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  • Articles  (483)
  • Animals  (441)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (42)
  • 1980-1984  (483)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1925-1929
  • 1983  (483)
  • Medicine  (483)
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  • Articles  (483)
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  • 1980-1984  (483)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1925-1929
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative cytochemistry of blood neutrophils in myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic granulocytic leukaemia (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 92-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood cells ; leukaemia ; myelodysplasia ; cytochemistry ; neutrophils ; microdensitometer ; lysosomes ; preleukaemia ; maturation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Quantitative cytochemistry of components of blood neutrophil azurophilic granules (myeloperoxidase, chloroacetate esterase, β-glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase) and specific granules (lactoferrin) has been performed by scanning and integrating micro-densitometry in 13 patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome and 11 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia. Both patient groups showed a reduction of enzyme activity in azurophilic granules, and also of lactoferrin, consistent with abnormal development of neutrophil granules. These cytochemical changes in blood neutrophils are similar to those found in acute myeloid leukaemia, are consistent with a leukaemic maturation defect, and may be of diagnostic value.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010209
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemistry of the polyamines (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; polyamines ; putrescine ; spermidine ; spermine ; ornithine decarboxylase ; biosynthesis ; cell proliferation ; oxidized polyamines ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The naturally-occurring polyamines exist in the free form, as N-acetyl derivatives and bound to protein. Their biosynthesis is subject to sensitive control, particularly of ornithine decarboxylase. This enzyme may be multifunctional and a key regulatory protein. Studies, principally with selective inhibitors, have elucidated the roles of polyamines in cell proliferation. Oxidized polyamines, in contrast, can be potent mitotic inhibitors. These effects are reviewed in terms of their chemistry and biochemistry. Their principal distinctions are that they can be made or degraded intracellularly, they can associate electrostatically with macromolecules by means of their spaced cationic groups, and these can be readily converted to covalent bonds.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerobic glycolysis of bone and cartilage: The possible involvement of fatty acid oxidation (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 168-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Bone ; aerobic glycolysis ; fatty acid oxidation ; cartilage ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The apparent paradox of aerobic glycolysis has been investigated in bone and in cartilage. A new cytochemical procedure for hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase (HOAD) activity showed that the maximal activity of this enzyme in both tissues was equivalent to the maximal activity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD). The sum of these activities gave a measure of the maximum amount of acetyl-coenzyme A that could be produced. In these tissues, but not in liver which does not exhibit aerobic glycolysis, this summed value exceeded the maximal activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Consequently, it suggested that where fatty acid oxidation is sufficient to supply all the acetyl-coenzyme A required for the Krebs' cycle, that derived from fatty acid oxidation may inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase causing accumulation of pyruvate which must be converted to lactate if pentose-shunt activity is to be maintained.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative cytochemical analyses of ovarian luteal and interstitial cell RNA in relation to plasma progestins during pseudopregnancy in the rat (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: RNA ; quantitative cytophotometry ; luteal regression ; ovarian 20α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3-one ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Luteal and interstial cell RNA contents and circulating progesterone (P) and 20α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3-one (20α-OH P) levels were measured during pseudopregnancy in order to characterize relationships between ovarian 20α-OH P secretion and luteal regression. Functional luteolysis, as manifested in depressed P levels, was not associated with concurrent elevations in 20α-OH P. Rather, augmented 20α-OH P levels were evidenced in periovulatory periods at the onset and termination of pseudopregnancy, subsequent to RNA accumulation in both luteal and interstitial compartments. It is postulated that 20α-OH P, the putative inactive metabolite of P, is produced by both ovarian compartments in a cyclic manner and in response to gonadotrophin released in the preovulatory period.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010310
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane recycling; ciba foundation symposium 92. Editors D. Evered and G. Collins. Pitman Ltd, London. (1982) pp. 310, price: £25.00 ($35.00) (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 186-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allosteric enzymes: Kinetic behaviour. B. I. Kurganov. John Wiley and Sons, £29.95, ISBN 0 471 10195 8, 1982 (Translated from Russian by R. F. Brookes) (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 187-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010314
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of diterpene forskolin on the release reaction and protein phosphorylation of human platelets (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; forskolin ; protein phosphorylation ; platelets ; release reaction ; secretion ; cAMP ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of diterpene forskolin on the human platelet release reaction and on platelet protein phosphorylation were studied. This drug is shown to have the same effects as other agents which increase cAMP levels, namely, it inhibits the secretory response to diverse agonists and causes changes in the phosphorylation of several specific proteins. An increase of the 32P content is seen in the MW 47 000, 24 000 and 21 000 polypeptides while a decrease is observed in the MW 41 000 and 27 000 and 20 000 species. Forskolin also inhibits the changes in protein phosphorylation pattern induced by the powerful platelet secretagogue, thrombin. Our results relate the effects of antagonists of platelet secretion such as prostaglandins more closely to changes in cAMP levels and in protein phosphorylation than to other possible effects of the receptor-ligand interaction, which is by-passed by the use of forskolin. Our results also provide additional evidence involving these changes in the mechanisms which regulate the secretory process in platelets.