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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (578)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (500)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (479)
  • Animals  (441)
  • Aerodynamics
  • 1980-1984  (1,998)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1925-1929
  • 1983  (1,998)
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  • 1980-1984  (1,998)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 101
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    Suppressing autoimmunity in mice (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):843-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6576470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Autoimmune Diseases/*therapy ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; Immune Tolerance ; Isoantibodies ; Mice ; Myasthenia Gravis/therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 102
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    A benzodiazepine receptor antagonist decreases sleep and reverses the hypnotic actions of flurazepam (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-28
    Description: The benzodiazepine receptor antagonist 3-hydroxymethyl-beta-carboline, which blocks several of the pharmacological actions of benzodiazepines, induces a dose-dependent increase in sleep latency in the rat. Furthermore, at a low dose that by itself does not affect sleep, 3-hydroxymethyl-beta-carboline blocks sleep induction by a large dose of flurazepam. The benzodiazepine receptor may play a role in both the physiological regulation and pharmacological induction of sleep.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mendelson, W B -- Cain, M -- Cook, J M -- Paul, S M -- Skolnick, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 28;219(4583):414-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6294835" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbolines/*pharmacology ; Flurazepam/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Indoles/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Sleep/*drug effects ; Wakefulness/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 103
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    Parathyroid hormone: effects of the 3-34 fragment in vivo and vitro (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: The biologically active fragment ofparathyroid hormone, consisting of residues 1-34, and its in vitro antagonist, fragment 3-34, were administered separately or in combination to chronically thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. These fragments were also studied in vitro with dog renal cortical membranes. Fragment 3-34 inhibited the stimulation of adenylate cyclase by fragment 1-34 in vitro, but had no agonist or antagonistic effects on renal phosphate transport in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGowan, J A -- Chen, T C -- Fragola, J -- Puschett, J B -- Rosenblatt, M -- AM-11714/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Dogs ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kidney Cortex/enzymology ; Parathyroid Hormone/*pharmacology ; Phosphates/urine ; Thyroidectomy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 104
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    Surface molecules identify groups of growing axons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Studies on vertebrate and invertebrate species have established that, during development, axons have the ability to choose particular paths over others. The chemical basis of this pathfinding is not clear but biochemical differences between neurons have long been postulated to account for the specificity of neuronal connections. Such subtle molecular differences between different cells in a single tissue are difficult to study with standard biochemical techniques but hybridoma technology has offered a potential solution to this type of problem. This technique has made possible the production of monoclonal antibodies for identifying and characterizing a family of glycoproteins which are expressed on the surface of specific axon bundles during the development of the leech nervous system. The results show that groups of growing axons do indeed carry chemically distinct surface molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKay, R D -- Hockfield, S -- Johansen, J -- Thompson, I -- Frederiksen, K -- NS 17556/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 18040/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):788-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/analysis ; Axons/growth & development/*immunology ; Leeches/*anatomy & histology/growth & development/immunology ; Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 105
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    Selective modification of glutathione metabolism (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Glutathione, a tripeptide thiol found in virtually all cells, functions in metabolism, transport, and cellular protection. It participates in the reduction of disulfides and other molecules, and conjugates with compounds of exogenous and endogenous origin. It protects cells against the destructive effects of reactive oxygen intermediates and free radicals. Modifications of glutathione metabolism may be achieved by administration of selective enzyme inhibitors, and also by giving compounds that increase glutathione synthesis. Such effects are useful in chemotherapy and radiation therapy and in protecting cells against the toxic effects of drugs, other foreign compounds, and oxygen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meister, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):472-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Free Radicals ; Glutathione/analogs & derivatives/biosynthesis/*metabolism/physiology ; Glutathione Disulfide ; Glutathione Synthase/deficiency/metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia L1210/metabolism ; Mice ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxides/metabolism ; Pyroglutamate Hydrolase/metabolism ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 106
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    Narcolepsy: biogenic amine deficits in an animal model (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Concentrations of biogenic amine metabolites in discrete brain areas differed significantly between dogs with genetically transmitted narcolepsy and age- and breed-matched controls. Dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were consistently elevated in the brains of narcoleptic animals, while homovanillic acid was not. Narcoleptic animals consistently exhibited lower utilization of dopamine and higher intraneuronal degradation of dopamine but no uniform decrease in serotonin utilization. Hence neuropathology appears to be associated with genetically transmitted canine narcolepsy. The data indicate a nonglobal depression of dopamine utilization or turnover or both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mefford, I N -- Baker, T L -- Boehme, R -- Foutz, A S -- Ciaranello, R D -- Barchas, J D -- Dement, W C -- MH 05804/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 23861/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 13211/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):629-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6188216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/analysis ; Animals ; *Brain Chemistry ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Dopamine/analysis ; Epinephrine/analysis ; Homovanillic Acid/analysis ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/analysis ; Narcolepsy/*physiopathology ; Norepinephrine/analysis ; Serotonin/analysis ; Sleep, REM/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 107
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    Potential role of galactokinase in neonatal carbohydrate assimilation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Glucose given to the newborn human may result in hyperglycemia, suggesting that its utilization is impaired at this developmental stage. Galactose is thought to be a more appropriate carbohydrate source for the newborn. The enzymes involved in hexose phosphorylation may, in part, be responsible for these observations. A key regulatory enzyme of hepatic glucose assimilation, glucokinase, is diminished in newborns compared to adults, whereas galactokinase activity is increased. When newborn dogs were fasted and then fed either glucose or galactose, their plasma insulin responses to glucose were similar, but the pups fed galactose demonstrated an attenuated systemic appearance rate of glucose. Hexose incorporation into hepatic glycogen and net glycogen synthesis was augmented in the galactose-fed dogs. In vitro, liver from neonatal dogs showed enhanced galactokinase activity relative to that for hexokinase or glucokinase. Neonatal hexose assimilation may be independent of insulin action and, instead, be related to the developmental presence of hexose phosphorylating enzymes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kliegman, R M -- Miettinen, E L -- Morton, S -- HD05740/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):302-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/metabolism ; *Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Dogs ; Galactokinase/*physiology ; Galactose/metabolism ; Galactosemias ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver/enzymology ; Liver Glycogen/biosynthesis ; Phosphorylation ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 108
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    Oxygen tension regulates the expression of angiogenesis factor by macrophages (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: When cultured in a hypoxic environment similar to that found in the center of a wound, macrophages secreted active angiogenesis factor into the medium. Under conditions similar to those of well-oxygenated tissue, macrophages did not secrete active angiogenesis factor. Macrophages that secreted the factor at hypoxic conditions stopped secreting it when returned to room air. Thus the control of angiogenesis in wound healing may be the result of macrophages responding to tissue oxygen tension without the necessity of interacting with other cell types or biochemical signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knighton, D R -- Hunt, T K -- Scheuenstuhl, H -- Halliday, B J -- Werb, Z -- Banda, M J -- GM27345/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL26323/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*biosynthesis ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cornea ; Growth Substances/*biosynthesis ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Oxygen/*physiology ; Rabbits ; *Wound Healing
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 109
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    Drug-induced alterations of cytokeratin organization in cultured epithelial cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: The distribution of keratin intermediate filaments, previously considered static in organization and imperturbable by conventional drugs used to alter the structure and organization of the cytoskeleton, can be altered significantly by treatment with colchicine and cytochalasin D. The loss of microfilaments and microtubules converts the keratin cytoskeleton from a branching, even distribution to a series of starlike structures whose filaments are maintained by multiple membrane attachment sites. These findings provide a means for manipulating cytokeratin organization to investigate the role of keratins in cytoskeletal structure and function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knapp, L W -- O'Guin, W M -- Sawyer, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):501-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6186022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Colchicine/*pharmacology ; Cytochalasin D ; Cytochalasins/*pharmacology ; Cytoskeleton/*drug effects ; Epithelium ; *Keratins ; Mice ; Microtubules/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 110
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    Early auditory experience aligns the auditory map of space in the optic tectum of the barn owl (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-25
    Description: Auditory and visual space are mapped in the optic tectum of the barn owl. Normally, these maps of space are in close mutual alignment. Ear plugs inserted unilaterally in young barn owls disrupted the binaural cues that constitute the basis of the auditory map. Yet when recordings were made from the tecta of these birds as adults, the auditory and visual maps were in register. When the ear plugs were removed from these adult birds and binaural balance was restored, the auditory maps were shifted substantially relative to the visual maps and relative to the physical borders of the tecta. These results demonstrate that the neural connectivity that gives rise to the auditory map of space in the optic tectum can be modified by experience in such a way that spatial alignment between sensory modalities is maintained.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knudsen, E I -- 95 ROI NS 16099-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 25;222(4626):939-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; *Auditory Perception ; Birds/*physiology ; Cues ; *Sound Localization ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Visual Fields
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 111
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    Impact of genetic manipulation on society and medicine (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: Human beings have been manipulating the genetic characteristics plants and animals since the introduction of agriculture indirect manipulation of human genes occurred with widespread use of public health and medical measures that preserve genes causing disease. The production of biologicals by DNA technology raises few ethical problems. Predictive medicine in which genetic markers (including DNA variants) are used for antenatal and preclinical diagnosis of genetic diseases and susceptibilities poses new questions of confidentiality, private versus societal goals, and self-determination. When normal DNA is used to treat the somatic cells of patients with hemoglobinopathies and other genetic diseases, no new ethical problems arise beyond those presented by an novel theory. In contrast, manipulation of DNA in human fertilized eggs would constitute a qualitative departure from previous therapies since this would affect future generations. In order to be able to make wise decisions on these matters the public must be well informed. Thus, formal and informal education in human biology and genetics must be improved at all levels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Motulsky, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):135-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6336852" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Recombinant ; Enzymes/genetics ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/diagnosis/therapy ; *Genetic Engineering/history ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; History, Modern 1601- ; Humans ; Reproduction ; Risk Assessment ; *Social Responsibility ; Washington reviews the current status of applications of recombinant DNA ; techniques to the manipulation of human genetic characteristics and considers ; their social and ethical implications. Motulsky distinguishes the relatively ; conventional dilemmas posed by gene therapy from the qualitatively different ; problems raised by manipulation of DNA in human fertilized eggs so as to affect ; future generations. He advocates strengthened formal and informal programs to ; educate the public about developments in molecular biology and genetics.
