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  • Models, Biological  (77)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (77)
  • Cell Press
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • PANGAEA
  • Springer Nature
  • 2005-2009  (77)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2005  (77)
  • 1949
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (77)
  • Cell Press
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • PANGAEA
    • +
Years
  • 2005-2009  (77)
  • 1945-1949
Year
  • 1
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    Ecological change, group territoriality, and population dynamics in Serengeti lions (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: Territorial behavior is expected to buffer populations against short-term environmental perturbations, but we have found that group living in African lions causes a complex response to long-term ecological change. Despite numerous gradual changes in prey availability and vegetative cover, regional populations of Serengeti lions remained stable for 10- to 20-year periods and only shifted to new equilibria in sudden leaps. Although gradually improving environmental conditions provided sufficient resources to permit the subdivision of preexisting territories, regional lion populations did not expand until short-term conditions supplied enough prey to generate large cohorts of surviving young. The results of a simulation model show that the observed pattern of "saltatory equilibria" results from the lions' grouping behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Packer, Craig -- Hilborn, Ray -- Mosser, Anna -- Kissui, Bernard -- Borner, Markus -- Hopcraft, Grant -- Wilmshurst, John -- Mduma, Simon -- Sinclair, Anthony R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. packer@cbs.umn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Antelopes ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; *Lions/physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Plants ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Social Behavior ; Stochastic Processes ; Tanzania ; *Territoriality
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Chromatic adaptation of photosynthetic membranes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-16
    Description: Many biological membranes adapt in response to environmental conditions. We investigated how the composition and architecture of photosynthetic membranes of a bacterium change in response to light, using atomic force microscopy. Despite large modifications in the membrane composition, the local environment of core complexes remained unaltered, whereas specialized paracrystalline light-harvesting antenna domains grew under low-light conditions. Thus, the protein mixture in the membrane shows eutectic behavior and can be mimicked by a simple model. Such structural adaptation ensures efficient photon capture under low-light conditions and prevents photodamage under high-light conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheuring, Simon -- Sturgis, James N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 15;309(5733):484-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Curie, Unite Mixte de Recherche-CNRS 168, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. simon.scheuring@curie.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020739" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Bacterial Chromatophores/*chemistry/*ultrastructure ; Bacteriochlorophylls/analysis ; Computer Simulation ; Crystallization ; *Light ; Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes/analysis/*chemistry ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Models, Biological ; Monte Carlo Method ; *Photosynthesis ; Protein Subunits/analysis ; Rhodospirillum/chemistry/growth & development/*physiology/*ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    An entomopathogenic fungus for control of adult African malaria mosquitoes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: Biological control of malaria mosquitoes in Africa has rarely been used in vector control programs. Recent developments in this field show that certain fungi are virulent to adult Anopheles mosquitoes. Practical delivery of an entomopathogenic fungus that infected and killed adult Anopheles gambiae, Africa's main malaria vector, was achieved in rural African village houses. An entomological inoculation rate model suggests that implementation of this vector control method, even at the observed moderate coverage during a field study in Tanzania, would significantly reduce malaria transmission intensity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scholte, Ernst-Jan -- Ng'habi, Kija -- Kihonda, Japheth -- Takken, Willem -- Paaijmans, Krijn -- Abdulla, Salim -- Killeen, Gerry F -- Knols, Bart G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1641-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Post Office Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Culex/microbiology/physiology ; Female ; Housing ; *Hypocreales/pathogenicity/physiology ; Insect Vectors/*microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Longevity ; Malaria/prevention & control/transmission ; Male ; *Mitosporic Fungi/pathogenicity/physiology ; Models, Biological ; *Pest Control, Biological ; Plasmodium ; Spores, Fungal ; Tanzania
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    Achieving stability of lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB activation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-17
    Description: The activation dynamics of the transcription factor NF-kappaB exhibit damped oscillatory behavior when cells are stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) but stable behavior when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) causes activation of NF-kappaB that requires two downstream pathways, each of which when isolated exhibits damped oscillatory behavior. Computational modeling of the two TLR4-dependent signaling pathways suggests that one pathway requires a time delay to establish early anti-phase activation of NF-kappaB by the two pathways. The MyD88-independent pathway required Inferon regulatory factor 3-dependent expression of TNFalpha to activate NF-kappaB, and the time required for TNFalpha synthesis established the delay.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Covert, Markus W -- Leung, Thomas H -- Gaston, Jahlionais E -- Baltimore, David -- GM039458-21/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1854-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/deficiency/physiology ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/physiology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Computer Simulation ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; I-kappa B Kinase ; I-kappa B Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; Kinetics ; Lipopolysaccharides/*immunology/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/deficiency/metabolism/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Time Factors ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Transcription Factors/genetics/physiology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 5
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    Cryo-electron tomography reveals the cytoskeletal structure of Spiroplasma melliferum (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: Evidence has accumulated recently that not only eukaryotes but also bacteria can have a cytoskeleton. We used cryo-electron tomography to study the three-dimensional structure of Spiroplasma melliferum cells in a close-to-native state at approximately 4-nanometer resolution. We showed that these cells possess two types of filaments arranged in three parallel ribbons underneath the cell membrane. These two filamentous structures are built of the fibril protein and possibly the actin-like protein MreB. On the basis of our structural data, we could model the motility modes of these cells and explain how helical Mollicutes can propel themselves by means of coordinated length changes of their cytoskeletal ribbons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kurner, Julia -- Frangakis, Achilleas S -- Baumeister, Wolfgang -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):436-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/analysis ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Membrane/ultrastructure ; Computer Simulation ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Cytoskeleton/chemistry/*ultrastructure ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Models, Biological ; Movement ; Spiroplasma/chemistry/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Tomography
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Phenotypic diversity, population growth, and information in fluctuating environments (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: Organisms in fluctuating environments must constantly adapt their behavior to survive. In clonal populations, this may be achieved through sensing followed by response or through the generation of diversity by stochastic phenotype switching. Here we show that stochastic switching can be favored over sensing when the environment changes infrequently. The optimal switching rates then mimic the statistics of environmental changes. We derive a relation between the long-term growth rate of the organism and the information available about its fluctuating environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kussell, Edo -- Leibler, Stanislas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):2075-8. Epub 2005 Aug 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Living Matter and Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 34, New York, NY 10021-6399, USA. kussele@rockefeller.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123265" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; *Biological Evolution ; Cues ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Genetic Variation ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; *Phenotype ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Reproduction ; Stochastic Processes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    The molecular requirements for cytokinesis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-19
    Description: After anaphase onset, animal cells build an actomyosin contractile ring that constricts the plasma membrane to generate two daughter cells connected by a cytoplasmic bridge. The bridge is ultimately severed to complete cytokinesis. Myriad techniques have been used to identify proteins that participate in cytokinesis in vertebrates, insects, and nematodes. A conserved core of about 20 proteins are individually involved with cytokinesis in most animal cells. These components are found in the contractile ring, on the central spindle, within the RhoA pathway, and on vesicles that expand the membrane and sever the bridge. Cytokinesis involves additional proteins, but they, or their requirement in cytokinesis, are not conserved among animal cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glotzer, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1735-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Dr. BohrGasse 7, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. mglotzer@imp.univie.ac.at〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/physiology ; Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism ; *Cytokinesis/genetics ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/*metabolism ; Genes ; Membrane Fusion/physiology ; Microtubules/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Myosins/metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Spindle Apparatus/physiology ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology meeting. With flippers, two can equal four (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):346-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Extremities/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Reptiles/*physiology ; *Robotics ; *Swimming
