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  • 1
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    Late Pleistocene to Holocene vegetation and climate changes in northwestern Chukotka (Far East Russia) deduced from lakes Ilirney and Rauchuagytgyn pollen records (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Boreas, ISSN: 0300-9483
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Sedimentary ancient DNA reveals a threat of warming-induced alpine habitat loss to Tibetan Plateau plant diversity (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, 12(1), ISSN: 2041-1723
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: Studies along elevational gradients worldwide usually find the highest plant taxa richness in mid-elevation forest belts. Hence, an increase in upper elevation diversity is expected in the course of warming-related treeline rise. Here, we use a time-series approach to infer past taxa richness from sedimentary ancient DNA from the south-eastern Tibetan Plateau over the last ~18,000 years. We find the highest total plant taxa richness during the cool phase after glacier retreat when the area contained extensive and diverse alpine habitats (14–10 ka); followed by a decline when forests expanded during the warm early- to mid-Holocene (10–3.6 ka). Livestock grazing since 3.6 ka promoted plant taxa richness only weakly. Based on these inferred dependencies, our simulation yields a substantive decrease in plant taxa richness in response to warming-related alpine habitat loss over the next centuries. Accordingly, efforts of Tibetan biodiversity conservation should include conclusions from palaeoecological evidence.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Vegetation Reconstruction From Siberia and the Tibetan Plateau Using Modern Analogue Technique–Comparing Sedimentary (Ancient) DNA and Pollen Data (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9, ISSN: 2296-701X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: To reconstruct past vegetation from pollen or, more recently, lake sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) data is a common goal in palaeoecology. To overcome the bias of a researcher’s subjective assessment and to assign past assemblages to modern vegetation types quantitatively, the modern analogue technique (MAT) is often used for vegetation reconstruction. However, a rigorous comparison of MAT-derived pollen-based and sedDNA-based vegetation reconstruction is lacking. Here, we assess the dissimilarity between modern taxa assemblages from lake surface-sediments and fossil taxa assemblages from four lake sediment cores from the south-eastern Tibetan Plateau and northern Siberia using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, ordination methods, and Procrustes analyses. Modern sedDNA samples from 190 lakes and pollen samples from 136 lakes were collected from a variety of vegetation types. Our results show that more modern analogues are found with sedDNA than pollen when applying similarly derived thresholds. In particular, there are few modern pollen analogues for open vegetation such as alpine or arctic tundra, limiting the ability of treeline shifts to be clearly reconstructed. In contrast, the shifts in the main vegetation communities are well captured by sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA). For example, pronounced shifts from late-glacial alpine meadow/steppe to early–mid-Holocene coniferous forests to late Holocene Tibetan shrubland vegetation types are reconstructed for Lake Naleng on the south-eastern Tibetan Plateau. Procrustes and PROTEST analyses reveal that intertaxa relationships inferred from modern sedaDNA datasets align with past relationships generally, while intertaxa relationships derived from modern pollen spectra are mostly significantly different from fossil pollen relationships. Overall, we conclude that a quantitative sedaDNA-based vegetation reconstruction using MAT is more reliable than a pollen-based reconstruction, probably because of the more straightforward taphonomy that can relate sedDNA assemblages to the vegetation surrounding the lake.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Lake Sedimentary DNA Research on Past Terrestrial and Aquatic Biodiversity: Overview and Recommendations (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary, 4(1), pp. 6-6, ISSN: 2571-550X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: The use of lake sedimentary DNA to track the long-term changes in both terrestrial and aquatic biota is a rapidly advancing field in paleoecological research. Although largely applied nowadays, knowledge gaps remain in this field and there is therefore still research to be conducted to ensure the reliability of the sedimentary DNA signal. Building on the most recent literature and seven original case studies, we synthesize the state-of-the-art analytical procedures for effective sampling, extraction, amplification, quantification and/or generation of DNA inventories from sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) via high-throughput sequencing technologies. We provide recommendations based on current knowledge and best practises
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    Holocene wildfire and vegetation dynamics in Central Yakutia, Siberia, reconstructed from lake-sediment proxies (2022)
    Frontiers
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Frontiers, ISSN: 2296-701X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: Wildfires play an essential role in the ecology of boreal forests. In eastern Siberia, fire activity has been increasing in recent years, challenging the livelihoods of local communities. Intensifying fire regimes also increase disturbance pressure on the boreal forests, which currently protect the permafrost beneath from accelerated degradation. However, long-term relationships between changes in fire regime and forest structure remain largely unknown. We assess past fire-vegetation feedbacks using sedimentary proxy records from Lake Satagay, Central Yakutia, Siberia, covering the past c. 10,800 years. Results from macroscopic and microscopic charcoal analyses indicate high amounts of burnt biomass during the Early Holocene, and that the present-day, low-severity surface fire regime has been in place since c. 4,500 years before present. A pollen-based quantitative reconstruction of vegetation cover and a terrestrial plant record based on sedimentary ancient DNA metabarcoding suggest a pronounced shift in forest structure toward the Late Holocene. Whereas the Early Holocene was characterized by postglacial open larch-birch woodlands, forest structure changed toward the modern, mixed larch-dominated closed-canopy forest during the Mid-Holocene. We propose a potential relationship between open woodlands and high amounts of burnt biomass, as well as a mediating effect of dense larch forest on the climate-driven intensification of fire regimes. Considering the anticipated increase in forest disturbances (droughts, insect invasions, and wildfires), higher tree mortality may force the modern state of the forest to shift toward an open woodland state comparable to the Early Holocene. Such a shift in forest structure may result in a positive feedback on currently intensifying wildfires. These new long-term data improve our understanding of millennial-scale fire regime changes and their relationships to changes of vegetation in Central Yakutia, where the local population is already being confronted with intensifying wildfire seasons.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Vegetation Changes in Southeastern Siberia During the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9, ISSN: 2296-701X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: Relationships between climate, species composition, and species richness are of particular importance for understanding how boreal ecosystems will respond to ongoing climate change. This study aims to reconstruct changes in terrestrial vegetation composition and taxa richness during the glacial Late Pleistocene and the interglacial Holocene in the sparsely studied southeastern Yakutia (Siberia) by using pollen and sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) records. Pollen and sedaDNA metabarcoding data using the trnL g and h markers were obtained from a sediment core from Lake Bolshoe Toko. Both proxies were used to reconstruct the vegetation composition, while metabarcoding data were also used to investigate changes in plant taxa richness. The combination of pollen and sedaDNA approaches allows a robust estimation of regional and local past terrestrial vegetation composition around Bolshoe Toko during the last ∼35,000 years. Both proxies suggest that during the Late Pleistocene, southeastern Siberia was covered by open steppe-tundra dominated by graminoids and forbs with patches of shrubs, confirming that steppe-tundra extended far south in Siberia. Both proxies show disturbance at the transition between the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene suggesting a period with scarce vegetation, changes in the hydrochemical conditions in the lake, and in sedimentation rates. Both proxies document drastic changes in vegetation composition in the early Holocene with an increased number of trees and shrubs and the appearance of new tree taxa in the lake’s vicinity. The sedaDNA method suggests that the Late Pleistocene steppe-tundra vegetation supported a higher number of terrestrial plant taxa than the forested Holocene. This could be explained, for example, by the “keystone herbivore” hypothesis, which suggests that Late Pleistocene megaherbivores were able to maintain a high plant diversity. This is discussed in the light of the data with the broadly accepted species-area hypothesis as steppe-tundra covered such an extensive area during the Late Pleistocene.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Hybridization capture of larch ( Larix Mill.) chloroplast genomes from sedimentary ancient DNA reveals past changes of Siberian forest (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Molecular Ecology Resources, 21(3), pp. 801-815, ISSN: 1755-098X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: Siberian larch (Larix Mill.) forests dominate vast areas of northern Russia and contribute important ecosystem services to the world. It is important to understand the past dynamics of larches in order to predict their likely response to a changing climate in the future. Sedimentary ancient DNA extracted from lake sediment cores can serve as archives to study past vegetation. However, the traditional method of studying sedimentary ancient DNA—metabarcoding—focuses on small fragments, which cannot resolve Larix to species level nor allow a detailed study of population dynamics. Here, we use shotgun sequencing and hybridization capture with long-range PCR-generated baits covering the complete Larix chloroplast genome to study Larix populations from a sediment core reaching back to 6700 years from the Taymyr region in northern Siberia. In comparison with shotgun sequencing, hybridization capture results in an increase in taxonomically classified reads by several orders of magnitude and the recovery of complete chloroplast genomes of Larix. Variation in the chloroplast reads corroborates an invasion of Larix gmelinii into the range of Larix sibirica before 6700 years ago. Since then, both species have been present at the site, although larch populations have decreased with only a few trees remaining in what was once a forested area. This study demonstrates for the first time that hybridization capture applied directly to ancient DNA of plants extracted from lake sediments can provide genome-scale information and is a viable tool for studying past genomic changes in populations of single species, irrespective of a preservation as macrofossil.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Holocene chloroplast genetic variation of shrubs ( Alnus alnobetula , Betula nana , Salix sp.) at the siberian tundra‐taiga ecotone inferred from modern chloroplast genome assembly and sedimentary ancient DNA analyses (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Ecology and Evolution, 11(5), pp. 2173-2193, ISSN: 2045-7758
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Description: Climate warming alters plant composition and population dynamics of arctic ecosystems. In particular, an increase in relative abundance and cover of deciduous shrub species (shrubification) has been recorded. We inferred genetic variation of common shrub species (Alnus alnobetula, Betula nana, Salix sp.) through time. Chloroplast genomes were assembled from modern plants (n = 15) from the Siberian forest-tundra ecotone. Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA; n = 4) was retrieved from a lake on the southern Taymyr Peninsula and analyzed by metagenomics shotgun sequencing and a hybridization capture approach. For A. alnobetula, analyses of modern DNA showed low intraspecies genetic variability and a clear geographical structure in haplotype distribution. In contrast, B. nana showed high intraspecies genetic diversity and weak geographical structure. Analyses of sedaDNA revealed a decreasing relative abundance of Alnus since 5,400 cal yr BP, whereas Betula and Salix increased. A comparison between genetic variations identified in modern DNA and sedaDNA showed that Alnus variants were maintained over the last 6,700 years in the Taymyr region. In accordance with modern individuals, the variants retrieved from Betula and Salix sedaDNA showed higher genetic diversity. The success of the hybridization capture in retrieving diverged sequences demonstrates the high potential for future studies of plant biodiversity as well as specific genetic variation on ancient DNA from lake sediments. Overall, our results suggest that shrubification has species-specific trajectories. The low genetic diversity in A. alnobetula suggests a local population recruitment and growth response of the already present communities, whereas the higher genetic variability and lack of geographical structure in B. nana may indicate a recruitment from different populations due to more efficient seed dispersal, increasing the genetic connectivity over long distances.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 9
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    Massenbewegungen im Rotliegenden der Nordpfalz, dargestellt am Beispiel des Meßtischblattes Lauterecken (1984)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Der Bereich des Meßtischblattes 6311 Lauterecken im Saar-Nahe-Gebiet (SW-Deutschland) wurde anhand einer geologischen, ingenieurgeologischen, hydrogeologischen und morphologischen Untersuchung einer Stabilitätsanalyse der Hänge und Böschungen unterzogen, die durch die Verwertung klimatologischer Daten vervollständigt wurde. Das Ergebnis liegt in einer Stabilitätskarte sowie in einer Analyse der gesammelten Daten vor. Soweit die Untersuchung des Modellgebietes von ca. 130 km21 Größe (etwa 5% der Fläche des Saar-Nahe-Gebietes) eine Antwort zuläßt, sind Hänge und Böschungen im sedimentären Rotliegenden des Saar-Nahe-Gebietes bereits ab 7° Hangneigung potentiell rutschgefährdet. Das rutschgefährdete Areal umfaßt etwa 10% der untersuchten Fläche. Ca. 2,6% wurden von Massenbewegungen betroffen. Kriechen und Gleiten sind die häufigsten Arten der Massenbewegungen. Die beteiligten stratigraphischen Einheiten sind neben den Deckschichten die Quirnbacher, Jeckenbacher und Lautereckener Schichten des Unteren Rotliegenden. Künstliche Böschungs-, An- und Einschnitte in den für das Unterrotliegende charakteristischen Wechsellagerungen von Ton-, Schluff- und Sandsteinen, stellen ein permanentes Stabilitätsproblem dar.
    Description: Abstract: This report deals with the analysis of stability of slopes which occur on the map of Lauterecken, Saar-Nahe-area, SW-Germany. A geological, engineering geological, hydrogeological and morphological study was made, additionally, climatological data were taken into account; the results of it are analyzed and plotted in a stability map. Conclusions: Taking the regarded territory of approximately 130 km2 (about 5% of the area of the Saar-Nahe-area), it can be stated that slopes in the Saar-Nahe-area are potential landslide areas, if the inclination of the slopes is 7° or more. Within an area of 10% landslides are probable to take place. Within 2,6% mass movements happened or are going on. Creep and sliding are the most abundant forms of mass movements. Slope instability occours preferentially in weathered rocks, Quirnbach beds, Jeckenbach beds and Lauterecken beds of the Lower Permian. Steep roadcuts occurring in alternating sandstone and siltstone beds are very likely to cause stability problems.
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:550 ; Rutschungen ; Saar-Nahe-Becken ; TK 6311 ; Rotliegend
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article , publishedVersion
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  • 10
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    Bergordnung für Sankt Joachimsthal 1525 (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Trotz der am 2. August 1518 erlassenen Bergordnung kam es in den Folgejahren immer wieder zu Auseinandersetzungen zwischen den Bergleuten und den Bergbeamten. Hintergrund waren neben der wachsenden Korruption auch Betrug, Misswirtschaft und Machtmissbrauch der Bergbeamten, dem durch den rasant wachsenden Bergbau Tür und Tor geöffnet war. Mutmaßlich inspiriert durch die Bauernkriege kam es am 20. Mai 1525 zu einem Aufstand der Bergleuten in Joachimsthal. Nach der raschen Beilegung der Auseinandersetzung wurde zu der weiterhin gültigen Bergordnung vom 2. August 1518 eine Ergänzung mit 35 Artikeln erlassen.
    Description: source
    Keywords: Graf Stefan Schlick zu Passaun ; Alexander Burggraf von Leisnig ; Rudolf II. von Bünau ; Apel IV. Vitzthum ; Urban Osan ; Anton Römhelt ; Hans Hausmann ; Joachimsthal/Jáchymov ; Freiberg ; Annaberg ; Falkenau/Sokolow
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:book , updatedVersion
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  • 11
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    [Neue Nr. 3162] Kreuz [Krzyż Wlkp.] / Geologische Karte (1917)
    Kraatz, Berlin
    In:  SUB Göttingen | KART B 140:3162, KART H 140:Kreuz
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Geologische Karte 1: 25 000 mit Erläuterungen. Digitalisat des FID GEO (Fachinformationsdienst Geowissenschaften), erstellt durch das GDZ (Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum), Karte aus dem Bestand der SUB Göttingen. Koordinaten Vorlage: Nullmeridian Ferro E 033 40 - 033 50 / N 052 54 - 052 48.
    Description: map
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: ddc:554.3 ; ddc:912 ; Geologische Karte
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:carthographicMaterial
    Format: 78
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  • 12
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    Biostratigraphie organisch-wandiger Dinoflagellatenzysten in der Rupel-Abfolge (Unter-Oligozän) des Mainzer Beckens (2001)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Die biostratigraphische Aussagekraft organischwandiger Dinoflagella- tenzysten in Rupel-Sedimenten (Unter-Oligozän) des Mainzer Beckens wird anhand von Material aus fünf Kernbohrungen aus verschiedenen Ablagerungsräumen untersucht. Die Abfolge vom oberen Foraminiferenmergel bis in den unteren Schleichsand lässt sich durch das Aussetzen von Wetzeliella gochtii, Rhombodinium draco, Phtanoperidinium amomum, P. comatum, W. symmetrica und Enneadocysta pectiniformis in vier Abschnitte gliedern. Ein Vergleich mit Dinoflagellatenzysten-Zonierungen für den nordwesteuropäischen Raum ergibt die größten Übereinstimmungen mit der Zonierung von Köthe (1990). Dies weist auf eine enge paläozeanographische Verbindung zwischen dem Mainzer Becken und dem nordwestdeutschen Tertiärbecken zur Zeit des Rupels hin.
    Description: Abstract: The biostratigraphic significance of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts from Rupelian (Lower Oligocene) sediments of the Mainz Basin (Southwest Germany) is investigated. The study material is derived from five boreholes drilled in different depo- sitional environments. The investigated succession can be subdivided into four intervals based on the last appearance data of Wetzeliella gochtii, Rhombodinium draco, Phtanope- ridinium amomum, P. comatum, W. symmetrica, and Enneadocysta pectiniformis. A comparison of dinoflagellate cyst ranges in the Mainz Basin with zonations from the Northwest European Tertiary Basin yields highest agreement with the zonation of Köthe (1990) which has been established for northern Germany. This indicates a close palae- oceanographic connection between the Mainz Basin and the Northwest European Tertiary Basin during Rupelian times.
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:560.47 ; Mainzer Becken ; Biostratigraphie ; Dinoflagellaten ; Oligozän
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    Ingenieurgeologische Untersuchung einer Rutschung in Essenheim/Rheinhessen (2016)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: In verschiedenen Hanglagen der Ortsgemeinde Essenheim in Rheinhessen (Rheinland-Pfalz) ist der Untergrund rutschgefährdet oder es sind fossile Rutschungen vorhanden. In einer dieser Hanglagen wurde die Erweiterung des Baugebietes „Domherrngärten" geplant. In der Folge dessen war zu klären, unter welchen Randbedingungen die Bebauung realisiert werden kann. Hierzu wurden in mehreren Kampagnen der geologische Untergrund mit Kernbohrungen untersucht und Inklinometermessstellen zur Beobachtung von Hangbewegungen eingerichtet. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse wurden im Rahmen einer Bachelorarbeit zur Durchführung von Standsicherheitsberechnungen genutzt. Auf der Basis aller Untersuchungsergebnisse werden Vorsorgemaßnahmen für die Bebauung in einem rutschgefährdetem Hang aufgezeigt.
    Description: Abstract: Various slopes in the village Essenheim in Rhinehessen/ Rhineland-Pala- tinate are prone to landslides. The planed extension of the building area „Domherrngärten II" is part of such an area. In succession it had to be discussed under which circumstances construction is possible. To analyze the geological features core drillings with rock sampling were executed as well as inclinometers (measurements to detect motion of the slope). The taken data was used in a Bachelor thesis to evaluate the slope stability. On the base of all results references for building on instable slopes are given.
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:624.151 ; Mainzer Becken ; Rutschungen ; Ingenieurgeologie ; TK 6014
    Language: German
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  • 14
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    NewrecordsoftheinvasivemarinecrabCharybdishellerii (Crustacea, Brachyura) in Cuba (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The brachyuran crab Charybdis hellerii is originally from the Pacific; nevertheless, the spe- cies has been introduced to tropical waters globally. Its initial sighting in the Western Atlan- tic was documented in 1990 based on specimens collected in Cuba in 1987. In this paper, we present findings of C. hellerii from two localities in eastern Cuba: Santiago de Cuba and Taco bays. Up to this point, the species has solely been documented in estuaries in Cuba, and it likely exists throughout the entire archipelago. Given its feeding behaviour and extensive distribution, encompassing areas within the National Park Alejandro de Humboldt, this species can be key in the formulation of conservation plans for Cuban marine ecosystems.
    Description: El cangrejo braquiuro Charybdis hellerii es originario del Pacífico; sin embargo, la espe- cie ha sido introducida en aguas tropicales a nivel mundial. Su primera aparición en el Atlántico Occidental se registró en 1990 en base a especímenes recolectados en Cuba en 1987. En este artículo, presentamos los hallazgos de C. hellerii en dos localidades en Cuba oriental: las bahías de Santiago de Cuba y Taco. Hasta el momento, la especie solo ha sido registrada en estuarios en Cuba y es probable que esté presente en todo el archipiélago. Dada su conducta alimentaria y su amplia distribución, que incluye áreas dentro del Par- que Nacional Alejandro de Humboldt, esta especie puede ser clave en la formulación de planes de conservación para los ecosistemas marinos cubanos.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Bioinvasions ; Caribbean Sea ; Conservation ; Decapoda ; Portunidae ; Bioinvasiones ; Mar Caribe ; Conservación
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 95-100pp.
