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  • History, 20th Century  (177)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (177)
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • Irkutsk : Ross. Akad. Nauk, Sibirskoe Otd., Inst. Zemnoj Kory
  • 2005-2009  (177)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Steven Chu prepares for power (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalton, Rex -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 15;457(7227):241. doi: 10.1038/457241a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19148062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conservation of Energy Resources/*trends ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Religious belief and the history of science (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goode, Scott -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 10;461(7261):167. doi: 10.1038/461167d.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19741681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; *Religion and Science ; Research Personnel/*history/psychology/standards
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    NOAA chief ready to tackle climate (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalton, Rex -- Witze, Alexandra -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 26;458(7237):396. doi: 10.1038/458396a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19334300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ecosystem ; *Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Leadership ; Marine Biology ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Recession Watch: No time for nationalism (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sunami, Atsushi -- Kurokawa, Kiyoshi -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):960-1. doi: 10.1038/457960a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies in Tokyo. sunami-atsushi@grips.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225502" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Emigrants and Immigrants ; Financing, Government/history ; Foreign Professional Personnel ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; International Cooperation ; Japan ; *Public Policy ; Research/economics/*history/manpower/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Global Darwin: long kept under wraps in Pakistan (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kayani, Saheeb Ahmed -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 24;462(7276):984. doi: 10.1038/462984b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Pakistan ; *Religion and Science ; Science/history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Obituary: Norman E. Borlaug (1914-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Swaminathan, M S -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 15;461(7266):894. doi: 10.1038/461894a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Third Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai 600 113, India. chairman@mssrf.res.in〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19829366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*history ; Breeding/history ; Food Supply/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Plant Diseases/genetics/microbiology ; Triticum/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Science journalism: Too close for comfort (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rensberger, Boyce -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 25;459(7250):1055-6. doi: 10.1038/4591055a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Knight Science Journalism Fellowship programme at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge. boycerensberger@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19553977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Journalism/history/standards/*trends ; Periodicals as Topic ; *Science
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Obituary: Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (1923-2008) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goudsmit, Jaap -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):394. doi: 10.1038/457394a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jaap Goudsmit is in the Research and Development Department of Crucell Holland, PO Box 2048, Leiden, 2301 CA, the Netherlands, and in the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam. j.goudsmit@crucell.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158783" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Nobel Prize ; Prion Diseases/*history/transmission ; Prions/chemistry/*history/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    John Maddox and the Medical Research Council (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gowans, James -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 28;459(7246):506. doi: 10.1038/459506c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19478763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic/history ; Correspondence as Topic/history ; Female ; Great Britain ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Periodicals as Topic/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Property rights (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 26;458(7237):385. doi: 10.1038/458386a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Europe ; *Genes ; *Genetic Testing/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Patents as Topic/history/*legislation & jurisprudence/*statistics & numerical ; data ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Dormant microbes: time to revive some old ideas (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kell, Douglas -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 16;458(7240):831. doi: 10.1038/458831b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19370012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Microbiological Techniques/*history ; Microbiology/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Leading the tributes to editor John Maddox (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davies, David -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 14;459(7244):163. doi: 10.1038/459163a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19444189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Editorial Policies ; History, 20th Century ; Periodicals as Topic/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    John Maddox (1925-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gratzer, Walter -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):983-4. doi: 10.1038/458983a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Editorial Policies ; Great Britain ; History, 20th Century ; Periodicals as Topic/*history ; Physics/history ; Science/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Impact of changes in diffuse radiation on the global land carbon sink (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-28
    Description: Plant photosynthesis tends to increase with irradiance. However, recent theoretical and observational studies have demonstrated that photosynthesis is also more efficient under diffuse light conditions. Changes in cloud cover or atmospheric aerosol loadings, arising from either volcanic or anthropogenic emissions, alter both the total photosynthetically active radiation reaching the surface and the fraction of this radiation that is diffuse, with uncertain overall effects on global plant productivity and the land carbon sink. Here we estimate the impact of variations in diffuse fraction on the land carbon sink using a global model modified to account for the effects of variations in both direct and diffuse radiation on canopy photosynthesis. We estimate that variations in diffuse fraction, associated largely with the 'global dimming' period, enhanced the land carbon sink by approximately one-quarter between 1960 and 1999. However, under a climate mitigation scenario for the twenty-first century in which sulphate aerosols decline before atmospheric CO(2) is stabilized, this 'diffuse-radiation' fertilization effect declines rapidly to near zero by the end of the twenty-first century.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mercado, Lina M -- Bellouin, Nicolas -- Sitch, Stephen -- Boucher, Olivier -- Huntingford, Chris -- Wild, Martin -- Cox, Peter M -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):1014-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07949.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK. lmme@ceh.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aerosols/analysis/chemistry ; Atmosphere/*chemistry ; Carbon/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; *Darkness ; *Ecosystem ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Photosynthesis/*radiation effects ; Plants/metabolism/*radiation effects ; Sulfates/metabolism ; *Sunlight ; Volcanic Eruptions