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlations between common tests for assessment of liver damage: Indices of the hepatoprotective activity of promethazine in carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 55-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Carbon tetrachloride ; liver damage ; promethazine ; free radicals ; lipid peroxidation ; hepatoprotective agents ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of promethazine (PM) on different aspects of the hepatotoxic action of CCl4 in the rat were investigated with the objective of finding rapid and reliable indicators of hepatoprotective effects. The study was based on definitive histological assessment of liver damage caused by CCl4 in the presence and absence of PM: PM (78 μmol kg-1, i.p.) protected against CCl4-induced hepatic necrosis 24 h after a low dose of CCl4 (1.3 mmol kg-1) but not against a higher dose (13.0 mmol kg-1). The large increases in plasma activities of GOT, GPT and LDH produced by dosing with CCl4 were partially inhibited by the administration of PM. PM and CCl4 caused a synergistic and long-lasting decrease in body temperature (2-3°C for 8-10 h). Modifying the toxicity with PM, together with a low dose of CCl4, helped to minimize secondary effects of CCl4, to clarify the sequence of toxic events, and to assess the sensitivity of some standard tests of hepatotoxicity. Simultaneous measurement of over 20 commonly used biochemical screening tests in individual animals 3 or 6 h after treatment permitted direct correlation of a wide variety of concentrations, activities and effects. For example, liver CHCl3 concentrations (as a measure of CCl4 metabolism) correlate strongly with increases in diene conjugation of microsomal lipids (as a measure of CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation); malonaldehyde production appears to be less sensitive as a measure of lipid peroxidation in vivo than diene conjugation. The changes induced in each parameter and the correlations between them are discussed with reference to the overall nature of the hepatotoxic reaction and its modification by PM.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010110
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative cytochemistry of alkaline phosphatase activity (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 81-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010206
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Dispersed sensory ganglion cells cleave an active entity from nerve growth factor coupled to Sepharose (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 84-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Neurology ; nerve growth factor ; NGF-Sepharose ; NGF-receptor ; sensory neurones ; receptor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Dispersed sensory ganglion cells from the embryonic chick, but not cells from other tissues, liberate biologically active material from nerve growth factor coupled to Sepharose beads. Experiments with such insolubilized material cannot then be taken as evidence for the existence of an external membrane receptor for the factor and may indicate that responsive cells have the ability to cleave an active fragment from the polypeptide.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010207
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibronectin is not a serum spreading factor for HeLa cells (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 87-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Serum ; He-La cells ; spreading factors ; fibronectin ; fibronectin depleted serum ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The spreading of HeLa cells on plastic substratum is mediated by fibronectin-depleted foetal calf serum but not by fibronectin isolated by gelatin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The same is true for freshly explanted chick embryonic chondrocytes. In contrast, BHK cell spreading exceeds 67% after 120 min at 37°C in fibronectin-supplemented (10 μg ml-1) serum-free medium. Long-term cultivation of HeLa cells in Eagle's MEM supplemented with fibronectin-free serum is associated with the accumulation of cells in mitosis or before cytokinesis; many cells die and the remaining living cells, characterized by marked changes in morphology, multiply very slowly. It can be concluded therefore that fibronectin does not produce spreading in HeLa cells but forces them into mitosis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010208
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The A12 acetylcholinesterase and polypeptide composition of electric organ basal lamina of electrophorus and some torpedinae fishes (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Polypeptides ; electric organ ; extracellular matrix ; synaptic AChE A12 form ; basal lamina peptides ; cholinergic synapse ; AChR clusters ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Basal lamina (BL) of Torpedo, Discopyge and Electrophorus electric organs was purified in order to establish polypeptide composition and association with acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Results indicate that BL presents a distinct peptide pattern and that the A12 form of AChE is directly attached to it. Comparison of the species studied demonstrated similarities both in polypeptide composition and AChE content of the purified BL. Extractions of BL with solutions of high ionic strength, guanidine-HCl and acetic acid indicated the differential solubilization of various domains of BL polypeptides.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010108
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
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    Lipid peroxidation in hepatomas of different degrees of deviation (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Tumours ; lipid peroxidation ; thiobarbituric acid reacting substance ; total glutathione ; oxidized glutathione ; γ-glutamyl transpeptidase ; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Lipid peroxidation rate in four different hepatomas is quite different and seems to be related to their degree of deviation, low deviation tumours displaying higher peroxidative ability. Moreover, the supernatant of the highly anaplastic Yoshida hepatoma is able to decrease the peroxidation rate in normal liver microsomes. This antioxidant ability is not dependent upon an increased level of glutathione. The concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) declines strongly during incubation in conditions favouring lipid peroxidation. Unlike normal liver homogenates, this decline of GSH in hepatomas is not due to the transformation of GSH into oxidized glutathione (GSSG) but mostly to the increased activity of the γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase pathway.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010109
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010201
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
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    Biochemistry of mammalian alkaline phosphatases. Alkaline phosphatase (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 66-70 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010202
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
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    Calendar (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 64-64 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010111
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Clinical biochemistry of alkaline phosphatase (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 70-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010203
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Alkaline phosphatase in haematology (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 74-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010204
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
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    Electron microscopic cytochemistry of alkaline phosphatase (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 77-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010205