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 112
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    Passive transfer of diabetes in the BB/W rat (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: Severe diabetes with insulitis was produced in young diabetes-prone BB/W rats by passive transfer of concanavalin A-treated spleen cells from BB/W animals with acute diabetes. Spleen cells alone or in combination with lymph node cells were active in transferring disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koevary, S -- Rossini, A -- Stoller, W -- Chick, W -- Williams, R M -- AM-25306/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-30846/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):727-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Concanavalin A/pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus/etiology/*immunology ; Hyperglycemia/etiology/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Rats ; Spleen/cytology/drug effects/transplantation ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Transplantation, Homologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 113
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    Brain-grafting work shows promise (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/surgery ; Animals ; Humans ; Memory/physiology ; Nerve Tissue/*transplantation ; Parkinson Disease/*surgery ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 114
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    Z-DNA moves toward "real biology" (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):495-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dna ; Eukaryota/genetics ; Humans ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 115
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    Cholesterol--heart disease link illuminated. New findings explain how blood cholesterol levels are controlled and how to lower them substantially in persons at high risk of heart disease (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1164-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6310747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Coronary Disease/drug therapy/*etiology ; Humans ; Lovastatin ; Naphthalenes/therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, LDL
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  • 116
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    Inhibition of gastric acid secretion in rats by intracerebral injection of corticotropin-releasing factor (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-25
    Description: Intracisternal injection of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) into the pylorus-ligated rat or the rat with gastric fistula resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of gastric secretion stimulated with pentagastrin or thyrotropin-releasing hormone. When injected into the lateral hypothalamus--but not when injected into the cerebral cortex--CRF suppressed pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion. The inhibitory effect of CRF was blocked by vagotomy and adrenalectomy but not by hypophysectomy or naloxone treatment. These results indicate that CRF acts within the brain to inhibit gastric acid secretion through vagal and adrenal mechanisms and not through hypophysiotropic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tache, Y -- Goto, Y -- Gunion, M W -- Vale, W -- River, J -- Brown, M -- AM30110/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 25;222(4626):935-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6415815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gastric Acid/*secretion ; Hypophysectomy ; Hypothalamus/drug effects ; Male ; Pentagastrin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors ; Vagotomy
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  • 117
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    Insulin-like growth factors: a role in growth hormone negative feedback and body weight regulation via brain (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: Intracerebroventricular administration of ILA's, a preparation enriched in insulin-like growth factors, caused a marked decrease in growth hormone secretory episodes and in body weight associated with reduced food intake over 24 hours. Central injection of insulin and bovine serum albumin had no such effects. These findings suggest that insulin-like growth factors play a role in growth hormone negative feedback and body weight regulation at the level of the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tannenbaum, G S -- Guyda, H J -- Posner, B I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Weight/*drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*physiology ; Eating/drug effects ; Growth Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors/blood/*physiology ; Insulin/blood/*pharmacology ; Male ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Somatomedins/*pharmacology
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    Genetically obese mice: resistance to metastasis of B16 melanoma and enhanced T-lymphocyte mitogenic responses (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: The metastasis of B16 melanoma cells differed significantly in obese (ob/ob) and lean (+/?) female mice of strain C57BL/6J. When the mice were inoculated subcutaneously with melanoma cells at 10 to 11 months of age, the primary tumor grew more slowly in obese than in lean littermates and the frequency of lung metastasis was greatly reduced. When the mice were injected with the cells at 4 to 7 months, the primary tumor grew at the same rate in obese and lean mice, but the obese mice again showed a significantly reduced frequency of lung metastasis. That this effect was related to an enhanced immunocompetence in obese mice was supported by the finding that splenic lymphocytes of ob/ob mice showed three times the proliferative response to the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A compared with the proliferative response of lean control mice. The ob/ob mouse may provide a model for the study of enhanced immunocompetence in obese individuals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, C I -- Kreider, J W -- Black, P L -- Schmidt, T J -- Margules, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Immunity, Innate ; Lung Neoplasms/immunology ; Male ; Melanoma/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Mice, Obese ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology ; Rats ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Monoclonal antibodies reveal the structural basis of antibody diversity (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Hybridoma technology has made it possible to introduce into continuous culture normal antibody-forming cells and to obtain large amounts of the immunoglobulin produced by each of these cells. Examination of the structure of a number of monoclonal antibodies that react with a single antigen has provided new information on the structural basis of the specificity and affinity of antibodies. Comparisons of families of monoclonal antibodies derived from a single germ line gene revealed the importance of somatic mutation in generating antibody diversity. Monoclonal antibodies that react with variable regions of other monoclonals allow the further dissection and modulation of the immune response. Finally, the continued somatic instability of immunoglobulin genes in cultured antibody-forming cells makes it possible to determine the rate of somatic mutation and to generate mutant monoclonal antibodies that may be more effective serological reagents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Teillaud, J L -- Desaymard, C -- Giusti, A M -- Haseltine, B -- Pollock, R R -- Yelton, D E -- Zack, D J -- Scharff, M D -- 5T32GM7288/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AI05231/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10702/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):721-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/*immunology ; *Antibody Diversity ; Antibody Specificity ; Genes ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Multiple sclerosis and visna (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thormar, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 2;222(4627):966.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Central Nervous System Diseases/*etiology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; *Multiple Sclerosis ; Sheep ; *Slow Virus Diseases ; Visna-maedi virus
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    Functional organization of the second cortical visual area in primates (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: The functional organization of the second cortical visual area was examined with three different anatomical markers: 2-[14C]deoxy-D-glucose, cytochrome oxidase, and various myelin stains. All three markers revealed strips running throughout the area, parallel to the cortical surface. The boundaries of these strips provide an anatomical criterion for defining the borders of this extrastriate region. Further, the demonstration of these strips allows a functional and anatomical analysis of modules in the area, just as the recent demonstration of spots in the primary visual cortex has allowed an analysis of modules there. The strips differ structurally and functionally from interstrip regions and these differences are similar to those seen between the spots and the interspot regions in the primary visual cortex. In the macaque the strips and spots differ with regard to binocular organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tootell, R B -- Silverman, M S -- De Valois, R L -- Jacobs, G H -- EY-00014/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY-02052/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):737-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Deoxyglucose/metabolism ; Electron Transport Complex IV/metabolism ; Macaca ; Myelin Proteins/metabolism ; Photic Stimulation ; Saimiri ; Visual Cortex/*anatomy & histology/enzymology/physiology
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    Interaction with membrane remnants of target myotubes maintains transmitter sensitivity of cultured neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Parasympathetic neurons, when cultured alone, lose sensitivity to acetylcholine, but if striated muscle is included in the culture, neuronal chemosensitivity is maintained. The membrane remnants of myotubes ruptured by osmotic shock also supported the responsiveness of the cultured neurons to transmitter, whereas muscle-conditioned medium or membrane remnants of nonmuscle embryonic skin cells did not support this responsiveness. The regulation of chemosensitivity by contact of neurons with the target cell membrane may be important in the formation and maintenance of neuronal circuitry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tuttle, J B -- NS-10338/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):977-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6133352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Fibroblasts/physiology ; Muscles/*physiology ; Nervous System/growth & development ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*physiology ; Synapses/physiology
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    Bone cell differentiation and growth factors (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: Bone morphogenetic protein and bone-derived growth factors are biochemical tools for research on induced cell differentiation and local mechanisms controlling cell proliferation. Bone morphogenetic protein irreversibly induces differentiation of perivascular mesenchymal-type cells into osteoprogenitor cells. Bone-derived growth factors are secreted by and for osteoprogenitor cells and stimulate DNA synthesis. Bone generation and regeneration are attributable to the co-efficiency of bone morphogenetic protein and bone-derived growth factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Urist, M R -- DeLange, R J -- Finerman, G A -- DEO2103-17/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):680-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6403986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bone Development ; Bone Matrix/drug effects/physiology ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Bone Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Cattle ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; Dogs ; Growth Substances/*physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; Mice ; *Osteogenesis ; Osteosarcoma/physiopathology ; Proteins/pharmacology/physiology ; Rabbits ; Rats
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    Recovery of normal topography in the somatosensory cortex of monkeys after nerve crush and regeneration (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: After median nerve fibers to glabrous skin on the hands of monkeys were crushed and allowed to regenerate, normal topographical organization was recovered in the representation of the hand in primary somatosensory cortex. Similar recovery of normal cortical organization may underlie the sensory restoration that usually follows nerve crush injury in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wall, J T -- Felleman, D J -- Kaas, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):771-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879175" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aotus trivirgatus/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Hand/innervation ; *Nerve Crush ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Somatosensory Cortex/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Benzoquinolinediones: activity as insect teratogens (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Morphological abnormalities including extra compound eyes, extra heads, and distally duplicated legs were generated in cricket embryos by treating eggs with single doses of either benz[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione or benzo[h]quinoline-5,6-dione. Slight structural modifications of the molecules resulted in a loss of teratogenic activity, although embryotoxicity occurred. These potent insect teratogens can be used for analysis of developmental events during embryogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walton, B T -- Ho, C -- Ma, C Y -- O'Neill, E G -- Kao, G L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):422-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Isoquinolines/*toxicity ; Orthoptera/*embryology ; Quinolines/*toxicity ; *Quinolones ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Teratogens
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    Potent interaction between glucocorticoids and growth hormone-releasing factor in vivo (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Administration of dexamethasone significantly enhanced the pituitary growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing factor in intact as well as adrenalectomized rats. Thus the inhibitory effects of glucocorticosteroids on somatic growth which involve an interaction of these steroids and growth hormone at a peripheral level may also involve a modification of pathways within the central nervous system that regulate normal growth hormone secretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wehrenberg, W B -- Baird, A -- Ling, N -- AM-18811/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD 09690/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):556-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6408735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Glucocorticoids/*pharmacology ; Growth Hormone/blood/secretion ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Cost-effective priorities for cancer prevention (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Faced with limited resources, the United States must set priorities for research to identify preventable causes of cancer. A quantitative approach to priority setting, based on principles of decision analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis, can offer guidance in this process. An illustrative application of such a model suggests that the National Institutes of Health-supported clinical trial of dietary beta-carotene offers a greater expected reduction in cancer mortality per research dollar than carcinogen bioassays of high-volume industrial chemicals such as p-dichlorobenzene. National research priorities should reflect the relative cost-effectiveness of such investments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):17-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; Carcinogens ; Carotenoids/adverse effects ; Chlorobenzenes/adverse effects ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Humans ; Neoplasms/economics/mortality/*prevention & control ; Policy Making ; United States ; beta Carotene