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Global Darwin: Multicultural mergers (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buchenau, Jurgen -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 19;462(7271):284-5. doi: 10.1038/462284a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of History at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, USA. jbuchenau@uncc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19924194" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Emigration and Immigration ; Europe ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Latin America ; Public Policy/history/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    A safe operating space for humanity (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rockstrom, Johan -- Steffen, Will -- Noone, Kevin -- Persson, Asa -- Chapin, F Stuart 3rd -- Lambin, Eric F -- Lenton, Timothy M -- Scheffer, Marten -- Folke, Carl -- Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim -- Nykvist, Bjorn -- de Wit, Cynthia A -- Hughes, Terry -- van der Leeuw, Sander -- Rodhe, Henning -- Sorlin, Sverker -- Snyder, Peter K -- Costanza, Robert -- Svedin, Uno -- Falkenmark, Malin -- Karlberg, Louise -- Corell, Robert W -- Fabry, Victoria J -- Hansen, James -- Walker, Brian -- Liverman, Diana -- Richardson, Katherine -- Crutzen, Paul -- Foley, Jonathan A -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 24;461(7263):472-5. doi: 10.1038/461472a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kraftriket 2B, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Civilization ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*methods/trends ; *Earth (Planet) ; Ecology/*methods/*trends ; *Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Green Chemistry Technology/*methods/trends ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; *Human Activities/history ; Humans ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Phosphorus/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Patterns of drug use have varied throughout history (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burnap, Don -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):533. doi: 10.1038/457533b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19177110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Enhancement/history ; Cannabinoids/*history ; *Cognition ; Creativity ; Hallucinogens/*history ; Health ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Scientific links with Cuba flourished despite US embargo (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Demain, Arnold L -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):1079. doi: 10.1038/4571079c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19242451" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology/*history ; Congresses as Topic/history ; Cuba ; History, 20th Century ; *International Cooperation ; Politics ; Research Personnel/*history ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Scientists on Turkey's banknotes should inspire young minds (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhdanov, Renad -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):956. doi: 10.1038/457956a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Europe ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Research Personnel/*history ; Science/*history ; Turkey ; Universities/trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Shooting for the moon (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monastersky, Richard -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):314-5. doi: 10.1038/460314a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606113" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronauts/economics/*history/*trends ; Europe ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Moon ; Research Personnel/psychology ; Space Flight/economics/*history/*trends ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/*history/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Global change: China at the carbon crossroads (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gurney, Kevin Robert -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):977-9. doi: 10.1038/458977a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/chemistry ; Carbon/analysis/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; China ; *Ecosystem ; *Fossil Fuels ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Soil/analysis ; Trees/metabolism ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Global Darwin: Contempt for competition (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Todes, Daniel -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 5;462(7269):36-7. doi: 10.1038/462036a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of the History of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University, 1900 East Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. dtodes@jhmi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19890312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biological Science Disciplines/*history ; *Competitive Behavior ; Cooperative Behavior ; *Cultural Diversity ; Food Supply ; Great Britain ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Literature, Modern/history ; Metaphor ; Models, Biological ; Population Density ; Russia ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Culture clash (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 8;457(7226):129-30. doi: 10.1038/457129b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19129800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conflict (Psychology) ; *Cultural Diversity ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Social Sciences/*history ; United States ; Violence ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Human genomics: The genome finishers (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dolgin, Elie -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 17;462(7275):843-5. doi: 10.1038/462843a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20016572" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Human Genome Project/history ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; *Research Personnel ; Research Subjects
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Newsmaker of the year: The power player (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hand, Eric -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 24;462(7276):978-83. doi: 10.1038/462978a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Global Warming ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Nobel Prize ; *Physics ; Policy Making ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Chromosome protection scoops Nobel (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abbott, Alison -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 8;461(7265):706-7. doi: 10.1038/461706a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Aging ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; *Nobel Prize ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Telomerase/genetics/*metabolism ; Telomere/genetics/*metabolism ; Tetrahymena thermophila/genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A publisher's perspective (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Byam Shaw, Nicholas -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):984-5. doi: 10.1038/458984a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Literature, Modern/history ; Periodicals as Topic/history ; Publishing/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    John Holdren: adviser on science, fish and wine (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tollefson, Jeff -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):942-3. doi: 10.1038/457942b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Engineering ; *Federal Government ; Fishes ; *Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Hobbies/history ; Marine Biology ; Physics ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*organization & administration ; Wine
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Maddox by his successor (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Campbell, Philip -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):985-6. doi: 10.1038/458985a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Editorial Policies ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; *Peer Review, Research/methods ; Periodicals as Topic/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Obituary: Claude Levi-Strauss (1908-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuper, Adam -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 17;462(7275):862. doi: 10.1038/462862a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. adam.kuper@googlemail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20016590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anthropology/*history ; Brazil ; France ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Indians, South American