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Evolution. Is invariance across animal species just an illusion? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Jong, Gerdien -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Evolutionary Population Biology Group, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. g.dejong@bio.uu.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Body Size ; Disorders of Sex Development ; *Growth ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Regression Analysis ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    On the regulation of populations of mammals, birds, fish, and insects (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: A key unresolved question in population ecology concerns the relationship between a population's size and its growth rate. We estimated this relationship for 1780 time series of mammals, birds, fish, and insects. We found that rates of population growth are high at low population densities but, contrary to previous predictions, decline rapidly with increasing population size and then flatten out, for all four taxa. This produces a strongly concave relationship between a population's growth rate and its size. These findings have fundamental implications for our understanding of animals' lives, suggesting in particular that many animals in these taxa will be found living at densities above the carrying capacity of their environments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sibly, Richard M -- Barker, Daniel -- Denham, Michael C -- Hone, Jim -- Pagel, Mark -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):607-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK. r.m.sibly@reading.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild ; *Birds ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fishes ; *Insects ; Logistic Models ; *Mammals ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Regression Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Multiple causes of high extinction risk in large mammal species (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-23
    Description: Many large animal species have a high risk of extinction. This is usually thought to result simply from the way that species traits associated with vulnerability, such as low reproductive rates, scale with body size. In a broad-scale analysis of extinction risk in mammals, we find two additional patterns in the size selectivity of extinction risk. First, impacts of both intrinsic and environmental factors increase sharply above a threshold body mass around 3 kilograms. Second, whereas extinction risk in smaller species is driven by environmental factors, in larger species it is driven by a combination of environmental factors and intrinsic traits. Thus, the disadvantages of large size are greater than generally recognized, and future loss of large mammal biodiversity could be far more rapid than expected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardillo, Marcel -- Mace, Georgina M -- Jones, Kate E -- Bielby, Jon -- Bininda-Emonds, Olaf R P -- Sechrest, Wes -- Orme, C David L -- Purvis, Andy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1239-41. Epub 2005 Jul 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK. m.cardillo@imperial.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16037416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; *Body Size ; Body Weight ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Female ; Homing Behavior ; Humans ; *Mammals/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal ; Regression Analysis ; Risk ; Weaning
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Stimulus specificity of gene expression programs determined by temporal control of IKK activity (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-17
    Description: A small number of mammalian signaling pathways mediate a myriad of distinct physiological responses to diverse cellular stimuli. Temporal control of the signaling module that contains IkappaB kinase (IKK), its substrate inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaB), and the key inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB can allow for selective gene activation. We have demonstrated that different inflammatory stimuli induce distinct IKK profiles, and we examined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-induced IKK activity was rapidly attenuated by negative feedback, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signaling and LPS-specific gene expression programs were dependent on a cytokine-mediated positive feedback mechanism. Thus, the distinct biological responses to LPS and TNFalpha depend on signaling pathway-specific mechanisms that regulate the temporal profile of IKK activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Werner, Shannon L -- Barken, Derren -- Hoffmann, Alexander -- GM071573/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM72024/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1857-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mailcode 0375, La Jolla, CA 92093-0375, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Autocrine Communication ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Computer Simulation ; Cytokines/genetics ; Feedback, Physiological ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; I-kappa B Kinase ; I-kappa B Proteins/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology/metabolism/pharmacology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; NF-kappa B/deficiency/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Transcriptional Activation ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/deficiency/immunology/metabolism/pharmacology
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  • 13
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    PDK1 nucleates T cell receptor-induced signaling complex for NF-kappaB activation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-02
    Description: Activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB after engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR) is important for T cell proliferation and activation during the adaptive immune response. Recent reports have elucidated a signaling pathway that involves the protein kinase C (PKC), the scaffold protein CARD11 (also called CARMA-1), the caspase recruitment domain (CARD)-containing protein Bcl10, and the paracaspase (protease related to caspases) MALT1 as critical intermediates linking the TCR to the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex. However, the events proximal to the TCR that initiate the activation of this signaling pathway remain poorly defined. We demonstrate that 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) has an essential role in this pathway by regulating the activation of PKC and through signal-dependent recruiting of both PKC and CARD11 to lipid rafts. PDK1-associated PKC recruits the IKK complex, whereas PDK1-associated CARD11 recruits the Bcl10-MALT1 complex, thereby allowing activation of the IKK complex through Bcl10-MALT1-dependent ubiquitination of the IKK complex subunit known as NEMO (NF-kappaB essential modifier). Hence, PDK1 plays a critical role by nucleating the TCR-induced NF-kappaB activation pathway in T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Ki-Young -- D'Acquisto, Fulvio -- Hayden, Matthew S -- Shim, Jae-Hyuck -- Ghosh, Sankar -- R37 AI033443/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37-AI33443/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 1;308(5718):114-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Immunobiology and Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15802604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Caspases ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enzyme Activation ; Guanylate Cyclase/metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase ; Isoenzymes/genetics/*metabolism ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/metabolism ; Membrane Microdomains/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/enzymology/immunology/*metabolism ; Transfection
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    Integration of spatial and temporal information during floral induction in Arabidopsis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-16
    Description: Flowering of Arabidopsis is regulated by several environmental and endogenous signals. An important integrator of these inputs is the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene, which encodes a small, possibly mobile protein. A primary response to floral induction is the activation of FT RNA expression in leaves. Because flowers form at a distant site, the shoot apex, these data suggest that FT primarily controls the timing of flowering. Integration of temporal and spatial information is mediated in part by the bZIP transcription factor FD, which is already expressed at the shoot apex before floral induction. A complex of FT and FD proteins in turn can activate floral identity genes such as APETALA1 (AP1).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wigge, Philip A -- Kim, Min Chul -- Jaeger, Katja E -- Busch, Wolfgang -- Schmid, Markus -- Lohmann, Jan U -- Weigel, Detlef -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1056-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. philip.wigge@bbsrc.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Flowers/*growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; MADS Domain Proteins ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Phenotype ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Plant Shoots/metabolism ; Protein Interaction Mapping ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Time Factors ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Epidemiology. Drugs, quarantine might stop a pandemic before it starts (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 5;309(5736):870-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16081714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetamides/*therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/*therapeutic use ; Computer Simulation ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; Global Health ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/*prevention & control ; Models, Biological ; Oseltamivir ; Thailand/epidemiology
