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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2002-04-20
    Description: Thromboxane (Tx) A2 is a vasoconstrictor and platelet agonist. Aspirin affords cardioprotection through inhibition of TxA2 formation by platelet cyclooxygenase (COX-1). Prostacyclin (PGI2) is a vasodilator that inhibits platelet function. Here we show that injury-induced vascular proliferation and platelet activation are enhanced in mice that are genetically deficient in the PGI2 receptor (IP) but are depressed in mice genetically deficient in the TxA2 receptor (TP) or treated with a TP antagonist. The augmented response to vascular injury was abolished in mice deficient in both receptors. Thus, PGI2 modulates platelet-vascular interactions in vivo and specifically limits the response to TxA2. This interplay may help explain the adverse cardiovascular effects associated with selective COX-2 inhibitors, which, unlike aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), inhibit PGI2 but not TxA2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cheng, Yan -- Austin, Sandra C -- Rocca, Bianca -- Koller, Beverly H -- Coffman, Thomas M -- Grosser, Tilo -- Lawson, John A -- FitzGerald, Garret A -- HL 54500/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 62250/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 19;296(5567):539-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Experimental Therapeutics, 153 Johnson Pavilion, 3620 Hamilton Walk, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11964481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/pharmacology ; Animals ; *Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology ; Carotid Artery, Common/cytology/drug effects/physiology ; Cell Division ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Epoprostenol/metabolism/*physiology ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors ; Lactones/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology/drug effects/physiology ; Naphthalenes ; *Platelet Activation/drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation/drug effects ; Propionates ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Receptors, Epoprostenol ; Receptors, Prostaglandin/physiology ; Receptors, Thromboxane/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/physiology ; Sulfones ; Tetrahydronaphthalenes/pharmacology ; Thromboxane A2/*physiology ; Tunica Intima/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2007-04-14
    Description: The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is an abundant primate species that diverged from the ancestors of Homo sapiens about 25 million years ago. Because they are genetically and physiologically similar to humans, rhesus monkeys are the most widely used nonhuman primate in basic and applied biomedical research. We determined the genome sequence of an Indian-origin Macaca mulatta female and compared the data with chimpanzees and humans to reveal the structure of ancestral primate genomes and to identify evidence for positive selection and lineage-specific expansions and contractions of gene families. A comparison of sequences from individual animals was used to investigate their underlying genetic diversity. The complete description of the macaque genome blueprint enhances the utility of this animal model for biomedical research and improves our understanding of the basic biology of the species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rhesus Macaque Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Rogers, Jeffrey -- Katze, Michael G -- Bumgarner, Roger -- Weinstock, George M -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Remington, Karin A -- Strausberg, Robert L -- Venter, J Craig -- Wilson, Richard K -- Batzer, Mark A -- Bustamante, Carlos D -- Eichler, Evan E -- Hahn, Matthew W -- Hardison, Ross C -- Makova, Kateryna D -- Miller, Webb -- Milosavljevic, Aleksandar -- Palermo, Robert E -- Siepel, Adam -- Sikela, James M -- Attaway, Tony -- Bell, Stephanie -- Bernard, Kelly E -- Buhay, Christian J -- Chandrabose, Mimi N -- Dao, Marvin -- Davis, Clay -- Delehaunty, Kimberly D -- Ding, Yan -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Dugan-Rocha, Shannon -- Fulton, Lucinda A -- Gabisi, Ramatu Ayiesha -- Garner, Toni T -- Godfrey, Jennifer -- Hawes, Alicia C -- Hernandez, Judith -- Hines, Sandra -- Holder, Michael -- Hume, Jennifer -- Jhangiani, Shalini N -- Joshi, Vandita -- Khan, Ziad Mohid -- Kirkness, Ewen F -- Cree, Andrew -- Fowler, R Gerald -- Lee, Sandra -- Lewis, Lora R -- Li, Zhangwan -- Liu, Yih-Shin -- Moore, Stephanie M -- Muzny, Donna -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Ngo, Dinh Ngoc -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey O -- Pai, Grace -- Parker, David -- Paul, Heidie A -- Pfannkoch, Cynthia -- Pohl, Craig S -- Rogers, Yu-Hui -- Ruiz, San Juana -- Sabo, Aniko -- Santibanez, Jireh -- Schneider, Brian W -- Smith, Scott M -- Sodergren, Erica -- Svatek, Amanda F -- Utterback, Teresa R -- Vattathil, Selina -- Warren, Wesley -- White, Courtney Sherell -- Chinwalla, Asif T -- Feng, Yucheng -- Halpern, Aaron L -- Hillier, Ladeana W -- Huang, Xiaoqiu -- Minx, Pat -- Nelson, Joanne O -- Pepin, Kymberlie H -- Qin, Xiang -- Sutton, Granger G -- Venter, Eli -- Walenz, Brian P -- Wallis, John W -- Worley, Kim C -- Yang, Shiaw-Pyng -- Jones, Steven M -- Marra, Marco A -- Rocchi, Mariano -- Schein, Jacqueline E -- Baertsch, Robert -- Clarke, Laura -- Csuros, Miklos -- Glasscock, Jarret -- Harris, R Alan -- Havlak, Paul -- Jackson, Andrew R -- Jiang, Huaiyang -- Liu, Yue -- Messina, David N -- Shen, Yufeng -- Song, Henry Xing-Zhi -- Wylie, Todd -- Zhang, Lan -- Birney, Ewan -- Han, Kyudong -- Konkel, Miriam K -- Lee, Jungnam -- Smit, Arian F A -- Ullmer, Brygg -- Wang, Hui -- Xing, Jinchuan -- Burhans, Richard -- Cheng, Ze -- Karro, John E -- Ma, Jian -- Raney, Brian -- She, Xinwei -- Cox, Michael J -- Demuth, Jeffery P -- Dumas, Laura J -- Han, Sang-Gook -- Hopkins, Janet -- Karimpour-Fard, Anis -- Kim, Young H -- Pollack, Jonathan R -- Vinar, Tomas -- Addo-Quaye, Charles -- Degenhardt, Jeremiah -- Denby, Alexandra -- Hubisz, Melissa J -- Indap, Amit -- Kosiol, Carolin -- Lahn, Bruce T -- Lawson, Heather A -- Marklein, Alison -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- Vallender, Eric J -- Clark, Andrew G -- Ferguson, Betsy -- Hernandez, Ryan D -- Hirani, Kashif -- Kehrer-Sawatzki, Hildegard -- Kolb, Jessica -- Patil, Shobha -- Pu, Ling-Ling -- Ren, Yanru -- Smith, David Glenn -- Wheeler, David A -- Schenck, Ian -- Ball, Edward V -- Chen, Rui -- Cooper, David N -- Giardine, Belinda -- Hsu, Fan -- Kent, W James -- Lesk, Arthur -- Nelson, David L -- O'brien, William E -- Prufer, Kay -- Stenson, Peter D -- Wallace, James C -- Ke, Hui -- Liu, Xiao-Ming -- Wang, Peng -- Xiang, Andy Peng -- Yang, Fan -- Barber, Galt P -- Haussler, David -- Karolchik, Donna -- Kern, Andy D -- Kuhn, Robert M -- Smith, Kayla E -- Zwieg, Ann S -- 062023/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- R01 HG002939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003068/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 13;316(5822):222-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. agibbs@bcm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomedical Research ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Duplication ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta/*genetics ; Male ; Multigene Family ; Mutation ; Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2004-11-20
    Description: Female gender affords relative protection from cardiovascular disease until the menopause. We report that estrogen acts on estrogen receptor subtype alpha to up-regulate the production of atheroprotective prostacyclin, PGI2, by activation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). This mechanism restrained both oxidant stress and platelet activation that contribute to atherogenesis in female mice. Deletion of the PGI2 receptor removed the atheroprotective effect of estrogen in ovariectomized female mice. This suggests that chronic treatment of patients with selective inhibitors of COX-2 could undermine protection from cardiovascular disease in premenopausal females.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Egan, Karine M -- Lawson, John A -- Fries, Susanne -- Koller, Beverley -- Rader, Daniel J -- Smyth, Emer M -- Fitzgerald, Garret A -- HL62250/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL70128/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 10;306(5703):1954-7. Epub 2004 Nov 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15550624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Arteriosclerosis/metabolism/pathology/*prevention & control ; Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects/pharmacology ; Epoprostenol/biosynthesis/metabolism/*physiology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Female ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Isoenzymes/*metabolism ; Lactones/adverse effects/pharmacology ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Ovariectomy ; Oxidative Stress ; Platelet Activation ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Epoprostenol/genetics/physiology ; Receptors, LDL/genetics/physiology ; Sex Characteristics ; Sulfones/adverse effects/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: 'Orang-utan' is derived from a Malay term meaning 'man of the forest' and aptly describes the southeast Asian great apes native to Sumatra and Borneo. The orang-utan species, Pongo abelii (Sumatran) and Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean), are the most phylogenetically distant great apes from humans, thereby providing an informative perspective on hominid evolution. Here we present a Sumatran orang-utan draft genome assembly and short read sequence data from five Sumatran and five Bornean orang-utan genomes. Our analyses reveal that, compared to other primates, the orang-utan genome has many unique features. Structural evolution of the orang-utan genome has proceeded much more slowly than other great apes, evidenced by fewer rearrangements, less segmental duplication, a lower rate of gene family turnover and surprisingly quiescent Alu repeats, which have played a major