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  • 1
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Clinical trials are research studies performed in people that are aimed at evaluating a medical device, drug, or surgical or behavioral intervention. They are the primary way that researchers find out if a new treatment, like a new drug or medical device (e. g., a neuroendovascular device) is safe and effective for patients. A clinical trial is used to confirm if a new treatment is more effective and/or has less harmful side effects than the standard treatment. Other clinical trials test methods of early disease detection, sometimes before there are any symptoms. Still, others test methods to prevent health problems. A clinical trial may also look at how to improve the quality of life in those individuals with a life-threatening disease or chronic health problem. Clinical trials sometimes even study the role of caregivers or support groups. Therefore, clinical trials are very important in the development of medicine. A good clinical trial can influence therapeutic modality and even transform our healthcare work. This book provides a comprehensive review of clinical trials.
    Keywords: cardiovascular disease ; ethics ; decision-making ; patient safety ; radiation ; barley ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MQ Nursing and ancillary services::MQW Biomedical engineering
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Introducing “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”–an exploration of the therapeutic potential locked within nature’s abundant offerings. This comprehensive reprint delves into the fascinating realm of natural products, uncovering their inherent properties, mechanisms of action, and potential roles in effective disease management. Through extensive scientific research and reviews, the authors shed light on the immense potential of natural products as a viable approach to enhancing health and combating diseases. This reprint presents a diverse and multidimensional exploration, bridging the gap between traditional wisdom and contemporary scientific understanding and offering new avenues for healthcare professionals, researchers, and enthusiasts to harness the power of nature’s remarkable resources. As a catalyst for unlocking the healing potential of natural products, this reprint inspires further investigation and innovation, and drives us towards a future where their integration into mainstream healthcare becomes indispensable. Discover the possibilities and embark on a health and well-being journey with “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”.
    Keywords: cancer immunotherapy ; fructan ; FT-IR ; mass spectrometry ; young green barley ; COVID-19 ; β-glucans ; immunomodulation ; anti-inflammation ; anti-oxidant ; ACE2 regulation ; impedance ; ECIS ; antitumor activity ; anticancer properties ; betulin ; betulinic acid ; Amadori rearrangement compounds ; barley ; anti-obesity ; arginyl-fructose ; adipogenic ; ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraenol (ERGT) ; cholesta-5,7,22,24-tetraenol (CHT) ; ergosterol biosynthesis ; antimetabolite ; suicide substrate ; Trypanosoma brucei ; coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ; main protease ; Saussurea costus ; molecular docking ; GC-MS profiling ; Molineria recurvata ; diabetic nephropathy ; urinary biomarkers ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; walnut ; Juglans regia ; high-fat diet ; insulin resistance ; cognitive function ; JNK/NFκB pathway ; Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium ; flavonoids ; anticancer ; mechanism ; phenotype ; Angelica sinensis polysaccharide ; Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide ; hexokinase 2 ; glycolysis ; JAK2/STAT3 pathway ; liver regeneration ; Holoptelea integrifolia ; MMP-9 ; wound healing ; friedelin ; oxalactam A ; macrolactam ; anti-Rhizoctonia solani ; Penicillium oxalicum ; molecular dynamics ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ; natural products ; terpenoids ; mechanisms ; treatment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The authentication of foods and beverages is a very current topic of great interest for all the actors involved in the food chain, including the food industry, consumers, and food science researchers. Food authenticity covers many different aspects related to mislabeling, adulteration, and misleading claims about origin, production methods, or processing technologies. As many factors may affect the chemical composition of foods (e.g., geographical origin, variety or breed, conditions of cultivation, and breeding and/or feeding), the implementation of accurate, robust, and high-throughput analytical methods is needed to assess their authenticity and traceability and, consequently, guarantee their safety and quality in terms of organoleptic, nutritional, and bioactive characteristics. For these purposes, multiple analytical tools can be employed in combination with advanced chemometrics, such as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, DNA-based methods, and state-of-the-art omics approaches. In this context, in 2020, the journal Foods launched the Special Issue “Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches” to gather research papers and review articles dealing with the development and application of analytical techniques and emerging approaches in food authentication. Considering the success and popularity of this earlier Special Issue, we will now release a second Special Issue comprising ten valuable scientific contributions, including one review article, one commentary article, and eight original research articles.
    Keywords: rapid authentication ; handheld Raman ; NIR ; fatty acid profile ; oil qualification ; coffee authenticity ; HPLC-UV ; HPLC-FLD ; fingerprinting ; chemometrics ; food adulteration ; chicory ; barley ; flours ; fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy ; second-derivative spectrum ; red pepper powder ; geographical origin ; discriminant analysis ; SDS method ; Qiagen method ; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; multiple attribute decision making (MADM) analysis ; Aerodramus ; coffee ; fermentation ; gastrointestinal tract ; Kopi Luwak ; civet ; characterization ; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ; cluster analysis ; Sherry vinegar ; spectralprint ; random forest ; support vector machine ; molecular traceability ; authentication ; agri-food ; molecular markers ; DNA barcoding ; isothermal amplification ; sequencing ; alkaline phosphatase determination ; PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese ; raw milk determination ; vinegar ; protected designation of origin ; UV-Vis spectroscopy ; prediction ; sterols ; olive oil ; triterpenic dialcohols ; supported liquid extraction ; high performance liquid chromatography ; gas chromatography ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue aims to highlight how plant breeding could contribute to strengthening sustainability in field crop production by integrating the application of modern technologies and tools. This Reprint contains eleven articles focusing on the most recent topic of plant breeding.
    Keywords: target-site resistance ; ahas ; als ; Triazolopyrimidine herbicide ; Lolium rigidum ; winter cereals ; CO2 enrichment ; drought stress ; WUE ; climate change ; Helianthus ; sunflower ; morphological ; sustainable ; glyphosate ; pesticide ; residue ; pollution ; weed control ; organic plant production ; barley ; Pyrenophora teres f. teres ; net blotch disease ; biotic stress ; superoxide dismutase ; antioxidant enzyme ; cereals ; water shortage ; carbon dioxide ; root development ; Triticum aestivum L. ; wheat ; seed germination ; seedling development ; germination time ; low-temperature stress ; leaf discolouration ; seedling stage ; SSR markers ; near-isogenic line ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; pepper ; general defence response ; tissue retention ; hypersensitivity response ; resistance breeding ; Agrobacterium-mediated transformation ; functional genomics ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; Micro-Tom ; DsRed fluorescence ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; soil salinity stress ; adaptation ; environmental share ; interaction ; plant breeding ; sustainability ; pepper breeding ; bacterial spot resistance ; Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Weeds are the most important biological factor that affects yield in herbaceous and perennial crops. Nowadays, following the recommendations of government institutions and public opinion, there is an urgent need to search for sustainable weed management practices that have a low impact on the environment and on the health of living organisms. This reprint, established after closing the Special Issue “Sustainable Weed Management” edited by Dr. Alessia Restuccia and Dr. Aurelio Scavo, is a collection of papers (17 research articles and 1 review) related to the recent advancements in sustainable weed control methods and to the biotic and abiotic factors affecting weed adaptation.
    Keywords: cover crop ; weed management ; seed bank ; weed associations ; species richness ; multivariate analysis ; sustainability ; crop competition ; cultural management ; rainfall ; rain-fed agriculture ; seed production ; weed suppression ; weed density ; alternative weed management ; buffalobur ; crop and herbicide rotation ; herbicide efficacy ; surfactant ; terpenes ; mechanism of action ; germination inhibitors ; crops ; allelopathy ; phytochemicals ; P. hysterophorus ; germination ; growth ; herbicide resistance ; resistance mechanisms ; NTSR mechanisms ; TSR mechanisms ; metabolism ; organic ; no-till ; agroecology ; competition ; dispersal ; landscape ; oilseed rape ; sustainable weed management ; growth curve ; plant traits ; elevation gradient ; climate change ; invasive plant species ; Ophraella communa ; invasive species management ; contact herbicide ; pelargonic acid ; esterified seed oil ; foliar penetration ; adjuvant ; tank-mix partner ; non-chemical weed management ; rare weeds ; weed control ; winter wheat ; Chinese elm ; woody weed ; chemical control ; stem implantation ; Olea europaea L. ; Mediterranean basin ; agroecological practices ; minimum tillage ; zero tillage ; pollinating and predatory insects ; agroforestry ; intercropping ; consociation ; weeds ; barley ; false seedbed ; cropping system ; bioherbicides ; compost processing ; coniferous volatiles ; Pinus densiflora ; Pinus koraiensis ; thermal resistance ; durum wheat ; seed germination ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; Portulaca oleracea ; Stellaria media ; rice ; cultural methods ; herbicides ; impacts ; soil microorganisms ; soil enzymes ; Triticum durum ; soil seedbank ; species diversity ; weed communities ; old landraces ; multivariate statistics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This Special Issue entitled “β-glucan in foods and health benefits” reports on the health benefits of indigestible carbohydrates with respect to metabolic diseases and immune functions. The effects of β-glucan have been investigated through the use isolated preparations or natural dietary fibers from whole grain cereals and brans, yeasts, or Euglena. This Special Issue includes original research articles that are based on human intervention studies that address the effects of β-glucan on metabolic diseases and immune function-related markers as well as in vitro and in vivo studies. It also reviews the health benefits of β-glucans in humans.
    Keywords: humans ; oat β-glucan ; acute glycemic response ; dietary fiber ; preload ; carbohydrates ; β-1 ; 3-glucan ; Euglena gracilis ; Ca2+ signaling ; intestinal epithelial cell ; intravital imaging ; small intestine ; immune system ; barley ; β-glucan ; microarray ; short chain fatty acids ; lipid metabolism. ; low molecular weight ; fermentation ; prebiotics ; Autreobasidium pullulans ; 3-1 ; 6-glucan ; physiological function ; oat beta-glucan ; colitis ; Crohn’s disease ; apoptosis ; autophagy ; TLRs ; Dectin-1 ; rats ; L cell ; glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) ; glucose tolerance ; short-chain fatty acids ; sIgA ; microbiota ; randomized clinical trial ; symptoms ; gastrointestinal tract ; musculo-skeletal system ; oats ; oatmeal ; beta-glucan ; beta glucan ; health claim ; regulation ; food-health relationship ; gastritis ; inflammatory process ; antioxidant properties ; paramylon ; abdominal fat ; DNA microarray ; gene ontology ; PPAR signaling ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Keywords: Laurus nobilis ; medicinal plant ; mobile genomic elements ; germplasm characterization ; Mediterranean region ; chloroplast ; Ipomoea batatas ; simple sequence repeat ; sweet potato ; plant germplasm ; landrace rice ; fat-soluble nutraceuticals ; β-sitosterol ; genetic variability ; cluster analysis ; Solanum melongena ; germplasm ; Greece ; islands ; mainland ; phenotyping ; genotyping ; mineral composition ; landraces ; genetic diversity ; genetic structure ; Panax ginseng ; Triticum turgidum ; HMW glutenins ; LMW glutenins ; gluten quality ; non-allelic interactions ; combined analysis ; evolution ; genetic resources ; Zea mays ; Blumeria graminis ; disomic addition line ; molecular cytogenetics ; wheat ; Psathyrostachys huashanica ; natural variation ; maize ; root length ; domestication selection ; ZmMADS60 gene ; genetic basis ; GWAS ; eating and cooking qualities ; rice ; genetic variation ; eggplant ; cropping condition ; yield ; agro-morphological characterization ; chili pepper ; gene bank ; molecular markers ; morphological descriptor ; DArTseq markers ; GBS ; Triticum aestivum ; starch ; SNP ; InDel ; CAPS ; intron-loss ; NGS ; phosphorus use efficiency ; phosphorus ; proteomics ; grain hardness ; PIN ; kernel texture ; triticum ; SKCS ; Cucumis sativum ; downy mildew ; genetics ; inheritance ; oomycetes ; resistance ; rice genotypes ; blast resistant genotype ; genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ; phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) ; heritability values ; DArT SNP markers ; early maturity ; heat and drought tolerance ; salt stress ; nitrogen metabolism ; oxidative stress response ; G6PDH ; GDH ; GS/GOGAT ; Triticum aestivum L. ; γ-gliadins ; Gli-B1 ; polymorphism ; PCR analysis ; ginseng ; genetic composition ; SSR ; fonio ; fonio millet ; white fonio ; Digitaria exilis ; agro morphological descriptors ; phenotypic diversity ; neglected and underutilized species (NUS) ; genetic improvement ; catechin ; phytochemicals ; targeted-oriented core collection ; tea germplasm ; agronomic performance ; correlation analysis ; malawi ; pigeonpea ; yield stability ; bermudagrass ; forage breeding ; genetic parameters ; genotype by harvest interaction ; Tifton 85 ; accessions ; descriptors ; anthracnose ; Colletotrichum lentis ; disease screening ; lentil ; plant resistance ; tall wild pea ; Pisum sativum subsp. elatius ; neoplasm ; pea weevil ; Bruchus pisorum ; expressivity ; Africa ; cowpea ; microsatellites ; Aegilops ; triticale ; leaf rust ; stripe rust ; yellow rust ; Puccinia ; drought ; Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; plant breeding ; rhizobia ; stress ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint focuses on proteins as critical components of plant cell walls. They contribute not only to the overall architecture of the walls but also to the rearrangement of the cell wall polymers to enable growth, differentiation, and appropriate responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, thus allowing the adaptation of plants to their changing environment. Different experimental approaches are illustrated and the roles of a set of protein families are described. Moreover, new concepts involving the role of cell wall proteins in organ morphogenesis through calcium signaling are discussed.
    Keywords: Brachypodium ; cell wall ; nucleus ; zygotic embryo ; arabinogalactan proteins ; cellulose ; pectin ; matricellular proteins ; SOS5 ; periostin ; Mpb83 ; cellulase ; glycosyl hydrolase family 9 ; carbohydrate binding module (CBM) ; bioinformatics ; RT-qPCR ; morphogenesis ; cell wall protein ; hechtian oscillator ; calcium signaling ; H+-ATPase ; nutrients ; root system architecture ; Glycine max ; XTH gene family ; transgenic soybean ; plant genome ; plant hormone ; flooding ; root plasticity ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Class III peroxidase ; Medicago truncatula ; microdomains ; phylogenetics ; plasma membrane ; protein–protein interaction ; Oryza sativa ; tonoplast ; Zea mays ; pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI), pectin ; homogalacturonan (HG) ; cell wall properties ; degree of methylesterification (DM) ; stress ; development ; applications ; fasciclin-like AGP ; FLA ; evolution ; phylogeny ; plant cell wall ; proteome ; monocot ; stiff brome ; rice ; sugarcane ; Brachypodium distachyon ; Saccharum spp. ; extensins ; immunohistochemistry ; leaf ; temperature stress ; plant cell walls ; plasmodesmata ; callose ; callose synthase ; DUF642 family ; homogalacturonans ; plant development ; pectins ; EXO70 ; exocyst complex ; phosphatidic acid ; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ; phospholipids ; plasma membrane domains ; polar exocytosis ; trichome ; phosphate starvation ; Pi mobilization ; roots ; grain ; remodeling ; polysaccharide ; wheat ; Phyllotaxis ; auxin ; acid growth ; Hechtian oscillator ; plasma membrane ion fluxes ; n/a ; green lineage ; modeling ; PAC domain ; plant ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The aim of this second Eng Special Issue is to collect experimental and theoretical re-search relating to engineering science and technology. The general topics of Eng are as follows: electrical, electronic and information engineering; chemical and materials engineering; energy engineering; mechanical and automotive engineering; industrial and manufacturing engineering; civil and structural engineering; aerospace engineering; biomedical engineering; geotechnical engineering and engineering geology; and ocean and environmental engineering. Therefore, the following editorial is a selection of representative works of these topics.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; Environment Management ; Environmental Engineering ; Chemical Engineering ; Materials Engineering&nbsp ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue was to publish high-quality papers on poultry nutrition and the inter-relations between nutrition, metabolism, gut microflora, and poultry performance. Therefore, we present here original research articles in the following topics:- the nutrient requirements of poultry;- the impact of dietary fibre on poultry health and performance;- the use of feed additives to improve gut microflora and performance;- the effect of feeding on poultry meat and egg quality;- factors that cause variation in feed ingredients used in poultry diets;- alternative feed ingredients for use in poultry feed formulations;- the impact of gastrointestinal pH on nutrient bioavailability and the intestinal microbiota in poultry;- phytate and xylan ‘susceptibility’ in relation to the effects of enzymes;- factors that influence reactivity and enzyme efficacy;- in vitro models to determine the digestibility of poultry diets.
    Keywords: geese ; feeding ; rye ; oats ; slaughter value ; quality traits ; date by-product ; date stone ; poultry ; nutritive value ; production performance ; amino acids ; broiler ; heat stress ; heat tolerance ; protein metabolism ; microbial metabolites ; gastrointestinal peptides ; glycolipid metabolism ; chicken ; high temperature ; regulatory factors ; protein degradation ; growth ; broilers ; betaine ; performance ; meat quality ; blood constituents ; ZnNPs ; CurNPs ; Bacillus ; microbial aspects ; acute heat stress ; cecum metagenome ; insoluble fiber ; steam-exploded pine ; antioxidant ; growth performance ; gut microbiota ; quercetin ; protease ; dietary protein ; nutrient utilization ; organic ; aromatic plants ; laying hens ; Salvia officinalis L. ; malondialdehyde (MDA) ; Enterobacteriaceae ; poultry fat ; plasma lipid ; muscle FAs content ; aging corn ; oxidative stress ; broiler performance ; intestinal health ; microbiota ; fermented feed ; laying hen ; cecal microbiota ; gut health ; nutrition ; egg quality ; rapeseed cake ; fermentation ; hydrobarothermal treatment ; age ; amino acid ; barley ; corn ; digestibility ; PBMCs ; primary cell culture ; immunomodulating compounds ; breast ; carcass traits ; cinnamon bark ; L-arginine ; in ovo feeding ; antioxidant capacity ; slow-growing chicken ; non-starch polysaccharide degradation ; nutrient digestibility ; ginger ; hematological parameters ; curcumin ; physiological efficiency ; poultry welfare ; stress ; turkey ; neurodegeneration ; methionine ; lysine ; arginine ; Gallus domesticus ; Tribulus Terrestris ; histology ; liver ; kidney ; intestine ; phytase ; bone mineralization ; phytate phosphorus ; broiler chickens ; Acacia Senegal ; performance, gene expression ; morphology ; broiler breeder ; glycerol ; mineral ; superdosing ; yolk sac ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue presents an extract from the reality of smart agriculture, where the combination of modern technologies, innovative solutions, and sustainable approaches to food production classifies this part of science as highly interdisciplinary, multifaceted, and technologically advanced. The need to increase productivity, optimize natural resources, and minimize environmental impact requires new approaches. In this context, smart agriculture is emerging as a solution that combines technology, data, and science to achieve sustainable, efficient, and innovative food production. This Special Issue introduces the field of smart farming, which encompasses a range of advanced technologies. The use of these tools allows for the monitoring and optimization of crop conditions, precise fertilization, the minimization of water and energy usage, and the improvement of crop quality and quantity. In addition, plant monitoring systems are described, which, by means of sensors and data analysis, provide farmers with valuable information about plant health, soil moisture, temperature, and other factors affecting crop growth. A significant part of this monograph deals with the automation of agricultural processes, where robots and machines undertake tasks with high precision and accuracy, contributing to the farmer’s efficiency. This Special Issue aims not only to provide an understanding of smart agriculture but to also inspire the reader to think about the future of agriculture and the ways in which modern food production methods can be improved.