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    Cell biology. Twists in the tale of the aging yeast (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rine, Jasper -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 18;310(5751):1124-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. jrine@berkeley.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16293743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/*genetics ; Caloric Restriction ; Cell Aging/genetics ; Cell Division/genetics/physiology ; DNA, Fungal ; DNA, Ribosomal ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Histone Deacetylases/*genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Recombination, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces ; cerevisiae/*genetics/physiology ; Sirtuin 2 ; Sirtuins/*genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Ecology. Untangling an entangled bank (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Storch, David -- Marquet, Pablo A -- Gaston, Kevin J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):684-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University, 110 00-CZ Praha 1, Czech Republic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fractals ; Models, Biological ; Plants ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Stochastic Processes ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Plant sciences. Plant genes on steroids (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sablowski, Robert -- Harberd, Nicholas P -- BBS/E/J/00000594/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1569-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK. robert.sablowski@bbsrc.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Models, Biological ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Plant Growth Regulators/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Steroid Hydroxylases/genetics ; Steroids/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Diabetes, obesity, and the brain (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: Recent evidence suggests a key role for the brain in the control of both body fat content and glucose metabolism. Neuronal systems that regulate energy intake, energy expenditure, and endogenous glucose production sense and respond to input from hormonal and nutrient-related signals that convey information regarding both body energy stores and current energy availability. In response to this input, adaptive changes occur that promote energy homeostasis and the maintenance of blood glucose levels in the normal range. Defects in this control system are implicated in the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, Michael W -- Porte, Daniel Jr -- DK52989/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK683840/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- NS32273/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):375-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98110, USA. mschwart@u.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin/genetics/metabolism ; Lipodystrophy/physiopathology ; Models, Biological ; Neurons/physiology ; Obesity/etiology/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Receptor, Insulin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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    Sequence-directed DNA translocation by purified FtsK (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: DNA translocases are molecular motors that move rapidly along DNA using adenosine triphosphate as the source of energy. We directly observed the movement of purified FtsK, an Escherichia coli translocase, on single DNA molecules. The protein moves at 5 kilobases per second and against forces up to 60 piconewtons, and locally reverses direction without dissociation. On three natural substrates, independent of its initial binding position, FtsK efficiently translocates over long distances to the terminal region of the E. coli chromosome, as it does in vivo. Our results imply that FtsK is a bidirectional motor that changes direction in response to short, asymmetric directing DNA sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pease, Paul J -- Levy, Oren -- Cost, Gregory J -- Gore, Jeff -- Ptacin, Jerod L -- Sherratt, David -- Bustamante, Carlos -- Cozzarelli, Nicholas R -- GM07232-27/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM08295-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM31657/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM32543/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):586-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Bacteriophage lambda ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Bacterial ; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry/*metabolism ; DNA, Superhelical/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/chemistry/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Motor Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Conformation
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    Cell biology. Ras on the roundabout (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meder, Doris -- Simons, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1731-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany. meder@mpi-cbg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acylation ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Dogs ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Genes, ras ; Golgi Apparatus/*metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Palmitic Acid/metabolism ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/chemistry/*metabolism ; ras Proteins
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    Ecology. Do the largest protected areas conserve whales or whalers? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerber, Leah R -- Hyrenbach, K David -- Zacharias, Mark A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):525-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Faculty of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA. Leah.Gerber@asu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration ; Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Models, Biological ; Oceans and Seas ; Population Density ; Population Growth ; *Public Policy ; *Whales
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    Chitin induces natural competence in Vibrio cholerae (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-17
    Description: The mosaic-structured Vibrio cholerae genome points to the importance of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the evolution of this human pathogen. We showed that V. cholerae can acquire new genetic material by natural transformation during growth on chitin, a biopolymer that is abundant in aquatic habitats (e.g., from crustacean exoskeletons), where it lives as an autochthonous microbe. Transformation competence was found to require a type IV pilus assembly complex, a putative DNA binding protein, and three convergent regulatory cascades, which are activated by chitin, increasing cell density, and nutrient limitation, a decline in growth rate, or stress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meibom, Karin L -- Blokesch, Melanie -- Dolganov, Nadia A -- Wu, Cheng-Yen -- Schoolnik, Gary K -- AI053706/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1824-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Stanford Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. kmeibom@necker.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism/physiology ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Brachyura/microbiology ; Chitin/metabolism/*physiology ; Culture Media ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Fimbriae Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics ; Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism ; Frameshift Mutation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Regulon ; Sigma Factor/metabolism ; *Transformation, Bacterial ; Vibrio cholerae/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism/physiology ; Vibrio cholerae O1/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism/physiology
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    Physiology. Biological clocks coordinately keep life on time (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gillette, Martha U -- Sejnowski, Terrence J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1196-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activity Cycles/genetics/*physiology ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Arabidopsis/genetics/physiology ; Biological Clocks/genetics/*physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Cell Cycle/*physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics/*physiology ; Cyanobacteria/cytology/physiology ; Feedback, Physiological ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Light ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Seasons ; Sleep ; Transcription, Genetic ; Yeasts/cytology/genetics/metabolism
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    Plant biology. Enhanced: growth by auxin: when a weed needs acid (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: In his Perspective, Grebe discusses how a plant proton pump residing in intracellular compartments, rather than in the plasma membrane of the cell surface, regulates growth and development. The pump modulates the expression at the plasma membrane of both a transporter for the hormone auxin and another proton pump. These findings open new views on how plants regulate cell wall acidity and hormone transport during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grebe, Markus -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):60-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Umea Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90 183 Umea, Sweden. markus.grebe@genfys.slu.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; Biological Transport ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Wall/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Indoleacetic Acids/*metabolism ; Inorganic Pyrophosphatase/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Plant Leaves/growth & development/metabolism ; Plant Roots/growth & development/metabolism ; Proton Pumps/*metabolism
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    Epidemiology. Radiation dangerous even at lowest doses (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 8;309(5732):233.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16002592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Damage ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*epidemiology ; Nuclear Warfare ; *Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Injuries/*epidemiology ; *Radiation, Ionizing ; Risk Factors
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    Drought, snails, and large-scale die-off of southern U.S. salt marshes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-12-17
    Description: Salt marshes in the southeastern United States have recently experienced massive die-off, one of many examples of widespread degradation in marine and coastal ecosystems. Although intense drought is thought to be the primary cause of this die-off, we found snail grazing to be a major contributing factor. Survey of marsh die-off areas in three states revealed high-density fronts of snails on die-off edges at 11 of 12 sites. Exclusion experiments demonstrated that snails actively converted marshes to exposed mudflats. Salt addition and comparative field studies suggest that drought-induced stress and grazers acted synergistically and to varying degrees to cause initial plant death. After these disturbances, snail fronts formed on die-off edges and subsequently propagated through healthy marsh, leading to cascading vegetation loss. These results, combined with model analyses, reveal strong interactions between increasing climatic stress and grazer pressure, both potentially related to human environmental impacts, which amplify the likelihood and intensity of runaway collapse in these coastal systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silliman, Brian R -- van de Koppel, Johan -- Bertness, Mark D -- Stanton, Lee E -- Mendelssohn, Irving A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1803-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. brs@ufl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomass ; Climate ; *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Food Chain ; Georgia ; Louisiana ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Poaceae/*growth & development ; Population Density ; Snails/*physiology ; *Sodium Chloride ; *Soil ; Water
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  • 28
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    Transduction of receptor signals by beta-arrestins (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-04-23