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    Monoclonal antibodies in the lymphatics: selective delivery to lymph node metastases of a solid tumor (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: After subcutaneous injection, monoclonal antibodies directed against a tumor can enter local lymphatic vessels, pass to the draining lymph nodes, and bind to metastases there. Lymphatic delivery of antibody to early metastases is more efficient than intravenous administration, and the lymphatic route can be used to image smaller metastatic deposits. Perhaps more important, the lymphatic route minimizes binding of antibodies to circulating tumor antigens and to cross-reactive antigens present on normal tissues. Antibodies inappropriate for intravenous use because of binding to normal tissues may therefore be useful against lymph node metastases when injected subcutaneously or directly into lymphatic vessels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, J N -- Steller, M A -- Keenan, A M -- Covell, D G -- Key, M E -- Sieber, S M -- Oldham, R K -- Hwang, K M -- Parker, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):423-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage ; Guinea Pigs ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Iodoproteins ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*immunology ; Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnosis/*immunology
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    Potentiation of glucocorticoid activity by 5 beta-dihydrocortisol: its role in glaucoma (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: 5 beta-Dihydrocortisol potentiated the threshold level (the smallest dose producing a measurable effect) of topically applied cortisol (0.02 percent) and dexamethasone (0.003 percent) in causing nuclear translocation of the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor in rabbit iris-ciliary body tissue. 5 beta-Dihydrocortisol accumulates in cells cultured from trabecular meshwork specimens from patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, but not in similar cells derived from nonglaucomatous patients. In view of the sensitivity of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma to the effects of glucocorticoids in raising intraocular pressure, this potentiation may be responsible for the steroid sensitivity and for the ocular hypertension seen in this disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, B I -- Gordon, G G -- Southren, A L -- EY 01313/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):172-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623065" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Ciliary Body/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/*physiopathology ; Hydrocortisone/pharmacology ; Intraocular Pressure/*drug effects ; Iris/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*drug effects
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    DNA methylation decreases in aging but not in immortal cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: When normal diploid fibroblasts from mice, hamsters, and humans were grown in culture, the 5-methylcytosine content of their DNA's markedly decreased. The greatest rate of loss of 5-methylcytosine residues was observed in mouse cells, which survived the least number of division. Immortal mouse cell lines had more stable rates of methylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, V L -- Jones, P A -- 1-T32-CA09320/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM30892/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine ; *Aging ; Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism/*physiology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Mesocricetus ; Methylation ; Mice ; Time Factors
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    How a nerve fiber repairs its cut end: involvement of phospholipase A2 (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-12-23
    Description: Following transection of a giant axon, the nerve membrane at the cut end is resealed within 5 to 30 minutes. This membrane resealing process is highly dependent upon temperature and extracellular calcium ions. The membrane resealing is triggered by excess calcium entering the axoplasm at the site of transection but is prevented by the application of phospholipase A2 inhibitors. We propose that calcium activated phospholipase A2 plays a central role in resealing of the ruptured nerve membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yawo, H -- Kuno, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 23;222(4630):1351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6658457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetophenones/pharmacology ; Animals ; Axons/enzymology/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Denervation ; Enzyme Activation ; Membrane Potentials ; Periplaneta ; Phospholipases/*metabolism ; Phospholipases A/*metabolism ; Phospholipases A2 ; Quinacrine/pharmacology ; Temperature
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    Noninvasive observations of fluorinated anesthetics in rabbit brain by fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Fluorinated anesthetics were observed noninvasively in the brain of intact rabbits with fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. High-resolution fluorine-19 spectra of halothane, methoxyflurane, and isoflurane were obtained with a surface coil centered over the calvarium. Elimination of halothane from the brain was also monitored by this technique. Residual fluorine-19 signals from halothane (or a metabolite) could be detected as long as 98 hours after termination of anesthesia. These observations demonstrate the feasibility of using this technique to study the fate of fluorinated anesthetics in live mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyrwicz, A M -- Pszenny, M H -- Schofield, J C -- Tillman, P C -- Gordon, R E -- Martin, P A -- GM 29520/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K04 GM 00503/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):428-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Halothane/*metabolism ; Isoflurane/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methoxyflurane/*metabolism ; Methyl Ethers/*metabolism ; Rabbits
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    Salicylate and mitochondrial injury in Reye's syndrome (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Electron microscopic and spectrophotometric studies showed that salicylate causes gross swelling of mitochondria in isotonic salt solutions. In overall morphology the salicylate-treated mitochondria resembled those from patients with Reye's syndrome. Salicylate analogs such as m-hydroxybenzoate, p-hydroxybenzoate, and benzoate did not exert this effect. The mitochondria deformed by salicylate tended to return to their original condensed form on removal of the drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉You, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):163-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzoates/pharmacology ; Benzoic Acid ; Hydroxybenzoates/pharmacology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mitochondria, Liver/*drug effects/ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Swelling/drug effects ; *Parabens ; Rats ; Reye Syndrome/*chemically induced ; Salicylates/*adverse effects/pharmacology
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    Increased brain size and cellular content in infant rats treated with an opiate antagonist (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: From birth to day 21, rat offspring received daily injections of naltrexone at a dosage that blocked morphine-induced analgesia 24 hours a day. At 21 days, body, brain, and cerebellar weights of naltrexone-injected animals were 18, 11, and 5 percent greater than corresponding control weights. In addition, morphometric analysis of the cerebrum revealed a somatosensory cortex that was 18 percent thicker than that of the controls. The cerebellum of naltrexone-treated rats was 41 percent larger in total area and contained at least 70 percent more glial cells and 30 percent more granule neurons. Neurons derived prenatally were unaffected by drug treatment. These results show that naltrexone can stimulate body and brain growth in rats and suggest a role for the endorphin and opiate receptor system in development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zagon, I S -- McLaughlin, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1179-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Brain/*drug effects/growth & development/ultrastructure ; Cerebellum/drug effects ; Morphine/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Naloxone/*analogs & derivatives ; Naltrexone/*pharmacology ; Neuroglia/drug effects ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Somatosensory Cortex/drug effects
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    Neurofilament accumulation induced in synapses by leupeptin (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: The hypothesis that the usual absence of neurofilaments in synaptic terminals is due to their degradation by the calcium-activated protease present in axoplasm was tested by injecting leupeptin, which inhibits the protease, into the optic tectum of goldfish kept at 15 degrees and at 25 degrees C. The resulting accumulation of neurofilaments in synaptic terminals provides in vivo evidence in support of the hypothesis. The significance of these results and the potential uses of this pharmacological tool are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roots, B I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):971-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6192501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axonal Transport ; Calpain ; Cytoskeleton/*metabolism ; Fishes ; Leupeptins/*pharmacology ; Nerve Endings/metabolism ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Oligopeptides/*pharmacology ; Protease Inhibitors ; Synapses/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission
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    Regenerative impulses in taste cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: Taste cells and nongustatory epithelial cells in the isolated lingual mucosa from the mud puppy Necturus maculosus were impaled with microelectrodes. The taste cells, but not surrounding epithelial cells, were electrically excitable when directly stimulated with current passed through the recording electrode. Action potentials produced by taste cells had both a sodium and a calcium component.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roper, S -- 5 KO4 NS 00257/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Microelectrodes ; Necturus maculosus ; Sodium/physiology ; Taste Buds/drug effects/*physiology ; Tetraethylammonium ; Tetraethylammonium Compounds/pharmacology ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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  • 137
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    Temporal selectivity in the central auditory system of the leopard frog (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: Amplitude modulation is a predominant temporal feature in many vocal signals. The leopard frog, Rana pipiens, has a class of neurons in the central auditory system that respond selectively to particular rates of amplitude modulation; these neurons can be characterized by a temporal tuning curve. Such selectivity is absent in the peripheral auditory system. This type of transformation may be fundamental in processing temporal information in the vertebrate sensory nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rose, G -- Capranica, R R -- NS-09244/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6600522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Communication ; Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Rana pipiens/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 138
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    Interrelated striated elements in vestibular hair cells of the rat (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Unusual fixation procedures revealed a series of interrelated striated organelles in type I and type II vestibular hair cells of the rat; these organelles seemed to be less well developed in cochlear hair cells. The findings suggest that contractile elements may play a role in sensory transduction in the inner ear, particularly in the vestibular system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ross, M D -- Bourne, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):622-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6682246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/ultrastructure ; Cytoskeleton/ultrastructure ; Hair Cells, Auditory/*ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Organoids/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Leukotrienes: mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions and inflammation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Arachidonic acid plays a central role in a biological control system where such oxygenated derivatives as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes are mediators. The leukotrienes are formed by transformation of arachidonic acid into an unstable epoxide intermediate, leukotriene A4, which can be converted enzymatically by hydration to leukotriene B4, and by addition of glutathione to leukotriene C4. This last compound is metabolized to leukotrienes D4 and E4 by successive elimination of a gamma-glutamyl residue and glycine. Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis consists of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4. The cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors, increase vascular permeability in postcapillary venules, and stimulate mucus secretion. Leukotriene B4 causes adhesion and chemotactic movement of leukocytes and stimulates aggregation, enzyme release, and generation of superoxide in neutrophils. Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4, which are released from the lung tissue of asthmatic subjects exposed to specific allergens, seem to play a pathophysiological role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These leukotrienes, as well as leukotriene B4, have pro-inflammatory effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samuelsson, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):568-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/metabolism/pharmacology/physiology ; Bronchi/drug effects ; Cats ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*physiopathology ; Inflammation/*physiopathology ; Leukocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Leukotriene B4/pharmacology/*physiology ; Mice ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; SRS-A/*physiology