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  • 15
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    Plankton community changes during the last 124 000 years in the subarctic Bering Sea derived from sedimentary ancient DNA (2024)
    Oxford University Press (OUP)
    In:  EPIC3The ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology, Oxford University Press (OUP), 18(1), pp. wrad006-wrad006, ISSN: 1751-7362
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Current global warming results in rising sea-water temperatures, and the loss of sea ice in Arctic and subarctic oceans impacts the community composition of primary producers with cascading effects on the food web and potentially on carbon export rates. This study analyzes metagenomic shotgun and diatom rbcL amplicon sequencing data from sedimentary ancient DNA of the subarctic western Bering Sea that records phyto- and zooplankton community changes over the last glacial-interglacial cycles, including the last interglacial period (Eemian). Our data show that interglacial and glacial plankton communities differ, with distinct Eemian and Holocene plankton communities. The generally warm Holocene period is dominated by picosized cyanobacteria and bacteria-feeding heterotrophic protists, while the Eemian period is dominated by eukaryotic picosized chlorophytes and Triparmaceae. By contrast, the glacial period is characterized by microsized phototrophic protists, including sea ice-associated diatoms in the family Bacillariaceae and co-occurring diatom-feeding crustaceous zooplankton. Our deep-time record of plankton community changes reveals a long-term decrease in phytoplankton cell size coeval with increasing temperatures, resembling community changes in the currently warming Bering Sea. The phytoplankton community in the warmer-than-present Eemian period is distinct from modern communities and limits the use of the Eemian as an analog for future climate scenarios. However, under enhanced future warming, the expected shift toward the dominance of small-sized phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists might result in an increased productivity, whereas the community's potential of carbon export will be decreased, thereby weakening the subarctic Bering Sea's function as an effective carbon sink.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 16
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    Microbial Meltdown: Concurrent global change and heatwaves disturb phototrophic more than heterotrophic protist diversity (2024)
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 17
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    Pleistocene glacial and interglacial ecosystems inferred from ancient DNA analyses of permafrost sediments from Batagay megaslump, East Siberia (2022)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Environmental DNA, Wiley, 4(6), pp. 1265-1283, ISSN: 2637-4943
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Pronounced glacial and interglacial climate cycles characterized northern ecosystems during the Pleistocene. Our understanding of the resultant community transformations and past ecological interactions strongly depends on the taxa found in fossil assemblages. Here, we present a shotgun metagenomic analysis of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) to infer past ecosystem-wide biotic composition (from viruses to megaherbivores) from the Middle and Late Pleistocene at the Batagay megaslump, East Siberia. The shotgun DNA records of past vegetation composition largely agree with pollen and plant metabarcoding data from the same samples. Interglacial ecosystems at Batagay attributed to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 17 and MIS 7 were characterized by forested vegetation (Pinus, Betula, Alnus) and open grassland. The microbial and fungal communities indicate strong activity related to soil decomposition, especially during MIS17. The local landscape likely featured more open, herb-dominated areas, and the vegetation mosaic supported birds and small omnivorous mammals. Parts of the area were intermittently/partially flooded as suggested by the presence of water-dependent taxa. During MIS 3, the sampled ecosystems are identified as cold-temperate, periodically flooded grassland. Diverse megafauna (Mammuthus, Equus, Coelodonta) coexisted with small mammals (rodents). The MIS 2 ecosystems existed under harsher conditions, as suggested by the presence of cold-adapted herbaceous taxa. Typical Pleistocene megafauna still inhabited the area. The new approach, in which shotgun sequencing is supported by metabarcoding and pollen data, enables the investigation of community composition changes across a broad range of taxonomic groups and inferences about trophic interactions and aspects of soil microbial ecology.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 18
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    Early human impact on lake cyanobacteria revealed by a Holocene record of sedimentary ancient DNA (2023)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Communications Biology, Springer Nature, 6(1), pp. 72-72, ISSN: 2399-3642
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Sedimentary DNA-based studies revealed the effects of human activity on lake cyanobacteria communities over the last centuries, yet we continue to lack information over longer timescales. Here, we apply high-resolution molecular analyses on sedimentary ancient DNA to reconstruct the history of cyanobacteria throughout the Holocene in a lake in north-eastern Germany. We find a substantial increase in cyanobacteria abundance coinciding with deforestation during the early Bronze Age around 4000 years ago, suggesting increased nutrient supply to the lake by local communities settling on the lakeshore. The next substantial human-driven increase in cyanobacteria abundance occurred only about a century ago due to intensified agricultural fertilisation which caused the dominance of potentially toxic taxa (e.g., Aphanizomenon). Our study provides evidence that humans began to locally impact lake ecology much earlier than previously assumed. Consequently, managing aquatic systems today requires awareness of the legacy of human influence dating back potentially several millennia.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 19
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    Paleometagenomics reveals environmental microbiome response to vegetation changes in northern Siberia over the millennia (2023)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Environmental DNA, Wiley, 5(6), pp. 1252-1264, ISSN: 2637-4943
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The study of environmental ancient DNA provides us with the unique opportunity to link environmental with ecosystem change over a millennial timescale. Paleorecords such as lake sediments contain genetic pools of past living organisms that are a valuable source of information to reconstruct how ecosystems were and how they changed in response to climate in the past. Here, we report on paleometagenomics of a sedimentary record in northern Siberia covering the past 6700 years. We integrated taxonomic with functional gene analysis, which enabled to shed light not only on community compositions but also on eco-physiological adaptations and ecosystem functioning. We reconstructed the presence of an open boreal forest 6700 years ago that over time was gradually replaced by tundra. This vegetation change had major consequences on the environmental microbiome, primarily enriching bacterial and archaeal ammonia oxidizers (e.g., Nitrospira, Nitrosopumilus, and Ca. Nitrosocosmicus) in the tundra ecosystem. We identified a core microbiome conserved through time and largely consisting of heterotrophic bacteria of the Bacteroidetes phylum (e.g., Mucilaginibacter) harboring numerous functional genes for degradation of plant-biomass and abiotic and biotic stress resistance. Archaea were also a key functional guild, involved in nitrogen and carbon cycling, not only methanogenesis but possibly also degradation of plant material via enzymes such as cellulases and amylases. Overall, the paleo-perspective offered by our study can have a profound impact on modern climate change biology, by helping to explain and predict the ecological interplay among multiple ecosystem levels based on past experiences.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 20
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    Larix species range dynamics in Siberia since the Last Glacial captured from sedimentary ancient DNA (2022)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Communications Biology, Springer Nature, 5(1), pp. 570-570, ISSN: 2399-3642
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Climate change is expected to cause major shifts in boreal forests which are in vast areas of Siberia dominated by two species of the deciduous needle tree larch (Larix). The species differ markedly in their ecosystem functions, thus shifts in their respective ranges are of global relevance. However, drivers of species distribution are not well understood, in part because paleoecological data at species level are lacking. This study tracks Larix species distribution in time and space using target enrichment on sedimentary ancient DNA extracts from eight lakes across Siberia. We discovered that Larix sibirica, presently dominating in western Siberia, likely migrated to its northern distribution area only in the Holocene at around 10,000 years before present (ka BP), and had a much wider eastern distribution around 33 ka BP. Samples dated to the Last Glacial Maximum (around 21 ka BP), consistently show genotypes of L. gmelinii. Our results suggest climate as a strong determinant of species distribution in Larix and provide temporal and spatial data for species projection in a changing climate.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 21
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    Sedimentary ancient DNA reveals past ecosystem and biodiversity changes on the Tibetan Plateau: Overview and prospects (2022)
    Elsevier BV
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier BV, 293, pp. 107703-107703, ISSN: 0277-3791
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau are being threatened by ongoing climate warming and intensified human activities. Ecological time-series obtained from sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) are essential for understanding past ecosystem and biodiversity dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau and their responses to climate change at a high taxonomic resolution. Hitherto only few but promising studies have been published on this topic. The potential and limitations of using sedaDNA on the Tibetan Plateau are not fully understood. Here, we (i) provide updated knowledge of and a brief introduction to the suitable archives, region-specific taphonomy, state-of-the-art methodologies, and research questions of sedaDNA on the Tibetan Plateau; (ii) review published and ongoing sedaDNA studies from the Tibetan Plateau; and (iii) give some recommendations for future sedaDNA study designs. Based on the current knowledge of taphonomy, we infer that deep glacial lakes with freshwater and high clay sediment input, such as those from the southern and southeastern Tibetan Plateau, may have a high potential for sedaDNA studies. Metabarcoding (for microorganisms and plants), metagenomics (for ecosystems), and hybridization capture (for prehistoric humans) are three primary sedaDNA approaches which have been successfully applied on the Tibetan Plateau, but their power is still limited by several technical issues, such as PCR bias and incompleteness of taxonomic reference databases. Setting up high-quality and open-access regional taxonomic reference databases for the Tibetan Plateau should be given priority in the future. To conclude, the archival, taphonomic, and methodological conditions of the Tibetan Plateau are favorable for performing sedaDNA studies. More research should be encouraged to address questions about long-term ecological dynamics at ecosystem scale and to bring the paleoecology of the Tibetan Plateau into a new era.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 22
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    Terrestrial vegetation and lake aquatic community diversity under climate change during the mid–late Holocene in the Altai Mountains (2023)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, Elsevier, 623, pp. 111623-111623, ISSN: 0031-0182
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Using pollen analysis and metabarcoding of plant sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNa), we infer the floristic diversity in the vicinity of Lake Balyktukel, Ulagan Plateau, the Altai Mountains, over the last 7 kyr. The SedaDNA method identified 200% more taxa than found by morphological pollen analysis. In particular, it revealed that the dominant tree for the last 7 kyr was Larix rather than Pinus, which was less frequent in the vicinity of Lake Balyktukel. About 7 ka, larch forest mixed with dwarf birch was widespread on the Ulagan Plateau. The period between 5.3 and 3.4 kyr BP was characterized by the maximal spread of larch forest with an understorey cover of Vaccinium vitis-idaea. Pollen-based annual precipitation reconstruction indicates the most humid phase was between 6.95 and 4.3 ka, and generally coincides with maximal phytodiversity. The most bioproductive period of the lake was from 7 to 6 ka. After that, the trophicity of the lake decreased until 4.5 ka. The appearance of Hippuris vulgaris and increase in Ranunculus subgen. Batrachium at about 5.3–5 ka may indicate the extension of shallow-water ecotopes. Between 3.7 and 3.5 ka, the cyanobacterium Anabaena – an indicator of increased organic matter and algal blooms – was widespread. A planktic thermophilic cladoceran Bosmina longirostris appeared after 1.8 ka and colonized the lake, suggesting an increase in lake trophicity. The last 100 years have been characterized by dramatic changes in the cladoceran community reflecting significant warming of climate.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 23
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    Taxonomic notes on Trigonostemon (Euphorbiaceae) in the Philippines (2020)
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 12-24
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Descriptions of five Trigonostemon species in the Philippines (four endemic) are updated with taxonomic notes based on herbarium collections and field observations. A new species of Trigonostemon is described. All species treated here are illustrated with photos. The formerly uncertain species, T. stenophyllus, is now synonymized with T. filiformis. In addition to T. pentandrus, three more Trigonostemon species are reported to cohabit with ants. A new identification key and an updated identification list of Trigonostemon species in the Philippines are provided.
    Keywords: Plant Science ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Euphorbiaceae ; Philippines ; revision ; taxonomy ; Trigonostemon
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 24
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    The pharynx of the iconic stem-group chondrichthyan Acanthodes Agassiz, 1833 revisited with micro-computed tomography (2024)
    In:  Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society vol. 2024 no. XX
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Acanthodes has long been the primary source of information on the pharyngeal skeleton of ‘acanthodians’. Because of this its anatomy has played a disproportionate role in attempts to understand the evolution of the jawed vertebrate pharynx and the clade as a whole. However, the anatomy of the pharynx of Acanthodes, now understood to be a stem-group chondrichthyan, remains poorly characterized and subject to several com- peting interpretations. We used computed tomography to image the articulated pharyngeal skeletons of three specimens of Acanthodes confusus from Lebach, Germany. Acanthodes has a mélange of osteichthyan-like and chondrichthyan-like morphologies in its pharyngeal skeleton. Like many other chondrichthyans, Acanthodes lacked hypohyals, and had four pairs of posteriorly oriented pharyngobranchials. Like osteichthyans, Acanthodes possessed an interhyal, but lacked the separate infra- and supra-pharyngobranchial elements present in osteichthyans and the crown- chondrichthyan Ozarcus. Using these new data we built and animated a digital 3D model of the pharyngeal endoskeleton in Acanthodes, showing that the jaws could have swung outwards during the opening cycle, increasing the anteriorly facing area of the gape for suspension feeding. These new data provide a more definitive picture of the anatomy of a taxon that has long been of great significance in early vertebrate palaeontology.
    Keywords: acanthodian ; branchial skeleton ; chondrichthyan ; computed tomography ; Permian ; pharynx
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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    Genomic signatures of past megafrugivore‐mediated dispersal in Malagasy palms (2024)
    In:  Journal of Ecology vol. 2024
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Seed dispersal affects gene flow and hence genetic differentiation of plant populations. During the Late Quaternary, most fruit-eating and seed-dispersing megafauna went extinct, but whether these animals have left signatures in the population genetics of their food plants, particularly those with large, ‘megafaunal’ fruits (i.e. 〉4 cm—megafruits), remains unclear.Here, we assessed the population history, genetic differentiation and recent migration among populations of four animal-dispersed palm (Arecaceae) species with large (Borassus madagascariensis), medium-sized (Hyphaene coriacea, Bismarckia nobilis) and small (Chrysalidocarpus madagascariensis) fruits on Madagascar. We integrated double-digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD) of 167 individuals from 25 populations with (past) distribution ranges for extinct (e.g., giant lemurs and elephant birds) and extant seed-dispersing animals, landscape and human impact data, and applied linear mixed-effects models to explore the drivers of genetic variation in Malagasy palms.Palm populations that shared more megafrugivore species in the past had lower genetic differentiation than populations that shared fewer megafrugivore species. This suggests that megafrugivore-mediated seed dispersal in the past may have led to frequent gene flow among populations. In comparison, extant frugivore diversity only decreased genetic differentiation in the small-fruited palm. Furthermore, genetic differentiation of all palm species decreased with landscape connectivity (i.e. environmental suitability, forest cover and river density) and human impact (i.e. road density), while migration rates of the small-fruit palm increased with road density.Synthesis. Our results suggest that the legacy of megafrugivores regularly achieving long dispersal distances is still reflected in the population genetics of palms that were formerly dispersed by such animals. Furthermore, low genetic differentiation was possibly maintained after the megafauna extinctions through alternative dispersal (e.g. human- or river-mediated), long generation times and long lifespans of these megafruit palms. Our study illustrates how species interactions that happened 〉1000 years ago can leave imprints in their population genetics.
    Keywords: Arecaceae ; ddRAD ; genetic differentiation ; megafauna extinction ; population genomics ; recent migration rate ; seed dispersal
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 26
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    Pilotierung von Infrastruktur zur Rücknahme von Mehrwegverpackungen : Handreichung zur Wirkungsmessung (2024)
    Hamburg : Mehrwegverband Deutschland
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Der Mehrwegverband Deutschland e. V. ist gemeinsam mit dem Wuppertal Institut vom Umweltbundesamt beauftragt worden, die Grundlage für eine gemeinsame Wirkungsmessung der Mehrweg-Rückgabe-Piloten in Deutschland zu legen. Ziel war es, mit Initiator*innen und Beteiligten aus Pilotprojekten deren Ansätze zur Wirkungsmessung zu teilen, zu spiegeln, weiterzuentwickeln - und auf Praxistauglichkeit zu testen. Diese Handreichung gibt einen Überblick über die Projekte, definiert die Gestaltungsdimensionen, beschäftigt sich mit der Wirkungsmessung, zeigt die Ergebnisse auf und gibt erste Empfehlungen. Basis der Erarbeitung war eine Workshop-Reihe der Pilotprojekte in München/Haar, Mainz-Wiesbaden, Hamburg/Westfield, Berlin/Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg und München/Glockenbachviertel.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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    China and the Geopolitics of Hydrogen: An Awakening Giant? (2024)
    Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS)
    In:  RIFS Discussion Paper | International Hydrogen Policy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of China in the emerging geopolitics of hydrogen. It begins with a review of China's external energy policy and its evolution over the past decades, highlighting China's transition to a net-energy importer as an important inflection point in that process. It then goes on to describe the main pillars of China's national hydrogen policy. Building on this the paper provides and overview of China's external hydrogen policy and how this aligns with both its broader energy foreign policy and its hydrogen policy objectives. The paper finds that China’s hydrogen strategy – both internal and external – are still at an emergent stage. National targets remain modest, and policy remains ambiguous regarding the preferred production pathway. China’s long-term vision clearly emphasizes the role of renewable hydrogen to help balance an energy system dominated by wind and solar energy. However, current policy provides ample space for the promotion of other forms of hydrogen production. Rather, than a strong, centralized policy approach, local and provincial governments along with SOEs have been driving investment and policy experimentation in the sector, which includes efforts to boost fossil-based hydrogen production.
    Language: English
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    Japan: Putting Hydrogen at the Core of its Decarbonization Strategy (2024)
    Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS)
    In:  RIFS Discussion Paper | International Hydrogen Policy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This chapter reviews Japan’s hydrogen strategy with a particular focus on its international elements. It begins by outlining Japan’s international commitment to reduce economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions. The chapter then reviews Japan's domestic policy settings designed to support the deployment of hydrogen in power generation, transport, and industrial uses. The chapter then reviews the strategy that the government is using to enable the development of international supply chains to enable the required imports to satisfy projected hydrogen use in the country. It outlines bilateral technology partnerships and international activities within multilateral forums. It concludes with a short discussion of the geopolitical implications of Japan's hydrogen strategy. Japan has been at the forefront of global efforts to increase the role of hydrogen and ammonia as an option for supporting decarbonization. Japan’s government is positioning hydrogen to play a large role in its overall decarbonisation strategy in support of its mid-century, net zero emissions reduction goal. In this context, the Japanese government is supporting the development of technologies on both the supply and demand side, informed by its understanding of feasible decarbonization pathways domestically and the industrial policy opportunities it has identified to promote Japan's technological leadership. Key features of Japan’s strategy are the central focus on the need to import hydrogen and ammonia and the emphasis domestically on the use of hydrogen and ammonia co-combustion in existing thermal power generation as a transition technology, which is not emphasised in other countries’ national hydrogen strategies. In addition, the Japanese government is championing hydrogen and ammonia internationally through forums such as AZEC, which includes proposing ammonia as a technology option for reducing emissions from the power sector in the Asia-Pacific. A key near-term focus on the supply-side is testing the feasibility of different technology options for hydrogen transport, based on the strong emphasis on hydrogen and ammonia imports within Japan’s hydrogen strategy. Coupled with the potential for exporting technologies for hydrogen use, this suggests that new patterns of trade and investment may emerge, although there remain crucial questions about commercial feasibility in addition to technical challenges. Indeed, Japan’s hydrogen strategy is predicated on the ability to build international supply chains at scale. These are currently being enabled by public investment in early-stage projects. These testing different technology options to enable the export of hydrogen to Japan to support domestic decarbonization. Another challenge lies in unlocking hydrogen demand given that processes using hydrogen and ammonia remain more expensive than alternatives in most cases. A case in point is FCVs, in which consumer demand remains far lower than envisioned. In response, the Japanese government is developing a series of policies to reduce the gap between hydrogen and ammonia and best available technologies. The revised 2023 NHS also signalled a shift towards emphasising Japan’s technology leadership in fuel cells and taking a more neutral approach towards end-use sectors. We can expect Japan’s national hydrogen strategy to continue to develop in response to the effectiveness of policies implemented domestically and internationally to increase the demand for, and supply of hydrogen and associated vectors.
    Language: English
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    Daily Accumulated Total Precipitation from Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model at 6 km Resolution for Atacama Desert from 1990 to 2020 (2024)
    CRC1211 Database (CRC1211DB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Other
    Description: This dataset contains simulated daily accumulated total precipitation (convective and non-convective) for the Atacama Desert, generated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The simulation represents a high-resolution regional precipitation dataset from the dynamic downscaling of ERA5 data, using a higher-resolution climate model. The dataset spans the years 1990 to 2020, providing a horizontal resolution of 6 km and is stored in NetCDF format. The time indicated represents the end of the accumulation period in UTC. A single one-way nesting was performed using ERA5 as initial and boundary conditions within the domain 26-16°S and 67-74°W. The WRF Model simulation is initially output as 3-hourly data. Further, 3-hourly total precipitation (convective plus non-convective rainfall) is accumulated into daily precipitation. Other initial and boundary conditions include land use and soil categories (USGS 24 categories), vegetation fraction and LAI (monthly MODIS climatology), and sea surface temperature (ERA5, provided by HadISST2 prior to September 2007 and OSTIA as per Dee et al., 2011). For physical parameterizations used in WRF, please refer to Reyers et al. (2021).
    Keywords: Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere ; Climate Models ; Precipitation
    Type: Dataset , WRF simulation
    Format: NetCDF
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    Geophysical Imaging of Deep EarthShape (GIDES): Seismic data of the Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The dataset contains the seismic weight drop data acquired in Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile. The data acquisition was conducted as a part of the EarthShape project in the subproject of Geophysical Imaging of the Deep EarthShape (GIDES). The seismic line was setup to cut across an existing borehole location with core and geophysical logging data available (Krone et al., 2021; Weckmann et al., 2020). The data was acquired to image the deep weathering zone identified by the borehole data across the seismic profile. Included in the datasets are the raw data of the CUBE data logger, SEG-Y data of the recorded shots, and the shot and receiver geometry data. A vital aspect of comprehending the interplay between geological and biological processes lies in the imaging of the critical zone, located deep beneath the surface, where the transition from unaltered bedrock to fragmented regolith occurs. It had been hypothesized that the depth of such weathering zone is dependent on the climate condition of the area. A more humid climate with higher precipitation will result in a deeper weathering front. As a part of the EarthShape project (SPP-1803 ‘EarthShape: Earth Surface Shaping by Biota’), specifically the Geophysical Imaging of the Deep EarthShape (GIDES - Grant No. KR 2073/5-1), we aim to image the weathering zone using the geophysical approach. Using the seismic method, we can differentiate different weathered layers based on the seismic velocity while also providing a 2D subsurface image of the critical zone. We conducted a seismic weight drop experiment in the Private Reserve Santa Gracia, Chile, to observe the depth of the weathering zone in a semi-arid climate and compare the resulting model with existing borehole data (Krone et al., 2021; Weckmann et al., 2020). The acquired data can then be used for multiple seismic imaging techniques, including body wave tomography and multichannel analysis of surface waves.
    Description: Other
    Description: The DFG Priority Program 1803 "EarthShape - Earth Surface Shaping by Biota" (2016-2022; https://www.earthshape.net/) explored between scientific disciplines and includes geoscientists and biologists to study from different viewpoints the complex question how microorganisms, animals, and plants influence the shape and development of the Earth’s surface over time scales from the present-day to the young geologic past. All study sites are located in the north-to-south trending Coastal Cordillera mountains of Chile, South America. These sites span from the Atacama Desert in the north to the Araucaria forests approximately 1300 km to the south. The site selection contains a large ecological and climate gradient ranging from very dry to humid climate conditions.