    Description: The transmission of extracellular signals to the interior of the cell is a function of plasma membrane receptors, of which the seven transmembrane receptor family is by far the largest and most versatile. Classically, these receptors stimulate heterotrimeric G proteins, which control rates of generation of diffusible second messengers and entry of ions at the plasma membrane. Recent evidence, however, indicates another previously unappreciated strategy used by the receptors to regulate intracellular signaling pathways. They direct the recruitment, activation, and scaffolding of cytoplasmic signaling complexes via two multifunctional adaptor and transducer molecules, beta-arrestins 1 and 2. This mechanism regulates aspects of cell motility, chemotaxis, apoptosis, and likely other cellular functions through a rapidly expanding list of signaling pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lefkowitz, Robert J -- Shenoy, Sudha K -- HL 16037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 70631/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 22;308(5721):512-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA. lefko001@receptor-biol.duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Arrestins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Chemotaxis ; Endocytosis ; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*metabolism ; Second Messenger Systems/physiology ; *Signal Transduction
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  • 29
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    Effects of landscape corridors on seed dispersal by birds (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity by disrupting dispersal. The mechanisms and consequences of this disruption are controversial, primarily because most organisms are difficult to track. We examined the effect of habitat corridors on long-distance dispersal of seeds by birds, and tested whether small-scale (〈20 meters) movements of birds could be scaled up to predict dispersal of seeds across hundreds of meters in eight experimentally fragmented landscapes. A simulation model accurately predicted the observed pattern of seed rain and revealed that corridors functioned through edge-following behavior of birds. Our study shows how models based on easily observed behaviors can be scaled up to predict landscape-level processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levey, Douglas J -- Bolker, Benjamin M -- Tewksbury, Joshua J -- Sargent, Sarah -- Haddad, Nick M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):146-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Post Office Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611-8525, USA. dlevey@zoo.ufl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Computer Simulation ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Defecation ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Flight, Animal ; Models, Biological ; Myrica ; Passeriformes/*physiology ; Pinus ; *Seeds ; South Carolina ; Trees
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    Structure of the rotor of the V-Type Na+-ATPase from Enterococcus hirae (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-02
    Description: The membrane rotor ring from the vacuolar-type (V-type) sodium ion-pumping adenosine triphosphatase (Na+-ATPase) from Enterococcus hirae consists of 10 NtpK subunits, which are homologs of the 16-kilodalton and 8-kilodalton proteolipids found in other V-ATPases and in F1Fo- or F-ATPases, respectively. Each NtpK subunit has four transmembrane alpha helices, with a sodium ion bound between helices 2 and 4 at a site buried deeply in the membrane that includes the essential residue glutamate-139. This site is probably connected to the membrane surface by two half-channels in subunit NtpI, against which the ring rotates. Symmetry mismatch between the rotor and catalytic domains appears to be an intrinsic feature of both V- and F-ATPases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murata, Takeshi -- Yamato, Ichiro -- Kakinuma, Yoshimi -- Leslie, Andrew G W -- Walker, John E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 29;308(5722):654-9. Epub 2005 Mar 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15802565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Detergents/metabolism ; Enterococcus/*enzymology ; Ion Transport ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Motor Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phospholipids/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Static Electricity ; Water
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    Photosynthetic O2 formation tracked by time-resolved x-ray experiments (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: Plants and cyanobacteria produce atmospheric dioxygen from water, powered by sunlight and catalyzed by a manganese complex in photosystem II. A classic S-cycle model for oxygen evolution involves five states, but only four have been identified. The missing S4 state is particularly important because it is directly involved in dioxygen formation. Now progress comes from an x-ray technique that can monitor redox and structural changes in metal centers in real time with 10-microsecond resolution. We show that in the O2-formation step, an intermediate is formed--the enigmatic S4 state. Its creation is identified with a deprotonation process rather than the expected electron-transfer mechanism. Subsequent electron transfer would give an additional S4' state, thus extending the fundamental S-state cycle of dioxygen formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haumann, M -- Liebisch, P -- Muller, C -- Barra, M -- Grabolle, M -- Dau, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):1019-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Freie Universitat Berlin, FB Physik, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. haumann@physik.fu-berlin.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284178" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry, Physical ; Electrons ; Entropy ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Manganese/chemistry ; Models, Biological ; Models, Chemical ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Photosynthesis ; Photosystem II Protein Complex/chemistry/*metabolism ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protons ; Spectrum Analysis ; Spinacia oleracea ; Water/metabolism ; X-Rays
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    Host suppression and stability in a parasitoid-host system: experimental demonstration (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: We elucidate the mechanisms causing stability and severe resource suppression in a consumer-resource system. The consumer, the parasitoid Aphytis, rapidly controlled an experimentally induced outbreak of the resource, California red scale, an agricultural pest, and imposed a low, stable pest equilibrium. The results are well predicted by a mechanistic, independently parameterized model. The key mechanisms are widespread in nature: an invulnerable adult stage in the resource population and rapid consumer development. Stability in this biologically nondiverse agricultural system is a property of the local interaction between these two species, not of spatial processes or of the larger ecological community.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murdoch, William -- Briggs, Cheryl J -- Swarbrick, Susan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):610-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. murdoch@lifesci.ucsb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040706" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Citrus ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Hemiptera/growth & development/*parasitology/*physiology ; *Host-Parasite Interactions ; Hymenoptera/growth & development/*physiology ; Longevity ; Male ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Sex Ratio ; Temperature
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    Allosteric mechanisms of signal transduction (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: Forty years ago, a simple model of allosteric mechanisms (indirect interactions between distinct sites), used initially to explain feedback-inhibited enzymes, was presented by Monod, Wyman, and Changeux. We review the MWC theory and its applications for the understanding of signal transduction in biology, and also identify remaining issues that deserve theoretical and experimental substantiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Changeux, Jean-Pierre -- Edelstein, Stuart J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1424-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Receptors and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. changeux@pasteur.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Allosteric Regulation ; Binding Sites ; Enzymes/metabolism ; Ligands ; Models, Biological ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Signal Transduction/*physiology
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    G proteins Go green: a plant G protein signaling FAQ sheet (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: Plants, like animals, use signal transduction pathways based on heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) to regulate many aspects of development and cell signaling. Some components of G protein signaling are highly conserved between plants and animals and some are not. This Viewpoint compares key aspects of G protein signal transduction in plants and animals and describes the current knowledge of this system in plants, the questions that still await exploration, and the value of research on plant G proteins to scientists who do not study plants. Pathways in Science's Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment Connections Maps database provide details about the emerging roles of G proteins in several cellular processes of plants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Assmann, Sarah M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA. sma3@psu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arabidopsis/cytology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits/metabolism ; Genome, Plant ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Models, Biological ; Oryza/cytology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Plant Cells ; Plant Development ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Plants/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Species Specificity
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    Immunology. Decoding calcium signaling (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winslow, Monte M -- Crabtree, Gerald R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):56-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics/*metabolism ; *Calcium Signaling ; Cation Transport Proteins/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; NFATC Transcription Factors ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Potassium/metabolism ; Potassium Channels/metabolism ; Protein Subunits/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism ; TRPM Cation Channels ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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    Noise in gene expression: origins, consequences, and control (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-24
    Description: Genetically identical cells and organisms exhibit remarkable diversity even when they have identical histories of environmental exposure. Noise, or variation, in the process of gene expression may contribute to this phenotypic variability. Recent studies suggest that this noise has multiple sources, including the stochastic or inherently random nature of the biochemical reactions of gene expression. In this review, we summarize noise terminology and comment on recent investigations into the sources, consequences, and control of noise in gene expression.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1360161/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1360161/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raser, Jonathan M -- O'Shea, Erin K -- GM51377/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM051377/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):2010-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California-San Francisco, 600 16th Street, GH-S472D, San Francisco, CA 94143-2240, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16179466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Feedback, Physiological ; Gene Dosage ; *Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; *Phenotype ; Physiological Phenomena ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Stochastic Processes ; Transcription, Genetic