    Keywords: recirculating aquaculture system ; variable-flow regulation model ; circulating pump-drum filter linkage working technique ; machine learning methods ; gene algorithm support vector machine ; controlled environment agriculture ; digital twin ; productivity ; architecture ; optimization ; NDVI ; image processing ; SURF ; SIFT ; SVM ; BP algorithm ; performance ; sweet pepper ; deep neural network ; sprouts ; stimulation with a pulsed magnetic field ; micro and macro components ; ICP-OES ; ground pressure ; paddy soil ; seeding skateboard ; internet of things ; wireless measurement system ; calcium ; magnesium ; phosphorus ; potassium ; copper ; iron ; manganese ; sodium ; zinc ; wild leafy vegetables ; real-time kinematic (RTK) ; precision agriculture ; ISO standard ; global positioning system (GPS) ; GLONASS ; agricultural tractor ; Korean ginseng ; root-rot-disease ; plant segmentation ; deep learning ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; convolutional neural network ; corn insect ; electrical fields ; magnetic fields ; high-voltage electric field ; growth of fruits ; ripening of fruits ; shelf life of fruits ; fungicide resistance ; PCR ; broad-spectrum fungicides ; Fusarium solani ; toxicity ; asymmetric machine-tractor unit ; motion ; stability ; resistance coefficients ; amplitude-frequency characteristic ; phase-frequency characteristic ; quality parameters ; firmness ; total soluble solid ; titratable acidity ; dry matter ; respiration rate ; apple fruit ; model predictive control ; energy management system ; renewable energy ; smart irrigation ; agriculture 4.0 ; maize bulk ; kernel breakage ; vertical pressure ; deformation ; heat production ; sustainable ; agriculture ; rural ; mobile internet technology ; bivariate probit model ; agricultural modernization ; Pakistan ; wheat ; smart ; Zea mays ; stalk diseases ; crop rotation ; stubble ; suppressive soils ; biomass combustion ; broadleaved tree ; pulsed electric field ; calorific value ; UV-C radiation ; stress response ; mechanical properties ; stimulation ; potato tuber ; CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) ; terminal velocity ; winnowing machine separation ; chili pepper harvester ; water and fertilizer integration ; pH adjustment ; BP-PID-Smith algorithm ; estimated compensation ; convolutional neural networks ; MATLAB ; hybrid system ; mobile application ; aeration ; airflow resistance ; pore volume ; semi-empirical modelling ; self-compaction ; spatial and temporal ; energy ; environmental contamination ; lettuce ; life cycle assessment ; winter wheat ; leaf greenness index (SPAD) ; protein ; photosynthesis ; nitrogen ; smart agriculture ; weed management ; crop productivity ; computer vision ; analytical procedure ; forklift truck ; interchangeable equipment ; static stability assessment ; typical meteorological sequence ; typical meteorological week ; wastewater treatment ; high-rate algae pond ; solar irradiance ; Finkelstein-Schafer statistics ; southern rice ; threshing loss ; fuzzy PID ; adaptive algorithm ; hilly mountainous areas ; rapeseed pod ; surface area measurement ; 3-D measurement ; side area of oblique cylinders ; rapeseed pod seed testing machine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field.
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; Secale montanum ; Secale strictum ; QTL mapping ; molecular marker ; self-incompatibility ; fertility ; seed set ; abiotic stress ; cell homeostasis ; heterologous host synthetic approach ; terpenophenolics ; brown spot ; ACT ; fungus culture filtrate ; mycotoxin ; fruit development ; fruit gauge ; VPD ; Mangifera indica ; cell division ; cell expansion ; ripening ; pulegone ; isomenthone ; menthone ; thymol ; p-cymene ; chemotypes ; seasonal variation ; enantiomeric distribution ; label-free proteomics ; Panax ginseng ; ginsenosides ; cytochrome p450 ; UDP-glycosyltransferase ; MEP pathway ; MVA pathway ; TCA/acetone ; methanol/chloroform ; endophytes ; foliar pathogens ; pathogenicity ; taxonomy ; Thymus vulgaris ; Crithmum maritimum ; leather artifacts ; essential oils ; anti-bacterial activity ; Euphorbia dendroides L. ; aerial parts ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; toxicity ; calcium oxalate crystals ; colleter ; extrafloral nectaries ; resin gland ; bud protection ; plant-environment interaction ; carbohydrate metabolism ; microarray ; crop ; rice ; productivity ; endosperm ; geometry ; morphology ; seed shape ; Vitaceae ; exDNA ; environmental DNA ; DNA sensing ; self-DNA inhibition ; autotoxicity ; plant response ; DAMP ; PAMP ; EDAP ; climate change ; food security ; Mediterranean countries ; sustainable exploitation ; phytogenetic resources ; candidate gene ; quantitative trait locus ; recombinant inbred line ; soybean drought tolerance ; weighted drought coefficient ; antioxidants ; biostimulants ; biotic stress ; GABA ; metabolism ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; signaling ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; bacterial functions ; co-presence networks ; metagenomics ; microbial ecology ; plant domestication ; trace element ; plant nutrient ; salinity ; antioxidant defense system ; glyoxalase system ; biochar ; licorice ; soil enzymes ; nutrients ; root system ; ALS ; BCAA ; low oxygen ; flooding ; AIP1 ; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver ; trait variations ; probability grading ; quantitative traits ; planting models ; leaves ; cytokinin ; TD-K ; thidiazuron ; INCYDE ; CPPU ; isopentenyl transferase ; IPT ; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase ; CKX ; wheat ; barley ; yield ; cucumber ; QTL-seq ; SNP markers ; white immature fruit skin color ; ecological costs ; germination models ; herbicide resistance ; hydrotime ; target-site resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; sodium hypochlorite ; generalized regression neural network ; genetic algorithm ; scarification ; seed dormancy ; plant tissue culture ; foliar descriptors ; leaf area ; models ; vine leaves ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; genotype by sequencing (GBS) ; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ; reference genome ; plastid markers ; DNA barcoding ; ISSR markers ; Egyptian barley ; agro-morphological traits ; cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; biplot ; drought stress ; drying processes ; mathematical model ; plant hydric stress tolerance ; rate of weight loss ; RWLMod ; water evaporation ; photosynthesis ; elevated CO2 ; Rubisco ; electron transport ; light ; diurnal cycle ; sexual propagation ; cold stratification ; in situ ; ex situ ; plant endemism ; Morocco ; biodiversity ; ex-situ conservation ; protocols ; germplasm ; forest berries ; brushing ; lettuce ; chicory ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant capacity ; Ziziphus lotus ; phenolics ; SH-SY5Y cell line ; chromatography ; Koelreuteria paniculata ; dry ethanol extracts ; GC-MS analysis ; chemical compounds ; antitumor and antimicrobial activities ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; plant-derived secondary metabolites (PDSM) ; cell suspension culture (CSC) ; bioreactor engineering ; apple ; Golden Delicious ; Top Red ; fruitlet thinners ; light reactions ; electron transport rate ; photoprotective mechanism ; state transitions ; PSII repair cycle ; vegetation structure ; environmental variables ; PC-ORD ; plant community assembly ; Himalaya ; allopolyploidy ; interspecific hybridization ; unreduced gametes ; cytological diploidization ; genomic changes ; root length ; root/shoot ratio ; specific root length ; Saragolle Lucana ; seed coating ; heavy metals ; evolution ; hyperaccumulation ; black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) ; anthocyanin stability ; herbs ; co-pigmentation ; color stability ; functional foods/beverages ; biotechnological tools ; ethnomedicine ; in vitro culture ; genetic improvement ; pollen ; tip growth ; calcium ; calcium dependent protein kinase ; Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor ; ROP GTPase ; RhoGDI displacement factor ; polarity ; guar ; gene expression ; qRT-PCR ; RNA-Seq ; salt stress ; salt tolerance ; stress ; transcriptome ; D-tagatose ; IFP48 ; induced resistance ; sweet immunity ; sugar-enhanced defense ; Plasmopara viticola ; Botrytis cinerea ; Vitis vinifera ; human diet ; edible wild plants ; Plantago coronopus L. ; Rumex acetosa L. ; Cichorium intybus L. ; Artemisia dracunculus L. ; phytochemistry ; anti-inflammatory properties ; stem photosynthesis ; hydraulic recovery ; soaking ; X-ray micro-CT ; bark water uptake ; embolism ; genetic resources ; Solanaceae ; Cucumis ; Lactuca ; diversity ; vegetables ; genebank ; essential oil ; iNOS ; interleukin ; lavenders ; NF-κB ; glycosyltransferases ; ER-Golgi trafficking ; mechanism of protein sorting ; COPI and COPII complexes ; sequences and motifs involved in trafficking ; Arabidopsis ; gene regulation ; protein-protein interaction ; transcription factor ; WRI1 ; TCP20 ; lipases ; lipid metabolism ; plant-environment interactions ; reproductive development ; vegetative development ; Urtica dioica ; soilless systems ; cultivated nettle ; stress factors ; functional properties ; preharvest sprouting ; MKK3 ; maternal and paternal expressed genes ; imprinted genes ; polycomb repressive complex 2 ; mRNA processing bodies ; ribonucleic binding proteins ; monosomes ; ethylene ; elicitors ; fruit ripening ; ACC synthase/oxidase ; GC-MS ; polyamines ; Vigna genus ; introgression ; hybridisation ; phylogeny ; de novo domestication ; feralisation ; novel ecosystems ; complex networks ; tree communities ; Lantana camara ; Prosopis juliflora ; ascorbic acid ; genetic diversity ; molecular markers ; aquaculture pond sediment ; recovery ; Triticum aestivum ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; wheat grass juice quality ; UV-B radiation ; olive tree ; metabolomic ; phenolic profile ; lipophilic profile ; ecophysiology ; environment ; arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis ; comparative transcriptomics ; Arum-type ; Paris-type ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Rhizophagus irregularis ; Gigaspora margarita ; Camelina sativa ; semi-arid lands ; biofuel feedstock ; biodiesel ; renewable diesel ; crop breeding ; transgenesis ; genome editing ; Xanthomonas euvesicatoria ; host associate factor ; comparative genomics ; Cannabis sativa L. ; chemovars ; secondary metabolites ; trichomes ; residual by-products ; biogeography ; cardioid ; islands ; geometric models ; Mediterranean flora ; Silene ; super-ellipse ; abscisic acid ; aromatic herb ; ascorbate-glutathione cycle ; jasmonic acid ; lipoic acid ; oxidative stress ; salicylic acid ; Salvia officinalis ; drought ; state of stress ; tolerance ; avoidance ; stress survival ; amino acids ; nitrate reductase ; glutamine synthetase ; plants mycorrhized ; dark septate ; Daphne genkwa ; Thymelaeaceae ; flavonoids ; design of experiments ; blooming stages ; germination stimulant ; witchweed ; methyl phenlactonoates (MPs) ; Nijmegen-1 ; weed ; plant development ; vasculature ; leaf traces ; structure ; microtomography ; Euphorbiaceae ; in vitro crop ; gamma radiation ; ionizing radiation ; mutants ; Fumaria scheleicheri Soy. Will. ; isoquinoline alkaloids ; HPLC-DAD ; in vitro anti-cholinesterase ; cytotoxic ; antioxidant ; ABC model ; hop ; transcription factors ; type-II MADS box ; type-I MADS-box ; AFLP ; carpological traits ; genetic structure ; molecular systematics ; plastid phylogeny ; Valerianaceae ; auxins ; embryogenic calli ; HPLC ; IAA ; immunohistochemistry ; deficit irrigation ; grape quality ; phenology ; plant diseases ; bacterium ; symptoms ; molecular classification ; common juniper ; common larch ; Cupressaceae ; Pinaceae ; SPME-GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; herbicidal activity ; weed control ; trait association ; GCV ; genetic variability ; genetic advance ; heritability ; PCV ; Cicer arietinum L. ; gold nanoparticles ; carbon nanotubes ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; machine learning techniques ; principal component analysis ; support vector machine classification ; citrus ; melanose ; Diaporthe citri ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis ; resistance-nodulation-cell division transporter ; type-three secretion system ; phytoalexin ; brassinin ; glucosinolate ; cabbage ; flowering ; juvenile traits ; genetic stability ; flow cytometry ; somaclonal variation ; thorniness ; carbohydrates ; protein ; lipids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; plastome ; Plicosepalus acaciae ; Plicosepalus curviflorus ; loranthaceae ; mistletoe ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastome structure ; comparative analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Solanum tuberosum ; multi-exponential transverse relaxation ; water stress ; broccoli ; human nutrition ; improved health ; melatonin ; postharvest ; apricot ; pollen tube ; pollination ; Prunus armeniaca ; S-alleles ; Populus ; hexokinase ; sucrose metabolism ; sugar signaling ; stress and defense ; centres of origin ; crop wild relatives ; crop domestication ; cryopreservation ; conservation ; in vitro storage ; ecosystem restoration ; plant breeding ; acidification ; alkalinisation ; bud burst ; freezing ; Malus domestica ; pH ; Picea abies ; Pinus cembra ; histone modification ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; natural rubber ; high light stress ; singlet oxygen ; signalling ; GPX5 ; beta cyclocitral ; acrolein ; glutathione peroxidase ; carbonyl ; transcription ; SLIM1 transcription factor ; sulfur deficiency ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; sulfate transporter ; sulfate assimilation ; stress tolerance ; LRR-RLK receptors ; dodders ; parasitic plants ; proteomics ; virus vertical transmission ; CMV-Fny strain ; pseudorecombinant virus ; chimeric virus ; infection rate ; seed-growth tests ; electron microscopy ; circular dichroism spectroscopy ; viral assembly ; Adiantetea capilli-veneris ; demographic analysis ; ecology ; IUCN ; plant conservation ; phytosociology ; rupicolous habitat ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field.
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; Secale montanum ; Secale strictum ; QTL mapping ; molecular marker ; self-incompatibility ; fertility ; seed set ; abiotic stress ; cell homeostasis ; heterologous host synthetic approach ; terpenophenolics ; brown spot ; ACT ; fungus culture filtrate ; mycotoxin ; fruit development ; fruit gauge ; VPD ; Mangifera indica ; cell division ; cell expansion ; ripening ; pulegone ; isomenthone ; menthone ; thymol ; p-cymene ; chemotypes ; seasonal variation ; enantiomeric distribution ; label-free proteomics ; Panax ginseng ; ginsenosides ; cytochrome p450 ; UDP-glycosyltransferase ; MEP pathway ; MVA pathway ; TCA/acetone ; methanol/chloroform ; endophytes ; foliar pathogens ; pathogenicity ; taxonomy ; Thymus vulgaris ; Crithmum maritimum ; leather artifacts ; essential oils ; anti-bacterial activity ; Euphorbia dendroides L. ; aerial parts ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; toxicity ; calcium oxalate crystals ; colleter ; extrafloral nectaries ; resin gland ; bud protection ; plant-environment interaction ; carbohydrate metabolism ; microarray ; crop ; rice ; productivity ; endosperm ; geometry ; morphology ; seed shape ; Vitaceae ; exDNA ; environmental DNA ; DNA sensing ; self-DNA inhibition ; autotoxicity ; plant response ; DAMP ; PAMP ; EDAP ; climate change ; food security ; Mediterranean countries ; sustainable exploitation ; phytogenetic resources ; candidate gene ; quantitative trait locus ; recombinant inbred line ; soybean drought tolerance ; weighted drought coefficient ; antioxidants ; biostimulants ; biotic stress ; GABA ; metabolism ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; signaling ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; bacterial functions ; co-presence networks ; metagenomics ; microbial ecology ; plant domestication ; trace element ; plant nutrient ; salinity ; antioxidant defense system ; glyoxalase system ; biochar ; licorice ; soil enzymes ; nutrients ; root system ; ALS ; BCAA ; low oxygen ; flooding ; AIP1 ; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver ; trait variations ; probability grading ; quantitative traits ; planting models ; leaves ; cytokinin ; TD-K ; thidiazuron ; INCYDE ; CPPU ; isopentenyl transferase ; IPT ; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase ; CKX ; wheat ; barley ; yield ; cucumber ; QTL-seq ; SNP markers ; white immature fruit skin color ; ecological costs ; germination models ; herbicide resistance ; hydrotime ; target-site resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; sodium hypochlorite ; generalized regression neural network ; genetic algorithm ; scarification ; seed dormancy ; plant tissue culture ; foliar descriptors ; leaf area ; models ; vine leaves ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; genotype by sequencing (GBS) ; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ; reference genome ; plastid markers ; DNA barcoding ; ISSR markers ; Egyptian barley ; agro-morphological traits ; cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; biplot ; drought stress ; drying processes ; mathematical model ; plant hydric stress tolerance ; rate of weight loss ; RWLMod ; water evaporation ; photosynthesis ; elevated CO2 ; Rubisco ; electron transport ; light ; diurnal cycle ; sexual propagation ; cold stratification ; in situ ; ex situ ; plant endemism ; Morocco ; biodiversity ; ex-situ conservation ; protocols ; germplasm ; forest berries ; brushing ; lettuce ; chicory ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant capacity ; Ziziphus lotus ; phenolics ; SH-SY5Y cell line ; chromatography ; Koelreuteria paniculata ; dry ethanol extracts ; GC-MS analysis ; chemical compounds ; antitumor and antimicrobial activities ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; plant-derived secondary metabolites (PDSM) ; cell suspension culture (CSC) ; bioreactor engineering ; apple ; Golden Delicious ; Top Red ; fruitlet thinners ; light reactions ; electron transport rate ; photoprotective mechanism ; state transitions ; PSII repair cycle ; vegetation structure ; environmental variables ; PC-ORD ; plant community assembly ; Himalaya ; allopolyploidy ; interspecific hybridization ; unreduced gametes ; cytological diploidization ; genomic changes ; root length ; root/shoot ratio ; specific root length ; Saragolle Lucana ; seed coating ; heavy metals ; evolution ; hyperaccumulation ; black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) ; anthocyanin stability ; herbs ; co-pigmentation ; color stability ; functional foods/beverages ; biotechnological tools ; ethnomedicine ; in vitro culture ; genetic improvement ; pollen ; tip growth ; calcium ; calcium dependent protein kinase ; Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor ; ROP GTPase ; RhoGDI displacement factor ; polarity ; guar ; gene expression ; qRT-PCR ; RNA-Seq ; salt stress ; salt tolerance ; stress ; transcriptome ; D-tagatose ; IFP48 ; induced resistance ; sweet immunity ; sugar-enhanced defense ; Plasmopara viticola ; Botrytis cinerea ; Vitis vinifera ; human diet ; edible wild plants ; Plantago coronopus L. ; Rumex acetosa L. ; Cichorium intybus L. ; Artemisia dracunculus L. ; phytochemistry ; anti-inflammatory properties ; stem photosynthesis ; hydraulic recovery ; soaking ; X-ray micro-CT ; bark water uptake ; embolism ; genetic resources ; Solanaceae ; Cucumis ; Lactuca ; diversity ; vegetables ; genebank ; essential oil ; iNOS ; interleukin ; lavenders ; NF-κB ; glycosyltransferases ; ER-Golgi trafficking ; mechanism of protein sorting ; COPI and COPII complexes ; sequences and motifs involved in trafficking ; Arabidopsis ; gene regulation ; protein-protein interaction ; transcription factor ; WRI1 ; TCP20 ; lipases ; lipid metabolism ; plant-environment interactions ; reproductive development ; vegetative development ; Urtica dioica ; soilless systems ; cultivated nettle ; stress factors ; functional properties ; preharvest sprouting ; MKK3 ; maternal and paternal expressed genes ; imprinted genes ; polycomb repressive complex 2 ; mRNA processing bodies ; ribonucleic binding proteins ; monosomes ; ethylene ; elicitors ; fruit ripening ; ACC synthase/oxidase ; GC-MS ; polyamines ; Vigna genus ; introgression ; hybridisation ; phylogeny ; de novo domestication ; feralisation ; novel ecosystems ; complex networks ; tree communities ; Lantana camara ; Prosopis juliflora ; ascorbic acid ; genetic diversity ; molecular markers ; aquaculture pond sediment ; recovery ; Triticum aestivum ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; wheat grass juice quality ; UV-B radiation ; olive tree ; metabolomic ; phenolic profile ; lipophilic profile ; ecophysiology ; environment ; arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis ; comparative transcriptomics ; Arum-type ; Paris-type ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Rhizophagus irregularis ; Gigaspora margarita ; Camelina sativa ; semi-arid lands ; biofuel feedstock ; biodiesel ; renewable diesel ; crop breeding ; transgenesis ; genome editing ; Xanthomonas euvesicatoria ; host associate factor ; comparative genomics ; Cannabis sativa L. ; chemovars ; secondary metabolites ; trichomes ; residual by-products ; biogeography ; cardioid ; islands ; geometric models ; Mediterranean flora ; Silene ; super-ellipse ; abscisic acid ; aromatic herb ; ascorbate-glutathione cycle ; jasmonic acid ; lipoic acid ; oxidative stress ; salicylic acid ; Salvia officinalis ; drought ; state of stress ; tolerance ; avoidance ; stress survival ; amino acids ; nitrate reductase ; glutamine synthetase ; plants mycorrhized ; dark septate ; Daphne genkwa ; Thymelaeaceae ; flavonoids ; design of experiments ; blooming stages ; germination stimulant ; witchweed ; methyl phenlactonoates (MPs) ; Nijmegen-1 ; weed ; plant development ; vasculature ; leaf traces ; structure ; microtomography ; Euphorbiaceae ; in vitro crop ; gamma radiation ; ionizing radiation ; mutants ; Fumaria scheleicheri Soy. Will. ; isoquinoline alkaloids ; HPLC-DAD ; in vitro anti-cholinesterase ; cytotoxic ; antioxidant ; ABC model ; hop ; transcription factors ; type-II MADS box ; type-I MADS-box ; AFLP ; carpological traits ; genetic structure ; molecular systematics ; plastid phylogeny ; Valerianaceae ; auxins ; embryogenic calli ; HPLC ; IAA ; immunohistochemistry ; deficit irrigation ; grape quality ; phenology ; plant diseases ; bacterium ; symptoms ; molecular classification ; common juniper ; common larch ; Cupressaceae ; Pinaceae ; SPME-GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; herbicidal activity ; weed control ; trait association ; GCV ; genetic variability ; genetic advance ; heritability ; PCV ; Cicer arietinum L. ; gold nanoparticles ; carbon nanotubes ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; machine learning techniques ; principal component analysis ; support vector machine classification ; citrus ; melanose ; Diaporthe citri ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis ; resistance-nodulation-cell division transporter ; type-three secretion system ; phytoalexin ; brassinin ; glucosinolate ; cabbage ; flowering ; juvenile traits ; genetic stability ; flow cytometry ; somaclonal variation ; thorniness ; carbohydrates ; protein ; lipids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; plastome ; Plicosepalus acaciae ; Plicosepalus curviflorus ; loranthaceae ; mistletoe ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastome structure ; comparative analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Solanum tuberosum ; multi-exponential transverse relaxation ; water stress ; broccoli ; human nutrition ; improved health ; melatonin ; postharvest ; apricot ; pollen tube ; pollination ; Prunus armeniaca ; S-alleles ; Populus ; hexokinase ; sucrose metabolism ; sugar signaling ; stress and defense ; centres of origin ; crop wild relatives ; crop domestication ; cryopreservation ; conservation ; in vitro storage ; ecosystem restoration ; plant breeding ; acidification ; alkalinisation ; bud burst ; freezing ; Malus domestica ; pH ; Picea abies ; Pinus cembra ; histone modification ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; natural rubber ; high light stress ; singlet oxygen ; signalling ; GPX5 ; beta cyclocitral ; acrolein ; glutathione peroxidase ; carbonyl ; transcription ; SLIM1 transcription factor ; sulfur deficiency ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; sulfate transporter ; sulfate assimilation ; stress tolerance ; LRR-RLK receptors ; dodders ; parasitic plants ; proteomics ; virus vertical transmission ; CMV-Fny strain ; pseudorecombinant virus ; chimeric virus ; infection rate ; seed-growth tests ; electron microscopy ; circular dichroism spectroscopy ; viral assembly ; Adiantetea capilli-veneris ; demographic analysis ; ecology ; IUCN ; plant conservation ; phytosociology ; rupicolous habitat ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Integrated crop management involves several eco-friendly measures combined to sustain production. The integration of these management practices leads to improved soil health and crop productivity. However, the benefits of Integrated Crop Management are largely influenced by the environment, soil type and fertility, and crop type. Mono-cropping systems or the use of the same crop rotation have led to reduced soil quality, favoring insect pest infestation and reducing farm profits. This Special Issue focuses on the impacts of Integrated Crop Management practices on soil health, crop productivity, and a reduction in the impacts of expected climate change on crop production in a sustainable manner.
