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  • Humans  (343)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (343)
  • Cell Press
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (343)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1940-1944
  • 1983  (343)
  • 1977
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (343)
  • Cell Press
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (343)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 101
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):153.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; *Fraud ; Humans ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; *Research ; *Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Universities
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  • 102
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1047-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643956" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Delivery of Health Care ; Education, Medical ; El Salvador ; Financial Support ; Health Personnel ; *Human Rights ; Humans ; Organizational Policy ; Physicians ; Politics ; *Professional Misconduct ; Public Policy ; *Societies ; United States ; Violence ; Salvador in January as observers for the American Association for the Advancement ; of Science, the National Academy of Sciences, the New York Academy of Sciences, ; and the International League for Human Rights. Their findings paralleled those of ; an earlier delegation--"a virtually complete breakdown of the health system" and ; continuing violence against health professionals. A number of scientific ; organizations in the U.S. are reported to be exploring ways to channel private ; aid from health professionals and to protect the rights of patients and health ; personnel without antagonizing the government of El Salvador.
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  • 103
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: Subjects treated with low or high doses of ethanol demonstrated impaired memory, particularly in tests involving the recall of poorly learned information. Zimelidine, an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, reversed this ethanol-induced impairment. The serotonin neurotransmitter system may mediate learning and memory in humans and may determine some of the effects of alcohol on higher mental functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weingartner, H -- Rudorfer, M V -- Buchsbaum, M S -- Linnoila, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):472-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6223371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brompheniramine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Learning/drug effects ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Memory Disorders/*chemically induced ; Mental Recall/drug effects ; Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology ; Zimeldine
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  • 104
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wertheimer, N -- Leeper, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):712, 714.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Magnetics
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  • 105
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Faced with limited resources, the United States must set priorities for research to identify preventable causes of cancer. A quantitative approach to priority setting, based on principles of decision analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis, can offer guidance in this process. An illustrative application of such a model suggests that the National Institutes of Health-supported clinical trial of dietary beta-carotene offers a greater expected reduction in cancer mortality per research dollar than carcinogen bioassays of high-volume industrial chemicals such as p-dichlorobenzene. National research priorities should reflect the relative cost-effectiveness of such investments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):17-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; Carcinogens ; Carotenoids/adverse effects ; Chlorobenzenes/adverse effects ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Humans ; Neoplasms/economics/mortality/*prevention & control ; Policy Making ; United States ; beta Carotene
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  • 106
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: When normal diploid fibroblasts from mice, hamsters, and humans were grown in culture, the 5-methylcytosine content of their DNA's markedly decreased. The greatest rate of loss of 5-methylcytosine residues was observed in mouse cells, which survived the least number of division. Immortal mouse cell lines had more stable rates of methylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, V L -- Jones, P A -- 1-T32-CA09320/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM30892/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine ; *Aging ; Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism/*physiology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Mesocricetus ; Methylation ; Mice ; Time Factors
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  • 107
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: A protoplast fusion method was developed to stably transfect human cells with pSV2-derived plasmids at frequencies greater than 10(-3). This procedure made it possible to test the biological effect of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene independent of the viral structures required for infection. A pSV2gpt+ plasmid constructed to carry a subgenomic fragment of HBV that contained the core antigen gene (HBc gene) was transfected into human cells. A human epithelial cell line was stably transfected with the HBc+ gene by selecting recipient cells for expression of guanine phosphoribosyl transferase expression. With this gpt+/HBc+ cell line it was shown that growth in serum-free medium or treatment with 5'-azacytidine stimulates the production of the HBV core antigen. A hepatocellular carcinoma carrying the entire HBV genome was stimulated to produce the HBc gene product in response to the same factors that stimulated HBcAg production in the gpt+/HBc+ cell line constructed by transfection. The temporal relation between the cytopathologic response and HBc gene expression was similar for both cell types, indicating a primary role for HBc gene expression in the cytopathology of HBV-infected human liver.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoakum, G H -- Korba, B E -- Lechner, J F -- Tokiwa, T -- Gazdar, A F -- Seeley, T -- Siegel, M -- Leeman, L -- Autrup, H -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):385-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6194563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Azacitidine/pharmacology ; Cell Fusion ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Genes, Viral ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens/*genetics ; Humans ; Transfection
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  • 108
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: A phenolic glycolipid from Mycobacterium leprae was purified and used as antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies directed against the lipid were seen in serums from leprosy patients but not in serums from uninfected controls or patients infected with other mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The antibody response distinguished between the Mycobacterium leprae lipid and the structurally related phenolic glycolipid from Mycobacterium kansasii. This assay has considerable potential as a specific serodiagnostic test for leprosy infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, D B -- Buchanan, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1057-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6348948" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Glycolipids/*immunology ; Humans ; Leprosy/*diagnosis ; Mycobacterium leprae/*immunology ; Serologic Tests
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  • 109
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: High-resolution banding techniques for the study of human chromosomes have revealed that the malignant cells of most tumors analyzed have characteristic chromosomal defects. Translocations of the same chromosome segments with precise breakpoints occur in many leukemias and lymphomas, and a specific chromosome band is deleted in several carcinomas. Trisomy, or the occurrence of a particular chromosome in triplicate, is the only abnormality observed in a few neoplasias. It is proposed that chromosomal rearrangements play a central role in human neoplasia and may exert their effects through related genomic mechanisms. Thus, a translocation could serve to place an oncogene next to an activating DNA sequence, a deletion to eliminate an oncogene repressor, and trisomy to carry extra gene dosage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yunis, J J -- CA31024/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA33314/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):227-36.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6336310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinogens/pharmacology ; Carcinoma/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosome Fragility ; Chromosomes, Human/drug effects/*physiology ; Humans ; Leukemia/genetics ; Lymphoma/genetics ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Oncogenes ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 110
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-30
    Description: The appearance of certain three-dimensional surfaces was found to depend on the orientation of the depth contours forming the surface. This was true both when the depth was specified by motion parallax and when it was specified by binocular disparities. Slowly changing depth surfaces that generated a pattern of relative motions or disparities characterized by a one-dimensional expansion-compression were perceived differently from those that produced a shear transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, B J -- Graham, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 30;221(4618):1409-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Depth Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Illusions/*physiology ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Optical Illusions/*physiology ; Retina/physiology
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  • 111
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubin, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1170, 1172.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*etiology/genetics ; *Oncogenes
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  • 112
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sammons, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1375-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *American Medical Association ; Humans ; Medical Laboratory Science/*standards ; United States
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  • 113
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Arachidonic acid plays a central role in a biological control system where such oxygenated derivatives as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes are mediators. The leukotrienes are formed by transformation of arachidonic acid into an unstable epoxide intermediate, leukotriene A4, which can be converted enzymatically by hydration to leukotriene B4, and by addition of glutathione to leukotriene C4. This last compound is metabolized to leukotrienes D4 and E4 by successive elimination of a gamma-glutamyl residue and glycine. Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis consists of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4. The cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors, increase vascular permeability in postcapillary venules, and stimulate mucus secretion. Leukotriene B4 causes adhesion and chemotactic movement of leukocytes and stimulates aggregation, enzyme release, and generation of superoxide in neutrophils. Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4, which are released from the lung tissue of asthmatic subjects exposed to specific allergens, seem to play a pathophysiological role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These leukotrienes, as well as leukotriene B4, have pro-inflammatory effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samuelsson, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):568-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/metabolism/pharmacology/physiology ; Bronchi/drug effects ; Cats ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*physiopathology ; Inflammation/*physiopathology ; Leukocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Leukotriene B4/pharmacology/*physiology ; Mice ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; SRS-A/*physiology