    Keywords: Geophysics ; seismic ; weight drop ; weathering zone ; critical zone ; bedrock ; granite ; passive seismic ; 3C sensor ; EarthShape ; Chile ; Coastal Cordillera ; Private Reserve Santa Gracia ; CONTROLLED_SOURCE_SEISMOLOGY 〉 REFRACTION ; CONTROLLED_SOURCE_SEISMOLOGY 〉 WEIGHT-DROP_SOURCE ; CONTROLLED_SOURCE_SEISMOLOGY 〉 NEAR_SURFACE ; PASSIVE_SEISMIC 〉 STATIONS ; SENSOR 〉 GEOPHONE ; SENSOR 〉 3-C ; LAND ; SEG-Y_DATA_FORMAT ; MINISEED_DATA_FORMAT ; CONTROLLED_SOURCE_SEISMOLOGY 〉 RAW_DATA ; CONTROLLED_SOURCE_SEISMOLOGY 〉 VERTICALLY_STACKED_DATA ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 SEISMIC PROFILE
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  • 31
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    Der Einfluß von Umweltbedingungen auf die Verteilungsmuster von Fischlarven in der Nordsee (2002)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Im Rahmen des Internationalen Heringslarven Surveys im September 1999 wurden vom Institut für Meereskunde in Kiel Planktonproben zur Untersuchung von Verteilungsmustern auf einer Dauerstation östlich der Orkney-Inseln in der Nordsee genommen. Dabei kamen zwei Geräte zum Einsatz: der Meßhai und der Ichthyoplanktonrekorder (IPR). Anhand der Daten aus den Meßhaifängen wurde die Vertikalverteilung von Heringslarven auf der Dauerstation in Bezug auf die Umweltbedingungen über einen Zeitraum von vier Tagen untersucht. Die Heringslarven zeigten eine deutliche Wanderbewegung in Abhängigkeit der Tageszeit. Am Tage waren die höchsten Larvenkonzentrationen in mittleren und oberflächennahen Wasserschichten zu finden. In der Nacht zeigten kleinere Larven (〈10 mm) und Larven der Größenklasse 15-16mm eine homogenere Verteilung über die Wassersäule. Die größeren Larven (≥16mm) zeigten ein ausgeprägteres Wanderverhalten zwischen Tag und Nacht. Mögliche Gründe für die Verteilungsmuster der Larven werden diskutiert. Anhand der IPR-Daten konnten Verteilungsmuster für Heringslarven und andere Planktonorganismen dargestellt werden. Eine schlüssige Interpretation der Ergebnisse war hier allerdings aufgrund zu geringer Vergleichsauswertungen nicht möglich. Es wurden jedoch Erfahrungen bezüglich der Auswertung der IPR-Daten gesammelt und Möglichkeiten zukünftiger Einsätze diskutiert.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 32
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    Zur Biologie von Ensis directus und Spisula solida (Mollusca:Bivalvia) in den Küstengewässern der östlichen Nordsee (2002)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The area of investigations belongs to the subtidal (7-16 m depth) and is mostly covered by fine sand with spots of coarse sand in between. Based on the sediment distribution, two associations can be differentiated: fine and coarse sands, with smooth transitions (mixed and silty sediments). The species belonging to the different associations correspond with those of earlier investigations (ZIEGELMEIER 1963, STRIPP 1969, RACHOR & GERLACH 1978, ZIEGELMEIER 1978, RA CHOR 1980, SALZWEDEL et al. 1985, 1990, NIERMANN 1991 ), except for the new invader, the bivalve Ensis directus. During this study fluctuations in number of species and individuals could be observed. Diversity and evenness decreased in spring 2001 due to strong recruitment of polychaeta, but mainly of Ensis directus. 23 years after the invasion, Ensis directus is an important member of the sandy subtidal areas which are exposed to currents with a mean abundance of 925 m-2. E. directus does not seem to prefer special habitats. Their locomotion capacity above and within the sediment enables this species to react quickly on bottom disturbances and thus to survive in current exposed habitats. The mussel shows extremely high abundances (1972 respectively 5481 m-2) on fine and silty fine sands. During this study mainly one and two year old razor shells were found, some with a maximum age of 3.5 years. E. directus is an opportunistic species with mass development (MOHLENARDT-SIEGEL et al. 1983), high recruitment(〉 25000 m-2 in July 2001) and strong growth (3.6 mm month-1). Additionally, the mass mortalities (mortality of 77 respectively 84 % year-1) were observed, the reasons for that are not known yet. The interaction between low temperature and limited movement could be responsible for the washing out of the individuals. Since mortality takes place especially in springtime, the reasons could be the depletion after spawning aswell. Spisula solida was found regularly in the investigation area (frequency: 64 %), but in low numbers (mean abundance: 5 m-2). In coarse sand locally higher abundances were found (13 m-2). The surf clam is one of three dominant species (11 %) in this area. Just as E. directus, S. solida is a fast burrowing mussel (KOCK 1995) and therefore adapted to exposed sedimentary habitats. Nevertheless, the abundances in 2000 2001 lie well below values of those of the mid 90ies (MEIXNER 1993, 1994, KOCK 1995). This can also be seen in the decreasing landings of surf clams since the middle of the 90ies. Whether the effects of the ice winter 1995/96 or other reasons are responsible for the disappearance of S. solida, remains unclear. In the investigation area mainly small individuals were found (mean length: 9,7 mm). Due to the low figures in the sample neither growth rate nor recruitment or structure of the stock could be studied. The study shows the gap between the stocks of E. directus and S. solida, as well as fishery in the North Sea. Various details of the species biology remains unclear. Therefore supporting studies are necessary to ensure sustainable fishery.
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    Klassifizierung charakteristischer Eigenschaften von Float-Trajektorien in unterschiedlichen dynamischen Regionen (2002)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Mit der hier vorgestellten Software DANA wurden RAFOS-Daten aus dynamisch und geographisch unterschiedlichen Regionen untersucht. Als Untersuchungskriterien werden Lagrange'sche Zeit- und Langenskalen, mittlere kinetische und Wirbelenergie, Diffusivitat, Wirbelstatistiken und Geschwindigkeitsspektren verwendet. Zerlegt man die gemessene Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in Mittel und Fluktuation gemafl u = u+u', so wird die mittlere Zirkulation offensichtlich durch den ersten Term, alle anderen genannten Größen jedoch durch den zweiten Term beschrieben. Der Schwerpunkt liegt also auf der Beschreibung des turbulenten Feldes und insbesondere der Autokorrelation der Geschwindigkeitszeitreihen: Die integrale Zeitskala ist das Integral über die Autokorrelation, das Spektrum ihre Fourier-Transformierte und die Wirbelenergie die Gesamtvarianz. Im Islandbecken bei 1500 und 2600 Meter Tiefe liegt demnach ein aktives Gebiet mit erhöhter Wirbelenergie und Vermischung vor. Es werden Bewegungen auch auf kurzen Zeitskalen und circa doppelt so viele zyklonale wie antizyklonale Wirbel beobachtet, die somit wohl einen wesentlichen Teil zur Energie und Vermischung beitragen. Entlang des Reykjanes-Rückens fließt ein Randstrom, der vom Island-Schottland Overflow gespeist wird; in seinem nördlicheren Teil mäandriert er kaum, während er kurz vor Erreichen der Gibbs-Bruchzone deutlich instabiler wird. Südlich schließt sich das westeuropäische Becken an, das mit Floats in 1750 Meter Tiefe beprobt wurde. Dies liegt in der gleichen Wassermasse, doch es zeigt sich ein deutlich weniger energetisches Gebiet mit insgesamt weniger Wirbelereignissen in Relation zur Gesamtdatenmenge. Entsprechend sind die Zeitskalen auch länger. Im tropischen, westlichen Atlantik östlich der Karibik ist die Bewegung im Niveau des Antarktischen Zwischenwassers bei 780 Meter Tiefe durch großräumige Turbulenz geprägt, wobei die Längen- und Zeitskalen größer sind als bei den hier beschriebenen Messungen aus dem Islandbecken. Am Westrand nehmen die Zeitskalen ab und die Wirbelenergie zu. In einer Tiefe von 1400 Metern im Niveau des oberen Nordatlantischen Tiefenwassers fließt wieder ein westlicher Randstrom längs der Topographie, und im Beckeninnern ist die Bewegung weniger energetisch als in 780 Meter Tiefe. Die Umgebung der Südspitze Afrikas im Zwischenwasser (600-1200 Meter Tiefe) ist durch die hohen kinetischen Energien des Agulhas-Stromes geprägt, der an verschiedenen Orten verschieden stationär ist. Nordwestlich seiner Retroflexion liegt eine Region starker Wirbelaktivität, in der die Rolle der bisher überwiegend diskutierten Agulhas-Ringe zugunsten von zyklonaler Wirbelaktivität modifiziert werden muß. Weiter im Atlantik nehmen die Wirbelenergie rasch ab und die Zeitskalen zu.
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    Effects of environmental and climatic drivers on abyssal macrobenthic infaunal communities from the NE Pacific nodule province (2024)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The macrofauna in soft sediments of the deep seafloor is generally diverse and represents a comparatively well-studied faunal group of deep-sea ecosystems. In the abyss of the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ) in the NE Pacific, macrofauna are major contributors to benthic biodiversity. Their distribution, composition, and diversity have been frequently investigated to assess the potential impacts of future mining activities on the resident fauna. In this study, patterns of densities and community structure of CCFZ macrobenthic infauna and their relationships with a range of environmental and climatic variables were examined, with a special focus on communities from the eastern German contract area (referred to as BGR CA). However, comparisons were also made with other contractor areas (e.g., IFREMER, IOM, GSR) and one Area of Particular Environmental Interest (APEI3). Material for this study was obtained by means of a box corer during six expeditions to the CCFZ between 2013 and 2018 resulting in 148 samples. Our study uncovered notable spatial and temporal variations in both faunal densities and community composition. While areas within the BGR CA exhibited a similar community composition, slight differences were observed between the various CAs and APEI3. Surprisingly, we found an unexpected negative correlation between food availability and both macrofaunal density and community structure that may be attributed to differences in sampling methodologies and pronounced temporal variation. Furthermore, we explored the impact of climatic fluctuations associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on macrofaunal densities, observing an increase during warm (El Niño) events. Our findings underscore the challenges of accurately assessing spatial and temporal variations in the absence of standardised sampling protocols. Hence, we emphasize the importance of adopting standardised protocols to enhance data comparability, thereby fostering a deeper understanding of the underlying factors influencing spatial and temporal changes in macrofauna community structure within the CCFZ.
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    An unsplit perfectly matched layer for second-order heterogeneous time-domain elastic wave equation (2023)
    EAGE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Many geophysical inversion methods rely on simulating wave propagation. With the advent of advanced computing systems and the need for precise forward models for Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) and Reverse Time Migration (RTM) applications, elastic wave modeling has attracted more attention. In order to solve the wave equation, which is a Partial-Differential-Equation (PDE), using numerical methods such as Finite Difference (FD), an absorbing layer is defined at the boundaries of the model to avoid unwanted reflections. In wave simulations, a perfectly matched layer (PML) is a highly effective absorbing layer. In many simulations, applying a second-order equation system is simpler and more practical. Despite its usefulness, extending PML to second-order systems generates some difficulties because the method was originally designed for first-order systems. This paper proposes an unsplit PML implementation for the second-order heterogeneous elastic wave equation by making use of the auxiliary differential equations. This method has a lower computing cost compared to earlier studies and can be easily incorporated into existing codes. Numerical examples indicate the method’s satisfactory performance.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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    Predatory preferences of a non-indigenous crab do not depend on prey invasion scenarios (2024)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Predatory non-indigenous species (NIS) have profound impacts on global ecosystems, potentially leading to native prey extinction and reshaping community dynamics. Among mechanisms potentially mediating predator impacts and prey invasion success are predator preferences between native vs. non-indigenous prey, a topic still underexplored. Using functional response and prey preference experiments, this study focused on the predation by the non-indigenous Japanese brush-clawed shore crab, Hemigrapsus takanoi, between the native gammarid Gammarus duebeni and the analogous non-indigenous Gammarus tigrinus. Although H. takanoi showed subtle differences in its functional response type between the two prey species, its preferences across their environmental frequencies were not strongly influenced by the prey invasion scenario. The findings highlight the need for a comprehensive understanding of interactions in ecosystems with multiple NIS, offering fresh insights into complex feeding interactions within marine environments.
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    The contribution of mesh opening angle to the drag of netting panels (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Highlights • a high-fidelity RANS CFD method is used to simulate the flow through netting panels. • The influence of netting solidity, twine diameter, mesh opening angle and incident angle is examined. • Mesh opening angle, solidity and angle of incidence greatly influence the hydrodynamic force coefficients and efficiency. To ensure the economic and environmental sustainability of the fisheries and aquaculture industries, it is necessary to address issues related to fuel consumption, environmental degradation, and fish welfare. Hence, we need a thorough understanding of the filtration efficiency and the hydrodynamic forces acting on towed fishing gears and netting structures. Here we apply a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) CFD method to model the flow through netting panels, where we vary the operational and design parameters of flow speed, netting solidity, twine diameter, mesh opening angle and the incidence angle of the flow to the panel. Thus, we create a simulated data set which we analyze to provide a fundamental understanding of the functional relationships for the pressure drop and tangential drag coefficients, and the flow deflection in terms of these parameters. We pay particular attention to the effect of mesh opening angle, a parameter that has not received much attention in the literature. We demonstrate that it has a large influence on the drag and lift coefficients and consequently on the hydrodynamic efficiency of netting panels. These results will be particularly useful for reducing the hydrodynamic forces on netting structures and improving the fuel efficiency of towed fishing gear operations.
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    A remnant root of a Neoproterozoic island arc in the Northern Eastern Desert of Egypt: Evidence from the whole-rock and amphibole chemistry of the Gattar gabbro (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 39
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    Biogeo-optical and -chemical characterization of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea for ocean colour satellite remote sensing - Cruise No. AL597 (2023)
    Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: 5 – 25 July 2023, Kiel (Germany) – Tallinn (Estonia) – Kiel (Germany) CYANO-OC
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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    Water masses in the Atlantic Ocean: water mass ages and ventilation (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The distribution of water masses, and the ventilation rates of these, are of significance to the thermohaline circulation and biogeochemistry of the world oceans. The distribution of the main water masses in the Atlantic Ocean is published in a companion study (Liu and Tanhua, 2021), their ages and ventilation time-scales are reported here by using observations of the transient tracers, CFC-12 and SF6. Two different definitions of water mass ages are presented; the mean-age representing an average age of a water mass, and the mode-age that better represents the advective time-scale. In general, ages increase with pressure and along the pathway of a water mass. The central waters in the upper layer obtain the mean-ages of up to ~100 years and the mode-ages of up to ~30 years. In the intermediate layer, the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and the Mediterranean Water (MW) show gradients of water mass ages in the meridional and zonal direction respectively. The AAIW obtains the highest mean-age of ~300 years and mode-age of ~80 years at 30° N, while the MW shows the highest mean-age of ~400 years and mode-age of ~100 years in the equator region. As the dominant water mass in the deep and overflow layer, the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) from high northern latitudes obtains the highest mean-age of ~600 years and mode-age of ~100 years in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) region at 50° S. In the bottom layer, the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) from the Weddell Sea obtains the highest mean-age of ~600 years and mode-age of ~100 years in the equator. As the continuation of AABW, the Northeast Atlantic Bottom Water (NEABW) obtains the highest mean-age of ~800 years and mode-age of ~120 years at 50° N. The mode-age increases with the transport distance from formation area, accompanied by significant differences between the eastern and western basins. The mode-age is used to calculate the oxygen utilization rate (OUR) with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) during the active transport in water masses. The western basin exhibits lower mode-age with higher oxygen (low AOU) due to the better ventilation. The OUR shows similar distribution to dissolved oxygen (DO), indicating higher oxidation rate in the high oxygen region.
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    Investigating the effect of silicate- and calcium-based ocean alkalinity enhancement on diatom silicification (2024)
    Coper
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    The geochemical riddle of “low-salinity gypsum” deposits (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Gypsum makes up about one fifth of giant salt deposits formed by evaporation of seawater throughout Earth’s history. Although thermodynamic calculations and precipitation experiments predict that gypsum precipitates when the salinity of evaporating seawater attains about 110 g kg-1, gypsum deposits of the Mediterranean Salt Giant often bear the geochemical signature of precipitation from less saline water masses. Addressing this geochemical riddle is important because marine gypsum deposition and continental gypsum erosion affect the global carbon cycle. We investigated gypsum deposits formed in the marginal basins of the Mediterranean Sea during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (about 6 million years ago). These often bear low-salinity fluid inclusions and isotopically light crystallization water, confirming previous published reports that the Mediterranean Salt Giant harbors low-salinity gypsum deposits. A geochemical model constrained by fluid inclusion salinity and isotope (87Sr/86Sr, δ34SSO4, δ18OH2O, δDH2O) measurements excludes that Ca2+- and SO42--enriched continental runoff alone provides the trigger for gypsum precipitation at low salinity. We propose that, concurrent with the prevalent evaporative conditions and with Ca2+- and SO42--bearing runoff, the biogeochemical sulfur cycle is capable of producing a spatially-restricted and temporally-transient increase of Ca2+ and SO42- within benthic microbial mats, creating local chemical conditions conductive to gypsum precipitation. This hypothesis is supported by the presence of dense packages of fossils of colorless sulfur bacteria within gypsum in several Mediterranean marginal basins, together with independent geochemical and petrographic evidence for an active biogeochemical sulfur cycle in the same basins. Should this scenario be confirmed, it would expand the range of environments that promote marine gypsum deposition; it would also imply that an additional, biological coupling between the calcium, sulfur and carbon cycles exists.
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    NN-TOC v1: global prediction of total organic carbon in marine sediments using deep neural networks (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Spatial predictions of total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations and stocks are crucial for understanding marine sediments’ role as a significant carbon sink in the global carbon cycle. In this study, we present a geospatial prediction of TOC concentrations and stocks at a 5 x 5 arc minute grid scale, using a deep learning model — a novel machine learning approach based on a new compilation of over 22,000 global TOC measurements and a new set of predictors, such as seafloor lithologies, grain size distribution, and an alpha-chlorophyll satellite data. In our study, we compared the predictions and discuss the limitations from various machine learning methods. Our findings reveal that the neural network approach outperforms methods such as k Nearest Neighbors and random forests, which tend to overfit to the training data, especially in highly heterogeneous and complex geological settings. We provide estimates of mean TOC concentrations and total carbon stock in both continental shelves and deep sea settings across various marine regions and oceans. Our model suggests that the upper 10 cm of oceanic sediments harbors approximately 171 Pg of TOC stock and has a mean TOC concentration of 0.68 %. Furthermore, we introduce a standardized methodology for quantifying predictive uncertainty using Monte Carlo dropout and present a map of information gain, that measures the expected increase in model knowledge achieved through in-situ sampling at specific locations which is pivotal for sampling strategy planning.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    Evidence for Low-Pressure Crustal Anatexis During the Northeast Atlantic Break-up (2024)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: While basaltic volcanism is dominate during rifting and continental breakup, felsic magmatism may also comprise important components of some rift margins. During International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 396 on the continental margin of Norway, a graphite-garnet-cordierite bearing dacitic, pyroclastic unit was recovered within early Eocene sediments on Mimir High (Site U1570), a marginal high on the Vøring transform margin. Here, we present a comprehensive textural, mineralogical, and petrological study of the dacite in order to assess its melting origin and emplacement. The major mineral phases (garnet, cordierite, quartz, plagioclase, alkali feldspar) are hosted in a fresh rhyolitic, highly vesicular, glassy matrix, locally mingled with sediments. The xenocrystic major element chemistry of garnet and cordierite, the presence of zircon inclusions with inherited cores, and thermobarometric calculations all support a crustal metapelite origin. While most magma-rich margin models favor crustal anatexis in the lower crust, thermobarometric calculations performed here show that the dacite was produced at upper-crustal depths (〈 5 kbar) and high temperature (750–800 °C) with up to 3 wt% water content. In situ U-Pb analyses on zircon inclusions give a magmatic age of 54.6 ± 1.1 Ma, revealing the emplacement of the dacite post-dates the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Our results suggest that the opening of the North Atlantic was associated with a phase of low-pressure, high-temperature crustal melting at the onset of the main phase of magmatism.
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    Seismic evidence for possible entrainment of rising plumes by subducting slab induced flow in three subduction zones surrounding the Caribbean Plate (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The dynamic processes associated with subducting tectonic plates and rising plumes of hot material are typically treated separately in dynamical models and seismological studies. However, various types of observations and related models indicate these processes overlap spatially. Here we use precursors to PP and SS reflecting off mantle transition zone discontinuities to map deflections of these discontinuities near three subduction zones surrounding the Caribbean Plate: 1) Lesser Antilles, 2) Middle America and 3) northern South American subduction zones. In all three regions slow seismic anomalies are present behind the sinking slab within the transition zone in tomographic images. Using array methods, we identify precursors and verify their in-plane propagation for MW ≥ 5.8 events occurring between the years 2000 and 2020 by generating a large number of source receiver combinations with reflection points in the area, including crossing ray paths. The measured time lag between PP/SS arrivals and their corresponding precursors on robust stacks are used to measure the depth of the mantle transition zone discontinuities. In all three areas we find evidence for upward deflection of the 660 discontinuity behind the sinking slab, consistent with the presence of hot plume material (average temperature anomalies of 180 to 620 K), while there is not a corresponding downward deflection of the 410 km discontinuity. One interpretation of these disparate observations is suggested based on comparison to existing models of mantle convection and subduction: plume material rising across 660 km discontinuity could be entrained by lateral flow in the transition zone induced by the nearby sinking slab, and thus delaying the rise of hot material across the 410 km discontinuity.
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    Deep ocean hydrographic variability estimated from distributed geodetic sensor arrays off northern Chile (2024)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Observations of spatio-temporal variability of the deep ocean are rare and little is known about occurrence of deep ocean mesoscale dynamics. Here, we make use of 2.5 years of time series data from three distributed sensor arrays, which acquired high-resolution temperature, pressure and sound speed data of the bottom layer offshore northern Chile. Estimating salinity and density from the direct observations enable access to the full spectrum of hydrographic variability from a multi-hourly to annual time scale and with average inter-station distances of less than 1 km. Analyses revealed interannual warming over the continental slope of 0.002 °C yr−1–0.003 °C yr−1, and could trace periodic hydrographic anomalies, likely related to coastal-trapped waves, as far as to the lower continental slope. A concurrent change in the shape of the warm anomalies and the rate of deep-sea warming that occurs with the crossing of the deep-sea trench suggests that the abyssal part of the eastern boundary current system off Chile does not extend past the deep sea trench. Furthermore, the comparison of anomaly timing and shape in between stations implies southwards flow over the mid to lower continental slope, centred closer to the trench.
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    Assessing the impact of CO 2 -equilibrated ocean alkalinity enhancement on microbial metabolic rates in an oligotrophic system (2024)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a negative emissions technology (NET) that shows significant potential for climate change mitigation. By increasing the bicarbonate ion concentration in ocean water, OAE could enhance long-term carbon storage and mitigate ocean acidification. However, the side effects and/or potential co-benefits of OAE on natural planktonic communities remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, a mesocosm experiment was conducted in the oligotrophic waters of Gran Canaria. A CO2-equilibrated total alkalinity (TA) gradient was employed in increments of 300 µmol L−1, ranging from ∼ 2400 to ∼ 4800 µmol L−1. This study represents the first attempt to evaluate the potential impacts of OAE on planktonic communities under natural conditions. The results show that net community production (NCP), gross production (GP), community respiration (CR) rates, and the metabolic balance (GP:CR) did not exhibit a linear response to the whole alkalinity gradient. Instead, significant polynomial and linear regression models were observed for all rates up to ΔTA 1800 µmol L−1, in relation to the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations. Notably, the ΔTA 1500 and 1800 µmol L−1 treatments showed peaks in NCP shifting from a heterotrophic to an autotrophic state, with NCP values of 4 and 8 µmol O2 kg−1 d−1, respectively. These peaks and the optimum curve were also reflected in the nanoplankton abundance, size-fractionated chlorophyll a, and 14C uptake data. Furthermore, abiotic precipitation occurred in the highest treatment after day 21, but no impact on the measured parameters was detected. Overall, a damaging effect of CO2-equilibrated OAE in the range applied here on phytoplankton primary production, community metabolism, and composition could not be inferred. In fact, a potential co-benefit to OAE was observed in the form of the positive curvilinear response to the DIC gradient up to the ΔTA 1800 treatment. Further experimental research at this scale is key to gain a better understanding of the short- and long-term effects of OAE on planktonic communities.