    Keywords: hybrid rice ; nutrient management practices ; production and profitability ; Fusarium foot rot ; Indian dwarf wheat ; tillering ; powdery mildew ; Persian wheat ; root rot ; yield components ; manure ; crop production ; soil enzymes ; plant nutrients ; respiration ; microbial biomass ; essential oil ; zeolite ; gelatin ; encapsulation ; pest control ; allelopathy ; barley ; cropping systems ; soil quality ; weed biocontrol ; regression model ; epidemiological variable ; M. persicae ; PLRV ; management ; sorghum ; locations ; P-K levels ; fodder quality ; yield traits ; tropical conditions ; osmopriming ; grain yield ; grain B concentration ; boron-tolerant bacteria ; biological control ; sustainable ; natural predation ; habitat management ; sucking pests ; mixed cropping ; legume ; microbial diversity ; biochar ; nitrogen cycling ; rice ; hybrid ; desirable ; agricultural traits ; adaptation ; Honglian ; Gossypium hirsutum ; Egyptian clover ; canola ; wheat ; economic analyses ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field.
    Keywords: Secale cereale ; Secale montanum ; Secale strictum ; QTL mapping ; molecular marker ; self-incompatibility ; fertility ; seed set ; abiotic stress ; cell homeostasis ; heterologous host synthetic approach ; terpenophenolics ; brown spot ; ACT ; fungus culture filtrate ; mycotoxin ; fruit development ; fruit gauge ; VPD ; Mangifera indica ; cell division ; cell expansion ; ripening ; pulegone ; isomenthone ; menthone ; thymol ; p-cymene ; chemotypes ; seasonal variation ; enantiomeric distribution ; label-free proteomics ; Panax ginseng ; ginsenosides ; cytochrome p450 ; UDP-glycosyltransferase ; MEP pathway ; MVA pathway ; TCA/acetone ; methanol/chloroform ; endophytes ; foliar pathogens ; pathogenicity ; taxonomy ; Thymus vulgaris ; Crithmum maritimum ; leather artifacts ; essential oils ; anti-bacterial activity ; Euphorbia dendroides L. ; aerial parts ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; toxicity ; calcium oxalate crystals ; colleter ; extrafloral nectaries ; resin gland ; bud protection ; plant-environment interaction ; carbohydrate metabolism ; microarray ; crop ; rice ; productivity ; endosperm ; geometry ; morphology ; seed shape ; Vitaceae ; exDNA ; environmental DNA ; DNA sensing ; self-DNA inhibition ; autotoxicity ; plant response ; DAMP ; PAMP ; EDAP ; climate change ; food security ; Mediterranean countries ; sustainable exploitation ; phytogenetic resources ; candidate gene ; quantitative trait locus ; recombinant inbred line ; soybean drought tolerance ; weighted drought coefficient ; antioxidants ; biostimulants ; biotic stress ; GABA ; metabolism ; phytohormones ; reactive oxygen species ; signaling ; tricarboxylic acid cycle ; bacterial functions ; co-presence networks ; metagenomics ; microbial ecology ; plant domestication ; trace element ; plant nutrient ; salinity ; antioxidant defense system ; glyoxalase system ; biochar ; licorice ; soil enzymes ; nutrients ; root system ; ALS ; BCAA ; low oxygen ; flooding ; AIP1 ; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver ; trait variations ; probability grading ; quantitative traits ; planting models ; leaves ; cytokinin ; TD-K ; thidiazuron ; INCYDE ; CPPU ; isopentenyl transferase ; IPT ; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase ; CKX ; wheat ; barley ; yield ; cucumber ; QTL-seq ; SNP markers ; white immature fruit skin color ; ecological costs ; germination models ; herbicide resistance ; hydrotime ; target-site resistance ; hydrogen peroxide ; sodium hypochlorite ; generalized regression neural network ; genetic algorithm ; scarification ; seed dormancy ; plant tissue culture ; foliar descriptors ; leaf area ; models ; vine leaves ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; genotype by sequencing (GBS) ; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ; reference genome ; plastid markers ; DNA barcoding ; ISSR markers ; Egyptian barley ; agro-morphological traits ; cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; biplot ; drought stress ; drying processes ; mathematical model ; plant hydric stress tolerance ; rate of weight loss ; RWLMod ; water evaporation ; photosynthesis ; elevated CO2 ; Rubisco ; electron transport ; light ; diurnal cycle ; sexual propagation ; cold stratification ; in situ ; ex situ ; plant endemism ; Morocco ; biodiversity ; ex-situ conservation ; protocols ; germplasm ; forest berries ; brushing ; lettuce ; chicory ; phytochemicals ; antioxidant capacity ; Ziziphus lotus ; phenolics ; SH-SY5Y cell line ; chromatography ; Koelreuteria paniculata ; dry ethanol extracts ; GC-MS analysis ; chemical compounds ; antitumor and antimicrobial activities ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; plant-derived secondary metabolites (PDSM) ; cell suspension culture (CSC) ; bioreactor engineering ; apple ; Golden Delicious ; Top Red ; fruitlet thinners ; light reactions ; electron transport rate ; photoprotective mechanism ; state transitions ; PSII repair cycle ; vegetation structure ; environmental variables ; PC-ORD ; plant community assembly ; Himalaya ; allopolyploidy ; interspecific hybridization ; unreduced gametes ; cytological diploidization ; genomic changes ; root length ; root/shoot ratio ; specific root length ; Saragolle Lucana ; seed coating ; heavy metals ; evolution ; hyperaccumulation ; black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) ; anthocyanin stability ; herbs ; co-pigmentation ; color stability ; functional foods/beverages ; biotechnological tools ; ethnomedicine ; in vitro culture ; genetic improvement ; pollen ; tip growth ; calcium ; calcium dependent protein kinase ; Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor ; ROP GTPase ; RhoGDI displacement factor ; polarity ; guar ; gene expression ; qRT-PCR ; RNA-Seq ; salt stress ; salt tolerance ; stress ; transcriptome ; D-tagatose ; IFP48 ; induced resistance ; sweet immunity ; sugar-enhanced defense ; Plasmopara viticola ; Botrytis cinerea ; Vitis vinifera ; human diet ; edible wild plants ; Plantago coronopus L. ; Rumex acetosa L. ; Cichorium intybus L. ; Artemisia dracunculus L. ; phytochemistry ; anti-inflammatory properties ; stem photosynthesis ; hydraulic recovery ; soaking ; X-ray micro-CT ; bark water uptake ; embolism ; genetic resources ; Solanaceae ; Cucumis ; Lactuca ; diversity ; vegetables ; genebank ; essential oil ; iNOS ; interleukin ; lavenders ; NF-κB ; glycosyltransferases ; ER-Golgi trafficking ; mechanism of protein sorting ; COPI and COPII complexes ; sequences and motifs involved in trafficking ; Arabidopsis ; gene regulation ; protein-protein interaction ; transcription factor ; WRI1 ; TCP20 ; lipases ; lipid metabolism ; plant-environment interactions ; reproductive development ; vegetative development ; Urtica dioica ; soilless systems ; cultivated nettle ; stress factors ; functional properties ; preharvest sprouting ; MKK3 ; maternal and paternal expressed genes ; imprinted genes ; polycomb repressive complex 2 ; mRNA processing bodies ; ribonucleic binding proteins ; monosomes ; ethylene ; elicitors ; fruit ripening ; ACC synthase/oxidase ; GC-MS ; polyamines ; Vigna genus ; introgression ; hybridisation ; phylogeny ; de novo domestication ; feralisation ; novel ecosystems ; complex networks ; tree communities ; Lantana camara ; Prosopis juliflora ; ascorbic acid ; genetic diversity ; molecular markers ; aquaculture pond sediment ; recovery ; Triticum aestivum ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; wheat grass juice quality ; UV-B radiation ; olive tree ; metabolomic ; phenolic profile ; lipophilic profile ; ecophysiology ; environment ; arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis ; comparative transcriptomics ; Arum-type ; Paris-type ; Solanum lycopersicum ; Rhizophagus irregularis ; Gigaspora margarita ; Camelina sativa ; semi-arid lands ; biofuel feedstock ; biodiesel ; renewable diesel ; crop breeding ; transgenesis ; genome editing ; Xanthomonas euvesicatoria ; host associate factor ; comparative genomics ; Cannabis sativa L. ; chemovars ; secondary metabolites ; trichomes ; residual by-products ; biogeography ; cardioid ; islands ; geometric models ; Mediterranean flora ; Silene ; super-ellipse ; abscisic acid ; aromatic herb ; ascorbate-glutathione cycle ; jasmonic acid ; lipoic acid ; oxidative stress ; salicylic acid ; Salvia officinalis ; drought ; state of stress ; tolerance ; avoidance ; stress survival ; amino acids ; nitrate reductase ; glutamine synthetase ; plants mycorrhized ; dark septate ; Daphne genkwa ; Thymelaeaceae ; flavonoids ; design of experiments ; blooming stages ; germination stimulant ; witchweed ; methyl phenlactonoates (MPs) ; Nijmegen-1 ; weed ; plant development ; vasculature ; leaf traces ; structure ; microtomography ; Euphorbiaceae ; in vitro crop ; gamma radiation ; ionizing radiation ; mutants ; Fumaria scheleicheri Soy. Will. ; isoquinoline alkaloids ; HPLC-DAD ; in vitro anti-cholinesterase ; cytotoxic ; antioxidant ; ABC model ; hop ; transcription factors ; type-II MADS box ; type-I MADS-box ; AFLP ; carpological traits ; genetic structure ; molecular systematics ; plastid phylogeny ; Valerianaceae ; auxins ; embryogenic calli ; HPLC ; IAA ; immunohistochemistry ; deficit irrigation ; grape quality ; phenology ; plant diseases ; bacterium ; symptoms ; molecular classification ; common juniper ; common larch ; Cupressaceae ; Pinaceae ; SPME-GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; herbicidal activity ; weed control ; trait association ; GCV ; genetic variability ; genetic advance ; heritability ; PCV ; Cicer arietinum L. ; gold nanoparticles ; carbon nanotubes ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; machine learning techniques ; principal component analysis ; support vector machine classification ; citrus ; melanose ; Diaporthe citri ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis ; resistance-nodulation-cell division transporter ; type-three secretion system ; phytoalexin ; brassinin ; glucosinolate ; cabbage ; flowering ; juvenile traits ; genetic stability ; flow cytometry ; somaclonal variation ; thorniness ; carbohydrates ; protein ; lipids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; plastome ; Plicosepalus acaciae ; Plicosepalus curviflorus ; loranthaceae ; mistletoe ; phylogenetic relationship ; plastome structure ; comparative analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Solanum tuberosum ; multi-exponential transverse relaxation ; water stress ; broccoli ; human nutrition ; improved health ; melatonin ; postharvest ; apricot ; pollen tube ; pollination ; Prunus armeniaca ; S-alleles ; Populus ; hexokinase ; sucrose metabolism ; sugar signaling ; stress and defense ; centres of origin ; crop wild relatives ; crop domestication ; cryopreservation ; conservation ; in vitro storage ; ecosystem restoration ; plant breeding ; acidification ; alkalinisation ; bud burst ; freezing ; Malus domestica ; pH ; Picea abies ; Pinus cembra ; histone modification ; Taraxacum kok-saghyz ; natural rubber ; high light stress ; singlet oxygen ; signalling ; GPX5 ; beta cyclocitral ; acrolein ; glutathione peroxidase ; carbonyl ; transcription ; SLIM1 transcription factor ; sulfur deficiency ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; sulfate transporter ; sulfate assimilation ; stress tolerance ; LRR-RLK receptors ; dodders ; parasitic plants ; proteomics ; virus vertical transmission ; CMV-Fny strain ; pseudorecombinant virus ; chimeric virus ; infection rate ; seed-growth tests ; electron microscopy ; circular dichroism spectroscopy ; viral assembly ; Adiantetea capilli-veneris ; demographic analysis ; ecology ; IUCN ; plant conservation ; phytosociology ; rupicolous habitat ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book presents the advances in plant salinity stress and tolerance, including mechanistic insights revealed using powerful molecular tools and multi-omics and gene functions studied by genetic engineering and advanced biotechnological methods. Additionally, the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the improvement of plant salinity tolerance and the underlying mechanisms and progress in breeding for salinity-tolerant rice are comprehensively discussed. Clearly, the published data have contributed to the significant progress in expanding our knowledge in the field of plant salinity stress and the results are valuable in developing salinity-stress-tolerant crops; in benefiting their quality and productivity; and eventually, in supporting the sustainability of the world food supply.
    Keywords: watermelon ; salt stress ; RNA-seq ; amino acids ; endocytosis ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; halophyte ; high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) ; Na+ transporter ; salt tolerance ; Sporobolus virginicus ; aquaporins ; barley ; ion transport ; oocytes ; plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) ; GmbZIP15 ; transcription factor ; drought stress ; soybean ; biotechnology breeding ; high-throughput sequencing ; QTLs ; rice ; halophytic wild barley ; salinity ; osmotic stress ; metabolome ; transcriptome ; ionome ; stress adaptation ; Hordeum marinum ; aquaporin ; Zygophyllum xanthoxylum ; plant growth ; abiotic stress ; sensing ; signaling ; transcription factors ; osmoregulation ; antioxidation ; ion homeostasis ; jasmonates ; jasmonate signaling pathway ; crosstalk ; exogenous jasmonate applications ; GWAS ; PGPR ; ACC deaminase ; seed priming ; IAA ; cell wall integrity ; cell wall sensor ; LRXs ; CrRLK1Ls ; Millettia pinnata ; calmodulin-like ; heterologous expression ; halophiles ; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) ; RNA sequence analysis (RNA-seq) ; quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to their lightweight and high specific strength, Mg-based alloys are considered as substitutes to their heavier counterparts in applications in which corrosion is non-relevant and weight saving is of importance. Furthermore, due to the biocompatibility of Mg, some alloys with controlled corrosion rates are used as degradable implant materials in the medical sector. The typical processing route of Mg parts incorporates a casting step and, subsequently, a thermo–mechanical treatment. In order to achieve the desired macroscopic properties and thus fulfill the service requirements, thorough knowledge of the relationship between the microstructure, the processing steps, and the resulting property profile is necessary. This Special Issue covers in situ and ex situ experimental and computational investigations of the behavior under thermo–mechanical load of Mg-based alloys utilizing modern characterization and simulation techniques. The papers cover investigations on the effect of rare earth additions on the mechanical properties of different Mg alloys, including the effect of long-period stacking-ordered (LPSO) structures, and the experimental and computational investigation of the effect of different processing routes
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; abiotic stress response ; photosynthesis ; phosphoglycolate phosphatase ; photorespiration ; 2-phosphoglycolate ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; glycolate oxidase ; protein phosphorylation ; Zea mays ; Portulaca grandiflora ; C4 photosynthesis ; Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), evolution ; development ; PEP carboxylase ; Portulacaceae ; glycine decarboxylase ; metabolite signaling/acclimation ; TCA cycle ; Calvin–Benson cycle ; photoperiodic changes ; redox-regulation ; environmental adaptation ; Glycolate oxidase ; evolution ; Archaeplastida ; Cyanobacteria ; MCF ; oxidative phosphorylation ; mitochondrial carriers ; transporters ; energy balancing ; cyclic electron flux ; malate valve ; C3 cycle ; acclimation ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; fluctuating light ; natural variation ; pyruvate kinase ; glycolysis ; respiratory metabolism ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Mixed cropping, also known as inter-cropping or co-cultivation, is a plant production system that involves planting two or more species (or cultivars) in the same field in a variable order—row or rowless—simultaneously. Mixed cropping plays an important role in sustainable agriculture by adding value to crop rotations and agroecosystems. Scientific investigations on environmentally friendly mixed cropping should be supported by studies on the direct costs and long-term benefits that are the most relevant to farmers. Meeting the need to strengthen the scientific basis for mixed crops, the papers in this Special Issue enhance our understanding of the following: The selection of species and cultivars for a mixed crop system as well as the choice of agricultural treatments that will secure a stable yield of mixtures; Inter- and intra- species competition of plants in a canopy; Ecological intensification approaches and opportunities for maximizing crop performance and yield in mixtures; The effects of mixed crops on crop rotations; The short- and long-term ecosystem benefits of mixtures; The effects on pests and the biodiversity of agroecosystems provided by mixtures; The economic aspects of adopting the mixtures in farms; The nutritive value of mixtures for livestock; Other topics related to the mixed cropping.
