusoidal electrical stimuli received in different body regions. These fish normally experience time-varying phase differences when the electric organ discharge fields of two or more individuals overlap. These phase differences supply information necessary for the animal's jamming avoidance behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bastian, J -- Heiligenberg, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):828-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Electric Organ/*physiology ; Escape Reaction/physiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Mesencephalon/cytology/physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Periodicity ; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 40
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    Adrenocorticotropic hormone may be transported directly from the pituitary to the brain (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that pituitary hormones may be delivered directly to the brain. Concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the plasma were determined in blood samles obtained simultaneously from the carotid artery, the sagittal sinus, and the jugular vein of three awake sheep. Seizures were induced electrically to stimulate ACTH secretion, and at precise intervals thereafter several simultaneous comparisons were made in each animal. In many of the post-seizure comparisons, the ACTH plasma concentrations within the sagital sinus exceeded those within the carotid artery as well as those within the jugular vein, indicating that this hormone was released from the pituitary and carried directly through capillary beds of brain to the venous blood within the sagittal sinus. The experiment was repeated in one hypophysectomized sheep and, in this animal, ACTH concentration in the plasma was reduced, but that in the sagittal sinus still was elevated after the seizure, an indication that some ACTH (or ACTH-like material) was released from the brain itself.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R -- Blume, H -- Hamilton, A -- Monica, P -- Paterson, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):541-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6252607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*blood ; Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*blood supply ; Carotid Arteries ; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/blood ; Female ; Hypophysectomy ; Jugular Veins ; Male ; Sheep ; Time Factors
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  • 41
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    Suckling (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Suckling is the only behavior that is common among mammals. In newborn albino rats it is originally elicited by amniotic fluid deposited by the mother during parturition. Subsequent suckling is stimulated by saliva deposited on the nipples by the infant rats. Internal controls over the volume of milk suckled do not appear until infant rats are about 2 weeks of age at which time gastric distension, milk, systemic dehydration, and intestinal hormone cholecystokinin suppress milk intake derived through suckling. The development of controls over suckling appetite appears to parallel that of consummatory control. Until about 2 weeks of age infant rats choose to suckle a nonlactating nipple with the same frequency as a lactating nipple. Thereafter, the lactating nipple is unanimously chosen. These studies suggest differences and commonalities in the suckling behavior of laboratory rats and other mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blass, E M -- Teicher, M H -- AM-18560/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):15-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6997992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Population Groups/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling/*physiology ; Cholecystokinin/physiology ; Dehydration ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Female ; Food Deprivation ; Humans ; Instinct ; Lactation ; Lithium/pharmacology ; Maternal Behavior ; Pheromones ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Saliva ; Sucking Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 42
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    Does malnutrition affect fecundity? A summary of evidence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Moderate chronic malnutrition has only a minor effect on fecundity (reproductive capacity), and the resulting effect on fertility (actural reproduction) is very small. Among the fecundity components examined here in noncontracepting populations, age at menarche and the duration of lactational amenorrhea appear to be the ones most affected by malnutrition. But from neither of those effects can a difference in fertility of more than a few percent be expected between poorly and well-nourished women in developing countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bongaarts, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):564-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Behavior ; Birth Intervals ; Contraception ; Female ; *Fertility ; Fetal Death/epidemiology ; Humans ; Lactation ; Male ; Marriage ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Ovulation ; Pregnancy ; Spermatogenesis
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    The case of the unmentioned malignancy (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1229-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Survival/radiation effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology
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  • 44
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    Single-shot channel activation accounts for duration of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in a central neuron (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: In the goldfish Mauthner cell, inhibitory postsynaptic currents evoked by intracellular stimulation of presynaptic neurons decay exponentially, with a mean time constant of 6.65 milliseconds. Analysis of membrane conductance fluctuations induced by iontophoresis of glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid indicates a mean inhibitory channel lifetime of 7.15 milliseconds. The results thus suggest that the relaxation kinetics of activated inhibitory channels are rate-limiting during decay of the inhibitory postsynaptic current.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faber, D S -- Korn, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):612-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6245449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebellum/cytology ; Chlorides/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Glycine/pharmacology ; Goldfish ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials/*drug effects ; *Neural Inhibition ; Neurons/*physiology ; Pons/cytology ; Time Factors ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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  • 45
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    Sparing of the brain in neonatal undernutrition: amino acid transport and incorporation into brain and muscle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: Rates of tyrosine and lysine transport and incorporation into protein were measured in control and undernourished weanling rats. Undernutrition was induced by feeding lactating dams a low protein diet (12 percent casein) from birth to day 21. At weaning, body and brain weights of undernourished rats were 50 percent and 88 percent, respectively, of control values. Lysine and tyrosine transport rates into skeletal muscle were reduced by over 75 percent, more than twice the reduction seen in brain. Rates of amino acid incorporation into muscle protein were reduced by approximately 50 percent; the change in rate of incorporation into brain protein was not statistically significant. These data indicate that, in spite of marked retardation of amino acid transport into brain, the brain seems fully capable of maintaining normal rates of protein synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freedman, L S -- Samuels, S -- Fish, I -- Schwartz, S A -- Lange, B -- Katz, M -- Morgano, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):902-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/*metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Body Weight ; Brain/growth & development/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lactation ; Male ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition/*metabolism ; Rats