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  • 114
    Publication Date: 1983-06-24
    Description: The delta 15N values of bone collagen from Eskimos and from Northwest Coast Indians dependent on salmon fishing are about 10 per mil more positive than those from agriculturalists in historic times. Among prehistoric humans, two groups dependent on marine food sources show bone collagen delta 15N values that are 4 to 6 per mil more positive than those from two agricultural groups. The nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen from prehistoric inhabitants of the Bahamas are anomalously low for reasons that relate to the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in coral reefs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schoeninger, M J -- DeNiro, M J -- Tauber, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 24;220(4604):1381-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bone and Bones/*analysis ; Collagen/*analysis ; *Diet ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Indians, North American/history ; Indians, South American/history ; Inuits/history ; *Nitrogen Isotopes
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  • 115
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: The compound 2-phenylethylamine is an "endogenous amphetamine" which may modulate central adrenergic functions. 2-Phenylethylamine is mainly metabolized by monoamine oxidase to form phenyl acetate (PAA). The 24-hour urinary excretion of PAA was measured in normal healthy volunteers and depressed patients. Patients were diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, edition 3. In 70 percent of healthy volunteers of both sexes, the excretion of PAA ranged between 70 and 175 milligrams per 24 hours (mean = 141.1 +/- 10.2). Inpatients with major depressive disorder (unipolar type) (N = 31) excreted less PAA (68.7 +/- 7.0 milligrams per 24 hours) and 55 percent of them excreted less than 70 milligrams per 24 hours; there were no significant differences in the PAA excretion between untreated patients (N = 13) and those treated with antidepressants that were not effective (N = 18). The PAA excretion was reduced to a lesser extent in 35 less severely depressed unipolar outpatients (drug-free for 1 week) (86.3 +/- 11.8 milligrams per 24 hours). These results suggest that low PAA urinary excretion may be a reliable state marker for the diagnosis of some forms of unipolar major depressive disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sabelli, H C -- Fawcett, J -- Gusovsky, F -- Javaid, J -- Edwards, J -- Jeffriess, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1187-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857245" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Depressive Disorder/*diagnosis/urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenethylamines/metabolism/physiology ; Phenylacetates/*urine
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  • 116
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: The structure of the messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the precursor to mouse submaxillary epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined from the sequence of a set of overlapping complementary DNA's (cDNA). The mRNA is unexpectedly large, about 4750 nucleotide bases, and predicts the sequence of preproEGF, a protein of 1217 amino acids (133,000 molecular weight). The EGF moiety (53 amino acids) is flanked by polypeptide segments of 976 and 188 amino acids at its amino and carboyxl termini, respectively. The amino terminal segment of the precursor contains seven peptides with sequences that are similar but not identical to EGF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scott, J -- Urdea, M -- Quiroga, M -- Sanchez-Pescador, R -- Fong, N -- Selby, M -- Rutter, W J -- Bell, G I -- 21344/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):236-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Epidermal Growth Factor/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Submandibular Gland/metabolism
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  • 117
    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Angiographically demonstrable coronary artery spasm could be provoked repeatedly by giving intracoronary or intravenous injections of histamine to miniature swine with experimentally induced atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary artery. The spasm induced in this way subsided either spontaneously or after the administration of nitroglycerin and was prevented by a calcium antagonist or an agent that blocks histamine H1 receptors. This model, which suggests that atherosclerotic changes may be one of the primary factors in the occurrence of coronary artery spasm, should facilitate studies on the pathogenesis of this condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimokawa, H -- Tomoike, H -- Nabeyama, S -- Yamamoto, H -- Araki, H -- Nakamura, M -- Ishii, Y -- Tanaka, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):560-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6408736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriosclerosis/complications/pathology/*physiopathology ; Cimetidine/pharmacology ; Coronary Vasospasm/*chemically induced ; Coronary Vessels/drug effects/pathology ; Dogs ; Ergonovine/pharmacology ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Nitroglycerin/pharmacology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
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  • 118
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shubik, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1226, 1228.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Neoplasms/*physiopathology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/physiopathology ; Research
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  • 119
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Normal bone marrow cells from a donor positive for herpes simplex virus were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus. The resulting lymphoblastoid cell line has secreted immunoglobulin G1 of the kappa type continuously for 2 years. This immunoglobulin, detected both on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm, reacts with cells infected with herpes simplex virus. It defines an antigen that comigrates with the 55-kilodalton glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 and neutralizes the infectivity of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seigneurin, J M -- Desgranges, C -- Seigneurin, D -- Paire, J -- Renversez, J C -- Jacquemont, B -- Micouin, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Bone Marrow/*immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Line ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Simplexvirus/*immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; Viral Proteins/*immunology
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  • 120
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siebert, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):908.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Multiple/*embryology ; Face/abnormalities ; Heart Defects, Congenital/embryology ; Humans ; Neural Crest/*physiology
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  • 121
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, N -- Shils, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 22;221(4608):318, 320.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Accidents ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes/adverse effects ; New York City ; Nuclear Reactors ; Potassium Iodide/*therapeutic use
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  • 122
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Timed sequences of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging signals in the human head were used to quantitatively measure blood flow in the internal jugular veins. The procedure can be straightforwardly applied to any vein or artery in the body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singer, J R -- Crooks, L E -- CA23850/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HV02928/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):654-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/blood supply ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Humans ; Jugular Veins/radionuclide imaging ; *Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Radionuclide Angiography
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  • 123
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: What may be the first calicivirus isolate from any primate species, including man, was recovered from a herpesvirus-like lip lesion on a pygmy chimpanzee and then, 6 months later, from the throat of the same animal. The infected individual and its cage mates had circulating antibodies that were type-specific for this calicivirus. The agent was antigenically different from 30 other calicivirus serotypes and is tentatively designated primate calicivirus Pan paniscus type 1 (PCV-Pan 1).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, A W -- Skilling, D E -- Ensley, P K -- Benirschke, K -- Lester, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):79-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Caliciviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Cats ; Cattle ; Hominidae/*microbiology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Picornaviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Swine
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  • 124
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):733-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/*etiology ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; *Nuclear Warfare ; Veterans
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  • 125
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Although official efforts to control air pollution have traditionally focused on outdoor air, it is now apparent that elevated contaminant concentrations are common inside some private and public buildings. Concerns about potential public health problems due to indoor air pollution are based on evidence that urban residents typically spend more than 90 percent of their time indoors, concentrations of some contaminants are higher indoors than outdoors, and for some pollutants personal exposures are not characterized adequately by outdoor measurements. Among the more important indoor contaminants associated with health or irritation effects are passive tobacco smoke, radon decay products, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, asbestos fibers, microorganisms, and aeroallergens. Efforts to assess health risks associated with indoor air pollution are limited by insufficient information about the number of people exposed, the pattern and severity of exposures, and the health consequences of exposures. An overall strategy should be developed to investigate indoor exposures, health effects, control options, and public policy alternatives.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spengler, J D -- Sexton, K -- ES-01108/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):9-17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Air Microbiology ; Air Pollution/*adverse effects/prevention & control ; Air Pollution, Radioactive/adverse effects ; Asbestos/adverse effects ; Carbon Monoxide/adverse effects ; Child ; Construction Materials/adverse effects ; Formaldehyde/adverse effects ; Fuel Oils/adverse effects ; Household Articles ; Humans ; Public Policy ; Radon/adverse effects ; Smoke/adverse effects ; Smoking ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects ; Ventilation
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  • 126