    Keywords: barley ; oats ; triticale ; yield ; leaf area index ; land equivalent ratio ; standard gross margin ; brachiaria ; cereal-livestock production ; perception ; push-pull technology ; smallholder farmers ; proximity effect ; border effect ; neighbor effect ; strip intercropping ; legume ; cereals ; Hordeum vulgare ; Lolium multiflorum ; phosphorus ; water stress ; competition indices ; plant development stages ; spring cereal mixtures ; grain yield ; protein yield ; metabolic energy yield ; differentiations of cereal mixture ; sustainable agriculture ; maize ; Zea mays L. ; biodiversity ; intercropping ; silage ; growth ; quality ; non-legume ; mixed crop ; herbivores ; pest population ; natural enemy ; cereal–legume mixture ; common vetch ; cultivar ; soil quality ; cereal-legume mixture ; organic farming ; conventional farming ; leaf greenness index ; seed yield ; yield components ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: How have our interactions with animals shaped Calgary? What can we do to ensure that humans and animals in the city continue to co-exist, and even flourish together? This wide-ranging book explores the ways that animals inhabit our city, our lives and our imaginations. Essays from animal historians, wildlife specialists, artists and writers address key issues such as human-wildlife interactions, livestock in the city, and animal performers at the Calgary Stampede. Contributions from some of Calgary's iconic arts institutions, including One Yellow Rabbit Performance Theatre, Decidedly Jazz Danceworks, and the Glenbow Museum, demonstrate how animals continue to be a source of inspiration and exploration for fashion, art, dance, and theatre. The full-colour volume is beautifully illustrated throughout with archival images, wildlife photography, documentary and production stills, and original artwork. Calgary: City of Animals is published in co-operation with the Calgary Institute for the Humanities.
    Keywords: Nature ; Animals ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book contains a collection of recent peer-reviewed articles on the topic "Crop Adaptation to Elevated CO2 and Temperature" published in Plants. Topics range from meta-analyses of crop responses, to descriptions and results of large-scale screening efforts, to molecular studies of changes in gene expression related to fruit quality.
    Keywords: adaptation ; breeding ; CO2 ; CWR ; seed yield ; goji berry ; sugar metabolism ; elevated CO2 ; functional domain ; gene cloning and expression ; Lens culinaris ; climate change adaptation ; root development ; root depth distribution ; climate change ; heat stress ; nitrogen assimilation ; nitrogen metabolism ; nitrogen uptake ; Solanum ; tomato ; warming ; Solanum tuberosum ; tuber ; sink organ ; ambient temperature ; cell proliferation ; grain quality ; cereals ; yield and quality ; high [CO2] ; predicted future climate ; high temperature ; grain quality traits ; drought stress ; Genovese cultivar ; photosynthesis ; stomatal conductance ; chlorophyll ; carotenoids ; antioxidant defense metabolites ; early growth stage ; ethylene ; IAA conjugates ; indole-3-acetic acid ; invasiveness ; lupine seedlings ; simulated conditions ; warming simulation ; grain yield ; biomass ; bread wheat ; genotypes ; barley ; CO2 enrichment ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; water-use efficiency ; yield ; gravitropic angle of curvature ; initial root ; lateral root number ; primary root ; root system architecture ; simulated warming ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Environmental abiotic stresses, such as extreme temperatures, drought, excess light, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, have detrimental effects on plant growth, development, and yield. Plants are equipped with various adaptation mechanisms to cope with such unfavorable conditions. Our understanding of plants’ abiotic stress responses is crucial to maintaining efficient plant productivity. This book on the responses of plants to environmental stresses is an attempt to find answers to several basic questions related to their adaptation and protective mechanisms against abiotic stresses. The following chapters of the book describe examples of plants’ protective strategies, which cover physiological, cellular, biochemical, and genomic mechanisms. This book is aimed for use by advanced students and researchers in the area of stress biology, plant molecular biology and physiology, agriculture, biochemistry, as well as environmental sciences.
    Keywords: Heterogeneous water stress ; Phyllostachys edulis ; Rhizome ; Vascular bundle ; Stress Signal ; Physiological characteristics ; isoprene ; ocimene ; heat stress ; water stress ; ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich) ; transcriptome ; nitrogen deficiency ; resilience ; nitrogen-use efficiency ; eggplant ; heat shock factor ; gene family ; expression profile ; abiotic stress ; Malus. ‘Prairifire’ ; photosynthetic characteristics ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; 2-dimensional electrophoresis ; diurnal regulation ; OsGI ; rice ; U-box E3 ligase ; barley ; ABC gene family ; gene expression ; alarm photosynthesis ; Antarctic ; oxalate oxidase ; Elymus sibiricus, seed aging ; isobaric tandem mass tag labeling ; reactive oxygen species ; parallel reaction monitoring ; Dendrobium catenatum ; superoxide dismutase (SOD) ; stresses ; antioxidative enzyme activity ; low pH ; proline ; protein ; wheat ; WRKY transcription factor ; gene structural characteristics ; regulatory mechanism ; drought ; salinity ; heat ; cold ; ultraviolet radiation ; rainfed ; irrigated ; Gossypium hirsutum ; antioxidant activity ; growth inhibition ; ion homeostasis ; salt stress ; rhizoboxes ; gaseous exchange ; sub-Saharan Africa ; root length density
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Over the last few years, the subject of food authenticity and food fraud has received increasing attention from consumers and other stakeholders, such as government agencies and policymakers, control labs, producers, industry, and the research community. Among the different approaches aiming to identify, tackle, and/or deter fraudulent practices in the agri-food sector, the development of new, fast, and accurate methodologies to evaluate food authenticity is of major importance. This book, entitled “Target and Non-Target Approaches for Food Authenticity and Traceability”, gathers original research and review papers focusing on the development and application of both targeted and non-targeted methodologies applied to verify food authenticity and traceability. The contributions regard different foods, among which some are frequently considered as the most prone to adulteration, such as olive oil, honey, meat, and fish. This book is intended for readers aiming to enrich their knowledge through reading contemporary and multidisciplinary papers on the topic of food authentication.
    Keywords: COIBar–RFLP (cytochrome oxidase I barcode–restriction fragment length polymorphism) ; seafood ; fraud ; DNA barcoding ; food authenticity ; food adulteration ; food fraud ; donkey ; cytochrome b ; real-time PCR ; meat products ; honey ; regional origin ; chemometric analysis ; mineral content ; Montenegro ; Sepia ; common cuttlefish ; Sepia officinalis ; real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) ; species identification ; food authentication ; COI (Cytochrome Oxidase I) ; Olea europaea var Sylvestris ; oleaster ; olive ; olive oil ; adulteration ; SNP ; DNA ; virgin olive oil ; quality ; volatile compounds ; sensory analysis ; chemometrics ; anti food fraud ; Curcuma longa ; DNA markers ; SYBR-GREEN real-time PCR ; Zea mays ; pasta ; Triticum aestivum ; Triticum durum ; genetic traceability ; digital PCR ; semolina ; species ; truffle ; Tuber spp. ; species differentiation ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; red deer ; roe deer ; water deer ; multiplex PCR ; capillary electrophoresis ; perilla ; sesame ; geographic origin ; metabolomics ; multivariate analysis ; metabolite profiling ; quantification ; chicken ; guinea fowl ; pheasant ; quail ; turkey ; authentication ; authenticity ; chemometric ; fish ; origin ; meat ; milk ; spectroscopy ; 1H-NMR ; GC-MS ; HPLC-UV/VIS ; protein hydrolysate ; free amino acid contents ; ProHydrAdd ; monofloral honey ; direct analysis in real time (DART) ; high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) ; geographical origin ; Ginkgo biloba ; plant infusions ; real-time polymerase chain reaction ; DNA extraction ; opium poppy ; seed ; pollen grains ; bakery product ; oil ; PCR ; Salmo salar L. ; fatty acids ; mislabeling ; machine learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: Animal Metropolis brings a Canadian perspective to the growing field of animal history, ranging across species and cities, from the beavers who engineered Stanley Park to the carthorses who shaped the city of Montreal. Some essays consider animals as spectacle: orca captivity in Vancouver, polar bear tourism in Churchill, Manitoba, fish on display in the Dominion Fisheries Museum, and the racialized memory of Jumbo the elephant in St. Thomas, Ontario. Others examine the bodily intimacies of shared urban spaces: the regulation of rabid dogs in Banff, the maternal politics of pure milk in Hamilton and the circulation of tetanus bacilli from horse to human in Toronto. Another considers the marginalization of women in Canada’s animal welfare movement. The authors collectively push forward from a historiography that features nonhuman animals as objects within human-centered inquiries to a historiography that considers the eclectic contacts, exchanges, and cohabitation of human and nonhuman animals. With contributions by: Kristoffer Archibald, Jason Colby, George Colpitts, Joanna Dean, Carla Hustak, Darcy Ingram, Sean Kheraj, William Knight, Sherry Olson, Rachel Poliquin, and Christabelle Sethna
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropology ; Environmental Science ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue on ‘Advances in Cereal Crops Breeding’ comprises 10 papers covering a wide range of subjects, including the expression-level investigation of genes in terms of salinity stress adaptations and their relationships with proteomics in rice, the use of genetic analysis to assess the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in promising hybrids of maize, the use of DNA markers based on PCR in rice, the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in wheat and simple sequence repeats (SSR) in rice, the use of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in cereals, and Nanopore direct RNA sequencing of related with LTR RNA retrotransposon in triticale prior to the genomic selection of heterotic maize hybrids.
    Keywords: maize ; density tolerance ; combining ability ; gene effects ; genetic diversity ; rice ; salinity ; submergence tolerance ; blast ; SSR markers ; PCR analysis ; long non-coding RNAs ; seed development ; Nanopore sequencing ; retrotransposons ; triticale ; prediction accuracy ; mixed linear and Bayesian models ; machine learning algorithms ; training set size and composition ; parametric and nonparametric models ; drought stress ; dendrogram ; barley ; breeding ; marker-assisted selection ; genes ; genetic resources ; genome editing ; health benefits ; metabolomics ; oat ; QTL ; wheat ; Triticum aestivum L. ; QMrl-7B ; root traits ; grain yield ; nitrogen use efficiency ; GWAS ; salinity tolerance ; Vietnamese landraces ; abiotic stress ; root ; auxin ; YUCCA ; PIN ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Many agricultural crops worldwide suffer from zinc (Zn) deficiency. Despite widespread interest in Zn, plant professionals often lack current information on this indispensable essential mineral nutrient. G. Hacisalihoglu, PhD, in Unraveling the Mechanisms of Zinc Efficiency in Crop Plants, and a host of recognized experts address this gap with the up-to-date importance of Zn nutrition. This book examines research aimed at understanding how plants uptake and utilize Zn. It has been peer-reviewed and multi-authored by expert plant biology scientists with related expertise. The editor provides a comprehensive overview of zinc (Zn) nutrition in plants, seeds, roots, and soil, which renders this book a good reference for plant biology professionals. Agricultural sustainability in the time of the growing world population will be one of the major challenges in the next 30 plus years. Zn is one of the most important essential mineral nutrients required for metabolic processes, so a shortage of Zn constrains crop yield and quality worldwide. Zinc efficiency and higher growth and yield under low Zn supply make it a promising sustainable solution for developing cultivars that are zinc efficient. Several articles are included in this book that provide an overview of current developments and trends in the times of high-throughput genomics and phenomics data analysis. Furthermore, this book presents research findings in various experimental models and areas ranging from maize to alfalfa, flax, and sorghum.Unraveling the Mechanisms of Zinc Efficiency in Crop Plants is a must read for researchers and plant biology professionals.
    Keywords: zinc ; sustainability ; food security ; seed quality ; zinc efficiency ; staple foods ; crops ; functional genomics ; homeostasis ; hormonal regulation ; iron ; maize ; malnutrition ; photosynthesis ; Adsorption ; desorption ; landscape position ; isotherm ; plant available Zn ; bioindication ; bryophytes ; moss ; cell shape ; particulate matter ; biofortification ; micronutrients ; nutrient uptake ; plant nutrition ; ZIP transporters ; nicotianamine ; metal tolerance protein (MTP) ; yellow stripe-like protein (YSL) ; zinc-induced facilitators (ZIF) ; heavy metal transporters (HMA) ; sodium selenate ; zinc sulfate ; cereal ; rainfed conditions ; forage yield ; 65Zn ; soil ; soil solution ; barley ; lability ; specific activity ; potential buffer capacity ; forms ; labile zinc pool ; silicon ; Zn-deficiency ; Zn-sufficiency ; Zn re-fertilization ; n/a ; nutrient dense ; superfood ; multi minerals ; health benefits ; gluten free ; percent daily value ; elevated CO2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The alleged responsibility of meats and processed meat products for some of our population’s major health issues has created an opportunity for the promotion of meat analogs. This emerging competition forces the need for changes in livestock production systems for improving nutritive value and obtaining healthier and safer meat products. The morbidity and mortality attributed to Salmonella and other pathogens remain a public health issue. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing intervention technologies to control such pathogens. Beef is packaged with an array of healthy nutrients and is the highest valued livestock product. However, staples (e.g., pork, poultry) and some co-products can also be nutrient dense and/or provide a unique sensory experience with advantageous technological quality. Carcass yield is a major determinant of livestock value. Hence, objective technologies are strongly needed to effectively segregate the heterogeneous supply of carcasses into homogeneous groups in yield of cuts. Not all meats are created equal, and differences in their intrinsic characteristics may be expected when they are produced in different regions and under diverse production schemes. Nevertheless, reports aiming to characterize meats originated from different zones (e.g., tropical latitudes) are scarce. This Special Issue of Foods, “Progress on Nutrient Composition, Meat Standardization, Grading, Processing, and Safety for Different Types of Meat Sources”, comprising fourteen peer-reviewed papers, is now being released as a book that will serve as an invaluable reference in addressing the current dearth of knowledge regarding the aforementioned topics, and is also envisaged to serve in updating food scientists and stakeholders of the meat value chain globally.
    Keywords: chicken fat by-products ; unsaturated fatty acids ; colour properties ; lipid profile ; beef ; lamb ; pork ; trace elements ; micronutrients ; fatty acids ; genomics ; heritability ; Campylobacter jejuni ; antimicrobials ; decontamination ; poultry ; chicken wings ; application method ; indicator bacteria ; chlorine dioxide ; rhamnolipids ; 1,3-Dibromo-5.5-dimethyl hydantoin ; interventions ; barley ; corn ; blend ; eating quality ; volatile compounds ; Salmonella spp. ; E. coli ; pathogen surrogates ; ozone intervention ; beef trim ; tropical ; meat quality ; nutrient ; composition ; beef primals ; computer vision system ; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ; mature cows ; rib-eye camera ; whole-side camera ; lactic acid ; UV-C ; Listeria monocytogenes ; LAB ; response surface methodology ; longissimus dorsii lumborum ; multivariate analyses ; proximate composition ; fatty acid profile ; mineral content ; carcass traits ; tropical beef cattle ; refrigerated meat shelf life ; microbial indicators ; vacuum packaging ; carcass chilling ; hot water intervention ; Salmonella ; chicken ; microbial intervention ; food-contact surfaces ; Pirenaica ; Protected Geographical Indication ; Ternera de Navarra ; Certified Angus Beef ; country of origin ; USDA standard ; sensory profile ; pig ; seaweed ; pork quality ; minerals ; proximal composition ; Macrocystis pyrifera ; n/a
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The essential principles of green chemistry are the use of renewable raw materials, highly efficient catalysts and green solvents linked with energy efficiency and process optimization in real-time. Experts from different fields show, how to examine all levels from the molecular elementary steps up to the design and operation of an entire plant for developing novel and efficient production processes.
    Keywords: Process Engineering ; Chemical Engineering ; Technical Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: The rising shortage of water resources in crop-producing regions worldwide and the need for irrigation optimisation call for sustainable water savings. The allocation of irrigation water will be an ever-increasing source of pressure because of vast agricultural demands under changing climatic conditions. Consequently, irrigation has to be closely linked with water-use efficiency with the aim of boosting productivity and improving food quality, singularly in those regions where problems of water shortages or collection and delivery are widespread. The present Special Issue (SI) showcases 19 original contributions, addressing water-use efficiency in the context of sustainable irrigation management to meet water scarcity conditions. These papers cover a wide range of subjects including (i) interaction mineral nutrition and irrigation in horticultural crops, (ii) sustainable irrigation in woody fruit crops, (iii) medicinal plants, (iv) industrial crops, and (v) other topics devoted to remote sensing techniques and crop water requirements, genotypes for drought tolerance, and agricultural management. The studies were carried out in both field and laboratory surveys, with modelling studies also being conducted, and a wide range of geographic regions are also covered. The collection of these manuscripts presented in this SI updates on and provides a relevant contribution for efficient saving water resources.
    Keywords: fruit size ; Manzanilla ; olive ; regulated deficit irrigation ; water potential ; water relation ; leaf area ; Manihot esculenta ; photosynthesis ; tuber ; water status ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive compounds ; growth ; hydroxycinnamic acids ; hydroponics ; preformed plastic mulch film ; crop water productivity ; biodegradation ; crop productivity ; spray-on mulch ; water use efficiency ; almond cultivars ; crop physiological response ; irrigation water productivity ; nut yield ; drip irrigation ; silicon ; mineral nutrients ; oxidative stress ; osmolytes ; yield ; Zea mays ; ERP ; GIS ; internet of things ; precision agriculture ; quality ; environment ; water ; software ; platform ; web application ; crop coefficient ; drought stress ; evapotranspiration ; maize ; water productivity ; Prunus dulcis ; Vairo ; water stress ; sustained deficit irrigation ; quality markers ; leaf greenness index ; root morphology ; almond quality ; sustainability ; marketability ; semiarid Mediterranean environment ; root components ; yield components ; fruit quality ; deficit irrigation ; leaf area index ; harvest index ; photosynthetic rate ; transpiration rate ; greenhouse ; in vitro culture ; apple ; cherries ; midday stem water potential ; sap flow ; stomatal conductance ; FDR probes and daily fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation ; abiotic stress ; Linum album Ky. ex Boiss. ; morphological properties ; phenology ; pigments ; diversity ; root length density ; root weight density ; root-shoot relationships ; benefit-cost ratio ; nitrogen ; root growth ; tomato ; water saving ; Jerusalem artichoke ; mineral fertilization ; irrigation ; diseases ; fungi ; crop suitability ; remote sensing ; ALES-Arid ; SEBAL ; landsat ; crop-water requirements ; smart farming ; crop-production functions ; food quality ; crop physiological response to drought scenarios ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The exploitation of biodiversity is essential to select resilient genotypes for sustainable cropping systems as one of the main challenges for plant breeding. Mapping traits of agronomic interest in specific genomic regions appears as another pivotal effort for the future development of novel cultivars. For this purpose, there is evidence that MAGIC and other exotic populations will play a major role in the coming years in allowing for impressive gains in plant breeding for developing new generations of improved cultivars. This Special Issue focused on the application of advanced technologies devoted to crop improvement and exploit the available biodiversity in crops. In detail, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies supported the development of high-density genotyping arrays for different plants included in this issue.
