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  • Articles  (112)
  • Pregnancy  (79)
  • Disease Models, Animal  (38)
  • 2010-2014
  • 1980-1984  (112)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1981  (59)
  • 1980  (53)
  • Science. 207(4426): 78-80.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4427): 205-7.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4428): 315-7.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4428): 328-9.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4432): 788-91.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4433): 837-42.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4433): 902-4.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4434): 1008.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4435): 1079-80.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4435): 1083-5.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4436): 1220-2.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4437): 1296-7.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4437): 1323-5, 1327-8.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4437): 1367-9.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4439): 59-61.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4439): 64-6.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4440): 183-5.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4441): 256-61.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4442): 408-10.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4443): 505-8.  (1)
  • 25
Collection
  • Articles  (112)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2010-2014
  • 1980-1984  (112)
  • 1950-1954
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
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    Fetal exposure to narcotics: neonatal sleep as a measure of nervous system disturbance (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Newborn infants, chronically exposed in utero to low doses of methadone with or without concomitant heroin, display more rapid eye movement sleep and less quiet sleep than control infants, while babies fetally exposed to both opiates and nonopiates have less organization of sleep states. Other perinatal factors, such as birth weight and gestational age, are related more to the amount of fetal drug exposure than to the type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dinges, D F -- Davis, M M -- Glass, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):619-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190326" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Birth Weight ; Female ; Heroin/*adverse effects ; Heroin Dependence/drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/*chemically induced ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Methadone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Sleep/*drug effects ; Substance-Related Disorders
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    L-Ornithine decarboxylase:an essential role in early mammalian embryogenesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: The highly selective, enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of L-ornithine decarboxylase, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, suppresses the increase in uterine L-ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with early embryogenesis in the mouse and arrests embryonic development at that stage. Contragestational effects were confirmed in the rat and rabbit. An increase in L-ornithine decarboxylase activity that leads to a rapid increase in putrescine concentration appears to be essential during a critical period after implantation for continued mammalian embryonal growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fozard, J R -- Part, M L -- Prakash, N J -- Grove, J -- Schechter, P J -- Sjoerdsma, A -- Koch-Weser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):505-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6768132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*physiology ; Eflornithine ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Mice ; Ornithine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/*physiology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Uterus/drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Reorganization of the axon membrane in demyelinated peripheral nerve fibers: morphological evidence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: Cytochemical staining of demyelinated peripheral axons revealed two types of axon membrane organization, one of which suggests that the demyelinated axolemma acquires a high density of sodium channels. Ferric ion-ferrocyanide stain was confined to a restricted region of axon membrane at the beginning of a demyelinated segment or was distributed throughout the demyelinated segment of axon. The latter pattern represents one possible morphological correlate of continuous conduction through a demyelinated segment and suggests a reorganization of the axolemma after demyelination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Foster, R E -- Whalen, C C -- Waxman, S G -- NS-15320/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):661-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6159685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Demyelinating Diseases/metabolism/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Male ; Neural Conduction ; Neurilemma/*metabolism/pathology ; Rats ; Staining and Labeling
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Survival of mice receiving melanoma transplants is promoted by hydroquinone (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: In BALB/c female mice with melanoma transplants, the incidence of "takes" is decreased and survival is increased by hydroquinone, a melanocytolytic agent. The mechanism of drug action is suggested by via DNA. The significant and high degree of positive response to hydroquinone treatment in vivo is encouraging for the clinical management of melanoma with melanocytolytic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chavin, W -- Jelonek, E J Jr -- Reed, A H -- Binder, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):408-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hydroquinones/metabolism/*therapeutic use ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanoma/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Identical twins reared apart (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1323-5, 1327-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Environment ; Female ; Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins/*psychology ; Twins, Monozygotic/*psychology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Olfactory sensitivity in humans: genetic versus environmental control (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Olfactory sensitivity to acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and 2-sec-butyl-cyclohexanone was tested in 97 adult male twin pairs to determine the extent to which variation in odor perception was genetically determined. Analysis of the data revealed no evidence for heritability of olfactory sensitivity. However, factors significantly associated with odor perception included cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking; body fatness; alcohol consumption; and diabetes mellitus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubert, H B -- Fabsitz, R R -- Feinleib, M -- Brown, K S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Butyrates ; Cyclohexanones ; *Environment ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sensory Thresholds ; Skinfold Thickness ; Smell/*physiology ; Smoking ; *Twins ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Dorsal root ganglion neurons are destroyed by exposure in utero to maternal antibody to nerve growth factor (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: Rats and guinea pigs, when immunized with mouse nerve growth factor, produce antibodies that cross-react with their own nerve growth factor. The antibodies reach developing offspring of these animals both prenatally (rats and guinea pigs) and postnatally (rats). Depriving the fetus of nerve growth factor in this way results in the destruction of up to 85 percent of dorsal root ganglion neurons as well as destruction of sympathetic neurons. Sensory neurons of placodal origin in the nodose ganglion were not affected. These data demonstrate that dorsal root ganglion neurons go through a phase of nerve growth factor dependence in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, E M Jr -- Gorin, P D -- Brandeis, L D -- Pearson, J -- HD12260/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL20604/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):916-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; Female ; Ganglia, Spinal/cytology/*embryology/growth & development ; Guinea Pigs ; Lactation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Milk/immunology ; Nerve Growth Factors/*immunology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Maternal glucocorticoid hormones influence neurotransmitter phenotypic expression in embryos (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: Treatment of pregnant rats with reserpine prevented the normal disappearance of catecholamine fluorescence in presumptive neuroblasts of the embryonic gut. These cells normally express the noradrenergic phenotype transiently during embryonic development. The effect of reserpine was reproduced by treating mothers with hydrocortisone acetate. Moreover, the reserpine effect was blocked by treatment with dexamethasone, which inhibits the stress-induced increase in plasma glucocorticoids, and by mitotone, which causes adrenocortical cytolysis. It is concluded that reserpine, through the mediation of maternal glucocorticoid hormones, alters the phenotypic expression of these embryonic neuroblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jonakait, G M -- Bohn, M C -- Black, I B -- HD 12108/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 06400/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 10259/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/*pharmacology ; Intestines/*embryology/innervation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Reserpine/*pharmacology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    High-molecular-weight immunoreactive beta-endorphin in extracts of human placenta is a fragment of immunoglobulin G (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: A high-molecular-weight protein with beta-endorphin- and adrenocorticotropin-immunoreactivities was isolated from extracts of human placenta after several purification steps, including immunoadsorption with a well-characterized antiserum raised to beta-endorphin. This protein was identified as the heavy chain of the human immunoglobulin class IgG1. These results have led to the recognition of homologies in the amino acid sequences of these physiologically unrelated molecules. They also suggest caution in accepting immunological competence as the sole criterion of the chemical identity of a ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Julliard, J H -- Shibasaki, T -- Ling, N -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6244620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Endorphins/*analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/*analysis ; Placental Extracts/*analysis ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; beta-Endorphin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    How safe is Bendectin? (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):518-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Dicyclomine ; Doxylamine/*adverse effects ; Drug Combinations/adverse effects ; Drug Evaluation ; Female ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Pregnancy ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Pyridoxine/*adverse effects ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Prenatal diagnosis fo neural tube defects (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6157193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Therapeutic/standards ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Government Regulation ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Neural Tube Defects/*diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnant Women ; *Prenatal Diagnosis ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Social Justice ; Spina Bifida Occulta/diagnosis ; United States ; Voluntary Programs ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Role of the spleen in the growth of a murine B cell leukemia (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: A spontaneous B cell leukemia (BCL1) grew progressively in normal BALB/c mice after injection of tumor cells but did not grow in splenectomized recipients. Despite the absence of progressive tumor growth, residual tumor cells with malignant potential were found in the peripheral blood of the splenectomized animals. Splenectomy performed after injection of tumor cells but before the development of marked leukocytosis also prevented progressive tumor growth and death of the host. Thus the spleen appears to be necessary for progressive proliferation of this lymphocytic leukemia early after passage in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kotzin, B L -- Strober, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6965803" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Leukemia, Experimental/etiology/physiopathology ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/*etiology/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen/*physiology ; Splenectomy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Local effect of the blastocyst on estrogen and progesterone receptors in the rat endometrium (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Nuclear receptors for both estradiol and progesterone were present in twofold higher concentrations in implantation sites than in nonimplantation regions of the endometrium of 6-day pregnant rats. Decidualization in the absence of an embryo was not accompanied by a similar increase in the concentration of nuclear receptors. Moreover, this difference in receptor distribution between the implantation and nonimplantation areas persisted when a major part of the maternal supply of sex steroids was suppressed by ovariectomy on day 5 of pregnancy. These results support the hypothesis that steroids originating from the embryo affect the endometrial implantation site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Logeat, F -- Sartor, P -- Hai, M T -- Milgrom, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1083-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*metabolism ; Castration ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Decidua/metabolism ; Endometrium/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Pregnancy ; Pseudopregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Mebendazole therapy of parenteral trichinellosis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-14