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: Infants prefer to look at an array of objects that corresponds in number to a sequence of sounds. In doing so, infants disregard the modality (visual or auditory) and type (object or event) of items presented. This finding indicates that infants possess a mechanism that enables them to obtain information about number.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Starkey, P -- Spelke, E S -- Gelman, R -- HD 13248/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH 07949/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):179-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623069" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; *Infant ; Perception/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 127
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: The genes of the major histocompatibility complex code for cell-surface molecules that play an important role in the generation of the immune response. These genes and molecules have been studied intensively over the last five decades by geneticists, biochemists, and immunologists, but only recently has the isolation of the genes by molecular biologists facilitated their precise characterization. Many surprising findings have been made concerning their structure, multiplicity, organization, function, and evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinmetz, M -- Hood, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):727-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356354" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genes ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; HLA Antigens/*genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein Conformation
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  • 128
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: Interleukin 2, a lymphokine that acts as a second signal of cellular immune response by way of its action as a T-cell growth factor, was morphologically identified by immunoperoxidase staining. With the use of a monoclonal antibody to interleukin 2 and several complex-forming antisera, the lymphokine was readily distinguished in cytocentrifuge preparations of peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with a T-cell mitogen. When preparations of cloned interleukin 2 producer and responder cells were stained by the same procedures, discrete patterns of both responder and producer cell phenotypes were revealed. Interleukin 2 producer T cells exhibited a characteristic intense, ringlike cytoplasmic staining, whereas the responder cells (as exemplified by interleukin 2-dependent cell lines) exhibited a less intensive, spotlike membrane staining. In addition, intense membrane localization of interleukin 2, reminiscent of potential capping phenomena, could be observed in stained preparations of cloned responder cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinmann, G -- Conlon, P -- Hefeneider, S -- Gillis, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1188-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Interleukin-2/*physiology ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
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  • 129
    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: Macrophages isolated from tumor-bearing patients as well as cultured human monocytes express Fc receptors that cross-react strongly with murine immunoglobulins of the G2a but only slightly or not at all with the G1, G2b, or G3 subclasses. Such macrophages in the presence of murine immunoglobulin G2a monoclonal antibodies to tumors mediated the killing of tumor cells in vitro. These data suggest that monoclonal antibodies of the G2a subclass may be useful in the immunotherapy of human cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steplewski, Z -- Lubeck, M D -- Koprowski, H -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-25874/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):865-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; *Immunity, Cellular ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Mice ; Monocytes/immunology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology/therapy ; Receptors, Fc/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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  • 130
    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: Flow cytometry revealed that, in the presence of tritiated thymidine, a greater percentage of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes from old human donors were arrested in the G2 or M phase than were cells from young donors. Furthermore, lymphocytes from old donors showed significantly more chromosomal damage than did lymphocytes from young donors. Lymphocyte cultures from old or young donors not exposed to tritiated thymidine had the same percentage of cycling lymphocytes in G2 or M, although the number of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin to enter the cell cycle was significantly lower in cultures from old donors. Thus, the impaired incorporation of tritiated thymidine by phytohemagglutinin-exposed lymphocytes from old humans reflects both an impaired proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin and an increased sensitivity to the radiobiological effects of tritiated thymidine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Staiano-Coico, L -- Darzynkiewicz, Z -- Hefton, J M -- Dutkowski, R -- Darlington, G J -- Weksler, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1335-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Cycle/*radiation effects ; Chromosomes/*radiation effects/ultrastructure ; DNA Repair/radiation effects ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thymidine/adverse effects ; Tritium
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  • 131
    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: Dissimilarities in perception elicited by stimulation with two electrodes were estimated. A two-dimensional spatial configuration was found to be suitable to represent the dissimilarity data, and the two dimensions could be interpreted as corresponding to the position of the apical and basal electrode of the two-electrode combination. A speech-processing strategy that converts acoustic, first and second formants to two-electrode stimulation is proposed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tong, Y C -- Dowell, R C -- Blamey, P J -- Clark, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):993-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cochlea/physiology ; Deafness/*therapy ; Electric Stimulation ; Humans ; Speech Perception
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  • 132
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Schizophrenic patients with high ventricle brain ratios and cortical brain atrophy, as shown by computerized tomography, had decreased spinal fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity. These decreased cerebral spinal fluid concentrations in patients with brain atrophy support the proposal of disturbed noradrenaline and dopamine neurotransmission in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Kammen, D P -- Mann, L S -- Sternberg, D E -- Scheinin, M -- Ninan, P T -- Marder, S R -- van Kammen, W B -- Rieder, R O -- Linnoila, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):974-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6133351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects ; Atrophy ; Brain/metabolism/*pathology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Homovanillic Acid/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phenylacetates/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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  • 133
    Publication Date: 1983-09-30
    Description: Histopathologic examination of lymph nodes from 39 patients with clinical and pathological criteria for cat scratch disease revealed delicate pleomorphic Gram-negative bacilli in 34 of the 39 nodes. They were within the walls of capillaries in or near areas of follicular hyperplasia and within microabscesses. They were best seen with the Warthin-Starry silver impregnation stain. Organisms in lymph node sections exposed to convalescent serum from three patients and to immunoperoxidase stained equally well with all three samples. The organisms did not react with hyperimmune sera to Legionella pneumophila nor to several species of Rickettsia. These bacilli appear to be the causative agents of cat scratch disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wear, D J -- Margileth, A M -- Hadfield, T L -- Fischer, G W -- Schlagel, C J -- King, F M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 30;221(4618):1403-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cat-Scratch Disease/*microbiology/pathology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/*microbiology/pathology
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  • 134
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: In citrate agar electrophoresis hemoglobin appears to bind reversibly to the sulfated polysaccharide agaropectin, a natural component of Difco Bacto-Agar. This complex migrates anodally, since the hemoglobin is only weakly positively charged at pH 6.2 whereas the carbohydrate carries a net negative charge. Electroendosmosis, on the other hand, proceeds in the cathodal direction. These opposing fluxes separate the hemoglobins in the order of their affinity for agaropectin. An agaropectin binding site was identified on hemoglobin by computer-assisted modeling, and the relation of the site to hemoglobin variants that exhibit abnormal citrate agar mobility was established. The citrate anion is postulated to function as a "counter ion." Preliminary evidence indicates that agaropectin has antigelling properties with respect to hemoglobin S.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winter, W P -- Yodh, J -- HL-15160/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):175-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6190229" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agar ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Fetal Hemoglobin ; Hemoglobin C ; Hemoglobin, Sickle ; *Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Sepharose
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  • 135
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Since it has been postulated that liver hepatocytes may become infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vivo through direct contact with infected macrophages, the possibility that a circulating cell of hematopoietic origin might be susceptible to infection with HBV was investigated. Cells positive for HBV surface antigen were identified in aspirates of bone marrow cells from people infected with HBV. These cells were used to prepare a lymphoblastoid suspension culture that contains HBV-infected cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romet-Lemonne, J L -- McLane, M F -- Elfassi, E -- Haseltine, W A -- Azocar, J -- Essex, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):667-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Hepatitis B/*microbiology/pathology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology ; Hepatitis B virus/growth & development ; Humans ; Liver/pathology ; Lymphocytes/*microbiology/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged
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  • 136
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Comparison of two closely related primate papovaviruses, simian virus 40 (SV40) and human BK virus (BKV), reveals that the only region of extensive divergence, the tandem sequences adjacent to the origins of DNA replication, is responsible in SV40 for enhancing early gene expression. This study demonstrates a similar enhancer function for the analogous repeated region in BKV. The dissimilarity in sequence of the BKV and SV40 enhancer elements suggests that they may have been acquired since SV40 and BKV diverged. A locus cloned from the human genome homologous to the BKV tandem repeats has been shown to function as low level enhancer element in mammalian cells. These data support the hypothesis that viral enhancer sequences may be evolutionarily related to host cell sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenthal, N -- Kress, M -- Gruss, P -- Khoury, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):749-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6314501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BK Virus/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polyomavirus/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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  • 137