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    John Maddox 1925-2009 (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Campbell, Philip -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 16;458(7240):807. doi: 10.1038/458807a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19378388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Editorial Policies ; History, 20th Century ; Journalism/*history ; Peer Review, Research ; Periodicals as Topic/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Advances in development reverse fertility declines (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-08-08
    Description: During the twentieth century, the global population has gone through unprecedented increases in economic and social development that coincided with substantial declines in human fertility and population growth rates. The negative association of fertility with economic and social development has therefore become one of the most solidly established and generally accepted empirical regularities in the social sciences. As a result of this close connection between development and fertility decline, more than half of the global population now lives in regions with below-replacement fertility (less than 2.1 children per woman). In many highly developed countries, the trend towards low fertility has also been deemed irreversible. Rapid population ageing, and in some cases the prospect of significant population decline, have therefore become a central socioeconomic concern and policy challenge. Here we show, using new cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of the total fertility rate and the human development index (HDI), a fundamental change in the well-established negative relationship between fertility and development as the global population entered the twenty-first century. Although development continues to promote fertility decline at low and medium HDI levels, our analyses show that at advanced HDI levels, further development can reverse the declining trend in fertility. The previously negative development-fertility relationship has become J-shaped, with the HDI being positively associated with fertility among highly developed countries. This reversal of fertility decline as a result of continued economic and social development has the potential to slow the rates of population ageing, thereby ameliorating the social and economic problems that have been associated with the emergence and persistence of very low fertility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myrskyla, Mikko -- Kohler, Hans-Peter -- Billari, Francesco C -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 6;460(7256):741-3. doi: 10.1038/nature08230.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3718 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19661915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Distribution ; *Birth Rate/trends ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Developed Countries/economics/*statistics & numerical data ; Education ; Female ; Fertility/physiology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Income ; Life Expectancy ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Maternal Age ; *Population Growth ; Reproductive Behavior/history/*statistics & numerical data ; Technology/history/statistics & numerical data/trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Former shuttle pilot nominated as NASA head (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hand, Eric -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 28;459(7246):495. doi: 10.1038/459495a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19478752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/*organization & ; administration
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Neuroscience: One hundred years of Rita (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abbott, Alison -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 2;458(7238):564-7. doi: 10.1038/458564a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19340056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes/economics/trends ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Italy ; Nerve Growth Factor/*history ; *Nobel Prize ; Silver Staining/history ; United States ; Women's Rights/history/trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    RNA silencing (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eggleston, Angela K -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):395. doi: 10.1038/457395a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158784" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Gene Knockdown Techniques/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics/metabolism ; Nobel Prize ; *RNA Interference
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Emerging disease: Looking for trouble (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-12-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nayar, Anjali -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 10;462(7274):717-9. doi: 10.1038/462717a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20010663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cameroon/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology/prevention & ; control/*transmission/*virology ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control/veterinary ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Population Surveillance/*methods ; Zoonoses/epidemiology/*transmission/*virology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Lindauer's genius showed evolution in a simple experiment (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abler, William L -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):379. doi: 10.1038/457379d.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bees/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; History, 20th Century ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Obituary: Xiangzhong (Jerry) Yang (1959-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trounson, Alan -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 12;458(7235):161. doi: 10.1038/458161a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 210 King Street, San Francisco, California 94107, USA. atrounson@cirm.ca.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19279628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cellular Reprogramming ; China ; Cloning, Organism/*history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; International Cooperation ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques/*history ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Human genetics: Tracing India's invisible threads (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chakravarti, Aravinda -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 24;461(7263):487-8. doi: 10.1038/461487a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia/ethnology ; Continental Population Groups/genetics/history ; Ethnic Groups/*genetics/history ; Europe/ethnology ; Female ; Founder Effect ; Genetics, Population ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genomics ; Genotype ; History, 16th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; India ; Language ; Male ; *Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Toxicology for the twenty-first century (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hartung, Thomas -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 9;460(7252):208-12. doi: 10.1038/460208a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA. thartung@jhsph.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19587762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Animals ; False Positive Reactions ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; Toxicity Tests ; Toxicology/history/*methods/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Eastern Europe: Beyond the bloc (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiermeier, Quirin -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 1;461(7264):590-1. doi: 10.1038/461590a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19794471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Europe, Eastern ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Research Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Science/*economics/history/manpower/standards