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  • 46
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    Diphenylhydantoin: pre- and postnatal administration alters diazepam binding in developing rat cerebral cortex (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Close correlations between the development of the anticonvulsant effects of diphenylhydantoin and increases in tritiated diazepam binding were observed in rats from fetal day 16 to maturation. In contrast, significant decreases in tritiated diazepam binding were observed in 2- and 3-week-old rats that were exposed in utero to diphenylhydantoin. These changes can be correlated with reported increases in seizure susceptibility after prenatal exposure to diphenylhydantoin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallager, D W -- Mallorga, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Diazepam/*metabolism ; Female ; Fetus/metabolism ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Phenytoin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 47
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    Fasting associated with decrease in hypothalamic beta-endorphin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: In rats that were fasted for 2 to 3 days there was a decline in hypothalamic, but not pituitary, beta-endorphin. There was no change in pituitary or hypothalamic adrenocorticotropin content as a result of fasting. Endogenous opiates may be involved in physiological adaptation to fasting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gambert, S R -- Garthwaite, T L -- Pontzer, C H -- Hagen, T C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1271-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism ; Animals ; Endorphins/*metabolism ; *Fasting ; Hypothalamus/*metabolism ; Male ; Pituitary Gland/metabolism ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 48
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    Endorphin-mediated increases in pain threshold during pregnancy (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Maternal pain thresholds in rats were determined during various stages of pregnancy and parturition by measuring the intensity of electric shock that elicited reflexive jumping. There was a gradual rise in the pain threshold between 16 and 4 days prior to parturition and a more abrupt rise 1 to 2 days before that event. This increase was abolished by long-term administration of the narcotic antagonist naltrexone. The endorphin system is thus an important component of intrinsic mechanisms that modulate responsiveness to aversive stimuli. The data also demonstrate the activation during pregnancy of an endorphin system that is apparently quiescent in nonpregnant female rats treated the same way.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gintzler, A R -- NIMH GRANT DA01771/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Female ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 49
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    Ala-Gly- and Val-Asp-[Arg8]-vasopressin: bovine storage forms of arginine vasopressin with natriuretic activity (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: Extracts of fresh-frozen bovine neurohypophysis were purified by chromatographic techniques to isolate and characterize the components that produce natriuresis in nondiuretic dogs. Two compounds with natiuretic properties similar to those of synthetic arginine vasopressin accounted for most of the natriuretic activity and appeared to be the prevalent vasopressin-like molecules in the extract. These peptides were Ala-Gly-[Arg8]-vasopressin and Val-Asp-[Arg8]-vasopressin; the natriuretic potency of each appeared to be similar to synthetic arginine vasopressin and could be observed with doses in the range of 50 picomoles. In the dog the most conspicuous difference between synthetic arginine vasopressin and the new vasopressin peptides was the smaller pressor responses to natriuretic doses of the new compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gitelman, H J -- Klapper, D G -- Alderman, F R -- Blythe, W B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):893-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355269" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Biological Assay ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Male ; Natriuresis/*drug effects ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior/*metabolism ; Protein Precursors/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 50
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    Classical conditioning: induction of luteinizing hormone and testosterone secretion in anticipation of sexual activity (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: A classical conditioning paradigm was used to demonstrate that male rats can learn to secrete luteinizing hormone and testosterone in anticipation of sexual activity. Sexually naive males were exposed to a neutral stimulus and then to a sexually receptive female once daily. After exposure to the paired stimuli for 14 trials, the neutral stimulus was as effective as the female in triggering luteinizing hormone and testosterone secretion. These findings provide two novel perspectives on the control of reproductive hormone secretion in male rats: (i) environmental cues, which males learn to associate with sexual activity, induce the secretion of hormones that regulate pituitary-testis function, and (ii) classical conditioning may be used as a noninvasive method to evoke functional alterations in the secretion of luteinizing hormone and presumably the neuroendocrine pathways that mediate its release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graham, J M -- Desjardins, C -- HD-13470/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1039-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arousal/physiology ; Conditioning, Classical/*physiology ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Male ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/secretion ; Rats ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testis/secretion ; Testosterone/*secretion ; Time Factors
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    Phenobarbital exposure in utero: alterations in female reproductive function in rats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Phenobarbital administration to pregnant rats from day 12 to day 19 of gestation suppressed body weight gain and produced significant effects on reproductive function in their offspring. These effects included delays in the onset of puberty, disorders in the estrous cycle, and infertility. Moreover, the animals exposed to phenobarbital in utero showed altered concentrations of sex steroids, gonadotrophic hormones, and estrogen receptors. These findings suggest that phenobarbital treatment during prenatal development can produce permanent alterations in sexual maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, C -- Sonawane, B R -- Yaffe, S J -- Shapiro, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):508-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estrus/drug effects ; Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Phenobarbital/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/drug effects
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    Vertebrate cells express protozoan antigen after hybridization (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: Epimastigotes, the invertebrate host stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite causing Chagas' disease in man, were fused with vertebrate cells by using polyethylene glycol. Hybrid cells were selected on the basis of T. cruzi DNA complementation of biochemical deficiencies in the vertebrate cells. Some clones of the hybrid cells expressed T. cruzi-specific antigen. It might be possible to use selected antigens obtained from the hybrids as vaccines for immunodiagnosis or for elucidation of the pathogenesis of Chagas' disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crane, M S -- Dvorak, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):194-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6987737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens/isolation & purification ; *Cell Fusion ; Cell Line ; Clone Cells ; Hybrid Cells/*immunology ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Mammals ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics/*immunology
