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  • General Chemistry  (1,656)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (1,337)
  • Animals  (521)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (389)
  • Fisheries
  • ddc:553.21
  • 2020-2023  (41)
  • 1995-1999  (3,906)
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  • 2021  (41)
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  • 1
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    Impressum – Inhalt – Vorworte – Totenseite (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-16
    Description: Hier finden sie das Impressum, Inhaltsverszeichnis, Vorwort des Vorsitzenden, Vorwort der Schriftleitung, sowie die Totenseite (Georg Ramm) der TELMA, Band 51 (2021).
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: editorial
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 2
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    Effects of water management on peatland water table and peatland subsidence (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Drained peatlands are hotspots for carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In Niedersachsen, 69 % of the peatland area is used for agriculture and is responsible for 11 % of the annual CO2 and N2O emissions. Raising peatland water tables to 0.30 m below surface could reduce emissions. In this study, three water regulation methods were tested to raise water table and to maintain grassland use on bog peatlands. In the first method, weirs were installed to block ditches and retain surface runoff within the blocking ditches. For the second method, ditch impoundment, additional water was pumped into the ditches creating constant ditch water levels. The third method, subsurface irrigation, further increased the water table within the grassland by allowing water to flow from the ditch into the bog area via subsurface pipes. Ditch impoundment and subsurface irrigation methods effectively raised the bog water tables. In the summer 2020, the mean water tables for ditch impoundment and subsurface irrigation reached 0.32 m and 0.23 m below surface, while the water table with blocking ditches was much lower with 0.61 m below surface. Overall, the subsurface irrigation method successfully raised the bog water tables and reduced subsidence. Negative aspects of this method are the costs for pipes and weirs, the reduced trafficability and the increased water demand.
    Description: Entwässerte Moore sind Hotspots für die Emission von Kohlendioxid (CO2) und Lachgas (N2O). In Niedersachsen werden 69 % der Moorflächen landwirtschaftlich genutzt und sind für 11 % der jährlichen CO2- und N2O-Emissionen verantwortlich. Eine Anhebung des Moorwasserstandes auf 0.30 m unter Geländeoberkante (GOK) könnte die Emissionen verringern. In dieser Studie wurden drei Methoden zur Wasserregulierung getestet, um Moorwasserstände anzuheben und die Grünlandnutzung in einem Hochmoor aufrechtzuerhalten. Für den Grabenanstau wurden Wehre installiert, um Gräben zu blockieren und den Oberflächenabfluss zurückzuhalten. Beim Grabeneinstau wird ein konstanter Wasserspiegel in den Gräben durch zugepumptes Wasser generiert. Bei der Unterflurbewässerung wird der Moorwasserstand weiter erhöht, in dem Wasser aus dem Graben über unterirdische Rohre in die Fläche geleitet wird. Mit dem Grabeneinstau und der Unterflurbewässerung konnten die Moorwasserstände erhöht werden. Im Sommer 2020 erreichten die mittleren Moorwasserstände beim Grabeneinstau und der Unterflurbewässerung 0.32 m und 0.23 m unter GOK, während der Moorwasserstand beim Grabenanstau mit 0.61 m unter GOK deutlich niedriger lag. Insgesamt konnten mit der Unterflurbewässerung Moorwasserstände erfolgreich angehoben und die Höhensackung der Mooroberfläche verringert werden. Negative Aspekte dieser Methode sind die Kosten für Rohre und Wehre sowie die Pumpe, die eingeschränkte Befahrbarkeit und ein erhöhter Wasserbedarf.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    80 Jahre Michael Succow – ein Leben für den Natur- und Moorschutz: Interview mit vier seiner Schülerinnen und Weggefährtinnen (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Laudatio anlässlich Michael Succows achtzigstem Lebensjahr.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: editorial
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 4
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    Faktencheck – Was bedeutet die Vorgabe der Deutschen Moorschutzstrategie „Einsparung von Emissionen in Höhe von 5 Millionen t CO2 Äquivalenten pro Jahr aus Moorböden in Deutschland bis 2030“ in der praktischen Umsetzung? (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: In Deutschland sind 92 % der Moore entwässert. Diese Flächen verursachen jedes Jahr etwa 53 Millionen Tonnen CO2-Äquivalente, was 6,7 % der gesamten Treibhausgasemissionen in Deutschland entspricht. Der überwiegende Teil (83 %) dieser Emissionen aus Moorböden resultiert aus landwirtschaftlichen Flächen. Ziel der 2021 veröffentlichten Nationalen Moorschutzstrategie ist es, die jährlichen Treibhausgasemissionen aus Moorböden bis 2030 um mindestens 5 Millionen Tonnen CO2-Äquivalente zu reduzieren. Um die Treibhausgas-Reduktionsziele zu erreichen, müssten in Deutschland, je nach Maßnahmen und Moortyp, rund 150.000 ha Moorflächen bis 2030 vernässt werden. Angesichts der langwierigen Prozesse der Projektentwicklung, der Genehmigungsverfahren und der technischen Umsetzung müsste aber umgehend und umfassend mit der Realisation begonnen werden. Dieses Ziel ist aufgrund der Freiwilligkeit der Maßnahmen derzeit nicht ansatzweise realistisch und erfordert massive, vor allem finanzielle Maßnahmen.
    Description: In Germany, 92 % of all peatlands are drained. These areas are responsible for approximately 53 million metric tons of CO2 equivalents each year, or 6.7 % of the total greenhouse gas emissions in Germany. The majority (83 %) of these emissions from peatlands result from agricultural used peatlands. The goal of the National Peatland Protection Strategy, published in 2021, is to reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions from peatland soils by at least 5 million metric tons of CO2 equivalents by 2030. To achieve the greenhouse gas reduction targets, around 150,000 hectares of peatland would need to be rewetted in Germany by 2030, depending on the rewetting technique and peatland type. However, in view of the long processes of project development, approval procedures and technical implementation, realization would have to begin immediately and comprehensively. Due to the voluntary nature of rewetting measures, this goal is not remotely realistic at present and requires massive measures, especially adequate funding.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 5
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    Gültigkeit des Darcy-Gesetzes bei Kapillarhub in feinporigen Torfmatrices (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: In engen Poren ist der Fallenergie der Kapillarhub entgegengesetzt, was im Fallgesetz und im darcy-/hagen-poiseuilleschen Strömungsgesetz berücksichtigt werden muss.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 6
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    Sphagnumfarm Barver: Planung und Einrichtung einer Torfmooskultur auf Hochmoorgrünland – erste Erfahrungen (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Der Torfeinsatz in den Erden und Substraten des Gartenbaus ist mit CO2-Emissionen verbunden und eine Reduzierung durch den Ersatz mit nachwachsenden Rohstoffen daher spätestens seit der Klimaübereinkunft Paris 2015 eine gesellschaftliche Herausforderung. Torfmoose (Sphagnum spp.) stellen dabei einen der wenigen Ersatzstoffe dar, die die hohen qualitativen Anforderungen an Kultursubstrate erfüllen können. Mit der Einrichtung des Sphagnum farming Projektes „Barver“, Landkreis Diepholz, soll von 2018 bis 2021 die Torfmooskultivierung auf Hochmoorgrünland in der Praxis getestet werden. Voraussetzung zur Anlagenplanung war eine detaillierte Grundlagenerhebung des inhomogenen Torfkörpers, auf deren Basis der Oberbodenabtrag der Betriebsfläche (1 ha) und die Einrichtung des Bewässerungssystems erfolgte. Die Kulturfläche wurde abschließend manuell mit Torfmoosfragmenten von unterschiedlichen Spenderflächen beimpft. Für die erforderliche Polderbewässerung musste ein Kompromiss aus gering überstauten Schwarztorfflächen und flurnah bewässertem Weisstorfbereich akzeptiert werden. Schnell und flächig einsetzendes Wachstum der Torfmoosfragmente signalisiert, dass regionales Sphagnum farming auf degradiertem, drainierten Hochmoorgrünland bei funktionierender Wasserversorgung möglich ist. Die jetzt folgende Projektphase dient der Ermittlung der optimalen Bestandsentwicklung. Daneben sind technische und rahmenpolitische Fragen bis zu einer wirtschaftlich tragfähigen landwirtschaftlichen Torfmooskultivierung zu klären.
    Description: The use of peat in growing media for horticulture is associated with CO2 emissions and a reduction through replacement with renewable raw materials has therefore been a social challenge since Paris Agreement 2015 at the latest. Peat mosses are one of the few substitutes that can meet the high quality requirements for growing media. With the establishment of the Sphagnum farming project “Barver”, Diepholz district (Niedersachsen, Germany), peat moss cultivation on raised bog grassland is to be tested in practice from 2018 to 2021. A fundamental prerequisite of planning of the one hectare study site was an in-depth basic evaluation of its inhomogeneous peat body, being the base of site preparation and irrigation system. Finally, the study site was inoculated manually with fragmented peat mosses of different origins. The necessary watering of the polder had to be a trade-off between flood irrigation of a black peat area and subirrigation of the adjacent white peat zone. Rapidly and widespread growth of peat mosses indicate, that the regional cultivation of Sphagnum on degraded and drained bog grassland with a working irrigation system is feasible. The now starting phase is aiming on an optimal developed Sphagnum stock. Aside, there are technical challenges and administrative obstacles to be overcome before cultivation of peat mosses will give economically viable agricultural crops.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 7
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    „Moor muss nass“ – die Botschaft des Hans Joosten (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Laudatio anlässlich der Verleihung des Deutschen Umweltpreises der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU) an Hans Joosten.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: editorial
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 8
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    Zu Verbreitung und Standort von Scheuchzeria palustris L. (Blasenbinse) in Nordostdeutschland (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Die Untersuchungen zu Verbreitung und Standort der Blasenbinse (Scheuchzeria palustris) in Nordostdeutschland werden vorgestellt. In den Jahren 2000 bis 2005 sowie 2020 wurden 29 Moore (27 in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 2 in Brandenburg) mit nach 1950 gemeldeten Funden der Art untersucht. Einzugsgebiet, Moorfläche, Mooraufbau, hydrogenetischer Moortyp, Flora und Vegetation sowie Hydrologie der untersuchten Niedermoore werden präsentiert. Die Ursachen für den Rückgang der Vorkommen werden diskutiert. Die Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass dem Wasserfaktor für die Erhaltung der Blasenbinsen-Vorkommen eine entscheidende Rolle zukommt. Wasserstandschwankungen müssen in Bezug zur Mooroberfläche mit 1 bis 2 dm sehr gering bleiben. Durch die Fähigkeit zur Oszillation der Mooroberfläche kann ein Überstau weitgehend vermieden werden. Voraussetzung hierfür ist ein mächtiger Moorkörper mit oberflächennah anstehenden wässrigen Torfmoos-Torfen.