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Behaviour of tyrosine amino transferase and convertase during the first hours after hepatectomy in rats (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Liver ; rat liver ; thyronine transaminase ; convertase ; hepatectomy ; lysosomal enzymes ; enzyme synthesis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The activity of rat liver tyrosine amino transferase (TAT) increases after hepatectomy with a first prominent peak at 8 h and a second peak at 18 h. This change in activity is probably due to de novo enzyme synthesis since it is prevented by actinomycin-D (AMD). In the same period an increase of the lysosomal converting enzyme (convertase) which catalyses the in vitro transition of TAT from form I to form III, has been observed; this is not accompanied by changes of other lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and cathepsin L. The activity of convertase is equal to that of the controls (sham operated animals) 2 h after hepatectomy, increases three times at 5 h, maintains the same value at 8 h and then decreases slowly to control level after 24 h. The correlation between the activity changes of the two enzymes strongly suggests a physiological role of convertase in TAT turnover.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010210
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  • 21
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    Effects of mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes on lysosomal enzyme activity (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood cells ; lysosomal enzymes ; lymphocytes ; mitogenic stimulation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Changes in the activities of several lysosomal enzymes were studied during transformation of mouse spleen cells in vitro. The activity of β-glucuronidase increased during culture in the presence of T or B-cell mitogens, and lymphoblasts contained higher levels of activity than did small, non-transformed lymphocytes. Moreover, lymphoblasts in well-transformed cultures had higher activities than those in poorly-transformed cultures. The activities of other lysosomal enzymes (N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, α-mannosidase, β-glucosidase) also increased during mitogenic stimulation, but each at different rates, although aryl sulphatase was unaffected. Such differences may be of importance when lymphocytes are used for diagnosis of inherited lysosomal deficiency diseases.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010211
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
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    Lysosomal membrane recovery following labilization by thyroid stimulators (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 112-116 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Endocrine system ; thyroid ; lysosome ; TSH ; membrane lability ; enzyme latency ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Lysosomal membrane permeability was assessed by measuring freely available napthylamidase activity in intact preparations of guinea pig thyroid follicular cells following exposure of thyroid tissue to sequential stimulation by two thyroid stimulators, thyrotrophin (TSH) and thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI). These investigations showed that following labilization by TSH, the lysosomal membranes recovered and were capable of responding to a second thyroid stimulator (TSI). That such recovery represented restabilization of lysosomal membranes was confirmed by the finding that latent naphthylamidase activity was restored without a change in total activity of the enzyme.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010213
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  • 23
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    Activation of carboxylesterases in root cortical parenchymal cells of Pisum sativum during xylem induction in vitro (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 109-111 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Roots ; cytochemistry ; carboxylesterase ; Pisum sativum ; xylem ; parenchyma ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A quantitative cytochemical study of naphthol AS-D esterase activity in explants from roots of Pisum sativum grown on basal medium for 3 or 6 days showed similar levels of activity to those seen in sections of cortex and stele from intact roots of similar ages. Explants grown in the presence of auxins or cytokinin alone showed a threefold or twofold increase in cortical parenchymal activity, respectively. On adding both hormones to initiate xylem element formation, there was also a threefold increase in activity in the cortex. In all three cases, the stimulated activity was totally inhibited by either 10-4 M diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) or 10-4 M diethyl p-nitrophenyl-phosphate (E600), indicating carboxylesterase activity. The low level of activity normally present in cortical cells was inhibitor resistant, so indicating acetylesterase activity. Thus, auxins and cytokinins appear to activate mainly similar carboxylesterases during the initiation of xylem elements from cortical parenchyma cells.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010212
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  • 24
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    1st international meeting on cell biochemistry and function (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 125-128 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010215
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  • 25
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    Calendar (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 192-192 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010216
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  • 26
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    Masthead (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983) 
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    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010301
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  • 27
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    Enzyme analysis and subcellular fractionation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with special reference to the localization of putative plasma membrane enzymes (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 117-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; human lymphocytes ; lysosomes ; mitochondria ; plasma membrane ; enzymes ; peroxisomes ; endoplasmic reticulum ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Human lymphocytes were isolated from defibrinated blood by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation with erythrocyte hypotonic lysis. Homogenates of mixed lymphocytes were subjected to analytical subcellular fractionation by sucrose gradient centrifugation in a Beaufay automatic zonal rotor. The principal organelles were characterized by their marker enzymes: cytosol (lactate dehydrogenase), plasma membrane (5′-nucleotidase), endoplasmic reticulum (neutral α-glucosidase), mitochondria (malate dehydrogenase), lysosomes (N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase), peroxisomes (catalase). γ-Glutamyl transferase was exclusively localized to the plasma membrane. Leucine amino-peptidase, especially when assayed in the presence of Co2+, was also partially localized to the plasma membrane. Experiments with diazotized sulphanilic acid, a non-permeant enzyme inhibitor, showed that these plasma membrane enzymes are present on the cell surface. No detectable alkaline phosphatase was found in the lymphocytes. Acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase were localized to lysosomes and there was some evidence for lysosomal heterogeneity. Leucine amino peptidase, optimal at pH 8.0, showed a partial localization to intracellular vesicles, possibly lysosomes, especially when assayed in the presence of EDTA. These studies provide a technique for determining the intracellular distribution of hitherto unassigned lymphocyte constituents and serve as a basis for investigating the cell pathology of lymphocytic disorders.