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    Why are oceanic arc basalts Ca-rich and Ni-poor? Insights from olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Kibblewhite Volcano in the Kermadec arc (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Highlights • Ankaramites are Ca-rich and Ni-poor porphyritic basalts that are common in oceanic arcs. • Melt inclusions from Kibblewhite Volcano show similar compositions to ankaramites. • Ankaramite is a primary magma component in oceanic arcs. • Interaction between melt and mantle can produce ankaramitic melts. • Harzburgite formed by melt-mantle interactions is the source of high-Mg andesites. Abstract Ankaramites, which are clinopyroxene-rich basalts with primitive whole-rock compositions (Mg# 〉65), are common in oceanic arcs and are characterized by high whole-rock CaO/Al2O3 (〉1.0) ratios and olivine crystals with anomalously low nickel contents (〈0.2 wt% NiO). These geochemical characteristics cannot be explained by the melting of ordinary mantle peridotite. However, their origin is critical for understanding the formation of primary magmas in oceanic arcs. Here, we investigated olivine-hosted melt inclusions (MIs) from ankaramites and magnesian andesites of the Kibblewhite Volcano in the Kermadec arc. The MIs from the ankaramites have similar major and trace element characteristics to the host rocks, indicating that the ankaramites did not result from an accumulation of mafic minerals but rather represent the primary magma in the Kibblewhite Volcano. The MIs from the magnesian andesites were hosted in forsteritic olivine xenocrysts with a wide range of NiO contents (Fo90–92; 0.13–0.39 wt% NiO) and have similar major element compositions to the ankaramites but exhibit a wide range of CaO/Al2O3 (0.85–1.54). The trace element characteristics of the MIs from the magnesian andesites do not match those of the host rocks, indicating that they are not primary melts of the magnesian andesites but primitive basaltic melts generated before the magnesian andesites formed. Interestingly, the CaO/Al2O3 ratio of MIs from the magnesian andesites was negatively correlated with the NiO content of their host olivines. This correlation suggests that the composition of the primary basaltic magmas of the Kibblewhite Volcano changed continuously from peridotite-derived to ankaramitic. This correlation could not be explained by grain-scale process, crustal anatexis, or contribution of slab-derived carbonate-rich fluids. Instead, we propose that this correlation can be explained by the interaction of the ascending primary basaltic melts with the lithospheric mantle. During melt-mantle interaction, the assimilation of clinopyroxene and fractionation of olivine and orthopyroxene caused the CaO/Al2O3 ratio to increase in the melt and the Ni content to decrease. Furthermore, because the magnesian andesites have low CaO/Al2O3 ratios and could be derived from a clinopyroxene-poor mantle lithology, the interaction between the melt and mantle may also be closely related to the origin of the magnesian andesites at Kibblewhite Volcano. This interpretation provides a new perspective on the origin of the oceanic arc ankaramites and why primary andesitic and basaltic magmas coexist in the Kibblewhite Volcano.
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    Wasserdampfhaushalt über dem BALTEX-Gebiet (2002)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Im Ostseeraum fanden in den letzten 20 Jahren zahlreiche Untersuchungen der Wasserdampfhaushaltskomponenten statt. Dabei wurden aber relativ kurze Zeiträume und zum Teil nur einzelne Komponenten betrachtet. Außerdem beschränkten sich diese Studien häufig auf die Ostsee. In dieser Arbeit wird der atmosphärische Wasserhaushalt für den Zeitraum von 1948 bis 2000 betrachtet. Alle Komponenten werden aus den NCEP/NCAR-Reanalysen für das gesamte BALTEX-Gebiet, also für die Ostsee und ihr Wassereinzugsgebiet, bestimmt. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass der Wasserdampffluss in der Atmosphäre konvergent ist und zu einer mittleren Zunahme des Wasserdampfes von 247 mm/Jahr führt. Der Wasserdampftransport findet überwiegend zonal von Westen nach Osten statt und ist im Südwesten der BALTEX-Region am größten. Nach Osten und nach Norden nimmt der Wasserdampffluss deutlich ab. Eine Aufteilung des totalen Flusses in den mittleren und den turbulenten Fluss zeigt, dass der turbulente Fluss nur etwa ein Fünftel des mittleren Flusses beträgt. Im Gegensatz dazu trägt die Divergenz des turbulenten Flusses sogar zu etwas mehr als 50 % zur Divergenz des totalen Flusses bei. Wie bei den bisherigen Studien übertrifft der mittlere Niederschlag die mittlere Verdunstung um 140 mm/Jahr. Allerdings ist nach den NCEP-Daten über der Ostsee die Verdunstung etwas größer als der Niederschlag. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen Veröffentlichungen und wird durch den geringen Niederschlag über der Ostsee in den NCEP-Daten verursacht. Bei den Verdunstungswerten gibt es dagegen über der Ostsee gute Übereinstimmungen mit den bisherigen Berechnungen. Mit Hilfe einer EOF-Analyse werden die zeitlichen und räumlichen Variationen der Haushaltskomponenten betrachtet. Es zeigt sich, dass die Nordatlantische Oszillation im Winter einen deutlichen Einfluss auf alle Komponenten ausübt. Die Variationen, die dem BALTEX-Gebiet von aussen aufgeprägt werden, sind sehr groß. Die Wasserdampfbilanz ist lokal nicht geschlossen und auch im räumlichen Mittel gibt es eine Abweichung von über 100 mm/Jahr. Eine Fehlerbetrachtung zeigt, dass in allen Haushaltskomponenten der NCEP-Daten, zumindest lokal, erhebliche Fehler auftreten. Eine korrigierte Wasserdampfbilanz, wobei die Divergenz des Wasserdampfbilanz durch Schließung der Massenbilanz korrigiert wird und der Niederschlag durch Beobachtungsdaten aus dem BALTEX-Programm ersetzt wird, ist deutlich besser geschlossen. Insbesondere über der Ostsee ist die Bilanz nahezu ausgeglichen. Immer noch große Fehler gibt es aber weiterhin im Nordwesten des BALTEX-Gebiets.
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    Thank You to Our 2023 Reviewers (2024)
    In:  Tectonics
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The editors of Tectonics would like to offer our sincere thanks to those who reviewed manuscripts for us in 2023. The time reviewers spend reading and commenting on manuscripts helps to ensure that our science is well communicated, clearly documented, appropriately placed in the context of prior work, and effectively archived for future usage. We understand that as one of the AGU journals hosting long format articles, reviewing a manuscript for Tectonics is a considerable time commitment. For this reason, we are particularly grateful to our reviewers for their diligence in helping to provide high-quality, timely reviews. We also appreciate the efforts many reviewers contribute toward advancing open science by evaluating the availability and accessibility of data, which are key objectives of the AGU's FAIR data policy. The 137 papers published in Tectonics in 2023 benefitted from the careful scrutiny and constructive critique drawn from the expertise of 465 reviewers, who provided a total of 652 reviews. We are grateful for this contribution toward producing the high-quality output that has helped Tectonics maintain a prominent position in scientific publishing for decades, and for the spirit of teamwork that makes the peer review process an asset in our community.
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    The Potential Role of Sulfur during Granulite-facies Metamorphism, Oxidation, and Geochemical Transformation of the Granitoid Lower Crust (2024)
    In:  Petrology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The role of S during high-grade metamorphism is a topic that has not garnered much interest in the literature until recently. In this review, the role of S as an active component in high grade hypersaline fluids is reviewed per a series of regional studies involving orthopyroxene-bearing granulite-facies granitoids. These include the Shevaroy Block and Nilgiri Block, southern India; the Bamble Sector, southwest Norway; the Val Strona traverse of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone, northern Italy; and the Lewisian Complex, northwest Scotland. In each these terranes, S-bearing, high-grade, low H2O activity fluids are conjectured to have been present during granulite-facies metamorphism and to have contributed to the dehydration of the rock, the oxidation state of the rock, and trace element mobility, leaving behind pyrite and/or pyrrhotite as traces of its presence. The various mineral equilibria reactions between the various oxidation states of S in these fluids and the oxide and silicate minerals encountered by the fluid are explored and a coherent framework of interdependent chemical reactions are developed, which describe both oxidation of the rock and the formation of pyrite and pyrrhotite during both peak- and post-peak metamorphism.
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    Alteration Mineral Mapping of the Shadan Porphyry Cu-Au Deposit (Iran) Using Airborne Imaging Spectroscopic Data: Implications for Exploration Drilling (2024)
    In:  Economic Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Porphyry copper deposits are associated with large alteration footprints, and alteration mapping plays a key role in the exploration of these deposits. Imaging spectroscopy is commonly deployed for exploration targeting, yet it has rarely been used to map deposit-scale alteration patterns before initiating drilling. To close this gap, the Shadan porphyry Cu-Au deposit was thoroughly studied using the HyMap hyperspectral data (visible near-infrared–short-wave infrared) at 5-m resolution corroborated by rock geochemistry, magnetometry, and laboratory spectroscopy. Shadan is a well-exposed deposit with near-perfect zonation located in the volcanic belts of eastern Iran containing 〉135 Mt of ore at 0.3% Cu and 0.4 g/t Au. Thirteen minerals, including white mica, Al smectite, kaolinite, ferric/ferrous minerals, biotite, actinolite, epidote, chlorite, tourmaline, and jarosite, were mapped by applying the multifeature extraction methodology. The propylitic zone was partitioned into actinolite, epidote, and chlorite subfacies. The compositions of biotite and white mica were observed to become Fe and Al rich, respectively, toward the mineralized zones. The chemistry of actinolite was observed to change from Fe to Mg rich inward, providing a new vectoring tool for porphyry copper exploration. The study provided significant information about fluid-rock interactions and the chemistry of the circulating fluids including the oxidation-reduction states and acidity. By integrating the mineral maps with other data sets using the fuzzy logic method, the promising (ore) zones were identified and used to plan the next-stage drilling. This work demonstrated that imaging spectroscopy can be effectively used to better understand porphyry systems and provide deposit-scale vectors toward the mineralized centers, facilitating drilling.
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    Impact of solar activity on thermospheric mass density response: Observations from GRACE-FO (2024)
    In:  Advances in Space Research
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: High-resolution thermospheric mass density low Earth orbit (LEO)-based measurements are valuable for accurately estimating short-term atmospheric abrupt disturbances triggered by solar flux forcing. To investigate the enhancing status of solar cycle 25 between August 29 and December 31, 2020, we processed Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-on (GRACE-FO) 10-s accelerometer-derived thermospheric mass density (TMD) measurements normalized at 500 km altitude by the NRLMSIS-2.0 empirical model. These 4-month enhancing disturbance observations suggest a shift from relative quiescence to a much more active solar phase, revealing unexpected dependencies on temporal and spatial characteristics. The results indicated that the dominant driver is solar extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) during this ascending phase. Density enhancement was symmetric in both hemispheres around the autumn equinox. After the equinox, the neutral density enhancement intensity in the Southern Hemisphere surpasses that in the Northern Hemisphere. Density maxima occurred from high to low latitudes, accompanied by a 2–3 h time lag. The Wygant function was applied to model the response to solar wind geomagnetic field changes and quantify the impact of geomagnetic activities on upper atmosphere density, verifying the time lag of density disturbances. All these findings could potentially improve our understanding of the solar cycle and LEO orbital drag.
    Language: English
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    REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL MODELLING OF SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES OVER PETROLEUM ACCUMULATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF THE ALBORZ OILFIELD, CENTRAL IRAN (2024)
    In:  Journal of Petroleum Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Petroleum accumulations may coincide with either positive or negative temperature anomalies, which are conventionally detected using in situ temperature measurements made in shallow boreholes 1-3 m deep. Data gathered in this way, however, can be sparse and costly, and may require intensive fieldwork over a long time period. This article explores the possibility of detecting thermal anomalies associated with petroleum entrapment using satellite-derived land surface temperature data. For this aim, a robust correction scheme based on a physically-based land surface model was applied to night-time kinetic temperature data derived from NASA's ASTER instrument. The numerical model, known as SKinTES, attempts to simulate diurnal effects and to remove them from the measured temperature data to yield a residual temperature anomaly map. The performance of this methodology was tested over the Alborz oilfield located on an anticline of the same name in the Qom region of Central Iran. The study area has an arid to semi-arid climate and the surface geology is dominated by outcrops of the Lower Miocene Upper Red Formation. The modelling approach used successfully highlighted several negative temperature anomalies over the oil-bearing parts of the Alborz structure. In comparison to the uncorrected data, the anomalies were shown to be highly enhanced in both spatial and magnitude terms. In addition, time series analysis indicated that the temperature anomalies were consistent over time. The authenticity of the anomalies was confirmed by a suite of in situ temperature measurements made at shallow boreholes. In conclusion, a unifying framework is proposed to explain the occurrence of both negative and positive temperature anomalies over petroleum accumulations. The new modelling and correction scheme is expected to broaden the application of remote sensing land surface temperature data not only in petroleum exploration but also in other types of geothermic investigations including geothermal exploration.
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    Resetting the uraninite geochronometer metasomatically: The role of Na-Ca-F-OH-bearing fluids at 450 and 600°C and 200 MPa (2024)
    In:  Chemical Geology
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Uraninite [UO2] is an increasingly recognized accessory mineral for geochronological studies of the mid to upper crust. Similar to what is seen for zircon and monazite, the U-Pb system of uraninite can become reset under relatively low temperatures in certain domains via the action of fluids through the process of coupled dissolution-reprecipitation. Whether or not the uraninite geochronometer is reset will be dependent on the chemistry of the fluid it interacts with as opposed to being purely dependent on P-T. This makes uraninite a mineral of interest for the dating of low- to mid-temperature, fluid-controlled geological processes. In order to better understand which factors cause the recrystallization and/or metasomatic alteration of uraninite, a set of 5 metasomatism experiments have been performed in cold seal autoclaves on a hydrothermal line involving a natural uraninite from Příbram, Czech Republic and a series of Na-, Ca-, OH-, and F-bearing fluids at 600°C and 200 MPa for 21 days. A second set of the same 5 experiments, to which elemental sulfur was added, were subsequently run at 450°C and 200 MPa for 66 days. Generally, little textural alteration of the starting material was observed in any of the experiments, which was independent of the fluid chemistry and temperature, except for an increase in the apparent porosity of the reacted grains. In the second set of experiments galena formed as small grains in four of the runs, indicating that Pb had migrated out from the uraninite into the solution and reacted with the sulfur to form galena. The excessive depletion of Pb in the metasomatized uraninite to negligible amounts in some of these fluids is especially evident if the solutions were NaF + H2O and 2M NaOH. This suggests that interaction of uraninite with F- or high pH Na-bearing fluids can metasomatically reset the uraninite geochronometer at 450 °C and mid to upper crustal pressures and by analogy to even lower temperatures given sufficient time.
    Language: English
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    Towards an understanding of landslide risk assessment and its economic losses: a scientometric analysis (2024)
    In:  Landslides
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This scientometric analysis significantly advances the understanding of landslide risk assessment and economic losses, focusing on scientometric insights. This study aims at analyzing the global trends and structures of landslide risk and economic loss research from 2002 to 2023 using scientometric techniques such as co-authorship, co-word, co-citation, cluster analysis, and trend topics, among others. Thus, analysis of 92 studies gathered from Scopus and Web of Science databases reveals a continuous growth in environmental, social, and quantitative research topics. Predominant contributions hail mainly from China and Italy. The research identifies critical themes, including risk analysis, vulnerability, fragility, and economic losses. The current identified research combines advanced statistical methods, including logistic regression, with climate change scenarios and susceptibility assessments to reveal intricate connections between climatic shifts, hydrogeological hazards, and their economic and environmental impacts. This study provides researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of the status quo and research trends of ontology research landslide risk and its economic losses. It also promotes further studies in this domain.
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    Raman spectroscopic study of anhydrous and hydrous REE phosphates, oxides, and hydroxides (2024)
    In:  Dalton Transactions
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Rare earth elements (REE) include the lanthanides (La–Lu), Y, and Sc which are critical elements for the green energy transition. The REE show a decrease in ionic radii with increased atomic numbers, which results in a so-called lanthanide contraction systematically affecting crystal structures and mineral properties. Here we present a compilation of reference Raman spectra of ten REE sesquioxides (A-, B- and C-type), five REE hydroxides, eight xenotime-structured REE phosphate endmembers and two solid solutions, seven monazite-structured REE phosphate endmembers and two solid solutions and seven rhabdophane endmembers with up to five Ce1−xLREEx rhabdophane solid solutions (LREE = La–Gd). Raman mode assignment is based on a detailed literature review summarizing existing analytical work and theoretical calculations and systematic trends observed in this study by analyzing different REE-bearing solids. The wavenumbers of the main REE-O Raman band systematically increase with decreasing ionic radii forming discrete linear trends within isostructural mineral groups, that can be used to estimate the REE-O mode in other solids with known REE-O coordination numbers. Photoluminescence using 266 nm, 532 nm and 633 nm excitation laser wavelengths for REE-bearing oxides, hydroxides, anhydrous and hydrous phosphates is also presented providing a new framework for identifying REE-phases in phosphate-bearing natural mineral deposits.
    Language: English
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    The onset of fluid-induced alteration of fluorapatite in iron oxide-apatite deposits: Insights from fluorapatite and their monazite inclusions at the Heiyingshan iron deposit, Beishan Metallogenic Belt, Northwest China (2024)
    In:  Chemical Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits generally undergo extensive late-stage metasomatic overprinting that modifies the texture and geochemistry of the magnetite, apatite, and other ore-forming minerals. However, the onset of metasomatism in IOA deposits worldwide generally remains poorly constrained. The Heiyingshan IOA deposit is located in the Beishan area of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, NW China. Fluorapatite from this IOA deposit has undergone extensive fluid-aided alteration resulting in the formation of numerous monazite inclusions via a coupled dissolution-reprecipitation process (CDRP) in altered domains of the fluorapatite. Petrographic studies show that these monazite grains are mainly subhedral to anhedral in shape, have a topotaxial relationship with the parent fluorapatite, and co-exist with magnetite, xenotime, and other mineral inclusions. The crystallization age of this monazite constrains the metasomatic activity following the original IOA mineralization. This study presents EMPA and trace element LA-ICP-MS analytical data for fluorapatite and monazite from the Heiyingshan IOA deposit. It also includes in-situ U–Pb isotopic data for unaltered, altered domains of fluorapatite, and monazite. U–Pb data obtained for unaltered fluorapatite, altered fluorapatite and monazite inclusions within altered fluorapatite grains have similar U–Pb ages (∼325 Ma), consistent with the regional Carboniferous volcanic rocks. Furthermore, this study also presents Sr–Nd isotopic data for fluorapatite, the unaltered and altered fluorapatite domains in the Heiyingshan IOA deposit have similar initial Sr isotope ratios, 143Nd/144Nd ratios, and εNd(t) values, with the Sr isotope ratios consistent with the regional Carboniferous volcanic rocks. This implies that magmatism, mineralization, and metasomatism in the Heiyingshan IOA deposit were essentially contemporaneous, the metasomatizing fluids were derived from the evolution of mineralizing fluids. A comparison of the results from Heiyingshan with the available geochronological data from other IOA ore deposits reveals a general consistency in the timing between the mineralization and the metasomatism of IOA deposits due to evolved later-stage fluids. In contrast, dating of monazite metasomatically derived from fluorapatite in some older (e.g., Kiirunavaara) IOA deposits indicates that these IOA deposits appear to have undergone additional episodes of metasomatic alteration during various later geological events after the original IOA mineralization. We suggest that the formation age of monazite inclusions within apatite in IOA deposits should be consistent with the timing of the IOA mineralization, as the original formation and subsequent fluid-aided modification of IOA deposit occur in the same magmatic-hydrothermal event/system. However, some IOA deposits may have undergone additional late episodes of metasomatic events.
    Language: English
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    A novel method for tropospheric delay mapping function vertical modeling (2024)
    In:  Journal of Geodesy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: In high-precision space geodetic techniques data processing, the mapping function (MF) is a key factor in mapping the radio waves from the zenith direction down to the signal incoming direction. Existing MF products, either site-wise Vienna Mapping Function (VMF1 and VMF3) or grid-wise VMF1 and VMF3, are only available at the Earth surface. For overhead areas, height correction is always required, which is becoming increasingly important with growing airborne aircraft activity. In this contribution, we introduce a novel method aimed at providing a large number of MFs to the user in a simple and efficient manner, while minimizing the loss of precision. The approach effectively represents the vertical profile of the MFs from the Earth's surface up to altitudes of 14 km. In addition, the new model corrects for height in the assessment using the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ReAnalysis (ERA5) ray tracing calculations for a global 5° × 5° grid with 54 layers in the vertical direction, a total of 8 azimuths in the plane, and 7 elevation angles, for each day in 2021. Specifically, for both polynomial and exponential model of order 2 and 3, the relative residuals are 〈 0.3% for the hydrostatic delay MF coefficient , and 〈 1% for the wet delay MF coefficient . The precision of the new model on the Earth’s surface is evaluated using site-wise VMF1 and VMF3 GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) products from Technische Universität Wien. The root mean square error of slant hydrostatic delay and slant wet delay at a 3° elevation angle is approximately 4–5 cm and 2–5 cm, respectively.
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    Description of the Dataset “Geophysical Imaging of Deep EarthShape (GIDES): Controlled source seismic Data of Santa Gracia, Chile” (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
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    Global, spatially explicit modelling of zenith wet delay with XGBoost (2024)
    In:  Journal of Geodesy
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Radio signals transmitted by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites experience tropospheric delays. While the hydrostatic part, referred to as zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD) when mapped to the zenith direction, can be analytically modelled with sufficient accuracy, the wet part, referred to as zenith wet delay (ZWD), is much more difficult to determine and needs to be estimated. Thus, there exist several ZWD models which are used for various applications such as positioning and climate research. In this study, we present a data-driven, global model of the spatial ZWD field, based on the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The model takes the geographical location, the time, and a number of meteorological variables (in particular, specific humidity at several pressure levels) as input, and can predict ZWD anywhere on Earth as long as the input features are available. It was trained on ZWDs at 10718 GNSS stations and tested on ZWDs at 2684 GNSS stations for the year 2019. Across all test stations and all observations, the trained model achieved a mean absolute error of 6.1 mm, respectively, a root mean squared error of 8.1 mm. Comparisons of the XGBoost-based ZWD predictions with independently computed ZWDs and baseline models underline the good performance of the proposed model. Moreover, we analysed regional and monthly models, as well as the seasonal behaviour of the ZWD predictions in different climate zones, and found that the global model exhibits a high predictive skill in all regions and across all months of the year.