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    Quinolinic acid: an endogenous metabolite that produces axon-sparing lesions in rat brain (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-21
    Description: A current hypothesis links the neuroexcitatory properties of certain acidic amino acids to their ability to cause selective neuronal lesions. Intracerebral injection of the neuroexcitatory tryptophan metabolite, quinolinic acid, has behavioral, neurochemical, and neuropathological consequences reminiscent of those of exogenous excitotoxins, such as kainic and ibotenic acids. Its qualities as a neurotoxic agent suggest that quinolinic acid should be considered as a possible pathogenic factor in neurodegenerative disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwarcz, R -- Whetsell, W O Jr -- Mangano, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 21;219(4582):316-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849138" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/drug effects ; Brain/*drug effects/enzymology ; Corpus Striatum/drug effects/enzymology/ultrastructure ; Hippocampus/drug effects ; Neuroglia/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects ; Pyridines/*pharmacology ; Quinolinic Acids/*pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 141
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    Nicotinic cholinergic receptor binding sites in the brain: regulation in vivo (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-08
    Description: Tritiated acetylcholine was used to measure binding sites with characteristics of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in rat brain. Regulation of the binding sites in vivo was examined by administering two drugs that stimulate nicotinic receptors directly or indirectly. After 10 days of exposure to the cholinesterase inhibitor diisopropyl fluorophosphate, binding of tritiated acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex was decreased. However, after repeated administration of nicotine for 10 days, binding of tritiated acetylcholine in the cortex was increased. Saturation analysis of tritiated acetylcholine binding in the cortices of rats treated with diisopropyl fluorophosphate or nicotine indicated that the number of binding sites decreased and increased, respectively, while the affinity of the sites was unaltered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, R D -- Kellar, K J -- 507 RR05360-20/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- GM07443/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 8;220(4593):214-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex/analysis/physiology ; Isoflurophate/pharmacology ; Male ; Nicotine/metabolism/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*physiology ; Receptors, Nicotinic/analysis/*physiology
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    Structure of a mouse submaxillary messenger RNA encoding epidermal growth factor and seven related proteins (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: The structure of the messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the precursor to mouse submaxillary epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined from the sequence of a set of overlapping complementary DNA's (cDNA). The mRNA is unexpectedly large, about 4750 nucleotide bases, and predicts the sequence of preproEGF, a protein of 1217 amino acids (133,000 molecular weight). The EGF moiety (53 amino acids) is flanked by polypeptide segments of 976 and 188 amino acids at its amino and carboyxl termini, respectively. The amino terminal segment of the precursor contains seven peptides with sequences that are similar but not identical to EGF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scott, J -- Urdea, M -- Quiroga, M -- Sanchez-Pescador, R -- Fong, N -- Selby, M -- Rutter, W J -- Bell, G I -- 21344/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):236-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Epidermal Growth Factor/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Submandibular Gland/metabolism
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    Paedomorphosis and neoteny in the pygmy chimpanzee (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: The strongly paedomorphic skull form in the pygmy chimpanzee results from the heterochronic process of neoteny. This cranial paedomorphosis and neoteny in Pan paniscus may be related to reduced sexual dimorphism in morphology and behavior. The interspecific differences in form result from shifts in the rate and timing of similar patterns of development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shea, B T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):521-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Biometry ; Bone Development ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology ; Skull/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Species Specificity
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    Coronary artery spasm induced in atherosclerotic miniature swine (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Angiographically demonstrable coronary artery spasm could be provoked repeatedly by giving intracoronary or intravenous injections of histamine to miniature swine with experimentally induced atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary artery. The spasm induced in this way subsided either spontaneously or after the administration of nitroglycerin and was prevented by a calcium antagonist or an agent that blocks histamine H1 receptors. This model, which suggests that atherosclerotic changes may be one of the primary factors in the occurrence of coronary artery spasm, should facilitate studies on the pathogenesis of this condition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimokawa, H -- Tomoike, H -- Nabeyama, S -- Yamamoto, H -- Araki, H -- Nakamura, M -- Ishii, Y -- Tanaka, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):560-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6408736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriosclerosis/complications/pathology/*physiopathology ; Cimetidine/pharmacology ; Coronary Vasospasm/*chemically induced ; Coronary Vessels/drug effects/pathology ; Dogs ; Ergonovine/pharmacology ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Nitroglycerin/pharmacology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
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    An unusual glucocerebroside in the crustacean nervous system (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-24
    Description: High concentrations of glucocerebroside (glucosylceramide) were found in the ventral nerve cord, brain, optic nerve, and antenna, but not in the nonneural tissue, of the brown shrimp Penaeus aztecus aztecus. This lipid contained unusual sphingoid bases consisting of 14-, 15-, and 16-carbon sphinganines and sphingenines. The fatty acids were mainly nonhydroxylated homologs 22 carbons long and longer, similar to those found in galactocerebroside but differing from those in glucocerebroside in mammalian nervous systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimomura, K -- Hanjura, S -- Ki, P F -- Kishimoto, Y -- HD-10981/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS-13559/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-13569/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 24;220(4604):1392-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amphibians ; Animals ; Astacoidea ; Brain/metabolism ; Cerebrosides/*analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Decapoda (Crustacea)/*analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Glucosylceramides/*analysis ; Mammals ; Nephropidae ; Nervous System/*analysis
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    Atypical pulmonary thrombosis caused by a toxic cyanobacterial peptide (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-24
    Description: Parenteral injection into mice of a toxic pentapeptide isolated from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa induced thrombocytopenia, pulmonary thrombi, and hepatic congestion. The lethality of the toxin was unaffected by several anticoagulants. The acute liver damage that follows injection of the toxin has been attributed to direct action on liver cells but may be due to hypoxemia, heart failure, and shock.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slatkin, D N -- Stoner, R D -- Adams, W H -- Kycia, J H -- Siegelman, H W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 24;220(4604):1383-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407109" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bacterial Toxins ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Cyanobacteria/*metabolism ; Female ; Liver/pathology ; Lung/pathology ; Marine Toxins/*adverse effects ; Mice ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Platelet Count ; Pulmonary Embolism/*chemically induced/microbiology/pathology ; Thrombocytopenia/chemically induced
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  • 147
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    Postnatally induced formation of the corpus callosum in acallosal mice on glia-coated cellulose bridges (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: Developing axons of the corpus callosum of mice are guided across the cerebral midline by a slinglike glial structure that forms transiently between the hemispheres. If the "sling" is cut at precallosal stages, the would-be callosal fibers whirl into paired neuromas adjacent to the longitudinal cerebral fissure. In experiments on such surgically acallosal animals, the aberrant commissural axons maintained a potential to regrow across the hemispheres at prenatal and early postnatal stages if they were presented with a properly aligned, glia-covered scaffold spanning the hemispheres.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silver, J -- Ogawa, M Y -- NS-15731/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1067-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Brain/embryology/physiology ; Cellulose ; Corpus Callosum/embryology/*growth & development ; Embryo, Mammalian/physiology ; Fetus/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuroglia/physiology
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    Recombination during gene transfer into mouse cells can restore the function of deleted genes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: Two plasmids containing nonoverlapping deletions of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene were introduced into thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L cells by DNA-mediated gene transfer. Thymidine kinase-producing transformants were generated by a mixture of the two plasmids at a frequency significantly greater than that generated by either plasmid alone. Southern blot analyses demonstrated that functional thymidine kinase genes were generated by homologous recombination between the two deletion mutants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Small, J -- Scangos, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6294829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Deletion ; *Genetic Engineering ; Mice ; Mutation ; *Plasmids ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Simplexvirus ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics
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  • 149
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    Calicivirus isolation and persistence in a pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: What may be the first calicivirus isolate from any primate species, including man, was recovered from a herpesvirus-like lip lesion on a pygmy chimpanzee and then, 6 months later, from the throat of the same animal. The infected individual and its cage mates had circulating antibodies that were type-specific for this calicivirus. The agent was antigenically different from 30 other calicivirus serotypes and is tentatively designated primate calicivirus Pan paniscus type 1 (PCV-Pan 1).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, A W -- Skilling, D E -- Ensley, P K -- Benirschke, K -- Lester, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):79-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Caliciviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Cats ; Cattle ; Hominidae/*microbiology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Picornaviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Swine
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Gene transfer by polyoma-like particles assembled in a cell-free system (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: Empty capsids of polyoma virus interact with DNA in a cell-free system to form polyoma-like particles (PLP). The DNA in these particles is protected from the action of pancreatic deoxyribonuclease. Transfer of genetic information by PLP has been accomplished by using a restriction fragment containing the transforming sequences of polyoma DNA as a model gene. Infection of rat F111 cells by PLP containing these sequences results in DNA-mediated cellular transformation. Gene transfer by PLP is 50 to 150 times more efficient than by the calcium phosphate precipitation method.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slilaty, S N -- Aposhian, H V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):725-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cell-Free System ; DNA/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Viral ; Polyomavirus/*genetics ; Rats
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    An excitatory amino acid antagonist blocks cone input to sign-conserving second-order retinal neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: cis-2,3-Piperidinedicarboxylic acid (PDA), an excitatory amino acid antagonist, reversibly blocked cone input to OFF bipolars and horizontal cells, whereas ON bipolars were relatively unaffected. Kainic acid effects were also blocked, indicating a postsynaptic mechanism of action. The use of PDA helps to characterize one of two classes of excitatory amino acid synaptic receptors that mediate cone influence in the outer retina.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slaughter, M M -- Miller, R F -- R01 EY03014/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R23 EY03868/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1230-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6131536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/*physiology ; Animals ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Necturus ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Pipecolic Acids ; Retina/cytology/*physiology
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  • 152
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    Tolerance develops to the disruptive effects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on primate menstrual cycle (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: Long-term exposure of sexually mature female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulata) to thrice weekly injections of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol resulted in a disruption of menstrual cycles that lasted for several months. This period was marked by an absence of ovulation and decreased basal concentrations of gonadotropin and sex steroids in the plasma. After this period, normal cycles and hormone concentrations were reestablished. These studies demonstrate that in rhesus monkeys subjected to long-term treatment with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol tolerance develops to the disruptive effects of the drug on the menstrual cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, C G -- Almirez, R G -- Berenberg, J -- Asch, R H -- R01-2063/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1453-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6298938" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anovulation/physiopathology ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Drug Tolerance ; Female ; Macaca mulatta ; Menstruation/*drug effects ; Prolactin/blood