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    Parathyroid hormone: a coronary artery vasodilator (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Injection of synthetic bovine parathyroid hormone (the amino terminal peptide containing the first 34 amino acids) to the coronary circulation of the dog resulted in a marked coronary vasodilation. The vasodilatory response was dose-dependent and amounted to a 161 percent increase over the resting flow rate at a concentration of 1.0 unit per kilogram.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crass, M F 3rd -- Pang, P K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Coronary Circulation/*drug effects ; Dogs ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Parathyroid Hormone/*pharmacology ; Time Factors ; Vascular Resistance/drug effects ; *Vasodilator Agents
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    Swelling of nerve fibers associated with action potentials (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-17
    Description: Swelling of nerve fibers during the action potential was demonstrated by three different methods. Generation of a propagated nerve impulse in a crab nerve produced an outward movement of 50 to 100 angstroms of the nerve surfce and a rise in swelling pressure on the order of 5 dynes per square centimeter. In squid giant axons, the amplitude of the observed outward movement of the surface was small.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iwasa, K -- Tasaki, I -- Gibbons, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 17;210(4467):338-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Action Potentials ; Animals ; Axons/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Brachyura ; Decapodiformes ; Hydrostatic Pressure ; Time Factors
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    Vertical transmission of acquired ulcer susceptibility in the rat (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Premature separation of rat pups from their dams greatly increases their susceptibility to restraint-induced gastric erosions. When prematurely separated female rats grow to adulthood and mate with stock males, their normally reared F 1 progeny also have increased susceptibility to restraint-induced erosions. Cross-fostering studies show that prenatal rather than postnatal factors transmit this susceptibility to the F 1 progeny.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Skolnick, N J -- Ackerman, S H -- Hofer, M A -- Weiner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Behavior ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Stomach Ulcer/embryology/etiology/*genetics ; Stress, Psychological/*complications
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    Phase variation: evolution of a controlling element (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Phase variation in bacteria is regulated by homologous recombination at a specific DNA site. This recombinational event causes the inversion of a 970-base-pair DNA sequence that includes the promoter necessary for transcription of a flagellar gene. The invertible segment is flanked by two sites that are necessary for the inversion and contains a gene (hin) whose product mediates the inversion event. The hin gene shows extensive homology with the TnpR gene carried on the Tn3 transposon. It is also homologous with the gin gene carried on bacteriophage mu. These relationships suggest that the phase variation system may have evolved by the association of a transposon with a resident gene and the subsequent specialization of these elements to regulate flagellar antigen expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, M -- Zieg, J -- Silverman, M -- Mandel, G -- Doolittle, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1370-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; Flagellin/*genetics ; Genes ; Recombination, Genetic ; Salmonella/*genetics
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    Teratogenic effects of alcohol in humans and laboratory animals (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: The teratogenicity of alcohol has been demonstrated in humans through clinical studies, behavioral studies, and epidemiologic studies, and in animals through controlled laboratory experiments. In humans exposed to alcohol during gestation the effects can range from fetal alcohol syndrome in some offspring of chronic alcoholic women to reduced average birth weight in offspring of women reporting an average consumption of two to three drinks or more per day. The behavioral effects of such exposure may range from mental retardation in children with fetal alcohol syndrome to milder developmental and behavioral effects in infants born to social drinkers. In animals, exposure to alcohol in utero may result in death, malformation, and growth deficiency as well as behavioral and developmental abnormalities. The mechanisms of impairment and related risk factors are yet to be elucidated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Streissguth, A P -- Landesman-Dwyer, S -- Martin, J C -- Smith, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):353-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; Alcohol Drinking ; Brain/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; *Ethanol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/chemically induced ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Sucking Behavior/drug effects ; *Teratogens
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    Swifter action sought on food contamination (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):163.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6765994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Costs and Cost Analysis ; Food Contamination/analysis/*prevention & control ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis ; Time Factors ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Genetic variation in the human insulin gene (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Four recombinant lambda phages containing nucleotide sequences complementary to a cloned human preproinsulin DNA probe have been isolated from human DNA. Restriction analyses in conjunction with Southern hybridizations reveal two types of gene sequences. One isolate of each type was subjected to complete nucleotide sequence determination. The sequences contain the entire preproinsulin messenger RNA region, two intervening sequence. 260 nucleotides upstream from the messenger RNA capping site, and 35 nucleotides beyond the polyadenylate attachment site. Our results strongly suggest that these two gene types are allelic variants of a single insulin gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ullrich, A -- Dull, T J -- Gray, A -- Brosius, J -- Sures, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):612-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6248962" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; *Genes ; Genetic Code ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Insulin/*biosynthesis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Proinsulin/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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    Electrophysiological signs of split-second decision-making (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: When young adults detected auditory stimuli at split-second intervals, different components of the event-related brain potentials showed markedly different speeds of recovery. The P3 component (latency 300 to 350 milliseconds) was fully recovered at intervals of less than 1.0 second, while the N1--P2 components (latencies 100 to 180 milliseconds) were markedly attenuated with stimulus repetition even at longer interstimulus intervals. Thus, the N1--P2 recovers much more slowly than a subject's ability to evaluate signals, whereas the P3 appears to be generated at the same high rates as the decision processes with which it is associated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woods, D L -- Hillyard, S A -- Courchesne, E -- Galambos, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):655-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Decision Making/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Memory/physiology ; Time Factors