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    Role of transferrin in uptake of non-physiological metals into cells (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 141-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Iron ; gallium ; plutonium ; metal uptake ; human lymphoblasts ; transferrin ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: At physiological concentrations of citrate the uptake of 59Fe, 67Ga, and 239Pu into human type B lymphocytes of splenic origin is the same in viable and in non-viable cells. Addition of transferrin has no effect on the uptake into non-viable cells but in viable cells it increases the uptake of Fe and Ga but decreases that of Pu. Uptake decreases as transferrin concentration increases although this is less marked with Ga.
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    Surface of articular cartilage: Immunohistological studies (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 143-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Joints ; articular cartilage ; collagen ; immunohistological study ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Using several physical techniques the surface of articular cartilage has been reported to be structurally different from the deeper layers. In this paper using immunohistochemical methods, the surface has been shown to contain a characteristically different collagen, Type I in contrast to Type II which is the major collagen of cartilage. These results support previous proposals for a surface layer, or lamina splendens, the presence of which would be of considerable importance in understanding the degradation of cartilage in arthritides.
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    Is there any connection between heat inactivation of spectrin-dependent ATPase and loss of smooth biconcave shape of red cells? (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 145-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; spectrin-dependent ATPase ; erythrocyte membrane ; biconcave shape ; actomyosin-like ATPase ; actinactivated ATPase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Spectrin-dependent ATPase activity was measured in membranes from native human erythrocytes and erythrocytes heated for 20 min at different temperatures. This activity was found to decline when the erythrocytes were heated at 48°C and higher. The break in ATPase activity corresponds to morphological changes in erythrocytes found by Crome and Mollioson [Brit. J. Haematol. (1964) 10, 137]. The role of spectrin-dependent ATPase in erythrocyte shape maintenance is discussed.
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    Fluorimetry of mitochondria in cells vitally stained with DASPMI or rhodamine 6 GO (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 147-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; vital staining ; fluorimetry energization in situ ; DASPMI ; respiration of cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The fluorescent dyes DASPMI and rhodamine 6 GO specifically stain mitochondria in living cells. Dye concentrations from 10-8 to 5 × 10-6 mole l-1 can be used. Excitation and emission spectra, and quantum efficiency of DASPMI depend on solvent characteristics. Spectra of mitochondria in living cells correspond to those in phospholipids (excitation around 470 nm, emission 560-570 nm). Fluorescence intensity of DASPMI is a measure for the energization of mitochondria, as revealed by in vitro studies. In living cells uptake of the dye is strongly influenced by inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation (i.e. by oligomycin, FCCP). Distribution of fluorescence intensity indicates an intracellular gradient in energy load of endothelial cells. Single mitochondria exhibit oscillations in fluorescence. Mitochondria loaded with DASPMI release the dye suddenly into the cytoplasm on treatment with FCCP. Cyanide and antimycin however, do not diminish fluorescence in vivo under optimal nutritional conditions, while they do so in mitochondrial suspension, indicating different mitochondrial behaviour in vivo and in suspension.
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    Comparison of two cell isolation procedures to study in vitro intestinal wall biotransformation in control and 3-methyl-cholanthrene pretreated rats (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 161-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Intestine ; isolated epithelial cells ; rat ; enzymic ; vibration ; 3-methylcholanthrene ; O-deethylation ; conjugation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Two cell isolation procedures, i.e. a scraping/collagenase-treatment and a new vibration procedure in EDTA containing medium, were used to isolate intestinal epithelial cells. In both cell populations the metabolism of 7-ethoxycoumarin and 7-hydroxycoumarin was studied. Moreover, the time course and extent of induction of both steps in the biotransformation were investigated after oral 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment of the rats. Twenty four hours after 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment (20 mg kg-1) monooxygenase activity was induced about 6-fold and 2.5-fold when studied with cells of the vibratory and enzymic procedures, respectively. Control 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase activity and 7-hydroxycoumarin glucuronidation were about the same when comparing both methods for cell-isolation. The formation of glucuronides in cells (both methods) is significantly lowered by 3-MC pretreatment, while sulphation remains unaffected. Results indicate that using enzymic treatment of mucosal scrapings, cell-populations are obtained containing relatively more differentiated (tip) cells. A number of advantages of the new (vibration) method are: better recovery, viability and reproducibility.