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: An unusual isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase k, is found in high concentrations in cultured cells transformed by the Kirsten murine sarcoma virus and in many human cancer tissues. In experiments described here high levels of a lactate dehydrogenase k activity were detected in extracts of normal rodent retina. This activity had the same key properties as the human tumor isozyme, namely, a highly cathodic electrophoretic mobility and inhibition of enzymatic activity by oxygen and 5',5'-dipurinenucleoside tetraphosphates. Expression of this activity in the retina may be related to the high aerobic glycolysis characteristic of the retina, a metabolic feature shared with many tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saavedra, R A -- Anderson, G R -- CA32022/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM28098/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):291-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Chickens ; Electrophoresis ; Glycolysis ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms/*enzymology ; Oxygen/pharmacology ; Rats ; Retina/*enzymology
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  • 138
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Digoxin, the most widely used cardiac glycoside, undergoes significant metabolic conversion in many patients to cardioinactive metabolites in which the lactone ring is reduced. This appears to occur within the gastrointestinal tract. An attempt was made to isolate and identify the organisms capable of reducing digoxin from stool cultures obtained from human volunteers. Of hundreds of isolates studied, only Eubacterium lentum, a common anaerobe of the human colonic flora, converted digoxin to reduced derivatives. Such organisms were also isolated in high concentrations from the stools of individuals who did not excrete these metabolites when given digoxin in vivo. When the growth of E. lentum was stimulated by arginine, inactivation of digoxin was inhibited. Neither the presence of these organisms alone nor their concentration within the gut flora appeared to determine whether digoxin would be inactivated by this pathway in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saha, J R -- Butler, V P Jr -- Neu, H C -- Lindenbaum, J -- AA 00249/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- HL 10608/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arginine/pharmacology ; Colon/microbiology ; Digoxin/*metabolism ; Eubacterium/drug effects/*metabolism ; Feces/microbiology ; Humans ; Oxidation-Reduction
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  • 139
    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: A human colonic adenocarcinoma transforming gene, recently identified as a cellular homolog of the Kirsten sarcoma gene (v-ras), was used to assign the human cellular Kirsten ras2 gene to chromosome 12 by the Southern hybridization method. A single 640 base-pair Eco RI--Hind III fragment of the transforming gene, isolated by DNA transfection and molecular cloning, can detect a single Eco RI fragment (2.9 kilobase pairs) of DNA from phenotypically normal cells. The data suggest a constant chromosomal location of c-Ki-ras2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sakaguchi, A Y -- Naylor, S L -- Shows, T B -- Toole, J J -- McCoy, M -- Weinberg, R A -- CA16056/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA26717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1081-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Kirsten murine sarcoma virus/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes
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  • 140
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Lysogeny, or the presence of temperate bacteriophage, was demonstrated, by means of two Staphylococcus aureus indicator strains, in 11 of 12 strains of S. aureus isolated from patients with toxic shock syndrome. Only 1 of 18 strains of S. aureus that were not associated with toxic shock syndrome showed the presence of bacteriophage. A laboratory strain of S. aureus was lysogenized by bacteriophage from two of the toxic shock-associated strains. These results add support to the theory that lysogeny by one or more bacteriophage in certain strains of S. aureus may be responsible for the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schutzer, S E -- Fischetti, V A -- Zabriskie, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):316-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6220467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; *Lysogeny ; Plasmids ; Shock, Septic/etiology/*microbiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Staphylococcus Phages/isolation & purification ; *Staphylococcus aureus
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  • 141
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: The cerebral metabolic rate for glucose, as measured with positron emission tomography and fluorine-18-labeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose, was significantly higher in four healthy young subjects with trisomy 21 syndrome (Down's syndrome) than the mean rate in healthy young controls. The rate of cerebral glucose utilization in the frontal lobe of a 51-year-old subject with Down's syndrome was significantly lower than the rate in the young subjects with this syndrome, but approximated the rate in middle-aged controls. Thus glucose utilization by the brain appears to be excessive in young adults with Down's syndrome but may decline with age in some brain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, M -- Duara, R -- Haxby, J -- Grady, C -- White, B J -- Kessler, R M -- Kay, A D -- Cutler, N R -- Rapoport, S I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):781-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6224294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Dementia/etiology ; Down Syndrome/complications/*physiopathology ; Female ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
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  • 142
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: Primary cultures of epithelial cells were grown from the tonsils and adenoids of patients with diseases not related to Epstein-Barr virus. The cells could not be infected by Epstein-Barr virus. Fluorescein-labeled Epstein-Barr virus and a cytofluorograph were then used to show that the epithelial cells do not have detectable receptors for the virus. However, implantation with Epstein-Barr virus receptors gave the cells the ability to bind the labeled virus. One to 5 percent of receptor-implanted cells exposed to the transforming B95-8 substrain of the virus expressed Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen. The early and viral capsid Epstein-Barr virus-determined antigens were not detected in the virus-infected cultures. The results show that normal human epithelial cells from the nasopharynx become susceptible to infection by Epstein-Barr virus when the membrane barrier resulting from the lack of viral receptors is overcome by receptor implantation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, I M -- Volsky, D J -- 1R01 CA33386-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1225-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6298935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Epithelium/*microbiology ; Herpesviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/growth & development ; Humans ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Virus Replication
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  • 143
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: A curved gray path, briefly flashed between two alternately displayed black dots, induced a compelling illusion of a single dot moving back and forth over that path. The minimum interval between dot onsets yielding this apparent motion increased not with the direct distance between the dots but, linearly, with the length of the curved path.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shepard, R N -- Zare, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):632-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836307" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Motion ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Visual Perception
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  • 144
    Publication Date: 1983-02-18
    Description: [123I]Insulin was injected intravenously into rats and the distribution and kinetics of radioactivity were analyzed by external detection with a scintillation camera connected to a computer. When injected alone, [123I]insulin was rapidly taken up by the liver and to a smaller extent by the kidneys. After reaching a maximum at 3 to 5 minutes after injection, liver radioactivity rapidly declined and free iodide appeared in the plasma. After previous saturation of the insulin receptor compartment, [123I]insulin was concentrated by the kidneys only and the rate of appearance of free iodide was markedly decreased. The results demonstrate the potential usefulness of this noninvasive technique to visualize insulin interaction with the liver and kidneys and to study the rate of insulin degradation by each organ in vivo. Preliminary experiments in man demonstrate its feasibility and low radiotoxicity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sodoyez, J C -- Sodoyez-Goffaux, F -- Guillaume, M -- Merchie, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 18;219(4586):865-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6337399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Kidney/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Rats ; Tissue Distribution ; Urinary Bladder/metabolism
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  • 145
    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: Evaluation of three families with hereditary retinoblastoma demonstrates close linkage of the gene for this tumor with the genetic locus for esterase D. These results assign the gene for the hereditary form of retinoblastoma to band q14 on chromosome 13, the same region which is affected in the chromosome deletion form of this eye tumor, and therefore suggest a common underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis of these two forms of retinoblastoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sparkes, R S -- Murphree, A L -- Lingua, R W -- Sparkes, M C -- Field, L L -- Funderburk, S J -- Benedict, W F -- EY-02715/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD-04612/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-05615/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):971-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Esterases/genetics ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Retinoblastoma/*genetics
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  • 146
    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: Linkage analysis in families with apparent autosomal dominant reading disability produced a lod score of 3.241. Since the traditionally accepted significance level for linkage is a lod score of 3.0, these results strongly suggest that a gene playing a major etiologic role in one form of reading disability is on chromosome 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, S D -- Kimberling, W J -- Pennington, B F -- Lubs, H A -- R01 HD 13899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1345-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Dyslexia/*genetics ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Pedigree
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  • 147