    Description: In this paper studies on the distribution and habitat of Scheuchzeria palustris in Northeastern Germany are presented. Twenty-nine fens (27 in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 2 in Brandenburg) were surveyed between 2000 and 2005 and additionally in 2020. The surveyed sites were all sites where this species had been observed since 1950. The catchment area, fen area, stratigraphy, hydrogenetic mire types, flora and vegetation as well as the hydrology for each site are shown. The reasons for the decline in populations are discussed. This study shows that hydrology plays a decisive role in maintaining Scheuchzeria palustris populations. The water level should be stable in relation to the peat surface with fluctuations no larger than 1 to 2 dm. Due to the shrinking and swelling capacity of peat, flooding can be largely avoided. The prerequisite for this is a thick peat body with Sphagnum peat at the surface.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 9
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    Das Flächennaturdenkmal Rahmannsmoor bei Krakow am See (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) – Genese und Insektenwelt (Lepidoptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera) (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: In den Jahren 2017 bis 2019 wurde das Flächennaturdenkmal „Rahmannsmoor“ in Krakow am See bezüglich der Lepidopteren, Ephemeropteren und Trichopteren untersucht. Parallel dazu sind moorstratigraphische Untersuchungen vorgenommen worden. Das in einer kuppigen Endmoränenlandschaft liegende Kesselmoor hat eine Moormächtigkeit von mehr als 5 Metern und ist über einem sandigen Untergrund aufgewachsen. Es befindet sich auf Grund einer längeren Trockenperiode in einer Phase der Stagnation, wobei mächtige, gering zersetzte Torfmoos-Torfe die Voraussetzungen für ein erneutes Moorwachstum geben. Vegetationskundlich wird das Rahmannsmoor von Torfmoosen, Wollgräsern, Moosbeeren und Rosmarinheiden geprägt. Es konnten 100 Taxa an Nachtfaltern, 13 Köcherfliegenarten und eine Eintagsfliegenart nachgewiesen werden. Tyrphobionte/-phile Faunenelemente sind bei den untersuchten Gruppen eher selten, wobei die „Restbiozönose“ noch zahlreiche eurytopere Arten der Moore beinhaltet. Das Moor soll entkusselt werden, um die baumfreien Flächen zu erweitern und die Verdunstung zu senken.
    Description: From 2017 to 2019, the natural monument “Rahmannsmoor” in Krakow am See was surveyed for lepidopterans, ephemeropterans and trichopterans. At the same time the stratigraphy was investigated. The kettle-hole mire, located in a dome-shaped end moraine landscape, is more than five meters deep and has a sandy subsoil. Peat growth is stagnated during dry years. Thick, slightly decomposed peat is a good prerequisite for renewed bog growth. In terms of vegetation, the Rahmannsmoor is characterised by Sphagnum mosses, cotton grasses, bog bilberry and rosemary heath. One hundred taxa of moths, 13 species of Trichoptera and one species of Ephemeroptera were recorded. Tyrphobiont and tyrphophilous faunal elements are rather rare in the studied groups, whereas the “residual biocoenosis” still contains numerous eurytope species of the mires. The shrubs will be removed from the peatland in order to enlarge the open areas and to reduce evaporation.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 10
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    Hinweise auf Bücher zum Thema „Moor und Torf“ (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Axel Precker: MacFarlane, R. (2015): Karte der Wildnis. 303 S., 15 Abbildungen, Reihe Naturkunden No. 18, Hrsg. J. Schalansky, Verlag Matthes & Seitz, Berlin, ISBN 978-95757-101-4. Andreas Bauerochse: Oman, H. & Hofer, W. (Hrsg., 2021): Der Moor-Effekt – Gesund und schön mit der natürlichen Kraft des „schwarzen Goldes“ 120 S., zahlreiche Abb. Literaturverzeichnis; kartonierter Einband, Unteraichwald, Ampuls-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-9519818-2-6.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: bibliography
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 11
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    Veröffentlichungen aus dem deutschen Sprachraum zum Thema „Moor und Torf“ aus den Jahren 2020 und 2021 mit Nachträgen für frühere Jahre (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: bibliography
    Keywords: ddc:553.21
    Language: German
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  • 12
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    Wiederherstellung von Waldmooren im Fauna-Flora-Habitat-Gebiet „Moorwaldgebiet Großdittmannsdorf“ – eine Bilanzierung der forstlichen Lehrausbildung 2018 bis 2021 (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Die Lehrausbildung zum Forstwirt im Fachbereich „Naturschutz/Landschaftspflege“ war 2018 bis 2021 auf die Umsetzung der Moorrevitalisierung im Fauna-Flora-Habitat-Gebiet „Moorwaldgebiet Großdittmannsdorf“ gerichtet. Erreicht wurde eine lokale Verbesserung des Waldinnenklimas (Luftfeuchtigkeit, Kühlung), der Grundwasserneubildung und Stabilisierung des Bodenwasserhaushaltes mit vorteilhaften Wirkungen auf die biologische Vielfalt (Feuchtbiotope, Moorbiozönose).
    Description: From 2018 to 2021, the apprenticeship training for foresters in the field of “nature conservation/landscape management” was focused on the implementation of measures for peatland revitalisation in the Habitats Directive Site “Moorwaldgebiet Großdittmannsdorf ”. A local improvement of the internal forest climate (humidity, cooling), groundwater recharge and stabilisation of the soil water balance with beneficial effects on biodiversity (wetland biotopes, bog biocoenosis) was achieved.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: report
    Keywords: ddc:553.21 ; ddc:333.72
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    Klimaschutz durch Moorbodenschutz in Bayern: Warum es mit der Moorrenaturierung nicht vorangeht und wie sich das ändern lässt (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: Entlang der Donau zwischen Ulm und Ingolstadt liegen verschiedene Flusstal-Niedermoore, die sich während und nach der letzten Eiszeit entwickelt haben. Nahezu alle Moorböden sind in den vergangenen 200 Jahren entwässert und immer intensiver genutzt worden, weshalb fortwährend erhebliche Mengen an Klimagasen entweichen. Am Beispiel von acht Niedermoorrenaturierungen werden aus 30-jähriger Erfahrung die unterschiedlichen Hemmnisse und Lösungsansätze dargestellt. Daraus gewonnene Erkenntnisse könnten auch für andere Regionen nützlich sein. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie klimawirksamer Moorschutz rascher und effektiver gelingen kann, und welche Voraussetzungen dafür geschaffen werden müssen. Dass man beim Klimaschutz auch durch Moorbodenschutz schneller zu Ergebnissen kommen muss, zeigt die 26. Weltklimakonferenz 2021 (COP26) in Glasgow.
    Description: Along the Danube between Ulm and Ingolstadt, various river valley fens developed after the last ice age. Almost all peatlands have been drained over the past 200 years and intensively used resulting in significant greenhouse gase emissions. Due to the example of eight peatland restoration projects, obstacles and solutions are presented from over 30 years of experience that could be useful for other regions. Conclusions are drawn as to how peatlands can be protected more quickly and effectively to lower greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the conditions that need to be created for peatland protection are identified. The 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow demonstrated the need to achieve quick results in climate protection through peatland protection to avoiding further global warming.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.21 ; ddc:333.72
    Language: German
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  • 14
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    Equitable allocations in northern fisheries: bridging the divide for Labrador Inuit (2021)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kourantidou, M., Hoagland, P., Dale, A., & Bailey, M. Equitable allocations in northern fisheries: bridging the divide for Labrador Inuit. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, (2021): 590213, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.590213.
    Description: Canada has undertaken commitments to recognize the rights of Indigenous Peoples in fisheries through policies and agreements, including Integrated Fishery Management Plans, the Reconciliation Strategy, and Land Claim Agreements (LCAs). In addition to recognizing rights, these commitments were intended to respect geographic adjacency principles, to enhance the economic viability of Indigenous communities, and to be reflective of community dependence on marine resources. We examined the determinants of quota allocations in commercial fisheries involving Nunatsiavut, Northern Labrador, the first self-governing region for the Inuit peoples in Canada. It has been argued that current fishery allocations for Nunatsiavut Inuit have not satisfied federal commitments to recognize Indigenous rights. Indicators that measure equity in commercial allocations for the turbot or Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) and northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) fisheries were identified and assessed. In these two cases, historical allocations continue to predominate for allocations based upon equity or other social or economic considerations. We illustrate equity-enhancing changes in the quota distribution under scenarios of different levels of inequality aversion, and we make qualitative assessments of the effects of these allocations to Nunatsiavut for socioeconomic welfare. This approach could benefit fisheries governance in Northern Labrador, where federal commitments to equity objectives continue to be endorsed but have not yet been integrated fully into quota allocations.
    Description: This research was undertaken with funding from the Canada First Research Excellence Fund through the Ocean Frontier Institute (MK and MB) and the Johnson Endowment of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution’s (WHOI) Marine Policy Center (PH).