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  • 153
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    Extracts of skeletal muscle increase neurite outgrowth and cholinergic activity of fetal rat spinal motor neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: A soluble extract of rat skeletal muscle increased neurite outgrowth and cholinergic activity of dissociated ventral spinal neurons in culture. The effects were concentration-dependent, saturable, and labile in the presence of heat or trypsin. The morphological enhancement was produced only by skeletal muscle extract and decreased with developmental age, whereas the cholinergic enhancement was produced by extracts of cerebral cortex and cardiac and skeletal muscle and did not change with age. These changes were specific for ventral cord neurons, but no species specificity was observed with respect to the muscle source or the neuronal target.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R G -- Appel, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1079-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*biosynthesis ; Animals ; Ganglia, Spinal/cytology ; Motor Neurons/*growth & development/metabolism ; Muscles/embryology/*physiology ; Rats
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  • 154
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    Hemagglutinin variants of reovirus type 3 have altered central nervous system tropism (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Variants of the Dearing strain of reovirus type 3 with antigenically altered hemagglutinin proteins are much less neurovirulent than the parental virus. When injected intracerebrally into mice these variants infected a subset of the brain neurons that were infected by the parental virus. When injected intraperitoneally, the variants did not spread to the brain. These results indicate that minor modifications of the reovirus hemagglutinin dramatically alter the ability of the virus to spread into and injure the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spriggs, D R -- Bronson, R T -- Fields, B N -- NS-16998-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):505-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Diseases/*microbiology/pathology ; Hemagglutination Tests ; Mammalian orthoreovirus 3/immunology/*pathogenicity ; Mice ; Reoviridae/*pathogenicity ; Reoviridae Infections/microbiology/pathology
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  • 155
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    Optimization: a result or a mechanism? (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Staddon, J E -- Hinson, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):976-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Choice Behavior/*physiology ; Columbidae
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  • 156
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    Rapid degradation of "new" acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-07
    Description: Acetylcholine receptors at innervated neuromuscular junctions are very stable, with half-lives reported to be 6 to 13 days. Their turnover is described as a first-order process, implying a single population of receptors. In this study, two subpopulations of acetylcholine receptors at normally innervated junctions have been identified. One has a rapid turnover rate with a half-life of 18.7 hours, similar to that of extrajunctional receptors, and the other has a slow turnover rate with a half-life of 12.4 days. The rapidly turned over subpopulation represents approximately 20 percent of the total junctional receptors. This finding may account for the discrepancies in previous reports of turnover rates and may explain the rapid reversibility in vivo of agents that "irreversibly" block acetylcholine receptors. This finding also implies that the synthesis rate of junctional acetylcholine receptors may be higher than previous estimates. The rapidly turned-over subpopulation may represent receptors that were newly inserted into the neuromuscular junction and that were not yet stabilized by an influence of the motor nerve.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stanley, E F -- Drachman, D B -- 5 P01 NS10920/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 5 R01 HD04817/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 7;222(4619):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bungarotoxins ; Diaphragm ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Neuromuscular Junction/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cholinergic/biosynthesis/classification/*metabolism ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism
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  • 157
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    Bovine x mouse hybridomas that secrete bovine immunoglobulin G1 (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: The interspecific fusion of normal bovine lymphocytes with a nonsecreting mouse hybridoma produced stable cell lines secreting bovine immunoglobulins. One of these lines has continued to secrete immunoglobulin G1 (5 to 10 micrograms per milliliter) for over 16 months. The bovine x mouse hybrid cells can be expected to provide bovine monoclonal immunoglobulins for sequencing studies and for use as serological standards as well as to provide messenger RNA for cloning bovine immunoglobulin genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Srikumaran, S -- Guidry, A J -- Goldsby, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):522-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6403985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Hybridomas/*immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/*biosynthesis/immunology/isolation & purification ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/immunology ; Immunoglobulin M/immunology ; Mice ; Radioimmunoassay
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    Development of hindlimb locomotor activity in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) studied in vitro (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: The isolated central nervous system of the bullfrog larva (tadpole) is a valuable model system for studying the development of central motor control because the neural activity for locomotion is expressed in vitro. Patterned synaptic activation of immature hindlimb motoneurons is present before the bones and muscles of the hindlimb differentiate, and it develops against the background of the tadpole's functionally mature motor program for tail oscillations. This activation of hindlimb motoneurons later produces patterned bursting that underlies coordinated stepping and frog kicks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stehouwer, D J -- Farel, P B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):516-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6600518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Central Nervous System/physiology ; Hindlimb/*innervation ; Larva ; *Locomotion ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Rana catesbeiana/*physiology ; Spinal Nerve Roots/physiology
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    Genes of the major histocompatibility complex in mouse and man (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: The genes of the major histocompatibility complex code for cell-surface molecules that play an important role in the generation of the immune response. These genes and molecules have been studied intensively over the last five decades by geneticists, biochemists, and immunologists, but only recently has the isolation of the genes by molecular biologists facilitated their precise characterization. Many surprising findings have been made concerning their structure, multiplicity, organization, function, and evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinmetz, M -- Hood, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):727-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356354" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genes ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; HLA Antigens/*genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein Conformation
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    Serological visualization of interleukin 2 (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: Interleukin 2, a lymphokine that acts as a second signal of cellular immune response by way of its action as a T-cell growth factor, was morphologically identified by immunoperoxidase staining. With the use of a monoclonal antibody to interleukin 2 and several complex-forming antisera, the lymphokine was readily distinguished in cytocentrifuge preparations of peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with a T-cell mitogen. When preparations of cloned interleukin 2 producer and responder cells were stained by the same procedures, discrete patterns of both responder and producer cell phenotypes were revealed. Interleukin 2 producer T cells exhibited a characteristic intense, ringlike cytoplasmic staining, whereas the responder cells (as exemplified by interleukin 2-dependent cell lines) exhibited a less intensive, spotlike membrane staining. In addition, intense membrane localization of interleukin 2, reminiscent of potential capping phenomena, could be observed in stained preparations of cloned responder cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinmann, G -- Conlon, P -- Hefeneider, S -- Gillis, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1188-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Interleukin-2/*physiology ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
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  • 161
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    Polypeptide transforming growth factors isolated from bovine sources and used for wound healing in vivo (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: Transforming growth factors, which are polypeptides that induce the transformed phenotype in nonneoplastic cells, have been isolated in bulk amounts from bovine salivary gland and kidney. In experiments in which wound healing chambers were implanted subcutaneously in the backs of rats, these bovine transforming growth factors accelerated the accumulation of total protein, collagen, and DNA in treated chambers. These studies thus show an effect of an isolated transforming growth factor in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sporn, M B -- Roberts, A B -- Shull, J H -- Smith, J M -- Ward, J M -- Sodek, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1329-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6572416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Growth Substances/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Kidney/analysis ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Salivary Glands/analysis ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Wound Healing/*drug effects
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  • 162
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    Human macrophages armed with murine immunoglobulin G2a antibodies to tumors destroy human cancer cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: Macrophages isolated from tumor-bearing patients as well as cultured human monocytes express Fc receptors that cross-react strongly with murine immunoglobulins of the G2a but only slightly or not at all with the G1, G2b, or G3 subclasses. Such macrophages in the presence of murine immunoglobulin G2a monoclonal antibodies to tumors mediated the killing of tumor cells in vitro. These data suggest that monoclonal antibodies of the G2a subclass may be useful in the immunotherapy of human cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steplewski, Z -- Lubeck, M D -- Koprowski, H -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-25874/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):865-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; *Immunity, Cellular ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Mice ; Monocytes/immunology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology/therapy ; Receptors, Fc/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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  • 163
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    Suppression of the humoral antibody response in natural retrovirus infections (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: The feline leukemia virus (FeLV) frequently causes death by predisposing the host to acute infections by other pathogens rather than by inducing leukemia. In a previous study, cats infected with FeLV were found to have prolonged homograft rejection responses but there was no evidence that the humoral immune response was impaired. In the present study, the humoral response to the synthetic multichain polypeptide (L-tyrosine-L-glutamic acid)-poly-DL-alanine-poly-L-lysine, denoted (T.G)AL, was found to be significantly depressed in healthy cats that were naturally infected with FeLV compared to uninfected controls. In cats with persistent FeLV viremia the major antibody response to (T.G)AL, normally seen at days 9 to 14 after immunization, was both delayed and greatly reduced.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trainin, Z -- Wernicke, D -- Ungar-Waron, H -- Essex, M -- CA-13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-18216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):858-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Cats ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Graft Rejection ; Immune Tolerance ; Leukemia/*immunology ; Leukemia Virus, Feline ; Peptides/immunology ; Rodentia
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  • 164
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    Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity and homovanillic acid in spinal fluid of schizophrenics with brain atrophy (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Schizophrenic patients with high ventricle brain ratios and cortical brain atrophy, as shown by computerized tomography, had decreased spinal fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity. These decreased cerebral spinal fluid concentrations in patients with brain atrophy support the proposal of disturbed noradrenaline and dopamine neurotransmission in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Kammen, D P -- Mann, L S -- Sternberg, D E -- Scheinin, M -- Ninan, P T -- Marder, S R -- van Kammen, W B -- Rieder, R O -- Linnoila, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):974-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6133351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects ; Atrophy ; Brain/metabolism/*pathology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Homovanillic Acid/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phenylacetates/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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  • 165
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    Carbocyclic arabinofuranosyladenine (cyclaradine): efficacy against genital herpes in guinea pigs (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-30