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for the development of pulmonary emphysema, a disorder that may result from an imbalance between the elastase and antielastase levels in the lungs. Decreased functional alpha 1-protease inhibitor, an inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, might render smokers susceptible to elastase-catalyzed destruction of pulmonary elastic fibers and the development of emphysema. Binding and inactivation of isotopically labeled porcine pancreatic elastase and human neutrophil elastase by alpha 1-protease inhibitor were measured in fluid obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of volunteers. The inhibition of elastase-catalyzed solubilization of elastin and a tripeptide substrate were also determined. The mean level of functional alpha 1-protease inhibitor in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of smokers was found to be equal to or greater than that of nonsmokers, contradicting reports by other investigators. Increased elastase derived from pulmonary neutrophils, rather than decreased functional alpha 1-protease inhibitor, appears to be the main factor in the genesis of emphysema in smokers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, P J -- Calore, J D -- McGowan, S E -- Bernardo, J -- Snider, G L -- Franzblau, C -- HL-19717/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-25229/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1187-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Bronchi/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/*metabolism ; Pulmonary Alveoli/*metabolism ; *Smoking
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  • 148
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-01-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 28;219(4583):367-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dioxins/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Missouri
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  • 149
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: Electric fields were found to deform sickled erythrocytes. When the intensity of applied fields exceeded a threshold value, sickled erythrocytes transformed into a spherical shape. Prolonged application of the field usually caused hemolysis of erythrocytes. Deformation of red blood cells could be partly reversed if the field was turned off at an early stage. The cause of desickling may be the interaction of the field with the erythrocyte membrane and also with gelled intracellular hemoglobin S molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takashima, S -- Asakura, T -- HL-18226/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-20750/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836283" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*radiotherapy ; Erythrocyte Membrane/physiology ; Erythrocytes/*radiation effects ; Humans ; Membrane Potentials/radiation effects ; *Radio Waves
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  • 150
    Publication Date: 1983-04-08
    Description: The involvement of plasma fibronectin in phagocytosis of bacteria was investigated by testing the binding of fibronectin to several species of bacteria and by evaluating the ability of fibronectin to promote binding and endocytosis of two species of these bacteria by phagocytic cells. Fibronectin binds non-covalently to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and to yeast but did not appear to be necessary or sufficient for uptake of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium by several different phagocytic cell types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van de Water, L -- Destree, A T -- Hynes, R O -- R01CA17007/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 8;220(4593):201-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Endocytosis ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Mice ; Opsonin Proteins/physiology ; *Phagocytosis ; Rabbits ; Salmonella typhimurium/metabolism ; Sepsis/immunology ; Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism
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  • 151
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: Over a wide range of intensities, subjects were able to detect small differences in the intensity of a high-frequency band of noise that was presented with a relatively intense, complementary band-reject noise. This indicates that neither of two possible mechanisms for peripheral intensity coding, those based on timing and on spread of excitation, is necessary for the large dynamic range of human hearing. It is shown that the information available in the firing rate of a small number of nerve fibers can account for these data.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viemeister, N F -- NS12125/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1206-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Threshold ; *Discrimination (Psychology) ; Hearing/*physiology ; Humans
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  • 152
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Oral administration of ethanol, n-butanol, or t-butanol to mice 20 minutes before injection of carbon-14-labeled nitrosonornicotine inhibited the localization of radioactivity in bronchial and salivary duct epithelium and in the liver. Localization of radioactivity in the nasal epithelium and esophagus was not significantly reduced. These alcohols therefore may selectively inhibit tumor formation in three of the five sites where this carcinogen typically acts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waddell, W J -- Marlowe, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):51-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Butanol ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcohols/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Butanols/pharmacology ; Carcinogens/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Humans ; Liver/drug effects ; Lung/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Nitrosamines/*pharmacology ; Salivary Glands/drug effects ; Smoking ; tert-Butyl Alcohol
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  • 153
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watanabe, T -- Seiki, M -- Yoshida, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1178.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Deltaretrovirus ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Lymphoma ; *Retroviridae ; T-Lymphocytes ; *Terminology as Topic
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  • 154
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: The National Academy of Sciences elected 12, not 6, new foreign associates (News and Comment, 3 June, p. 1028). The remaining six are Kimishige Ishizaka (Japan), medicine and microbiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Ikuo Kushiro, petrology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Guido Pontecorvo (Italy). geneticist, Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories, London, United Kingdom; Kai M. Siegbahn, University of Uppsala, Uppsala. Sweden; John R. Vane, research and development, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Kent, United Kingdom: Douglas F. Waterhouse (retired), entomology. CSIRO, Deakin, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, G M -- Weisburger, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens/pharmacology ; Humans ; Risk
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  • 155
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolever, T M -- Jenkins, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):565-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus/*diet therapy ; *Diet, Diabetic ; Humans
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  • 156
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: After administration of tyrosine, total concentration of biopterin, the cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, was increased in the striatum, adrenal glands, and serum of rats, and in the serum of humans. Serum biopterin is lower in patients with Parkinson's disease than in normal controls. After oral administration of tyrosine, the increase in serum biopterin concentration was smaller in patients with Parkinson's disease (less than twofold) than in healthy controls (three-to sevenfold). These results suggest that tyrosine may have a regulatory role in biopterin biosynthesis and that patients with Parkinson's disease may have some abnormality in the regulation of biopterin biosynthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamaguchi, T -- Nagatsu, T -- Sugimoto, T -- Matsuura, S -- Kondo, T -- Iizuka, R -- Narabayashi, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849120" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Adrenal Glands/metabolism ; Alanine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Biopterin/*blood ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Humans ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Parkinson Disease/*blood ; Pteridines/*blood ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Time Factors ; Tyrosine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
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  • 157
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weill, H -- Diem, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1273-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Byssinosis/*etiology ; Humans ; Research
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  • 158
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: Pavlovian conditioning was used to teach rats an association between an arbitrary external cue and food. Presentation of the conditioned cue elicited feeding by sated animals. The meal constituted approximately 20 percent of daily intake, and it was compensated for by a reduction of subsequent intake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weingarten, H P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):431-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conditioning, Classical ; *Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; *Satiation ; Vagotomy
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  • 159
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: Dose-response studies of the inhibition of lipolysis by insulin in isolated human adipocytes were conducted with the use of a sensitive bioluminescent assay of glycerol release. The addition of glucose to the incubation medium was associated with an increase in insulin sensitivity and an increase in the maximum insulin effect. The results suggest that glucose plays an important role in regulating the antilipolytic action of insulin in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arner, P -- Bolinder, J -- Ostman, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1057-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6342138" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Lipolysis/*drug effects
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  • 160
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Burkitt lymphoma cells carrying either a rearranged or unrearranged c-myc oncogene were examined with the use of probes from the 5' exon and for the second and third exon of the oncogene. The results indicate that the normal c-myc gene on chromosome 8 and the 5' noncoding and 3' coding segments of the c-myc oncogene separated by the chromosomal translocation are under different transcriptional control in the lymphoma cells. Burkitt lymphoma cells carrying a translocated but unrearranged c-myc oncogene express normal c-myc transcripts. In contrast, lymphoma cells carrying a c-myc gene rearranged head to head with the immunoglobulin constant mu region gene express c-myc transcripts lacking the normal untranslated leader.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉ar-Rushdi, A -- Nishikura, K -- Erikson, J -- Watt, R -- Rovera, G -- Croce, C M -- CA09171/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6414084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Burkitt Lymphoma/*genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 19-20 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Operon ; Transcription, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 161
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: Inhibitory activity against the enzyme monoamine oxidase is present in low molecular weight fractions (less than 100,000) of human cerebrospinal fluid. These endogenous substances of different molecular weights (3000 to more than 35,000) act like monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs to inhibit both type A and type B monoamine oxidase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Becker, R E -- Giambalvo, C -- Fox, R A -- Macho, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):476-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/*physiology ; Chromatography, Gel ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/*isolation & purification ; Rats
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  • 162
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-01-21