role in restructuring other primate genomes. We also describe a primate polymorphic neocentromere, found in both Pongo species, emphasizing the gradual evolution of orang-utan genome structure. Orang-utans have extremely low energy usage for a eutherian mammal, far lower than their hominid relatives. Adding their genome to the repertoire of sequenced primates illuminates new signals of positive selection in several pathways including glycolipid metabolism. From the population perspective, both Pongo species are deeply diverse; however, Sumatran individuals possess greater diversity than their Bornean counterparts, and more species-specific variation. Our estimate of Bornean/Sumatran speciation time, 400,000 years ago, is more recent than most previous studies and underscores the complexity of the orang-utan speciation process. Despite a smaller modern census population size, the Sumatran effective population size (N(e)) expanded exponentially relative to the ancestral N(e) after the split, while Bornean N(e) declined over the same period. Overall, the resources and analyses presented here offer new opportunities in evolutionary genomics, insights into hominid biology, and an extensive database of variation for conservation efforts.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3060778/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3060778/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Locke, Devin P -- Hillier, LaDeana W -- Warren, Wesley C -- Worley, Kim C -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Muzny, Donna M -- Yang, Shiaw-Pyng -- Wang, Zhengyuan -- Chinwalla, Asif T -- Minx, Pat -- Mitreva, Makedonka -- Cook, Lisa -- Delehaunty, Kim D -- Fronick, Catrina -- Schmidt, Heather -- Fulton, Lucinda A -- Fulton, Robert S -- Nelson, Joanne O -- Magrini, Vincent -- Pohl, Craig -- Graves, Tina A -- Markovic, Chris -- Cree, Andy -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Hume, Jennifer -- Kovar, Christie L -- Fowler, Gerald R -- Lunter, Gerton -- Meader, Stephen -- Heger, Andreas -- Ponting, Chris P -- Marques-Bonet, Tomas -- Alkan, Can -- Chen, Lin -- Cheng, Ze -- Kidd, Jeffrey M -- Eichler, Evan E -- White, Simon -- Searle, Stephen -- Vilella, Albert J -- Chen, Yuan -- Flicek, Paul -- Ma, Jian -- Raney, Brian -- Suh, Bernard -- Burhans, Richard -- Herrero, Javier -- Haussler, David -- Faria, Rui -- Fernando, Olga -- Darre, Fleur -- Farre, Domenec -- Gazave, Elodie -- Oliva, Meritxell -- Navarro, Arcadi -- Roberto, Roberta -- Capozzi, Oronzo -- Archidiacono, Nicoletta -- Della Valle, Giuliano -- Purgato, Stefania -- Rocchi, Mariano -- Konkel, Miriam K -- Walker, Jerilyn A -- Ullmer, Brygg -- Batzer, Mark A -- Smit, Arian F A -- Hubley, Robert -- Casola, Claudio -- Schrider, Daniel R -- Hahn, Matthew W -- Quesada, Victor -- Puente, Xose S -- Ordonez, Gonzalo R -- Lopez-Otin, Carlos -- Vinar, Tomas -- Brejova, Brona -- Ratan, Aakrosh -- Harris, Robert S -- Miller, Webb -- Kosiol, Carolin -- Lawson, Heather A -- Taliwal, Vikas -- Martins, Andre L -- Siepel, Adam -- Roychoudhury, Arindam -- Ma, Xin -- Degenhardt, Jeremiah -- Bustamante, Carlos D -- Gutenkunst, Ryan N -- Mailund, Thomas -- Dutheil, Julien Y -- Hobolth, Asger -- Schierup, Mikkel H -- Ryder, Oliver A -- Yoshinaga, Yuko -- de Jong, Pieter J -- Weinstock, George M -- Rogers, Jeffrey -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Wilson, Richard K -- G0501331/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- HG002238/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HG002385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- MC_U137761446/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P01 AG022064/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM059290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM59290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079-08/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jan 27;469(7331):529-33. doi: 10.1038/nature09687.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Genome Center at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63108, USA. dlocke@wustl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21270892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Centromere/genetics ; Cerebrosides/metabolism ; Chromosomes ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement/genetics ; Genetic Speciation ; *Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Genome/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Pongo abelii/*genetics ; Pongo pygmaeus/*genetics ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1995-11-10