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    Tumour localization of uroporphyrin isomers I and III and their correlation to albumin and serum protein binding (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Cancer ; porphyrins ; uroporphyrin ; tumour diagnosis ; albumin ; haematoporphyrin ; protein binding ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We were the first to report the superiority of uroporphyrin I (UROP I) as a tumour localizer when compared to haematoporphyrin derivative (HPD). In this study, we compared both isomers of UROP, i.e. I and III, in a KHJJ mammary carcinoma mouse model. Six and 18 h after UROP administration, the tumour, skin and gut porphyrin (P) content was quantitated. Tumour UROP I levels were always at least 50% higher than UROP III in tumour, whereas both isomers were barely detectable in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. We then explored the possibility that tumour P uptake might relate in part to the affinity of circulating P to mouse serum proteins (MSP), in particular, the major binding protein constituent, albumin. Copro-P III, deutero-P 2,4 disulphonic acid (DP), proto-P IX (PP) and heptacarboxylic P I (Hepta I) which in our mouse tumour model do not localize in malignant tissue, were compared to UROP I and III. The P was mixed with 0.775 μM human serum albumin (HSA) at different molar ratios (HSA:P range 2-8) and the unbound P concentration quantitated using an Amicon CF-25 membrane cone with centrifugation. The percentage free P was significantly higher for UROP I (92-98%) than III (82-95%) and significantly more than that observed with non-tumour localizing P studied. Similar data were obtained with MSP. This is consistent with the notion that enhanced uptake and retention (particularly UROP I) by malignant neoplastic tissue might reflect a higher affinity for UROP by tumour constituents than by circulating proteins. We conclude, (i) that serum proteins, particularly albumin, may play a significant role in governing the localization of P in tissues and, (ii) UROP clinically is ideally suited as a diagnostic marker of pre- or early mucosal malignancy as minimal retention by skin and gut would increase fluorescence specificity and diminish photocutaneous side effects.
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    Disorders of mineral metabolism. Edited by Felix Bronner and Jack W. Coburn. Academic Press, New York. Vol. 1, Trace Minerals (1981) pp. 499 + xiv, price: £43.00 ($65.00); Vol. 2, Calcium Physiology (1982) pp. 568 + xvi, price: £44.00 ($67.00); Vol. 3, Pathophysiology of Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium (1981) pp. 522 + xiv, price: £41.00 ($62.00) (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 186-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010313
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    Calendar (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 192-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010315
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    Masthead (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010101
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    Editorial (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 2-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010102
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    Metabolic control and compartmentation in single living cells (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 3-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Metabolism ; microspectrofluorometry ; metabolic compartmentation ; metabolic control in living cells ; modifiers and metabolic control ; NAD(P)H fluorescence ; flavin fluorescence ; mosaic non-equilibrium thermodynamics ; coefficient of an enzyme ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Microspectrofluorometry of cell coenzymes (NAD(P)H, flavins) in conjunction with sequential microinjections into the same cell of metabolites and modifiers, reveals aspects of the regulatory mechanisms of transient redox changes of mitochondrial and extramitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides. The injection of ADP in the course of an NAD(P)H transient produced by glycolytic (e.g. glucose 6-phosphate, G6P) or mitochondrial (e.g. malate) substrate leads to sharp reoxidation (state III, Chance and Williams, 1955), followed by a spontaneous state III to IV transition, and an ultimate return to original redox steady state. The response to ADP alone is biphasic, i.e. a small oxidation-reduction transient followed by a larger reverse transient. Similarities between responses to injected ATP and ADP suggest possible intracellular inter-conversions. Sequential injections of glycolytic and Krebs cycle substrates into the same cell, produce a two-step NAD(P) response, possibly revealing the intracellular compartmentation of this coenzyme. A two-step NAD(P)H response to sequentially injected fructose 1,6-diphosphate and G6P indicates the dynamic or even structural compartmentation of glycolytic phosphate esters in separate intracellular pools. The intracellular regulation and compartmentation of bioenergetic pathways and cell-to-cell metabolic inhomogeneities provide the basis on which the quantitative biochemistry of the intact living cell may be reconciled with these in situ findings.
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    Cellular utilization of cytosolic NADPH in kidney and liver cells from rats fed a normal or a vitamin D-deficient diet (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Metabolism ; NADPH ; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase ; vitamin D ; microdensitometry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The amount of reducing equivalents from NADPH generated by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (G6PD) used in mixed function oxidation (pathway I) or in reductive biosynthesis (pathway II) has been determined by cytochemical methods and microdensitometry in cells from the pars recta (PR) and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the kidney and from centrilobular (CL) and periportal (PP) hepatocytes from rats fed a normal or a vitamin D-deficient diet. In the kidney, pathway I activity was similar to that of pathway II in PR, whereas in DCT pathway II was markedly predominant. Feeding a vitamin D-deficient diet resulted in an increase in the total amount of reducing equivalents in PR and DCT. This increase was due to a rise in pathway I activity in the PR, whereas in the DCT the increase resulted from a stimulation of pathway II activity. Pathway I activity in PR was inversely correlated with plasma calcium, and was significantly decreased when calcium (1 mM) was added in vitro. In the liver the total amount of reducing equivalents generated by G6PD and both hydrogen pathways, was higher in CL than in PP hepatocytes. In CL cells, a vitamin D-deficient diet induced a significant increase in both NADPH pathways. Furthermore, in these cells pathway I activity was inversely related to plasma calcium and was significantly lowered when 1 mM calcium was added in vitro. It is concluded that vitamin D status and calcium influence the production and utilization of cytosolic reducing equivalents both in kidney and liver.