    Keywords: natural variation ; maize ; nucleotide diversity ; domestication selection ; ZmPGP1 gene ; Ipomoea batatas ; genetic diversity ; SSR markers ; qualitative traits ; pure lines ; F1 hybrids ; microsatellite markers ; marker-assisted breeding ; crop improvement ; varieties ; Fragaria ; Rubus ; microsatellites ; transferability ; polymorphism ; introns ; exons ; flavonoid biosynthesis pathway ; transcription factor genes ; chitinase ; multiple population ; linkage mapping ; JLAM ; QTL ; validation ; genomic prediction ; maize lethal necrosis ; herbaceous peony ; molecular marker ; next-generation sequencing ; pedigree ; Vicia faba L., genetic diversity ; in situ conservation ; Olea europaea L. ; olive ; cpSSR ; nuSSR ; population structure ; Mediterranean Region ; GWAS ; drought ; barley ; spikelet development ; candidate gene ; linkage map ; RAD ; Solanum melongena ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: The impacts of climate change on crop production are already a reality in Europe and across the rest of the world. In order to mitigate these impacts, access to unexploited genetic crop diversity for the production of new varieties that can thrive in more extreme environmental conditions is of prime importance. Herein, genetic diversity should provide the raw materials for breeding and plant improvements. Despite the vast pool of resources that exist, much of the germplasm richness found in gene banks is poorly documented. To overcome the barriers between germplasm conservation and use, a complete evaluation is necessary to determine the useful diversity they contain.This Special Issue focuses on “Old Germplasm for New Needs: Managing Crop Genetic Resources”. We gathered novel research, reviews, and opinion pieces covering all related topics, including germplasm evaluation, crop genetics and improvements, novel crops, phenotyping, physiological responses of inbred lines, management solutions, modeling, case studies from the field, and policy positions.
    Keywords: aromatic rice ; local variety ; gelatinization temperature ; badh2-E7 allele ; population structure ; Criollo cacao ; microsatellites ; genetic purity ; Central America ; Axiom 35K Wheat Breeders array ; genetic diversity ; wheat genotyping ; Solanum lycopersicum ; agro-biodiversity ; crops ; breeding ; DNA markers ; black soybean ; green cotyledon ; anthocyanin ; chlorophyll ; Lactuca sativa L. ; crisphead ; oak-leaf ; root system architecture ; tipburn ; nutritional imbalance ; breeding lines ; landraces ; phenotypic traits ; molecular markers ; almond descriptors ; conservation ; endangered cultivars ; fruit quality ; genetic resources ; Prunus dulcis ; MTSI ; multi-environment ; soybean ; seed compositions ; WAASB ; barley ; germplasm ; Hordeum vulgare ; landrace ; DArTseq ; anthocyanins ; black carrot ; bolting ; flavonoids ; glasshouse cultivation ; leaf ; nutrient analysis ; taproot ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    Berghahn Books | Berghahn Books
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Employing methodological perspectives from the fields of political geography, environmental studies, anthropology, and their cognate disciplines, this volume explores alternative logics of sentient landscapes as racist, xenophobic, and right-wing. While the field of sentient landscapes has gained critical attention, the literature rarely seems to question the intentionality of sentient landscapes, which are often romanticized as pure, good, and just, and perceived as protectors of those who are powerless, indigenous, and colonized. The book takes a new stance on sentient landscapes with the intention of dispelling the denial of “coevalness” represented by their scholarly romanticization.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Sociology ; Rural ; Nature ; Animals ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSF Rural communities ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WN Natural history::WNC Wildlife: general interest ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Sustainable agricultural practices are needed to provide food security for a growing global population. Food production is usually associated with high nutrient inputs in the form of mineral fertilizers. Since the beginning of agriculture, such practices have led to soil degradation and the release of environmental contaminants. In this Special Issue, we will focus on innovations in organic and inorganic fertilizer production. We welcome studies concerning new approaches for smart fertilizer development, including bioformulations with mineral particles, nanomaterials, and plant growth promoting microorganisms. We especially encourage authors taking advantage of ecological interactions to improve plant nutrient-use efficiency. Moreover, we would like to include contributions that focus on organic amendments to increase or propitiate the terrestrial C sequestration and stabilization, in order to contribute to mitigating climate change at the same time increasing food security by soil fertility, thus making win–win–win scenarios. Such techniques may concern, but are not limited to, innovative organic waste recycling procedures and new applications of mycorrhizae, rhizobioms, or free living soil bacteria and fungi.
    Keywords: earthworms ; frass ; insect excreta ; insect farming ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; soil fauna ; soil fertility ; waste management ; seed germination ; jellyfish ; blue fertilizer ; soil restoration ; soil amendments ; water use efficiency ; phosphorus sources ; P solubilization ; P acidulation ; relative agronomic efficiency ; pond sediments ; organic fertilizer ; mineral fertilizer ; cucumber ; integrated fish-vegetable farming ; Mekong Delta ; Crotalaria spectabilis ; C. juncea ; 15N natural abundance ; 13C isotopic composition ; transpiration efficiency ; aluminum toxicity ; antioxidant ; barley ; lignin ; phenols ; silicon ; calcareous soil ; humic acid ; phosphorus uptake ; single superphosphate ; wheat ; animal feedstuff ; circular economy ; fertilizer ; greenhouse ; insect larva ; organic waste ; leafy vegetable ; mineral nutrients ; soil structure ; chlorophyll content ; cation exchange capacity ; nitrogen fertilizer ; nitrification inhibitor ; nitrogen leaching ; nitrogen use efficiency ; 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) ; biochar ; compost ; isotopic signature ; carbon mineralization ; plant growth ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Epidemiological evidence from the last fifty years has demonstrated that nutrition plays a decisive role in human health. Eating properly is not only necessary to meet energy demands. It also actively contributes, through both preventive actions and therapeutic effects, to improving human wellness. Nutrition owes its functional role in human health to the biological activity of specific, small dietary molecules. Plants are the most important source of bioactive molecules, and dietary phytochemicals are mainly responsible for the documented protective effects of diets which are rich in plant foods. Dietary phytochemicals have attracted increasing interest in human nutrition research over the past few years due to their ability to exert several biological effects that are potentially useful for human health, In this Special Issue, the biological activity of dietary phytochemicals, either purified or in extracts from plant foods, and their potential effects on human health are addressed and investigated.
    Keywords: resveratrol ; bioactivities ; anticancer ; anti-obesity ; antidiabetes ; molecular mechanisms ; durum wheat bread ; Portulaca oleracea L. ; essential fatty acids ; omega-6/omega-3 ratio ; antioxidants ; Bangladesh ; vegetables ; polyphenols ; amylase ; glucosidase ; renin ; angiotensin-converting enzyme ; lipase ; mass spectrometry ; yeast ; antioxidant ; cytotoxicity ; bioavailability ; viability ; Punica granatum ; hydrolysable tannins ; flavonoids ; Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry ; tempura ; deep-fried product ; barley ; buckwheat ; Job’s tears ; antioxidant capacity ; oil deterioration ; polyphenol ; oxidative stress ; necroptosis ; plant extract ; secondary metabolite ; γH2AX ; copper ; African food spices ; GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) ; antimicrobial ; antibiofilm ; violacein inhibition ; swarming inhibition ; swimming inhibition ; anticholinesterase ; antiurease ; antityrosinase ; sensory analysis ; mineral content ; proanthocyanidins ; carotenoids ; antioxidant activity ; FRAP ; DPPH ; ABTS ; CAA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Plant viruses cause many of the most important diseases threatening crops worldwide. Over the last quarter of a century, an increasing number of plant viruses have emerged in various parts of the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics. As is generally observed for plant viruses, most of the emerging viruses are transmitted horizontally by biological vectors, mainly insects. Reverse genetics using infectious clones—available for many plant viruses—has been used for identification of viral determinants involved in virus–host and virus–vector interactions. Although many studies have identified a number of factors involved in disease development and transmission, the precise mechanisms are unknown for most of the virus–plant–vector combinations. In most cases, the diverse outcomes resulting from virus–virus interactions are poorly understood. Although significant advances have been made towards understand the mechanisms involved in plant resistance to viruses, we are far from being able to apply this knowledge to protect cultivated plants from the all viral threats.The aim of this Special Issue was to provide a platform for researchers interested in plant virology to share their recent results. To achieve this, we invited the plant virology community to submit research articles, short communications and reviews related to the various aspects of plant virology: ecology, virus–plant host interactions, virus–vector interactions, virus–virus interactions, and control strategies. This issue contains some of the best current research in plant virology.
    Keywords: whitefly ; begomovirus ; Vta1 ; virus transmission ; coat proteins ; membrane association ; topology ; cilevirus ; movement protein ; p29 capsid protein ; barley yellow dwarf virus ; BYDV ; wheat ; barley ; yield loss ; vectors ; aphids ; persistent virus ; Amalgaviridae ; synergism ; antagonism ; vsiRNAs ; miRNAs ; mixed-infections ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Cucumber mosaic virus ; genome-wide association studies ; plant–virus interaction ; seed transmission ; virulence ; callose ; coat protein ; plasmodesmata ; triple gene block ; viral suppressor ; virus movement ; virus replication complex ; TYLCD ; TYLCV ; tomato ; Solanum lycopersicum ; disease resistance ; plant breeding ; PAMP-triggered immunity ; effector-triggered immunity ; RNA silencing ; viral suppressors ; NIK1 ; PTI ; ETI ; geminiviruses ; host jumping ; viral evolution ; trade-off ; plant virus ; RNA virus ; potyvirus ; Plum pox virus ; VPg ; eIF4E ; high-throughput sequencing ; bioinformatics ; detection ; discovery ; MinION ; nanopore sequencing ; rolling circle amplification ; viral metagenomics ; CRESS DNA ; capulavirus ; homopolymer ; Begomovirus ; cucumber ; mechanical inoculation ; real-time PCR ; viral load ; QTLs ; resistance ; Geminiviridae ; sweepoviruses ; DNA satellites ; Deltasatellite ; helper virus range ; transreplication ; high-throughput sequencing (HTS) ; virus ; dsRNA ; total RNA ; OLV1 ; LRNV ; ToFBV ; ASGV ; host adaptation ; virus evolution ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Transfer cells are anatomically specialized cells optimized to support high levels of nutrient transport in plants. These cells trans-differentiate from existing cell types by developing extensive and localized wall ingrowth labyrinths to amplify plasma membrane surface area which in turn supports high densities of membrane transporters. Unsurprisingly, therefore, transfer cells are found at key anatomical sites for nutrient acquisition, distribution and exchange. Transfer cells are involved in delivery of nutrients between generations and in the development of reproductive organs and also facilitate the exchange of nutrients that characterize symbiotic associations. Transfer cells occur across all taxonomic groups in higher plants and also in algae and fungi. Deposition of wall ingrowth-like structures are also seen in “syncytia” and “giant cells” which function as feeding sites for cyst and root-knot nematodes, respectively, following their infection of roots. Consequently, the formation of highly localized wall ingrowth structures in diverse cell types appears to be an ancient anatomical adaption to facilitate enhanced rates of apoplasmic transport of nutrients in plants. In some systems a role for transfer cells in the formation of an anti-pathogen protective barrier at these symplastic discontinuities has been inferred. Remarkably, the extent of cell wall ingrowth development at a particular site can show high plasticity, suggesting that transfer cell differentiation might be a dynamic process adapted to the transport requirements of each physiological condition. Recent studies exploiting different experimental systems to investigate transfer cell biology have identified signaling pathways inducing transfer cell development and genes/gene networks that define transfer cell identity and/or are involved in building the wall ingrowth labyrinths themselves. Further studies have defined the structure and composition of wall ingrowths in different systems, leading in many instances to the conclusion that this process may involve previously uncharacterized mechanisms for localized wall deposition in plants. Since transfer cells play important roles in plant development and productivity, the latter being relevant to crop yield, especially so in major agricultural species such as wheat, barley, soybean and maize, understanding the molecular and cellular events leading to wall ingrowth deposition holds exciting promise to develop new strategies to improve plant performance, a key imperative in addressing global food security. This Research Topic presents a timely and comprehensive treatise on transfer cell biology to help define critical questions for future research and thereby generating a deeper understanding of these fascinating and important cells in plant biology.
    Keywords: QK1-989 ; Q1-390 ; Wall ingrowth ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; synctial cells ; Zea mays ; transfer cells ; endosperm transfer cells ; Giant Cells ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The onset of flowering is an important step during the lifetime of a flowering plant. During the past two decades, there has been enormous progress in our understanding of how internal and external (environmental) cues control the transition to reproductive growth in plants. Many flowering time regulators have been identified from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Most of them are assembled in regulatory pathways, which converge to central integrators which trigger the transition of the vegetative into an inflorescence meristem. For crop cultivation, the time of flowering is of upmost importance, because it determines yield. Phenotypic variation for this trait is largely controlled by genes, which were often modified during domestication or crop improvement. Understanding the genetic basis of flowering time regulation offers new opportunities for selection in plant breeding and for genome editing and genetic modification of crop species.
    Keywords: QH426-470 ; QK1-989 ; Q1-390 ; crop plants ; Phenological development ; Arabidopsis ; floral transition ; Prunus ; barley ; wheat ; rice ; Tomato ; BEET ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Wie werden Natur und Tiere durch die Multispezies-Ethnographie inklusiv in Forschungsprojekte integriert? Katharina Ameli fokussiert die inter- und multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Aus einer Untersuchung der Schnittstellen zwischen gesellschafts- und naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Fachdisziplinen ergibt sich eine komplexe Betrachtung von Natur, Mensch und Tier. Die Einblicke in Interdependenzen unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen verdeutlichen den Bedarf an einer Multispezies-Ethnographie zur Analyse von MenschenTiereNaturenKulturen.
    Keywords: Natur ; Mensch ; Tiere ; Naturverständnis ; Interdisziplinarität ; Qualitative Forschung ; Kultur ; Ethnographie ; Umwelt ; Tier ; Human-animal Studies ; Umweltsoziologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Nature ; Human ; Animals ; Understanding of Nature ; Interdisciplinarity ; Qualitative Research ; Culture ; Ethnography ; Environment ; Animal ; Environmental Sociology ; Cultural Anthropology ; Sociology of Culture ; Cultural Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to the mechanisms mediated at the molecular and cellular levels in response to adverse genomic perturbations and DNA replication stress. The relevant proteins and processes play paramount roles in nucleic acid transactions to maintain genomic stability and cellular homeostasis. A total of 18 articles are presented which encompass a broad range of highly relevant topics in genome biology. These include replication fork dynamics, DNA repair processes, DNA damage signaling and cell cycle control, cancer biology, epigenetics, cellular senescence, neurodegeneration, and aging. As Guest Editor for this IJMS Special Issue, I am very pleased to offer this collection of riveting articles centered on the theme of DNA replication stress. The blend of articles builds upon a theme that DNA damage has profound consequences for genomic stability and cellular homeostasis that affect tissue function, disease, cancer, and aging at multiple levels and through unique mechanisms. I thank the authors for their excellent contributions, which provide new insight into this fascinating and highly relevant area of genome biology.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; Werner Syndrome ; n/a ; A549 cells ; epigenetic ; neurodegeneration ; Genome integrity ; adaptation ; cellular senescence ; genome instability ; Werner Syndrome Protein ; lipofuscin ; cell cycle checkpoints ; exonuclease 1 ; template-switching ; energy metabolism ; mutation frequency ; DNA replication ; fork regression ; motor neuron disease ; Microsatellites ; Alzheimer’s disease ; chromatin remodeler ; repair of DNA damage ; AP site analogue ; mutagens ; replication timing ; Thermococcus eurythermalis ; nucleolar stress ; gene expression ; mutations spectra ; origin firing ; Fanconi Anemia ; superfamily 2 ATPase ; DNA translocation ; DNA repair ; SSB signaling ; homologous recombination ; common fragile sites ; 8-chloro-adenosine ; replication ; genome stability ; mutagenicity ; fork reversal ; multiple sclerosis ; non-B DNA ; protein stability ; heterogeneity ; ubiquitin ; SenTraGorTM (GL13) ; replication restart ; EdU ; ?-arrestin ; NER ; aging ; SSB end resection ; oxidative stress ; ATR ; dormant origins ; R loops ; DNA damage response ; Difficult-to-Replicate Sequences ; DNA double-strand repair ; endonuclease IV ; ALS ; double strand break repair ; premature aging ; replication stress ; EXO1 ; POL? ; translesion synthesis ; strand displacements ; G2-arrest ; DNA replication pattern ; SSB repair ; genome integrity ; G protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting protein 2 (GIT2) ; MMR ; replicative stress ; senolytics ; spacer ; interactome ; ATR-Chk1 DDR pathway ; C9orf72 ; replication fork restart ; translesion DNA synthesis ; DNA damage ; mismatch repair ; DNA replication stress ; DNA helicase ; Polymerase kappa ; DNA fiber assay ; H1299 cells ; TLS ; APE2 ; ageing ; cell death ; chromosome ; TopBP1 ; barley ; clock proteins ; post-translational modification ; 8-oxoG ; S phase ; ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) ; G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ; Polymerase eta ; cancer ; G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) ; helicase ; genomic instability ; Parkinson’s disease ; nucleotide excision repair ; SupF ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Sprouted grains are food ingredients widely appreciated for their improved nutritional, functional, organoleptic, and textural properties compared with non-germinated grains. In recent years, sprouting has been explored as a promising green food engineering strategy to improve the nutritional value of grains and the formation of secondary metabolites with potential application in the functional food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic markets. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of sprouting on the chemical composition, safety aspects, and technofunctional and chemopreventive properties of sprouted seeds and their derived flours and byproducts. The six articles included in this Special Issue present insightful findings on the most recent advances regarding new applications of sprouted seeds or products derived thereof, evaluations of the nutritional value and phytochemical composition of sprouts during production or storage, and explorations of their microbiological, bioactive, and technofunctional properties.