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    The illusion of invariant quantities in life histories (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: Life-history theory attempts to provide evolutionary explanations for variations in the ways in which animal species live their lives. Recent analyses have suggested that the dimensionless ratios of several key life-history parameters are the same for different species, even across distant taxa. However, we show here that previous analyses may have given a false picture and created an illusion of invariants, which do not necessarily exist; essentially, this is because life-history variables have been regressed against themselves. The following question arises from our analysis: How do we identify an invariant?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nee, Sean -- Colegrave, Nick -- West, Stuart A -- Grafen, Alan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1236-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK. sean.nee@ed.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Size ; *Body Weight ; Disorders of Sex Development ; *Growth ; Longevity ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Regression Analysis ; *Reproduction ; Sexual Maturation ; Species Specificity
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    Membrane insertion of a potassium-channel voltage sensor (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: The mechanism of voltage gating in K+ channels is controversial. The paddle model posits that highly charged voltage-sensor domains move relatively freely across the lipid bilayer in response to membrane depolarization; competing models picture the charged S4 voltage-sensor helix as being shielded from lipid contact by other parts of the protein. We measured the apparent free energy of membrane insertion of a K+-channel S4 helix into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and conclude that S4 is poised very near the threshold of efficient bilayer insertion. Our results suggest that the paddle model is not inconsistent with the high charge content of S4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hessa, Tara -- White, Stephen H -- von Heijne, Gunnar -- GM46823/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM68002/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1427. Epub 2005 Jan 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arginine/analysis/chemistry ; Cell Membrane/chemistry/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/chemistry/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Intracellular Membranes/chemistry/*metabolism ; Lipid Bilayers ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Plasmids ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Thermodynamics
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    Ecology. Population dynamics: growing to extremes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reynolds, John D -- Freckleton, Robert P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):567-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. reynolds@uea.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild ; *Birds ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fishes ; *Insects ; Logistic Models ; *Mammals ; Models, Biological ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth
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    HIV/AIDS. HIV: experiencing the pressures of modern life (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nolan, David -- James, Ian -- Mallal, Simon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1422-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Clinical Immunology and Biomedical Statistics, Royal Perth Hospital and Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines ; Alleles ; Chemokines, CC/*genetics/metabolism ; Disease Progression ; *Gene Dosage ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; HIV Infections/*genetics/*immunology/virology ; HIV-1/immunology/metabolism/pathogenicity ; HLA-B Antigens/*genetics ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Models, Biological ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, CCR5/*genetics/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; Virus Replication
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    A self-organized vortex array of hydrodynamically entrained sperm cells (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-07-09
    Description: Many patterns in biological systems depend on the exchange of chemical signals between cells. We report a spatiotemporal pattern mediated by hydrodynamic interactions. At planar surfaces, spermatozoa self-organized into dynamic vortices resembling quantized rotating waves. These vortices formed an array with local hexagonal order. Introducing an order parameter that quantifies cooperativity, we found that the array appeared only above a critical sperm density. Using a model, we estimated the hydrodynamic interaction force between spermatozoa to be approximately 0.03 piconewtons. Thus, large-scale coordination of cells can be regulated hydrodynamically, and chemical signals are not required.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riedel, Ingmar H -- Kruse, Karsten -- Howard, Jonathon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 8;309(5732):300-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. riedel@mpi-cbg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16002619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biophysical Phenomena ; Biophysics ; Cell Count ; Diffusion ; Male ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; *Sperm Motility ; Sperm Tail/physiology ; Spermatozoa/*physiology ; Stochastic Processes ; Strongylocentrotus/*physiology ; Strongylocentrotus purpuratus/physiology
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    Mitochondrial dysfunction and type 2 diabetes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: Maintenance of normal blood glucose levels depends on a complex interplay between the insulin responsiveness of skeletal muscle and liver and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. Defects in the former are responsible for insulin resistance, and defects in the latter are responsible for progression to hyperglycemia. Emerging evidence supports the potentially unifying hypothesis that both of these prominent features of type 2 diabetes are caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lowell, Bradford B -- Shulman, Gerald I -- R01 DK040936/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):384-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 99 Brookline Avenue, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. blowell@bidmc.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*physiopathology ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/physiopathology ; Insulin/secretion ; Insulin Resistance ; Ion Channels ; Islets of Langerhans/cytology/*physiology/secretion ; Liver/metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mitochondria/*physiology ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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    An acylation cycle regulates localization and activity of palmitoylated Ras isoforms (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-12
    Description: We show that the specific subcellular distribution of H- and Nras guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins is generated by a constitutive de/reacylation cycle that operates on palmitoylated proteins, driving their rapid exchange between the plasma membrane (PM) and the Golgi apparatus. Depalmitoylation redistributes farnesylated Ras in all membranes, followed by repalmitoylation and trapping of Ras at the Golgi, from where it is redirected to the PM via the secretory pathway. This continuous cycle prevents Ras from nonspecific residence on endomembranes, thereby maintaining the specific intracellular compartmentalization. The de/reacylation cycle also initiates Ras activation at the Golgi by transport of PM-localized Ras guanosine triphosphate. Different de/repalmitoylation kinetics account for isoform-specific activation responses to growth factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rocks, Oliver -- Peyker, Anna -- Kahms, Martin -- Verveer, Peter J -- Koerner, Carolin -- Lumbierres, Maria -- Kuhlmann, Jurgen -- Waldmann, Herbert -- Wittinghofer, Alfred -- Bastiaens, Philippe I H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1746-52. Epub 2005 Feb 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acylation ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; COS Cells ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Dogs ; Golgi Apparatus/*metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Palmitic Acid/*metabolism ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Transport ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/chemistry/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection
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    Animal evolution and the molecular signature of radiations compressed in time (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: The phylogenetic relationships among most metazoan phyla remain uncertain. We obtained large numbers of gene sequences from metazoans, including key understudied taxa. Despite the amount of data and breadth of taxa analyzed, relationships among most metazoan phyla remained unresolved. In contrast, the same genes robustly resolved phylogenetic relationships within a major clade of Fungi of approximately the same age as the Metazoa. The differences in resolution within the two kingdoms suggest that the early history of metazoans was a radiation compressed in time, a finding that is in agreement with paleontological inferences. Furthermore, simulation analyses as well as studies of other radiations in deep time indicate that, given adequate sequence data, the lack of resolution in phylogenetic trees is a signature of closely spaced series of cladogenetic events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rokas, Antonis -- Kruger, Dirk -- Carroll, Sean B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1933-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, R. M. Bock Labs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Computer Simulation ; DNA, Complementary ; Fungi/classification ; Genes ; Humans ; Invertebrates/classification/genetics ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Time
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    Structural biology. Membrane protein insertion and stability (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mackinnon, Roderick -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1425-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 11021, USA. mackinn@rockefeller.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/chemistry/metabolism ; Archaeal Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/chemistry/*metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/chemistry/*metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Peptides/chemistry/*metabolism ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Transport ; Thermodynamics
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    Preparing for the worst-case scenario (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chung, Pui Hong Alex -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 18;310(5751):1117-8; author reply 1117-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16293740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetamides/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Developing Countries ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; *Health Planning ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Oseltamivir ; Public Health