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    Origins of the differences in function of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa cells incubated as intact tissue and as collagenase-prepared cell suspensions (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Endocrine system ; zona glomerulosa ; aldosterone ; 18-hydroxycorticosterone ; steroid-protein complexes ; cell suspensions ; collagenase ; trypsin ; corticotrophin ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: While in vitro incubation of dispersed cell preparations of adrenal cell types has been widely used as an experimental model, few studies have addressed the possibility that the enzymic and mechanical treatments involved may affect tissue functions. Using rat adrenal whole capsule tissue, consisting of glomerulosa cells still attached to the connective tissue capsule together with some fasciculata cells, and dispersed glomerulosa cell preparations formed by a variety of enzymic and incubation treatments, striking differences have been demonstrated between the functions of the various preparations in vitro. Under ACTH stimulation, whole capsules produced (ng per pair ± s.e.) 405 ± 35 ng aldosterone, 650 ± 60 ng 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OH-B) and 850 ± 90 ng corticosterone. In cells dispersed by collagenase incubation followed by repeated pipetting and filtration, aldosterone and 18-OH-B yields under ACTH stimulation fell to values less than 10% of those produced by whole tissue, whereas corticosterone values were unchanged. Omitting the filtration step gave a less well marked decline in aldosterone and 18-OH-B to 50% of intact tissue values. When the tissue was not dispersed after collagenase incubation, aldosterone and 18-OH-B outputs were similar in the two preparations. The decline in aldosterone and 18-OH-B is not attributable to loss in cell-cell contact alone, since short term culture of collagenase dispersed cells on contracting collagen discs did not restore the capacity to produce these steroids, and a decline in their output also occurred in similar culture of intact capsule tissue. In acute incubations, hyaluronidase had similar effects to collagenase, whereas trypsin, papain and a bacterial protease evoked aldosterone release during the preincubation period, but did not affect subsequent yields of aldosterone and 18-OH-B in incubations of dispersed (but not filtered tissue) in the presence of ACTH. Chymo-trypsin had no effect on preincubation but eliminated subsequent response to ACTH in all incubation conditions. Together with previously published data on the effects of trypsin, the results support the view that in intact rat adrenal glomerulosa tissue, aldosterone and 18-OH-B are sequestered into intracellular stores in the form of novel steroid-protein complexes. These are hydrolysed by trypsin and other preoteases with consequent release of steroid, but are virtually eliminated by conventional methods of cell suspension preparations, using collagenase preincubation with subsequent mechanical dispersal and filtration.
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    Scanning-integrating cytophotometric analyses of brain neuronal RNA and acetylcholinesterase in acute soman toxicated rats (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 30-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Toxicity ; soman ; brain RNA ; acetylcholinesterase ; azure B ; cytophotometry ; neuropathology ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cytophotometric analyses of RNA and acetylcholinesterase responses of caudate and cerebrocortical neurons of soman toxicated rats were conducted to characterize impairments in regulatory aspects of neuronal metabolism occurring in the acute phase of cholinesterase impairment. There was a severe and dose-dependent suppression (20-60%) in neuronal acetylcholinesterase activity in both a.m. and p.m.-treated rats; no diurnal differences were apparent in control acetylcholinesterase levels or neuronal acetylcholinesterase responsiveness to soman toxication. RNA levels, however, were markedly higher in p.m. than in a.m. saline-treated controls. Soman depressed caudate neuron RNA contents in the afternoon, but not in the morning. Cerebrocortical neuron RNA levels were suppressed in both a.m. and p.m.-toxicated rats, although this RNA depletion was more severe in the afternoon. These results indicate that soman can elicit marked alterations in neuronal transcriptional-translational capabilities and that there are diurnal variations in cellular metabolic responsiveness to soman toxication. Although functional relationships between soman-induced cholinesterase inhibition and RNA depletion remain to be elucidated, depressed RNA metabolism appears to be a maladaptive response preventing rapid regeneration of cholinesterase following poisoning.
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    Subcellular localization of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in human liver (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Acetaldehyde ; ethanol ; cytosolic fraction ; mitochondria ; human liver ; disulfiram ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The subcellular distribution of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was determined in human liver biopsies by analytical sucrose density-gradient centrifugation. There was bimodal distribution of activity corresponding to mitochondral and cytosolic localizations. At pH 9.6 cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase had a lower apparent Kmapp for NAD (0.03 mmol l-1), than the mitochrondrial enzyme (Kmapp NAD = 1.1 mmol l-1). Also, the pH optimum for cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (pH 7.5) was lower than that for the mitochondrial enzyme activity (pH 9.0), and the cytosolic enzyme activity was more sensitive to inhibition by disulfiram in vitro. Disulfiram (40 μmol l-1) caused a 70% reduction in cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, but only a 30% reduction in mitochondrial enzyme activity after 10 min incubation. The liver cytosol may therefore be the major site of acetaldehyde oxidation in vivo in man.