    Description: A blood donor infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) and a cohort of six blood or blood product recipients infected from this donor remain free of HIV-1-related disease with stable and normal CD4 lymphocyte counts 10 to 14 years after infection. HIV-1 sequences from either virus isolates or patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells had similar deletions in the nef gene and in the region of overlap of nef and the U3 region of the long terminal repeat (LTR). Full-length sequencing of one isolate genome and amplification of selected HIV-1 genome regions from other cohort members revealed no other abnormalities of obvious functional significance. These data show that survival after HIV infection can be determined by the HIV genome and support the importance of nef or the U3 region of the LTR in determining the pathogenicity of HIV-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deacon, N J -- Tsykin, A -- Solomon, A -- Smith, K -- Ludford-Menting, M -- Hooker, D J -- McPhee, D A -- Greenway, A L -- Ellett, A -- Chatfield, C -- Lawson, V A -- Crowe, S -- Maerz, A -- Sonza, S -- Learmont, J -- Sullivan, J S -- Cunningham, A -- Dwyer, D -- Dowton, D -- Mills, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 10;270(5238):988-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉AIDS Molecular Biology Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield, Victoria, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; *Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; *Genes, nef ; Genome, Viral ; HIV Infections/immunology/transmission/*virology ; *HIV Long Terminal Repeat ; HIV-1/*genetics/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Sequence Deletion ; Virulence ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-09-15
    Description: The contribution of rare and low-frequency variants to human traits is largely unexplored. Here we describe insights from sequencing whole genomes (low read depth, 7x) or exomes (high read depth, 80x) of nearly 10,000 individuals from population-based and disease collections. In extensively phenotyped cohorts we characterize over 24 million novel sequence variants, generate a highly accurate imputation reference panel and identify novel alleles associated with levels of triglycerides (APOB), adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLR and RGAG1) from single-marker and rare variant aggregation tests. We describe population structure and functional annotation of rare and low-frequency variants, use the data to estimate the benefits of sequencing for association studies, and summarize lessons from disease-specific collections. Finally, we make available an extensive resource, including individual-level genetic and phenotypic data and web-based tools to facilitate the exploration of association results.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4773891/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4773891/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉UK10K Consortium -- Walter, Klaudia -- Min, Josine L -- Huang, Jie -- Crooks, Lucy -- Memari, Yasin -- McCarthy, Shane -- Perry, John R B -- Xu, ChangJiang -- Futema, Marta -- Lawson, Daniel -- Iotchkova, Valentina -- Schiffels, Stephan -- Hendricks, Audrey E -- Danecek, Petr -- Li, Rui -- Floyd, James -- Wain, Louise V -- Barroso, Ines -- Humphries, Steve E -- Hurles, Matthew E -- Zeggini, Eleftheria -- Barrett, Jeffrey C -- Plagnol, Vincent -- Richards, J Brent -- Greenwood, Celia M T -- Timpson, Nicholas J -- Durbin, Richard -- Soranzo, Nicole -- 091551/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095515/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095564/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098498/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 100140/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 104036/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- CZD/16/6/4/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom -- MC_UU_12013/3/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- RG/10/13/28570/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- WT091310/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Oct 1;526(7571):82-90. doi: 10.1038/nature14962. Epub 2015 Sep 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26367797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adiponectin/blood ; Alleles ; Cohort Studies ; Disease/*genetics ; Exome/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genetics, Medical ; Genetics, Population ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genomics ; Great Britain ; *Health ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Receptors, LDL/genetics ; Reference Standards ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Triglycerides/blood
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2007-05-19
    Description: We present a draft sequence of the genome of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector for yellow fever and dengue fever, which at approximately 1376 million base pairs is about 5 times the size of the genome of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. Nearly 50% of the Ae. aegypti genome consists of transposable elements. These contribute to a factor of approximately 4 to 6 increase in average gene length and in sizes of intergenic regions relative to An. gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster. Nonetheless, chromosomal synteny is generally maintained among all three insects, although conservation of orthologous gene order is higher (by a factor of approximately 2) between the mosquito species than between either of them and the fruit fly. An increase in genes encoding odorant binding, cytochrome P450, and cuticle domains relative to An. gambiae suggests that members of these protein families underpin some of the biological differences between the two mosquito species.