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  • 47
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    Cell biology. A gradient signal orchestrates the mitotic spindle (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarke, Paul R -- BB/C007778/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1334-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biomedical Research Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, UK. paul.clarke@cancer.org.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Chromosomes/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/metabolism ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Mathematics ; Microtubules/*metabolism ; *Mitosis ; Models, Biological ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spindle Apparatus/*metabolism ; Xenopus ; Xenopus Proteins ; beta Karyopherins/metabolism ; ran GTP-Binding Protein/*metabolism
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    Cell biology. Wnt signaling glows with RNAi (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fearon, Eric R -- Cadigan, Ken M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 6;308(5723):801-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. fearon@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15879199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Insect ; Genes, Reporter ; *Genomics ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Double-Stranded/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Wings, Animal/metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; Wnt1 Protein ; beta Catenin
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    Bivoltinism as an antecedent to eusociality in the paper wasp genus Polistes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: To learn the evolutionary trajectories of caste differentiation in eusocial species is a major goal of sociobiology. We present an explanatory framework for caste evolution in the eusocial wasp genus Polistes (Vespidae), which is a model system for insect eusocial evolution. We hypothesize that Polistes worker and gyne castes stem from two developmental pathways that characterized the bivoltine life cycle of a solitary ancestor. Through individual-based simulations, we show that our mechanistic framework can reproduce colony-level characteristics of Polistes and, thereby, that social castes can emerge from solitary regulatory pathways. Our explanatory framework illustrates, by specific example, a changed perspective for understanding insect social evolution.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2408871/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2408871/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hunt, James H -- Amdam, Gro V -- P01 AG 22500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG022500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG022500-03/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA. jimhunt@umsl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Larva/growth & development ; Life Cycle Stages ; Models, Biological ; Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Social Behavior ; Wasps/*physiology
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    Community structure of corals and reef fishes at multiple scales (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: Distributions of numerical abundance and resource use among species are fundamental aspects of community structure. Here we characterize these patterns for tropical reef fishes and corals across a 10,000-kilometer biodiversity gradient. Numerical abundance and resource-use distributions have similar shapes, but they emerge at markedly different scales. These results are consistent with a controversial null hypothesis regarding community structure, according to which abundance distributions arise from the interplay of multiple stochastic environmental and demographic factors. Our findings underscore the importance of robust conservation strategies that are appropriately scaled to the broad suite of environmental processes that help sustain biodiversity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Connolly, Sean R -- Hughes, Terry P -- Bellwood, David R -- Karlson, Ronald H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1363-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, Department of Marine Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123298" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Normal Distribution ; Pacific Ocean ; *Perciformes ; Population Density
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    The kaposin B protein of KSHV activates the p38/MK2 pathway and stabilizes cytokine mRNAs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-02-05
    Description: Cytokine production plays a critical role in diseases caused by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Here we show that a latent KSHV gene product, kaposin B, increases the expression of cytokines by blocking the degradation of their messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Cytokine transcripts are normally unstable because they contain AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3' noncoding regions that target them for degradation. Kaposin B reverses this instability by binding to and activating the kinase MK2, a target of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and a known inhibitor of ARE-mRNA decay. These findings define an important mechanism linking latent KSHV infection to cytokine production, and also illustrate a distinctive mode by which viruses can selectively modulate mRNA turnover.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCormick, Craig -- Ganem, Don -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):739-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692053" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytokines/*genetics/*metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; HeLa Cells ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/*physiology ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Models, Biological ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; *RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques ; Viral Proteins/*metabolism ; Virus Latency ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism
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    Island biogeography of populations: an introduced species transforms survival patterns (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-17
    Description: Population phenomena, which provide much of the underlying basis for the theoretical structure of island biogeography, have received little direct study. We determined a key population trait-survival-in the Bahamian lizard Anolis sagrei on islands with an experimentally introduced predatory lizard and on neighboring unmanipulated islands. On unmanipulated islands, survival declined with several variables, most notably vegetation height: The island with the shortest vegetation had nearly the highest survival recorded for any lizard. On islands with the introduced predator, which forages mostly on the ground, A. sagrei shifted to taller vegetation; unlike on unmanipulated islands, its survival was very low on islands with the shortest vegetation but was higher on the others. Thus, species introduction radically changed a resident species' relation of survival to a key island-biogeographical variable.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schoener, Thomas W -- Losos, Jonathan B -- Spiller, David A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1807-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. twschoener@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bahamas ; Birds ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Geography ; *Lizards ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Plant Development ; *Plants/anatomy & histology ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; *Trees/anatomy & histology/growth & development
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    A systems model of signaling identifies a molecular basis set for cytokine-induced apoptosis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: Signal transduction pathways control cellular responses to stimuli, but it is unclear how molecular information is processed as a network. We constructed a systems model of 7980 intracellular signaling events that directly links measurements to 1440 response outputs associated with apoptosis. The model accurately predicted multiple time-dependent apoptotic responses induced by a combination of the death-inducing cytokine tumor necrosis factor with the prosurvival factors epidermal growth factor and insulin. By capturing the role of unsuspected autocrine circuits activated by transforming growth factor-alpha and interleukin-1alpha, the model revealed new molecular mechanisms connecting signaling to apoptosis. The model derived two groupings of intracellular signals that constitute fundamental dimensions (molecular "basis axes") within the apoptotic signaling network. Projection along these axes captures the entire measured apoptotic network, suggesting that cell survival is determined by signaling through this canonical basis set.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janes, Kevin A -- Albeck, John G -- Gaudet, Suzanne -- Sorger, Peter K -- Lauffenburger, Douglas A -- Yaffe, Michael B -- GM059281/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50-GM68762/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1646-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biological Engineering Division, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Apoptosis ; Autocrine Communication ; Cell Survival ; Cytokines/*physiology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/physiology ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Insulin/physiology ; Interleukin-1/physiology ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Least-Squares Analysis ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; *Signal Transduction ; *Systems Biology ; Systems Theory ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha/physiology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*physiology
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    Developmental biology. Encountering microRNAs in cell fate signaling (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karp, Xantha -- Ambros, Victor -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1288-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. xantha.e.karp@dartmouth.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*cytology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; MicroRNAs/*genetics/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Notch ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Vulva/cytology/growth & development
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    Connected to death: the (unexpurgated) mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: The mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in vertebrates is dependent on the process of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of proteins from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol. "Upstairs" of this event are the Bcl-2 family proteins that regulate and mediate MOMP; "downstairs" is the activation of caspases that orchestrate the dismantling of the cell. In the Connections Map database at Science's Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment (STKE), the pathways that define the mitochondrial pathway of apotosis are illustrated, with the bulk of control occurring "upstairs" of MOMP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spierings, Diana -- McStay, Gavin -- Saleh, Maya -- Bender, Cheryl -- Chipuk, Jerry -- Maurer, Uli -- Green, Douglas R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):66-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210526" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1 ; Caspases/metabolism ; Cytochromes c/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Intracellular Membranes/*metabolism ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Permeability ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction