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    Homeostasis of the antibody response: immunoregulation by NK cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: When injected into mice, the synthetic double-stranded polynucleotide poly(inosinic) X poly(cytidylic) acid induces high natural killer (NK) cell activity within 4 to 12 hours. Induction of NK activity in mice immunized 2 or 3 days previously, or the addition of NK cells to cultures immunized in vitro 2 or 3 days previously, promotes early termination of the ongoing primary immunoglobulin M antibody response. A target for NK cells is a population of accessory cells that has interacted with antigen and is necessary for sustaining the antibody response. The inference is strong that NK cells induced normally by immunization also terminate the usual antibody response in vivo by elimination of antigen-exposed accessory cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abruzzo, L V -- Rowley, D A -- 5-T32-CA-09267/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-10242/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):581-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6685343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibody Formation ; Antibody-Producing Cells/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Homeostasis ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology/radiation effects ; Lymphocyte Cooperation ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Mice ; Poly I-C/immunology ; Spleen/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Peptide cotransmitter at a neuromuscular junction (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: The neuropeptide proctolin (H-Arg-Tyr-Leu-Pro-Thr-OH) is present in the nerve terminals of an identified slow skeletal motoneuron in the cockroach. Proctolin is released onto the target muscle, a coxal depressor, by neuron stimulation and by depolarization with potassium. The physiological action of the motoneuron suggests that proctolin acts as a cotransmitter. Proctolin and neural stimulation produce delayed and sustained contractile effects without muscle depolarization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, M E -- O'Shea, M -- NS-16298/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):286-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6134339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cockroaches ; Muscle Contraction ; Nerve Endings/physiology ; Neuromuscular Junction/*physiology ; *Neuropeptides ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*physiology ; Oligopeptides/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Burst discharge in mammalian neuroendocrine cells involves an intrinsic regenerative mechanism (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: Intracellular recordings from mammalian neuroendocrine cells showed that steady, injected currents can modify and block periodic spike bursts previously associated with increased neurohormone release. Spike afterpotentials could sum to form plateau potentials, which generated bursts and did not depend on axonal conduction or chemical synapses. Therefore, bursting involves a spike-dependent, positive-feedback mechanism endogenous to single neuroendocrine cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Andrew, R D -- Dudek, F E -- NS 16877/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1050-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; *Electrophysiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Feedback ; Hypothalamus/cytology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Potentials ; Neurosecretory Systems/cytology/*physiology ; Rats ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Primary murine bone marrow cultures support continuous growth of infectious human trypanosomes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: The human parasite Trypanosoma brucei gambiense grew continuously at 37 degrees C in primary cultures of murine bone marrow. Cultured parasites remained virulent for mice. Rapid parasite growth coincided with the appearance of adherent adipocyte-epitheloid cell aggregates that also promoted hematopoiesis. This culture system should permit studies of host cell control of trypanosome proliferation, pathogenic effects of trypanosomes on blood cell development, and the relative trypanocidal and marrow suppressive activities of drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balber, A E -- CA 14049/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):421-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bone Marrow ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/growth & development ; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense/*growth & development ; Trypanosomiasis, African/parasitology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Morphological basis of long-term habituation and sensitization in Aplysia (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: The morphological basis of the persistent synaptic plasticity that underlies long-term habituation and sensitization of the gill withdrawal reflex in Aplysia californica was explored by examining the fine structure of sensory neuron presynaptic terminals (the critical site of plasticity for the short-term forms of both types of learning) in control animals and in animals whose behavior had been modified by training. The number, size, and vesicle complement of sensory neuron active zones were larger in animals showing long-term sensitization than in control animals and smaller in animals showing long-term habituation. These changes are likely to represent an anatomical substrate for the memory consolidation of these tasks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bailey, C H -- Chen, M -- GM23540/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH37134-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aplysia/*physiology ; Gills/innervation ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; Reflex/physiology ; Synapses/ultrastructure ; Synaptic Vesicles/physiology
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    Natural Distribution of the Ixodes dammini spirochete (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Spirochetes believed to be the cause of Lyme disease were isolated from white-footed mice and white-tailed deer, the preferred natural hosts of Ixodes dammini, the tick vector. Evidence suggests that deer act as a reservoir of the disease and provide an overwintering mechanism for both spirochetes and adult ticks. Some tick larvae may acquire the spirochete by transovarial passage and the nymphal stage may transmit the disease to humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bosler, E M -- Coleman, J L -- Benach, J L -- Massey, D A -- Hanrahan, J P -- Burgdorfer, W -- Barbour, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):321-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachnid Vectors/microbiology ; Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology/transmission ; Deer/microbiology/parasitology ; Disease Vectors ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peromyscus/microbiology/parasitology ; Spirochaetales/*growth & development ; Ticks/*microbiology
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    Regulation of carcinogen metabolism in the rat ovary by the estrous cycle and gonadotropin (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: The activity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene hydroxylase in the rat ovary is several times higher in the proestrous phase of the estrous cycle than in the estrous and metestrous plus diestrous phases. Administration of gonadotropin leads to a similar increase in the capacity of the ovary to metabolize xenobiotics. This variation in the activity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene hydroxylase during the estrous cycle may be related to the marked changes in the incidence of ovarian cancer during menopause and in women taking contraceptive pills.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bengtsson, M -- Rydstrom, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1437-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6681915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/*metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Epoxide Hydrolases/metabolism ; *Estrus ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism ; Gonadotropins, Equine/*pharmacology ; Metestrus ; Ovary/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus ; Quinone Reductases/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Time course of alpha-flupenthixol action explains "response artifacts" of neuroleptic action on brain stimulation reward (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1251-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6648532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Flupenthixol/*pharmacology ; Hypothalamus/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Rats ; *Reward ; Self Stimulation/*drug effects ; Thioxanthenes/*pharmacology