    Description: Carbocyclic arabinofuranosyladenine (cyclaradine), a novel nucleoside analog with such desired features as hydrolytic and enzymatic stability, adenosine deaminase resistance, and low systemic toxicity, inhibited the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. The 5'-methoxyacetate prodrug form exhibited significant efficacy in the topical treatment of genital infections by herpes simplex virus type 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vince, R -- Daluge, S -- Lee, H -- Shannon, W M -- Arnett, G -- Schafer, T W -- Nagabhushan, T L -- Reichert, P -- Tsai, H -- CA 23263/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 30;221(4618):1405-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6684328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Herpes Genitalis/*drug therapy ; Male ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Vidarabine/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use
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  • 166
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    Potassium currents in Drosophila: different components affected by mutations of two genes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: Electrophysiological analysis of the Drosophila behavioral mutants Eag and Sh and the double mutant Eag Sh indicates that the products of both genes take part in the control of potassium currents in the membranes of both nerve and muscle. In voltage-clamped larval muscle fibers, Sh affects the transient A current, whereas Eag reduces the delayed rectification and, to a lesser extent, the A current.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, C F -- Ganetzky, B -- Haugland, F N -- Liu, A X -- NS00675/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15797/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS18500/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Drosophila/genetics ; Electrophysiology ; Genes ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Larva ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscles/metabolism ; *Mutation ; Neuromuscular Junction/metabolism ; Potassium/*metabolism
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  • 167
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    Spectral consequences of photoreceptor sampling in the rhesus retina (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-22
    Description: Optical transforms were used to compute the power spectra of rhesus cones treated as arrays of image sampling points. Spectra were obtained for the central fovea, parafovea, periphery, and far periphery. All were consistent with a novel spatial sampling principle that introduces minimal noise for spatial frequencies below the Nyquist limits implied by local receptor densities, while frequencies above the nominal Nyquist limits are not converted into conspicuous moire patterns, but instead are scattered into broadband noise. This sampling scheme allows the visual system to escape aliasing distortion despite a large mismatch between retinal image bandwidth and the Nyquist limits implied by extrafoveal cone densities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yellott, J I Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 22;221(4608):382-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867716" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fovea Centralis ; Macaca mulatta ; Photomicrography ; Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Retina/*physiology/ultrastructure
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  • 168
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    Retinal capillaries: basement membrane thickening by galactosemia prevented with aldose reductase inhibitor (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: A twofold thickening of capillary basement membranes of rat retinas resulting from dietary galactose was prevented by sorbinil, an inhibitor of aldose reductase. Since the basement membrane thickening was ultrastructurally similar to that typical of diabetic retinopathy, it may indicate changes in vessel permeability and susceptibility to hemorrhage. Galactosemic rats should be useful models for studying basement membrane-related complications of diabetes and for examining the potential biochemical regulation of basement membrane synthesis by aldose reductase inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robison, W G Jr -- Kador, P F -- Kinoshita, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1177-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basement Membrane/*pathology ; Capillaries/pathology ; Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Galactosemias/drug therapy/*pathology ; Imidazoles/*therapeutic use ; *Imidazolidines ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Retinal Vessels/*pathology
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  • 169
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    Nicarbazin complex yields dinitrocarbanilide as ultrafine crystals with improved anticoccidial activity (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: Nicarbazin, a drug used to control the protozoal disease coccidiosis in poultry, is a complex of the highly insoluble drug 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide with 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. The structures of this and other 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide complexes have not been determined, but an analogous 2:1 complex of 4,4'-dinitrodiphenylamine with 1,4-diacetylpiperazine has been prepared in which the only possible bonds are hydrogen bonds between the amide carbonyls and amino hydrogens. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that micron-size crystals of nicarbazin disintegrate in water to form much smaller dinitrocarbanilide crystals. Similar complex dissolution in the gut of poultry may account for the greater effectiveness of dinitrocarbanilide when administered as complexed rather than uncomplexed drug. Particle size problems associated with other highly insoluble drugs and pesticides may be resolved by the use of nicarbazin-like complexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, E F -- Brown, R D -- Brown, J E -- Kazazis, D M -- Leanza, W J -- Nichols, J R -- Ostlind, D A -- Rodino, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):630-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbanilides/*administration & dosage ; Chickens ; Coccidiostats ; Crystallization ; Intestinal Absorption ; Nicarbazin/*administration & dosage ; Poultry Diseases/*prevention & control ; Solubility ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 170
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    Circumventing the blood-brain barrier with autonomic ganglion transplants (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: Superior cervical ganglia, whose vessels are fenestrated and permeable to protein tracers such as horseradish peroxidase, were transplanted to undamaged surfaces in the fourth ventricle of rat pup brains. Horseradish peroxidase, infused systemically into the host, was exuded from the graft's vessels into the graft's extracellular stroma within 1 minute. At later times the glycoprotein reached the extracellular clefts of adjacent brain tissue, the vessels of which appeared to retain their impermeability. The blood-brain barrier to horseradish peroxide was thus bypassed where the extracellular compartments of graft and brain became confluent. The graft of autonomic ganglia can serve as a portal through which peptides, hormones, and immunoglobulins may likewise enter the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenstein, J M -- Brightman, M W -- NS-17468/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):879-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood-Brain Barrier ; Cerebral Ventricles/*physiology ; Ganglia, Autonomic/blood supply/physiology/*transplantation ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Rats
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  • 171
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    BK viral enhancer element and a human cellular homolog (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Comparison of two closely related primate papovaviruses, simian virus 40 (SV40) and human BK virus (BKV), reveals that the only region of extensive divergence, the tandem sequences adjacent to the origins of DNA replication, is responsible in SV40 for enhancing early gene expression. This study demonstrates a similar enhancer function for the analogous repeated region in BKV. The dissimilarity in sequence of the BKV and SV40 enhancer elements suggests that they may have been acquired since SV40 and BKV diverged. A locus cloned from the human genome homologous to the BKV tandem repeats has been shown to function as low level enhancer element in mammalian cells. These data support the hypothesis that viral enhancer sequences may be evolutionarily related to host cell sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenthal, N -- Kress, M -- Gruss, P -- Khoury, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):749-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6314501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BK Virus/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polyomavirus/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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  • 172
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    Biogenesis of ornithine transcarbamylase in spfash mutant mice: two cytoplasmic precursors, one mitochondrial enzyme (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Extracts of liver from hemizygous affected mice with the X-linked spfash mutation have 5 to 10 percent of normal ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) activity, yet the homogeneous enzyme isolated from these extracts is identical to that in controls. The OTC messenger RNA from mutant livers programs the synthesis of two distinct OTC precursor polypeptides--one normal in size, the other distinctly elongated. Both precursors are imported and proteolytically processed by mitochondria, but only the normal one is assembled into active trimer. This novel phenotype may result from a mutation in the structural gene for OTC leading, primarily, to aberrant splicing of OTC messenger RNA and, secondarily, to formation of a structurally altered precursor whose posttranslational pathway is ultimately futile because its mature mitochondrial form is not capable of assembly and functional expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, L E -- Kalousek, F -- Orsulak, M D -- AM 09527/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):426-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Genes ; Liver/enzymology ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains/genetics/physiology ; Mitochondria, Liver/enzymology ; Mutation ; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 173
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    Transfusions of whole blood prevent spontaneous diabetes mellitus in the BB/W rat (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: Weekly transfusions of whole blood from a nondiabetic subline of BB/W rats reduced the incidence of diabetes in susceptible BB/W rats from 39 to 0 percent and the incidence of pancreatic insulitis from 64 to 6 percent. Responsiveness of lymphocytes to concanavalin A was found to be low in rats with diabetes or insulitis. Transfusion restored concanavalin A responsiveness to levels observed in control rats free of diabetes or insulitis. These data suggest that whole blood alters the course of autoimmune BB/W rat diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rossini, A A -- Mordes, J P -- Pelletier, A M -- Like, A A -- AM19155/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM25306/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):975-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Transfusion ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*immunology/*prevention & control ; Macrophages/immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Mutant Strains
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  • 174
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    Immunoreactive dynorphin-(1-8) and corticotropin- releasing factor in subpopulation of hypothalamic neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: Immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and dynorphin-(I-8) were visualized in rat hypothalamus by immunohistofluorescence with specific antibodies. In brains from colchicine-treated, adrenalectomized rats, neuronal perikarya with immunoreactive CRF were observed in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. The CRF occurred together with the dynorphin-(1-8). However, the CRF immunoreactivity occurred only in a subpopulation of the dynorphin-(1-8) immunoreactive cells. These findings suggest that there may be a functional interrelationship of CRF with dynorphin-related opioid peptides and provide further evidence that neurons may contain more than one bioactive substance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, K A -- Weber, E -- Barchas, J D -- Chang, D -- Chang, J K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):189-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6129700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/immunology/*metabolism ; Dynorphins ; Endorphins/immunology/*metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Hypothalamus/cytology/*metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Rats
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  • 175
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    Deformed whiskers in mice infected with certain exogenous murine leukemia viruses (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Mice infected at birth with replication competent Friend, Moloney, CasBr-M, C2S-M, and 1504-A murine leukemia viruses developed abnormalities of the vibrissae consisting of erratic curvature, shortening, and loss. A number of other virus strains, as well as endogenous AKR-type ecotropic virus and AKR-type, mink cell focus-inducing (MCF) viruses, did not produce these abnormalities. In mice with erythroid and myeloid leukemia, the perivibrissal sinus is the site of extramedullary hematopoiesis, but this did not appear to be the basis of the deformities. Genetic evidence indicated that newly arisen MCF-type recombinant viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of the abnormalities, at least with some of the virus systems studied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rowe, W P -- N01-AI-22673/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):562-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6306769" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AKR murine leukemia virus ; Animals ; Friend murine leukemia virus ; Hair/*pathology ; Leukemia Virus, Murine ; Leukemia, Experimental/*pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred AKR ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Moloney murine leukemia virus
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  • 176
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    Biotinated probe containing a long-terminal repeat hybridized to a mouse colon tumor and normal tissue (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-23
    Description: The cloned complementary DNA pMCT-1, which contains an intracisternal A particle long-terminal repeat, is more highly expressed in a mouse colon tumor than in the normal mouse colon. In situ hybridization of biotin-substituted pMCT-1 to fixed frozen sections shows that expression of pMCT-1 is seen throughout the tumor and is highly heterogeneous on a cellular basis, while expression is undetectable in any cell in the normal colonic mucosa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Royston, M E -- Augenlicht, L H -- CA 22367/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 33383/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 23;222(4630):1339-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6689218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotin ; Colon/*analysis ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology ; Dna ; Interphase ; Intestinal Mucosa/analysis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 177