    Description: Mebendazole was highly effective against the helminth parasite Trichinella spiralis in mice subjected to a 3-day course of treatment during the invasive and encystment phases of experimental trichinellosis. When treatment began either 2 or 4 weeks after the mice were inoculated with parasites, the number of larvae developing in the host musculature was greatly reduced by twice-daily oral administration of 3.125, 6.25, or 12.5 milligrams of mebendazole per kilogram of body weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCracken, R O -- Taylor, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 14;207(4436):1220-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles/*therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Larva ; Male ; Mebendazole/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Mice ; Muscles/parasitology ; Trichinella/drug effects ; Trichinellosis/*drug therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Animal anorexias (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: Eating very little in the presence of food or failure to serach for food has been documented in various species during the hibernation season, incubation, molting, and defense of the territory or harem. At these times feeding competes with other, more important activities. One way to avoid conflicts between feeding and these other activities to lower the programmed weight or set-point for body fat. Experiments on mammalian hibernators and incubating birds provide evidence that set-points are indeed lowered. Failure to eat in these two examples depends on anorexia, loss of appetite. A review of other examples suggests that conceptualization in terms of lowered set-points provides a unified and testable way of understanding many naturally occurring instances of fasting in the animal kingdom. Finally, spontaneous animal anorexias are contrasted with attempts by people to lose weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mrosovsky, N -- Sherry, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):837-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6928327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anorexia/*veterinary ; Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Birds/physiology ; Body Weight ; Disease Models, Animal ; Energy Metabolism ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/*veterinary ; Hibernation ; Humans ; Maternal Behavior/physiology ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Rodentia/physiology ; Territoriality
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    alpha-Lactalbumin-casein induction in virgin mouse mammary explants: dose-dependent differential action of cortisol (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: The interplay of insulin, cortisol, and prolactin induces synthesis of casein and alpha-lactalbumin in cultured mammary explants from mature virgin mice. A striking difference has been found between the optimal concentrations of cortisol required for maximal induction of the two milk proteins in vitro: 3 x 10(-8) molar for alpha-lactalbumin and 3 x 10(-6) molar for casein. Moreover, 10(-7) to 10(-5) molar cortisol caused progressive inhibition of alpha-lactalbumin accumulation. Such differential actions of cortisol may partly account for the asynchronous synthesis of the two proteins during pregnancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ono, M -- Oka, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1367-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caseins/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/*pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Lactalbumin/*biosynthesis ; Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects/*metabolism ; Mice ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/pharmacology
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  • 17
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    Inverse relation between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate in human fetal plasma (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: A striking inverse correlation was found in umbilical cord plasma between the concentrations of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol but not high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol or very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate is a major secretory product of the human fetal adrenal and the principal precursor of placental estrogen production. The data suggest that the concentrations for LDL-cholesterol in fetal plasma are influenced by the rate of utilization of LDL-cholesterol by the fetal adrenal for steroidogenesis and are not necessarily related to a genetic predisposition for hypercholesterolemia or other lipoprotein disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parker, C R Jr -- Simpson, E R -- Bilheimer, D W -- Leveno, K -- Carr, B R -- MacDonald, P C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6445079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/secretion ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Dehydroepiandrosterone/*analogs & derivatives/blood/metabolism ; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*analysis ; Humans ; Hypertension/metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL/*blood/metabolism ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/metabolism
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  • 18
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    Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors during the rat estrous cycle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: The binding of [6-alanine]gonadotropin-releasing hormone to pituitary plasma membranes increased threefold between metestrus and early proestrus in female rats. Receptor numbers fell rapidly on the afternoon of proestrus coincident with the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. The numbers of receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone were positively correlated with concentrations of estradiol in serum; this pattern may be a necessary component of increased pituitary sensitivty to gonadotropin-releasing hormone observed during proestrus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savoy-Moore, R T -- Schwartz, N B -- Duncan, J A -- Marshall, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Estradiol/blood ; *Estrus ; Feedback ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 19
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    Latency of herpes simplex virus in absence of neutralizing antibody: model for reactivation (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: Mice inoculated with herpes simplex virus (type 1) by the lip or corneal route and then passively immunized with rabbit antibody to herpes simplex virus developed a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglia within 96 hours. Neutralizing antibody to herpes simplex virus was cleared from the circulation and could not be detected in most of these mice after 2 months. Examination of ganglia from the antibody-negative mice revealed latent virus in over 90 percent of the animals, indicating that serum neutralizing antibody is not necessary to maintain the latent state. When the lips or corneas of these mice were traumatized, viral reactivation occurred in up to 90 percent of the mice, as demonstrated by the appearance of neutralizing antibody. This study provides a model for identifying factors that trigger viral reactivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sekizawa, T -- Openshaw, H -- Wohlenberg, C -- Notkins, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1026-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/*metabolism ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ganglia/microbiology ; Herpes Simplex/*immunology ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunization, Passive ; Mice ; Simplexvirus/*growth & development/immunology ; *Virus Activation
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  • 20
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    Genetic studies of an acardiac monster: evidence of polar body twinning in man (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: Two maternally derived chromosome sets and both maternal histocompatibility antigen haplotypes were identified in the tissues of a malformed triploid acardiac twin that developed within the same chorion as its normal twin. These findings indicate that the twins arose as a result of independent fertilizations, by two different spermatozoa, of a normal haploid ovum and its diploid first-meiotic-division polar body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bieber, F R -- Nance, W E -- Morton, C C -- Brown, J A -- Redwine, F O -- Jordan, R L -- Mohanakumar, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7196086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid/*genetics ; Female ; Fertilization ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; Heart Defects, Congenital/*genetics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Meiosis ; Polyploidy ; Pregnancy ; *Twins
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  • 21
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    Cattle breeding (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):610.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7194507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cattle ; *Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy
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  • 22
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    Familial studies of intelligence: a review (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: A summary of 111 studies identified in a survey of the world literature on familial resemblances in measured intelligence reveals a profile of average correlations consistent with a polygenic mode of inheritance. There is, however, a marked degree of heterogeneity of the correlations within familial groupings, which is not moderated by sex of familial pairing or by type of intelligence test used.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouchard, T J Jr -- McGue, M -- 5 T32 MH14647/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1055-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7195071" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Family ; Female ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; Twins
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  • 23
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    Rheumatoid factor-like immunoglobulin M protects previously uninfected rat pups and dams from Trypanosoma lewisi (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: The serum of lactating rats that have never been infected with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma lewisi contains a rheumatoid factor-like immunoglobulin M (IgM). This IgM amplifies a specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) response to the parasite and accounts for the unusual resistance of previously uninfected lactating rats and their suckling pups to infection with T. lewisi. A similar rheumatoid factor-like IgM, which is induced late in the usual course of infection with T. lewisi in nonlactating rats, amplifies an earlier IgM response and terminates the infection. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a rheumatoid factor, which is classified as an autoimmune antibody, acting in a protective manner.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarkson, A B Jr -- Mellow, G H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):186-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7025211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/immunology ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Female ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M/*immunology ; *Lactation ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rheumatoid Factor/*immunology ; Trypanosoma lewisi/immunology ; Trypanosomiasis/*immunology