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    Visual effects of auditory deprivation: common intermodal and intramodal factors (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Visual temporal acuity, as measured by the critical flicker frequency decreased and then increased during 24 hours of auditory deprivation. This intermodal effect is similar to intramodal changes in the critical flicker frequency of the nonoccluded eye during monocular deprivation; a single mechanism appears to underlie both phenomena.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bross, M -- Harper, D -- Sicz, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):667-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352281" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Denervation ; Flicker Fusion ; Humans ; Reticular Formation/physiology ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Impaired brain growth in neonatal rats exposed to ethanol (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-16
    Description: Infant rat pups, fed through intragastric cannulas from postnatal day 4 through day 18, showed a 19 percent reduction in total brain weight when ethanol was included in their diet on days 4 through 7. This reduction in brain weight occurred even though body growth in the experimental rats was equal to that of their littermate controls. The ethanol-exposed animals were markedly hypoactive during the period of drug administration, then displayed gross body tremors for 3 to 5 days. Throughout the study, the animals treated with ethanol had poor motor coordination and were hyperresponsive. These brain and behavioral effects appear similar to those seen in fetal alcohol syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diaz, J -- Samson, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 16;208(4445):751-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/anatomy & histology/drug effects/*growth & development ; Cerebellum/growth & development ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*embryology ; Organ Size ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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    Asymmetrically permeable membrane channels in cell junction (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Asymmetric membrane junctions were formed in culture by pairing two cell types which, in their respective homologous junctions, have cell-cell channels of different permselectivities. The channels in the asymmetric junction, presumably made of unequal channel precursors, displayed directional permselectivity; fluorescent labeled glutamic acid (700 daltons), but not smaller and less polar permeant molecules, traversed the junction more readily in one direction than in the other. The favored direction was the one where the permeant passed first through the cell membrane that would have the less restrictive channels in a homologous junction. This directional selectivity requires no electric field across the junction and is thus distinct from a rectifying junction. The physiological potential of such directional molecular sieving for partitioning communication between tissue cells of different function and developmental fate are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flagg-Newton, J L -- Loewenstein, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):771-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Cell Communication ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Intercellular Junctions/*physiology ; Ion Channels/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice
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    Seizure protection and increased nerve-terminal GABA: delayed effects of GABA transaminase inhibition (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: Changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) occurring in the presence and in the absence of GABA-containing nerve terminals were estimated in rats in which the dense GABA projection to the substantia nigra was surgically destroyed on one side of the brain. The net increase in GABA of the denervated nigra was compared with that of the intact nigra at various times after a single injection of gama-vinyl-GABA, which irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase. Total GABA reached a maximum within 12 hours, but the GABA pool associated with nerve terminals did not increase until 36 hours and peaked at 60 hours. The onset and peak of anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock seizures directly paralleled the time course for the increase in GABA in nerve terminals, but was not positively correlated with that independent of the terminals. This result supports the concept that elevating GABA in nerve terminals facilitates GABA-mediated synaptic transmission and predicts anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gale, K -- Iadarola, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):288-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6768130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Aminocaproates/*pharmacology ; Aminooxyacetic Acid/pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cell Compartmentation ; Electroshock ; Nerve Endings/metabolism ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Substantia Nigra/metabolism ; Time Factors ; Transaminases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Valproic Acid/pharmacology ; Vigabatrin ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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    Recall (versus recognition) of taste and immunization against aversive taste anticipations based on illness (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Two experiments show that, after taste-aversion conditioning, rats can use external retrieval cues to recall or anticipate the aversive taste solution and avoid its location without making contact with the flavor. They also show that the rat's avoidance of a conditioned aversive taste and its consumption of the aversive flavored solution can be attenuated by giving it prior runway training in which taste reward is given inconsistently on a partial reinforcement schedule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, J S -- Amsel, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):831-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Extinction, Psychological ; Female ; Lithium ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mental Recall/*physiology ; Rats ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Sodium Chloride ; Taste/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Catecholamine-induced alteration in sedimentation behavior of membrane bound beta-adrenergic receptors (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Description: Incubation of astrocytoma cells with catecholamines results in a decrease in catecholamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity and a concomitant alteration in the sedimentation properties of particulate beta-adrenergic receptors. The altered receptors exhibit agonist binding properties similar to those of receptors that are "uncoupled" from adenylate cyclase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harden, T K -- Cotton, C U -- Waldo, G L -- Lutton, J K -- Perkins, J P -- GM 25163/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 22490/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct;210(4468):441-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Astrocytoma ; Cell Line ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Concanavalin A/pharmacology ; Endocytosis ; Humans ; Isoproterenol/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Clinical radioimmunodetection of cancer with radioactive antibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Injection of iodine-131-labeled goat immunoglobulin G antibody to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) into patients with hCG-secreting trophoblastic and germinal tumors permitted tumor detection and location by external gamma-ray scintigraphy. Excision of one of the metastatic tumors located by this method indicated a tumor/nontumor ration of 39.29. The method appears to offer a new clinical tool for precisely locating hCG-producing tumors in the body, even when tumor identification by other clinical methods has failed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldenberg, D M -- Kim, E E -- DeLand, F H -- van Nagell, J R Jr -- Javadpour, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1284-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies/*administration & dosage ; Choriocarcinoma/*radionuclide imaging ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole/*radionuclide imaging ; Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Radionuclide Imaging/methods ; Teratoma/*radionuclide imaging ; Uterine Neoplasms/*radionuclide imaging