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    Dimethyl sulfoxide stimulates tyrosine residue phosphorylation of rat liver epidermal growth factor receptor (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: Epidermal growth factor, a potent mitogen, stimulates phosphorylation of its 170,000-dalton plasma membrane receptor. Dimethyl sulfoxide selectively increased phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor in rat liver microsomal fraction. Maximal stimulation occurred at 15 to 25 percent dimethyl sulfoxide and resembled the effect of epidermal growth factor in magnitude and rapidity. Like epidermal growth factor, dimethyl sulfoxide selectively stimulated tyrosine residue phosphorylation of this protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubin, R A -- Earp, H S -- 5T32 CA 90156/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AM-30002/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):60-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6294827" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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  • 178
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    Development of the place principle: acoustic trauma (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: Developmental changes in the site of receptor damage following pure-tone acoustic overstimulation were examined in the basilar papillae of embryonic and hatchling chickens. During development, a systematic shift in the position of damage toward the apex of the cochlea was produced by each of three frequencies, suggesting that the transduction properties of the sensory epithelium systematically shift with age. These results imply that neurons in the central nervous system may be maximally stimulated by different sounds during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubel, E W -- Ryals, B M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Age Factors ; Animals ; Basilar Membrane/physiology ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Cochlea/*embryology/physiology ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/physiology
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  • 179
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    Fourier transform infrared difference spectra of intermediates in rhodopsin bleaching (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: The membrane protein rhodopsin is the primary light receptor in vision. Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy is sensitive to conformational changes in both the protein and the retinylidene chromophore of rhodopsin. By blocking rhodopsin bleaching at specific intermediates, it is possible to elucidate some of the primary molecular events of vision.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rothschild, K J -- Cantore, W A -- Marrero, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1333-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Fourier Analysis ; Protein Conformation ; *Retinal Pigments ; *Rhodopsin ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; *Vision, Ocular
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  • 180
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    Synaptic activity mediates death of hypoxic neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Cultured hippocampal neurons, when exposed to cyanide or an anoxic atmosphere in the early stages of differentiation, were not visibly affected. However, neurons in the mature cultures died when exposed to cyanide or anoxia. Cell death could be prevented by treatment with magnesium, which eliminates synaptic activity. These observations suggest that damage in hypoxic neurons is mediated by synaptic activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rothman, S M -- 5 K07 N500568-02/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):536-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Anoxia/*metabolism/physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Magnesium Chloride ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; Rats ; Sodium Cyanide/pharmacology ; Synapses/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 181
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    A cancer-associated lactate dehydrogenase is expressed in normal retina (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: An unusual isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase k, is found in high concentrations in cultured cells transformed by the Kirsten murine sarcoma virus and in many human cancer tissues. In experiments described here high levels of a lactate dehydrogenase k activity were detected in extracts of normal rodent retina. This activity had the same key properties as the human tumor isozyme, namely, a highly cathodic electrophoretic mobility and inhibition of enzymatic activity by oxygen and 5',5'-dipurinenucleoside tetraphosphates. Expression of this activity in the retina may be related to the high aerobic glycolysis characteristic of the retina, a metabolic feature shared with many tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saavedra, R A -- Anderson, G R -- CA32022/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM28098/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):291-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Chickens ; Electrophoresis ; Glycolysis ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms/*enzymology ; Oxygen/pharmacology ; Rats ; Retina/*enzymology
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  • 182
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    Differential gene expression in the gastrula of Xenopus laevis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: A modified cloning method designed to produce differential complementary DNA libraries permits the isolation of sequences that are present in the RNA population of any developmental stage or tissue, but are not present or are much less abundant in another stage or tissue. Selective complementary DNA cloning is especially useful when the differentially expressed RNA's are of low to moderate abundance in the cells in which they occur. A class of cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA's differentially expressed in gastrula embryos of Xenopus laevis (DG RNA's) has been isolated. These DG RNA's occur very rarely or not at all in unfertilized eggs and blastulae, accumulate as the result of transcription before and during gastrulation, and, with some exceptions, decline in abundance as development proceeds. Many of these RNA molecules appear to be translated at the gastrula stage. Thus, DG RNA's may encode proteins that are important in the process of gastrulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sargent, T D -- Dawid, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):135-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6688681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gastrula/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus laevis/*embryology/genetics
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  • 183
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    Human endometrial adenocarcinoma transplanted into nude mice: growth regulation by estradiol (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: A model for studying the growth of primary tumors of human endometrium and its regulation by 17 beta-estradiol has been developed in which ovariectomized nude mice are used as recipients. The receptors for sex steroids are maintained during serial transplantation of the tumor in this system. Although the rate of growth of receptor-negative endometrial tumors transplanted into ovariectomized nude mice is unaffected by the sustained presence or absence of estradiol, the growth of receptor-positive tumors is significantly increased by estradiol. Receptor-positive tumors treated with estradiol produced elevated concentrations of progesterone receptor. That the progesterone receptor is functional in this tumor is evident from the induction of estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase activity upon progestin administration. These findings are consistent with receptor-mediated regulation of growth of endometrial carcinoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Satyaswaroop, P G -- Zaino, R J -- Mortel, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):58-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/metabolism/*pathology ; Animals ; Castration ; Estradiol/*physiology ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Uterine Neoplasms/metabolism/*pathology
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  • 184
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    Altered activity patterns during development reduce neural tuning (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: Neonatal mice were reared in an acoustic environment that repetitively entrained activity in a large proportion of primary auditory afferents during the period when the frequency tuning of auditory neurons normally develops. The tuning curves obtained from these mice were significantly broader than those of normally reared mice of the same age. This suggests that the normal frequency tuning of neurons was prevented or delayed by synchronizing the pattern of activity imposed on the auditory pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanes, D H -- Constantine-Paton, M -- 5T32GM07312/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Inferior Colliculi/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Models, Neurological
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  • 185
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    Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: Tumor ascites fluids from guinea pigs, hamsters, and mice contain activity that rapidly increases microvascular permeability. Similar activity is also secreted by these tumor cells and a variety of other tumor cell lines in vitro. The permeability-increasing activity purified from either the culture medium or ascites fluid of one tumor, the guinea pig line 10 hepatocarcinoma, is a 34,000- to 42,000-dalton protein distinct from other known permeability factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Senger, D R -- Galli, S J -- Dvorak, A M -- Perruzzi, C A -- Harvey, V S -- Dvorak, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):983-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascites/physiopathology ; Ascitic Fluid/physiology ; *Capillary Permeability ; Cricetinae ; Guinea Pigs ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology
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  • 186
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    Increased chromosomal mutation rate after hybridization between two subspecies of grasshoppers (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: Hybridization between two chromosomally distinct subspecies of the grasshopper Caledia captiva results in a high incidence of novel chromosomal rearrangements among the backcross progeny. Rearrangements are restricted to those chromosomes derived from the F1 hybrid parent. Chromosomal involvement is nonrandom with the same rearrangement occurring repeatedly in different backcrosses. A single individual can also generate an array of different rearrangements among its offspring. Several of the rearrangements have also been found in natural populations. The nonrandom and recurrent nature of these chromosomal mutations at high frequencies provides a plausible explanation for the establishment and fixation of chromosomal rearrangements in natural populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, D D -- Wilkinson, P -- Coates, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1165-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Grasshoppers/*genetics ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; *Mutation
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  • 187
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    Bromine residue at hydrophilic region influences biological activity of aplysiatoxin, a tumor promoter (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: Aplysiatoxin and debromoaplysiatoxin, which are isolated from the seaweed, Lyngbya gracilis, differ in their chemical structure only by the presence or absence of a bromine residue in the hydrophilic region. The function and the structure-activity relation of the hydrophilic region are not known. Aplysiatoxin increased malignant transformation, stimulated DNA synthesis, and inhibited the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and epidermal growth factor to cell receptors. Debromoaplysiatoxin inhibited the binding of these two substances as strongly as aplysiatoxin but did not increase malignant transformation or stimulate DNA synthesis. These results indicate that a slight change in the chemical structure of the hydrophilic region of aplysiatoxin affects its abilities to increase cell transformation and stimulate DNA synthesis and that the abilities of the tumor promoters to inhibit the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and epidermal growth factor are dissociable from their abilities to increase cell transformation and stimulate DNA synthesis under some circumstances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimomura, K -- Mullinix, M G -- Kakunaga, T -- Fujiki, H -- Sugimura, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1242-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Carrier Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Lactones/analysis/*pharmacology ; *Lyngbya Toxins ; Mice ; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate ; Phorbol Esters/metabolism ; *Protein Kinase C ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; *Receptors, Drug ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 188
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    Thrombin stimulation of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate formation in murine neuroblastoma cells (clone N1E-115) (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Thrombin, the central regulatory enzyme in coagulation, when incubated in nanomolar concentrations with murine neuroblastoma cells produced a rapid and marked increase in tritiated guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) formation that was blocked by hirudin and competitively antagonized by dansylarginine N-(3-ethyl-1,5-pentanediyl)amide. Diisopropylphosphofluoridate-inactivated thrombin as well as the serine protease trypsin were markedly less potent and less effective than alpha-thrombin in producing this effect. Thrombin-stimulated cyclic GMP formation was inhibited by mepacrine and nordihydroguaiaretic acid but unaffected by indomethacin, suggesting that lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid are involved in the response. These results suggest that a thrombin-like protease in the brain may be involved with the function of neurons or that thrombin interactions with nerve cells, such as those following cerebral hemorrhage or other trauma of the central nervous system, may be important in the subsequent neuropathology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snider, R M -- Richelson, E -- HL07111/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MH27692/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):566-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6306770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Blood Platelets/physiology ; Catechols/pharmacology ; Clone Cells ; Cyclic GMP/analysis/*biosynthesis ; *Dansyl Compounds ; Hirudins/pharmacology ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; Masoprocol ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma/analysis/*metabolism ; Thrombin/analysis/*pharmacology ; Trypsin/analysis
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  • 189