    Keywords: biochemical characteristic ; enzymatic browning ; inhibitory profile ; lentil ; sprouts ; polyphenol oxidase ; purification ; germinated oat ; avenanthramides ; colorectal cancer ; chemoprevention ; bran ; cell walls ; sprouting ; dough rheology ; bread-making ; microstructure ; barley ; germination ; flour ; RSM ; nutritional properties ; bioactive compounds ; quality ; melatonin ; bioavailability ; lentil sprouts ; phenolic compounds ; antioxidant status ; pharmacokinetics ; food safety ; legumes ; microbial contamination ; protein ; mineral ; seed germination ; nutritional value ; phytochemicals ; bioactivity ; health ; technological properties ; food development ; functional foods ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Allohexaploid bread wheat and diploid barley are two of the most cultivated crops in the world. This book reports novel research and reviews concerning the use of modern technologies to understand the molecular bases for wheat and barley improvement. The contributions published in this book illustrate research advances in wheat and barley knowledge using modern molecular techniques. These molecular approaches cover genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and phenomic levels, together with new tools for gene identification and the development of novel molecular markers. Overall, the contributions for this book lead to a further understanding of regulatory systems in order to improve wheat and barley performance.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; n/a ; biotechnology ; transgene ; Aegilops tauschii ; antioxidant enzymes ; aquaporin ; molecular marker ; Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) ; transgenic wheat ; purple acid phosphatase phytase ; genome editing ; genes ; resistance ; genome assembly ; germination ; protein two-dimensional electrophoresis ; 1 ; disease resistance ; Thinopyrum ; plant ; oligo probe ; optical mapping ; genetic biofortification ; breeding ; population structure ; marker-assisted selection ; crops ; hybrid necrosis ; PAPhy ; Triticeae ; wheat ; Barley ; genome stability ; CRISPR ; powdery mildew ; RNA editing ; bread wheat ; allohexaploid ; nucleus ; chromatin ; introgression ; favorable alleles ; genetic engineering ; Tunisian landraces ; barely ; Pm40 ; Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici ; Transcriptional dynamics ; Lr42 ; Triticum durum ; histochemical analysis ; molecular mapping ; ribosomal DNA ; 12-oxophytodienoate reductase ; small segment translocation ; HIGS ; Powdery mildew ; abiotic stress ; phytase ; RNA-seq ; Bulked segregant analysis-RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) ; grain ; DArTseq technology ; center of diversity ; mature grain phytase activity (MGPA) ; cereals ; Grain development ; hybrid ; homoeolog ; 3D-FISH ; jasmonates ; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; genetic diversity ; ND-FISH ; durum wheat ; protease ; transpiration ; TdPIP2 ; cereal cyst nematodes ; mass spectrometry ; 6R ; Landrace ; marker-trait associations ; BAC ; chromosome ; barley ; freezing tolerance ; KASP markers ; Triticum aestivum ; rye ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    University Press of Colorado | University Press of Colorado
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World explores the current trends in the social archaeology of human-animal relationships, focusing on the ways in which animals are used to structure, create, support, and even deconstruct social inequalities. The authors provide a global range of case studies from both New and Old World archaeology—royal Aztec dog burial, the monumental horse tombs of Central Asia, and the ceremonial macaw cages of ancient Mexico among them. They explore the complex relationships between people and animals in social, economic, political, and ritual contexts, incorporating animal remains from archaeological sites with artifacts, texts, and iconography to develop their interpretations. Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World presents new data and interpretations that reveal the role of animals, their products, and their symbolism in structuring social inequalities in the ancient world. The volume will be of interest to archaeologists, especially zooarchaeologists, and classical scholars of pre-modern civilizations and societies.  Contributors: Alejandra Aguirre Molina, Benjamin S. Arbuckle, Levent Atici, Douglas V. Campana, Roderick Campbell, Ximena Chá­vez Balderas, Pam J. Crabtree, Susan D. deFrance, Kitty F. Emery, Abigail Holeman, H. Edwin Jackson, Leonardo López Lujá­n, Michael MacKinnon, Arkadiusz Marciniak, Sue Ann McCarty, Neil L. Norman, Gilberto Perez, Bernardo Rodriguez, William A. Saturno, Ashley E. Sharpe, Nawa Sugiyama, Charlotte K. Sunseri, Naomi Sykes, Fabiola Torres, Raul Valadez, Norma Valentin Maldonado, Adam S. Watson, Joshua Wright, Belem Zuniga-Arelleno
    Keywords: History ; Ancient ; Social Science ; Archaeology ; Nature ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Advancements in high-throughput “Omics” techniques have revolutionized plant molecular biology research. Proteomics offers one of the best options for the functional analysis of translated regions of the genome, generating a wealth of detailed information regarding the intrinsic mechanisms of plant stress responses. Various proteomic approaches are being exploited extensively for elucidating master regulator proteins which play key roles in stress perception and signaling, and these approaches largely involve gel-based and gel-free techniques, including both label-based and label-free protein quantification. Furthermore, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, and protein–protein interactions provide deeper insight into protein molecular function. Their diverse applications contribute to the revelation of new insights into plant molecular responses to various biotic and abiotic stressors.
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; 14-3-3 proteins ; n/a ; targeted two-dimensional electrophoresis ; somatic embryogenesis ; nitrogen metabolism ; subtilase ; Sporisorium scitamineum ; non-orthodox seed ; antioxidant activity ; sweet potato plants infected by SPFMV ; photosynthesis ; B. acuminata petals ; chlorophyll deficiency ; seed proteomics ; imbibition ; pollination ; Sarpo Mira ; qRT-PCR ; holm oak ; tuber phosphoproteome ; isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) ; Quercus ilex ; nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase ; lettuce ; ?-subunit ; protein phosphatase ; germination ; drought stress ; pyruvate biosynthesis ; weakening of carbon metabolism ; differential proteins ; heterotrimeric G protein ; organ ; LC-MS-based proteomics ; potato proteomics ; smut ; gel-free/label-free proteomics ; ? subunit ; shotgun proteomics ; 2D ; chloroplast ; proteome functional annotation ; Phalaenopsis ; Clematis terniflora DC. ; wheat ; Dn1-1 ; carbon metabolism ; physiological responses ; Zea mays ; phenylpropanoid biosynthesis ; ISR ; mass spectrometric analysis ; patatin ; leaf ; pea (Pisum sativum L.) ; maize ; ergosterol ; Camellia sinensis ; seed storage proteins ; silver nanoparticles ; elevated CO2 ; metacaspase ; SPV2 and SPVG ; SnRK1 ; MALDI-TOF/TOF ; (phospho)-proteomics ; leaf spot ; rice isogenic line ; wheat leaf rust ; pathway analysis ; phosphoproteome ; sugarcane ; senescence ; Oryza sativa L. ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; heat stress ; gene ontology ; innate immunity ; Pseudomonas syringae ; bolting ; chlorophylls ; shoot ; Simmondsia chinensis ; RT-qPCR ; stresses responses ; Solanum tuberosum ; seeds ; GC-TOF-MS ; sucrose ; proteome ; Puccinia recondita ; cultivar ; Zea mays L. ; secondary metabolism ; ROS ; Ricinus communis L. ; after-ripening ; cadmium ; Stagonospora nodorum ; virus induced gene silencing ; quantitative proteomics ; sweet potato plants non-infected by SPFMV ; affinity chromatography ; population variability ; GS3 ; fungal perception ; ammonium ; transcriptome profiling ; mass spectrometry analysis ; papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP) ; cold stress ; nitrate ; late blight disease ; early and late disease stages ; seed imbibition ; lesion mimic mutant ; protease ; proteome map ; seed dormancy ; petal ; 2-DE proteomics ; 2D DIGE ; root ; Phytophthora infestans ; differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) ; polyphenol oxidase ; degradome ; flavonoid ; 14-3-3 ; caspase-like ; proteomics ; RGG4 ; co-infection ; plasma membrane ; chlorotic mutation ; Medicago sativa ; RGG3 ; glycolysis ; barley ; 2-DE ; protein phosphorylation ; western blotting ; N utilization efficiency ; rice ; plant pathogenesis responses ; high temperature ; data-independent acquisition ; pattern recognition receptors ; vegetative storage proteins ; leaf cell wall proteome ; plant-derived smoke ; iTRAQ ; starch ; proteome profiling ; Morus
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Neurodegenerative diseases are the most frequent cause of dementia, representing a burden for public health systems (especially in middle and middle-high income countries). Although most research on this issue is concentrated in first-world centers, growing efforts in South America are affording important breakthroughs. This emerging agenda poses new challenges for the region but also new opportunities for the field. This book aims to integrate the community of experts across the globe and the region, and to establish new challenges and developments for future investigation. We present research focused on neurodegenerative research in South America. We introduce studies assessing the interplay among genetic, neural, and behavioral dimensions of these diseases, as well as articles on vulnerability factors, comparisons of findings from various countries, and works promoting multicenter and collaborative networking. More generally, our book covers a broad scope of human-research approaches (behavioral assessment, neuroimaging, electromagnetic techniques, brain connectivity, peripheral measures), animal methodologies (genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, other molecular biology tools), species (all human and non-human animals, sporadic, and genetic versions), and article types (original research, review, and opinion papers). Through this wide-ranging proposal, we hope to introduce a fresh approach to the challenges and opportunities of research on neurodegeneration in South America.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; South America ; Multicenter research ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neurosciences ; Public Health ; Animals ; Clinical Protocols ; Research ; Human Experimentation ; Dementia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: drugs ; Behavior ; Memory tasks ; pre-clinical ; clinical ; Humans ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
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  • 45
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Since process models are nowadays ubiquitous in many applications, the challenges and alternatives related to their development, validation, and efficient use have become more apparent. In addition, the massive amounts of both offline and online data available today open the door for new applications and solutions. However, transforming data into useful models and information in the context of the process industry or of bio-systems requires specific approaches and considerations such as new modelling methodologies incorporating the complex, stochastic, hybrid and distributed nature of many processes in particular. The same can be said about the tools and software environments used to describe, code, and solve such models for their further exploitation. Going well beyond mere simulation tools, these advanced tools offer a software suite built around the models, facilitating tasks such as experiment design, parameter estimation, model initialization, validation, analysis, size reduction, discretization, optimization, distributed computation, co-simulation, etc. This Special Issue collects novel developments in these topics in order to address the challenges brought by the use of models in their different facets, and to reflect state of the art developments in methods, tools and industrial applications.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber ; n/a ; coagulation bath ; binder dissolution ; sensitivity analysis ; simulation ; neural networks ; kernel development ; thermodynamics ; phytochemicals ; wave resonance ; natural extracts ; population balance model ; optimization ; vane ; parameter estimation ; grey-box model ; observability ; optimal clustering ; energy ; idling test ; data-mining ; extents ; computational fluid dynamics ; scrap dissolution ; Combined Heat and Power ; dynamic optimization ; scrap melting ; swelling ; engineering ; dry-jet wet spinning process ; fluid bed granulation ; point estimation method ; algebraic modeling language ; Design of Experiments ; costing stopping ; materials ; hydration ; SOS programming ; kinetics ; moisture content ; CHP legislation ; model predictive control ; graph theory ; robust optimization ; dynamic converter modelling ; partial least square regression ; uncertainty ; state decoupling ; utility management ; fluidized bed drying ; reactor coolant pump ; condensation ; wheat germ ; cooking ; maximum wave amplitude ; moving horizon estimation ; gray-box model ; chemistry ; barley ; machine learning ; heat and mass balance ; equality constraints ; porridge ; process model validation ; Pharmaceutical Processes ; mathematical model ; model identification ; Mammalian Cell Culture ; process modeling ; parameter correlation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivative, an amino acid conjugate of JA (jasmonoyl isoleucine, JA-Ile), are signaling compounds involved in the regulation of defense and development in plants. The number of articles studying on JA has dramatically increased since the 1990s. JA is recognized as a stress hormone that regulates the plant response to biotic stresses such as herbivore and pathogen attacks, as well as abiotic stresses such as wounding and ultraviolet radiation. Recent studies have remarkably progressed the understanding of the importance of JA in the life cycle of plants. JA is directly involved in many physiological processes, including stamen growth, senescence, and root growth. JA regulates production of various metabolites such as phytoalexins and terpenoids. Many regulatory proteins involved in JA signaling have been identified by screening for Arabidopsis mutants. However, much more remains to be learned about JA signaling in other plant species. This Special Issue, “Jasmonic Acid Pathway in Plants”, contains 5 review and 15 research articles published by field experts. These articles will help with understanding the crucial roles of JA in its response to the several environmental stresses and development in plants.
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; transcription factor ; n/a ; ectopic metaxylem ; elicitor ; methyl jasmonate ; salicylic acid ; multiseeded ; Panax ginseng ; tea ; heterotrimeric G proteins ; Chinese flowering cabbage ; biosynthesis ; endocytosis ; jasmonic acid signaling ; MutMap ; JA-Ile ; gibberellic acid ; nitric oxide ; abiotic stresses ; MAP kinase ; light-sensitive ; transcriptional activation ; TIFY ; JAZ repressors ; JA ; gene expression ; environmental response ; xylogenesis ; priming ; jasmonate ; circadian clock ; phylogenetic analysis ; chloroplast ; Pogostemon cablin ; albino ; antioxidant enzyme activity ; stress ; Jas domain ; Zea mays ; auxin ; PatJAZ6 ; rice bacterial blight ; Tuscan varieties ; leaf senescence ; degron ; plant development ; Camellia sinensis ; AtRGS1 ; Prunus avium ; msd ; dammarenediol synthase ; sorghum ; jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway ; biological function ; ABA biosynthesis ; MYB transcription factor ; ethylene ; secondary metabolite ; cytokinin ; Nicotiana plants ; grain development ; grain number ; opr3 ; stress defense ; diffusion dynamics ; proline ; crosstalk ; ROS ; bioinformatics ; adventitious rooting ; ginsenoside ; jasmonates ; quantitative proteomics ; signaling ; signal molecules ; MeJA ; hypocotyl ; lipoxygenase ; jasmonic acid ; ancestral sequences ; proteomics ; Ralstonia solanacearum ; Jasmonate-ZIM domain ; signaling pathway ; patchouli alcohol ; volatile ; rice ; ectopic protoxylem ; chlorophyll fluorescence imaging ; type III effector ; fatty acid desaturase ; salt response ; transcriptional regulators ; aroma
    Language: English
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  • 47
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book is a collection of original research and review papers that report on the state of the art and recent advancements in food and agriculture engineering, such as sustainable production and food technology. Encompassed within are applications in food and agriculture engineering, biosystem engineering, plant and animal production engineering, food and agricultural processing engineering, storing industry, economics and production management and agricultural farms management, agricultural machines and devices, and IT for agricultural engineering and ergonomics in agriculture.
    Keywords: 3D scanner ; geometric model ; reverse engineering ; fruit ; cucumber ; sustainable production ; screw press ; basket press ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; texture properties ; GLOBAL G.A.P. ; GRASP ; quality management systems ; certification ; primary production ; social practice ; juice ; barley ; pressing ; protein ; chlorophylls ; green food ; nutritional value ; brassica vegetables ; antioxidative properties ; quality of food ; nitrates and nitrites ; frozen storage ; processing of vegetables ; agricultural product ; price ; modeling ; management ; grinding ; organic dust ; sustainable agriculture ; accelerator ; axisymmetric surface ; general equation of dynamics ; non-inertial reference frame ; biochar ; biological soil quality ; Collembola life-form groups ; QBS-c index ; grain grinding ; rotary–centrifugal grinder ; construction optimization criteria ; soil fertility ; integrated agricultural production ; conventional agricultural production ; cold-pressed oils ; functional food ; oxidative stability ; rapeseed oil ; Spanish sage seed oil ; cress seed oil ; probiotic ; non-dairy beverages ; survivability ; fermentation ; bacteria ; coconut ; hemp ; sustainable food production ; biomass ; agricultural biogas plants ; agricultural waste ; sustainable and renewable energy ; organic residue management ; Poland ; flat fan nozzle ; liquid coverage ; coefficient of variation (CV) ; crop yields ; packaging ; biodegradable material ; lyophilized protein structure ; bootstrap methods ; confidence intervals ; lognormal distribution ; sprayer ; droplet diameters ; wheat ; stress relaxation ; Initial load ; Peleg and Normand ; compression ; spelt ; threshing ; dehuller ; legumes ; infrared processing ; acceleration of the process of hydration ; Peleg’s equation ; rice ; compressive strength ; rupture energy ; potato ; tuber ; storage losses ; UV-C ; forage from grain ; cereal grain ; energy consumption ; pumpkin ; Cucurbita maxima ; antioxidative activity ; Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) ; cluster analysis ; microbiological analysis ; structure ; implications for practice ; mixing of granular materials ; fluorescence ; tracer ; industrial feed ; image analysis ; press cakes ; compaction ; disposal ; sustainable development ; modern products ; animal waste ; biogas ; dairy cattle farms ; energy potential ; waste management ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: barley ; breeding ; gene isolation ; genome reference sequence ; wheat ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Cereal crops such as maize, wheat, and rice account for a majority of biomass produced globally in agriculture. Continuous economic and population growth especially in developing countries accompanied more intensive production of cereal crops to meet increasing demands for them as main staple foods and livestock feeds. However, imbalance between production and consumption of cereal crops, which is inevitably reflected as their higher market prices, is becoming palpable in recent years. Stable production of cereal crops has been threatened by various abiotic and biotic stresses. One of the most threatening constraints is virus diseases. Especially, intensification of cereal crop production is often achieved by monoculture of a popular crop variety in a wide area. Such agroecosystems with low biodiversity is usually more conducive to biotic stresses, and may result in the outbreaks of existing and emerging cereal viruses. Numerous reports on incidences of various virus diseases of cereal crops attested that viruses have been a long-standing obstacle eroding yields of cereal crops worldwide. Despite of the evident economic losses incurred by virus disease of cereal crops, the progress in basic research on virus species causing major diseases of cereal crops lagged behind compared to that carried out for viruses that can infect dicotyledonous plants. This was partially due to the lack of ideal experimental systems to investigate the interaction between viruses and monocotyledonous crops. For example, inoculation of many viruses to cereal plants still requires tedious manipulation of vector organisms, and reverse genetic systems are not available for many cereal viruses. However, application of latest molecular biology technologies has led to significant advance in cereal virology recently; transient gene expression systems through particle bombardment and agroinfiltration have been exploited to examine the functions of cereal virus proteins. Cell culture systems of vector insects enabled to investigate the molecular interactions between cereal viruses and insect vectors. Furthermore, RNAi technologies for vector insects and monocotyledonous plants facilitated identification of specific host and viral factors involved in viral replication and transmission cycles. Also, accumulating information on the genome sequences of cereal crop species has been simplifying the roadmap to pinpoint resistance genes against cereal viruses. The objective of this research topic is to provide and share the information which can contribute to advances in cereal virology by covering recent progresses in areas such as: 1) characterization of emerging viruses, 2) analyses of genetic and biological diversities within particular viruses, 3) development of experimental systems applicable to cereal viruses, 4) elucidation of the molecular interactions among viruses, vector organisms, and host plants, 5) identification of traits and genes linked to virus resistance in cereal crops, 6) development of novel genetic approaches for virus resistance, and 7) assessment of epidemiological factors affecting the incidences of cereal virus diseases. Synergistic integration of ideas from such areas under this research topic should help to formulate practical alternatives to the current management options for virus diseases in cereal crops.
    Keywords: QR1-502 ; Q1-390 ; Insect vector ; cereal ; Luteovirus ; phytorevovirus ; barley ; Maize ; rice ; Tenuivirus ; Polerovirus ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2021-04-25
    Description: Niphargus is a speciose amphipod genus found in groundwater habitats across Europe. Three Niphargus species living in the sulphidic Frasassi caves in Italy harbour sulphur-oxidizing Thiothrix bacterial ectosymbionts. These three species are distantly related, implying that the ability to form ectosymbioses with Thiothrix may be common among Niphargus. Therefore, Niphargus-Thiothrix associations may also be found in sulphidic aquifers other than Frasassi. In this study, we examined this possibility by analysing niphargids of the genera Niphargus and Pontoniphargus collected from the partly sulphidic aquifers of the Southern Dobrogea region of Romania, which are accessible through springs, wells and Movile Cave. Molecular and morphological analyses revealed seven niphargid species in this region. Five of these species occurred occasionally or exclusively in sulphidic locations, whereas the remaining two were restricted to nonsulphidic areas. Thiothrix were detected by PCR on all seven Dobrogean niphargid species and observed using microscopy to be predominantly attached to their hosts' appendages. 16S rRNA gene sequences of the Thiothrix epibionts fell into two main clades, one of which (herein named T4) occurred solely on niphargids collected in sulphidic locations. The other Thiothrix clade was present on niphargids from both sulphidic and nonsulphidic areas and indistinguishable from the T3 ectosymbiont clade previously identified on Frasassi-dwelling Niphargus. Although niphargids from Frasassi and Southern Dobrogea are not closely related, the patterns of their association with Thiothrix are remarkably alike. The finding of similar Niphargus-Thiothrix associations in aquifers located 1200 km apart suggests that they may be widespread in European groundwater ecosystems.