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Eastern Europe: Scaling the wall (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiermeier, Quirin -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 1;461(7264):586-9. doi: 10.1038/461586a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19794470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Berlin ; Communism/history ; Czechoslovakia ; Democracy ; Education, Graduate ; Europe, Eastern ; Financing, Organized ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Internationality ; Israel ; Poland ; Politics ; Research Personnel/economics/*education/*history/standards ; Switzerland ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Obituary: Jean Dausset (1916-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Charron, Dominique J -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):338. doi: 10.1038/460338a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire Jean Dausset, Hopital Saint-Louis, and the Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, 75010 Paris, France. dominique.charron@sls.aphp.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606138" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allergy and Immunology/*history ; France ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HLA Antigens/genetics/*history/*immunology ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Transplantation Immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Pierluigi Nicotera. Interviewed by Karen Kaplan (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nicotera, Pierluigi -- MC_U132664972/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 2;460(7251):135. doi: 10.1038/nj7251-135a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19582898" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*history/*organization & administration ; Germany ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; *Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Warming caused by cumulative carbon emissions towards the trillionth tonne (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-05-02
    Description: Global efforts to mitigate climate change are guided by projections of future temperatures. But the eventual equilibrium global mean temperature associated with a given stabilization level of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations remains uncertain, complicating the setting of stabilization targets to avoid potentially dangerous levels of global warming. Similar problems apply to the carbon cycle: observations currently provide only a weak constraint on the response to future emissions. Here we use ensemble simulations of simple climate-carbon-cycle models constrained by observations and projections from more comprehensive models to simulate the temperature response to a broad range of carbon dioxide emission pathways. We find that the peak warming caused by a given cumulative carbon dioxide emission is better constrained than the warming response to a stabilization scenario. Furthermore, the relationship between cumulative emissions and peak warming is remarkably insensitive to the emission pathway (timing of emissions or peak emission rate). Hence policy targets based on limiting cumulative emissions of carbon dioxide are likely to be more robust to scientific uncertainty than emission-rate or concentration targets. Total anthropogenic emissions of one trillion tonnes of carbon (3.67 trillion tonnes of CO(2)), about half of which has already been emitted since industrialization began, results in a most likely peak carbon-dioxide-induced warming of 2 degrees C above pre-industrial temperatures, with a 5-95% confidence interval of 1.3-3.9 degrees C.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allen, Myles R -- Frame, David J -- Huntingford, Chris -- Jones, Chris D -- Lowe, Jason A -- Meinshausen, Malte -- Meinshausen, Nicolai -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 30;458(7242):1163-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08019.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK. myles.allen@physics.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19407800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/*chemistry ; Benchmarking ; Carbon/*analysis ; Carbon Dioxide/*analysis ; Computer Simulation ; *Greenhouse Effect ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Human Activities/history ; Industry/history ; *Models, Theoretical ; *Temperature ; Time Factors ; Uncertainty
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Structural biology bags chemistry prize (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Noorden, Richard -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 15;461(7266):860. doi: 10.1038/461860a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19829342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; *Chemistry/history ; Crystallization/history ; *Crystallography, X-Ray/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; *Nobel Prize ; Ribosomes/*chemistry/drug effects/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A microscopic reality tale (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-06-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fara, Patricia -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 4;459(7247):642-4. doi: 10.1038/459642a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Clare College, University of Cambridge CB2 1TL, UK. pf10006@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19494897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Microscopy/*history/*instrumentation/standards
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Atmospheric chemistry: The man who smells forests (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vance, Erik -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 28;459(7246):498-9. doi: 10.1038/459498a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19478760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aerosols/analysis/chemistry ; Agriculture ; Air Pollutants/analysis/chemistry ; Altitude ; Atmosphere/*chemistry ; California ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Ozone/analysis/chemistry ; Trees/chemistry/*metabolism ; Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global change: Carbon in idle croplands (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henebry, Geoffrey M -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):1089-90. doi: 10.1038/4571089a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19242461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*history ; Carbon/*analysis ; Crops, Agricultural/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; History, 20th Century ; Poaceae/metabolism ; Republic of Belarus ; Russia ; Soil/*analysis ; Ukraine
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Recession Watch: Cooperation must rule (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hertz, Noreena -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):962-3. doi: 10.1038/457962a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, the Netherlands. n.hertz@jbs.cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Capitalism ; Child ; Drug Industry/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Food Industry/legislation & jurisprudence ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Internationality
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Q&A: Building on paradise. Interview by Adam Rutherford (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Attenborough, David -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):967. doi: 10.1038/457967a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biology/history ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Human Activities ; *Television
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    2,000-year-long temperature and hydrology reconstructions from the Indo-Pacific warm pool (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-08-29