    Language: English
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    Gaussian Process Regression Hybrid Models for the Top-of-Atmosphere Retrieval of Vegetation Traits Applied to PRISMA and EnMAP Imagery (2024)
    In:  Remote Sensing
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
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    Land potential assessment and trend-analysis using 2000–2021 FAPAR monthly time-series at 250 m spatial resolution (2024)
    In:  PeerJ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The article presents results of using remote sensing images and machine learning to map and assess land potential based on time-series of potential Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) composites. Land potential here refers to the potential vegetation productivity in the hypothetical absence of short–term anthropogenic influence, such as intensive agriculture and urbanization. Knowledge on this ecological land potential could support the assessment of levels of land degradation as well as restoration potentials. Monthly aggregated FAPAR time-series of three percentiles (0.05, 0.50 and 0.95 probability) at 250 m spatial resolution were derived from the 8-day GLASS FAPAR V6 product for 2000–2021 and used to determine long-term trends in FAPAR, as well as to model potential FAPAR in the absence of human pressure. CCa 3 million training points sampled from 12,500 locations across the globe were overlaid with 68 bio-physical variables representing climate, terrain, landform, and vegetation cover, as well as several variables representing human pressure including: population count, cropland intensity, nightlights and a human footprint index. The training points were used in an ensemble machine learning model that stacks three base learners (extremely randomized trees, gradient descended trees and artificial neural network) using a linear regressor as meta-learner. The potential FAPAR was then projected by removing the impact of urbanization and intensive agriculture in the covariate layers. The results of strict cross-validation show that the global distribution of FAPAR can be explained with an R2 of 0.89, with the most important covariates being growing season length, forest cover indicator and annual precipitation. From this model, a global map of potential monthly FAPAR for the recent year (2021) was produced, and used to predict gaps in actual vs. potential FAPAR. The produced global maps of actual vs. potential FAPAR and long-term trends were each spatially matched with stable and transitional land cover classes. The assessment showed large negative FAPAR gaps (actual lower than potential) for classes: urban, needle-leave deciduous trees, and flooded shrub or herbaceous cover, while strong negative FAPAR trends were found for classes: urban, sparse vegetation and rainfed cropland. On the other hand, classes: irrigated or post-flooded cropland, tree cover mixed leaf type, and broad-leave deciduous showed largely positive trends. The framework allows land managers to assess potential land degradation from two aspects: as an actual declining trend in observed FAPAR and as a difference between actual and potential vegetation FAPAR.
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    Inferring global terrestrial carbon fluxes from the synergy of Sentinel 3 & 5P with Gaussian process hybrid models (2024)
    In:  Remote Sensing of Environment
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The ongoing monitoring of terrestrial carbon fluxes (TCF) goes hand in hand with progress in technical capacities, such as the next-generation Earth observation missions of the Copernicus initiative and advanced machine learning algorithms. Proceeding along this line, we present a physically-based data-driven workflow for quantifying gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) at a global scale from the synergy of Copernicus’ Sentinel-3 (S3) Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) and the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P), along with meteorological variables from Copernicus ERA5-Land. Specifically, we created generic hybrid Gaussian process regression (GPR) retrieval models combining S3-OLCI-derived vegetation products with the TROPOMI solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) product to capture global GPP and NPP. First, the GPR algorithms were trained on theoretical simulations through the Soil-Canopy-Observation of Photosynthesis and Energy fluxes (SCOPE) model, with the final retrieval models termed SCOPE-GPR-TCF. Second, the SCOPE-GPR-TCF models were integrated in Google Earth Engine (GEE) and fed with satellite data and products (coming from Sentinel 3 & 5P and ERA5-Land), producing global and regional (Iberian Peninsula) maps at spatial resolutions of 5 km and 300 m during the year 2019. Moderate relative uncertainties in the range between 10%–40% of the GPP and NPP estimates were achieved by the SCOPE-GPR-TCF models. Analysis of the driving variables revealed that the S3-OLCI vegetation products, i.e., leaf area index (LAI), the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR), and SIF provided the highest prediction strengths. Validation of GPP temporal estimates from GPR against partitioned GPP estimates at 113 flux towers located in America and Europe highlighted a good overall consistency at the local scale, with performances varying depending on the site and vegetation type. The highest scores emerged for stations located in croplands, grasslands, deciduous broad-leaf and evergreen needle-leaf forests with top and values above 0.8 and below 2 respectively. Further, benchmarking spatiotemporal analysis revealed a strong intra-annual global correlation against reference products for the same year 2019: (i) Cross-comparison against LPJ-GUESS resulted in modal values of = 0.8 and = 1.93 for GPP. (ii) MOD17A2H GPP and NPP estimations cross-correlated with modal values of 0.94 and 0.92 and of 1.26 and 1.05 , respectively. We conclude that the hybrid models integrated into the GEE cloud-computing platform facilitate streamlining the global mapping of TCF products at efficient processing costs. This is particularly promising in preparation for the upcoming Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) mission, where the SCOPE-GPR-TCF models are foreseen to be customized to 300 m resolution FLEX SIF data streams for high-resolution global productivity monitoring.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 65
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    Pliocene-Pleistocene stable oxygen isotope record of Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi from the North Atlantic (1999)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: McIntyre, Katherine; Ravelo, Ana Christina; Delaney, Margaret Lois (1999): North Atlantic intermediate waters in the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. Paleoceanography, 14(3), 324-335, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998PA900005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: We generated benthic isotope records from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 981 on the Feni drift (2173 m water depth) and from ODP site 983 on the Gardar drift (1983 m water depth) to examine the interaction between North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water (GNAIW) formation from 2.0 to 1.4 Ma. We find NADW at both sites during interglacial periods, and a mix of NADW and Southern Ocean water at the Feini drift during most glacial periods. Prior to 1.7 Ma we find no evidence ofr GNAIW at the Gardar drift site. Instead, glacial Gardar drift delta13C values are as low or lower than values for all other sites in the North Atlantic and reflect continued glacial overflow from the Nordic seas. After 1.7 Ma Gardar drift delta13C values increase and suggest that there was GNAIW at the Gardar drift site during some glacial intervals. Overall, we find that NADW and GNAIW production changed around 1.7 Ma in concert with changes in sea surface temperature and salinity and in the Earth's obliquity cycle.
    Keywords: 162-981; 162-983; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Joides Resolution; Leg162; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 66
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    Ground truthing the Cd/Ca-carbon isotope relationship in foraminifera of the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Seas (1997)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: McIntyre, Katherine; Ravelo, Ana Christina; Delaney, Margaret Lois; Anderson, Linda Davis; Johannessen, Truls (1997): Ground truthing the Cd/Ca-carbon isotope relationship in foraminifera of the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Seas. Marine Geology, 140(1-2), 61-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(97)00004-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: In order to examine whether the paleoceanographic nutrient proxies, d13C and cadmium/calcium in foraminiferal calcite, are well coupled to nutrients in the region of North Atlantic Deep Water formation, we present da ta from two transects of the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Seas. Along Transect A (74.3°N, 18.3°E to 75.0°N, 12.5°W, 15 stations), we measured phosphate and Cd concentrations of modern surface sea water. Along Transect B (64.5°N, 0.7°W to 70.4°N, 18.2°W, 14 stations) we measured Cd/Ca ratios and d13C of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral in core top sediments. Our results indicate that Cd and phosphate both vary with surface water mass and are well correlated along Transect A. Our planktonic foraminiferal d13C data indicate similar nutrient variation with water mass along Transect B. Our Cd/Ca data hint at the same type of nutrient variability, but interpretations are hampered by low values close to the detection limit of this technique and therefore relatively large error bars. We also measured Cd and phosphate concentrations in water depth profiles at three sites along Transect A and the d13C of the benthic foraminifera Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi along Transect B. Modern sea water depth profiles along Transect A have nutrient depletions at the surface and then constant values at depths greater than 100 meters. The d13C of planktonic and benthic foraminifera from Transect B plotted versus depth also reflect surface nutrient depletion and deep nutrient enrichment as seen at Transect A, with a small difference between intermediate and deep waters. Overall we see no evidence for decoupling of Cd/Ca ratio and d13C in foraminiferal calcite from water column nutrient concentrations along these transects in a region of North Atlantic Deep Water formation.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 67
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    Climate proxies of sea-surface temperature, carbon isotopes, and dust flux for the last 800-kyr and the Mid-Brunhes Transition (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Barth, Aaron M; Clark, Peter U; Bill, Nicholas S; He, Feng; Pisias, Nicklas G (2018): Climate evolution across the Mid-Brunhes Transition. Climate of the Past, 14(12), 2071-2087, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-2071-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The Mid-Brunhes Transition (MBT) began ∼430ka with an increase in the amplitude of the 100-kyr climate cycles of the past 800,000 years. The MBT has been identified in ice-core records, which indicate interglaciations became warmer with higher atmospheric CO2 levels after the MBT, and benthic oxygen isotope (δ18O) records, which suggest that post-MBT interglaciations had higher sea levels than pre-MBT interglaciations. It remains unclear, however, whether the MBT was a globally synchronous phenomenon that included other components of the climate system. Here we further characterize changes in the climate system across the MBT through statistical analyses of ice-core and δ18O records as well as sea-surface temperature, benthic carbon isotope, and dust accumulation records. Our results demonstrate that the MBT was a global event with a significant increase in climate variance in most components of the climate system assessed here. However, our results indicate that the onset of high-amplitude variability in temperature, atmospheric CO2, and sea level at ∼430ka was preceded by changes in the carbon cycle, ice sheets, and monsoon strength during MIS 14 and 13.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 68
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    Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of globally distributed benthic stable oxygen isotope records (2005)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lisiecki, Lorraine E; Raymo, Maureen E (2005): A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records. Paleoceanography, 20, PA1003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001071
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: We present a 5.3-Myr stack (the ''LR04'' stack) of benthic d18O records from 57 globally distributed sites aligned by an automated graphic correlation algorithm. This is the first benthic delta18O stack composed of more than three records to extend beyond 850 ka, and we use its improved signal quality to identify 24 new marine isotope stages in the early Pliocene. We also present a new LR04 age model for the Pliocene-Pleistocene derived from tuning the delta18O stack to a simple ice model based on 21 June insolation at 65 N. Stacked sedimentation rates provide additional age model constraints to prevent overtuning. Despite a conservative tuning strategy, the LR04 benthic stack exhibits significant coherency with insolation in the obliquity band throughout the entire 5.3 Myr and in the precession band for more than half of the record. The LR04 stack contains significantly more variance in benthic delta18O than previously published stacks of the late Pleistocene as the result of higher resolution records, a better alignment technique, and a greater percentage of records from the Atlantic. Finally, the relative phases of the stack's 41- and 23-kyr components suggest that the precession component of delta18O from 2.7-1.6 Ma is primarily a deep-water temperature signal and that the phase of d18O precession response changed suddenly at 1.6 Ma.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 69
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    ATLAS Mingulay Reef Complex Macrobenthos and Environmental Data (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The presence-absence data for macrobenthic fauna that has been collected in Mingulay Reef Complex (Scotland, UK) across 79 stations over the years 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The collection of the benthic samples has been carried out using a Van-Veen grab, mainly from hard habitats (e.g. live and dead coral framework). About 60% of the macrofaunal specimens have been identified at species level using high quality taxonomic keys and advice from taxonomy experts. Most common taxonomic groups analysed here are molluscs, polychaetes, arthropods, bryozoans, anthozoans, tunicates and brachiopods. The collection of the specimens is now deposited at the National Museums of Scotland (see the attached excel file for details). The enviromental data contains information about coordinates and environmental settings at stations where macrobenthic samples mentioned above, were collected. The environmental settings that are included in the file refer to the years 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2011. For more information on the environmental variables have a look in Henry et al. 2010 (doi:10.1007/s00338-009-0577-6) and Henry et al. 2013 (doi:10.5194/bg-10-2737-2013). The environmental variables included in the excel file are: type of macrohabitat (i.e. muddy sand, rubble, rock, live coral, dead framework, live & dead framework), depth (m), slope, ruggedness, broad-scale bathymetric position index, fine-scale bathymetric position index, average current speed (m/s), maximum current speed (m/s), northness, eastness, winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (same year), winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (previous year), annual average bottom temperature (same year), annual average bottom salinity (same year). Extraction of bathymetric (depth) and topographic data [slope, aspect, northness, eastness, ruggedness, standardised broad-scale bathymetric position index (BPI; with an inner radius of 1 cell and an outer radius of 5 cells), fine-scale BPI (with an inner radius of 1 cell and an outer radius of 3 cells)] was based on multibeam echosounder data, using the Spatial Analyst and Benthic Terrain Modeler toolboxes in ArcGIS v.10.6.1 Average and maximum current speed values (m/s) were extracted by the ArcGIS v. 10.6.1 Spatial Analyst toolbox using data generated by a high-resolution 3D ocean model created for the MRC by Moreno-Navas et al. (2014). Data for the winter NAOI (DJFM) (Hurrell et al., 2003) were downloaded from the National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research website (climatedataguide.ucar.edu; data accessed on 28/02/2019).
    Keywords: ATLAS; A Trans-Atlantic assessment and deep-water ecosystem-based spatial management plan for Europe; Climate change; continental shelf; coral reefs; Deep sea; iAtlantic; Integrated Assessment of Atlantic Marine Ecosystems in Space and Time; Macrofauna; vulnerable marine ecosystems
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 70
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    Organic and inorganic proxies, and concentration of diatoms from surface sediment PS97/ Sterols preserved in surface sediments PS97/ Diatoms of surface sediments PS97 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the world's largest current system connecting all major ocean basins of the global ocean. Its flow, driven by strong westerly winds, is constricted to its narrowest extent in the Drake Passage, located between South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. Due to the remoteness of the area, harsh weather conditions and strong bottom currents, sediment recovery is difficult and data coverage is still inadequate. Here, we report on the composition of 51 surface sediments collected during the R/V Polarstern PS97 expedition (February-April 2016) across the western and central Drake Passage, from the Chilean/Argentinian continental margin to the South Shetland Islands and the Bransfield Strait (water depth: ∼100-4000 m). We studied microfossils (diatoms), bulk sediment composition and geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, organic carbon, calcium carbonate, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, sterols and photosynthetic pigments), and evaluated how they respond to, and reflect oceanic domains and polar to subpolar frontal systems in this region. Our multi-proxy approach shows a strong relationship between the composition of surface sediments and ocean productivity, terrigenous input, intensity of ocean currents, and ice proximity, clearly differentiating among 4 biogeographical zones. The Subantarctic Zone was characterized by warmer-water diatoms, high carbonate (〉45%) and low organic carbon contents (avg. 0.26%), as well as low concentrations of pigments (avg. 1.75 μg/g) and sterols (avg. 0.90 μg/g). A general N-S transition from carbonate-rich to opal-rich sediment was observed at Drake Passage sites of the Polar Front and Permanently Open Ocean Zone. These sites were characterized by low organic carbon content (0.22%), high relative abundances of heavily silicified diatoms (≥60% Fragilariopsis kerguelensis), and abundant foraminifera at shallower stations. Approaching the Antarctic Peninsula in the Transitional Zone, an increase in the concentrations of pigments and sterols (avg. 2.57 μg/g and 1.44 μg/g, respectively) and a strong decrease in carbonate content was observed. The seasonal Sea-Ice Zone in the southern section of the study area, had the highest contents of biogenic opal (avg. 14.6%) and organic carbon (avg. 0.7%), low carbonate contents (avg. 2.4%), with the occurrence of sea-ice-related diatoms and sterols. In all zones, terrigenous input was detected, although carbon/nitrogen ratios and δ13Corg suggest a predominance of marine-derived organic matter; lower values of δ13Corg occurred south of the Polar Front. The new results presented here constitute a highly valuable reference dataset for the calibration of microfossil and geochemical proxies against observational data and provide a useful regional baseline for future paleo-research.
    Keywords: diatoms; Drake Passage; organic carbon; Photosynthetic pigments; sterols; Surface sediments
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 71
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    Swath sonar multibeam EM122 bathymetry during SONNE cruise SO239 with links to raw data files (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; File format; File name; File size; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MULT; Multiple investigations; SO239; SO239-track; Sonne_2; Swath-mapping system Simrad EM122 (Kongsberg Maritime AS); Uniform resource locator/link to raw data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1120 data points
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  • 72
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    Short- versus long-term responses to changing CO2 in a coastal dinoflagellate bloom (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Tatters, Avery O; Schnetzer, Astrid; Fu, Feixue; Lie, Alle Y A; Caron, David A; Hutchins, David A (2013): Short- versus long-term responses to changing CO2 in a coastal dinoflagellate bloom: implications for interspecific competitive interactions and community structure. Evolution, 67(7), 1879-1891, https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12029
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Increasing pCO2 (partial pressure of CO2 ) in an "acidified" ocean will affect phytoplankton community structure, but manipulation experiments with assemblages briefly acclimated to simulated future conditions may not accurately predict the long-term evolutionary shifts that could affect inter-specific competitive success. We assessed community structure changes in a natural mixed dinoflagellate bloom incubated at three pCO2 levels (230, 433, and 765 ppm) in a short-term experiment (2 weeks). The four dominant species were then isolated from each treatment into clonal cultures, and maintained at all three pCO2 levels for approximately 1 year. Periodically (4, 8, and 12 months), these pCO2 -conditioned clones were recombined into artificial communities, and allowed to compete at their conditioning pCO2 level or at higher and lower levels. The dominant species in these artificial communities of CO2 -conditioned clones differed from those in the original short-term experiment, but individual species relative abundance trends across pCO2 treatments were often similar. Specific growth rates showed no strong evidence for fitness increases attributable to conditioning pCO2 level. Although pCO2 significantly structured our experimental communities, conditioning time and biotic interactions like mixotrophy also had major roles in determining competitive outcomes. New methods of carrying out extended mixed species experiments are needed to accurately predict future long-term phytoplankton community responses to changing pCO2 .
    Keywords: Alexandrium sp.; Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell density; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Coulometric titration; Coulometry; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gonyaulax sp.; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Identification; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; Lingulodinium polyedra; Myzozoa; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH meter; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Prorocentrum micans; Replicate; Salinity; Species; Species interaction; Temperate; Temperature, water; Treatment; Tropical
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5616 data points
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  • 73
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    Dinoflagellate cyst abundances in the benthic nepheloid layer, sediment trap and surface sediments off Figueira da Foz (NW Portugal, Atlantic Iberian margin) (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This dataset includes counts, percentages and concentrations of all dinoflagellate cyst taxa identified in the benthic nephloid layer (BNL), cyst rain and surface sediments collected along a land-sea transect off Figueira da Foz (NW Portugal, Atlantic Iberian margin) during the Hydrographic Institute (IH)-HABWAVE cruise (16th-19th September 2019). Sampling of the dinoflagellate cyst community in the BNL, the water column (sediment trap) and the surface sediments (together with studies of spatio-temporal changes in physical properties) were carried out in order to investigate the dinoflagellate cyst distribution and the factors (physical and biological) affecting it. Water samples for cyst analyses were collected by a rosette firing system associated with the CTD, and the cyst rain using a sediment trap situated above the BNL. They were filtered (40-47 l) on board through a 150µm-nylon mesh sieve onto a 10µm-calibrated stainless steel sieve (Retsch). In the laboratory, cysts were concentrated by centrifugation. Full and empty cysts were counted to investigate whether a reservoir of viable cysts existed in the BNL. Surface sediments were sampled with a Smith McIntyre grab and using Plexiglass tubes (3.6 cm internal diameter) that were inserted in the sediment to recover the top 1-cm layer. Cysts from sediments were concentrated by density separation with sodium polytungstate (2.016 g/ml).
    Keywords: Benthic nepheloid layer; Coastal dynamics; Dinoflagellate cysts; NW portuguese margin; Surface sediments
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 74
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    Lipid biomarkers and oceanographic parameters in surface water and surface sediments in the eastern China marginal seas (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This dataset comprises new data and previously published data on marine lipid biomarkers (brassicasterol, dinosterol, C37 alkenones, and the sum of them [∑PB]) in surface suspended particles at 334 stations from seven cruises between 2010 and 2015, and in surface sediments at 258 stations from eight cruises between 2006 and 2012 in the eastern China marginal seas (ECMS). Of all marine lipid biomarker data, 107 surface suspended particle samples were newly measured, with 227 surface suspended particle samples and 258 sediment samples previously published. We also provide the following oceanographic data, most of which were collected from published results (as described in the publication): sea surface temperature (SST, n = 273, from five cruises in summer of 2010–2015), salinity (n = 273, from five cruises in summer of 2010–2015), nutrient concentrations (dissolved inorganic nitrogen [DIN], dissolved inorganic phosphorus [DIP] and silicate [Si]) (n = 133, from three cruises in summer of 2011 and 2015) and Chl a (chlorophyll a, n = 229, from five cruises in summer of 2010–2014) in the surface water, as well as terrestrial biomarker [∑(C27 + C29 + C31) n-alkanes] contents (n = 226), TOC (total organic carbon content, n = 200), δ13CTOC (stable carbon isotope values for TOC, n=269), and sedimentation rate (n = 220) in surface sediments. Some data were measured using in situ CTD instrument in this study: sea surface temperature and salinity in the East China Sea in June 2010 and July 2013 (n = 54), and Chl a in the Changjiang River Estuary in August 2015 (n = 33). The contents of ∑(C27 + C29 + C31) n-alkanes in the southern Yellow Sea in April 2012 (n = 32) were also newly measured. The surface suspended particle samples were obtained by filtering on Whatman GF/F filters, and the surface sediments were collected by multiple corers or stainless-steel grab samplers. Marine and terrestrial lipid biomarkers were analyzed by gas chromatograph (Agilent 6890N) according to the method in Zhao et al. 2006 (doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.08.022) and Wu et al. 2016 (doi: 10.1002/2015JG003167). The study resulting from this analysis has been published in Frontiers in Marine Science (doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.824181).