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Allocations ; Equity ; Indigenous rights ; Access
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 15
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    Experiments on the induced spawning and larval rearing of the milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal) in 1979 (2021)
    In:  aqdchief@seafdec.org.ph | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/18569 | 2002 | 2015-11-15 16:06:30 | 18569 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: This paper summarizes the results of the experiments on the induced breeding and larval rearing of milkfish (Chanos chanos) during the 1979 season. Milkfish larvae could be reared successfully without the use of trochophore larvae of oysters as feed during the first few days. In order to induce the ovulation of wild adult milkfish a higher dose of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone is required.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Chanos chanos ; ISEW ; Philippines ; marine environment ; Brood stocks ; Fish culture ; Fish larvae ; Food organisms ; Induced breeding ; Larval development ; Sex hormones
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 16
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    Knowing Asian aquaculture and fisheries. Part 1 (2021)
    In:  library@seafdec.org.ph | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20100 | 17342 | 2016-02-24 22:18:26 | 20100 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: An outline is given of aquaculture and fisheries in Asia, providing information of use to students whose work can influence laws, rules, policy and regulations on aquaculture and fisheries, with the view in mind to sustainable aquaculture. In this issue, the following countries are examined: China, Indonesia, and Bangladesh.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Fishery management ; Aquaculture development ; Aquaculture regulations ; Marine aquaculture ; Freshwater aquaculture ; Fishery industry ; Asia ; Bangladesh ; China
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
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  • 17
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    Knowing Asian aquaculture and fisheries. Part 4 (2021)
    In:  library@seafdec.org.ph | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20067 | 2002 | 2016-03-04 15:16:24 | 20067 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Aquaculture ; Vietnam ; Sri Lanka ; Sri Lanka ; Vietnam ; brackishwater environment ; freshwater environment ; marine environment ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture techniques ; Brackishwater aquaculture ; Feed ; Fish culture ; Fish diseases ; Fisheries ; Fishery data ; Food organisms ; Freshwater aquaculture ; Marine aquaculture ; Marine fisheries ; Mollusc culture ; Pond culture ; Seaweed culture ; Shrimp culture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: pp.9-10, 27
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  • 18
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    Knowing Asian aquaculture and fisheries (2021)
    In:  library@seafdec.org.ph | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/20055 | 2002 | 2016-03-03 11:33:32 | 20055 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Aquaculture ; Asia ; Cambodia ; India ; Asia ; Cambodia ; India ; Myanmar ; Myanmar ; brackishwater environment ; freshwater environment ; marine environment ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture development ; Aquaculture economics ; Aquaculture techniques ; Brackishwater aquaculture ; Catching methods ; Culture effects ; Environmental impact ; Fish culture ; Fisheries ; Fishery development ; Fishery resources ; Fishery statistics ; Freshwater aquaculture ; Marine aquaculture ; Shrimp culture ; Sustainability ; Trade
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: pp.9-10, 29
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  • 19
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    Regional survey of heavy metals in fish and fish products: Indonesia (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26291 | 23782 | 2019-04-08 09:42:05 | 26291 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Pollution ; Indonesia ; Heavy metals ; Chemical pollution ; Pollution monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 10-19
    Format: 10
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  • 20
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    Regional survey of heavy metals in fish and fish products: Myanmar (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26293 | 23782 | 2019-03-22 03:49:21 | 26293 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Myanmar ; Heavy metals ; Cadmium ; Lead ; Mercury ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Seafood
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 38-46
    Format: 9
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  • 21
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    Round scad exploration by purse seine in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26259 | 2002 | 2019-03-01 05:56:06 | 26259 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Round scad exploration by purse seine in the waters of western Philippines was conducted from April 22 to May 7, 1998 for a period of five (5) fishing days with a total catch of 7.3 tons and an average of 1.5 tons per setting. Dominant species caught were Decapterus spp. having 70.09% of the total catch, followed by Selar spp. at 12.66% and Rastrelliger spp. 10.70%. Among the Decapterus spp. caught, D. macrosoma attained the highest total catch composition by species having 68.81% followed by D. kurroides and D.russelli with 0.31% and 1.14% respectively. The round scad fishery stock was composed mainly of juvenile fish (less than 13 cm) and Age group II (13 cm to 14 cm). Few large round scad at Age group IV and V (20 cm to 28 cm) stayed at the fishery. Other fishes caught were: Auxis rochei (0.85%), A. thazard (0.12%), Caranx spp. (0.45%), Emmilichthys nitidus (0.58%), Euthynnus affinis (0.42%), Leiognathus ruconius (0.58%), Loligo sp. (0.31%), Megalaspis cordyla (0.09%), Rastrelliger spp. (10.70%), Sardinella longiceps (0.03%), Scomberoides lysan (0.24%), Selar spp. (12.66%), Sphyraena spp. (0.90%), Thunnus albacares (0.96%) and others (1.02%). Tuna and tuna like fishes such as yellowfin tuna, eastern little tuna, bullet tuna, frigate tuna and oceanic squid are distributed in the upper latitudes of the survey area. On the other hand, round scads, big-eyed scads and Indian mackerels are dominantly present in the lower latitudes of the survey area.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Exploratory fishing ; Purse seining ; Age composition ; Catch composition ; Fishery surveys ; Carangid fisheries ; South China Sea ; Philippines ; Rastrelliger ; Decapterus
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 49-64
    Format: 16
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  • 22
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    Fisheries in Brunei Darussalam (2021)
    Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Samut Prakarn, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26215 | 17342 | 2019-02-08 06:25:54 | 26215 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Training Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in this paper is the status of the fishery industry in Brunei Darussalam. Specifically, it discussed the following topics: fishery management strategies, zonation scheme, licencing, the use of poisons and explosives, the minimum cod-end mesh size for trawlers, closed areas, enhancement of fishing grounds, and the enforcement activities.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Fishery resources ; Fishery management ; Fisheries ; Ecological zonation ; Licensing ; Fish poisoning ; Catching methods ; Illegal fishing ; Explosive fishing ; Fishing gear ; Season regulations ; Fishing grounds
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 34-40
    Format: 7
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  • 23
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    Regional survey of heavy metals in fish and fish products: Thailand (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26295 | 23782 | 2019-03-22 08:39:12 | 26295 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Thailand ; Cadmium ; Lead ; Mercury ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Seafood
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 53-58
    Format: 6
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  • 24
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    Regional survey of heavy metals in fish and fish products: Malaysia (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26292 | 23782 | 2019-03-22 03:43:09 | 26292 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Malaysia ; Cadmium ; Lead ; Mercury ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Seafood
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 20-37
    Format: 18
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  • 25
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    Tuna resource exploration with longline in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26258 | 2002 | 2019-03-01 06:00:19 | 26258 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: An exploratory tuna longline fishing survey was conducted using the research and training vessels of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, the 1,178 GT MV SEAFDEC and the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, the 165 GT MV MAYA-MAYA in the South China Sea Waters, West of the Philippines from April to May, 1998. A total of 3,796 hooks was set in sixteen (16) fishing stations. There were no tuna caught during the entire survey but only minor and irrelevant species like the Pacific lancetfish, sharks and an opah species, Lampris guttatus. The important fishing and oceanographic factors during the survey and other research results on longline are described and analyzed. Additional longline studies within and near the Philippines territorial waters are also presented to substantiate the research results of the joint SEAFDEC/BFAR resource exploratory.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Exploratory fishing ; Catch composition ; Fishery surveys ; Longlining ; Tuna fisheries ; South China Sea ; Philippines
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 39-48
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  • 26
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    Regional survey of pesticide residues in fish and fish products: Malaysia (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26299 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 06:00:01 | 26299 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Malaysia ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Biochemical analysis ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 71-74
    Format: 4
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  • 27
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    Regional survey of pesticide residues in fish and fish products: Myanmar (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26300 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 05:58:36 | 26300 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Myanmar ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 75-83
    Format: 9
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  • 28
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    Regional survey of histamine in fish and fish products: Indonesia (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26307 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 03:35:56 | 26307 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Indonesia ; Histamines ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Quality control
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 116-123
    Format: 8
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  • 29
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    Regional survey of pesticide residues in fish and fish products: Thailand (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26303 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 05:51:15 | 26303 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Thailand ; Pesticides ; Biological sampling ; Fish ; Fishery products ; Dried products ; Lethal limits
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 100-105
    Format: 6
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  • 30
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    Regional survey of histamine in fish and fish products: Myanmar (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26309 | 23782 | 2019-03-27 03:49:31 | 26309 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Myanmar ; Histamines ; Biological sampling ; Biochemical analysis ; Fish ; Fishery products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 129-133
    Format: 5
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  • 31
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    Determination of chemical properties of meat: Determination of K value (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26826 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 00:56:12 | 26826 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the determination of K value which is an index to measure the enzymatic freshness of fish and squid. Specifically, reagents, apparatus and the analytical procedures needed and the calculations are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-6.1-B-6.7
    Format: 7
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  • 32
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    Determination of chemical properties of meat: Freshness testing paper (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26825 | 23782 | 2019-11-21 00:52:35 | 26825 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in measuring K value in fish meat by means of the freshness testing paper technique.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: B-7.1-B-7.2
    Format: 2
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  • 33
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    Determination of physical properties of meat: Measurement of pH (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26802 | 23782 | 2019-11-12 05:28:20 | 26802 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Presented in the paper is the standard procedure in the measurement of pH in the fresh fish meat. Specifically, the procedures in sampling and sample preparation, apparatus and reagents required, and the analytical procedures are presented.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Microbiological analysis ; Fishery products ; Processed fishery products ; Fish inspection ; Fishery industry ; Food additives ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; pH
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: A-3.1-A-3.2
    Format: 2
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  • 34
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    Analysis of additives: Determination of starch (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26842 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:54:48 | 26842 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Starch is commonly used in the production of fish jelly products as an extender and as binding agent. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of starch in fish jelly products. Instructions for sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the determination of the starch in a sample are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Starch ; Additives ; Food additives
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-4.1-D-4.4
    Format: 4
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  • 35