    Description: Northern Hemisphere surface temperature reconstructions suggest that the late twentieth century was warmer than any other time during the past 500 years and possibly any time during the past 1,300 years (refs 1, 2). These temperature reconstructions are based largely on terrestrial records from extra-tropical or high-elevation sites; however, global average surface temperature changes closely follow those of the global tropics, which are 75% ocean. In particular, the tropical Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) represents a major heat reservoir that both influences global atmospheric circulation and responds to remote northern high-latitude forcings. Here we present a decadally resolved continuous sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction from the IPWP that spans the past two millennia and overlaps the instrumental record, enabling both a direct comparison of proxy data to the instrumental record and an evaluation of past changes in the context of twentieth century trends. Our record from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia, exhibits trends that are similar to a recent Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction. Reconstructed SST was, however, within error of modern values from about ad 1000 to ad 1250, towards the end of the Medieval Warm Period. SSTs during the Little Ice Age (approximately ad 1550-1850) were variable, and approximately 0.5 to 1 degrees C colder than modern values during the coldest intervals. A companion reconstruction of delta(18)O of sea water-a sea surface salinity and hydrology indicator-indicates a tight coupling with the East Asian monsoon system and remote control of IPWP hydrology on centennial-millennial timescales, rather than a dominant influence from local SST variation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oppo, Delia W -- Rosenthal, Yair -- Linsley, Braddock K -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1113-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08233.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA. doppo@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19713927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere/analysis ; Calibration ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Ice Cover ; India ; Indonesia ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxygen Isotopes ; Pacific Ocean ; Plankton/metabolism ; Rain ; Records as Topic ; Salinity ; Seasons ; Seawater/*analysis ; *Temperature ; Time Factors ; Tropical Climate ; Weather
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Obituary: Hidesaburo Hanafusa (1929-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Foster, David A -- Darnell, James E Jr -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):718. doi: 10.1038/458718a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19360078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Japan ; Neoplasms/history/*virology ; Oncogenes ; Retroviridae ; United States ; Virology/*history
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    Obituary: Frederic Richards (1925-2009) (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-03-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, Robert O -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):976. doi: 10.1038/457976a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Robert O. Fox is in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0647, USA. rofox@utmb.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biochemistry/*history ; Crystallography, X-Ray/history ; History, 20th Century ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; United States
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    The FDA: A tough tonic (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):406-7. doi: 10.1038/462406a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19940894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Consumer Product Safety/standards ; Female ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Levonorgestrel/standards ; New York City ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration/economics/*organization & ; administration/*standards/trends
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    Money in biomedicine: The senator's sleuth (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):330-4. doi: 10.1038/461330a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/economics/*ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Clinical Trials as Topic/ethics/standards ; *Conflict of Interest ; Drug Industry/economics/*ethics ; *Federal Government ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/ethics/standards ; Physicians/economics/*ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Research Personnel/economics/*ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits/*economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Natural selection 150 years on (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-13
    Description: The theory of evolution by natural selection has prospered in its first 150 years and provides a consistent account of species as highly adapted and rare survivors in the struggle for existence. It now faces the challenge of finding order in the evolution of complex systems, including human society.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pagel, Mark -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):808-11. doi: 10.1038/nature07889.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK. m.pagel@reading.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19212397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biology/*history ; Genetic Speciation ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Periodicals as Topic ; *Selection, Genetic
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    NIH nominee draws scrutiny (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):310-1. doi: 10.1038/460310a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606109" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Christianity ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/*organization & administration ; Religion and Science ; United States
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    Pandemics: avoiding the mistakes of 1918 (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barry, John M -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 21;459(7245):324-5. doi: 10.1038/459324a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Bioenvironmental Research of Tulane and Xavier Universities, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. jbarry@tulane.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19458695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Communication/*history ; Disease Outbreaks/*history/prevention & control ; *Federal Government ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human/*history/mortality/prevention & control/*psychology ; Internationality ; Panic ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology ; United States
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    More acclaim for Darwin's theory of sexual selection (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hosken, David J -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 16;458(7240):831. doi: 10.1038/458831d.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19370010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Biology/*history ; Genetic Speciation ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; *Selection, Genetic
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    Incoming chief to tackle woes of US food and drug agency (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 19;458(7236):271. doi: 10.1038/458271a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19295575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bioterrorism ; Child ; Disaster Planning/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration/*organization & administration
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    Misadventures in the Burgess Shale (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-08-21
    Description: One hundred years after Charles Doolittle Walcott found a wealth of Cambrian fossils in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia, Desmond Collins reflects on the bumpy road of their classification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, Desmond -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 20;460(7258):952-3. doi: 10.1038/460952a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19693066" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; British Columbia ; *Classification ; *Fossils ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century
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    We cannot live by scepticism alone (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-03-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, Harry -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 5;458(7234):30. doi: 10.1038/458030a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for the Study of Knowledge Expertise Science at Cardiff University, UK. collinshm@cf.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19262652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humanities/trends ; Logic ; Science/history/*standards ; Social Sciences/*trends ; Uncertainty
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    Research funding: Closing arguments (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 5;457(7230):650-5. doi: 10.1038/457650a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19194426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Financing, Organized/*organization & administration/statistics & numerical data ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; *Muscular Dystrophies ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Neurosciences/*economics ; Research/*economics ; Research Personnel/*economics ; Uncertainty ; United States ; Xenopus/physiology