    Keywords: Alkenones; Biomarkers; marginal seas; sterol; Surface sediments; surface water
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    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 75
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    Published carbon isotope fractionation (Ɛp) and environmental data for photic zone and surface sediment samples (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: References of the studies in which b has been calculated from Ɛp values from alkenones, together with the coordinates, in-situ and estimated (if in-situ was not available) [CO2]aq, PO43-, SST, PAR and modeled coccolithophore growth rate using the global model [Krumhardt et al., 2017]. Interpolated micropaelontological datasets to the locations of the surface sediment samples: planktonic foraminifera intermediate-surface ratio, relative abundance of Florisphaera profunda and offset in d18O between shallow and deep planktonic foraminifera used in Fig. 8. Calculations of the required growth rate and residuals of the pruned model (CO2aq + size) (Fig. 9).
    Keywords: Arabian_Sea; Area/locality; Bermuda; b - physiological parameter; Carbon dioxide, aquatic; carbon isotope fractionation; Central_Equatorial_Pacific; Coccolithophores; DEPTH, water; East_Equatorial_Pacific; Event label; Florisphaera profunda; Group; growth rate; Growth rate, cell divison per day; Growth rate, required; Isotopic fractionation, during photosynthis; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; North_East_Pacific; Peru_Upwelling_North; Peru_Upwelling_South; Phosphate; photic zone; Phytoplankton; Pruned model (Hernandez-Almeida et al., 2020); Radiation, photosynthetically active; Reference/source; Residual of isotopic fractionation, during photosynthis; Sea surface temperature; Shallow-intermediate planktic foraminifera ratio; SO; South_Atlantic; South_East_Pacific; Sta_Monica; Surface sediments; Type; δ18O gradient, planktic foraminifera
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1432 data points
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  • 76
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    Alkenone- and GDGT-based temperature proxies in surface sediments in the south-eastern Brazilian continental margin (Campos Basin) (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ceccopieri, Milena; Carreira, Renato S; Wagener, Angela L R; Hefter, Jens; Mollenhauer, Gesine (2018): On the application of alkenone- and GDGT-based temperature proxies in the south-eastern Brazilian continental margin. Organic Geochemistry, 126, 43-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.10.009
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The applicability of two organic geochemical proxies (UK'37 based on alkenones and TEXH86 based on glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers) for ocean temperatures was investigated on a regional scale in the SE Brazilian continental margin (Campos Basin) using 53 core-top sediments. In 71% of the samples for UK'37 and 85% for TEXH86, the estimated annual mean sea surface temperature (SST) is comparable to the climatological annual mean data, with deviations within the calibration error. The surface TEXH86 estimates reflects the surface mixed layer, while the depth-integrated (0-200 m) TEXH86 estimates showed better agreement with temperatures at 100-200 mdepth. In addition, the SST-UK'37 results were more consistent (73% of the samples) using a winter calibration rather than an annual mean calibration. This seasonal effect might be ascribed to an increase in the abundance of haptophytes in the region during the winter. Exceptions to these general trends were observed for both proxies as a strong cold bias in reconstructed temperature in a few samples in the southern portion of the studied region, which may be related to (i) a predominant subsurface habitat of Thaumarchaeota combined with enhanced primary production and flux of particles during upwelling and (ii) alkenones being laterally transported from adjacent colder waters. Effects of river input of terrestrially sourced GDGTs on TEXH86 are not evident. Overall, our findings show that UK'37 and TEXH86 are suitable temperature proxies for paleoclimate studies at a regional scale in the SE Brazilian continental margin, but on a local scale the effects of upwelling must be taken in consideration.
    Keywords: A01; A02; A03; A04; A05; A06; A07; A08; A09; A10; A11; A12; Acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Alkenone, per unit mass total organic carbon; Alkenone, unsaturation index UK'37; Alkenone per unit sediment mass; B1; B10; B11; B12; B2; B3; B4; B5; B6; B7; B8; B9; BCM; Box corer, modified; Cabo Frio upwelling system; Campos Basin; Campos Basin Environmental Heterogeneity Project (CENPES/Petrobras); Crenarchaeol, fractional abundance; Crenarchaeol isomer, fractional abundance; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Event label; extracted from the World Ocean Atlas 2013 (WOA13); G03; G04; G05; G07; G08; G09; G10; G11; G12; Gyre; H1; H10; H11; H12; H2; H3; H4; H5; H6; H7; HAB_A01; HAB_A02; HAB_A03; HAB_A04; HAB_A05; HAB_A06; HAB_A07; HAB_A08; HAB_A09; HAB_A10; HAB_A11; HAB_A12; HAB_B1; HAB_B10; HAB_B11; HAB_B12; HAB_B2; HAB_B3; HAB_B4; HAB_B5; HAB_B6; HAB_B7; HAB_B8; HAB_B9; HAB_G03; HAB_G04; HAB_G05; HAB_G07; HAB_G08; HAB_G09; HAB_G10; HAB_G11; HAB_G12; HAB_H1; HAB_H10; HAB_H11; HAB_H12; HAB_H2; HAB_H3; HAB_H4; HAB_H5; HAB_H6; HAB_H7; HAB_I02; HAB_I04; HAB_I05; HAB_I06; HAB_I07; HAB_I08; HAB_I09; HAB_I10; HAB_I11; HAB_I12; HAB10; HAB11; HAB13; HAB5; HAB8; HAB9; Habitats; High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-APCI-MS); I02; I04; I05; I06; I07; I08; I09; I10; I11; I12; Isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, per unit mass total organic carbon; Isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, per unit sediment mass; Miss Emma McCall; Monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Sea surface temperature, annual mean; South Atlantic Ocean; Surface sediments; Tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms; TEXH86; Tricyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; UK'37; van Veen Grab, modified; VGRABM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 745 data points
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  • 77
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    Island of Ireland monthly rainfall series 1711-2016 (IoI_1711) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Murphy, Conor; Broderick, Ciaran; Burt, Timothy P; Curley, Mary; Duffy, Catriona; Hall, Julia; Harrigan, Shaun; Matthews, Tom K R; Macdonald, Neil; McCarthy, Gerard D; McCarthy, Mark P; Mullan, Donal; Noone, Simon; Osborn, Timothy J; Ryan, Ciara; Sweeney, John; Thorne, Peter W; Walsh, Seamus; Wilby, Robert L (2017): A 305-year continuous monthly rainfall series for the Island of Ireland (1711-2016). Climate of the Past Discussions, 14(1), 1-39, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-142
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This dataset provides a continuous monthly rainfall series for the Island of Ireland commencing in January 1711 and running to December 2016. It draws upon diverse sources including weather diaries and early observations. The early record has been quality assured (so far as is possible), through comparison with other long term observational records and climate reconstructions for the regions of the British Irish Isles.
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; Ireland; Is_of_Ireland; Precipitation, monthly total
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3672 data points
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  • 78
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    Unknown
    High-Resolution profiles of stable water isotopes (d18O, dD) analyzed in 2019 and sampled along a snow trench (T15-1) in the 2014/15 field season at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Snow-cores KF13, KF14, KF15, KF16, KF17, KF18, and KF20 continuously analyzed by Continuous Flow Analysis between April and October 2019 at the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, in Bremerhaven, Germany. All cores were sampled along the trench T15-1 in 2014/15, correspond to depths 240-340cm and are 5 meters spaced (relative distance to the starting coordinate). Isotopic measurements were realized by CRDS (Cavity-Ring-Down Spectroscopy, L-2140-i, Picarro Inc.).
    Keywords: Antarctica; ANT-Land_2014/15; AWI_Envi; CFA; CoFiAP; DEPTH, ice/snow; Distance, relative; Event label; High resolution record; Kohnen; Kohnen Station; Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems @ AWI; SNOWC; Snow core; SNOWPACK; T15-1_KF13; T15-1_KF14; T15-1_KF15; T15-1_KF16; T15-1_KF17; T15-1_KF18; T15-1_KF20; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 34349 data points
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  • 79
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    Unknown
    Discrete profiles of stable water isotopes (d18O, dD) measured in 2019 and sampled along a snow trench (T15-1) in the 2014/15 field season at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Discrete samples at 22mm depth-resolution for snow-cores KF13, KF14, KF15, KF16, and 33mm depth-resolution for snow-core KF20, analyzed in 2019 at the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, in Bremerhaven, Germany. All cores were sampled along the trench T15-1 in 2014/15, correspond to depths 240-340cm and are 5 meters spaced (relative distance to the starting coordinate). Isotopic measurements realized by CRDS (Cavity-Ring-Down Spectroscopy, L-2120-i and L-2140-i, Picarro Inc.).
    Keywords: Antarctica; ANT-Land_2014/15; AWI_Envi; Cavity ring-down spectroscopy; CoFiAP; CRDS; DEPTH, ice/snow; discrete samples; Distance, relative; Event label; Kohnen; Kohnen Station; ORDINAL NUMBER; Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems @ AWI; SNOWC; Snow core; SNOWPACK; T15-1_KF13; T15-1_KF14; T15-1_KF15; T15-1_KF16; T15-1_KF20; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 630 data points
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  • 80
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    Unknown
    3D reflection seismic data from Eivissa Channel, western Mediterranean Sea during RRS Charles Darwin cruise CD178 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: 3D reflection seismic data were acquired using the P-Cable system of the National Oceanographic Centre, Southampton, UK during cruise 178 Leg 2 onboard RRS Charles Darwin between the 5th and 8th of April 2006. The responsible PI's was C. Berndt, Southampton Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK. The aim of this cruise was to map submarine landslides on the eastern slopes of the Eivissa Channel, western Mediterranean Sea located between the islands of Ibiza-Formentera and the Spanish mainland. Berndt et al. (2012) used the acquired data to study repeated slope failure linked to fluid migration, while Lafuerza et al. (2012) studied geotechnical aspects of slope stability using this as additional data. Acquisition parameters: The source during seismic acquisition consisted of four 40 in3 Bolt 600B air guns spaced 0.75 m apart and tower at a depth of 1.5 m about 20 m behind the stern of the vessel (Berndt et al., 2012). The air guns are fitted with wave shape kits that emit approximately 10 in3 of air prior to the main volume to reduce the bubble pulse. The air pressure is 2000 psi, and the gun controller triggers the guns to figure every 7 seconds. The data were collected with 11 single-channel analogue streamers that were towed 10 m apart. The seismic cube in the Eivissa Channel covers an area of ca. 14 km2 (ca. 6.4 EW x 2.2 NS km) located at 306091.83 4280497.41; 305951.42 4278353.92; 312321.94 4277936.57 in UTM zone 31N. 3D seismic processing: Data were frequency filtered from 45 to 220 Hz and binned at 10 m bin interval before a Stolt time migration with a migration velocity of 1500 ms-1 was carried out. The resolution of the data is approximately 5-6 m vertically and for the 10 m inline and crossline spacing the horizontal resolution is 10-15 m (Berndt et al., 2012). Seismic data acquisition was performed between 10:05 PM on the 5th of April until 08:30 PM on the 7th of April 2006 (CD178 cruise report). The seismic cube is located at water depths of 550 to 825 m from east to west. Raw data is available here:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.943523.
    Keywords: 3D seismic P-Cable data; Ana Slide; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); CD178; CD178_3D_Ana_Slide; Charles Darwin; Eivissa Channel; File content; geohazards; Geomorphology; Gulf of Cádiz, Atlantic Ocean; HERMIONE; Hotspot Ecosystem Research and Mans Impact On European Seas; Mediterranean; P-Cable; P-Cable 3D Seismic; P-Cable 3D seismic cube; sediment transport; SEIS; Seismic; seismic interpretation; Spain; submarine landslide; tectonic geomorphology; Western Mediterranean; Western Mediterranean Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 81
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    Unknown
    2D reflection seismic data from Eivissa Channel, western Mediterranean Sea during RRS Charles Darwin cruise CD178 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: 3D reflection seismic data were acquired using the P-Cable system of the National Oceanographic Centre, Southampton, UK during cruise 178 Leg 2 onboard RRS Charles Darwin between the 5th and 8th of April 2006. The responsible PI's was C. Berndt, Southampton Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK. The aim of this cruise was to map submarine landslides on the eastern slopes of the Eivissa Channel, western Mediterranean Sea located between the islands of Ibiza-Formentera and the Spanish mainland. Berndt et al. (2012) used the acquired data to study repeated slope failure linked to fluid migration, while Lafuerza et al. (2012) studied geotechnical aspects of slope stability using this as additional data. Acquisition parameters: The source during seismic acquisition consisted of four 40 in3 Bolt 600B air guns spaced 0.75 m apart and tower at a depth of 1.5 m about 20 m behind the stern of the vessel (Berndt et al., 2012). The air guns are fitted with wave shape kits that emit approximately 10 in3 of air prior to the main volume to reduce the bubble pulse. The air pressure is 2000 psi, and the gun controller triggers the guns to figure every 7 seconds. The data were collected with 11 single-channel analogue streamers that were towed 10 m apart. The seismic cube in the Eivissa Channel covers an area of ca. 14 km2 (ca. 6.4 EW x 2.2 NS km) located at 306091.83 4280497.41; 305951.42 4278353.92; 312321.94 4277936.57 in UTM zone 31N. 2D seismic processing: During seismic processing of the 3D dataset significant ghost-artefacts were identified because some of the streamers were towed too deep. This required de-ghosting. Unfortunately, these attempts did not yield improved quality of the 3D seismic data. This was mainly because the 12.5 m streamers were too short for commonly used de-ghosting technique used in the industry. To increase vertical resolution individual 2D profiles were extracted from the raw dataset. Processing steps included frequency bandpass filtering, burst noise attenuation, binning, NMO-correction, stacked, and a Stolt migration with 1520 ms-1 was applied that resulted in higher resolution 2D profiles for 85 lines and 11 streamers (channels).
    Keywords: 3D seismic P-Cable data; Ana Slide; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); CD178; CD178_eivissa_line01; CD178_eivissa_line02; CD178_eivissa_line03; CD178_eivissa_line04; CD178_eivissa_line05; CD178_eivissa_line06; CD178_eivissa_line07; CD178_eivissa_line08; CD178_eivissa_line09; CD178_eivissa_line10; CD178_eivissa_line11; CD178_eivissa_line12; CD178_eivissa_line13; CD178_eivissa_line14; CD178_eivissa_line15; CD178_eivissa_line16; CD178_eivissa_line17; CD178_eivissa_line18; CD178_eivissa_line19; CD178_eivissa_line20; CD178_eivissa_line21; CD178_eivissa_line22; CD178_eivissa_line23; CD178_eivissa_line24; CD178_eivissa_line25; CD178_eivissa_line26; CD178_eivissa_line27; CD178_eivissa_line28; CD178_eivissa_line29; CD178_eivissa_line30; CD178_eivissa_line31; CD178_eivissa_line32; CD178_eivissa_line33; CD178_eivissa_line34; CD178_eivissa_line35; CD178_eivissa_line36; CD178_eivissa_line37; CD178_eivissa_line38; CD178_eivissa_line39; CD178_eivissa_line40; CD178_eivissa_line41; CD178_eivissa_line42; CD178_eivissa_line43; CD178_eivissa_line44; CD178_eivissa_line45; CD178_eivissa_line46; CD178_eivissa_line47; CD178_eivissa_line48; CD178_eivissa_line49; CD178_eivissa_line50; CD178_eivissa_line51; CD178_eivissa_line52; CD178_eivissa_line53; CD178_eivissa_line54; CD178_eivissa_line55; CD178_eivissa_line56; CD178_eivissa_line57; CD178_eivissa_line58; CD178_eivissa_line59; CD178_eivissa_line60; CD178_eivissa_line61; CD178_eivissa_line62; CD178_eivissa_line63; CD178_eivissa_line64; CD178_eivissa_line65; CD178_eivissa_line66; CD178_eivissa_line67; CD178_eivissa_line68; CD178_eivissa_line69; CD178_eivissa_line70; CD178_eivissa_line71; CD178_eivissa_line72; CD178_eivissa_line73; CD178_eivissa_line74; CD178_eivissa_line75; CD178_eivissa_line76; CD178_eivissa_line77; CD178_eivissa_line78; CD178_eivissa_line79; CD178_eivissa_line80; CD178_eivissa_line81; CD178_eivissa_line82; CD178_eivissa_line83; CD178_eivissa_line84; CD178_eivissa_line85; Charles Darwin; Eivissa Channel; Event label; File content; geohazards; Geomorphology; HERMIONE; Hotspot Ecosystem Research and Mans Impact On European Seas; Latitude of event; Latitude of event 2; Longitude of event; Longitude of event 2; Mediterranean; P-Cable; P-Cable 3D seismic cube; sediment transport; seismic interpretation; Seismic reflection profile; SEISREFL; Spain; submarine landslide; tectonic geomorphology; Western Basin; Western Mediterranean; Western Mediterranean Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1884 data points
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  • 82
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    Unknown
    Soil-, fluvial-, plant- and marine derived organic carbon from surface sediments (0-2 cm) from the northern Gulf of Mexico (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This dataset contains the bulk sediment parameters (total organic carbon (TOC), carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N), δ13C), lipid biomarker (branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs), crenarchaeol, long-chain diols, long-chain n-alkanes, alkenones, sterols) and palynological (dinoflagellate cysts, pollen) content of 20 surface sediments (0-2 cm) from the northern Gulf of Mexico, near the Mississippi and Atchafalaya river mouths. Samples were retrieved from three land-sea transects; (1) offshore the Mississippi river, (2) offshore the Atchafalaya river and (3) on the 20 m isobar on the Louisiana shelf, during a research cruise in February 2020. Samples were analysed on their organic carbon composition, which was divided into soil-, fluvial- and plant-derived terrestrial organic carbon, and marine produced organic carbon, to investigate if the composition and quality of the terrestrial carbon had an influence on their dispersal patterns.
    Keywords: 64PE467; 64PE467_20b; 64PE467_20c; 64PE467_20d; 64PE467_20e; 64PE467_20f; 64PE467_80b; 64PE467_A100; 64PE467_A15; 64PE467_A30; 64PE467_A300; 64PE467_A3200; 64PE467_A50; 64PE467_A600; 64PE467_M100; 64PE467_M15; 64PE467_M200; 64PE467_M300; 64PE467_M50; 64PE467_M600; 64PE467_MonSt20; Alkenone, per unit mass total organic carbon; Alkenones; Average chain length; beta-Sitosterol of total sterols; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ia; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, Ib; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIa'; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIb; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIb'; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIc; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIc'; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa; Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, IIIa'; Brassicasterol of total sterols; brGDGTs; C/N; Campesterol of total sterols; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; crenarchaeol; Crenarchaeol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dinocysts; Dinoflagellate cyst, autotrophic; Dinoflagellate cyst, heterotrophic; Dinoflagellate cyst, per unit mass total organic carbon; Dinoflagellate cyst, per unit sediment mass; Dinosterol of total sterols; Elemental Analyzer (Fisions Instruments NA 1500) coupled to a FinniganMat Delta Plus IRMS; Elevation of event; Event label; FC32 1,15; Gas Chromatograph coupled to a Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID, Hewlett Packard 6890 series); Gulf of Mexico; High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS); Latitude of event; Location of event; Long chain diol, C28 1,13-diol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Long chain diol, C28 1,14-diol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Long chain diol, C30 1,13-diol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Long chain diol, C30 1,14-diol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Long chain diol, C30 1,15-diol, per unit mass total organic carbon; Long chain diol, C32 1,15-diol, per unit mass total organic carbon; long-chain diols; Long-chain n-alkanes; Longitude of event; MUC; MultiCorer; organic carbon composition; Pelagia; pollen; Pollen, per unit mass total organic carbon; Pollen, per unit sediment mass; Sample ID; sterols; Sterols, marine, per unit mass total organic carbon; Sterols, terrestrial, per unit mass total organic carbon; Stigmasterol of total sterols; Sum n-alkanes C29-C35, per unit mass total organic carbon; Surface sediments; TOC; δ13C; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 820 data points
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  • 83
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    Lignin concentrations and delta13C of organic matter in surface sediments from the Baltic Sea (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The relative contribution and the composition of terrestrial organic matter were assessed by the analysis of phenolic lignin oxidation products and by the stable isotope composition of organic carbon in surface sediments of the Baltic Sea. For analyses, sub samples of lyophilized, ground and homogenized surface sediment (0-1 cm) material from the collection of surface sediments of the Institut fuer Ostseeforschung Warnemuende were used. Methods Lignin analysis: Between 500 to 2000 mg of dried and homogenised sediment were oxidized at 170°C for 2 h in the presence of 2 mol/L NaOH, CuO, and (NH)4Fe(SO4)2. After centrifugation, the supernatants were acidified to pH 2 with 6 mol/L HCl. The humic acids, which precipitated, were removed by centrifugation. The supernatant was further purified by solid phase extraction. The lignin-derived phenols were sorbed from the acidic solution on C18 material and later eluted with ethyl acetate. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and the phenolic oxidation products were transferred to autosampler vials with methanol that was then removed under a flux of N2. Before analysis by GC/MS, the samples were dissolved in acetonitrile and derivatized with N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamid (BSTFA) for 1 h at room temperature. Thereafter, they were diluted with acetonitrile according to the expected phenol concentrations. One microliter of each sample was injected in splitless mode, and the phenols were separated in a HP 6890 gas chromatograph equipped with a HP5MS column (30 m x 250 micrometer x 0.25 micrometer). The temperature program of the gas chromatograph was 100°C isothermal for 4 min, ramp to 220°C at 4°C min^-1 with a 5-min isothermal period at 120°C, isothermal at 220°C for 3 min, ramp to 300°C at 30°C min^-1, and final isothermal period for 10 min. The transfer line to the mass spectrometer was kept at 325°C throughout the analysis. The HP 5973 mass spectrometer was operated in the EI mode at 70 eV. The ion source temperature was 230°C, and the quadrupole was kept at 150°C. Compounds were quantified by integration of the base ions and by comparison of the peak areas with those of synthetic standards. Before oxidation, ethylvanillin was added as an internal standard for the determination of recovery. To rule out possible transformations of the internal standard during the oxidation step, blanks containing only ethylvanillin and the reagents were also processed. GC-FID analysis of these blanks displayed a single peak with the retention time of ethylvanillin, and there was no evidence of any transformation of ethylvanillin during the oxidation step under the experimental conditions. The internal standard was added at the beginning of the analysis to ensure that the internal standard and the lignin oxidation products have the same history during the entire analysis. On average, 75% of the added ethylvanillin was recovered after the complete analytical procedure; the range of recoveries was from 50% to 105%. Concentrations and delta13C of total organic carbon Approximately 20 mg of the homogenized sample were weighed into tared sample vessels for elemental composition (total carbon, total nitrogen, organic carbon) and for isotope analyses (delta13C of organic carbon). Total carbon was determined in a Carlo Erba/Fisons 1108 Elemental Analyzer after combustion. A second weighed sample split in tared silver foil vessels was treated with 2N HCl to remove inorganic carbon. On this sub-sample, the concentrations of TOC and isotope ratio delta13C of organic carbon (given in permil versus V-PDB) were determined simultaneously in a Carlo Erba/Fisons 1108 Elemental Analyzer connected to an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (Finnigan Delta S). The reference gas was pure CO2 from a cylinder calibrated against carbonate (NBS- 18, 19, 20). The standard deviation for replicate analyses of delta13C was less than 0.2 permil. The original data were corrected for the addition of anthropogenic CO2 (Suess effect) by substracting – 1.48 permil from the measured delta13C values of total organic carbon.