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    Unveiling the mechanisms of cell-cell fusion (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-04-16
    Description: Cell-cell fusion is fundamental to the development and physiology of multicellular organisms, but little is known of its mechanistic underpinnings. Recent studies have revealed that many proteins involved in cell-cell fusion are also required for seemingly unrelated cellular processes such as phagocytosis, cell migration, axon growth, and synaptogenesis. We review advances in understanding cell-cell fusion by contrasting it with virus-cell and intracellular vesicle fusion. We also consider how proteins involved in general aspects of membrane dynamics have been co-opted to control fusion of diverse cell types by coupling with specialized proteins involved in cell-cell recognition, adhesion, and signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Elizabeth H -- Olson, Eric N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):369-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. echen@jhmi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Fusion ; Cytoplasmic Vesicles/physiology ; Cytoskeleton/physiology ; Disease ; Humans ; Membrane Fusion ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Signal Transduction ; Therapeutics ; Viral Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Physiological Phenomena
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    Ecology. Flying on the edge: bluebirds make use of habitat corridors (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):35.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Computer Simulation ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Flight, Animal ; Models, Biological ; Myrica ; Passeriformes/*physiology ; Pinus ; *Seeds ; South Carolina ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Signal transduction. A new mediator for an old hormone? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hewitt, Sylvia Curtis -- Deroo, Bonnie J -- Korach, Kenneth S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1572-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Estradiol/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Estrogens/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Receptors, Estrogen/chemistry/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Tamoxifen/metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Voltage sensor of Kv1.2: structural basis of electromechanical coupling (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-09
    Description: Voltage-dependent ion channels contain voltage sensors that allow them to switch between nonconductive and conductive states over the narrow range of a few hundredths of a volt. We investigated the mechanism by which these channels sense cell membrane voltage by determining the x-ray crystal structure of a mammalian Shaker family potassium ion (K+) channel. The voltage-dependent K+ channel Kv1.2 grew three-dimensional crystals, with an internal arrangement that left the voltage sensors in an apparently native conformation, allowing us to reach three important conclusions. First, the voltage sensors are essentially independent domains inside the membrane. Second, they perform mechanical work on the pore through the S4-S5 linker helices, which are positioned to constrict or dilate the S6 inner helices of the pore. Third, in the open conformation, two of the four conserved Arg residues on S4 are on a lipid-facing surface and two are buried in the voltage sensor. The structure offers a simple picture of how membrane voltage influences the open probability of the channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, Stephen B -- Campbell, Ernest B -- Mackinnon, Roderick -- GM43949/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 5;309(5736):903-8. Epub 2005 Jul 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16002579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arginine/chemistry ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Electrochemistry ; Ion Channel Gating/physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Potassium Channels/*chemistry/*physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    PUMA couples the nuclear and cytoplasmic proapoptotic function of p53 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-10
    Description: The Trp53 tumor suppressor gene product (p53) functions in the nucleus to regulate proapoptotic genes, whereas cytoplasmic p53 directly activates proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins to permeabilize mitochondria and initiate apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that a tripartite nexus between Bcl-xL, cytoplasmic p53, and PUMA coordinates these distinct p53 functions. After genotoxic stress, Bcl-xL sequestered cytoplasmic p53. Nuclear p53 caused expression of PUMA, which then displaced p53 from Bcl-xL, allowing p53 to induce mitochondrial permeabilization. Mutant Bcl-xL that bound p53, but not PUMA, rendered cells resistant to p53-induced apoptosis irrespective of PUMA expression. Thus, PUMA couples the nuclear and cytoplasmic proapoptotic functions of p53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chipuk, Jerry E -- Bouchier-Hayes, Lisa -- Kuwana, Tomomi -- Newmeyer, Donald D -- Green, Douglas R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 9;309(5741):1732-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cellular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16151013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; DNA Damage ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Permeability ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; bcl-X Protein
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    Long-term monitoring of bacteria undergoing programmed population control in a microchemostat (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: Using an active approach to preventing biofilm formation, we implemented a microfluidic bioreactor that enables long-term culture and monitoring of extremely small populations of bacteria with single-cell resolution. We used this device to observe the dynamics of Escherichia coli carrying a synthetic "population control" circuit that regulates cell density through a feedback mechanism based on quorum sensing. The microfluidic bioreactor enabled long-term monitoring of unnatural behavior programmed by the synthetic circuit, which included sustained oscillations in cell density and associated morphological changes, over hundreds of hours.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balagadde, Frederick K -- You, Lingchong -- Hansen, Carl L -- Arnold, Frances H -- Quake, Stephen R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):137-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 4-Butyrolactone/*analogs & derivatives/biosynthesis/metabolism ; *Bacteriological Techniques ; Biofilms/growth & development ; *Bioreactors ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Computer Simulation ; Culture Media ; Escherichia coli/cytology/genetics/*growth & development/physiology ; Feedback, Physiological ; Genes, Bacterial ; Isopropyl Thiogalactoside/pharmacology ; Mathematics ; Microfluidics ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Time Factors
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    Microbiology. A pathogen attacks while keeping up defense (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normark, Staffan -- Nilsson, Christina -- Normark, Birgitta Henriques -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1211-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden. staffan.normark@stratresearch.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adhesins, Bacterial/chemistry/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Bacteriophages/genetics ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Cell Membrane/microbiology ; Dysentery, Bacillary/*microbiology ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Lipopolysaccharides/chemistry/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; O Antigens/chemistry/*metabolism ; Operon ; Rabbits ; Serotyping ; Shigella flexneri/classification/genetics/metabolism/*pathogenicity ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors/metabolism ; Yersinia enterocolitica/metabolism/*pathogenicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology: The Convention on Biological Diversity's 2010 target (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balmford, Andrew -- Bennun, Leon -- Brink, Ben Ten -- Cooper, David -- Cote, Isabelle M -- Crane, Peter -- Dobson, Andrew -- Dudley, Nigel -- Dutton, Ian -- Green, Rhys E -- Gregory, Richard D -- Harrison, Jeremy -- Kennedy, Elizabeth T -- Kremen, Claire -- Leader-Williams, Nigel -- Lovejoy, Thomas E -- Mace, Georgina -- May, Robert -- Mayaux, Phillipe -- Morling, Paul -- Phillips, Joanna -- Redford, Kent -- Ricketts, Taylor H -- Rodriguez, Jon Paul -- Sanjayan, M -- Schei, Peter J -- van Jaarsveld, Albert S -- Walther, Bruno A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):212-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cambridge University and University of Cape Town.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653489" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; International Cooperation ; Models, Biological ; Models, Theoretical ; Public Policy
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    American Physical Society meeting. Recipe for flies' eyes: crystallize (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Adrian -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):191.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crystallization ; DNA-Binding Proteins/physiology ; Diptera/anatomy & histology/*growth & development ; Eye/growth & development ; Larva/growth & development ; Models, Biological ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/physiology
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    Comment on "Oscillations in NF-kappaB signaling control the dynamics of gene expression" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2821939/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2821939/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barken, Derren -- Wang, Chiaochun Joanne -- Kearns, Jeff -- Cheong, Raymond -- Hoffmann, Alexander -- Levchenko, Andre -- GM072024-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM071862/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM071862-01A20005/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM071573/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM071573-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 1;308(5718):52; author reply 52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0375, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15802586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Computer Simulation ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; I-kappa B Proteins/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Models, Biological ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor RelA ; Transfection ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
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    Comment on "Abrupt and gradual extinction among Late Permian land vertebrates in the Karoo basin, South Africa" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Charles -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1413; author reply 1413.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. cmarshal@oeb.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; Models, Biological ; South Africa ; *Vertebrates