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    When winning a Nobel Prize seems to run in the family (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pasachoff, Jay M -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):379. doi: 10.1038/457379b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry/history ; *Heredity ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Nobel Prize ; *Nuclear Family ; Physics/history ; Physiology/history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Obituary: Vitaly Ginzburg (1916-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Longair, Malcolm -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 24;462(7276):996. doi: 10.1038/462996a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033036" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; Nuclear Weapons/history ; Physics/history ; Russia
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    140th Birthday miscellany (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 5;462(7269):48-9. doi: 10.1038/462048a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19890321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anniversaries and Special Events ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Periodicals as Topic/*history ; Science/*history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    140 years on (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 5;462(7269):12. doi: 10.1038/462012a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19890281" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anniversaries and Special Events ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Periodicals as Topic/*history/trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Human genetics: One gene, twenty years (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, Helen -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 9;460(7252):164-9. doi: 10.1038/460164a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19587741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic/history ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics/*history/physiopathology/therapy ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance ; Regulator/chemistry/*genetics/*history/metabolism ; Genetic Therapy/history/trends ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/history/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Inspiration and application in the evolution of biomaterials (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-27
    Description: Biomaterials, traditionally defined as materials used in medical devices, have been used since antiquity, but recently their degree of sophistication has increased significantly. Biomaterials made today are routinely information rich and incorporate biologically active components derived from nature. In the future, biomaterials will assume an even greater role in medicine and will find use in a wide variety of non-medical applications through biologically inspired design and incorporation of dynamic behaviour.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2848528/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2848528/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huebsch, Nathaniel -- Mooney, David J -- R37 DE013033/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R37 DE013033-12/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):426-32. doi: 10.1038/nature08601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, 319 Pierce Hall, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19940912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biocompatible Materials/history/therapeutic use ; Biomedical Engineering/history ; Biomedical Research/history/*trends ; *Biomimetic Materials/therapeutic use ; Equipment Design/history/trends ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants/history/trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Profile: being Bob Langer (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, Helen -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 5;458(7234):22-4. doi: 10.1038/458022a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19262647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biocompatible Materials ; Biotechnology/economics/organization & administration ; *Chemical Engineering/history/organization & administration ; Drug Delivery Systems/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Laboratories/manpower/organization & administration ; Massachusetts ; Patents as Topic/history ; Tissue Engineering/history ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Darwin respected by his religious contemporaries (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berry, R J -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):411. doi: 10.1038/462411b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19940898" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Cultural Diversity ; Great Britain ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; *Religion and Science
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    Obituary: Paul C. Zamecnik (1912-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pederson, Thoru -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):423. doi: 10.1038/462423a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19940910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell-Free System ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Molecular Biology/*history ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Transfer/history ; Rous sarcoma virus/genetics/growth & development ; United States
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    Darwin and culture (2009)
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    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 29;461(7268):1173-4. doi: 10.1038/4611173b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19865116" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; China ; *Culture ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Internationality ; Public Opinion/*history ; *Religion and Science ; Russia
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    Why we need space travel (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bignami, Giovanni -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):325. doi: 10.1038/460325a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Advanced Study of Pavia (IUSS), Lungo Ticino Sforza 56, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, Italy. Space Science Advisory giovanni.bignami@gmail.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronauts/history/*trends ; Europe ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Politics ; Space Flight/economics/history/*trends ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/economics/history
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    The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-28
    Description: Global terrestrial ecosystems absorbed carbon at a rate of 1-4 Pg yr(-1) during the 1980s and 1990s, offsetting 10-60 per cent of the fossil-fuel emissions. The regional patterns and causes of terrestrial carbon sources and sinks, however, remain uncertain. With increasing scientific and political interest in regional aspects of the global carbon cycle, there is a strong impetus to better understand the carbon balance of China. This is not only because China is the world's most populous country and the largest emitter of fossil-fuel CO(2) into the atmosphere, but also because it has experienced regionally distinct land-use histories and climate trends, which together control the carbon budget of its ecosystems. Here we analyse the current terrestrial carbon balance of China and its driving mechanisms during the 1980s and 1990s using three different methods: biomass and soil carbon inventories extrapolated by satellite greenness measurements, ecosystem models and atmospheric inversions. The three methods produce similar estimates of a net carbon sink in the range of 0.19-0.26 Pg carbon (PgC) per year, which is smaller than that in the conterminous United States but comparable to that in geographic Europe. We find that northeast China is a net source of CO(2) to the atmosphere owing to overharvesting and degradation of forests. By contrast, southern China accounts for more than 65 per cent of the carbon sink, which can be attributed to regional climate change, large-scale plantation programmes active since the 1980s and shrub recovery. Shrub recovery is identified as the most uncertain factor contributing to the carbon sink. Our data and model results together indicate that China's terrestrial ecosystems absorbed 28-37 per cent of its cumulated fossil carbon emissions during the 1980s and 1990s.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piao, Shilong -- Fang, Jingyun -- Ciais, Philippe -- Peylin, Philippe -- Huang, Yao -- Sitch, Stephen -- Wang, Tao -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):1009-13. doi: 10.1038/nature07944.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. slpiao@pku.edu.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Forestry/history ; Fossil Fuels/*history ; History, 20th Century ; Soil/analysis ; Trees/metabolism