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    Carcinogenic activity of particulate nickel compounds is proportional to their cellular uptake (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Particles (less than or equal to 5 micrometers) of the potent carcinogen crystalline nickel subsulfide were actively phagocytized by cultures of Syrian hamster embryo cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cells did not take up significant quantities of similar-sized particles of the noncarcinogen amorphous nickel monosulfide. The carcinogenic activity of this and other metal compounds appears to be proportional to their cellular uptake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Costa, M -- Mollenhauer, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):515-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Carcinogens ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Mesocricetus ; Nickel/*metabolism/toxicity ; Ovary ; Sulfides/metabolism/toxicity
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  • 69
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    Placental beta-endorphin-like peptides (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Acid extract of human placental tissue contain, by both radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay, beta-endrophin-like material. Half of this material will not go through a 5000-dalton filter and on Sephadex G-200 has a molecular size between 25,00 and 50,000 daltons. Of the material going through a 5000-dalton ultrafilter, 80 percent is excluded on Sephadex G-25 and held back, very slightly, on Bio-Rad P6, indicating a molecular size of approximately 4500 to 4800 daltons. Thus, placenta appears to have macromolecular precursors from which a beta-endorphin-like material is released, with a size approximately 12 amino acids longer than half of the pituitary hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Houck, J C -- Kimball, C -- Chang, C -- Pedigo, N W -- Yamamura, H I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Endorphins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Radioligand Assay
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  • 70
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    Role of nitrogen dioxide in the biosynthesis of nitraosamines in mice (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Groups of three to four mice were gavaged with aqueous solutions of 2 milligrams of morpholine, after which they were exposed to nitrogen dioxide in inhalation chambers at concentrations of 0.2 to 50 parts per million for up to 4 hours. At sequential intervals during the exposure, mice were frozen and pulverized in liquid nitrogen, and the mice powder was extracted with ice-cold 35 percent aqueous methanol and dichloromethane; organic-phase concentrates were analyzed for N-nitrosomorpholine with a thermal energy analyzer interfaced to a gas chromatograph. The N-nitrosomorpholine yields, ranging up to about 2.3 micrograms per mouse, were time-dependent relative to the duration of exposure to nitrogen dioxide and dose-dependent relative to the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide; control levels (in mice that were gavaged with morpholine or distilled water and then exposed to air instead of nitrogen dioxide) were less than 5 nanograms per mouse. These preliminary studies demonstrate the in vivo nitrosating potential of nitrogen oxides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iqbal, Z M -- Dahl, K -- Epstein, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1475-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361099" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amines/metabolism ; Animals ; Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology ; Biotransformation ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Mice ; Morpholines/*metabolism ; Nitrogen Dioxide/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Nitrosamines/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 71
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    Cell variants showing differential susceptibility to ultraviolet light--induced transformation (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Six variant clones isolated from a subclone of BALB/3T3-A31 clone were classified into three groups according to their different susceptibilities to cell transformation by ultraviolet light irradiation: highly susceptible, intermediately susceptible, and resistant. All variant clones showed similar susceptibility to cytotoxic effects induced by ultraviolet light.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kakunaga, T -- Crow, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):505-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*radiation effects ; Clone Cells ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Genetic Variation ; Mice ; Transformation, Genetic/*radiation effects ; *Ultraviolet Rays
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  • 72
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    Placental luteinizing hormone-releasing factor and its synthesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: The synthesis of a placental luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pLRF), which is immunologically, physiochemically, and biologically indistinguishable from synthetic LRF, was demonstrated. The incorporation of 3H-labeled leucine by human placental tissue in vitro into pLRF was determined by purification on carboxymethyl-cellulose and specific immunoprecipitation of the 3H-labeled pLRF. The specific activity of the pLRF released into the medium increased 100-fold from day 1 to day 2 of culture and attained a concentration of 2.84 microcuries per microgram. These data indicate that the pLRF that was released initially was endogenous, whereas that released subsequently reflected synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Khodr, G S -- Siler-Khodr, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):315-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6985750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Culture Techniques ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/biosynthesis/immunology/*metabolism ; *Hormones ; Humans ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy
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  • 73
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    Nursing frequency, gonadal function, and birth spacing among !Kung hunter-gatherers (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Mothers among !Kung hunter-gatherers nurse briefly and frequently, with brief intervals between nursing bouts (mean +/- standard error, 13.19 +/- 1.28 minutes). The low levels of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone in the serum of the mother are correlated with infant's age and with interbout interval, but not with total nursing time. Maternal gonadal function is apparently suppressed by a timing-dependent, prolactin-mediated effect of breast stimulation. Interbout interval may be a key variable in lactation infertility. If so, it solves the puzzle of !Kung birth spacing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Konner, M -- Worthman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):788-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; *Birth Intervals ; Botswana ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Humans ; *Lactation ; *Maternal Behavior ; Menstruation ; Namibia ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood
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  • 74
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    Hybridomas revisited (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-17