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nene, Vishvanath -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Lawson, Daniel -- Haas, Brian -- Kodira, Chinnappa -- Tu, Zhijian Jake -- Loftus, Brendan -- Xi, Zhiyong -- Megy, Karyn -- Grabherr, Manfred -- Ren, Quinghu -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Lobo, Neil F -- Campbell, Kathryn S -- Brown, Susan E -- Bonaldo, Maria F -- Zhu, Jingsong -- Sinkins, Steven P -- Hogenkamp, David G -- Amedeo, Paolo -- Arensburger, Peter -- Atkinson, Peter W -- Bidwell, Shelby -- Biedler, Jim -- Birney, Ewan -- Bruggner, Robert V -- Costas, Javier -- Coy, Monique R -- Crabtree, Jonathan -- Crawford, Matt -- Debruyn, Becky -- Decaprio, David -- Eiglmeier, Karin -- Eisenstadt, Eric -- El-Dorry, Hamza -- Gelbart, William M -- Gomes, Suely L -- Hammond, Martin -- Hannick, Linda I -- Hogan, James R -- Holmes, Michael H -- Jaffe, David -- Johnston, J Spencer -- Kennedy, Ryan C -- Koo, Hean -- Kravitz, Saul -- Kriventseva, Evgenia V -- Kulp, David -- Labutti, Kurt -- Lee, Eduardo -- Li, Song -- Lovin, Diane D -- Mao, Chunhong -- Mauceli, Evan -- Menck, Carlos F M -- Miller, Jason R -- Montgomery, Philip -- Mori, Akio -- Nascimento, Ana L -- Naveira, Horacio F -- Nusbaum, Chad -- O'leary, Sinead -- Orvis, Joshua -- Pertea, Mihaela -- Quesneville, Hadi -- Reidenbach, Kyanne R -- Rogers, Yu-Hui -- Roth, Charles W -- Schneider, Jennifer R -- Schatz, Michael -- Shumway, Martin -- Stanke, Mario -- Stinson, Eric O -- Tubio, Jose M C -- Vanzee, Janice P -- Verjovski-Almeida, Sergio -- Werner, Doreen -- White, Owen -- Wyder, Stefan -- Zeng, Qiandong -- Zhao, Qi -- Zhao, Yongmei -- Hill, Catherine A -- Raikhel, Alexander S -- Soares, Marcelo B -- Knudson, Dennis L -- Lee, Norman H -- Galagan, James -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Paulsen, Ian T -- Dimopoulos, George -- Collins, Frank H -- Birren, Bruce -- Fraser-Liggett, Claire M -- Severson, David W -- 079059/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 5 R01 AI61576-2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059492/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM006845/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- R01 LM006845-08/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI024716/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- UO1 AI50936/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 22;316(5832):1718-23. Epub 2007 May 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. nene@tigr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Anopheles gambiae/genetics/metabolism ; Arboviruses ; Base Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Dengue/prevention & control/transmission ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; *Genome, Insect ; Humans ; Insect Proteins/genetics ; Insect Vectors/*genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Protein Structure, Tertiary/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex Determination Processes ; Species Specificity ; Synteny ; Transcription, Genetic ; Yellow Fever/prevention & control/transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2010-10-23
    Description: The Afrotropical mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, a major vector of malaria, is currently undergoing speciation into the M and S molecular forms. These forms have diverged in larval ecology and reproductive behavior through unknown genetic mechanisms, despite considerable levels of hybridization. Previous genome-wide scans using gene-based microarrays uncovered divergence between M and S that was largely confined to gene-poor pericentromeric regions, prompting a speciation-with-ongoing-gene-flow model that implicated only about 3% of the genome near centromeres in the speciation process. Here, based on the complete M and S genome sequences, we report widespread and heterogeneous genomic divergence inconsistent with appreciable levels of interform gene flow, suggesting a more advanced speciation process and greater challenges to identify genes critical to initiating that process.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3674514/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3674514/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawniczak, M K N -- Emrich, S J -- Holloway, A K -- Regier, A P -- Olson, M -- White, B -- Redmond, S -- Fulton, L -- Appelbaum, E -- Godfrey, J -- Farmer, C -- Chinwalla, A -- Yang, S-P -- Minx, P -- Nelson, J -- Kyung, K -- Walenz, B P -- Garcia-Hernandez, E -- Aguiar, M -- Viswanathan, L D -- Rogers, Y-H -- Strausberg, R L -- Saski, C A -- Lawson, D -- Collins, F H -- Kafatos, F C -- Christophides, G K -- Clifton, S W -- Kirkness, E F -- Besansky, N J -- AI076584/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- BB/C519670/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/E002641/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 AI063508/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI076584/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI63508/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54-HG00379/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54-HG03068/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 22;330(6003):512-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1195755.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20966253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles gambiae/classification/*genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Flow ; *Genetic Speciation ; *Genome, Insect ; Male ; Models, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-03-17