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  • 24
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    Effects of prenatal sex hormones on gender-related behavior (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Gender identity depends largely on postnatal environmental influences, while sex-dimorphic behavior and temperamental sex differences appear to be modified by prenatal sex hormones. A role of the prenatal endocrine milieu in the development of erotic partner preference, as in hetero-, homo-, or bisexual orientation, or of cognitive sex differences has not been conclusively demonstrated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrhardt, A A -- Meyer-Bahlburg, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1312-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/metabolism/psychology ; Adult ; Androgens/pharmacology ; Behavior/drug effects ; Child ; Cognition/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Female ; *Gender Identity ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*pharmacology ; Humans ; *Identification (Psychology) ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Progestins/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Sexual Behavior/*drug effects
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  • 25
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    Phenytoin-induced teratogenesis: a mouse model (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: Malformations associated with the fetal hydantoin syndrome have been reproduced in a mouse model. The occurrence of these defects was correlated with maternal serum concentrations, but not with maternal or fetal genotype or the presence of a seizure disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finnell, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):483-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/physiology ; Phenytoin/*adverse effects ; *Teratogens
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  • 26
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    Fertilizability of ova ovulated and recovered from rabbit ovaries perfused in vitro (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Ovaries removed from New Zealand White rabbits were perfused and exposed to gonadotropin in vitro. The ova ovulated in vitro (N = 56) were recovered and cultured and then transferred to the oviducts of six previously mated Dutch Belted hosts. Twelve of the resulting 36 offspring (33.3 percent) were white. In control matings between 12 Dutch Belted females (six randomly selected and the six hosts) and New Zealand White males, only one of 80 (1.2 percent) offspring was white. These data indicate that ova ovulated in vitro can be transferred to the oviduct of a host rabbit where they may be fertilized and after implantation may develop into viable embryos.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobayashi, Y -- Santulli, R -- Wright, K H -- Wallach, E E -- HD-05948/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1127-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*pharmacology ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; *Fertilization in Vitro ; Ovary/drug effects/*physiology ; *Ovulation/drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits
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  • 27
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    Brain tumors in children and occupational exposure of parents (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Ninety-two cases of brain tumor in children less than 10 years old were compared with 92 matched controls for parental occupational history. Cases were more likely than controls to show material occupations involving chemical exposure, paternal occupations involving solvents, and employment of father in the aircraft industry. These three factors were not affected by adjustment for the potential confounding variables examined in this study.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, F M -- Preston-Martin, S -- Yu, M C -- P01CA17054/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA20571/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):235-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/*adverse effects ; Brain Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Respiration ; Risk ; Skin Absorption ; Solvents
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  • 28
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    Functional restoration of vision in the cat after long-term monocular deprivation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Recovery of visual acuity was studied in six long-term monocularly deprived cats after removal of the nondeprived eye or reverse lid suture. Although both manipulations improved visual acuity, removal of the nondeprived eye was associated with more rapid recovery and higher find acuity than in reverse suture. These results are in agreement with the known electrophysiological effects of these recovery conditions and are also similar to the effects of reverse occlusion or loss of the nonamblyopic eye in human amblyopes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, D C -- EYO 7005/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amblyopia/physiopathology ; Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Form Perception/physiology ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 29
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    Differentiation of respiratory and abortigenic isolates of equine herpesvirus 1 by restriction endonucleases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-10-30
    Description: Viruses classified by immunologic criteria as equine herpesvirus 1 cause respiratory disease and abortion in horses. Restriction endonuclease analyses of the DNA's of viruses from animals with respiratory disease and from aborted fetuses show that the patterns for respiratory viruses, while similar to each other, are entirely different from the patterns for fetal viruses. It is therefore proposed that the DNA restriction endonuclease patterns of fetal and respiratory viruses analyzed in this study be designated as prototypic of equine herpesvirus 1 and 4, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Studdert, M J -- Simpson, T -- Roizman, B -- CA 08494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 09241/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 19264/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 30;214(4520):562-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6270790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Veterinary/*microbiology ; Animals ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Female ; Fetus/microbiology ; Herpesviridae/*genetics ; Herpesvirus 1, Equid/*genetics ; Horse Diseases/*microbiology ; Horses ; Pregnancy
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  • 30
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    Amniocentesis: be prepared (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1253.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; *Amniocentesis ; Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis ; Federal Government ; Female ; Humans ; Legislation, Medical ; Pregnancy ; United States
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  • 31
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    Falciparum malaria-infected erythrocytes specifically bind to cultured human endothelial cells (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Erythrocytes infected with the late stages of the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum became attached to a subpopulation of cultured human endothelial cells by knoblike protrusions on the surface of the infected erythrocytes. Infected erythrocytes did not bind to cultured fibroblasts; uninfected erythrocytes did not bind to either endothelial cells or fibroblasts. The results suggest a specific receptor-ligand interaction between endothelial cells and a component, components, in the knobs of the infected erythrocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Udeinya, I J -- Schmidt, J A -- Aikawa, M -- Miller, L H -- Green, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):555-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aotus trivirgatus ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium/microbiology ; Erythrocytes/*microbiology/ultrastructure ; Female ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Plasmodium falciparum/*pathogenicity ; Pregnancy ; Umbilical Veins
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  • 32
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    Carcinogen testing: current problems and new approaches (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: The classic procedures for testing potential carcinogens in animals have basically not changed in the past 50 years. Considerable knowledge of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis has accrued in the last 20 years, particularly concepts on the metabolic activation of chemicals to reactive electrophilic compounds that can interact with nucleophilic including DNA. These developments, in turn, have yielded a framework for integrating into carcinogen testing the determination of genetic effects of chemicals. A systematic decision point approach to carcinogen testing has been developed which entails a sequential decision-making process as specific tests are performed and evaluated prior to initiation of higher order, more complex tests. Compared to conventional bioassays in rodents, this approach provides knowledge based on mechanisms of carcinogenesis, yields a substantial amount of data at minimal cost, and forms a solid base for eventual heath risk assessment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisburger, J H -- Williams, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):401-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; *Carcinogens ; Disease Models, Animal ; *Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology ; Research Design
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  • 33
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    Prenatal exposure to ethanol alters the organization of hippocampal mossy fibers in rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: Rats exposed to ethanol throughout their gestation were found to have abnormally distributed mossy fibers in temporal regions of the hippocampus. This demonstrates that prenatal exposure to ethanol causes alterations in neuronal circuitry that persist to maturity. Such defects may play a role in the mental retardation often observed in children with fetal alcohol syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉West, J R -- Hodges, C A -- Black, A C Jr -- AA-03884/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):957-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Animals ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Hippocampus/abnormalities/drug effects/*embryology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats
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  • 34
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    Resource partitioning during reproduction in the Norway rat (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Rat pups nursed by pregnant dams grow as fast as pups reared by dams that are not pregnant. Moreover, litters that were in utero during a lactation are as numerous at birth and grow as fast as pups developing in a nonlactating, pregnant mother. These litters continue to grow as fast as pups born to nonlactating dams whether or not the first litter remains after the birth of the second litter. When pregnant and lactating dams have a restricted food supply, some dams are capable of extending the duration of their pregnancies by over 2 weeks past that of nonlactating, pregnant dams. This facultative prolongation of pregnancy apparently allows females to carry normal litters to term.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woodside, B -- Wilson, R -- Chee, P -- Leon, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):76-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444451" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Energy Intake ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; *Lactation ; Litter Size ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Rats/*physiology
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    Mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate are highly responsive to epidermal growth factor (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: An established line of mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate is highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on growth, labeled thymidine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The results suggest that epidermal growth factor may play a key role in development of various human embryonic and fetal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoneda, T -- Pratt, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Palate/drug effects/*physiology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy
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    Abortion and the limitations of science (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zack, B G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):291.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abortion, Spontaneous ; *Beginning of Human Life ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; *Life ; *Personhood ; Pregnancy ; United States