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    Red tides and paralytic shellfish poisoning in the Philippines (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26881 | 23782 | 2019-11-05 02:46:02 | 26881 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Monitoring and investigative work undertaken in the Philippines regarding dinoflagellate blooms are described. Chronological observations of the occurrence of red tides, aerial surveys, spatial distribution of the dinoflagellate and the physical environment are discussed. Fishing and the examination of gut content of fish and mussels and bioassay tests are detailed. Incidents of paralytic shellfish poisoning in the Philippines are considered briefly.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Health ; Environmental monitoring ; Red tides ; Public health ; Medicine ; Dangerous organisms ; Philippines
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 52-79
    Format: 28
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  • 36
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    Red tide and paralytic shellfish poisoning phenomena in Thailand (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26885 | 23782 | 2019-11-05 02:23:34 | 26885 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: A report is made of the first incidence occurring of paralytic shellfish poisoning in Thailand in May 1983, following an extensive bloom of Trichodesmium erythraeum. Investigations undertaken regarding the source of the toxicity are outlined.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Health ; Biological poisons ; Public health ; Red tides ; Shellfish ; Dangerous organisms ; Thailand
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 90-91
    Format: 2
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  • 37
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    Red tide and paralytic shellfish poisoning in Sabah, Malaysia (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26879 | 23782 | 2019-11-05 02:54:38 | 26879 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: A brief account is given of recent cases of paralytic shellfish poisoning in Sabah, Malaysia, and toxicological studies undertaken. Hydrography surveys, underwater observations after the occurrence of the red tides and plankton studies and monitoring of red tides are discussed.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Health ; Shellfish ; Toxicity tests ; Red tides ; Public health ; Dangerous organisms ; Malaysia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 35-42
    Format: 8
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  • 38
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    Microbiological procedure: Vibrio cholera (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26852 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:36:44 | 26852 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Cholera is an acute specific infection caused by the organism, Vibrio cholera. Diagnosis may be confirmed by the presence of large numbers of the comma-shaped bacilli on direct microscopic examination of a fecal or vomitus smear, and by the isolation of the organism on culture. Fish and shellfish have been identified as vehicles of cholera. Large numbers of V. cholera must usually be ingested to cause cholera. Thus problems often occur when poor handling and inadequate refrigeration have allowed the organism to multiply. Presented in the paper is the methodology of determining the presence of Vibrio cholera in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Vibrio cholerae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: E-7.1-E-7.5
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  • 39
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    Fisheries statistics in Brunei Darussalam (2021)
    Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Bangkok, Thailand
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26890 | 23782 | 2019-11-14 01:01:29 | 26890 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Secretariat
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Fishery statistics in Brunei Darussalam have been collected by the Department of Fisheries since the 1940s. In the early 1980s, a number of statistics were collected, such as catch and effort data of artisanal fishermen, aquaculture statistics, processing statistics as well as data from major wet markets focusing on the amount, prices of marketed fish either from the local fishermen or imported. In 1984, the collection of statistics on commercial fishing was started. The statistics have been used in the formulation of fishery management and development policies as well as for sectoral development. Following a brief account of the responsibility and statistic collections of the Department of Fisheries, an examination is made of employment in the fishery sector, fisheries production, fish marketed and the GDP for the fishery industry. Fisheries in Brunei Darussalam is a very healthy industry, where production is well below the maximum allowable harvestable limit of 20,000 tons at 30%. The Department is embarking to increase production from the capture fishery to reduce the country's dependence on imported fish; the same applies for aquaculture, in order to complement production from the capture fisheries. The processing sector is also increasing in importance, especially with the increase in the number of capture fishery licenses, and the demand for quality and value-added products.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Marine fisheries ; Fishery statistics ; Aquaculture development ; Aquaculture statistics ; Fish catch statistics ; Marine aquaculture ; Freshwater aquaculture ; Fishery development ; Marine ; Brackish ; Freshwater
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 6-14
    Format: 9
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  • 40
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    Analysis of additives: Determination of salt (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26843 | 23782 | 2019-11-15 07:52:55 | 26843 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Sodium chloride is an important additive for the production of fish jelly products. It extracts the salt soluble protein to give the gel strength of the final product. The paper provides the methodology in the determination of the amount of sodium chloride in fish jelly products. Instructions for sample preparation and the reagents needed are presented. Detailed procedures in the determination of the salt in a sample are provided.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Chemical analysis ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Additives ; Food additives ; Salts ; Sodium chloride
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: D-5.1-D-5.2
    Format: 2
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  • 41
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    Microbiological procedure: Vibrio parahaemolyticus (2021)
    Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center | Singapore
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/26851 | 23782 | 2019-11-14 01:29:31 | 26851 | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Marine Fisheries Research Department
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-02
    Description: Food poisoning due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne infection resulting from the ingestion of a large number of this organism (about 106-109 viable cells). The major symptoms are diarrhea and abdominal pain with headache, fever, and vomiting also occurring. The organisms are excreted during the acute stage of the illness after which they decrease rapidly. The differentiation of V. parahaemolyticus from other pathogenic species of Vibrio is based mainly on salt tolerance, Voges-Proskauer reaction, fermentation of sucrose, and growth at 43°C. Presented in the paper is the methodology of determining the presence of Vibrio cholera in fish and fishery products.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Manuals ; Culture media ; Analysis ; Analytical techniques ; Methodology ; Fishery products ; Fishery industry ; Food technology ; Standards ; Specifications ; Aerobic bacteria ; Microbiological analysis ; Microorganisms ; Pathogenic bacteria ; Pathogens ; Health and safety ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; Vibrio cholerae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: E-8.1-E-8.6
    Format: 6
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  • 42
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    Inhibition of ocular dominance column formation by infusion of NT-4/5 or BDNF (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-17
    Description: During the development of the visual system of higher mammals, axons from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) become segregated into eye-specific patches (the ocular dominance columns) within their target, layer 4 of the primary visual cortex. This occurs as a consequence of activity-dependent synaptic competition between axons representing the two eyes. The possibility that this competition could be mediated through neurotrophin-receptor interactions was tested. Infusion of neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) into cat primary visual cortex inhibited column formation within the immediate vicinity of the infusion site but not elsewhere in the visual cortex. Infusion of nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), or vehicle solution did not affect column formation. These observations implicate TrkB, the common receptor for BDNF and NT-4/5, in the segregation of LGN axons into ocular dominance columns in layer 4. Moreover, they suggest that in addition to their better known roles in the prevention of cell death, neurotrophins may also mediate the activity-dependent control of axonal branching during development of the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cabelli, R J -- Hohn, A -- Shatz, C J -- EY02858/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY06327/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH 48108/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 17;267(5204):1662-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7886458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Axons/drug effects/*physiology ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cats ; Dominance, Cerebral/*drug effects ; Geniculate Bodies/drug effects/*ultrastructure ; Nerve Growth Factors/*pharmacology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*pharmacology ; Neurotrophin 3 ; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/physiology ; Visual Cortex/*drug effects/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Crystal structure of DCoH, a bifunctional, protein-binding transcriptional coactivator (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-28
    Description: DCoH, the dimerization cofactor of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1, stimulates gene expression by associating with specific DNA binding proteins and also catalyzes the dehydration of the biopterin cofactor of phenylalanine hydroxylase. The x-ray crystal structure determined at 3 angstrom resolution reveals that DCoH forms a tetramer containing two saddle-shaped grooves that comprise likely macromolecule binding sites. Two equivalent enzyme active sites flank each saddle, suggesting that there is a spatial connection between the catalytic and binding activities. Structural similarities between the DCoH fold and nucleic acid-binding proteins argue that the saddle motif has evolved to bind diverse ligands or that DCoH unexpectedly may bind nucleic acids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Endrizzi, J A -- Cronk, J D -- Wang, W -- Crabtree, G R -- Alber, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 28;268(5210):556-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3206, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7725101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Computer Graphics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hydro-Lyases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/metabolism
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    Opposing effects of ERK and JNK-p38 MAP kinases on apoptosis (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-24
    Description: Apoptosis plays an important role during neuronal development, and defects in apoptosis may underlie various neurodegenerative disorders. To characterize molecular mechanisms that regulate neuronal apoptosis, the contributions to cell death of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family members, including ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), JNK (c-JUN NH2-terminal protein kinase), and p38, were examined after withdrawal of nerve growth factor (NGF) from rat PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. NGF withdrawal led to sustained activation of the JNK and p38 enzymes and inhibition of ERKs. The effects of dominant-interfering or constitutively activated forms of various components of the JNK-p38 and ERK signaling pathways demonstrated that activation of JNK and p38 and concurrent inhibition of ERK are critical for induction of apoptosis in these cells. Therefore, the dynamic balance between growth factor-activated ERK and stress-activated JNK-p38 pathways may be important in determining whether a cell survives or undergoes apoptosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xia, Z -- Dickens, M -- Raingeaud, J -- Davis, R J -- Greenberg, M E -- CA43855/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA65861/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 24;270(5240):1326-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaloids/pharmacology ; Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*antagonists & ; inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Enzyme Activation ; Genes, jun ; *JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; MAP Kinase Kinase 1 ; MAP Kinase Kinase 3 ; MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology ; Neurons/*cytology/enzymology ; PC12 Cells ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; *Signal Transduction ; Staurosporine ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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    FFA-1, a protein that promotes the formation of replication centers within nuclei (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-09-29
    Description: In the nuclei of eukaryotic cells, initiation of DNA replication occurs at a discrete number of foci. One component of these foci is the DNA replication factor RP-A. Here, the process leading to the association of RP-A with foci was reconstituted with cytosolic fractions derived from Xenopus eggs. With the use of this fractionated system, a 170-kilodalton protein required for the assembly of RP-A into foci was identified and purified. The protein appears to be an integral component of the foci at which replication of DNA is initiated in eukaryotic nuclei.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yan, H -- Newport, J -- GM33523/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 29;269(5232):1883-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, San Diego, Department of Biology, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Cell-Free System ; Cytosol/chemistry ; *DNA Replication ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Oocytes ; Orientation ; Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Replication Protein A ; Xenopus
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Animal research bills threaten Polish science (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-07-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 21;269(5222):291.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; Databases, Factual ; *Government Regulation ; Legislation as Topic ; Poland ; *Social Control, Formal
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  • 47
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    Orphanin FQ: a neuropeptide that activates an opioidlike G protein-coupled receptor (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-03