    Description: Mechanical constraints appear to require that locomotion and breathing be synchronized in running mammals. Phase locking of limb and respiratory frequency has now been recorded during treadmill running in jackrabbits and during locomotion on solid ground in dogs, horses, and humans. Quadrupedal species normally synchronize the locomotor and respiratory cycles at a constant ratio of 1:1 (strides per breath) in both the trot and gallop. Human runners differ from quadrupeds in that while running they employ several phase-locked patterns (4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 5:2, and 3:2), although a 2:1 coupling ratio appears to be favored. Even though the evolution of bipedal gait has reduced the mechanical constraints on respiration in man, thereby permitting greater flexibility in breathing pattern, it has seemingly not eliminated the need for the synchronization of respiration and body motion during sustained running. Flying birds have independently achieved phase-locked locomotor and respiratory cycles. This hints that strict locomotor-respiratory coupling may be a vital factor in the sustained aerobic exercise of endothermic vertebrates, especially those in which the stresses of locomotion tend to deform the thoracic complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bramble, D M -- Carrier, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 21;219(4582):251-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Gait ; Horses ; Humans ; *Locomotion ; Mammals ; *Physical Exertion ; Rabbits ; *Respiration
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  • 163
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: The DNA's from two of four methylcholanthrene-induced mouse fibrosarcomas contained transforming genes that were identical in their pattern of restriction endonuclease resistance to inactivation of biologic activity. This transforming gene was identified as the activated homolog of the Kirsten murine sarcoma virus onc gene, v-kis. The finding that a defined carcinogen reproducibly leads to activation of kis as a transforming gene should be of value in elucidating the role of oncogenes in the neoplastic process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eva, A -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):955-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Fibrosarcoma/chemically induced/*genetics ; Humans ; Methylcholanthrene/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Oncogenes/*drug effects ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Transfection
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  • 164
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: The polymorphism of immune response genes plays a critical role in determining the immune capabilities of a particular individual. The molecular nature of this polymorphism was studied by examining the structure of the coding portions of three alleles of the I-A beta chain gene, an immune response gene whose protein product constitutes a subunit of the I-A molecule. Comparison of the I-A beta chains encoded by these alleles revealed an amino acid sequence divergence of 5 to 8 percent. The differences were found to be a series of short alterations clustered in the amino terminal half of the polypeptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Choi, E -- McIntyre, K -- Germain, R N -- Seidman, J G -- AI18436/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):283-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 165
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarkson, A B Jr -- Mellow, G H -- AI 19015-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1238-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6402816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chagas Disease/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Pregnancy ; Rheumatoid Factor/*immunology
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  • 166
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Comings, David E -- Nelson, J Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):506.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Risk ; Risk Assessment
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  • 167
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: A method was developed for the high-resolution measurement of breaks in prematurely condensed chromosomes at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The dose response for fragments (breaks) produced immediately after x-irradiation of confluent cultures of normal human cells was linear down to 10.9 rad (0.109 Gy) and extrapolated to zero effect at zero dose. The curve had a slope of 0.063 breaks per cell per rad, which is at least an order of magnitude greater than that for breaks scored in the same cells after they have progressed to mitosis following subculture. When incubated at 37 degrees C half of the breaks disappeared in 2 hours. A slower, perhaps nonrejoining component was apparent at later incubation times. The initial rate of break rejoining was similar to the rate of increase in survival after incubation because of the repair of potentially lethal damage and is also in close agreement with recently reported values for the rejoining of double-strand breakage in DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cornforth, M N -- Bedford, J S -- CA 18023/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1141-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6648528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human/*radiation effects/ultrastructure ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/ultrastructure ; Interphase ; Mitosis ; Mutation/*radiation effects ; X-Rays
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  • 168
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: Great emphasis is being placed on identification of neurotransmitter systems involved in the symptomatic manifestations of neurological and psychiatric disorders. In the case of Alzheimer's disease, which now seems to be one of the most common causes of mental deterioration in the elderly, compelling evidence has been developed that acetylcholine-releasing neurons, whose cell bodies lie in the basal forebrain, selectively degenerate. These cholinergic neurons provide widespread innervation of the cerebral cortex and related structures and appear to play an important role in cognitive functions, especially memory. These advances reflect a close interaction between experimental and clinical neuroscientists in which information derived from basic neurobiology is rapidly utilized to analyze disorders of the human brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coyle, J T -- Price, D L -- DeLong, M R -- NS 07179/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15721/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1184-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*physiopathology ; Behavior ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Cholinergic Fibers/*physiopathology ; Cognition ; Dementia/*physiopathology ; Hippocampus/physiopathology ; Humans
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  • 169
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, Barbara J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1029.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; Ethics Committees ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Federal Government ; Financial Support ; *Fraud ; Government ; Government Regulation ; Human Experimentation ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Social Control, Formal ; Universities
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  • 170
    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: The locus for the cellular myc (c-myc) oncogene in humans is located on the region of chromosome 8 that is translocated to chromosome 14 in cells from most undifferentiated B-cell lymphomas. It is shown in this study that the c-myc locus is rearranged in 5 out of 15 cell lines from patients with undifferentiated B-cell lymphomas, and that the rearrangement involves a region at the 5' side of an apparently intact c-myc gene. In at least three patients, this rearranged region appears to contain immunoglobulin heavy chain mu sequences that are located on chromosome 14. The data indicate that this region contains the crossover point between chromosomes 8 and 14. The break point can occur at different positions on both chromosomes among individual cell lines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalla-Favera, R -- Martinotti, S -- Gallo, R C -- Erikson, J -- Croce, C M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):963-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6401867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Lymphoma/*genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Recombination, Genetic
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  • 171
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1381.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6572417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Advisory Committees ; Behavior Control ; *Ethics, Medical ; *Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Religion ; United States
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  • 172
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: The utility of somatic cell genetic analysis for the chromosomal localization of genes in mammals is well established. With the development of recombinant DNA probes and efficient blotting techniques that allow visualization of single-copy cellular genes, somatic cell genetics has been extended from the level of phenotypes expressed by whole cells to the level of the cellular genome itself. This extension has proved invaluable for the analysis of genes not readily expressed in somatic cell hybrids and for the study of multigene families, especially pseudogenes dispersed in different chromosomes throughout the genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉D'Eustachio, P -- Ruddle, F H -- GM-09966/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):919-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6573776" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Genes ; Genetic Markers ; Genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
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  • 173
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):437.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; France ; Hepatitis B/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Viral Vaccines/*adverse effects
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  • 174
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: Along with homosexual men, Haitians, and intravenous drug abusers, hemophiliacs are at high risk of contracting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). An earlier study revealed that 36 percent of a group of the AIDS patients had antibodies to cell membrane antigens associated with the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-MA), whereas only 1.2 percent of matched asymptomatic homosexual controls had these antibodies. In the present experiments, serum samples from 172 asymptomatic hemophiliacs were examined for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-MA. Such antibodies were detected in 5 to 19 percent of the hemophiliacs examined from four geographical locations, but in only 1 percent or less of laboratory workers, normal blood donors, donors on hemodialysis, or donors with chronic active hepatitis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Essex, M -- McLane, M F -- Lee, T H -- Tachibana, N -- Mullins, J I -- Kreiss, J -- Kasper, C K -- Poon, M C -- Landay, A -- Stein, S F -- Francis, D P -- Cabradilla, C -- Lawrence, D N -- Evatt, B L -- 2-T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 18216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1061-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6603659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antigens, Surface/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Hemophilia A/immunology/*microbiology ; Humans ; Leukemia/*microbiology ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; *T-Lymphocytes
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  • 175