    Description: In the report by John C. Behrendt et al. "Aeromagnetic and radio echo ice-sounding measurements show much greater area of the Dufek Intrusion, Antarctica" (29 Aug., p. 1014), the word "expedition" should have read "exploitation" in line 13 of the first paragraph on page 1014. Also, in line 2 of the next to last paragraph on page 1016, "50 to 60 cm/sec(2)" should have read "50 to 60 (cm sec(2)) x 10(-3)."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koprowski, H -- Croce, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 17;210(4467):248.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; Antibodies, Viral ; Cell Line ; *Clone Cells ; Mice ; *Patents as Topic ; Plasmacytoma/immunology
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  • 75
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    Clomid administration in rats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malinak, L R -- Kaufman, R H -- Spjut, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):1008.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Clomiphene/*pharmacology ; Female ; Metaplasia/chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Uterus/*drug effects/pathology
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  • 76
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    Opioid and nonopioid mechanisms of stress analgesia (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Inescapable foot shock in rats caused profound analgesia that was antagonized by naloxone or dexamethasone when shock was delivered intermittently for 30 minutes, but not when it was delivered continuously for 3 minutes. Thus, depending only on its temporal characteristics, foot-shock stress appears to activate opioid or nonopioid analgesia mechanisms. Certain forms of stress may act as natural inputs to an endogenous opiate analgesia system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewis, J W -- Cannon, J T -- Liebeskind, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):623-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesia ; Animals ; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology ; Electroshock ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Rats ; Stress, Physiological/*physiopathology ; Time Factors
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  • 77
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    Newly made proteins zip through the cell (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):164-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cells/*metabolism ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/biosynthesis/metabolism ; Golgi Apparatus/metabolism ; Humans ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism
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  • 78
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    Assignment of the murine interferon sensitivity and cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase genes to chromosome 16 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Both hybrids of mouse and human microcells and whole cell hybrids generated by the fusion of primary mouse cells and SV40-transformed human fibroblasts were used to establish the syntenic association of the murine cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase and the interferon sensitivity genes on mouse chromosome 16. This assignment adds two new markers to chromosome 16 and provides another example of an evolutionarily conserved linkage. This finding also provides an animal model both for cellular responsiveness to interferon and for Down's syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, P F -- Slate, D L -- Lawyer, F C -- Ruddle, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):285-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; *Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/drug effects/*physiology ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Karyotyping ; Mice ; Simian virus 40 ; Superoxide Dismutase/*genetics
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  • 79
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    Time: a new parameter for kinetic measurements in flow cytometry (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: The measure of time was used as an additional parameter on an existing flow cytometer to study the kinetics of enzyme activities and cell-stain interactions. By correlating all fluorescent signals from single cells with time, the dynamics of a reaction can be followed for several minutes. This advanced application of flow cytometry is easily implemented and can be incorporated into any flow cytometer that has two-parameter analysis capability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, J C -- Swartzendruber, D E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):199-201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6153131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured/enzymology ; Computers ; Cricetinae ; *Cytological Techniques ; DNA/metabolism ; Esterases/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods ; Staining and Labeling
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  • 80
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    Puberty delay by a urinary cue from female house mice in feral populations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Urine produced by wild female house mice, living in high- and low-density populations and confined to areas within a highway cloverleaf, was tested for its ability to delay puberty in juvenile female mice. Only urine collected from females in the dense population at its maximum density delayed puberty in test females. Urine collected when the population was less dense, or from a population that remained sparse, failed to delay puberty. These results suggest that a urinary factor present at high densities may delay puberty and thus help to slow further population growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Massey, A -- Vandenbergh, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):821-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild/physiology ; Crowding ; Estrus ; Female ; Mice/*physiology/urine ; Pheromones/*urine ; *Population Density ; Pregnancy ; *Sexual Maturation
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  • 81
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    At least three human type alpha interferons: structure of alpha 2 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: The sequence of a human leukocyte-derived complementary DNA (cDNA), Hif-2h, which directs the formation in Escherichia coli of a polypeptide, IFN-alpha 1, with interferon (IFN) activity has been described. A second IFN cDNA, Hif-SN206, which also elicits synthesis of a biologically active IFN, IFN-alpha 2, is described in this article. Whereas IFN-alpha 2 is twice as active on human as on bovine cells, IFN-alpha 1 is 10 to 20 times more active on bovine than on human cells. As deduced from the cDNA's, the messenger RNA's for the two IFN's differ in length and in 20 percent of the nucleotides; the mature IFN polypeptides differ in 17 percent of the amino acids. Both IFN-alpha 1 and IFN-alpha 2 differ from the lymphoblastoid IFN described by others. Therefore, at least three different IFN-alpha genes are expressed in man; studies on genomic DNA reveal the presence of at least eight IFN-related genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Streuli, M -- Nagata, S -- Weissmann, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1343-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6158094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; *Interferons/genetics ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 82
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    Mouse interferons: amino terminal amino acid sequences of various species (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: Mouse interferons of three size classes (A, 35,000 to 40,000 daltons; B, 26,000 to 33,000 daltons; and C, 20,000 daltons) were purified from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells infected with Newcastle disease virus. The sequences of the first 24 amino acids (No. 17 has not been identified) of interferons A and B are identical. The sequence of the first 20 amino acids of interferon C differs from that of A and B in 18 positions. There is partial homology in amino terminal sequence between mouse interferons A (or B) and a human fibroblast interferon and between mouse interferon C and a human lymphoblastoid interferon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taira, H -- Broeze, R J -- Jayaram, B M -- Lengyel, P -- Hunkapiller, M W -- Hood, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):528-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/analysis ; Cells, Cultured ; Glycoproteins/analysis ; *Interferons/genetics ; Mice ; Molecular Weight