    Keywords: 1; 109; 113; 150; 202; 202750; 202820; 202840; 202880; 213; 22; 220000; 220010; 220020; 220030; 220040; 220050; 220300; 220310; 220320; 220500; 220510; 220520; 220580; 220590; 220620; 220630; 220660; 220670; 220720; 220730; 220770; 220780; 220790; 220800; 220810; 220930; 223510; 223520; 223530; 223540; 223550; 223560; 223570; 223580; 223590; 223600; 223610; 223620; 223630; 223640; 223760; 223770; 223780; 223790; 223800; 223810; 223820; 223830; 223840; 223850; 223860; 223870; 223880; 223890; 223900; 223910; 223920; 223930; 223940; 223950; 223960; 223970; 223980; 223990; 224000; 224010; 224020; 224030; 224040; 224050; 224060; 224070; 224080; 224090; 224100; 224110; 224120; 224130; 224140; 224150; 224160; 224170; 224180; 224190; 224200; 271; 286; 30; 33; 360; 40/95/07; 40/98/07; 40/98/14; 40/98/16; 40/98/16_30; 40/98/16_360; 40/98/18; 40/99/11; 40/99/24; 44/95/05; 44/95/05_10; 44/97/07; 46; 99/98/01; Arhus1; Arhus2; Arhus3; Arhus4; Arhus5; Arhus6; Arkona Basin; Arkona Sea; AU_Arhus1; AU_Arhus2; AU_Arhus3; AU_Arhus4; AU_Arhus5; AU_Arhus6; Baltic Sea; Belt Sea; Bornholm Sea; Breitling; Carbon, organic, total; Danish Straits; delta13C of organic carbon; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; E10; E12; E2; E3; E7; E9; EB-1; Elevation of event; Event label; F-2; Ferulic acid per unit sediment mass; FIMR_EB-1; FIMR_F-2; FIMR_GF-1; FIMR_SL-2S; FIMR_US-5B; Gda?sk Bay; GF-1; Gotland Sea; Gulf of Bothnia; Gulf of Finland; IOW1; IOW109; IOW113; IOW150; IOW202; IOW202750; IOW202820; IOW202840; IOW202880; IOW213; IOW214280-1; IOW22; IOW220000; IOW220010; IOW220020; IOW220030; IOW220040; IOW220050; IOW220300; IOW220310; IOW220320; IOW220500; IOW220510; IOW220520; IOW220580; IOW220590; IOW220620; IOW220630; IOW220660; IOW220670; IOW220720; IOW220730; IOW220770; IOW220780; IOW220790; IOW220800; IOW220810; IOW220930; IOW223510; IOW223520; IOW223530; IOW223540; IOW223550; IOW223560; IOW223570; IOW223580; IOW223590; IOW223600; IOW223610; IOW223620; IOW223630; IOW223640; IOW223760; IOW223770; IOW223780; IOW223790; IOW223800; IOW223810; IOW223820; IOW223830; IOW223840; IOW223850; IOW223860; IOW223870; IOW223880; IOW223890; IOW223900; IOW223910; IOW223920; IOW223930; IOW223940; IOW223950; IOW223960; IOW223970; IOW223980; IOW223990; IOW224000; IOW224010; IOW224020; IOW224030; IOW224040; IOW224050; IOW224060; IOW224070; IOW224080; IOW224090; IOW224100; IOW224110; IOW224120; IOW224130; IOW224140; IOW224150; IOW224160; IOW224170; IOW224180; IOW224190; IOW224200; IOW271; IOW286; IOW33; IOW46; IOWArkonaBasin; IOWE10; IOWE12; IOWE2; IOWE3; IOWE7; IOWE9; IOWNordperd; IOWODAS; IOWRB1; IOWTromperWiek; Kattegatt; Kleines Haff; Latitude of event; lignin alkaline Cu oxidation; Longitude of event; Nordperd; ODAS; Optional event label; PAP40/98/05; p-Coumaric acid per unit sediment mass; Professor Albrecht Penck; RB1; Skagerrak; SL-2S; Suess corrected; Surface sediments; Syringaldehyde per unit sediment mass; Syringic acid per unit sediment mass; Tromper Wiek; US-5B; Vanillic acid per unit sediment mass; Vanillin per unit sediment mass; Vibration corer IOW; VKG; δ13C, total organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1211 data points
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  • 84
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    Mercury and explosive compound 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) in dab (Limanda limanda) caught at munition dumping site Kolberger Heide in the Kiel Bight, Baltic Sea (2022)
    PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Dumped munitions contain various harmful substances which can affect marine biota like fish. One of them is mercury (Hg), included in the common explosive primer. Another is 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), an explosive-metabolite. 251 individual dab (Limanda limanda L.) caught at the dump site Kolberger Heide a and nearby reference sites in 2017 and 2018 were analysed. The table contain individual data on Hg, 4-aminodinitrotoluene, age, length, weight, sex and condition factor.
    Keywords: Age; Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80); B01; Baltic Sea; Code; Condition factor; dab; Date/Time of event; Determined by visual inspection of otholiths; Event label; explosive; fisch; Fresh weight; Fulton's condition factor (K = 100 x somatic weight / length^3); KH_01; KH_02; KH_03; KH_04; KH_05; KH_06; KH_07; KH_08; KH_09; KH_10; KH_11; KH_12; KH_13; Latitude of event; Limanda limanda, bile, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrolouene; Limanda limanda, mercury in biomass, wet mass; Limanda limanda, total length; Limanda limanda, wet mass; Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); Longitude of event; Measured; mercury; munitions; Net; NET; Sex; SG_01; SG_02; SG_03; SG_04; SG_05; SG_06; SG_07; SG_08; SG_09; SG_10; SG_11
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1992 data points
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  • 85
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    Unknown
    Dissolved trace elements (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) measured on water bottle samples from ultra clean CTD/Water sampler-system during POLARSTERN cruise PS100 / GN05 (ARK-XXX/2) (2021)
    PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This dataset contains measured dissolved trace element concentrations (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) of station depth profiles sampled in Fram Strait (North Greenland Sea) during GEOTRACES expedition GN05 (PS100) between 21 July and 1 September 2016. Samples were collected strictly following GEOTRACES guidelines (Cutter et al., 2017; https://www.geotraces.org) and analysed exactly as per Rapp et al., 2017 ( Anal. Chim. Acta; doi:10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.008). Concentrations were intercalibrated with GEOTRACES reference materials SAFe S and GSC (Bruland Research Lab), with exception of dissolved Cd data. Information on the analytical procedure including reference materials and limits of detection can be found in related published manuscripts, the PhD thesis of Stephan Krisch (Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel) or can be obtained from the authors upon request. Table caption: Measured concentrations of dissolved trace elements in Fram Strait sampled during GEOTRACES expedition GN05 (PS100) between 21 July-1 September 2006. Uncertainty is calculated as one standard deviation (1σ, STD) to replicate measurements via ICP-MS. ND = no data. Use of quality flags (QF) according to GEOTRACES policy (https://www.geotraces.org/geotraces-quality-flag-policy/). Plesae note, dissolved Cd data is not quality controlled. Somes samples were pooled (indicated in column "Bottle") from different bottles at one depth; the concentrations reflects the mean and the corresponding uncertainty is calculated as the standard deviation to replicate measurements. Trace metal concentrations at station 24 may show larger variations between different bottles at one specific depth. Because station 24 is located at Dijmphna Sund entrance sill, we associate these discrepancies to the water column's strong lateral and vertical turbulence (see ucCTD physical oceanography data) (e.g. Mortensen et al. 2011, 2013, Carroll et al. 2017) that goes in hand with localized TM aggregation-dissolution and sediment resuspension processes, thus affecting TM fractionation (e.g. Homoky et al. 2012).
    Keywords: Arctic; ARK-XXX/2, GN05; Bottle number; Cadmium, dissolved; Cadmium, dissolved, standard deviation; calculated, 1 sigma; Cobalt, dissolved; Cobalt, dissolved, standard deviation; Copper, dissolved; Copper, dissolved, standard deviation; Cruise/expedition; CTD/Rosette, ultra clean; CTD-UC; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Elevation of event; Event label; Fram Strait; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; GN05; Greenland Sea; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iron, dissolved; Iron, dissolved, standard deviation; Latitude of event; Lead, dissolved; Lead, standard deviation; Longitude of event; Manganese, dissolved; Manganese, dissolved, standard deviation; micronutrients; Nickel, dissolved; Nickel, dissolved, standard deviation; North Greenland Sea; Polarstern; PS100; PS100/013-1; PS100/015-1; PS100/021-1; PS100/028-1; PS100/033-1; PS100/037-1; PS100/042-1; PS100/044-1; PS100/053-2; PS100/056-1; PS100/074-1; PS100/082-1; PS100/090-1; PS100/094-1; PS100/101-1; PS100/102-1; PS100/103-2; PS100/135-1; PS100/165-1; PS100/189-1; PS100/202-1; PS100/214-1; PS100/241-1; PS100/262-1; PS100/274-2; PS100/280-1; PS100/288-1; Quality flag; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Standard deviation, relative; Station label; trace elements; trace metals; Zinc, dissolved; Zinc, dissolved, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16511 data points
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  • 86
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    Unknown
    Morphological measurements of coccoliths from surface samples of R/V SONNE cruise SO95 (2023)
    PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The dataset compiles morphological measurements of coccoliths (Gephyrocapsa spp.) from one sample from the Western Equatorial Pacific. The morphological measurements were applied to evaluate coccolithophore preservation aspects under different dissolution intensities in a laboratory experiment. For the dissolution experiment, we added different amounts of Calgon solution (0, 0.4, 0.8, 2, 4, and 6 ml) in subsamples prepared from one sediment sample (ODP 807A-2H2W57-59 cm). The length, volume, area, and mass were obtained using the C-Calcita software from images taken under a cross-polarized microscope (Zeiss AX10). Thickness and the shape factor ks were calculated. The columns include the sample name, how much Calgon was added into sediment suspension, the number of coccoliths measured per sample, length, mean ks shape factor and standard deviation of mean ks/mean ks.
    Keywords: Calculated after Gerotto et al. (2022); Calculated average/mean values; Coccoliths; Coccoliths, length; Coccoliths, mass; Coccoliths, shape factor; Coccoliths, shape factor, standard deviation; Coccoliths, thickness; Coccoliths, volume; dissolution experiment; Elevation of event; Emiliania huxleyi; Event label; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Giant box corer; GIK17925-2; GIK17930-1; GIK17931-1; GIK17932-1; GIK17934-1; GIK17936-1; GIK17937-1; GIK17938-1; GIK17939-1; GIK17940-1; GIK17941-1; GIK17943-1; GIK17944-1; GIK17945-1; GIK17946-1; GIK17949-1; GIK17951-1; GIK17955-1; GIK17956-1; GIK17957-1; GIK17958-1; GIK17959-1; GIK17960-1; GIK17961-1; GIK17962-1; GIK17963-2; GIK17964-1; GIK17965-1; GKG; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Method/Device of event; MONITOR MONSUN; morphological measurements; SO95; Sonne; South China Sea; Surface sediments
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 196 data points
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  • 87
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    Unknown
    Coccolith dissolution experiment from one sample of ODP Hole 130-807A (2023)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The dataset compiles morphological measurements of coccoliths (Gephyrocapsa spp. and Emiliania huxleyi, 〉2µm) from surface samples of the South China Sea retrieved along a depth gradient (629 – 3809 m) during the R/V Sonne cruises (SO-95). The morphological attributes (length, volume, thickness, and ks shape factor) from the Noelaerhabdaceae group (Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa spp) were applied to evaluate coccolithophore calcification and preservation aspects. The length, volume, area, and mass were obtained using the C-Calcita software from images taken under a cross-polarized microscope (Zeiss AX10). Thickness and the shape factor ks were calculated. The columns include station names, Longitude, Latitude, Depth (m), number of coccoliths measured per sample, mean ks shape factor, thickness, length, volume, mass, and standard deviation of mean ks/mean ks.
    Keywords: 130-807A; Calculated after Gerotto et al. (2022); Calculated average/mean values; Coccoliths; Coccoliths, length; Coccoliths, shape factor; Coccoliths, shape factor, standard deviation; dissolution experiment; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Emiliania huxleyi; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Joides Resolution; Leg130; morphological measurements; Sample code/label; South China Sea; Surface sediments; Treatment: solution; West equatorial Pacific Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 36 data points
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  • 88
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    Unknown
    Temperature records based on TEX86, TEX86OH, %OH, RI-OH, RI-OH', OHC from sediment core Co1010 (2024)
    PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Here, we compile an extensive global surface sediment dataset of OH-isoGDGTs as well as regular isoprenoid GDGTs (isoGDGTs), with both data generated at NIOZ and previously published data from other laboratories. We explore recently developed temperature proxies based on hydroxylated isoprenoid Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (OH-isoGDGTs), such as %OH, RI-OH, RI-OH' and OHC for their potential for reconstructing past temperature changes. The data contains contains temperature records based on TEX86, TEX86OH, %OH, RI-OH, RI-OH', OHC from sediment core Co1010 which was retrived from the Prydez Bay. This dataset is related to the study 'Evaluating isoprenoidal hydroxylated GDGT-based temperature proxies in surface sediments from the global ocean'.
    Keywords: %OH; Acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); AGE; ANT-XXIII/9; Branched and isoprenoid tetraether index; Calculated according to Fietz et al. (2016); Calculated according to Hopmans et al. (2004); De Jonge et al. (2015); Calculated according to Huguet et al. (2013); Calculated according to Lü et al. (2015); Calculated according to Schouten et al. (2002); Co1010; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Crenarchaeol (peak area); Crenarchaeol regio-isomer (peak area); DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Extended tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms with OH-isoGDGTs; Filla Island, Rauer Group, Antarctica; GDGTs; Hydroxide; Hydroxylated acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Hydroxylated dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); hydroxylated GDGTs; Hydroxylated monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); NIOZ_UU; NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University; OH-GDGTs; paleotemperature proxy; Polarstern; PS69; Ring index of hydroxylated tetraethers RI-OH; Ring index of hydroxylated tetraethers RI-OH'; RI-OH; Sample code/label; Sea surface temperature, annual mean; SST, from TEX86H (Kim et al., 2010); SST, from TEXH86, BAYSPAR (BAYesian SPAtially-varying Regression) (Tierney and Tingley, 2014, 2015); Surface sediments; Tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms; Tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms including OH-isoGDGT-0; TEX86; TEX86OH; Tricyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1308 data points
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  • 89
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    Unknown
    The accurately digitized Dun Laoghaire Harbour marigram (sea level) records (1925-1931) (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The case study of Dún Laoghaire Harbour in Ireland from 1925–1931 illustrates the challenges of accurately digitizing marigrams. The methodology involves digitizing the original marigram trace and the underlying grid at the nearest foot interval for each given hour to assess offsets. By subtracting the digitized foot interval from the known foot interval, differences are determined and then subtracted from each hourly trace value. This comparison between the original and adjusted data, where the upper and lower bounds were consistently aligned with the top line thickness during calibration, enhances the accuracy of final sea level data to the 10 mm level per year of data. The accompanying paper outlines the digitization and adjustment methodology, along with the compilation of key metadata. The attached metadata file in the dataset download explains the structure of the dataset, including its levels. The accurately digitized records from 1925 to 1931 can help us understand sea level changes over time.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); Binary Object (Media Type); Dun_Laoghaire; File content; historical data; Ireland; sea level
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10 data points
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  • 90
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    Chemical ICP-AES data of archeological pottery, Wanna, Germany (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This is the measurement data from chemical analysis of archaeological Neolithic pottery using Inductively Coupled Plasma- Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The pottery came from the sites Wanna 1588, 1591, 1592 and 1594 (district of Cuxhaven, Lower Saxony, Germany) and belongs to the cultural group of the Funnel Beaker culture. The measurements are part of the research projects "Preserved in the bog - relics of prehistoric settlement landscapes in the Elbe-Weser triangle" funded by Niedersachsen Vorab and "Pottery traditions as a mirror of social structures of the 5th and 4th millennium BC in northern Central Europe" funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG project number 438036891). The measurements were carried out by OMAC Laboratories Ltd. in Loughrea, Galway, Ireland. A minimum of 0.5 g of sample material was taken from each sherd. The sample material was grinded to a fine powder and solved in a 4-acid solution. These solutions were injected into an excited argon plasma.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Archaeological excavation; Archaeological find number; Archaeological site number; Archaeology; archaeometry; Calcium; Cerium; chemical data; Chromium; Cobalt; Excavation_Wanna_1588; Excavation_Wanna_1591; Excavation_Wanna_1592; Excavation_Wanna_1594; Gallium; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Lanthanum; Magnesium; Manganese; Pottery unit; Sodium; Strontium; Vanadium; Wanna, Cuxhaven, Lower Saxony, Germany
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 195 data points
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  • 91
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    Health status of dab (Limanda limanda) exposed to dumped munition in German coastal waters (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Conventional munition dumped into the North Sea and the Baltic Sea close to the German coastline is corroding. A major concern is that biota, including fish, are negatively affected by toxic explosives leaking into marine environments. With the present study, we investigated fish living in close proximity to munition dumping sites for contamination and for signs of health impairments. The flat fish species common dab (Limanda limanda) was used as a model, since it lives in the vicinity of dumping sites and exhibits minor migratory activity. Various health indicators (body condition factors, externally visible fish diseases, parasites or liver anomalies) were investigated.
    Keywords: Baltic Sea; Borkum; Calculated; CLU355; CLU355_1; CLU355_2; CLU355_3; CLU355_4; CLU364; CLU364_1; CLU364_2; CLU364_3; CLU364_4; CLU367; CLU367_1; CLU367_2; CLU376; CLU376_1; CLU376_3; CLU376_4; CLU376_5; CLU376_6; Clupea; CONMAR; Cruise/expedition; DAM sustainMare - CONMAR: CONcepts for conventional MArine Munition Remediation in the German North and Baltic Sea; DATE/TIME; Demersal fish trawl; DEPTH, water; Determined by visual inspection of otholiths; diseases; Event label; fish health; Fish measuring board; FTRW-D; Gillnet; GN; Haffkrug North; Heligoland West-North-West; Kolberger Heide; Kolberger Heide East; Kolberger Heide West; Langeoog; LATITUDE; Limanda limanda, age; Limanda limanda, condition factor; Limanda limanda, dark melonoma, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, epidermal papilloma, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, fin rot, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, lipoma, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, liver anomalies, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, lymphocystis, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, mass; Limanda limanda, presence/absence of Acanthochondria cornuta; Limanda limanda, presence/absence of Cryptocotyle lingua; Limanda limanda, presence/absence of Lepeophtheirus pectoralis; Limanda limanda, presence/absence of Myxospora; Limanda limanda, presence/absence of Stephanostomum baccatum; Limanda limanda, sex; Limanda limanda, skeletal deformation, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, skin ulceration, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, total length; Limanda limanda, white hyperpigmentation, presence/absence; Limanda limanda, x-cell gill disease, presence/absence; Location; Location ID; LONGITUDE; Norderney North; North Sea; parasites; Pelzerhaken East; Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Protection and sustainable use of marine areas; Scale; Scharhörn reef; Schleimünde North-East; SOL816; SOL816_1; SOL816_2; SOL816_3; SOL816_4; SOL816_5; SOL816_6; SOL816_7; SOL816_8; SOL816_9; Solea (2004); Spiekeroog fairway North; Spiekeroog North; sustainMare; Visual observation; Wangerooge North; Wangerooge North, Minsener Oog; Weser mouth
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9323 data points
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  • 92
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    Grain-distribution of surface sediments in the Argentine basin, R/V METEOR cruises M23-2, M29-2, M46-3 and M49-2 (2024)
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    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: The aim of this study is to better understand the oceanographic processes at the origin of contourite features. The samples were collected during four cruises onboard the R/V METEOR: M23-2 in 1993, M29-2 in 1994, M46-3 in 2000 and M49-2 in 2001. The measurements were performed to complement previous analyses and therefore, not all cores from these cruises have been measured. Grain size analyses were performed on bulk sediment samples with a Beckman Coulter Laser LS 13 320 at MARUM laboratories using Sodium hexametaphosphate as a dispersant.