    Description: A heptadecapeptide was identified and purified from porcine brain tissue as a ligand for an orphan heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor (LC132) that is similar in sequence to opioid receptors. This peptide, orphanin FQ, has a primary structure reminiscent of that of opioid peptides. Nanomolar concentrations of orphanin FQ inhibited forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity in cells transfected with LC132. This inhibitory activity was not affected by the addition of opioid ligands, nor did the peptide activate opioid receptors. Orphanin FQ bound to its receptor in a saturable manner and with high affinity. When injected intracerebroventricularly into mice, orphanin FQ caused a decrease in locomotor activity but did not induce analgesia in the hot-plate test. However, the peptide produced hyperalgesia in the tail-flick assay. Thus, orphanin FQ may act as a transmitter in the brain by modulating nociceptive and locomotor behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reinscheid, R K -- Nothacker, H P -- Bourson, A -- Ardati, A -- Henningsen, R A -- Bunzow, J R -- Grandy, D K -- Langen, H -- Monsma, F J Jr -- Civelli, O -- DA 08562/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA 09620/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 3;270(5237):792-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pharma Division, Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481766" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Analgesics/pharmacology ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus/chemistry ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Injections, Spinal ; Ligands ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Opioid Peptides/chemistry/*isolation & purification/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Pain Measurement ; Receptors, Neuropeptide/*metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/*metabolism ; Swine ; Transfection
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    The control of calcium release in heart muscle (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-19
    Description: The control of calcium release from intracellular stores (the sarcoplasmic reticulum) in cardiac muscle was examined with the use of a confocal microscope and voltage clamp techniques. Depolarization evoked graded calcium release by altering the extent of spatial and temporal summation of elementary calcium release events called "calcium sparks." These evoked sparks were triggered by local L-type calcium channel currents in a stochastic manner, were similar at different potentials, and resembled spontaneous calcium sparks. Once triggered, the calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during a calcium spark was independent of the duration of the triggering calcium influx. These results were used to develop a unifying model for cardiac excitation-contraction coupling that explains the large (but paradoxically stable) amplification of the trigger calcium influx by a combination of digital and analog behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cannell, M B -- Cheng, H -- Lederer, W J -- HL25675/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL36974/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 19;268(5213):1045-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7754384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ion Channel Gating/physiology ; Membrane Potentials/physiology ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Muscle Proteins/physiology ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Probability ; Rats ; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
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    A middle stone age worked bone industry from Katanda, Upper Semliki Valley, Zaire (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-28
    Description: Three archaeological sites at Katanda on the Upper Semliki River in the Western Rift Valley of Zaire have provided evidence for a well-developed bone industry in a Middle Stone Age context. Artifacts include both barbed and unbarbed points as well as a daggerlike object. Dating by both direct and indirect means indicate an age of approximately 90,000 years or older. Together with abundant fish (primarily catfish) remains, the bone technology indicates that a complex subsistence specialization had developed in Africa by this time. The level of behavioral competence required is consistent with that of upper Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens. These data support an African origin of behaviorally as well as biologically modern humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yellen, J E -- Brooks, A S -- Cornelissen, E -- Mehlman, M J -- Stewart, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 28;268(5210):553-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Archaeology Program, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7725100" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Archaeology ; *Behavior ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; History, Ancient ; *Hominidae ; Humans
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    Requirement for phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase in the prevention of apoptosis by nerve growth factor (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-31
    Description: Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces both differentiation and survival of neurons by binding to the Trk receptor protein tyrosine kinase. Although Ras is required for differentiation, it was not required for NGF-mediated survival of rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells in serum-free medium. However, the ability of NGF to prevent apoptosis (programmed cell death) was inhibited by wortmannin or LY294002, two specific inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol (Pl)-3 kinase. Moreover, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) prevented apoptosis of PC-12 cells expressing the wild-type PDGF receptor, but not of cells expressing a mutant receptor that failed to activate Pl-3 kinase. Cell survival thus appears to be mediated by a Pl-3 kinase signaling pathway distinct from the pathway that mediates differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yao, R -- Cooper, G M -- R01 CA 18689/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 31;267(5206):2003-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Genetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androstadienes/pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Enzyme Activation ; Nerve Growth Factors/*pharmacology ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/*metabolism ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; ras Proteins/metabolism
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    Animal testing and EPA (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farland, W H -- Vaughn-Dellarco, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 22;270(5244):1907, 1909.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8533076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogenicity Tests ; Diet ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; *Toxicity Tests ; United States ; *United States Environmental Protection Agency
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    Key NASA lab under fire for animal care practices (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-06-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 23;268(5218):1692.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7792586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Welfare/*standards ; Animals ; Rats ; Research/*standards ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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    Dissociation of synchronization and excitability in furosemide blockade of epileptiform activity (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-06
    Description: Furosemide, a chloride cotransport inhibitor, reversibly blocked synchronized burst discharges in hippocampal slices without reducing the pyramidal cell response to single electrical stimuli. Images of the intrinsic optical signal acquired during these slice experiments indicated that furosemide coincidentally blocked changes in extracellular space. In urethane-anesthetized rats, systemically injected furosemide blocked kainic acid-induced electrical discharges recorded from cortex. These results suggest that (i) neuronal synchronization involved in epileptiform activity can be dissociated from synaptic excitability; (ii) nonsynaptic mechanisms, possibly associated with furosemide-sensitive cell volume regulation, may be critical for synchronization of neuronal activity; and (iii) agents that affect extracellular volume may have clinical utility as antiepileptic drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hochman, D W -- Baraban, S C -- Owens, J W -- Schwartzkroin, P A -- NS07144/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15317/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 6;270(5233):99-102.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569957" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 4-Aminopyridine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants/*pharmacology ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Electric Stimulation ; Entorhinal Cortex/physiology ; Extracellular Space/drug effects/physiology ; Female ; Furosemide/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Pyramidal Cells/drug effects/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Status Epilepticus/chemically induced/*physiopathology ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
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    Calcium sparks in vascular smooth muscle: relaxation regulators (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fay, F S -- HL14523/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL47530/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 27;270(5236):588-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester 01605, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7570016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cerebral Arteries/physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; *Muscle Relaxation ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism/*physiology ; Potassium Channels/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Rats ; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Vasoconstriction ; Vasodilation
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    Role of NK1.1+ T cells in a TH2 response and in immunoglobulin E production (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-15
    Description: Immune responses dominated by interleukin-4 (IL-4)-producing T helper type 2 (TH2) cells or by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing T helper type 1 (TH1) cells express distinctive protection against infection with different pathogens. Interleukin-4 promotes the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into IL-4 producers and suppresses their development into IFN-gamma producers. CD1-specific splenic CD4+NK1.1+ T cells, a numerically minor population, produced IL-4 promptly on in vivo stimulation. This T cell population was essential for the induction of IL-4-producing cells and for switching to immunoglobulin E, an IL-4-dependent event, in response to injection of antibodies to immunoglobulin D.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoshimoto, T -- Bendelac, A -- Watson, C -- Hu-Li, J -- Paul, W E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 15;270(5243):1845-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8525383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Immunoglobulin E/*biosynthesis ; Interleukin-4/biosynthesis ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Spleen/cytology ; Th2 Cells/*immunology ; Thymus Gland/cytology
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    The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and its genome (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-20
    Description: Over the past two decades, the small soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has become established as a major model system for the study of a great variety of problems in biology and medicine. One of its most significant advantages is its simplicity, both in anatomy and in genomic organization. The entire haploid genetic content amounts to 100 million base pairs of DNA, about 1/30 the size of the human value. As a result, C. elegans has also provided a pilot system for the construction of physical maps of larger animal and plant genomes, and subsequently for the complete sequencing of those genomes. By mid-1995, approximately one-fifth of the complete DNA sequence of this animal had been determined. Caenorhabditis elegans provides a test bed not only for the development and application of mapping and sequencing technologies, but also for the interpretation and use of complete sequence information. This article reviews the progress so far toward a realizable goal--the total description of the genome of a simple animal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hodgkin, J -- Plasterk, R H -- Waterston, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):410-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Helminth ; *Genome ; Mutation ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A neuropeptide gene defined by the Drosophila memory mutant amnesiac (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-12
    Description: Mutations in genes required for associative learning and memory in Drosophila exist, but isolation of the genes has been difficult because most are defined by a single, chemically induced allele. Here, a simplified genetic screen was used to identify candidate genes involved in learning and memory. Second site suppressors of the dunce (dnc) female sterility phenotype were isolated with the use of transposon mutagenesis. One suppressor mutation that was recovered mapped in the amnesiac (amn) gene. Cloning of the locus revealed that amn encodes a previously uncharacterized neuropeptide gene. Thus, with the cloning of amn, specific neuropeptides are implicated in the memory process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feany, M B -- Quinn, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 12;268(5212):869-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7754370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/chemistry/genetics ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutation ; Neuropeptides/chemistry/*genetics ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Suppression, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Requirement of FGF-4 for postimplantation mouse development (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-13
    Description: Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are thought to influence many processes in vertebrate development because of their diverse sites of expression and wide range of biological activities in in vitro culture systems. As a means of elucidating embryonic functions of FGF-4, gene targeting was used to generate mice harboring a disrupted Fgf4 gene. Embryos homozygous for the null allele underwent uterine implantation and induced uterine decidualization but did not develop substantially thereafter. As was consistent with their behavior in vivo, Fgf4 null embryos cultured in vitro displayed severely impaired proliferation of the inner cell mass, whereas growth and differentiation of the inner cell mass were rescued when null embryos were cultured in the presence of FGF-4 protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feldman, B -- Poueymirou, W -- Papaioannou, V E -- DeChiara, T M -- Goldfarb, M -- HD21988/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD27198/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 13;267(5195):246-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Biophysical Studies, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7809630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blastocyst/cytology/physiology ; Crosses, Genetic ; Culture Techniques ; Embryonic Development/*physiology ; Embryonic and Fetal Development/*physiology ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics/pharmacology/*physiology ; Gene Targeting ; Heterozygote ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morula/drug effects/physiology ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/pharmacology/*physiology ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    How the brain creates imagery: projection to primary visual cortex (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-06-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miyashita, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 23;268(5218):1719-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7792596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Eidetic Imagery/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Memory/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; *Visual Perception