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    Drug discrimination learning in lead-exposed rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Lead acetate (0.02 or 0.5 percent) was administered to dams throughout the lactation period with half of the litters continuing on lead after weaning. Drug thresholds for d-amphetamine were determined by using the drug-discrimination learning paradigm. All the offspring that had been exposed to lead were less sensitive to the stimulus properties of d-amphetamine irrespective of whether or not they had continued on lead after weaning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zenick, H -- Goldsmith, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):569-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetus/drug effects ; Lead Poisoning/*physiopathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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    Health survey in high background radiation areas in China: High Background Radiation Research Group, China (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):877-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Spontaneous/etiology ; China ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*etiology ; Growth/radiation effects ; Humans ; *Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/etiology ; Pregnancy ; *Radiation, Ionizing
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    Suckling (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Suckling is the only behavior that is common among mammals. In newborn albino rats it is originally elicited by amniotic fluid deposited by the mother during parturition. Subsequent suckling is stimulated by saliva deposited on the nipples by the infant rats. Internal controls over the volume of milk suckled do not appear until infant rats are about 2 weeks of age at which time gastric distension, milk, systemic dehydration, and intestinal hormone cholecystokinin suppress milk intake derived through suckling. The development of controls over suckling appetite appears to parallel that of consummatory control. Until about 2 weeks of age infant rats choose to suckle a nonlactating nipple with the same frequency as a lactating nipple. Thereafter, the lactating nipple is unanimously chosen. These studies suggest differences and commonalities in the suckling behavior of laboratory rats and other mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blass, E M -- Teicher, M H -- AM-18560/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):15-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6997992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Population Groups/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling/*physiology ; Cholecystokinin/physiology ; Dehydration ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Female ; Food Deprivation ; Humans ; Instinct ; Lactation ; Lithium/pharmacology ; Maternal Behavior ; Pheromones ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Saliva ; Sucking Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Does malnutrition affect fecundity? A summary of evidence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Moderate chronic malnutrition has only a minor effect on fecundity (reproductive capacity), and the resulting effect on fertility (actural reproduction) is very small. Among the fecundity components examined here in noncontracepting populations, age at menarche and the duration of lactational amenorrhea appear to be the ones most affected by malnutrition. But from neither of those effects can a difference in fertility of more than a few percent be expected between poorly and well-nourished women in developing countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bongaarts, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):564-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Behavior ; Birth Intervals ; Contraception ; Female ; *Fertility ; Fetal Death/epidemiology ; Humans ; Lactation ; Male ; Marriage ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Ovulation ; Pregnancy ; Spermatogenesis
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    Sparing of the brain in neonatal undernutrition: amino acid transport and incorporation into brain and muscle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: Rates of tyrosine and lysine transport and incorporation into protein were measured in control and undernourished weanling rats. Undernutrition was induced by feeding lactating dams a low protein diet (12 percent casein) from birth to day 21. At weaning, body and brain weights of undernourished rats were 50 percent and 88 percent, respectively, of control values. Lysine and tyrosine transport rates into skeletal muscle were reduced by over 75 percent, more than twice the reduction seen in brain. Rates of amino acid incorporation into muscle protein were reduced by approximately 50 percent; the change in rate of incorporation into brain protein was not statistically significant. These data indicate that, in spite of marked retardation of amino acid transport into brain, the brain seems fully capable of maintaining normal rates of protein synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freedman, L S -- Samuels, S -- Fish, I -- Schwartz, S A -- Lange, B -- Katz, M -- Morgano, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):902-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/*metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Body Weight ; Brain/growth & development/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lactation ; Male ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition/*metabolism ; Rats
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    Diphenylhydantoin: pre- and postnatal administration alters diazepam binding in developing rat cerebral cortex (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Close correlations between the development of the anticonvulsant effects of diphenylhydantoin and increases in tritiated diazepam binding were observed in rats from fetal day 16 to maturation. In contrast, significant decreases in tritiated diazepam binding were observed in 2- and 3-week-old rats that were exposed in utero to diphenylhydantoin. These changes can be correlated with reported increases in seizure susceptibility after prenatal exposure to diphenylhydantoin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallager, D W -- Mallorga, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Diazepam/*metabolism ; Female ; Fetus/metabolism ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Phenytoin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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    Endorphin-mediated increases in pain threshold during pregnancy (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Maternal pain thresholds in rats were determined during various stages of pregnancy and parturition by measuring the intensity of electric shock that elicited reflexive jumping. There was a gradual rise in the pain threshold between 16 and 4 days prior to parturition and a more abrupt rise 1 to 2 days before that event. This increase was abolished by long-term administration of the narcotic antagonist naltrexone. The endorphin system is thus an important component of intrinsic mechanisms that modulate responsiveness to aversive stimuli. The data also demonstrate the activation during pregnancy of an endorphin system that is apparently quiescent in nonpregnant female rats treated the same way.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gintzler, A R -- NIMH GRANT DA01771/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Female ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Rats ; Time Factors
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    Phenobarbital exposure in utero: alterations in female reproductive function in rats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Phenobarbital administration to pregnant rats from day 12 to day 19 of gestation suppressed body weight gain and produced significant effects on reproductive function in their offspring. These effects included delays in the onset of puberty, disorders in the estrous cycle, and infertility. Moreover, the animals exposed to phenobarbital in utero showed altered concentrations of sex steroids, gonadotrophic hormones, and estrogen receptors. These findings suggest that phenobarbital treatment during prenatal development can produce permanent alterations in sexual maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, C -- Sonawane, B R -- Yaffe, S J -- Shapiro, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):508-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estrus/drug effects ; Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Phenobarbital/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/drug effects
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    Vertical transmission of acquired ulcer susceptibility in the rat (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Premature separation of rat pups from their dams greatly increases their susceptibility to restraint-induced gastric erosions. When prematurely separated female rats grow to adulthood and mate with stock males, their normally reared F 1 progeny also have increased susceptibility to restraint-induced erosions. Cross-fostering studies show that prenatal rather than postnatal factors transmit this susceptibility to the F 1 progeny.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Skolnick, N J -- Ackerman, S H -- Hofer, M A -- Weiner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Behavior ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Stomach Ulcer/embryology/etiology/*genetics ; Stress, Psychological/*complications
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    Teratogenic effects of alcohol in humans and laboratory animals (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: The teratogenicity of alcohol has been demonstrated in humans through clinical studies, behavioral studies, and epidemiologic studies, and in animals through controlled laboratory experiments. In humans exposed to alcohol during gestation the effects can range from fetal alcohol syndrome in some offspring of chronic alcoholic women to reduced average birth weight in offspring of women reporting an average consumption of two to three drinks or more per day. The behavioral effects of such exposure may range from mental retardation in children with fetal alcohol syndrome to milder developmental and behavioral effects in infants born to social drinkers. In animals, exposure to alcohol in utero may result in death, malformation, and growth deficiency as well as behavioral and developmental abnormalities. The mechanisms of impairment and related risk factors are yet to be elucidated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Streissguth, A P -- Landesman-Dwyer, S -- Martin, J C -- Smith, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):353-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; Alcohol Drinking ; Brain/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; *Ethanol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/chemically induced ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Sucking Behavior/drug effects ; *Teratogens
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    Anticonvulsants specific for petit mal antagonize epileptogenic effect of leucine enkephalin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: The anticonvulsants ethosuximide, sodium valproate, and trimethadione that are specific for petit mal epilepsy abolished in rats the electrical seizure activity and behavioral abnormalities produced by leucine enkephalin, whereas phenobarbital and phenytoin had no effect. The dose-response curve for naloxone against seizure activity induced by leucine enkephalin was the same as that in gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced petit mal. These data indicate that the epileptic properties of leucine enkephalin are petit mal-like and raise the possibility of involvement of enkephalinergic systems in. The dose-response curve for naloxone against seizure activity induced by leucine enkephalin was the same as that in gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced petit mal. These data indicate that the epileptic properties of leucine enkephalin are petit mal-like and raise the possibility of involvement of enkephalinergic systems in petit mal epilepsy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snead, O C 3rd -- Bearden, L J -- 1K07 NS 00 484-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anticonvulsants/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endorphins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Enkephalins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Epilepsy, Absence/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Ethosuximide/pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Seizures/*prevention & control ; Trimethadione/pharmacology ; Valproic Acid/pharmacology
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    Suckling infant rats learn a preference for a novel olfactory stimulus paired with milk delivery (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: When presented a novel olfactory stimulus while suckling a passive dam, 11- to 14-day-old rat pups acquire a conditioned preference for that stimulus. The magnitude of the conditioned preference is greater if the pups received milk while suckling than if they did not. The results indicate that infants are capable of learning while suckling and that milk delivery plays a role in this associative process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brake, S C -- MH 32429/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):506-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Population Groups/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling/*physiology ; Association Learning/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Female ; *Lactation ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Smell