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  • 83
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    Associative learning in premature hydranencephalic and normal twins (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: A hydranencephalic infant lacking cerebral hemispheres and a normal twin were tested for associative learning. After repeated trials in which two stimuli were temporally paired, test trials were given in which the second stimulus was omitted. Cardiac orienting responses to stimulus omission indicated that learning had taken place in both infants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tuber, D S -- Berntson, G G -- Bachman, D S -- Allen, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anencephaly/*physiopathology ; Association/*physiology ; Behavior/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydranencephaly/*physiopathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature/*psychology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins, Dizygotic
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  • 84
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    University and drug firm battle over billion-dollar gene (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wade, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 26;209(4464):1492-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6159679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Interferons/biosynthesis/*genetics ; *Jurisprudence ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology ; Universities
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  • 85
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    Sexual characteristics of adult female mice are correlated with their blood testosterone levels during prenatal development (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Mice produce litters containing many pups, and the female fetuses that develop between male fetuses have significantly higher concentrations of the male sex steroid testosterone in both their blood and amniotic fluid than do females that develop between other female fetuses. These two types of females differ during later life in many sexually related characteristics. Thus, individual variation in sexual characteristics of adult female mice may be traceable to differential exposure to testosterone during prenatal development because of intrauterine proximity to male fetuses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉vom Saal, F S -- Bronson, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):597-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amniotic Fluid/*metabolism ; Animals ; Estradiol/blood ; Estrus ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice/*embryology ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; *Sex Differentiation ; Sex Ratio ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/*blood
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  • 86
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    Maternal stress alters plasma testosterone in fetal males (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: Titers of testosterone in plasma were determined by radioimmunoassay in male rat fetuses of stressed and control mothers on days 17, 18, 19, 21, and 23 (the day of birth) after conception. In fetuses of stressed mothers, testosterone concentrations were highest on day 17, declined on days 18 and 19, and then remained unchanged. In the control fetuses, testosterone increased from relatively low concentrations on day 17 to the highest amounts on days 18 and 19, and then declined. Thus, the persistence of feminine and impaired masculine sexual behavior in male offspring of stressed mothers could be due to the absence of a surge of circulating testosterone during days 18 and 19 after conception, a period postulated to be critical in the development of the central nervous system in the rat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ward, I L -- Weisz, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):328-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disorders of Sex Development/embryology ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*analysis ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; *Sex Differentiation ; Stress, Psychological/blood/*physiopathology ; Testosterone/*blood
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Modulation of epidermal growth factor receptors on 3T3 cells by platelet-derived growth factor (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-19
    Description: Platelet-derived growth factor does not compete with epidermal growth factor (EGF) for binding to EGF receptors on the murine 3T3 cell surface, but it modulates EGF receptors in two ways: (i) it induces a transient down regulation of EGF receptors and (ii) it inhibits EGF-induced down regulation of EGF receptors. These data suggest a common cellular internalization mechanism for the receptors for both hormones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wrann, M -- Fox, C F -- Ross, R -- AM-25826/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 19;210(4476):1363-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254158" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Blood Platelets/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Endocytosis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Peptides/*metabolism/*pharmacology ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Acquisition of a memory skill (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: After more than 230 hours of practice in the laboratory, a subject was able to increase his memory span from 7 to 79 digits. His performance on other memory tests with digits equaled that of memory experts with lifelong training. With an appropriate mnemonic system, there is seemingly no limit to memory performance with practice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ericcson, K A -- Chase, W G -- Faloon, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1181-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Association Learning/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Suppression of prolactin secretion in normal young women by 2-hydroxyestrone (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: The nonuterotropic natural estrogen 2-hydroxyestrone administered to normal young women results in a prompt and profound suppression of serum prolactin in most of the subjects. With the exception of dopamine, this is the only endogenous material known to strongly inhibit prolactin secretion, and its action suggests that the physiological regulation of prolactin by estrogens in the human is dual in nature, consisting of stimulation by estradiol and inhibition by its catechol estrogen metabolite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishman, J -- Tulchinsky, D -- CA 22795/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):73-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414322" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Estrogens/physiology ; Estrone/*analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyestrones/*pharmacology ; Prolactin/blood/*secretion ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Factors influencing the inhibitory effect of selenium on mice inoculated with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Selenium, administered to mice with Ehrlich ascites tumors, effectively limited tumor growth. The response was dependent on the chemical form and dose of selenium administered. At the doses administered, there were no detectable adverse effects to the host.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greeder, G A -- Milner, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):825-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7406957" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/*drug therapy/pathology ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cystine/analogs & derivatives ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Selenium/*administration & dosage/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Selenomethionine/administration & dosage