    Keywords: amphipods; ecology; sulphide; symbiosis; systematics; taxonomy ; 551 ; Amphipoda ; Animals ; DNA, Bacterial ; Ecosystem ; Groundwater ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Romania ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sulfur ; Symbiosis ; Thiothrix
    Language: English , English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: The final identity and functional properties of a neuron are specified by terminal differentiation genes, which are controlled by specific motifs in compact regulatory regions. To determine how these sequences integrate inputs from transcription factors that specify cell types, we compared the regulatory mechanism of Drosophila Rhodopsin genes that are expressed in subsets of photoreceptors to that of phototransduction genes that are expressed broadly, in all photoreceptors. Both sets of genes share an 11-base pair (bp) activator motif. Broadly expressed genes contain a palindromic version that mediates expression in all photoreceptors. In contrast, each Rhodopsin exhibits characteristic single-bp substitutions that break the symmetry of the palindrome and generate activator or repressor motifs critical for restricting expression to photoreceptor subsets. Sensory neuron subtypes can therefore evolve through single-bp changes in short regulatory motifs, allowing the discrimination of a wide spectrum of stimuli.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rister, Jens -- Razzaq, Ansa -- Boodram, Pamela -- Desai, Nisha -- Tsanis, Cleopatra -- Chen, Hongtao -- Jukam, David -- Desplan, Claude -- K99EY023995/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY13010/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1258-61. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3417.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003-6688, USA. ; Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003-6688, USA. cd38@nyu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Pairing ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/growth & development ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Mutation ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/*physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/*genetics ; Rhodopsin/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Vision, Ocular/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tang, Zhenwu -- Huang, Qifei -- Nie, Zhiqiang -- Yang, Yufei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1176-7. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1176-c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. huangqf@craes.org.cn. ; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; *Birds
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Migratory species depend on a suite of interconnected sites. Threats to unprotected links in these chains of sites are driving rapid population declines of migrants around the world, yet the extent to which different parts of the annual cycle are protected remains unknown. We show that just 9% of 1451 migratory birds are adequately covered by protected areas across all stages of their annual cycle, in comparison with 45% of nonmigratory birds. This discrepancy is driven by protected area placement that does not cover the full annual cycle of migratory species, indicating that global efforts toward coordinated conservation planning for migrants are yet to bear fruit. Better-targeted investment and enhanced coordination among countries are needed to conserve migratory species throughout their migratory cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Runge, Claire A -- Watson, James E M -- Butchart, Stuart H M -- Hanson, Jeffrey O -- Possingham, Hugh P -- Fuller, Richard A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1255-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9180.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS), University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA. claire.runge@uqconnect.edu.au. ; School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. Global Conservation Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, NY, USA. ; BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Cambridge CB3 0NA, UK. ; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. ; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, England, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; *Birds ; Breeding ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Population Dynamics ; Seasons
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Underwood, Emily -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1188-90. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1188.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/blood/genetics/*physiology ; Animals ; Biological Clocks/genetics/*physiology ; Biomarkers/blood/metabolism ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Mice ; Rats ; Telomere Homeostasis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheid, Johannes F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1175. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7133.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA. fscheid@partners.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/immunology/isolation & purification ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/genetics/*immunology/isolation & purification ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cell Separation/methods ; HIV Antibodies/genetics/*immunology/isolation & purification ; HIV Infections/*blood ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Mice ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hurtley, Stella -- Roberts, Leslie -- Ray, L Bryan -- Purnell, Beverly A -- Ash, Caroline -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1180-1. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1180.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/*genetics ; Animals ; Health ; Humans ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Telomere/*genetics ; *Telomere Homeostasis
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  • 57
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ford, Adam T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1175. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7134.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology at the University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. adamford@uoguelph.ca.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Wild ; Antelopes ; *Dogs ; Endangered Species ; *Food Chain ; *Grassland ; *Herbivory ; Humans ; Plants
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Mitochondrial morphology is shaped by fusion and division of their membranes. Here, we found that adult myocardial function depends on balanced mitochondrial fusion and fission, maintained by processing of the dynamin-like guanosine triphosphatase OPA1 by the mitochondrial peptidases YME1L and OMA1. Cardiac-specific ablation of Yme1l in mice activated OMA1 and accelerated OPA1 proteolysis, which triggered mitochondrial fragmentation and altered cardiac metabolism. This caused dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Cardiac function and mitochondrial morphology were rescued by Oma1 deletion, which prevented OPA1 cleavage. Feeding mice a high-fat diet or ablating Yme1l in skeletal muscle restored cardiac metabolism and preserved heart function without suppressing mitochondrial fragmentation. Thus, unprocessed OPA1 is sufficient to maintain heart function, OMA1 is a critical regulator of cardiomyocyte survival, and mitochondrial morphology and cardiac metabolism are intimately linked.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wai, Timothy -- Garcia-Prieto, Jaime -- Baker, Michael J -- Merkwirth, Carsten -- Benit, Paule -- Rustin, Pierre -- Ruperez, Francisco Javier -- Barbas, Coral -- Ibanez, Borja -- Langer, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):aad0116. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0116.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany. Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany. ; Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. ; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany. ; INSERM UMR 1141, Hopital Robert Debre, Paris, France. Universite Paris 7, Faculte de Medecine Denis Diderot, Paris, France. ; Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain. ; Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain. thomas.langer@uni-koeln.de bibanez@cnic.es. ; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany. Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany. Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. thomas.langer@uni-koeln.de bibanez@cnic.es.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Diet, High-Fat ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; GTP Phosphohydrolases ; Gene Deletion ; Heart/embryology ; Heart Failure/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Male ; Metalloendopeptidases/genetics ; Metalloproteases/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria, Heart/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Mitochondrial Degradation ; *Mitochondrial Dynamics ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/enzymology ; Myocardium/*metabolism/pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology/pathology ; Proteolysis
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  • 59
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Mitochondria generate adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and are a source of potentially toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been suggested that the gradual mitochondrial dysfunction that is observed to accompany aging could in fact be causal to the aging process. Here we review findings that suggest that age-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction is not sufficient to limit life span. Furthermore, mitochondrial ROS are not always deleterious and can even stimulate pro-longevity pathways. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a complex role in regulating longevity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Ying -- Hekimi, Siegfried -- MOP-114891/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- MOP-123295/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- MOP-97869/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1204-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4357.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada. ; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada. siegfried.hekimi@mcgill.ca.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785479" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics ; Electron Transport/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex III/genetics ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria/genetics/*metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleary, Allison S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1174-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7103.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17078, USA. acleary@hmc.psu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; Clone Cells/metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Wnt1 Protein/genetics/*metabolism ; ras Proteins/genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Age is the greatest risk factor for nearly every major cause of mortality in developed nations. Despite this, most biomedical research focuses on individual disease processes without much consideration for the relationships between aging and disease. Recent discoveries in the field of geroscience, which aims to explain biological mechanisms of aging, have provided insights into molecular processes that underlie biological aging and, perhaps more importantly, potential interventions to delay aging and promote healthy longevity. Here we describe some of these advances, along with efforts to move geroscience from the bench to the clinic. We also propose that greater emphasis should be placed on research into basic aging processes, because interventions that slow aging will have a greater effect on quality of life compared with disease-specific approaches.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaeberlein, Matt -- Rabinovitch, Peter S -- Martin, George M -- P30AG013280/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1191-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3267.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kaeber@uw.edu. ; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785476" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Diet ; Exercise ; Geriatrics/*trends ; *Health ; Humans ; Mortality ; Preventive Medicine/*trends ; Risk Factors ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Translational Medical Research/trends
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  • 62
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1186-7. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1186.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Caloric Restriction ; Death ; Humans ; Hydra/genetics/physiology ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics/physiology
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: In developing hearts, changes in the cardiac metabolic milieu during the perinatal period redirect mitochondrial substrate preference from carbohydrates to fatty acids. Mechanisms responsible for this mitochondrial plasticity are unknown. Here, we found that PINK1-Mfn2-Parkin-mediated mitophagy directs this metabolic transformation in mouse hearts. A mitofusin (Mfn) 2 mutant lacking PINK1 phosphorylation sites necessary for Parkin binding (Mfn2 AA) inhibited mitochondrial Parkin translocation, suppressing mitophagy without impairing mitochondrial fusion. Cardiac Parkin deletion or expression of Mfn2 AA from birth, but not after weaning, prevented postnatal mitochondrial maturation essential to survival. Five-week-old Mfn2 AA hearts retained a fetal mitochondrial transcriptional signature without normal increases in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis genes. Myocardial fatty acylcarnitine levels and cardiomyocyte respiration induced by palmitoylcarnitine were concordantly depressed. Thus, instead of transcriptional reprogramming, fetal cardiomyocyte mitochondria undergo perinatal Parkin-mediated mitophagy and replacement by mature adult mitochondria. Mitophagic mitochondrial removal underlies developmental cardiomyocyte mitochondrial plasticity and metabolic transitioning of perinatal hearts.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4747105/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4747105/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gong, Guohua -- Song, Moshi -- Csordas, Gyorgy -- Kelly, Daniel P -- Matkovich, Scot J -- Dorn, Gerald W 2nd -- HL058493/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL108943/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL122124/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL128071/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL59888/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL058493/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL059888/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL108943/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL128071/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):aad2459. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2459. Epub 2015 Dec 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA. ; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. gdorn@dom.wustl.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cellular Reprogramming ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/genetics/metabolism ; Heart/*embryology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Degradation/genetics/*physiology ; Mitochondrial Dynamics ; Myocardium/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics/*metabolism
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  • 64
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Research into stem cells and aging aims to understand how stem cells maintain tissue health, what mechanisms ultimately lead to decline in stem cell function with age, and how the regenerative capacity of somatic stem cells can be enhanced to promote healthy aging. Here, we explore the effects of aging on stem cells in different tissues. Recent research has focused on the ways that genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, and the extrinsic environmental milieu influence stem cell functionality over time. We describe each of these three factors, the ways in which they interact, and how these interactions decrease stem cell health over time. We are optimistic that a better understanding of these changes will uncover potential strategies to enhance stem cell function and increase tissue resiliency into old age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodell, Margaret A -- Rando, Thomas A -- P01 AG036695/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG047820/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR062185/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 AG023806/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1199-204. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3388.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. goodell@bcm.edu rando@stanford.edu. ; Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, and Center for Regenerative Rehabilitation, Veterans Administration Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. goodell@bcm.edu rando@stanford.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*physiology ; Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; Cell Aging ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Genetic Drift ; *Health ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Organ Specificity ; Selection, Genetic
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gottlieb, Roberta A -- Bernstein, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1162-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8222.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. roberta.gottlieb@cshs.org. ; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Heart/*embryology ; Heart Failure/*metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Heart/*metabolism/*physiology ; Mitochondrial Degradation/*physiology ; *Mitochondrial Dynamics ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/*metabolism
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  • 66
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1144-7. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1144.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Breeding ; Cattle ; Europe ; *Extinction, Biological
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  • 67
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grimm, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1182-5. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1182.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Cats ; Dogs ; Humans ; *Longevity ; Pets/*physiology
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1148-51. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1148. Epub 2015 Dec 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bison ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Herbivory ; *Parks, Recreational ; *Permafrost ; Siberia ; *Taiga
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  • 69
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-04-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 8;352(6282):128-9. doi: 10.1126/science.352.6282.128. Epub 2016 Apr 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27124428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/virology ; Angola/epidemiology ; Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Vaccination/statistics & numerical data ; World Health Organization ; Yellow Fever/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Yellow Fever Vaccine/*administration & dosage
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  • 70
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):1143. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6278.1143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26965608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acinetobacter/*growth & development ; Animals ; *Death ; Humans ; Mice ; Moraxellaceae/*growth & development ; Rhizobiaceae/*growth & development ; Time Factors
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):391-2. doi: 10.1126/science.352.6284.391. Epub 2016 Apr 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27102452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Communicable Diseases/diagnosis/*epidemiology/etiology ; Echinococcosis/diagnosis/epidemiology ; Echinococcus/isolation & purification ; *Emigration and Immigration ; Europe ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification ; *Refugees
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, Gary J -- DK 020541/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 026687/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 105441/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 18;351(6279):1268-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf5216. Epub 2016 Mar 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Medicine & Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. gary.schwartz@einstein.yu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989239" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Energy Metabolism/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Hyperphagia/*genetics ; Male ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/*physiology ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/*physiology
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: In most animal species, juvenile growth is marked by an exponential gain in body weight and size. Here we show that the microbiota of infant mice sustains both weight gain and longitudinal growth when mice are fed a standard laboratory mouse diet or a nutritionally depleted diet. We found that the intestinal microbiota interacts with the somatotropic hormone axis to drive systemic growth. Using monocolonized mouse models, we showed that selected lactobacilli promoted juvenile growth in a strain-dependent manner that recapitulated the microbiota's effect on growth and the somatotropic axis. These findings show that the host's microbiota supports juvenile growth. Moreover, we discovered that lactobacilli strains buffered the adverse effects of chronic undernutrition on the postnatal growth of germ-free mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwarzer, Martin -- Makki, Kassem -- Storelli, Gilles -- Machuca-Gayet, Irma -- Srutkova, Dagmar -- Hermanova, Petra -- Martino, Maria Elena -- Balmand, Severine -- Hudcovic, Tomas -- Heddi, Abdelaziz -- Rieusset, Jennifer -- Kozakova, Hana -- Vidal, Hubert -- Leulier, Francois -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 19;351(6275):854-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8588.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Universite de Lyon, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Unite Mixte de Recherche 5242, 46 Allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France. Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Novy Hradek, Czech Republic. ; Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Universite de Lyon, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Unite Mixte de Recherche 5242, 46 Allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France. Laboratoire CarMeN, Universite Lyon 1, Unite Mixte de Recherche INSERM U-1060 et INRA U-1397, Faculte de Medecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69600 Oullins, France. ; Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Universite de Lyon, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Unite Mixte de Recherche 5242, 46 Allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France. ; Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Novy Hradek, Czech Republic. ; UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Universite de Lyon, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France. ; Laboratoire CarMeN, Universite Lyon 1, Unite Mixte de Recherche INSERM U-1060 et INRA U-1397, Faculte de Medecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69600 Oullins, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Weight/*physiology ; Diet ; Femur/growth & development ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*physiology ; Lactobacillus plantarum/*physiology ; Malnutrition/*microbiology/*physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Weight Gain/*physiology
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2016-01-23
    Description: Mono-ubiquitination of Fancd2 is essential for repairing DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The Fan1 nuclease, also required for ICL repair, is recruited to ICLs by ubiquitinated (Ub) Fancd2. This could in principle explain how Ub-Fancd2 promotes ICL repair, but we show that recruitment of Fan1 by Ub-Fancd2 is dispensable for ICL repair. Instead, Fan1 recruitment--and activity--restrains DNA replication fork progression and prevents chromosome abnormalities from occurring when DNA replication forks stall, even in the absence of ICLs. Accordingly, Fan1 nuclease-defective knockin mice are cancer-prone. Moreover, we show that a Fan1 variant in high-risk pancreatic cancers abolishes recruitment by Ub-Fancd2 and causes genetic instability without affecting ICL repair. Therefore, Fan1 recruitment enables processing of stalled forks that is essential for genome stability and health.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770513/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770513/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lachaud, Christophe -- Moreno, Alberto -- Marchesi, Francesco -- Toth, Rachel -- Blow, J Julian -- Rouse, John -- WT096598MA/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 19;351(6275):846-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5634. Epub 2016 Jan 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK. ; Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK. ; School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK. ; Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK. j.rouse@dundee.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26797144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Repair ; *DNA Replication ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genomic Instability/*genetics ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics/pathology ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics/pathology ; Lymphoma/genetics/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Ubiquitination
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2016-03-19
    Description: Maintaining energy homeostasis is crucial for the survival and health of organisms. The brain regulates feeding by responding to dietary factors and metabolic signals from peripheral organs. It is unclear how the brain interprets these signals. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) catalyzes the posttranslational modification of proteins by O-GlcNAc and is regulated by nutrient access. Here, we show that acute deletion of OGT from alphaCaMKII-positive neurons in adult mice caused obesity from overeating. The hyperphagia derived from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, where loss of OGT was associated with impaired satiety. These results identify O-GlcNAcylation in alphaCaMKII neurons of the PVN as an important molecular mechanism that regulates feeding behavior.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4817221/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4817221/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lagerlof, Olof -- Slocomb, Julia E -- Hong, Ingie -- Aponte, Yeka -- Blackshaw, Seth -- Hart, Gerald W -- Huganir, Richard L -- N01-HV-00240/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL107153/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01HL107153/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK061671/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS036715/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01DK6167/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01NS036715/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 18;351(6279):1293-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5494.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ; National Institute on Drug Abuse + National Institutes of Health/Johns Hopkins University Graduate Partnership Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. ; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Intramural Research Program, Neuronal Circuits and Behavior Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. ; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. rhuganir@jhmi.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylglucosamine/metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism/genetics/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Gene Deletion ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Hyperphagia/*genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics/*physiology ; Neurons/enzymology ; Obesity/genetics ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/cytology/enzymology/*physiology ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Satiety Response/physiology
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2016-04-02
    Description: When animals encounter conflict they initiate and escalate aggression to establish and maintain a social hierarchy. The neural mechanisms by which animals resolve fighting behaviors to determine such social hierarchies remain unknown. We identified two subregions of the dorsal habenula (dHb) in zebrafish that antagonistically regulate the outcome of conflict. The losing experience reduced neural transmission in the lateral subregion of dHb (dHbL)-dorsal/intermediate interpeduncular nucleus (d/iIPN) circuit. Silencing of the dHbL or medial subregion of dHb (dHbM) caused a stronger predisposition to lose or win a fight, respectively. These results demonstrate that the dHbL and dHbM comprise a dual control system for conflict resolution of social aggression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou, Ming-Yi -- Amo, Ryunosuke -- Kinoshita, Masae -- Cherng, Bor-Wei -- Shimazaki, Hideaki -- Agetsuma, Masakazu -- Shiraki, Toshiyuki -- Aoki, Tazu -- Takahoko, Mikako -- Yamazaki, Masako -- Higashijima, Shin-ichi -- Okamoto, Hitoshi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 1;352(6281):87-90. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9508.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan. ; Laboratory for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi 444-8787, Japan. ; Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan. Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8430, Japan. hitoshi@brain.riken.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27034372" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Animals ; *Conflict (Psychology) ; Habenula/*physiology ; Hierarchy, Social ; Interpeduncular Nucleus/physiology ; *Negotiating ; Synaptic Transmission ; Zebrafish
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  • 77
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larson, Christina -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 22;351(6271):323-4. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6271.323.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26797990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Shells ; Animals ; Art ; *Bivalvia ; China ; *Endangered Species