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    Exposure of rats to alcohol in utero alters drug sensitivity in adulthood (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: Pregnant rats were intubated with alcohol (ethanol, 3 grams per kilogram) twice daily throughout gestation. Control animals received solutions of isocaloric sucrose. At birth, offspring were placed with untreated surrogate dams. Beginning at 6 months of age, the offspring were tested for their thermogenic responsiveness to various drugs and to cold. Prenatal exposure to alcohol resulted in tolerance to alcohol and cross-tolerance to pentobarbital and diazepam but did not affect responsiveness to cold. This pattern of effects suggest that prenatal exposure to alcohol produces specific long-term effects on the neural mechanisms underlying drug tolerance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abel, E L -- Bush, R -- Dintcheff, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1531-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chlorpromazine/pharmacology ; Dextroamphetamine/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; Drug Tolerance ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetus/*drug effects ; Morphine/pharmacology ; Pentobarbital/pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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    Chloramphenicol administration during brain development: impairment of avoidance learning in adulthood (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Rats treated with chloramphenicol from days 7 to 21 of intrauterine life (50 milligrams per kilogram per day, injected subcutaneously into the mothers) or in the first 3 days of extrauterine life (50 to 100 milligrams per kilogram per day) were trained for avoidance conditioning when 60 days old. The acquisition of the avoidance response was impaired to a highly significant degree in all the treated groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bertolini, A -- Poggioli, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):238-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/embryology/*growth & development ; Chloramphenicol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sex Factors
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    Heparin facilitates the extraction of tissue fibronectin (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: Extraction of fibronectin from two human tissues, lung parenchyma and placental villi, was facilitated by the incorporation of heparin into extraction media. The effect of heparin was additive to the effect of urea which is known to extract fibronectin. These experiments provide further evidence that fibronectin and glycosaminoglycans are associated in connective tissues and the use of heparin forms the basis for a simple method for extraction and quantitation of tissue fibronectin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bray, B A -- Mandl, I -- Turino, G M -- HL 15832/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):793-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dermatan Sulfate ; Female ; Fibronectins/*isolation & purification ; *Heparin ; Heparitin Sulfate ; Humans ; Lung/analysis ; Placenta/analysis ; Pregnancy ; Urea
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    Reduction in oocyte number following prenatal exposure to a diet high in galactose (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: When pregnant rats were fed a 50 percent galactose diet there was a striking reduction in oocyte number in the offspring. The most prominent effects were noted after exposure to galactose during the premeiotic stages of oogenesis. Prenatal exposure to galactose or its metabolites may contribute to the premature ovarian failure characteristic of human galactosemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Y T -- Mattison, D R -- Feigenbaum, L -- Fukui, H -- Schulman, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1145-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dietary Carbohydrates/*physiology ; Female ; Fetus/drug effects/physiology ; Galactose/*pharmacology ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Oocytes/drug effects/*physiology ; Ovum/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Tyrosine increases blood pressure in hypotensive rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Administration of tyrosine, the amino acid precursor of catecholamines, increased blood pressure 38 to 49 percent in rats made acutely hypotensive by hemorrhage; other large neutral amino acids were ineffective. Tyrosine's effect was abolished by adrenalectomy, suggesting that, in hypotensive animals, it acts by accelerating the peripheral synthesis and release of catecholamines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conlay, L A -- Maher, T J -- Wurtman, R J -- AM-14228/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):559-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypotension/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Tyrosine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
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    Behavioral effects of lead and Toxocara canis in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Adult mice were administered the common parasite Toxocara canis or lead or both. The parasite clearly altered mouse performance on tests of exploration, activity, learning, and motor coordination; behavioral effects in mice receiving lead alone were less general. Consequence of Toxocara administration appeared attenuated in animals receiving both agents. Parasite larvae were found in the central nervous system in all infected mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dolinsky, Z S -- Burright, R G -- Donovick, P J -- Glickman, L T -- Babish, J -- Summers, B -- Cypess, R H -- 08-K4AI00301A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 08R1AI1478A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5S07RR0749-04/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascariasis/*complications ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/parasitology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lead Poisoning/*complications/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Toxocariasis/*complications/physiopathology
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    Male vole urine changes luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and norepinephrine in female olfactory bulb (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) exposed to a single drop of male urine on the upper lip showed changes in concentrations of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and norepinephrine in olfactory bulb tissue; no such changes occurred in dopamine concentration. The changes were measured in the posterior but not the anterior olfactory bulb tissue of females within 1 hour after they were exposed to urine. These females also showed rapid increases in serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone. Females exposed to water on the upper lip showed none of these changes. These results suggest that in this species LHRH and norepinephrine in the olfactory bulb may mediate luteinizing hormone release in response to external (pheromonal) chemical cues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dluzen, D E -- Ramirez, V D -- Carter, C S -- Getz, L L -- HDO9328/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):573-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/*physiology ; Estrus ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/*metabolism ; Pheromones/*urine ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Rodentia/*physiology ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
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    Opiate antagonist improves neurologic recovery after spinal injury (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: The opiate antagonist naloxone has been used to treat cats subjected to cervical spinal trauma. In contrast to saline-treated controls, naloxone treatment significantly improved the hypotension observed after cervical spinal injury. More critically, naloxone therapy significantly improved neurologic recovery. These findings implicate endorphins in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury and indicate that narcotic antagonists may have a therapeutic role in this condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faden, A I -- Jacobs, T P -- Holaday, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Naloxone/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Spinal Cord/blood supply ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*drug therapy/physiopathology
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    Phototherapy-induced hypocalcemia in newborn rats: prevention by melatonin (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: When young rats are exposed to white fluorescent light the concentration of calcium in their serum decreases. This effect is prevented by shielding the occiput, by inhibiting corticosterone synthesis, and by exogenous melatonin. Furthermore, the expected hypocalcemic response to cortisol injection is prevented by melatonin. Light-induced hypocalcemia may result from increased calcium uptake by bone when the blocking effect of melatonin decreases after pineal inhibition by transcranial illumination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hakanson, D O -- Bergstrom, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):807-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6895262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*radiation effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypocalcemia/etiology/*prevention & control ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/therapy ; Light ; Male ; Melatonin/*pharmacology ; Phototherapy/adverse effects ; Rats ; Spectrum Analysis ; Time Factors
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    Multiple paternity in Belding's ground squirrel litters (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Sexually receptive female Spermophilus beldingi (Rodentia: Sciuridae) usually mate with several different males. The paternity of 27 litters born in 1977 and 1978 was ascertained by combining field observations of mating with laboratory paternity exclusion analyses. Most of the litters (78 percent) were multiply sired, usually by two or three males. This may be the highest frequency of multiple paternity ever directly demonstrated in a natural population.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanken, J -- Sherman, P W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sciuridae/*physiology ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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    Estradiol and progesterone profiles indicate a lack of endocrine recognition of pregnancy in the opossum (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: Concentrations of estradiol and progesterone in blood collected during the 12.5-day gestation period of the Virginia opossum were not significantly different from those during equivalent days of the estrous cycle. Progesterone was correlated with an index of corpora luteral mass. Ratio of estradiol to progesterone were highest 3 to 4 days before estrus and on the day of parturition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harder, J D -- Fleming, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1400-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Corpus Luteum/physiology ; Estradiol/*blood ; Estrus ; Female ; Opossums/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Progesterone/*blood ; Species Specificity
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    Opiate withdrawal in utero increases neonatal morbidity in the rat (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: Long-term oral administration of the long-acting opiate 1-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) to female rats beginning on the day of conception interfered with the dams' ability to carry litters to term. When treatment was initiated 3 weeks prior to mating this effect was not observed. Daily administration of the opiate antagonist naloxone from day 14 of gestation through term, to precipitate withdrawal in utero, resulted in increased stillbirths, decreased pup weight and size, and weight loss 24 hours after birth. These data question the validity of animal experiments which purport to be models for methadone maintenance programs but in which treatment is started immediately prior to or soon after conception. They also suggest that withdrawal in utero may be responsible for many of the adverse effects of opiates on human and animal development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lichtblau, L -- Sparber, S B -- DA 01880/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):943-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7195068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drug Tolerance ; Embryo Implantation/drug effects ; Female ; Fetal Death/*etiology ; Humans ; Litter Size/drug effects ; Methadone/*analogs & derivatives ; Methadyl Acetate/*adverse effects/antagonists & inhibitors ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Opioid-Related Disorders/*complications ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*complications