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    Net gains (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):307. doi: 10.1038/460307a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computers/history ; History, 20th Century ; Internet/history ; Software/*history
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    Science and the Stasi (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macrakis, Kristie -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 1;461(7264):594-5. doi: 10.1038/461594a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, USA. macrakis@gatech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19794475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computers/history ; Confidentiality/history ; Electronics/history ; Germany ; History, 20th Century ; Military Science/history ; Science/*history/manpower ; Security Measures/history ; Technology/*history/manpower ; Theft/*history
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    SETI at 50 (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):316. doi: 10.1038/461316a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anniversaries and Special Events ; Astronomy/economics/instrumentation/trends ; California ; Exobiology/history/instrumentation/*methods/*trends ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Radio Waves
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    The future of saving our past (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉John, Jeremy Leighton -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 11;459(7248):775-6. doi: 10.1038/459775a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉British Library. jeremy.john@bl.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19516320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Archives ; Confidentiality ; *Electronic Mail ; Great Britain ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Libraries, Digital/standards/*trends ; Research Personnel/*history
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    Origin of life: Nascence man (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whitfield, John -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 21;459(7245):316-9. doi: 10.1038/459316a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19458689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates/chemistry/metabolism ; Acetyl Coenzyme A/chemistry ; Carbon Dioxide/chemistry ; Citric Acid Cycle ; *Evolution, Chemical ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Hot Springs/chemistry ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Iron/chemistry ; Methane/chemistry/metabolism ; *Origin of Life ; Oxidation-Reduction ; RNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Seawater/chemistry ; Sulfides/chemistry ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Obituary: Robert Furchgott (1916-2009) (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snyder, Solomon H -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 2;460(7251):47. doi: 10.1038/460047a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19571876" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; Nitric Oxide/*history/*metabolism ; Nobel Prize ; Signal Transduction ; United States
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    Science adviser should show his independence, says report (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, Natasha -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):521. doi: 10.1038/457521a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19177093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Federal Government ; Great Britain ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Homeopathy/economics ; National Health Programs/economics ; *Policy Making ; Science/*organization & administration
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    Global Darwin: Revolutionary road (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pusey, James -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 12;462(7270):162-3. doi: 10.1038/462162a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bucknell University, 701 Moore Avenue, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, USA. pusey@bucknell.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19907478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; China ; Communism/history ; Europe ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; *Models, Biological ; Political Systems/*history ; Politics ; Religious Philosophies ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Degrees of knowledge (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 18;459(7249):890. doi: 10.1038/459890a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19536213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Internationality ; Technology/history/*standards
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    All the President's scholarly men (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dallek, Robert -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 2;458(7238):572-3. doi: 10.1038/458572a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, Los Angeles, USA. rdallek@aol.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19340062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; *Federal Government/history ; History, 20th Century ; Nuclear Weapons/history ; *Politics ; Research Personnel/history ; Science/history/*legislation & jurisprudence/*standards ; United States ; Vietnam Conflict
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    An alien concept (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaplan, Fred -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):345-6. doi: 10.1038/461345a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉war_stories@hotmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy/*history/instrumentation ; Exobiology/*history/instrumentation ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Radio Waves
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The road ahead for brain-circuit reconstruction (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-11-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, Kevan A C -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):411. doi: 10.1038/462411a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19940899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/anatomy & histology/cytology ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Neural Pathways/*physiology ; Neurophysiology/history/*methods/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Fifty years of pheromones (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyatt, Tristram D -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 15;457(7227):262-3. doi: 10.1038/457262a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology of the University of Oxford, UK. tristram.wyatt@zoo.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19148082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; History, 17th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Odors/analysis ; Pheromones/*history/isolation & purification/physiology ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Arms pact could boost US-Russian science (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brumfiel, Geoff -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):316. doi: 10.1038/460316a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cooperative Behavior ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *International Cooperation/history ; *Nuclear Weapons/history ; Russia ; *Science/history/trends ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Recession Watch: Work for the greater good (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rauchway, Eric -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 19;457(7232):959-60. doi: 10.1038/457959a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, Davis, USA. earauchway@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Federal Government/*history ; Financing, Government/*history/trends ; History, 20th Century ; *Research Personnel/history ; Research Support as Topic/*history/trends ; Technology/*history/trends ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Science & music: facing the music (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ball, Philip -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 8;453(7192):160-2. doi: 10.1038/453160a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18464725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Perception/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; History, 18th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Mathematics ; *Music/history/psychology ; *Science/history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Device physics: update on 3D displays (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perry, Joseph W -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 7;451(7179):636-7. doi: 10.1038/451636a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; Holography/history/*instrumentation/methods