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Aggressive behavior and altered amounts of brain serotonin and norepinephrine in mice lacking MAOA (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-06-23
    Description: Deficiency in monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an enzyme that degrades serotonin and norepinephrine, has recently been shown to be associated with aggressive behavior in men of a Dutch family. A line of transgenic mice was isolated in which transgene integration caused a deletion in the gene encoding MAOA, providing an animal model of MAOA deficiency. In pup brains, serotonin concentrations were increased up to ninefold, and serotonin-like immunoreactivity was present in catecholaminergic neurons. In pup and adult brains, norepinephrine concentrations were increased up to twofold, and cytoarchitectural changes were observed in the somatosensory cortex. Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine. Adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844866/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844866/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cases, O -- Seif, I -- Grimsby, J -- Gaspar, P -- Chen, K -- Pournin, S -- Muller, U -- Aguet, M -- Babinet, C -- Shih, J C -- K05 MH 00796/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH 37020/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH 39085/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH039085/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH039085-23/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 23;268(5218):1763-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unite de Recherche Associee (URA), Institut Curie, Orsay, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7792602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Southern ; Brain/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Interferon-beta/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monoamine Oxidase/*deficiency ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Serotonin/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A molecular approach to cancer risk (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 21;268(5209):356-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7716533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogenicity Tests ; Carcinogens/*toxicity ; Chloroform/toxicity ; Dioxins/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Risk Assessment ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Telomeres: beginning to understand the end (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-08
    Description: Telomeres are the protein-DNA structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. In yeast, and probably most other eukaryotes, telomeres are essential. They allow the cell to distinguish intact from broken chromosomes, protect chromosomes from degradation, and are substrates for novel replication mechanisms. Telomeres are usually replicated by telomerase, a telomere-specific reverse transcriptase, although telomerase-independent mechanisms of telomere maintenance exist. Telomere replication is both cell cycle- and developmentally regulated, and its control is likely to be complex. Because telomere loss causes the kinds of chromosomal changes associated with cancer and aging, an understanding of telomere biology has medical relevance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zakian, V A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 8;270(5242):1601-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7502069" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Cycle ; Chromosomes/metabolism/physiology ; DNA/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA Replication ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Telomerase/metabolism ; Telomere/chemistry/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Protein lipidation in cell signaling (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-14
    Description: The ability of cells to communicate with and respond to their external environment is critical for their continued existence. A universal feature of this communication is that the external signal must in some way penetrate the lipid bilayer surrounding the cell. In most cases of such signal acquisition, the signaling entity itself does not directly enter the cell but rather transmits its information to specific proteins present on the surface of the cell membrane. These proteins then communicate with additional proteins associated with the intracellular face of the membrane. Membrane localization and function of many of these proteins are dependent on their covalent modification by specific lipids, and it is the processes involved that form the focus of this article.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Casey, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 14;268(5208):221-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-3686, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7716512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acylation ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Glycosylphosphatidylinositols/*metabolism ; *Lipid Metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The complexities of conception (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-07-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aitken, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 7;269(5220):39-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical Research Council, Edinburgh, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7604276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Egg Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lectins/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions/*physiology ; Spermatozoa/metabolism ; Zona Pellucida/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Localization of protein kinases by anchoring proteins: a theme in signal transduction (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-14
    Description: A fundamental question in signal transduction is how stimulation of a specific protein kinase leads to phosphorylation of particular protein substrates throughout the cell. Recent studies indicate that specific anchoring proteins located at various sites in the cell compartmentalize the kinases to their sites of action. Inhibitors of the interactions between kinases and their anchoring proteins inhibit the functions mediated by the kinases. These data indicate that the location of these anchoring proteins provides some of the specificity of the responses mediated by each kinase and suggest that inhibitors of the interaction between the kinases and their anchoring proteins may be useful as therapeutic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mochly-Rosen, D -- R01 HL-43380/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 14;268(5208):247-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA 94305-5332, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7716516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Compartmentation ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Humans ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction
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    Peptide binding and presentation by mouse CD1 (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-07-14
    Description: CD1 molecules are distantly related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins. They are of unknown function. Screening random peptide phage display libraries with soluble empty mouse CD1 (mCD1) identified a peptide binding motif. It consists of three anchor positions occupied by aromatic or bulky hydrophobic amino acids. Equilibrium binding studies demonstrated that mCD1 binds peptides containing the appropriate motif with relatively high affinity. However, in contrast to classical MHC class I molecules, strong binding to mCD1 required relatively long peptides. Peptide-specific, mCD1-restricted T cell responses can be raised, which suggests that the findings are of immunological significance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Castano, A R -- Tangri, S -- Miller, J E -- Holcombe, H R -- Jackson, M R -- Huse, W D -- Kronenberg, M -- Peterson, P A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 14;269(5221):223-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7542403" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antigen Presentation ; Antigens, CD/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, CD1 ; Cell Line ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptides/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Transfection
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    The RNA component of human telomerase (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-09-01
    Description: Eukaryotic chromosomes are capped with repetitive telomere sequences that protect the ends from damage and rearrangements. Telomere repeats are synthesized by telomerase, a ribonucleic acid (RNA)-protein complex. Here, the cloning of the RNA component of human telomerase, termed hTR, is described. The template region of hTR encompasses 11 nucleotides (5'-CUAACCCUAAC) complementary to the human telomere sequence (TTAGGG)n. Germline tissues and tumor cell lines expressed more hTR than normal somatic cells and tissues, which have no detectable telomerase activity. Human cell lines that expressed hTR mutated in the template region generated the predicted mutant telomerase activity. HeLa cells transfected with an antisense hTR lost telomeric DNA and began to die after 23 to 26 doublings. Thus, human telomerase is a critical enzyme for the long-term proliferation of immortal tumor cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, J -- Funk, W D -- Wang, S S -- Weinrich, S L -- Avilion, A A -- Chiu, C P -- Adams, R R -- Chang, E -- Allsopp, R C -- Yu, J -- AG09383/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1236-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geron Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7544491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Death ; *Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Templates, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Environmental toxicants under scrutiny at Baltimore meeting (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 24;267(5205):1770-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7892597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Ozone/*adverse effects ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*adverse effects ; Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology ; Smoke/*adverse effects ; Thyroid Hormones/metabolism ; Water Purification/methods
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    Exploring transgenic plants as a new vaccine source (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moffat, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 5;268(5211):658, 660.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7732373" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Plants, Genetically Modified/*immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic/*biosynthesis/immunology
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    Inhibition of proteasome activities and subunit-specific amino-terminal threonine modification by lactacystin (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-05
    Description: Lactacystin is a Streptomyces metabolite that inhibits cell cycle progression and induces neurite outgrowth in a murine neuroblastoma cell line. Tritium-labeled lactacystin was used to identify the 20S proteasome as its specific cellular target. Three distinct peptidase activities of this enzyme complex (trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like, and peptidylglutamyl-peptide hydrolyzing activities) were inhibited by lactacystin, the first two irreversibly and all at different rates. None of five other proteases were inhibited, and the ability of lactacystin analogs to inhibit cell cycle progression and induce neurite outgrowth correlated with their ability to inhibit the proteasome. Lactacystin appears to modify covalently the highly conserved amino-terminal threonine of the mammalian proteasome subunit X (also called MB1), a close homolog of the LMP7 proteasome subunit encoded by the major histocompatibility complex. This threonine residue may therefore have a catalytic role, and subunit X/MB1 may be a core component of an amino-terminal-threonine protease activity of the proteasome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fenteany, G -- Standaert, R F -- Lane, W S -- Choi, S -- Corey, E J -- Schreiber, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 5;268(5211):726-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7732382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcysteine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cattle ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/*drug effects/metabolism ; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multienzyme Complexes/*drug effects/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Neurons/*drug effects ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Threonine/*drug effects ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Test animals and risk (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holtzman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 17;270(5239):1101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7502020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; *Toxicity Tests/statistics & numerical data
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Participation of the human beta-globin locus control region in initiation of DNA replication (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-03
    Description: The human beta-globin locus control region (LCR) controls the transcription, chromatin structure, and replication timing of the entire locus. DNA replication was found to initiate in a transcription-independent manner within a region located 50 kilobases downstream of the LCR in human, mouse, and chicken cells containing the entire human beta-globin locus. However, DNA replication did not initiate within a deletion mutant locus lacking the sequences that encompass the LCR. This mutant locus replicated in the 3' to 5' direction. Thus, interactions between distantly separated sequences can be required for replication initiation, and factors mediating this interaction appear to be conserved in evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aladjem, M I -- Groudine, M -- Brody, L L -- Dieken, E S -- Fournier, R E -- Wahl, G M -- Epner, E M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 3;270(5237):815-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Line ; Chickens ; *DNA Replication ; Globins/*genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Deletion ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Immune system impairment and hepatic fibrosis in mice lacking the dioxin-binding Ah receptor (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-05