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    Assessment of pharmacological treatment of myocardial infarction by phosphorus-31 NMR with surface coils (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-09
    Description: Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements with small surface coils have been used to observe phosphorus metabolism of perfused hearts within localized regions. The method allows for direct, noninvasive, sequential assessment of the altered regional metabolism resulting from myocardial infarction and its response to drug treatment, which cannot be observed by conventional techniques.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nunnally, R L -- Bottomley, P A -- GM 17172/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 17655-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 22080/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 9;211(4478):177-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chlorpromazine/therapeutic use ; Coronary Circulation/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/*methods ; Myocardial Infarction/*diagnosis/drug therapy/metabolism ; Phosphorus/*metabolism ; Phosphorus Isotopes ; Rabbits ; Verapamil/therapeutic use
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    Hyperkeratosis induced by sunlight degradation products of the major polybrominated biphenyl in Firemaster (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Sunlight photodegradation of 2,2', 4,4', 5,5' -hexabromobiphenyl, the major component of Firemaster, gave a mixture that produces severe hyperkeratosis of the rabbit ear. This component in its pure state does not cause hyperkeratosis. One or more of the four major photolysis products must be responsible for this activity. A similar photodegradation pattern was observed for 2,2', 3,4,4', 5,5' -heptabromobiphenyl, the second largest component of Firemaster.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Patterson, D G -- Hill, R H -- Needham, L L -- Orti, D L -- Kimbrough, R D -- Liddle, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):901-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6266016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biphenyl Compounds/radiation effects ; Chemical Industry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Environmental Exposure ; Keratosis/*chemically induced ; Michigan ; Photochemistry ; *Polybrominated Biphenyls/radiation effects ; Rabbits ; Sunlight
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    Development of visual centers in the primate brain depends on binocular competition before birth (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rakic, P -- EY 02593/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):928-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Brain/embryology/*growth & development ; Female ; Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/embryology/growth & development ; Macaca mulatta ; Microscopy, Electron ; Pregnancy ; Retina/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Visual Cortex/embryology/growth & development ; *Visual Perception
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    Giant synaptic potential hypothesis for epileptiform activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: According to one hypothesis, the paroxysmal depolarizing shift observed in the penicillin model of epilepsy results from a giant excitatory postsynaptic potential. This hypothesis has recently been questioned, primarily because it has never been subjected to rigorous experimental examination. Four quantitative predictions were derived from this hypothesis and tested in CA3 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. The four critical predictions concern the behavior of the paroxysmal depolarizing shift under current- and voltage-clamp conditions as a function of membrane potential. The experiments confirmed all four predictions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnston, D -- Brown, T H -- NS11535/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15772/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR-05471-17/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):294-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Conductivity ; Epilepsy/*physiopathology ; Guinea Pigs ; Hippocampus/*physiopathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Potentials ; Penicillin G ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology
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    Rapid correction of hyponatremia causes demyelination: relation to central pontine myelinolysis (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: The human demyelinative disorder central pontine myelinolysis may be an iatrogenic disease caused by a rapid rise in serum sodium, usually when hyponatremia is corrected. Rats treated with hypertonic saline after 3 days of vasopressin-induced hyponatremia had demyelinative lesions in the corpus striatum, lateral hemispheric white matter, cerebral cortex, hippocampal fimbria, anterior commissure, thalamus, brainstem tegmentum, and cerebellum. Thus, rapid correction of hyponatremia can lead to demyelinative lesions and may be the cause of central pontine myelinolysis in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, B K -- Norenberg, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1068-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain Diseases/*etiology ; Demyelinating Diseases/*etiology/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hyponatremia/*complications ; Male ; Pons/*pathology ; Rats
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    Senate commences hearings on "human life" (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):648-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abortion, Legal ; *Beginning of Human Life ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; *Embryo, Nonmammalian ; Federal Government ; Female ; Legislation as Topic ; *Life ; *Personhood ; Pregnancy ; United States ; Value of Life
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    Congress to reexamine antiabortion amendment (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):421.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abortion, Legal ; *Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Humans ; Legislation, Medical ; Pregnancy ; United States
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    Structural correlates of seizure behavior in the mongolian gerbil (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Hippocampi of seizure-sensitive and seizure-resistant Mongolian gerbils were examined in search of structural correlates of seizure behavior. In animals with well-established seizure histories, differences were found in both presynaptic and postsynaptic structures. Seizing animals had less dense dendritic spines, a greater proportion of mossy tuft area devoted to presynaptic vesicles, and a smaller proportion devoted to spines. The possible relationship of these findings to epilepsy is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paul, L A -- Fried, I -- Watanabe, K -- Forsythe, A B -- Scheibel, A B -- 5-507-RR05756-06/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):924-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gerbillinae/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Hippocampus/*anatomy & histology/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Seizures/pathology/*physiopathology
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    Fetal female rats are masculinized by male littermates located caudally in the uterus (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Female rats are masculinized in utero by male littermates sharing the same uterine horn. Increased anogenital distances in neonatal females and mounting behavior in adult females are related to the presence of males on the caudal side of the females in the uterine horn. Contrary to current beliefs, interamniotic diffusion may not be responsible for the exchange of masculinizing agents among fetuses. Since uterine blood flow in the rat is from the direction of the cervix toward the ovary, masculinizing hormones secreted by fetal males may be carried via the uterine vasculature to female littermates located further downstream.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meisel, R L -- Ward, I L -- HD-04688/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- K2-MH00049/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):239-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244634" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/*physiology ; Animals ; Castration ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Male ; Posture ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/pharmacology ; Rats ; *Sex Characteristics/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Uterus/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 70
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    Spontaneous diabetes in rats: destruction of islets is prevented by immunological tolerance (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-18
    Description: Spontaneous diabetes occurring in "BB" rats (derived from a colony of outbred Wistar rats) is the result of destruction of pancreatic islets by infiltrating mononuclear cells (insulitis) and may be a disease very similar to human juvenile onset diabetes. Both diseases probably have an autoimmune etiology. Evidence is presented that islets transplanted to diabetic BB rats are destroyed by the original disease process. Inoculation of bone marrow from normal (nondiabetes-susceptible) rat donors into neonatal BB recipients usually prevented the development of hyperglycemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naji, A -- Silvers, W K -- Bellgrau, D -- Barker, C F -- AM19525/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26007/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA18640/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 18;213(4514):1390-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6791286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft Rejection ; Immune Tolerance ; Islets of Langerhans/*immunology ; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Rats
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  • 71
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    Public health issues: bendectin, love canal (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paigen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):6, 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dicyclomine ; Doxylamine/*adverse effects ; Drug Combinations/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; New York ; Pregnancy ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Pyridoxine/*adverse effects ; *Teratogens ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration ; Water Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*adverse effects
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  • 72
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    Tyrosine administration decreases vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation in the normal canine heart (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-13
    Description: Intravenous infusion of tyrosine (1, 2, or 4 milligrams per kilogram) for 20 to 30 minutes caused dose-dependent increases in the ventricular fibrillation threshold in normal dogs. Administration of valine, a neutral amino acid that competes with tyrosine for uptake at the blood-brain barrier, in a dose equimolar to the most effective dose of tyrosine, slightly decreased the ventricular fibrillation threshold when given alone and significantly blocked elevation of the ventricular fibrillation threshold after tyrosine infusion. Hence, tyrosine, presumably acting in the central nervous system, can protect against certain ventricular arrhythmias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scott, N A -- DeSilva, R A -- Lown, B -- Wurtman, R J -- 21384-08/PHS HHS/ -- AM-14228/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 13;211(4483):727-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Tyrosine/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism/*therapeutic use ; Valine/pharmacology ; Ventricular Fibrillation/*prevention & control
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  • 73
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    Studies support Bendectin safety claim (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1485.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7015515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antiemetics/*therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dicyclomine ; Doxylamine/*therapeutic use ; Drug Combinations/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/*drug therapy ; Pyridines/*therapeutic use ; Pyridoxine/*therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 74