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    AIDS: prehistory of HIV-1 (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-10-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharp, Paul M -- Hahn, Beatrice H -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 2;455(7213):605-6. doi: 10.1038/455605a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18833267" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Democratic Republic of the Congo/epidemiology ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; HIV Infections/*epidemiology/*virology ; HIV-1/classification/*genetics/*isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    History of science: quinine steps back in time (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ball, Philip -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 28;451(7182):1065-6. doi: 10.1038/4511065a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18305535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; Quinine/*chemical synthesis/chemistry/*history ; Reproducibility of Results
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science & music: lost in music (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-05-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huron, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):456-7. doi: 10.1038/453456a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Music & Center for Cognitive Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cultural Diversity ; *Cultural Evolution ; History, 17th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; *Music/history ; *Neurosciences
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Beyond the origin (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 20;456(7220):281. doi: 10.1038/456281a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; *Biological Evolution ; Biological Science Disciplines/history ; Genetic Speciation ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Selection, Genetic
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    Net carbon dioxide losses of northern ecosystems in response to autumn warming (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-01-04
    Description: The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems is particularly sensitive to climatic changes in autumn and spring, with spring and autumn temperatures over northern latitudes having risen by about 1.1 degrees C and 0.8 degrees C, respectively, over the past two decades. A simultaneous greening trend has also been observed, characterized by a longer growing season and greater photosynthetic activity. These observations have led to speculation that spring and autumn warming could enhance carbon sequestration and extend the period of net carbon uptake in the future. Here we analyse interannual variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration data and ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes. We find that atmospheric records from the past 20 years show a trend towards an earlier autumn-to-winter carbon dioxide build-up, suggesting a shorter net carbon uptake period. This trend cannot be explained by changes in atmospheric transport alone and, together with the ecosystem flux data, suggest increasing carbon losses in autumn. We use a process-based terrestrial biosphere model and satellite vegetation greenness index observations to investigate further the observed seasonal response of northern ecosystems to autumnal warming. We find that both photosynthesis and respiration increase during autumn warming, but the increase in respiration is greater. In contrast, warming increases photosynthesis more than respiration in spring. Our simulations and observations indicate that northern terrestrial ecosystems may currently lose carbon dioxide in response to autumn warming, with a sensitivity of about 0.2 PgC degrees C(-1), offsetting 90% of the increased carbon dioxide uptake during spring. If future autumn warming occurs at a faster rate than in spring, the ability of northern ecosystems to sequester carbon may be diminished earlier than previously suggested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piao, Shilong -- Ciais, Philippe -- Friedlingstein, Pierre -- Peylin, Philippe -- Reichstein, Markus -- Luyssaert, Sebastiaan -- Margolis, Hank -- Fang, Jingyun -- Barr, Alan -- Chen, Anping -- Grelle, Achim -- Hollinger, David Y -- Laurila, Tuomas -- Lindroth, Anders -- Richardson, Andrew D -- Vesala, Timo -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 3;451(7174):49-52. doi: 10.1038/nature06444.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉LSCE, UMR CEA-CNRS, Batiment 709, CE, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. slpiao@lsce.ipsl.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18172494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biomass ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/*metabolism ; Cell Respiration ; *Ecosystem ; Fossil Fuels ; Geography ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Oceans and Seas ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Transpiration ; Plants/metabolism ; Rain ; *Seasons ; Soil/analysis ; *Temperature ; Water/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-09-12
    Description: Old-growth forests remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at rates that vary with climate and nitrogen deposition. The sequestered carbon dioxide is stored in live woody tissues and slowly decomposing organic matter in litter and soil. Old-growth forests therefore serve as a global carbon dioxide sink, but they are not protected by international treaties, because it is generally thought that ageing forests cease to accumulate carbon. Here we report a search of literature and databases for forest carbon-flux estimates. We find that in forests between 15 and 800 years of age, net ecosystem productivity (the net carbon balance of the forest including soils) is usually positive. Our results demonstrate that old-growth forests can continue to accumulate carbon, contrary to the long-standing view that they are carbon neutral. Over 30 per cent of the global forest area is unmanaged primary forest, and this area contains the remaining old-growth forests. Half of the primary forests (6 x 10(8) hectares) are located in the boreal and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. On the basis of our analysis, these forests alone sequester about 1.3 +/- 0.5 gigatonnes of carbon per year. Thus, our findings suggest that 15 per cent of the global forest area, which is currently not considered when offsetting increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, provides at least 10 per cent of the global net ecosystem productivity. Old-growth forests accumulate carbon for centuries and contain large quantities of it. We expect, however, that much of this carbon, even soil carbon, will move back to the atmosphere if these forests are disturbed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luyssaert, Sebastiaan -- Schulze, E-Detlef -- Borner, Annett -- Knohl, Alexander -- Hessenmoller, Dominik -- Law, Beverly E -- Ciais, Philippe -- Grace, John -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 11;455(7210):213-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07276.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. sebastiaan.luyssaert@ua.ac.be〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18784722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biomass ; Carbon/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Databases, Factual ; Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Human Activities ; Time Factors ; Trees/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science & music: raising the roof (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-06-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barron, Michael -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 12;453(7197):859-60. doi: 10.1038/453859a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18548056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Absorption ; *Acoustics ; Auditory Perception ; *Facility Design and Construction/history ; Hearing/physiology ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; *Music/history
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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