    Description: The aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor (AHR) mediates many carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of environmentally toxic chemicals such as dioxin. An AHR-deficient (Ahr-/-) mouse line was constructed by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Almost half of the mice died shortly after birth, whereas survivors reached maturity and were fertile. The Ahr-/- mice showed decreased accumulation of lymphocytes in the spleen and lymph nodes, but not in the thymus. The livers of Ahr-/- mice were reduced in size by 50 percent and showed bile duct fibrosis Ahr-/- mice were also nonresponsive with regard to dioxin-mediated induction of genes encoding enzymes that catalyze the metabolism of foreign compounds. Thus, the AHR plays an important role in the development of the liver and the immune system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fernandez-Salguero, P -- Pineau, T -- Hilbert, D M -- McPhail, T -- Lee, S S -- Kimura, S -- Nebert, D W -- Rudikoff, S -- Ward, J M -- Gonzalez, F J -- P30 ES06096/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES06811/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 5;268(5211):722-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7732381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Immunity/*physiology ; Liver/*physiology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/genetics/pathology ; Lymphoid Tissue/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics/*physiology
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    Genome maps. VI. Caenorhabditis elegans. Wall chart (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chalfie, M -- Eddy, S -- Hengartner, M O -- Hodgkin, J -- Kohara, Y -- Plasterk, R H -- Waterston, R H -- White, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):415-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Helminth ; *Genome ; Molecular Sequence Data
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  • 75
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    Regulation of ion channels by ABC transporters that secrete ATP (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-08-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉al-Awqati, Q -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Aug 11;269(5225):805-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7543697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*secretion ; Animals ; Chloride Channels/metabolism ; Cystic Fibrosis/metabolism ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; Humans ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; Potassium Channels/metabolism ; *Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Sodium Channels/metabolism ; Sulfonylurea Compounds/metabolism ; Sulfonylurea Receptors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Structure of a complex of two plasma proteins: transthyretin and retinol-binding protein (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-19
    Description: The three-dimensional structure of the complex formed by two plasma proteins, transthyretin and retinol-binding protein, was determined from x-ray diffraction data to a nominal resolution of 3.1 angstroms. One tetramer of transthyretin was bound to two molecules of retinol-binding protein. The two retinol-binding protein molecules established molecular interactions with the same transthyretin dimer, and each also made contacts with one of the other two monomers. Thus, the other two potential binding sites in a transthyretin tetramer were blocked. The amino acid residues of the retinol-binding protein that were involved in the contacts were close to the retinol-binding site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monaco, H L -- Rizzi, M -- Coda, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 19;268(5213):1039-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Pavia, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7754382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biopolymers ; Chickens ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Prealbumin/*chemistry ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Retinol-Binding Proteins/*chemistry ; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Springs for wings (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alexander, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 7;268(5207):50-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Leeds, England.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/physiology ; Elasticity ; Flight, Animal/*physiology ; Insects/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Wings, Animal/*physiology
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    Requirement for Src family protein tyrosine kinases in G2 for fibroblast cell division (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-09-15
    Description: The protein tyrosine kinase c-Src is transiently activated at the transition from the G2 phase to mitosis in the cell cycle of mammalian fibroblasts. Fyn and Yes, the other members of the Src family present in fibroblasts, were also found to be activated at mitosis. In cells microinjected with a neutralizing antibody specific for Src, Fyn, and Yes (anti-cst.1) during G2, cell division was inhibited by 75 percent. The block occurred before nuclear envelope breakdown. Antibodies specific for phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase alpha and phospholipase C-gamma 1 had no effect. Microinjection of the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of Fyn was also inhibitory. Functional redundancy between members of the Src family was observed; a Src-specific antibody had no effect in NIH 3T3 cells but inhibited cell division in fibroblasts in which the only functional Src family kinase was Src itself. Thus, Src family kinases and proteins associating with their SH2 domains are required for entry into mitosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roche, S -- Fumagalli, S -- Courtneidge, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 15;269(5230):1567-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) faculte de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7545311" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Enzyme Activation ; *G2 Phase ; Isoenzymes/immunology/metabolism ; Mice ; Microinjections ; *Mitosis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nocodazole/pharmacology ; Phospholipase C gamma ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/immunology/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)/immunology/metabolism ; Type C Phospholipases/immunology/metabolism ; *src-Family Kinases
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    Requirement of serine phosphorylation for formation of STAT-promoter complexes (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-31
    Description: Members of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines bind to and activate receptors that contain a common subunit, gp130. This leads to the activation of Stat3 and Stat1, two cytoplasmic signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs), by tyrosine phosphorylation. Serine phosphorylation of Stat3 was constitutive and was enhanced by signaling through gp130. In cells of lymphoid and neuronal origins, inhibition of serine phosphorylation prevented the formation of complexes of DNA with Stat3-Stat3 but not with Stat3-Stat1 or Stat1-Stat1 dimers. In vitro serine dephosphorylation of Stat3 also inhibited DNA binding of Stat3-Stat3. The requirement of serine phosphorylation for Stat3-Stat3.DNA complex formation was inversely correlated with the affinity of Stat3-Stat3 for the binding site. Thus, serine phosphorylation appears to enhance or to be required for the formation of stable Stat3-Stat3.DNA complexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, X -- Blenis, J -- Li, H C -- Schindler, C -- Chen-Kiang, S -- CA46595/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL 21006/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 31;267(5206):1990-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Brookdale Center for Molecular Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Isoquinolines/pharmacology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Piperazines/pharmacology ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Serine/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Threonine/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/*metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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    Cracking the neuronal code (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferster, D -- Spruston, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 3;270(5237):756-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/cytology/physiology ; Brain/cytology/*physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Hippocampus/cytology/physiology ; Kinetics ; *Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Cortex/cytology/physiology
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  • 81
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    Genetic feminization of brain structures and changed sexual orientation in male Drosophila (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-10
    Description: The neural basis of sexual orientation in Drosophila was studied by the production of males with regionally feminized brains. Such flies express the female form of the sex determination gene transformer in a limited number of neurons under the control of GAL4 enhancer trap inserts. This method facilitated the creation of lines with a stable pattern of feminization. In tests of sexual preferences, flies that were feminized in a portion of the antennal lobes or in a subset of the corpora pedunculata (mushroom bodies) courted both males and females. These two brain structures, both of which are involved in olfactory processing, may function in the recognition of sex-specific pheromones, in the control of sex-specific behaviors, or both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferveur, J F -- Stortkuhl, K F -- Stocker, R F -- Greenspan, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 10;267(5199):902-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, New York University, NY 10003.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7846534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bisexuality ; Brain/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Male ; Sex Attractants/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Smell
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  • 82
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    Cytostatic gene therapy for vascular proliferative disorders with a constitutively active form of the retinoblastoma gene product (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-27
    Description: Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in response to injury is an important etiologic factor in vascular proliferative disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after balloon angioplasty. The retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) is present in the unphosphorylated and active form in quiescent primary arterial SMCs, but is rapidly inactivated by phosphorylation in response to growth factor stimulation in vitro. A replication-defective adenovirus encoding a nonphosphorylatable, constitutively active form of Rb was constructed. Infection of cultured primary rat aortic SMCs with this virus inhibited growth factor-stimulated cell proliferation in vitro. Localized arterial infection with the virus at the time of balloon angioplasty significantly reduced SMC proliferation and neointima formation in both the rat carotid and porcine femoral artery models of restenosis. These results demonstrate the role of Rb in regulating vascular SMC proliferation and suggest a gene therapy approach for vascular proliferative disorders associated with arterial injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, M W -- Barr, E -- Seltzer, J -- Jiang, Y Q -- Nabel, G J -- Nabel, E G -- Parmacek, M S -- Leiden, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 27;267(5197):518-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7824950" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics/physiology ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blood ; Carotid Arteries/virology ; Cell Division ; Disease Models, Animal ; Femoral Artery/virology ; *Genes, Retinoblastoma ; *Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*cytology/pathology/virology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retinoblastoma Protein/*physiology ; Swine ; Vascular Diseases/pathology/*therapy
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    Rules would drop need for clinical data (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 6;267(5194):23-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7809603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotechnology/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 84
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    Ras-dependent induction of cellular responses by constitutively active phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-07
    Description: Phosphatidylinositol (Pl)-3 kinase is one of many enzymes stimulated by growth factors. A constitutively activated mutant, p110, that functions independently of growth factor stimulation was constructed to determine the specific responses regulated by Pl-3 kinase. The p110 protein exhibited high specific activity as a Pl-3 kinase and as a protein kinase. Expression of p110 in NIH 3T3 cells induced transcription from the fos promoter. Co-expression of dominant negative Ras blocked this response. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, p110 increased the amount of guanosine 5'-triphosphate-bound Ras, caused activation of the Ras effector Raf-1, and induced Ras-dependent oocyte maturation. These findings show that Pl-3 kinase can stimulate diverse Ras-dependent cellular processes, including oocyte maturation and fos transcription.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hu, Q -- Klippel, A -- Muslin, A J -- Fantl, W J -- Williams, L T -- R01 HL32898/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 7;268(5207):100-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0130, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Animals ; Genes, fos/genetics ; Mice ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/biosynthesis/*physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis ; Signal Transduction/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic/physiology ; Xenopus laevis ; ras Proteins/*physiology
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  • 85
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    Regeneration and mammalian auditory hair cells (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1995-02-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chardin, S -- Romand, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 3;267(5198):707-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7839151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cilia/ultrastructure ; Culture Media ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Neomycin/pharmacology ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Organ of Corti/drug effects/physiology/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration/*drug effects ; Tretinoin/*pharmacology
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    Crystal structure of the V alpha domain of a T cell antigen receptor (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-15
    Description: The crystal structure of the V alpha domain of a T cell antigen receptor (TCR) was determined at a resolution of 2.2 angstroms. This structure represents an immunoglobulin topology set different from those previously described. A switch in a polypeptide strand from one beta sheet to the other enables a pair of V alpha homodimers to pack together to form a tetramer, such that the homodimers are parallel to each other and all hypervariable loops face in one direction. On the basis of the observed mode of V alpha association, a model of an (alpha beta)2 TCR tetramer can be positioned relative to the major histocompatibility complex class II (alpha beta)2 tetramer with the third hypervariable loop of V alpha over the amino-terminal portion of the antigenic peptide and the corresponding loop of V beta over its carboxyl-terminal residues. TCR dimerization that is mediated by the alpha chain may contribute to the coupling of antigen recognition to signal transduction during T cell activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fields, B A -- Ober, B -- Malchiodi, E L -- Lebedeva, M I -- Braden, B C -- Ysern, X -- Kim, J K -- Shao, X -- Ward, E S -- Mariuzza, R A -- AI31592/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM52801/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 15;270(5243):1821-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8525376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/*chemistry/immunology