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    Fetal alcohol syndrome: embryogenesis in a mouse model (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: When two small doses of ethanol were administered to pregnant mice during the gastrulation stage of embryogenesis, the embryos developed craniofacial malformations closely resembling those seen in the human fetal alcohol syndrome. Striking histological changes appeared in the developing brain (neuroectoderm) within 24 hours of exposure. Decreased development of the neural plate and its derivatives apparently accounts for the craniofacial malformations. The critical exposure period is equivalent to the third week in human pregnancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sulik, K K -- Johnston, M C -- Webb, M A -- DE 02668/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE 05906/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- RR 05333/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):936-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Child ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryo, Mammalian/*drug effects/ultrastructure ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Eye Abnormalities ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Pregnancy
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  • 75
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    Pregnancies in humans by fertilization in vitro and embryo transfer in the controlled ovulatory cycle (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: Normal pregnancies have been established in four women with tubal infertility by fertilization in vitro, embryo culture, and embryo transfer after stimulation of follicular growth with clomiphene citrate. In three of these women the time of oocyte maturation was controlled by human chorionic gonadotropin. This procedure for the control of ovulatory response has many advantages when compared with the previously successful method of using the natural ovulatory cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trounson, A O -- Leeton, J F -- Wood, C -- Webb, J -- Wood, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):681-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chorionic Gonadotropin/*pharmacology ; Clomiphene/*pharmacology ; *Embryo Transfer ; Female ; *Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/therapy ; Ovulation/*drug effects ; Pregnancy
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  • 76
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    Human life (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):494, 496.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Beginning of Human Life ; Ethics, Medical ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Fetus ; Humans ; *Life ; Male ; *Personhood ; Pregnancy ; Value of Life
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  • 77
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    "Human life" testimony (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):154-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Beginning of Human Life ; Ethics ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Humans ; *Life ; Male ; Ovum/physiology ; *Personhood ; Pregnancy ; Spermatozoa/physiology
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  • 78
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    The development of human fetal eye movement patterns (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: The eye can be visualized ultrasonically in more than 90 percent of fetuses 16 through 42 weeks of gestational age. Slow eye movements are present by 16 weeks. Rapid eye movements begin at 23 weeks and become more frequent between 24 and 35 weeks. Eye inactivity becomes more common after 36 weeks and is associated with sustained diaphragmatic excursions implying a "quiet sleep" state. Pathologic eye movements were seen in four fetuses with dysmorphic brain structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Birnholz, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):679-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256272" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/abnormalities/embryology ; Eye/*embryology ; *Eye Movements ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Sleep/physiology ; Ultrasonics
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  • 79
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    Integration and stable germ line transmission of genes injected into mouse pronuclei (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: Genetic material has been successfully transferred into the genomes of newborn mice by injection of that material into pronuclei of fertilized eggs. Initial results indicated two patterns of processing the injected DNA: one in which the material was not integrated into the host genome, and another in which the injected genes became associated with high molecular weight DNA. These patterns are maintained through further development to adulthood. The evidence presented indicates the covalent association of injected DNA with host sequences, and transmission of such linked sequences in a Mendelian distribution to two succeeding generations of progeny.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, J W -- Ruddle, F H -- GMO7959-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GMO9966/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1244-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/*metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; *Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Herpesviridae/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovum/*physiology ; *Plasmids ; Pregnancy ; Sex Ratio ; Simian virus 40/enzymology ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 80
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    Fetal alcohol advisory debated (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):642-3, 645.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7197392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Spontaneous/chemically induced ; *Ethanol ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/*chemically induced
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  • 81
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    Ureaplasma urealyticum incriminated in perinatal morbidity and mortality (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Perinatal morbidity and mortality are associated with colonization of the chorionic surface of the placenta by Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis or both. These organisms are more strongly associated with unfavourable gestational outcome than group B streptococci. Chlamydia trachomatis does not appear to be important in the etiology of reproductive casualties. The mechanisms linking the mycoplasmas to perinatal disorders and death are not clear but merit investigation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kundsin, R B -- Driscoll, S G -- Pelletier, P A -- HD 10984/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):474-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Critical Care ; Female ; *Fetal Death ; Humans ; *Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/*microbiology ; Mycoplasma/*pathogenicity ; Mycoplasma Infections/*complications ; Placenta/microbiology ; Pregnancy ; Ureaplasma/*pathogenicity
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  • 82
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    Thyrotropin-releasing hormone improves cardiovascular function in experimental endotoxic and hemorrhagic shock (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone significantly improved cardiovascular function when it was injected intravenously into conscious rats subjected to experimental endotoxic or hemorrhagic shock. Because thyrotropin-releasing hormone appears to be a "physiologic: opiate antagonist without effects on pain responsiveness, it may provide therapeutic benefits in the treatment of shock or acute hypotension.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holaday, J W -- D'Amato, R J -- Faden, A I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6787704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endotoxins ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/*physiopathology ; Shock, Septic/*physiopathology ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology
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  • 83
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    beta-Endorphin: possible involvement in the antihypertensive effect of central alpha-receptor activation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Clonidine and L-alpha-methylnoradrenaline (but not D-alpha-methylnoradrenaline) increase the release of a substance with beta-endorphin immunoreactivity from slices of brainstem of spontaneously hypertensive rats, but not that of normotensive rats. It was reported earlier that opiate antagonists inhibit the hypotensive action of clonidine and alpha-methyldopa in spontaneously hypertensive but not in normotensive rats and that beta-endorphin has hypotensive effects of its own. Together, these findings indicate that release of beta-endorphin by central alpha-receptor agonists may contribute to the antihypertensive action of these drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kunos, G -- Farsang, C -- Ramirez-Gonzales, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):82-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6108611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain Stem/*metabolism ; Clonidine/pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endorphins/*metabolism ; Hypertension/*physiopathology ; Immunoassay ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nordefrin/pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 84
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    Hyperthermia-induced seizures in the rat pup: a model for febrile convulsions in children (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: Seizures were produced in rat pups by ambient hyperthermia. Seizure threshold temperatures, measured rectally and intracerebrally, increased between 2 and 10 days of age. Electrocortical paroxysmal discharges were confirmed in hyperthermic 6- and 10-day-old pups. The increasing resistance to hyperthermic seizures with maturation and the electroencephalographic changes induced by hyperthermia are similar to those in young children.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holtzman, D -- Obana, K -- Olson, J -- NS 16256/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1034-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Brain/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroencephalography ; Fever/*complications ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Seizures, Febrile/*physiopathology
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  • 85
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    Estrogen receptors in the nidatory sites of the rat endometrium (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: In ovariectomized rats treated with progesterone, implantation was induced by a minute dose of 17 beta-estradiol. Twenty-four hours later, the concentrations of estradiol receptor in nuclear and cytosol fractions prepared from the endometrium surrounding the blastocyst and the inter-implantation areas remained very low. This indicates that estrogen was not secreted by the blastocyst. The higher receptor content in cytosol from inter-implantation sites may reflect modifications accompanying the decidual reaction since our results show that there is no translocation of the receptor to the nuclei. The choice of the dye used to reveal the implantation sites is critical, since Trypan blue but not Evans blue binds steroids and thereby interferes with receptor measurements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martel, D -- Psychoyos, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1454-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/secretion ; Castration ; Cell Nucleus/analysis ; Cytoplasm/analysis ; *Embryo Implantation ; Endometrium/*analysis ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Estrogens/secretion ; Evans Blue/metabolism ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*analysis ; Trypan Blue/metabolism
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  • 86
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    Germplasm conservation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1074, 1076.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6946561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Superovulation and embryo transfer in cattle (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-23