    Keywords: 1; 12; 13; 15; 16; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; Argentine Basin; Argentine Continental Margin; Argentine Continental Slope; Atlantic Ocean; Beckman Coulter Laser diffraction particle size analyzer LS 13 320; Brazil Basin; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; contourite; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Elevation of event; Event label; GeoB2110-1; GeoB2110-3; GeoB2111-1; GeoB2111-2; GeoB2112-1; GeoB2112-3; GeoB2814-2; GeoB2814-3; GeoB2815-3; GeoB2830-2; GeoB6318-1; GeoB6319-1; GeoB6319-2; GeoB6321-2; GeoB6322-1; GeoB6322-2; GeoB6323-2; GeoB6324-2; GeoB6325-1; GeoB6327-1; GeoB6328-1; GeoB6329-1; GeoB6335-1; GeoB6335-2; GeoB6801-1; GeoB6802-1; GeoB6803-1; GeoB6804-1; GeoB6805-1; GeoB6806-1; GeoB6807-1; GeoB6808-1; GeoB6812-1; GeoB6813-1; GeoB6815-1; GeoB6816-1; grain size distribution; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M23/2; M29/2; M46/3; M49/2; MARUM; Meteor (1986); MUC; MultiCorer; Santos Plateau; Size fraction 0.044-0.04 µm; Size fraction 0.048-0.044 µm; Size fraction 0.053-0.048 µm; Size fraction 0.058-0.053 µm; Size fraction 0.064-0.058 µm; Size fraction 0.07-0.064 µm; Size fraction 0.077-0.07 µm; Size fraction 0.084-0.077 µm; Size fraction 0.093-0.084 µm; Size fraction 0.102-0.093 µm; Size fraction 0.112-0.102 µm; Size fraction 0.123-0.112 µm; Size fraction 0.134-0.123 µm; Size fraction 0.148-0.134 µm; Size fraction 0.162-0.148 µm; Size fraction 0.178-0.162 µm; Size fraction 0.195-0.178 µm; Size fraction 0.214-0.195 µm; Size fraction 0.235-0.214 µm; Size fraction 0.258-0.235 µm; Size fraction 0.284-0.258 µm; Size fraction 0.311-0.284 µm; Size fraction 0.342-0.311 µm; Size fraction 0.375-0.342 µm; Size fraction 0.412-0.375 µm; Size fraction 0.452-0.412 µm; Size fraction 0.496-0.452 µm; Size fraction 0.545-0.496 µm; Size fraction 0.598-0.545 µm; Size fraction 0.657-0.598 µm; Size fraction 0.721-0.657 µm; Size fraction 0.791-0.721 µm; Size fraction 0.869-0.791 µm; Size fraction 0.953-0.869 µm; Size fraction 1.047-0.954 µm; Size fraction 1.149-1.047 µm; Size fraction 1.261-1.149 µm; Size fraction 1.385-1.261 µm; Size fraction 1.520-1.385 µm; Size fraction 1.669-1.520 µm; Size fraction 1.832-1.669 µm; Size fraction 10.78-9.819 µm; Size fraction 101.1-92.1 µm; Size fraction 1041-948.3 µm; Size fraction 11.83-10.78 µm; Size fraction 111-101.1 µm; Size fraction 1143-1041 µm; Size fraction 12.99-11.83 µm; Size fraction 121.8-111 µm; Size fraction 1255-1143 µm; Size fraction 133.7-121.8 µm; Size fraction 1377-1255 µm; Size fraction 14.26-12.99 µm; Size fraction 146.8-133.7 µm; Size fraction 15.65-14.26 µm; Size fraction 1512-1377 µm; Size fraction 161.2-146.8 µm; Size fraction 1660-1512 µm; Size fraction 17.18-15.65 µm; Size fraction 176.9-161.2 µm; Size fraction 18.86-17.18 µm; Size fraction 1822-1660 µm; Size fraction 194.2-176.9 µm; Size fraction 2.000-1.822 mm; Size fraction 2.010-1.832 µm; Size fraction 2.208-2.011 µm; Size fraction 2.423-2.208 µm; Size fraction 2.66-2.423 µm; Size fraction 2.92-2.66 µm; Size fraction 20.70-18.86 µm; Size fraction 213.2-194.2 µm; Size fraction 22.73-20.70 µm; Size fraction 234.1-213.2 µm; Size fraction 24.95-22.73 µm; Size fraction 256.9-234.1 µm; Size fraction 27.38-24.95 µm; Size fraction 282.1-256.9 µm; Size fraction 3.206-2.920 µm; Size fraction 3.519-3.206 µm; Size fraction 3.862-3.519 µm; Size fraction 30.07-27.38 µm; Size fraction 309.6-282.1 µm; Size fraction 33.01-30.07 µm; Size fraction 339.9-309.6 µm; Size fraction 36.24-33.01 µm; Size fraction 373.1-339.9 µm; Size fraction 39.77-36.24 µm; Size fraction 4.241-3.862 µm; Size fraction 4.656-4.241 µm; Size fraction 409.6-373.1 µm; Size fraction 43.67-39.78 µm; Size fraction 449.7-409.6 µm; Size fraction 47.94-43.67 µm; Size fraction 493.6-449.7 µm; Size fraction 5.111-4.656 µm; Size fraction 5.611-5.111 µm; Size fraction 52.63-47.94 µm; Size fraction 541.9-493.6 µm; Size fraction 57.77-52.63 µm; Size fraction 594.9-541.9 µm; Size fraction 6.159-5.611 µm; Size fraction 6.761-6.159 µm; Size fraction 63.42-57.77 µm; Size fraction 653.0-594.9 µm; Size fraction 69.62-63.42 µm; Size fraction 7.421-6.761 µm; Size fraction 716.9-653.0 µm; Size fraction 76.43-69.62 µm; Size fraction 786.9-716.9 µm; Size fraction 8.148-7.422 µm; Size fraction 8.944-8.147 µm; Size fraction 83.90-76.43 µm; Size fraction 863.9-786.9 µm; Size fraction 9.819-8.944 µm; Size fraction 92.1-83.9 µm; Size fraction 948.2-863.9 µm; SL; Surface sediments
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4248 data points
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    Seawater carbonate chemistry and total lipids, fatty acid comfposition, and enzyme activities of the tropical-subtropical starfish Aquilonastra yairi (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: This study investigates lipid-associated fatty acids (FAs) and enzyme activities involved in biomineralization of the tropical-subtropical starfish Aquilonastra yairi in response to projected near-future global change. The starfish were acclimatized to two temperature levels (27 °C, 32 °C) crossed with three pCO2 concentrations (455 μatm, 1052 μatm, 2066 μatm). This dataset is included in the OA-ICC data compilation maintained in the framework of the IAEA Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (see https://oa-icc.ipsl.fr). Original data were downloaded from the PANGAEA dataset (see Source). In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2024) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2024-05-20.
    Keywords: 11,14-Eicosadienoic acid, per dry mass; 4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid, per dry mass; 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid, per dry mass; 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, per dry mass; 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, per dry mass; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, per dry mass; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aquilonastra yairi; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calcium adenosine triphosphatase activity; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard error; cis-11-Eicosenoic acid, per dry mass; cis-11-Octadecenoic acid, per dry mass; cis-13-Docosenoic acid, per dry mass; cis-7-Hexadecenoic acid, per dry mass; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, per dry mass; cis-9-Tetradecenoic acid, per dry mass; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Docosanoic acid, per dry mass; Echinodermata; Eicosanoic acid, per dry mass; Extraction of Lipids after Bligh & Dyer (1959); Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Hexadecanoic acid, per dry mass; Individual ID; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Lipids, per dry mass; Magnesium adenosine triphosphatase activity; Multi-parameter portable meter, Xylem Analytics, WTW MultiLine® 3630 IDS; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Octadecanoic acid, per dry mass; Other metabolic rates; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Sample ID; Sampling date/time, experiment; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Spectrophotometric; Spectrophotometry; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Tetracosanoic acid, per dry mass; Tetradecanoic acid, per dry mass; Treatment: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Treatment: temperature; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11483 data points
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  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Spring 2018 time-series measurement of land-fast sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer thicknesses from electromagnetic induction soundings in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Ground-based electromagnetic induction (EM) time-series measurements of land-fast sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer thicknesses were carried out on land-fast sea ice in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica in winter (August 8 to 26 October) and late spring (November 4-18) of 2018. The EM data were acquired using a frequency-domain Geonics Ltd EM31-MK2 instrument mounted on the sea ice surface in winter and a sledge in late spring. The thicknesses of consolidated ice (sea ice plus the snow layer) and the sub-ice platelet layer were simultaneously retrieved from the EM31 measured response (i.e., Apparent Conductivity (AppCond) and Inphase (Inph)) using the forward modelling and inversion methods of Irvin (2018). Temporal variability in EM measured thicknesses detected the seasonal growth of land-fast sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer in winter, and shorter timescale variability related to strong offshore wind events in winter and the tides in late spring (Brett et al., 2024).
    Keywords: Antarctica; Antarctic sea ice; Conductivity, apparent; DATE/TIME; DEEP SOUTH NATIONAL SCIENCE CHALLENGE: Targeted observation and process-informed modelling of Antarctic sea ice; electromagnetic induction; GEM; Ground-based electromagnetic induction; ice-ocean interaction; ice thickness; In-phase component; McMurdoSound_2018spring; Sea ice thickness; Sub-ice platelet layer; Sub-ice platelet-layer thickness; Temperature, air; Temperature sensor, Campbell Scientific; TOPIMASI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1035 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Winter 2018 time-series measurement of land-fast sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer thicknesses from electromagnetic induction soundings in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Ground-based electromagnetic induction (EM) time-series measurements of land-fast sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer thicknesses were carried out on land-fast sea ice in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica in winter (August 8 to 26 October) and late spring (November 4-18) of 2018. The EM data were acquired using a frequency-domain Geonics Ltd EM31-MK2 instrument mounted on the sea ice surface in winter and a sledge in late spring. The thicknesses of consolidated ice (sea ice plus the snow layer) and the sub-ice platelet layer were simultaneously retrieved from the EM31 measured response (i.e., Apparent Conductivity (AppCond) and Inphase (Inph)) using the forward modelling and inversion methods of Irvin (2018). Temporal variability in EM measured thicknesses detected the seasonal growth of land-fast sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer in winter, and shorter timescale variability related to strong offshore wind events in winter and the tides in late spring (Brett et al., 2024).
    Keywords: Antarctica; Antarctic sea ice; Conductivity, apparent; DATE/TIME; DEEP SOUTH NATIONAL SCIENCE CHALLENGE: Targeted observation and process-informed modelling of Antarctic sea ice; electromagnetic induction; GEM; Ground-based electromagnetic induction; ice-ocean interaction; ice thickness; In-phase component; McMurdoSound_2018winter; Sea ice thickness; Sub-ice platelet layer; Sub-ice platelet-layer thickness; Temperature, air; Temperature sensor, Campbell Scientific; TOPIMASI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6815 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    OHGDGT global surface sediment data (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Here, we compile an extensive global surface sediment dataset of OH-isoGDGTs as well as regular isoprenoid GDGTs (isoGDGTs), with both data generated at NIOZ and previously published data from other laboratories. We explore recently developed temperature proxies based on hydroxylated isoprenoid Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (OH-isoGDGTs), such as %OH, RI-OH, RI-OH' and OHC for their potential for reconstructing past temperature changes. The data contains surface sediment data from the global ocean used in the study 'Evaluating isoprenoidal hydroxylated GDGT-based temperature proxies in surface sediments from the global ocean'. The excel sheet contains information regarding the surface sediments, their location, enivironmental parameters from each location extracted from WOA database, peak area of iso-GDGTs and OH-isoGDGTs, proxy indices discussed in the study and references for previously published data.
    Keywords: %OH; 1_MC4; 10_G2_S1; 11_MC4; 13M0-1_surface; 13M1a-2_surface; 2_MC7; 291; 293; 298; 313; 320; 3A_MC1; 4_MC6; 408_2.2; 418_12/3_0-1F; 418_12/3_0-1G; 418_2_0-1K; 418_2_0-1L; 418_2_ufs; 418_4_0-1H; 418_4_0-1I; 5_MC3; 55-14-2; 55-17-2; 55-18-2; 55-23-2; 55-25-2; 55-27-2; 55-30-2; 55-34-2; 55-36-2; 55-44-2; 55-46-2; 55-47-2; 6_MC2; 64PE275-30-2; 64PE275-3-10; 64PE275-6-1; 64PE275-9; 64PE275-9-1; 64PE320; 64PE409-41_BC; 64PE409-53_BC; 7_MC7; 8_MC1; 9_G3_S1; Acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Amazon Basin; Amazon Shelf; Amundsen Sea; Analytical method; Antarctic; ANT-XXIII/4; ANT-XXVI/2; ANT-XXXI/3; ANT-XXXII/3; ANT-XXXIII/2; Arabian Sea; Arctic; Arctic_01; Arctic_02; Arctic_03; Arctic_04; Arctic_05; Arctic_06; Arctic_07; Arctic_08; Arctic_09; Arctic_10; Arctic_11; Arctic_12; Arctic_13; Arctic_14; Arctic_15; Arctic_16; Arctic_17; Arctic_18; Arctic_19; Arctic_20; Arctic_21; Arctic_22; Arctic Ocean; Australia; Australia_S10; Australia_S5; Australia_S8; Baltic Sea; Baltimore canyon; Barents Sea; BC; Berau_10A; Berau_11A; Berau_11B; Berau_12A; Berau_12B; Berau_13B; Berau_15B; Berau_18A; Berau_1C; Berau_20A; Berau_21A; Berau_21B; Berau_22A; Berau_23B; Berau_23C; Berau_24A; Berau_25B; Berau_26B; Berau_27A; Berau_28A; Berau_29C; Berau_2A; Berau_2B; Berau_32A; Berau_33A; Berau_34A; Berau_36B; Berau_37C; Berau_38A; Berau_39B; Berau_3A; Berau_40A; Berau_41A; Berau_42A; Berau_43C; Berau_44A; Berau_4B; Berau_8A; Berau_8B; Berau Delta, Indonesia; Black Sea; Bottom grab (Smith-McIntyre); Box corer; Branched and isoprenoid tetraether index; Bransfield Strait; Brazil Basin; BS_01E-27; BS_02E-105; BS_04E-114; BS_05E-564; BS_07E-1288; BS_12; BS_13; BS_14; BS_15; BS_16; BS_17; BS_18; BS_19; BS_20; BS_22; BS_24; BS_25; BS_26; BS_27; BS_28; BS_29; BS_30; BS_303600; BS_31; BS_33; BS_34; BS_349190; BS_349200; BS_35; BS_37; BS_370520; BS_370531; BS_370540; BS_372720; BS_372820; BS_377830; BS_377850; BS_377860; BS_40; BS_41; BS_43; BS_44; BS_45; BS_46; BS_47; BS_49; BS_50; BS_51; BS_52; BS_54; BS_55; BS_56; BS_57; BS_59; BS_61; BS_63; BS_64; BS_65; BS_66; BS2_Arkona_basin; BS3; BS4_Gotland_deep; BS5_Gotland_deep; BS625; BS627; BS629; BS631; BS633; BS635; BS639; BS643; BS645; BS647; BS649; BS651; BS653; BS655; BS657; BS659; BS661; BS665; BS667; BS669; BS671; BS673; BS675; BS677; BS679; BS681; BS690; BS692; BY31; BY310; BY5_Bornholm; Calculated according to Fietz et al. (2016); Calculated according to Hopmans et al. (2004); De Jonge et al. (2015); Calculated according to Huguet et al. (2013); Calculated according to Lü et al. (2015); Calculated according to Schouten et al. (2002); Cariaco_Basin; Cariaco Basin; CB2_MC19; Central_South_Atlantic; Central South Atlantic; Chilean_margin; Chilean margin; CL03-35_BC; Crenarchaeol, fractional abundance; Crenarchaeol (peak area); Crenarchaeol regio-isomer, fractional abundance; Crenarchaeol regio-isomer (peak area); Delta du Rhone; DEPTH, water; Dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); DNT05-22; Dougo_1; Dougo_2; Dougo_3; Dougo_4; Dougo_5; Dougo_6; Dougo_7; Drake Passage; East_China_Sea_01; East_China_Sea_02; East_China_Sea_03; East_China_Sea_04; East_China_Sea_05; East_China_Sea_06; East_China_Sea_07; East_China_Sea_08; East_China_Sea_09; East_China_Sea_10; East_China_Sea_11; East_China_Sea_12; East_China_Sea_13; East_China_Sea_14; East_China_Sea_15; East_China_Sea_16; East_China_Sea_17; East_China_Sea_18; East_China_Sea_19; East_China_Sea_20; East China Sea; Eastern_South_Atlantic; Eastern South Atlantic; Elisabeth Mann Borgese; EMB046; EMB046-10; EMB046-20; Equatorial_Atlantic_1; Equatorial_Atlantic_2; Equatorial_Atlantic_3; Equatorial_Pacific; Equatorial Atlantic; Equatorial Pacific; Estremadura_1; Estremadura_2; Estremadura_3; Estremadura_4; Estremadura_5; Estremadura_6; Estremadura_7; Estremadura_8; Event label; Extended tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms with OH-isoGDGTs; extracted from the World Ocean Atlas 2018 (WOA18); G2-85_7; G2-85_pist; G2-9_box; G2-9_trp; GBG; GC; GDGTs; GeoB10034-3; GeoB2105-3; GeoB2107-5; GeoB2110-1; GeoB2112-1; GeoB2124-1; GeoB2125-2; GeoB2130-1; GeoB2201-1; GeoB2202-5; GeoB2205-4; GeoB2206-1; GeoB2207-2; GeoB2215-8; GeoB2701-4; GeoB2703-7; GeoB2706-6; GeoB2708-5; GeoB2715-1; GeoB2727-1; GeoB2734-2; GeoB2802-2; GeoB2803-1; GeoB2805-1; GeoB2811-1; GeoB2812-3; GeoB2817-3; GeoB2819-2; GeoB2820-1; GeoB2821-2; GeoB2825-3; GeoB2826-1; GeoB2829-3; GeoB2830-1; GeoB6402-9; GeoB6404-3; GeoB6405-8; GeoB6406-1; GeoB6409-2; GeoB6414-1; GeoB6418-3; GeoB6420-2; GeoB6421-1; GeoB6422-5; GeoB6424-2; GeoB6426-2; GeoB6427-1; GeoB6428-3; GeoB6429-1; GeoB8301-5; GeoB8306-1; GeoB8307-5; GeoB8308-2; GeoB8310-1; GeoB8311-1; GeoB8313-1; GeoB8317-1; GeoB8319-1; GeoB8321-1; GeoB8322-1; GeoB8324-1; GeoB8325-1; GeoB8327-1; GeoB8328-1; GeoB8329-1; GeoB8332-3; GeoB8333-1; GeoB8338-1; GeoB8343-1; GeoB9506-3; GeoB9508-4; GeoB9513-5; GeoB9528-1; GeoB9535-5; Giant box corer; Giant box grab; GKG; Gravity corer; Gulf of Cádiz, Atlantic Ocean; Gulf of Mexico; Gulf of St. Lawrence; HB-5; HB-6; HCC_1_0-1A; HCC_1_0-1B; HCC_1_0-1C; HCC_10_0-1A; HCC_10_0-1B; HCC_10_0-1C; HCC_11_0-1C; HCC_12_0-1A; HCC_12_0-1B; HCC_12_0-1C; HCC_13_0-1A; HCC_13_0-1B; HCC_13_0-1C; HCC_14_0-1A; HCC_14_0-1B; HCC_14_0-1C; HCC_16_0-1A; HCC_16_0-1B; HCC_16_0-1C; HCC_17_0-1A; HCC_17_0-1B; HCC_20_0-1A; HCC_20_0-1B; HCC_20_0-1C; HCC_21_0-1A; HCC_21_0-1B; HCC_21_0-1C; HCC_22_0-1A; HCC_22_0-1B; HCC_22_0-1C; HCC_23_0-1A; HCC_23_0-1B; HCC_23_0-1C; HCC_3_0-1A; HCC_3_0-1B; HCC_3_0-1C; HCC_5_0-1A; HCC_5_0-1B; HCC_5_0-1C; HCC_7_0-1A; HCC_7_0-1B; HCC_7_0-1C; HCC_8_0-1A; HCC_8_0-1B; HCC_8_0-1C; HCC_9_0-1A; HCC_9_0-1B; HCC_9_0-1C; HON02-015; Hudson Bay; Hydroxide; Hydroxylated acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Hydroxylated acyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Hydroxylated dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Hydroxylated dicyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); hydroxylated GDGTs; Hydroxylated monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Hydroxylated monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Iberian margin; Indian_Ocean_1; Indian_Ocean_2; Indian Ocean; Kara Sea; KNR_BC_14; KNR_BC_24; KNR_BC_3; KNR_BC_44; KNR_BC_50; KNR_BC_55; KNR_BC_61; KNR_BC_66; KNR_BC_69; KNR_BC_71; KNR_BC_80; KNR_BC_90; KNR_BC17; KNR_MC_28; KNR_MC_39; KS_SS1; KS_SS2; KS_SS4; KS_SS5; KS_SS6; KS_SS7; KS_SS8; KS_SS9; LA07/9; Laboratory; Lance; LATITUDE; LMG0404-16; Location; LOCO_2008_1-2; LOCO_2008_2-1; LOCO_2008_2-2; LOCO_2008_3-1; LOCO_2008_3-2; LOCO_2008_4-1; LOCO_2008_4-2; LOCO_2008_5-1; LOCO_2008_5-2; LOCO_2008_6-1; LOCO_2008_6-2; LONGITUDE; M1_surface; M2_surface; M2001-15_BC; M2003-08; M2003-18_BC; M2004-11_BC; M2005-14_BC; M23/2; M23/3; M29/1; M29/2; M3_surface; M4_surface; M46/4; M5_surface; M57/1; M65/1; M75/1b; Mediterranean; Mediterranean_1; Mediterranean_2; Mediterranean_3; Meteor (1986); Method comment; Mokbaai; Mondego_1; Mondego_2; Mondego_3; Mondego_4; Mondego_5; Monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether, fractional abundance; Monocyclic glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (peak area); Mozambique Channel; MUC; MultiCorer; Multicorer with television; Nathaniel B. Palmer; NBP0003-28; NBP0003-29; NBP0003-30; NBP0107-28; NBP0107-49; NBP0702; NBP0702-15; NBP0702-17; NBP0702-22; NBP0702-3; NBP9507-2; New_Zealand_01; New Zealand; NF2012-182_BC; NF2012-191_BC; NF2012-193_BC; NF2012-30_BC; NF2012-65_BC; NF2012-69_BC; NF2012-84_BC; NiCycle_III_S_1; NiCycle_III_S_2; NiCycle_III_S_3; NiCycle_III_S_4; NiCycle_III_S_5; NiCycle_III_S_6; NIOP_904; NIOP_906; NIOZ_UU; NIOZ89; NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University; Norfolk Canyon; North_Pacific_1; North_Sea_1; North_Sea_10; North_Sea_11; North_Sea_3; North_Sea_4; North_Sea_42; North_Sea_48; North_Sea_5;
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 25177 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Pliocene-Pleistocene stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi from ODP Site 162-981 in the North Atlantic (1999)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Keywords: 162-981; AGE; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Counting 〉150 µm fraction; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Grain size, sieving; Ice rafted debris; Isotope ratio mass spectrometry; Joides Resolution; Leg162; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Size fraction 〉 0.063 mm, sand; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1080 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 98
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    Unknown
    Pliocene-Pleistocene stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi from ODP Site 162-983 in the North Atlantic (1999)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Keywords: 162-983; AGE; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Grain size, sieving; Isotope ratio mass spectrometry; Joides Resolution; Leg162; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Size fraction 〉 0.063 mm, sand; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 873 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 99
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    Unknown
    (Table 1) Cadmium and phosphate data for surface waters in the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Seas (1997)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Keywords: Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), Perkin-Elmer; Cadmium; Cadmium, standard deviation; Comment; CTD; DEPTH, water; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Phosphate; Phosphate, standard deviation; Salinity; Site; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 173 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 100
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    Unknown
    (Table 2) Cd/Ca ratios and delta13C for planktonic and benthic foraminifera in the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Seas (1997)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Keywords: Area/locality; Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), Perkin-Elmer; Cadmium/Calcium ratio; Cadmium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C, standard deviation; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O standard deviation; Comment; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, sediment/rock; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 251; Mass spectrometer VG Prism; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral, δ13C; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral, δ13C standard deviation; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral, δ18O; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral, δ18O standard deviation; Sample amount; Site
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 195 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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