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Antiserum to a synthetic peptide corresponding to the carboxyl-terminus of the human c-myc protein immunoprecipitated a 48,000-dalton protein from a number of normal and malignant human and mouse cells. The size of the protein is consistent with the potential coding region predicted from the c-myc nucleotide sequence, and is the same for malignant cells carrying either a rearranged or an unrearranged c-myc oncogene. Because c-myc transcripts are expressed at higher levels in malignant than in normal B cells, it appears that an increased level of the c-myc protein rather than a change in the gene product is the relevant factor in determining transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Giallongo, A -- Appella, E -- Ricciardi, R -- Rovera, G -- Croce, C M -- CA10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA25685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):430-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6604943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Burkitt Lymphoma/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Peptide Fragments/immunology ; Proteins/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Transformation, Genetic
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  • 176
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Class III genes require multiple cellular factors for transcription by RNA polymerase III; these genes form stable transcription complexes, which in the case of Xenopus 5S genes are correlated with differential expression in vivo. The minimal number and identity of the factors required to form both stable and metastable complexes on three class III genes (encoding, respectively, 5S RNA, transfer RNA, and adenovirus VA RNA species) were determined. Stable complex formation requires one common factor, whose recognition site was analyzed, and either no additional factors (the VA gene), a second common factor (the transfer RNA gene), or a third gene-specific factor (the 5S gene). The mechanism of stable complex formation and its relevance to transcriptional regulation were examined in light of the various factors and the promoter sequences recognized by these factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lassar, A B -- Martin, P L -- Roeder, R G -- CA 24223/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 24891/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):740-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*genetics ; Eukaryotic Cells/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Humans ; Operon ; RNA Polymerase III/*genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; RNA, Transfer/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 177
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Cloned myosin heavy chain DNA probes from rat and human were hybridized to restriction endonuclease digests of genomic DNA from somatic cell hybrids and their parental cells. The mouse myosin heavy chain genes detectable by this assay were located on chromosome 11, and three different human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes were mapped to the short arm of chromosome 17. A synteny between myosin heavy chain and two unrelated markers, thymidine kinase and galactokinase, was found to be preserved in the rodent and human genomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leinwand, L A -- Fournier, R E -- Nadal-Ginard, B -- Shows, T B -- GM26449/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM29090/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM31281/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):766-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879174" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Mice ; Myosins/*genetics
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  • 178
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-02-11
    Description: Human insulin produced by recombinant DNA technology is the first commercial health care product derived from this technology. Work on this product was initiated before there were federal guidelines for large-scale recombinant DNA work or commercial development of recombinant DNA products. The steps taken to facilitate acceptance of large-scale work and proof of the identity and safety of such a product are described. While basic studies in recombinant DNA technology will continue to have a profound impact on research in the life sciences, commercial applications may well be controlled by economic conditions and the availability of investment capital.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, I S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 11;219(4585):632-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6337396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Drug Industry ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Insulin/*genetics
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  • 179
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lijinsky, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):810.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879178" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens/classification ; Humans ; Risk
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  • 180
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: Exposure to competitive mental tasks significantly reduced the urinary sodium and fluid excreted by young men with one or two hypertensive parents or with borderline hypertension. In this high-risk group, the degree of retention was directly related to the magnitude of heart rate increase during stress, suggesting common mediation by way of the sympathetic nervous system. Thus, psychological stress appears to induce changes in renal excretory functions that may play a critical role in long-term blood pressure regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Light, K C -- Koepke, J P -- Obrist, P A -- Willis, P W 4th -- HL-01096/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-18976/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-23718/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension/etiology/*physiopathology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Male ; Risk ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/metabolism/*physiopathology ; *Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 181
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Placental and fetal tissues from 46 human pregnancies were cultured and cytogenetically analyzed in an attempt to document the existence of chromosomal mosaicism confined strictly to tissues of extraembryonic origin. In two gestations in which chromosomal mosaicism was found, it was expressed exclusively in placental chorionic cells and was not detected in cells derived from the embryo proper. This demonstration of confined chorionic mosaicism may have implications for the understanding of the fetoplacental unit and for prenatal diagnosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalousek, D K -- Dill, F J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):665-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnion/physiology ; Chorion/physiology ; Chromosomes, Human ; Female ; Fetal Blood/physiology ; Fetal Growth Retardation/genetics ; Fetus/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; *Mosaicism ; Placenta/*physiology ; Pregnancy
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  • 182
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: One of two mouse monoclonal antibodies (LK2H10) produced by hybridoma technology against a human endocrine tumor (pheochromocytoma) demonstrated specific immunoreactivity for 69 normal and neoplastic endocrine and tissues known to contain secretory granules. This immunoreactivity was specific, since other normal tissues, tumors from endocrine cells without granules, and tumors from other nonendocrine tissues were negative when tested with antibody LK2H10. The antibody reacted with human fetal adrenal medulla and human pancreatic endocrine cells and with adrenal medullary cells from monkeys and pigs. The antigen detected by antibody LK2H10 is associated with cytoplasmic secretory granules, has an estimated molecular weight of 68,000, and may be related to human chromogranin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, R V -- Wilson, B S -- 1K04-CA 00845-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):628-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology ; Chromogranin A ; Chromogranins/immunology ; Cytoplasmic Granules/immunology ; Endocrine Glands/*immunology ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Pheochromocytoma/*immunology
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  • 183
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: Early morning insomnia, a significant increase in wakefulness during the final hours of drug nights, occurred after 1 or 2 weeks of nightly administration of benzodiazepine hypnotics with short elimination half-lives, when tolerance had begun to develop. Early morning insomnia may be a variant of rebound insomnia and therefore specific to benzodiazepines, or it may occur with any rapidly eliminated sedative-hypnotic agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kales, A -- Soldatos, C R -- Bixler, E O -- Kales, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):95-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6131538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Anxiety Agents/*adverse effects/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Benzodiazepines/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Flurazepam/therapeutic use ; Half-Life ; Humans ; Midazolam ; Sleep/drug effects ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy/*etiology ; Triazolam/adverse effects/therapeutic use
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  • 184
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: Increases in penile circumference during sleep-related erections in human subjects closely reflected increases in penile blood flow, and bursts of activity in the bulbocavernosus and ischiocavernosus muscles were temporally related to these increases. The penile arterial system and the perineal muscles appear to have important coordinated roles in human penile erection. Monitoring sleep-related erections and penile blood flow holds promise for the study of erectile mechanisms and dysfunction and for screening of drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karacan, I -- Aslan, C -- Hirshkowitz, M -- AG02414-03/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1080-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Electroencephalography ; Electromyography ; Electrooculography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Penis/blood supply/*physiology ; Sleep/physiology
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  • 185
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: With hemodialysis patients, a high serum ferritin before there was serological evidence of hepatitis B virus infection increased the likelihood that the infection would be persistent. This finding suggested that hepatitis B virus is likely to infect and actively replicate in liver cells with the propensity for increased ferritin synthesis. The virus itself could stimulate the synthesis of ferritin in a cyclic positive feedback mechanism that increases intracellular ferritin concentration and, eventually, intracellular iron. Transformed liver cells have low iron content, do not replicate hepatitis B virus, and require iron for growth. Infected, nonmalignant liver cells could supply iron to the transformed cells and nourish their expansion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lustbader, E D -- Hann, H W -- Blumberg, B S -- CA-06551/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-22780/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR-05539/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):423-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology ; Carrier State/blood ; Female ; Ferritins/*blood ; Hepatitis B/*blood/complications ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Humans ; Iron/blood ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Transferrin/analysis
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  • 186
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-01-28
    Description: Human simple reaction times and magnitude estimates of taste intensity increased as the duration of 500-millimolar sodium chloride or 2-millimolar saccharin sodium pulses lengthened from 100 to 1000 milliseconds. Responses to "What was the taste?" ranged from 94 to 100 percent "sweet" for saccharin and 68 to 83 percent "salty" for salt across all pulse durations when both substances were randomized with water pulses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelling, S T -- Halpern, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 28;219(4583):412-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Saccharin ; Sodium Chloride ; Taste/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 187