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    [123I]Insulin metabolism in normal rats and humans: external detection by a scintillation camera (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-18
    Description: [123I]Insulin was injected intravenously into rats and the distribution and kinetics of radioactivity were analyzed by external detection with a scintillation camera connected to a computer. When injected alone, [123I]insulin was rapidly taken up by the liver and to a smaller extent by the kidneys. After reaching a maximum at 3 to 5 minutes after injection, liver radioactivity rapidly declined and free iodide appeared in the plasma. After previous saturation of the insulin receptor compartment, [123I]insulin was concentrated by the kidneys only and the rate of appearance of free iodide was markedly decreased. The results demonstrate the potential usefulness of this noninvasive technique to visualize insulin interaction with the liver and kidneys and to study the rate of insulin degradation by each organ in vivo. Preliminary experiments in man demonstrate its feasibility and low radiotoxicity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sodoyez, J C -- Sodoyez-Goffaux, F -- Guillaume, M -- Merchie, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 18;219(4586):865-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6337399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Kidney/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Rats ; Tissue Distribution ; Urinary Bladder/metabolism
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  • 190
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    Altered activity in the hippocampus is more detrimental to classical conditioning than removing the structure (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Hippocampal ablation has no effect on the acquisition of the rabbit's classically conditioned nictitating membrane response. Systemic administration of scopolamine, which alters hippocampal neuronal activity, severely retards acquisition of the conditioned response in normal animals and those with cortical ablations. In animals with hippocampal ablations, however, scopolamine has no effect on conditioning. These findings suggest that altered neuronal activity in the hippocampus is more detrimental to conditioning than removing the structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Solomon, P R -- Solomon, S D -- Schaaf, E V -- Perry, H E -- MH33381/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):329-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conditioning, Classical/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Nictitating Membrane/physiology ; Rabbits ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide/pharmacology
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  • 191
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    Amiloride directly inhibits the Na,K-ATPase activity of rabbit kidney proximal tubules (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Amiloride inhibited the ouabain-sensitive rate of oxygen consumption (QO2) of a suspension of rabbit intact proximal tubules in the presence of different concentrations of extracellular sodium. Measurements of the ouabain-sensitive QO2 in the presence of nystatin, the tissue sodium and potassium contents of the tubules in suspension, and the sodium- and potassium-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase) activity of lysed tubule membranes indicated that the effect of amiloride was due to a direct inhibition of the Na,K-ATPase activity of the proximal tubule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soltoff, S P -- Mandel, L J -- AM26816/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM29256/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):957-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amiloride/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Ion Channels/drug effects ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/drug effects/*enzymology ; Nystatin/pharmacology ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Pyrazines/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Sodium/metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
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  • 192
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    Axonal proteins of presynaptic neurons during synaptogenesis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: Changes occur in the synthesis and axonal transport of neuronal proteins in dorsal-root ganglia axons as a result of contact with cells from the spinal cord during synapse formation. Dorsal-root ganglia cells were cultured in a compartmental cel culture system that allows separate access to neuronal cell bodies and their axons. When cells from the ventral spinal cord were cultured with the dorsal-root ganglia axons, synapses were established within a few days. Metabolic labeling and two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed that four of more than 300 axonal proteins had changed in their expression by the time synapses were established. The highly selective nature of these changes suggests that the proteins involved may be important in the processes of axon growth and synapse formation and their regulation by the regional environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sonderegger, P -- Fishman, M C -- Bokoum, M -- Bauer, H C -- Nelson, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1294-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Isoelectric Point ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Synapses/*metabolism
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  • 193
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    Latrunculins: novel marine toxins that disrupt microfilament organization in cultured cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: Two toxins, latrunculins A and B, which contain a new class of 16- and 14-membered marine macrolides attached to the rare 2-thiazolidinone moiety, were purified recently from the Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica. The effects of these toxins on cultured mouse neuroblastoma and fibroblast cells have been evaluated. In both types of cells, submicromolar toxin concentrations rapidly induce striking changes in cell morphology that are reversible upon removal of the toxin. Immunofluorescence studies with antibodies specific for cytoskeletal proteins reveal that the toxins cause major alterations in the organization of microfilaments without obvious effects on the organization of the microtubular system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spector, I -- Shochet, N R -- Kashman, Y -- Groweiss, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):493-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6681676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; *Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton/*drug effects ; Fibroblasts/ultrastructure ; Marine Toxins/*pharmacology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Microtubules/drug effects ; Neuroblastoma/ultrastructure ; Thiazoles/*pharmacology ; Thiazolidines
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  • 194
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    X chromosome-linked transmission and expression of retroviral genomes microinjected into mouse zygotes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: A genomic clone consisting of the Moloney leukemia proviral genome with moderately repetitive mouse sequences was microinjected into the pronucleus of a mouse zygote. An animal was derived that carried multiple copies of proviral DNA in a tandem array. No evidence for homologous recombination was obtained. The viral genome was expressed in this animal and was transmitted as a single unit to its offspring. Subsequent breeding studies revealed that the proviral DNA had integrated on an X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stewart, C -- Harbers, K -- Jahner, D -- Jaenisch, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):760-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6683871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Microinjections ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sex Chromosomes/*physiology ; X Chromosome/*physiology
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  • 195
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    Stable antibody-producing murine hybridomas (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: A method is described for obtaining antibody-producing hybridomas that are preferentially retained in cultures of fused mouse spleen and myeloma cells. Hybridomas are produced by fusing mouse myeloma cells that are deficient in adenosine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) with mouse spleen cells containing Robertsonian 8.12 translocation chromosomes. The cell fusion mixtures are exposed to a culture medium that can be utilized only by APRT-positive cells, which results in the elimination of both unfused APRT-deficient myeloma cells and non-antibody-producing APRT-deficient hybridomas that arise by segregation of the 8.12 translocation chromosomes containing the APRT genes and the active heavy chain immunoglobulin gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taggart, R T -- Samloff, I M -- 1 P01 CA 16042/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1228-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6402815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase/deficiency ; Animals ; Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Hybridomas/*physiology ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Selection, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 196
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    Trypsin inhibition by tapeworms: antienzyme secretion or pH adjustment? (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: The tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta releases proteins that inhibit trypsin activity. These proteins may be either antienzymes or nonspecific macromolecules that interfere with trypsin. Saline solutions with initial pH values ranging from 5.5 to 10.0 were all acidified to pH 5.0 by tapeworms. If the initial pH was lower than 5.0, it was raised. Because trypsin activity is inhibited at pH 5.0, this intestinal parasite can protect itself from digestion by regulating its environmental pH or releasing trypsin inhibitors, or both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Uglem, G L -- Just, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):79-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hymenolepis/*physiology ; Intestines/parasitology ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Partial Pressure ; Rats ; Trypsin Inhibitors/*metabolism/secretion
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 197
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    Hypothalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid neurons project to the neocortex (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: Three groups of gamma-aminobutyric acid--containing neurons were found in the mammillary region of the posterior hypothalamus. The groups correspond to the tuberal, caudal, and postmammillary caudal magnocellular nuclei. Many cells in these nuclei were retrogradely labeled with fast blue after the injection of this fluorescent dye into the neocortex. Immunohistochemical experiments showed that these same neurons also contained the gamma-aminobutyric acid-synthesizing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase. These results provide morphological evidence for a gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway arising in magnocellular neurons of the posterior hypothalamus and innervating the neocortex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vincent, S R -- Hokfelt, T -- Skirboll, L R -- Wu, J Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*anatomy & histology/cytology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/physiology ; Hypothalamus/*anatomy & histology ; Hypothalamus, Posterior/*anatomy & histology/cytology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neural Pathways/anatomy & histology ; Rats ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 198
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    Fibronectin binds to some bacteria but does not promote their uptake by phagocytic cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-08
    Description: The involvement of plasma fibronectin in phagocytosis of bacteria was investigated by testing the binding of fibronectin to several species of bacteria and by evaluating the ability of fibronectin to promote binding and endocytosis of two species of these bacteria by phagocytic cells. Fibronectin binds non-covalently to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and to yeast but did not appear to be necessary or sufficient for uptake of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium by several different phagocytic cell types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van de Water, L -- Destree, A T -- Hynes, R O -- R01CA17007/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 8;220(4593):201-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Endocytosis ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Mice ; Opsonin Proteins/physiology ; *Phagocytosis ; Rabbits ; Salmonella typhimurium/metabolism ; Sepsis/immunology ; Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 199
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    Single-channel fluctuations in bimolecular lipid membranes induced by rat olfactory epithelial homogenates (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: Chemosensitive single-channel fluctuations were observed to be induced in essentially solvent-free lipid bimolecular membranes by the addition of sonicated homogenates of rat olfactory epithelium. The chemosensitive channels were not observed when respiratory epithelium homogenates were used instead. Ionic selectivity is consistent with potassium ions as the charge carrier. These channels may be associated with the initial events of chemoreception in the rat olfactory epithelium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vodyanoy, V -- Murphy, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):717-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Epithelium/physiology ; Ion Channels/*drug effects ; Male ; Membranes/drug effects ; Olfactory Mucosa/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Smell/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 200
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    Inhibition by alcohols of the localization of radioactive nitrosonornicotine in sites of tumor formation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Oral administration of ethanol, n-butanol, or t-butanol to mice 20 minutes before injection of carbon-14-labeled nitrosonornicotine inhibited the localization of radioactivity in bronchial and salivary duct epithelium and in the liver. Localization of radioactivity in the nasal epithelium and esophagus was not significantly reduced. These alcohols therefore may selectively inhibit tumor formation in three of the five sites where this carcinogen typically acts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waddell, W J -- Marlowe, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):51-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Butanol ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcohols/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Butanols/pharmacology ; Carcinogens/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Humans ; Liver/drug effects ; Lung/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Nitrosamines/*pharmacology ; Salivary Glands/drug effects ; Smoking ; tert-Butyl Alcohol
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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