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  • 87
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    Detecting dinosaur DNA (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zischler, H -- Hoss, M -- Handt, O -- von Haeseler, A -- van der Kuyl, A C -- Goudsmit, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 26;268(5214):1192-3; author reply 1194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7605504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cytochrome b Group/*genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; *Fossils ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny
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  • 88
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    Potentiation of transmitter release by ciliary neurotrophic factor requires somatic signaling (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-03
    Description: Neurotrophic factors participate in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Application of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a protein that promotes survival of motor neurons, resulted in an immediate potentiation of spontaneous and impulse-evoked transmitter release at developing neuromuscular synapses in Xenopus cell cultures. When CNTF was applied at the synapse, the onset of the potentiation was slower than that produced by application at the cell body of the presynaptic neuron. The potentiation effect was abolished when the neurite shaft was severed from the cell body. Thus, transmitter secretion from the nerve terminals is under immediate somatic control and can be regulated by CNTF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stoop, R -- Poo, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 3;267(5198):695-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7839148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*metabolism ; Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Dactinomycin/pharmacology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Neurites/physiology ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects/*metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Synapses/drug effects/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission ; Xenopus
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  • 89
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    Dogfight erupts over animal studies in the Serengeti (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 24;270(5240):1302-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Identification Systems ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; *Carnivora ; Handling (Psychology) ; Rabies/etiology/*veterinary ; Stress, Physiological/complications/*veterinary ; Tanzania
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Crystal structure of the xanthine oxidase-related aldehyde oxido-reductase from D. gigas (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-17
    Description: The crystal structure of the aldehyde oxido-reductase (Mop) from the sulfate reducing anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium Desulfovibrio gigas has been determined at 2.25 A resolution by multiple isomorphous replacement and refined. The protein, a homodimer of 907 amino acid residues subunits, is a member of the xanthine oxidase family. The protein contains a molybdopterin cofactor (Mo-co) and two different [2Fe-2S] centers. It is folded into four domains of which the first two bind the iron sulfur centers and the last two are involved in Mo-co binding. Mo-co is a molybdenum molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide. Molybdopterin forms a tricyclic system with the pterin bicycle annealed to a pyran ring. The molybdopterin dinucleotide is deeply buried in the protein. The cis-dithiolene group of the pyran ring binds the molybdenum, which is coordinated by three more (oxygen) ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romao, M J -- Archer, M -- Moura, I -- Moura, J J -- LeGall, J -- Engh, R -- Schneider, M -- Hof, P -- Huber, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 17;270(5239):1170-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica, Oeiras, Portugal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7502041" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Coenzymes/chemistry/metabolism ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cytosine Nucleotides/chemistry/metabolism ; Desulfovibrio/*enzymology ; Drosophila melanogaster/enzymology ; Electron Transport ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Iron/chemistry ; Ligands ; Metalloproteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molybdenum/chemistry/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Pteridines/chemistry/metabolism ; Pterins/chemistry/metabolism ; Xanthine ; Xanthine Oxidase/*chemistry ; Xanthines/metabolism
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  • 91
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    Linked regularities in the development and evolution of mammalian brains (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-06-16
    Description: Analysis of data collected on 131 species of primates, bats, and insectivores showed that the sizes of brain components, from medulla to forebrain, are highly predictable from absolute brain size by a nonlinear function. The order of neurogenesis was found to be highly conserved across a wide range of mammals and to correlate with the relative enlargement of structures as brain size increases, with disproportionately large growth occurring in late-generated structures. Because the order of neurogenesis is conserved, the most likely brain alteration resulting from selection for any behavioral ability may be a coordinated enlargement of the entire nonolfactory brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finlay, B L -- Darlington, R B -- NS19245/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 16;268(5217):1578-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7777856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*anatomy & histology/cytology/growth & development ; Cell Division ; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Insectivora/anatomy & histology ; Mammals/*anatomy & histology ; Models, Neurological ; Models, Statistical ; Neurons/*cytology ; Primates/anatomy & histology ; Regression Analysis ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Detecting dinosaur DNA (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allard, M W -- Young, D -- Huyen, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 26;268(5214):1192; author reply 1194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7761840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/chemistry ; Cytochrome b Group/*genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; Humans ; Mammals/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 93
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    African origins: west side story (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 17;270(5239):1117.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7502032" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; *Hominidae/anatomy & histology ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Requirement for TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha in fetal thymocyte commitment and differentiation (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-06-30
    Description: CD25 expression occurs early in thymocyte differentiation. The mechanism of induction of CD25 before T cell receptor rearrangement and the importance of this mechanism for T cell development are unknown. In a thymus reconstitution assay, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), two cytokines produced within the thymic microenvironment, induced CD25 expression on early immature thymocytes. Either TNF-alpha or IL-1 alpha was necessary for further thymocyte maturation and CD4+CD8+ differentiation. In irradiated mice reconstituted with CD117+CD25+ thymocytes, commitment to the T cell lineage was marked by the loss of precursor multipotency.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zuniga-Pflucker, J C -- Jiang, D -- Lenardo, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 30;268(5219):1906-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7541554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/immunology ; Interleukin-1/pharmacology/*physiology ; Interleukin-7/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, SCID ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Interleukin-2/*biosynthesis ; Stromal Cells/physiology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/immunology ; Thymus Gland/cytology/*embryology/immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology/*physiology
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  • 95
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    Defects in the barrier (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roop, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 27;267(5197):474-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7529942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Humans ; Ichthyosis/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Ichthyosis, Lamellar/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Intermediate Filaments/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Keratinocytes/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Keratins/genetics ; Lipid Metabolism ; Mutation ; Transglutaminases/genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Cowardly lions confound cooperation theory (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-09-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1216-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7652566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Game Theory ; Lions/*psychology ; *Territoriality
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  • 97
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    Integrins and modulation of transmitter release from motor nerve terminals by stretch (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-09-15
    Description: The stretch of a frog muscle within the physiological range can more than double the spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter from its motor nerve terminals. Here, stretch enhancement of release was suppressed by peptides containing the sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD), which blocks integrin binding. Integrin antibodies also inhibited the enhancement obtained by stretching. Stretch enhancement depended on intraterminal calcium derived both from external calcium and from internal stores. Muscle stretch thus might enhance the release of neurotransmitters either by elevating internal calcium concentrations or by increasing the sensitivity of transmitter release to calcium in the nerve terminal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, B M -- Grinnell, A D -- NS06232/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS30673/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 15;269(5230):1578-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jerry Lewis Neuromuscular Research Center, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine, 90024, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7667637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Integrins/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Microelectrodes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Endplate/physiology ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Neuromuscular Junction/*physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Oligopeptides/pharmacology ; Rana pipiens
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  • 98
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    Control of cell fate by a deubiquitinating enzyme encoded by the fat facets gene (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-15
    Description: Ubiquitin is a highly conserved polypeptide found in all eukaryotes. The major function of ubiquitin is to target proteins for complete or partial degradation by a multisubunit protein complex called the proteasome. Here, the Drosophila fat facets gene, which is required for the appropriate determination of particular cells in the fly eye, was shown to encode a ubiquitin-specific protease (Ubp), an enzyme that cleaves ubiquitin from ubiquitin-protein conjugates. The Fat facets protein (FAF) acts as a regulatory Ubp that prevents degradation of its substrate by the proteasome. Flies bearing fat facets gene mutations were used to show that a Ubp is cell type--and substrate-specific and a regulator of cell fate decisions in a multicellular organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Y -- Baker, R T -- Fischer-Vize, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 15;270(5243):1828-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8525378" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Drosophila/embryology/enzymology/genetics ; Endopeptidases/genetics/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; Eye/embryology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Ubiquitins/*metabolism ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    PER protein interactions and temperature compensation of a circadian clock in Drosophila (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-24
    Description: The periods of circadian clocks are relatively temperature-insensitive. Indeed, the perL mutation in the Drosophila melanogaster period gene, a central component of the clock, affects temperature compensation as well as period length. The per protein (PER) contains a dimerization domain (PAS) within which the perL mutation is located. Amino acid substitutions at the perL position rendered PER dimerization temperature-sensitive. In addition, another region of PER interacted with PAS, and the perL mutation enhanced this putative intramolecular interaction, which may compete with PAS-PAS intermolecular interactions. Therefore, temperature compensation of circadian period in Drosophila may be due in part to temperature-independent PER activity, which is based on competition between inter- and intramolecular interactions with similar temperature coefficients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Z J -- Curtin, K D -- Rosbash, M -- GM-33205/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 24;267(5201):1169-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brandeis University, Department of Biology, Waltham, MA 02254.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7855598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Clocks ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Drosophila Proteins ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Insect ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Point Mutation ; Temperature
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Zeroing in on how hormones affect the immune system (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-08-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Aug 11;269(5225):773-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7638587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/etiology ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Estrogens/*physiology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genitalia, Female/physiology ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Humans ; Immune System/*physiology ; Infection/immunology ; Male ; Menopause ; *Menstrual Cycle
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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