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-09-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 30;221(4618):1362-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6604316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; *Immunity ; Interleukin-2/physiology ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Lymphokines/*physiology ; Macrophages/immunology
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  • 188
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):36-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; Dioxins/adverse effects ; *Government Agencies ; Humans ; Policy Making ; Trichloroethylene/adverse effects ; United States ; *United States Environmental Protection Agency
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  • 189
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):158-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Chromosomes/*drug effects ; Dna ; Free Radicals ; Humans ; Oxygen
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  • 190
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):42-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/*transmission ; Blood Transfusion/adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemophilia A/*complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy
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  • 191
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: The electrical activity of macrophages derived from human blood monocytes was recorded in vitro with intracellular microelectrodes and was analyzed with computer-assisted data acquisition and analysis techniques. In cells impaled 6 to 8 days after the cultures were prepared, the resting potentials reached a maximum value of -72 millivolts. The cells were electrically excitable; spikes exhibited a slow upstroke, a fast downstroke, a discrete threshold, a large overshoot, and a brief undershoot. Repetitive firing was induced by a maintained depolarizing current. A positive relation was observed between transmembrane currents and resting potential. Voltage-current relations were nonrectifying for subthreshold current injections. Since these cells had not been treated with any specific activation factors, the electrical activity recorded is evidence for the presence of voltage-dependent inward and outward currents in the membranes of mature macrophages. The electrical signals generated by these cells may be useful for the assay of sensor and effector functions of macrophages, such as chemotaxis, receptor-ligand interactions, and phagocytosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCann, F V -- Cole, J J -- Guyre, P M -- Russell, J A -- AM0535/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- BRSG05392/RS/DRS NIH HHS/ -- CA17323/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):991-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Monocytes/cytology
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  • 192
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: The kidney, and to a slight extent the liver, of human fetuses were found to synthesize and secrete the alpha subunit common to glycoprotein hormones. Fetal lung and muscle did not synthesize this protein. Since fetal kidney and liver were previously found to synthesize beta chorionic gonadotropin, their ability to synthesize bioactive chorionic gonadotropin was also determined. The newly synthesized hormone bound to mouse Leydig cells and elicited a biological response: namely, the synthesis of testosterone. These results suggest that the human fetus may participate in metabolic homeostasis during its development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGregor, W G -- Kuhn, R W -- Jaffe, R B -- HD08478/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6682243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*biosynthesis ; Fetus/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney/embryology ; Leydig Cells/metabolism ; Liver/embryology ; Luteinizing Hormone/biosynthesis ; Male ; Mice ; Placenta/metabolism ; Testosterone/biosynthesis
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  • 193
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Female macaque monkeys self-administered high doses of alcohol (2.9 to 4.4 grams per kilogram per day) for 3 to 6 1/2 months. Amenorrhea, atrophy of the uterus, decreased ovarian mass, and significant depression of luteinizing hormone levels were associated with chronic alcohol intoxication. Reproductive system failure in female primates following self-induced dependence on alcohol parallels the results of clinical studies of alcoholic women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mello, N K -- Bree, M P -- Mendelson, J H -- Ellingboe, J -- King, N W -- Sehgal, P -- AA 04368/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- RR-00168-21/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867739" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcoholism/*physiopathology ; Amenorrhea/chemically induced ; Animals ; Ethanol/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Macaca ; Menstruation/drug effects ; Ovary/drug effects ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/drug effects ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Uterus/drug effects
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  • 194
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Compared to nonpregnant controls, pregnant mice injected with phenobarbital had lower concentrations of the drug in the plasma but equivalent concentrations in the brain. In spite of the similar concentrations in the brain, the behavioral response to phenobarbital was greater for pregnant than nonpregnant mice. These results suggest that the concentration of phenobarbital in the plasma, which is commonly used as a basis for adjusting phenobarbital dosage during pregnancy, is not an appropriate indicator of the dynamics of the drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Middaugh, L D -- Zemp, J W -- Boggan, W O -- AA03532/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- DA00041/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA01750/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):534-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836299" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Phenobarbital/analysis/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Pregnancy/drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 195
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Centrally administered alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone is much more potent in reducing fever than the widely used antipyretic acetaminophen. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endogenous neuropeptide has a role in the limitation of fever and suggests that it may be clinically useful as an antipyretic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, M T -- Richards, D B -- Lipton, J M -- NS 10046/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):192-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaminophen/pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*pharmacology ; Body Temperature/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fever/drug therapy ; Humans ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/*pharmacology ; Rabbits
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  • 196
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelkin, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Occupational Diseases/*prevention & control/psychology ; Occupational Medicine ; Risk
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  • 197
    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: To ascertain whether Huntington's chorea and schizophrenia are associated with specific regional alterations in neurotensin, somatostatin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone, the concentrations of these putative neurotransmitters were measured by radioimmunoassay in postmortem brain samples from patients with Huntington's chorea or schizophrenia. Compared to 50 patients without psychiatric or neurological disease, the patients with Huntington's chorea showed significantly elevated concentrations of all three neuropeptides in the nucleus caudatus. In the nucleus accumbens somatostatin levels were increased threefold, while in the amygdala thyrotropin-releasing hormone levels were elevated. In contrast, the schizophrenics exhibited reduced levels of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in two frontal cortical regions, reduced somatostatin levels in one frontal cortical area, and increased neurotensin levels in one frontal cortical area. None of the differences between the diseased brains and the controls could be accounted for by differences in age, sex, or time between death and autopsy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nemeroff, C B -- Youngblood, W W -- Manberg, P J -- Prange, A J Jr -- Kizer, J S -- MH-32316/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-33127/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-34121/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):972-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6136092" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*metabolism ; Male ; Neurotensin/metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*metabolism ; Somatostatin/metabolism ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism
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  • 198
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 21;222(4621):310-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antineoplastic Agents/*administration & dosage ; Endocytosis ; Humans ; Toxins, Biological/administration & dosage
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  • 199
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: Three types of tumors termed plasmacytomas (ABPC's), lymphosarcomas (ABLS's), and plasmacytoid lymphosarcomas (ABPL's) arise in BALB/c mice treated with pristane and Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV). While most ABPC's and BLS's contain integrated A-MuLV proviral genome and synthesize the v-abl RNA, most ABPL's do not. The ABPL tumors were examined for the expression of other oncogenes that may be associated with their transformed state, in the absence of transforming virus. These tumors expressed abundant c-myb RNA of unusually large size and showed DNA rearrangements of the c-myb locus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mushinski, J F -- Potter, M -- Bauer, S R -- Reddy, E P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):795-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6687762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abelson murine leukemia virus/genetics ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; *Oncogenes ; Plasmacytoma/genetics ; RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 200
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Ethyl alcohol produced graded contractile responses in rat cerebral arterioles and venules in vivo and in isolated canine basilar and middle cerebral arteries at a concentration range (10 to 500 milligrams per deciliter) which parallels that needed for its graded effects of euphoria, mental haziness, muscular incoordination, stupor, and coma in humans. Two specific calcium antagonists, nimodipine and verapamil, prevented or reversed the alcohol-induced cerebrovasospasm and thus may prove valuable in treating the hypertension and stroke observed in heavy users of alcohol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altura, B M -- Altura, B T -- Gebrewold, A -- DA02339/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- HL29600/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):331-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Arteries/drug effects ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/*chemically induced ; Death, Sudden/*etiology ; Dogs ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient/*chemically induced ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Vasoconstriction/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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