    Description: The integrated stress response (ISR) is a homeostatic mechanism by which eukaryotic cells sense and respond to stress-inducing signals, such as amino acid starvation. General controlled non-repressed (GCN2) kinase is a key orchestrator of the ISR, and modulates protein synthesis in response to amino acid starvation. Here we demonstrate in mice that GCN2 controls intestinal inflammation by suppressing inflammasome activation. Enhanced activation of ISR was observed in intestinal antigen presenting cells (APCs) and epithelial cells during amino acid starvation, or intestinal inflammation. Genetic deletion of Gcn2 (also known as Eif2ka4) in CD11c(+) APCs or intestinal epithelial cells resulted in enhanced intestinal inflammation and T helper 17 cell (TH17) responses, owing to enhanced inflammasome activation and interleukin (IL)-1beta production. This was caused by reduced autophagy in Gcn2(-/-) intestinal APCs and epithelial cells, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), a potent activator of inflammasomes. Thus, conditional ablation of Atg5 or Atg7 in intestinal APCs resulted in enhanced ROS and TH17 responses. Furthermore, in vivo blockade of ROS and IL-1beta resulted in inhibition of TH17 responses and reduced inflammation in Gcn2(-/-) mice. Importantly, acute amino acid starvation suppressed intestinal inflammation via a mechanism dependent on GCN2. These results reveal a mechanism that couples amino acid sensing with control of intestinal inflammation via GCN2.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4854628/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4854628/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ravindran, Rajesh -- Loebbermann, Jens -- Nakaya, Helder I -- Khan, Nooruddin -- Ma, Hualing -- Gama, Leonardo -- Machiah, Deepa K -- Lawson, Benton -- Hakimpour, Paul -- Wang, Yi-chong -- Li, Shuzhao -- Sharma, Prachi -- Kaufman, Randal J -- Martinez, Jennifer -- Pulendran, Bali -- R01 DK088227/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK103185/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI048638/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK042394/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK057665/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI057266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI090023/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- ZIA ES103286-01/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 24;531(7595):523-7. doi: 10.1038/nature17186. Epub 2016 Mar 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. ; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508, Brazil. ; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India. ; Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. ; Virology Core, Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. ; Degenerative Disease Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037 USA. ; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Mail Drop D2-01 Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26982722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/administration & dosage/deficiency/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology/metabolism ; Autophagy ; Colitis/etiology/*metabolism/pathology/prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammasomes/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Inflammation/etiology/*metabolism/pathology/prevention & control ; Interleukin-1beta/immunology ; Intestines/*metabolism/*pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/deficiency/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Th17 Cells/immunology ; Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes/deficiency/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: A sexual dimorphism in the functional asymmetry of the damaged human brain is reflected in a test-specific laterality effect in male but not in female patients. This sex difference explains some contradictions concerning the effects of unilateral brain damage on intelligence in studies in which the influence of sex was overlooked.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inglis, J -- Lawson, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):693-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain Damage, Chronic/*pathology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; *Sex ; Verbal Behavior/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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