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Calmodulin plays a pivotal role in cellular regulation (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: The role of calcium ions (Ca2+) in cell function is beginning to be unraveled at the molecular level as a result of recent research on calcium-binding proteins and particularly on calmodulin. These proteins interact reversibly with Ca2+ to form a protein . Ca2+ complex, whose activity is regulated by the cellular flux of Ca2+. Many of the effects of Ca2+ appear to be exerted through calmodulin-regulated enzymes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cheung, W Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):19-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism ; Allosteric Regulation ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Calcium/*physiology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Calmodulin/*physiology ; Cell Communication ; Cyclic AMP/*physiology ; Enzyme Activation ; Phospholipases A/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Troponin/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Monozygotic twin formation in mouse embryos in vitro (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Monozygotic twins developed from cultured murine blastocysts at the ratio of approximately 1:100. The locus at which the denuded blastocysts attached to the culture dish was usually a random section of their mural trophoblasts, in which case single egg cylinders developed unilaterally. However, in those few blastocysts attaching with their antipolar mural trophoblasts, the inner cell mass became subdivided into two parts because of restrictions imposed on its growth by the apically situated polar trophoblasts and the plastic substrate. Each subdivision apparently incorporated totipotent cells, resulting in the bilateral formation of two egg cylinders sharing the same ectoplacental cone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsu, Y C -- Gonda, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):605-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/physiology ; Culture Media ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; *Twins ; *Twins, Monozygotic
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  • 93
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    Prenatal exposure to diazepam alters behavioral development in rats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: Characteristic potentiation of rat locomotion responses and acoustic startle reflexes that normally appear in the third postnatal week was absent in rats exposed to diazepam during the third week of gestation. Loss of these behaviors suggests a long-term effect that may result from changes in cellular development. Tissue undergoing neuronal differentation may be especially sensitive to drugs that act on the central nervous system, and the period in which differentiation occurs is perhaps critical for the induction of changes that are later expressed as altered behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellogg, C -- Tervo, D -- Ison, J -- Parisi, T -- Miller, R K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):205-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/drug effects ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetus/*drug effects ; Gestational Age ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Reflex, Startle/drug effects ; Sound
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  • 94
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    Human fibroblast interferon: amino acid analysis and amino terminal amino acid sequence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: The purification of human fibroblast interferon has been simplified to a two-step procedure consisting of affinity chromatography on Blue Sepharose and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrlamide gel electrophoresis. A preliminary amino acid composition and the sequence of the 13 amino-terminal residues of homogeneous interferon prepared by this method is reported.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knight, E Jr -- Hunkapiller, M W -- Korant, B D -- Hardy, R W -- Hood, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):525-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/analysis ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts/*analysis ; Humans ; *Interferons
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines secrete the major plasma proteins and hepatitis B surface antigen (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Analysis of the cell culture fluid from two new human hepatoma-derived cell lines reveals that 17 of the major human plasma proteins are synthesized and secreted by these cells. One of these cell lines, Hep 3B, also produces the two major polypeptides of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen. When Hep 3B in injected into athymic mice, metastatic hepatocellular carcinomas appear. These cell lines provide experimental models for investigation of plasma protein biosynthesis and the relation of the hepatitis B viru genome to tumorigenicity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knowles, B B -- Howe, C C -- Aden, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6248960" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Proteins/*secretion ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology/*secretion ; Cell Line ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*analysis ; Humans ; Immunodiffusion ; Liver Neoplasms/immunology/*secretion
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  • 96
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    NIH panel urges fewer Cesarean births (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):176-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cesarean Section/standards/utilization ; Female ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pregnancy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Anesthetics as teratogens: nitrous oxide is fetotoxic, xenon is not (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: Exposure of pregnant rats to the anesthetic nitrous oxide on the ninth day of gestation causes fetal resorption, skeletal anomalies, and macroscopic lesions including encephalocele, anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and gastroschisis. The inert gas xenon, which has anesthetic properties similar to those of nitrous oxide, does not cause teratogenic effects under the same experimental conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lane, G A -- Nahrwold, M L -- Tait, A R -- Taylor-Busch, M -- Cohen, P J -- Beaudoin, A R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):899-901.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anesthetics/*adverse effects ; Animals ; Female ; Nitrous Oxide/*toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Teratogens ; Xenon/*toxicity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Caffeine study (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lechat, M F -- Borlee, I -- Bouckaert, A -- Misson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1296-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Caffeine/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; *Teratogens
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Evolutionary theory under fire (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):883-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6107993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; *Biological Evolution ; Chicago ; Congresses as Topic ; Fossils ; Gene Frequency ; Models, Theoretical ; Mutation ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    AMIS negative on aspirin and heart attacks (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):859-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aspirin/*therapeutic use ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient/prevention & control ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction/*prevention & control ; Time Factors
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