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    Developmental biology. Less steroids make bigger flies (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King-Jones, Kirst -- Thummel, Carl S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):630-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. kirst@genetics.utah.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Size ; Drosophila melanogaster/*growth & development ; Ecdysone/*physiology ; Insulin/physiology ; Insulin Antagonists ; Larva/growth & development ; Models, Biological ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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    Representation of visual gravitational motion in the human vestibular cortex (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-16
    Description: How do we perceive the visual motion of objects that are accelerated by gravity? We propose that, because vision is poorly sensitive to accelerations, an internal model that calculates the effects of gravity is derived from graviceptive information, is stored in the vestibular cortex, and is activated by visual motion that appears to be coherent with natural gravity. The acceleration of visual targets was manipulated while brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. In agreement with the internal model hypothesis, we found that the vestibular network was selectively engaged when acceleration was consistent with natural gravity. These findings demonstrate that predictive mechanisms of physical laws of motion are represented in the human brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Indovina, Iole -- Maffei, Vincenzo -- Bosco, Gianfranco -- Zago, Myrka -- Macaluso, Emiliano -- Lacquaniti, Francesco -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):416-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuromotor Physiology, Scientific Institute Foundation Santa Lucia, via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acceleration ; Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cues ; Female ; *Gravitation ; *Gravity Sensing ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Models, Biological ; *Motion Perception ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Reaction Time ; Semicircular Canals/physiology ; Temporal Lobe/physiology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology ; Visual Pathways
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Regulation of the polarity protein Par6 by TGFbeta receptors controls epithelial cell plasticity (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: The transition of cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype is a critical event during morphogenesis in multicellular organisms and underlies the pathology of many diseases, including the invasive phenotype associated with metastatic carcinomas. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) is a key regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the molecular mechanisms that control the dissolution of tight junctions, an early event in EMT, remain elusive. We demonstrate that Par6, a regulator of epithelial cell polarity and tight-junction assembly, interacts with TGFbeta receptors and is a substrate of the type II receptor, TbetaRII. Phosphorylation of Par6 is required for TGFbeta-dependent EMT in mammary gland epithelial cells and controls the interaction of Par6 with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1. Smurf1, in turn, targets the guanosine triphosphatase RhoA for degradation, thereby leading to a loss of tight junctions. These studies define how an extracellular cue signals to the polarity machinery to control epithelial cell morphology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ozdamar, Barish -- Bose, Rohit -- Barrios-Rodiles, Miriam -- Wang, Hong-Rui -- Zhang, Yue -- Wrana, Jeffrey L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1603-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activin Receptors, Type I/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Polarity ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology/*physiology ; Humans ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/*metabolism ; Smad2 Protein ; Tight Junctions/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism/pharmacology ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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    Plant science. The right time and place for making flowers (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blazquez, Miguel A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1024-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain. mblazquez@ibmcp.upv.es〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*growth & development/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Flowers/*growth & development/metabolism ; Genes, Plant ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; MADS Domain Proteins ; Models, Biological ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Plant Shoots/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Computational improvements reveal great bacterial diversity and high metal toxicity in soil (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: The complexity of soil bacterial communities has thus far confounded effective measurement. However, with improved analytical methods, we show that the abundance distribution and total diversity can be deciphered. Reanalysis of reassociation kinetics for bacterial community DNA from pristine and metal-polluted soils showed that a power law best described the abundance distributions. More than one million distinct genomes occurred in the pristine soil, exceeding previous estimates by two orders of magnitude. Metal pollution reduced diversity more than 99.9%, revealing the highly toxic effect of metal contamination, especially for rare taxa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gans, Jason -- Wolinsky, Murray -- Dunbar, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1387-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87501, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123304" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*genetics/*growth & development ; *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Computer Simulation ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis/genetics ; Ecosystem ; *Genetic Variation ; Genome, Bacterial ; Mathematics ; Metals, Heavy/analysis/*toxicity ; Models, Biological ; Nucleic Acid Renaturation ; Soil/analysis ; *Soil Microbiology ; Soil Pollutants/analysis/*toxicity
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    A phenylalanine clamp catalyzes protein translocation through the anthrax toxin pore (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-30
    Description: The protective antigen component of anthrax toxin forms a homoheptameric pore in the endosomal membrane, creating a narrow passageway for the enzymatic components of the toxin to enter the cytosol. We found that, during conversion of the heptameric precursor to the pore, the seven phenylalanine-427 residues converged within the lumen, generating a radially symmetric heptad of solvent-exposed aromatic rings. This "phi-clamp" structure was required for protein translocation and comprised the major conductance-blocking site for hydrophobic drugs and model cations. We conclude that the phi clamp serves a chaperone-like function, interacting with hydrophobic sequences presented by the protein substrate as it unfolds during translocation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1815389/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1815389/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krantz, Bryan A -- Melnyk, Roman A -- Zhang, Sen -- Juris, Stephen J -- Lacy, D Borden -- Wu, Zhengyan -- Finkelstein, Alan -- Collier, R John -- AI022021/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI062204/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI062204/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI062204-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM29210/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI022021/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM029210/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):777-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051798" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Antigens, Bacterial/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Bacillus anthracis/*chemistry/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Onium Compounds/metabolism ; Organophosphorus Compounds/metabolism ; Phenylalanine/*chemistry ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Biochemistry. The photosynthesis "oxygen clock" gets a new number (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Penner-Hahn, James E -- Yocum, Charles F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):982-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA. jeph@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284168" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry, Physical ; Electrons ; Entropy ; Kinetics ; Manganese/chemistry ; Models, Biological ; Models, Chemical ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Photosynthesis ; Photosystem II Protein Complex/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protons ; Spectrum Analysis ; Water/metabolism ; X-Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Evolution. Is the "Big Bang" in animal evolution real? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jermiin, Lars S -- Poladian, Leon -- Charleston, Michael A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1910-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. lars.jermiin@usyd.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Fossils ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The future of farming and conservation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vandermeer, John -- Perfecto, Ivette -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 27;308(5726):1257-8; author reply 1257-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15919973" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture/economics/trends ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/trends ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Crops, Agricultural ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Models, Biological
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Cell biology. Guiding ATM to broken DNA (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abraham, Robert T -- Tibbetts, Randal S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 22;308(5721):510-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Signal Transduction Program, The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. abraham@burnham.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Substitution ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Chloroquine/pharmacology ; DNA/*metabolism ; *DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes/*metabolism ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Dimerization ; Enzyme Activation ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Apoptosis. p53 and PUMA: a deadly duo (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vousden, Karen H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 9;309(5741):1685-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glagsow G61 1BD, UK. k.vousden@beatson.gla.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16151000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics/metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; bcl-X Protein
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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