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 22;351(6271):326-7. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6271.326.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26797993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration ; Animals ; Birds ; *Carps ; Cattle ; *Environmental Restoration and Remediation ; Herbivory ; *Introduced Species ; Oregon ; Violence
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  • 79
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-04-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Landolt, Hans-Peter -- Holst, Sebastian C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):517-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf8178.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Zurich Center for Interdisciplinary Sleep Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. landolt@pharma.uzh.ch. ; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Zurich Center for Interdisciplinary Sleep Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27126024" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cations/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Male ; Potassium/*metabolism ; Sleep/*physiology ; Wakefulness/*physiology
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2016-04-23
    Description: Ecological character displacement is a process of morphological divergence that reduces competition for limited resources. We used genomic analysis to investigate the genetic basis of a documented character displacement event in Darwin's finches on Daphne Major in the Galapagos Islands: The medium ground finch diverged from its competitor, the large ground finch, during a severe drought. We discovered a genomic region containing the HMGA2 gene that varies systematically among Darwin's finch species with different beak sizes. Two haplotypes that diverged early in the radiation were involved in the character displacement event: Genotypes associated with large beak size were at a strong selective disadvantage in medium ground finches (selection coefficient s = 0.59). Thus, a major locus has apparently facilitated a rapid ecological diversification in the adaptive radiation of Darwin's finches.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamichhaney, Sangeet -- Han, Fan -- Berglund, Jonas -- Wang, Chao -- Almen, Markus Sallman -- Webster, Matthew T -- Grant, B Rosemary -- Grant, Peter R -- Andersson, Leif -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):470-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8786.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. ; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. leif.andersson@imbim.uu.se.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27102486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Beak/*anatomy & histology ; Body Size/genetics ; *Droughts ; Ecuador ; Female ; Finches/*anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics ; Genomics ; Genotype ; HMGA2 Protein/genetics ; Haplotypes ; Organ Size/genetics ; Phylogeny ; *Quantitative Trait Loci ; *Selection, Genetic
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Description: Shadlen et al's Comment focuses on extrapolations of our results that were not implied or asserted in our Report. They discuss alternate analyses of average firing rates in other tasks, the relationship between neural activity and behavior, and possible extensions of the standard models we examined. Although interesting to contemplate, these points are not germane to the findings of our Report: that stepping dynamics provided a better statistical description of lateral intraparietal area spike trains than diffusion-to-bound dynamics for a majority of neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Latimer, Kenneth W -- Yates, Jacob L -- Meister, Miriam L R -- Huk, Alexander C -- Pillow, Jonathan W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1406. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3596.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. pillow@princeton.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Choice Behavior/*physiology ; Decision Making/*physiology ; Male ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Description: Latimeret al (Reports, 10 July 2015, p. 184) claim that during perceptual decision formation, parietal neurons undergo one-time, discrete steps in firing rate instead of gradual changes that represent the accumulation of evidence. However, that conclusion rests on unsubstantiated assumptions about the time window of evidence accumulation, and their stepping model cannot explain existing data as effectively as evidence-accumulation models.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shadlen, Michael N -- Kiani, Roozbeh -- Newsome, William T -- Gold, Joshua I -- Wolpert, Daniel M -- Zylberberg, Ariel -- Ditterich, Jochen -- de Lafuente, Victor -- Yang, Tianming -- Roitman, Jamie -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1406. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3242.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) and Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. shadlen@columbia.edu. ; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA. ; HHMI and Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ; HHMI and Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. ; Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. ; Institute for Neuroscience, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. ; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Choice Behavior/*physiology ; Decision Making/*physiology ; Male ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Servick, Kelly -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):15. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6268.15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26721984" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; California ; Cell Differentiation ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Industry ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/*transplantation ; Financing, Organized ; Humans ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Rats ; Regenerative Medicine/*economics/*trends ; Retina/cytology/physiology ; Stem Cell Research/*economics
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  • 84
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 8;351(6269):111-2. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6269.111.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26744387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Drinking Water ; *Droughts ; Humans ; Indian Ocean ; Iraq ; Mesopotamia ; Salinity ; Warfare ; Water Resources/*supply & distribution ; *Wetlands
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):16-9. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6268.16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26721985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomedical Research/*economics ; Communicable Disease Control/*economics ; Financial Management ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; Vaccines/*economics
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2016-02-27
    Description: Oocytes differentiate in diverse species by receiving organelles and cytoplasm from sister germ cells while joined in germline cysts or syncytia. Mouse primordial germ cells form germline cysts, but the role of cysts in oogenesis is unknown. We find that mouse germ cells receive organelles from neighboring cyst cells and build a Balbiani body to become oocytes, whereas nurselike germ cells die. Organelle movement, Balbiani body formation, and oocyte fate determination are selectively blocked by low levels of microtubule-dependent transport inhibitors. Membrane breakdown within the cyst and an apoptosis-like process are associated with organelle transfer into the oocyte, events reminiscent of nurse cell dumping in Drosophila We propose that cytoplasmic and organelle transport plays an evolutionarily conserved and functionally important role in mammalian oocyte differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lei, Lei -- Spradling, Allan C -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 1;352(6281):95-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2156. Epub 2016 Feb 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. spradling@ciwemb.edu leile@med.umich.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26917595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Biological Evolution ; Cytoplasm/physiology/ultrastructure ; Female ; Giant Cells/*cytology ; Mice ; Microtubules/drug effects/physiology ; Oocytes/*cytology ; *Oogenesis ; Organelles/*physiology
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel. In humans and pigs, the loss of CFTR impairs respiratory host defenses, causing airway infection. But CF mice are spared. We found that in all three species, CFTR secreted bicarbonate into airway surface liquid. In humans and pigs lacking CFTR, unchecked H(+) secretion by the nongastric H(+)/K(+) adenosine triphosphatase (ATP12A) acidified airway surface liquid, which impaired airway host defenses. In contrast, mouse airways expressed little ATP12A and secreted minimal H(+); consequently, airway surface liquid in CF and non-CF mice had similar pH. Inhibiting ATP12A reversed host defense abnormalities in human and pig airways. Conversely, expressing ATP12A in CF mouse airways acidified airway surface liquid, impaired defenses, and increased airway bacteria. These findings help explain why CF mice are protected from infection and nominate ATP12A as a potential therapeutic target for CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shah, Viral S -- Meyerholz, David K -- Tang, Xiao Xiao -- Reznikov, Leah -- Abou Alaiwa, Mahmoud -- Ernst, Sarah E -- Karp, Philip H -- Wohlford-Lenane, Christine L -- Heilmann, Kristopher P -- Leidinger, Mariah R -- Allen, Patrick D -- Zabner, Joseph -- McCray, Paul B Jr -- Ostedgaard, Lynda S -- Stoltz, David A -- Randak, Christoph O -- Welsh, Michael J -- 5T32GM007337/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- DK054759/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F30 HL123239/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- F30HL123239/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL091842/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL117744/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL51670/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K08HL097071/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 29;351(6272):503-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5589.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26823428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Bicarbonates/metabolism ; Cystic Fibrosis/*metabolism/*microbiology ; H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lung/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred CFTR/genetics/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic ; Swine
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2016-01-02
    Description: Several recent studies link parental environments to phenotypes in subsequent generations. In this work, we investigate the mechanism by which paternal diet affects offspring metabolism. Protein restriction in mice affects small RNA (sRNA) levels in mature sperm, with decreased let-7 levels and increased amounts of 5' fragments of glycine transfer RNAs (tRNAs). In testicular sperm, tRNA fragments are scarce but increase in abundance as sperm mature in the epididymis. Epididymosomes (vesicles that fuse with sperm during epididymal transit) carry RNA payloads matching those of mature sperm and can deliver RNAs to immature sperm in vitro. Functionally, tRNA-glycine-GCC fragments repress genes associated with the endogenous retroelement MERVL, in both embryonic stem cells and embryos. Our results shed light on sRNA biogenesis and its dietary regulation during posttesticular sperm maturation, and they also link tRNA fragments to regulation of endogenous retroelements active in the preimplantation embryo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharma, Upasna -- Conine, Colin C -- Shea, Jeremy M -- Boskovic, Ana -- Derr, Alan G -- Bing, Xin Y -- Belleannee, Clemence -- Kucukural, Alper -- Serra, Ryan W -- Sun, Fengyun -- Song, Lina -- Carone, Benjamin R -- Ricci, Emiliano P -- Li, Xin Z -- Fauquier, Lucas -- Moore, Melissa J -- Sullivan, Robert -- Mello, Craig C -- Garber, Manuel -- Rando, Oliver J -- DP1ES025458/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/ -- R01HD080224/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR000161/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR001453/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 22;351(6271):391-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aad6780. Epub 2015 Dec 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Universite Laval, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada. ; RNAi Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. RNAi Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. RNAi Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. RNAi Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. oliver.rando@umassmed.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26721685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/metabolism ; Diet, Protein-Restricted ; Epididymis/metabolism ; *Fertilization ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Male ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Gly/*metabolism/*physiology ; Retroelements/genetics ; *Sperm Maturation ; Spermatozoa/*metabolism ; Testis/metabolism
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  • 89
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leslie, Mitch -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):13. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6268.13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26721982" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Male ; Metabolism/*genetics ; Mice ; RNA, Transfer/genetics/*metabolism ; *Spermatozoa
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2016-04-30
    Description: Sleep has been described in animals ranging from worms to humans. Yet the electrophysiological characteristics of brain sleep, such as slow-wave (SW) and rapid eye movement (REM) activities, are thought to be restricted to mammals and birds. Recording from the brain of a lizard, the Australian dragon Pogona vitticeps, we identified SW and REM sleep patterns, thus pushing back the probable evolution of these dynamics at least to the emergence of amniotes. The SW and REM sleep patterns that we observed in lizards oscillated continuously for 6 to 10 hours with a period of ~80 seconds. The networks controlling SW-REM antagonism in amniotes may thus originate from a common, ancient oscillator circuit. Lizard SW dynamics closely resemble those observed in rodent hippocampal CA1, yet they originate from a brain area, the dorsal ventricular ridge, that has no obvious hodological similarity with the mammalian hippocampus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shein-Idelson, Mark -- Ondracek, Janie M -- Liaw, Hua-Peng -- Reiter, Sam -- Laurent, Gilles -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):590-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf3621.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27126045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/*physiology ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/physiology ; Lizards/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, Francis S -- Anderson, James M -- Austin, Christopher P -- Battey, James F -- Birnbaum, Linda S -- Briggs, Josephine P -- Clayton, Janine A -- Cuthbert, Bruce -- Eisinger, Robert W -- Fauci, Anthony S -- Gallin, John I -- Gibbons, Gary H -- Glass, Roger I -- Gottesman, Michael M -- Gray, Patricia A -- Green, Eric D -- Greider, Franziska B -- Hodes, Richard -- Hudson, Kathy L -- Humphreys, Betsy -- Katz, Stephen I -- Koob, George F -- Koroshetz, Walter J -- Lauer, Michael S -- Lorsch, Jon R -- Lowy, Douglas R -- McGowan, John J -- Murray, David M -- Nakamura, Richard -- Norris, Andrea -- Perez-Stable, Eliseo J -- Pettigrew, Roderic I -- Riley, William T -- Rodgers, Griffin P -- Sieving, Paul A -- Somerman, Martha J -- Spong, Catherine Y -- Tabak, Lawrence A -- Volkow, Nora D -- Wilder, Elizabeth L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1405. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6280.1405-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. collinsf@mail.nih.gov. ; Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Center for Advancing Translational Science, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. ; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. ; National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Research on Women's Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of AIDS Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Fogarty International Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Intramural Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Library of Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Extramural Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Management, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Disease Prevention, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Center for Scientific Review, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Center for Information Technology, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Office of Strategic Coordination, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomedical Research/*economics ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: Mota and Herculano-Houzel (Reports, 3 July 2015, p. 74) assign power functions to neuroanatomical data and present a model to account for evolutionary patterns of cortical folding in the mammalian brain. We detail how the model assumptions are in conflict with experimental and observational work and show that the model itself does not accurately fit the data.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewitus, Eric -- Kelava, Iva -- Kalinka, Alex T -- Tomancak, Pavel -- Huttner, Wieland B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 19;351(6275):825. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2029.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Biologie, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France. lewitus@biologie.ens.fr huttner@mpi-cbg.de. ; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. ; Institute of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni, Vienna, Austria. ; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany. ; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany. lewitus@biologie.ens.fr huttner@mpi-cbg.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cerebral Cortex ; Humans ; Lissencephaly/*pathology ; Neurons/*cytology
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: Voltage-gated CaV1.2 channels (L-type calcium channel alpha1C subunits) are critical mediators of transcription-dependent neural plasticity. Whether these channels signal via the influx of calcium ion (Ca(2+)), voltage-dependent conformational change (VDeltaC), or a combination of the two has thus far been equivocal. We fused CaV1.2 to a ligand-gated Ca(2+)-permeable channel, enabling independent control of localized Ca(2+) and VDeltaC signals. This revealed an unexpected dual requirement: Ca(2+) must first mobilize actin-bound Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, freeing it for subsequent VDeltaC-mediated accumulation. Neither signal alone sufficed to activate transcription. Signal order was crucial: Efficiency peaked when Ca(2+) preceded VDeltaC by 10 to 20 seconds. CaV1.2 VDeltaC synergistically augmented signaling by N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. Furthermore, VDeltaC mistuning correlated with autistic symptoms in Timothy syndrome. Thus, nonionic VDeltaC signaling is vital to the function of CaV1.2 in synaptic and neuropsychiatric processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Boxing -- Tadross, Michael R -- Tsien, Richard W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 19;351(6275):863-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3647.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Beckman Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA. tadrossm@janelia.hhmi.org. ; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA. Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Beckman Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autistic Disorder/genetics/metabolism ; Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Calcium Channels, L-Type/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Calcium Signaling ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; HEK293 Cells ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome/genetics/metabolism ; Neuronal Plasticity/*genetics ; Neurons/drug effects/*metabolism ; Nimodipine/pharmacology ; Protein Conformation/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Synapses/metabolism ; Syndactyly/genetics/metabolism
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  • 94
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-04-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shoubridge, Eric A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 1;352(6281):31-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf5248. Epub 2016 Mar 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. eric@ericpc.mni.mcgill.ca.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27034357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; Leigh Disease/*genetics/*therapy ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein/*genetics
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2016-04-30
    Description: Sahl et al in their Comment raise criticisms of our work that fall into three classes: image artifacts, resolution criteria, and comparative performance on live cells. We explore each of these in turn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Dong -- Betzig, Eric -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):527. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8396. Epub 2016 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Laboratory of Biological Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China. Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147. lidong@ibp.ac.cn betzige@janelia.hhmi.org. ; Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147. lidong@ibp.ac.cn betzige@janelia.hhmi.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27126031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytoskeleton/*ultrastructure ; *Endocytosis ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*methods ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/*methods ; Organelles/*ultrastructure
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2016-02-27
    Description: Rasmussen and Svensson correctly point out that there is currently no satisfactory method to fully align the Greenland and Cariaco Basin records of climate change. However, our approach using interstadial onsets as tie-points allows direct comparison between radiocarbon dates and Greenland climate records. Crucially, both the standard Greenland and the merged Greenland-Cariaco time scales show that interstadial warming was associated with megafaunal genetic transitions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, Alan -- Turney, Chris -- Hughen, Konrad -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 26;351(6276):927. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8016.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Adelaide, Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and Environment Institute, Adelaide, Australia. alan.cooper@adelaide.edu.au. ; Climate Change Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. ; Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26917762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Extinction, Biological ; Global Warming/*history ; Humans
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2016-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Junsheng -- Wang, Wei -- Axmacher, Jan Christoph -- Zhang, Yuanyuan -- Zhu, Yanpeng -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):1160. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6278.1160-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China. lijsh@craes.org.cn wang.wei@craes.org.cn. ; UCL Department of Geography, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26965616" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; China ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Plants/*classification ; Vertebrates/*classification
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  • 98
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-04-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leslie, Mitch -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 1;352(6281):21-3. doi: 10.1126/science.352.6281.21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27034353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology ; Infection/*immunology ; Inflammation/*immunology ; Lymph Nodes/cytology/*immunology ; Mice ; Pancreas/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2016-01-02
    Description: Eusocial insects organize themselves into behavioral castes whose regulation has been proposed to involve epigenetic processes, including histone modification. In the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus, morphologically distinct worker castes called minors and majors exhibit pronounced differences in foraging and scouting behaviors. We found that these behaviors are regulated by histone acetylation likely catalyzed by the conserved acetyltransferase CBP. Transcriptome and chromatin analysis in brains of scouting minors fed pharmacological inhibitors of CBP and histone deacetylases (HDACs) revealed hundreds of genes linked to hyperacetylated regions targeted by CBP. Majors rarely forage, but injection of a HDAC inhibitor or small interfering RNAs against the HDAC Rpd3 into young major brains induced and sustained foraging in a CBP-dependent manner. Our results suggest that behavioral plasticity in animals may be regulated in an epigenetic manner via histone modification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simola, Daniel F -- Graham, Riley J -- Brady, Cristina M -- Enzmann, Brittany L -- Desplan, Claude -- Ray, Anandasankar -- Zwiebel, Laurence J -- Bonasio, Roberto -- Reinberg, Danny -- Liebig, Jurgen -- Berger, Shelley L -- 2009005/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- DP2MH107055/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/ -- T32HD083185/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):aac6633. doi: 10.1126/science.aac6633.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Program in Epigenetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. simola@upenn.edu danny.reinberg@nyumc.org juergen.liebig@asu.edu bergers@upenn.edu. ; Program in Epigenetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Program in Epigenetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. ; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA. ; Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. ; Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. ; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. simola@upenn.edu danny.reinberg@nyumc.org juergen.liebig@asu.edu bergers@upenn.edu. ; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. simola@upenn.edu danny.reinberg@nyumc.org juergen.liebig@asu.edu bergers@upenn.edu. ; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Program in Epigenetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. simola@upenn.edu danny.reinberg@nyumc.org juergen.liebig@asu.edu bergers@upenn.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26722000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Animals ; Ants/drug effects/*genetics/*physiology ; *Behavior, Animal ; Chromatin/metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Histone Deacetylase 2/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*physiology ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; *Social Behavior ; Social Class ; Transcriptome
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: Many modern human genomes retain DNA inherited from interbreeding with archaic hominins, such as Neandertals, yet the influence of this admixture on human traits is largely unknown. We analyzed the contribution of common Neandertal variants to over 1000 electronic health record (EHR)-derived phenotypes in ~28,000 adults of European ancestry. We discovered and replicated associations of Neandertal alleles with neurological, psychiatric, immunological, and dermatological phenotypes. Neandertal alleles together explained a significant fraction of the variation in risk for depression and skin lesions resulting from sun exposure (actinic keratosis), and individual Neandertal alleles were significantly associated with specific human phenotypes, including hypercoagulation and tobacco use. Our results establish that archaic admixture influences disease risk in modern humans, provide hypotheses about the effects of hundreds of Neandertal haplotypes, and demonstrate the utility of EHR data in evolutionary analyses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simonti, Corinne N -- Vernot, Benjamin -- Bastarache, Lisa -- Bottinger, Erwin -- Carrell, David S -- Chisholm, Rex L -- Crosslin, David R -- Hebbring, Scott J -- Jarvik, Gail P -- Kullo, Iftikhar J -- Li, Rongling -- Pathak, Jyotishman -- Ritchie, Marylyn D -- Roden, Dan M -- Verma, Shefali S -- Tromp, Gerard -- Prato, Jeffrey D -- Bush, William S -- Akey, Joshua M -- Denny, Joshua C -- Capra, John A -- 1K22LM011938/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- 1R01GM114128/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- 5T32EY021453/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM110068/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01LM010685/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004438/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004608/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004609/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004610/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006378/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006379/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006380/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006382/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006388/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG006389/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG008657/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG04599/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG04603/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 12;351(6274):737-41. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2149.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. ; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI, USA. ; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. ; Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Division of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA. ; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. ; Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA. Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa. ; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. ; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Depression/genetics ; Disease/*genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Human ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Keratosis, Actinic/genetics ; Neanderthals/*genetics ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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