    Description: About 17,000 bovine pregnancies were produced by superovulation and embryo transfer in North America in 1979. The major use of these techniques is to increase the reproductive rate of valuable cows. Other applications include circumventing infertility, exporting embryos, and testing potential carriers for Mendelian recessive alleles. Cryopreservation of embryos is beginning to be used commercially, and sexing embryos before transfer may soon become routine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidel, G E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):351-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7194504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Husbandry/*methods ; Animals ; Cattle/*physiology ; *Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Industry ; *Ovulation ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Reproduction ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Human life bill arouses more opposition (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1372-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233224" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abortion, Induced ; *Ethics, Medical ; Federal Government ; Female ; Humans ; Legislation, Medical ; Personhood ; Pregnancy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Rat model for carcinogenesis in ureterosigmoidostomy (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: A rat model is used to study the carcinogenesis that occurs when urine is surgically diverted into the fecal stream, as in ureterosigmoidostomy. Adenocarcinoma of the colon occurs adjacent to the urine inlet. It is completely prevented by proximal diversion of the feces, implying that fecal carcinogens are activated locally by the urine or the urothelium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crissey, M M -- Steele, G D -- Gittes, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1079-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355272" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*etiology ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; Carcinogens ; Colon, Sigmoid/metabolism/*surgery ; Disease Models, Animal ; Rats ; Sigmoid Neoplasms/*etiology ; Ureter/*surgery ; Urinary Diversion/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 90
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    Impaired brain growth in neonatal rats exposed to ethanol (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-16
    Description: Infant rat pups, fed through intragastric cannulas from postnatal day 4 through day 18, showed a 19 percent reduction in total brain weight when ethanol was included in their diet on days 4 through 7. This reduction in brain weight occurred even though body growth in the experimental rats was equal to that of their littermate controls. The ethanol-exposed animals were markedly hypoactive during the period of drug administration, then displayed gross body tremors for 3 to 5 days. Throughout the study, the animals treated with ethanol had poor motor coordination and were hyperresponsive. These brain and behavioral effects appear similar to those seen in fetal alcohol syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diaz, J -- Samson, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 16;208(4445):751-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/anatomy & histology/drug effects/*growth & development ; Cerebellum/growth & development ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*embryology ; Organ Size ; Pregnancy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Human cutaneous lieshmania in a mouse macrophage line: propagation and isolation of intracellular parasites (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: A mouse macrophage line, J774G8, supports continuous and prolific intracellular growth of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, the etiological agent of a South American cutaneous leishmaniasis. The intracellular parasites from these infected cultures can be isolated with high recovery rate and purity by simple Percoll gradient centrifugation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, K P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1240-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Leishmania/growth & development ; Leishmaniasis/*parasitology/pathology ; Macrophages/*parasitology ; Mice
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  • 92
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    Clinical radioimmunodetection of cancer with radioactive antibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Injection of iodine-131-labeled goat immunoglobulin G antibody to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) into patients with hCG-secreting trophoblastic and germinal tumors permitted tumor detection and location by external gamma-ray scintigraphy. Excision of one of the metastatic tumors located by this method indicated a tumor/nontumor ration of 39.29. The method appears to offer a new clinical tool for precisely locating hCG-producing tumors in the body, even when tumor identification by other clinical methods has failed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldenberg, D M -- Kim, E E -- DeLand, F H -- van Nagell, J R Jr -- Javadpour, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1284-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies/*administration & dosage ; Choriocarcinoma/*radionuclide imaging ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole/*radionuclide imaging ; Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Radionuclide Imaging/methods ; Teratoma/*radionuclide imaging ; Uterine Neoplasms/*radionuclide imaging
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  • 93
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    Placental beta-endorphin-like peptides (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Acid extract of human placental tissue contain, by both radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay, beta-endrophin-like material. Half of this material will not go through a 5000-dalton filter and on Sephadex G-200 has a molecular size between 25,00 and 50,000 daltons. Of the material going through a 5000-dalton ultrafilter, 80 percent is excluded on Sephadex G-25 and held back, very slightly, on Bio-Rad P6, indicating a molecular size of approximately 4500 to 4800 daltons. Thus, placenta appears to have macromolecular precursors from which a beta-endorphin-like material is released, with a size approximately 12 amino acids longer than half of the pituitary hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Houck, J C -- Kimball, C -- Chang, C -- Pedigo, N W -- Yamamura, H I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Endorphins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Radioligand Assay
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  • 94
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    Placental luteinizing hormone-releasing factor and its synthesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: The synthesis of a placental luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pLRF), which is immunologically, physiochemically, and biologically indistinguishable from synthetic LRF, was demonstrated. The incorporation of 3H-labeled leucine by human placental tissue in vitro into pLRF was determined by purification on carboxymethyl-cellulose and specific immunoprecipitation of the 3H-labeled pLRF. The specific activity of the pLRF released into the medium increased 100-fold from day 1 to day 2 of culture and attained a concentration of 2.84 microcuries per microgram. These data indicate that the pLRF that was released initially was endogenous, whereas that released subsequently reflected synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Khodr, G S -- Siler-Khodr, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):315-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6985750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Culture Techniques ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/biosynthesis/immunology/*metabolism ; *Hormones ; Humans ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy
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  • 95
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    Nursing frequency, gonadal function, and birth spacing among !Kung hunter-gatherers (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Mothers among !Kung hunter-gatherers nurse briefly and frequently, with brief intervals between nursing bouts (mean +/- standard error, 13.19 +/- 1.28 minutes). The low levels of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone in the serum of the mother are correlated with infant's age and with interbout interval, but not with total nursing time. Maternal gonadal function is apparently suppressed by a timing-dependent, prolactin-mediated effect of breast stimulation. Interbout interval may be a key variable in lactation infertility. If so, it solves the puzzle of !Kung birth spacing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Konner, M -- Worthman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):788-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; *Birth Intervals ; Botswana ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Humans ; *Lactation ; *Maternal Behavior ; Menstruation ; Namibia ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood
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  • 96
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    Cellular transplantation in the treatment of experimental hepatic failure (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: The survival of Lewis rats with D-galactosamine-induced fulminant hepatic failure was prolonged if they were given intraperitoneal injections of single-cell suspensions of liver or bone marrow cells from normal rats. Suspensions of liver cells were also effective in prolonging the survival of rats with ischemia-induced hepatic necrosis. The liver cells did not act by repopulating the recipient liver.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makowka, L -- Falk, R E -- Rotstein, L E -- Falk, J A -- Nossal, N -- Langer, B -- Blendis, L M -- Phillips, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):901-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anoxia/complications ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Galactosamine ; Hepatectomy ; Liver/cytology ; Liver Diseases/*therapy ; *Liver Transplantation ; Necrosis ; Rats ; Transplantation, Homologous
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  • 97
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    Clomid administration in rats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malinak, L R -- Kaufman, R H -- Spjut, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):1008.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Clomiphene/*pharmacology ; Female ; Metaplasia/chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Uterus/*drug effects/pathology
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  • 98
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    Puberty delay by a urinary cue from female house mice in feral populations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Urine produced by wild female house mice, living in high- and low-density populations and confined to areas within a highway cloverleaf, was tested for its ability to delay puberty in juvenile female mice. Only urine collected from females in the dense population at its maximum density delayed puberty in test females. Urine collected when the population was less dense, or from a population that remained sparse, failed to delay puberty. These results suggest that a urinary factor present at high densities may delay puberty and thus help to slow further population growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Massey, A -- Vandenbergh, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):821-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild/physiology ; Crowding ; Estrus ; Female ; Mice/*physiology/urine ; Pheromones/*urine ; *Population Density ; Pregnancy ; *Sexual Maturation
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  • 99
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    Associative learning in premature hydranencephalic and normal twins (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: A hydranencephalic infant lacking cerebral hemispheres and a normal twin were tested for associative learning. After repeated trials in which two stimuli were temporally paired, test trials were given in which the second stimulus was omitted. Cardiac orienting responses to stimulus omission indicated that learning had taken place in both infants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tuber, D S -- Berntson, G G -- Bachman, D S -- Allen, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anencephaly/*physiopathology ; Association/*physiology ; Behavior/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydranencephaly/*physiopathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature/*psychology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins, Dizygotic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 100
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    Sexual characteristics of adult female mice are correlated with their blood testosterone levels during prenatal development (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Mice produce litters containing many pups, and the female fetuses that develop between male fetuses have significantly higher concentrations of the male sex steroid testosterone in both their blood and amniotic fluid than do females that develop between other female fetuses. These two types of females differ during later life in many sexually related characteristics. Thus, individual variation in sexual characteristics of adult female mice may be traceable to differential exposure to testosterone during prenatal development because of intrauterine proximity to male fetuses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉vom Saal, F S -- Bronson, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):597-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amniotic Fluid/*metabolism ; Animals ; Estradiol/blood ; Estrus ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice/*embryology ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; *Sex Differentiation ; Sex Ratio ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/*blood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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