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    Cancer prevention: setting priorities (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1072-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6648522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*prevention & control
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    Alcohol and pregnancy (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1244-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6684327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects
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  • 53
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    Dietary carcinogens and anticarcinogens. Oxygen radicals and degenerative diseases (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: The human diet contains a great variety of natural mutagens and carcinogens, as well as many natural antimutagens and anticarcinogens. Many of these mutagens and carcinogens may act through the generation of oxygen radicals. Oxygen radicals may also play a major role as endogenous initiators of degenerative processes, such as DNA damage and mutation (and promotion), that may be related to cancer, heart disease, and aging. Dietary intake of natural antioxidants could be an important aspect of the body's defense mechanism against these agents. Many antioxidants are being identified as anticarcinogens. Characterizing and optimizing such defense systems may be an important part of a strategy of minimizing cancer and other age-related diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ames, B N -- ES01896/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1256-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6351251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; *Carcinogens/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cocarcinogenesis ; Diet/*adverse effects ; Dietary Fats/adverse effects ; Free Radicals ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxides/adverse effects ; Mutagens ; Oxygen/*toxicity ; Plants, Edible ; Smoking
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    Selective photothermolysis: precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Suitably brief pulses of selectively absorbed optical radiation can cause selective damage to pigmented structures, cells, and organelles in vivo. Precise aiming is unnecessary in this unique form of radiation injury because inherent optical and thermal properties provide target selectivity. A simple, predictive model is presented. Selective damage to cutaneous microvessels and to melanosomes within melanocytes is shown after 577-nanometer (3 x 10(-7) second) and 351-nanometer (2 x 10(-8) second) pulses, respectively. Hemodynamic, histological, and ultrastructural responses are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, R R -- Parrish, J A -- R01025395/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):524-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cricetinae ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; *Laser Therapy ; Melanins/metabolism ; Melanocytes/ultrastructure ; Microcirculation/surgery ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microsurgery/*methods
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    Independent pathways for secretion of cholesterol and apolipoprotein E by macrophages (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-18
    Description: Cholesterol-loaded macrophages secrete cholesterol and apolipoprotein E. The current studies show that this secretion occurs by two independent pathways. In the absence of serum, the cells secrete apolipoprotein E, but not cholesterol. In the presence of monensin (an inhibitor of protein secretion), the cells secrete cholesterol, but little apolipoprotein E. After secretion, apolipoprotein E and cholesterol associate with high-density lipoprotein to form a particle that can deliver cholesterol to the liver by receptor-mediated endocytosis. We conclude that apolipoprotein E does not function to remove cholesterol from macrophages but rather to participate in "reverse cholesterol transport."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Basu, S K -- Goldstein, J L -- Brown, M S -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 18;219(4586):871-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apolipoproteins/*secretion ; Cholesterol/*secretion ; Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism ; Macrophages/*metabolism ; Mice ; Monensin/pharmacology
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    Pimozide blocks establishment but not expression of amphetamine-produced environment-specific conditioning (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: Animals with a history of receiving daily injections of +-amphetamine in a specific environment showed a placebo effect (enhanced activity) when injected with saline and placed there; control animals with similar but dissociated drug histories and experience with the test chamber failed to show the effect. The dopamine receptor blocker pimozide antagonized the establishment of conditioning. However, the same dose of pimozide, when given to previously conditioned animals on the placebo test day, failed to antagonize the expression of conditioned activity. Thus, during conditioning dopaminergic neurons mediated a change that subsequently influenced behavior even when dopaminergic systems were blocked. Although schizophrenia may be related to hyperfunctioning of dopamine, neuroleptic drugs, which block dopamine receptors on their first administration, do not have therapeutic effects for a number of days. The results of the pimozide experiments may resolve this paradox.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beninger, R J -- Hahn, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1304-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conditioning (Psychology)/*drug effects/physiology ; Dextroamphetamine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Pimozide/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/physiology ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology
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    Resistance to a malignant lymphoma in chickens is mapped to subregion of major histocompatibility (B) complex (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: A genetic recombinant within the major histocompatibility (B) complex of the chicken has revealed the chromosomal subregion effecting resistance to Marek's disease--a malignant lymphoma induced by a herpesvirus. The recombinant, BF21-G19, occurred spontaneously among the progeny of a male heterozygous for resistant BF21-G21 and susceptible BF19-G19 haplotypes. Exposure to Marek's disease of families segregating for the recombinant showed that this new F-G arrangement conferred a level of resistance equivalent to that of the resistant parental haplotype. Thus, a gene, or genes, within or closely linked to the B-F region of the B complex appears to be responsible for the observed resistance to Marek's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Briles, W E -- Briles, R W -- Taffs, R E -- Stone, H A -- CA12796/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):977-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chickens ; Chromosome Mapping ; Lymphoma/genetics/*immunology ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Marek Disease/genetics/*immunology
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    Plasticity of motor behavior in monkeys with crossed forelimb nerves (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: Monkeys in which nerves innervating the flexor muscles of the forearm and hand (the ulnar or the median nerve) had been surgically cross-united with the nerve innervating the extensor muscles (the radial nerve), and vice versa, showed excellent (ulnar-radial crosses) to moderate (median-radial crosses) control of movement performance after regeneration. Antagonistic movement responses were seen occasionally, but these were corrected almost immediately. Stimulation of the crossed nerves showed that they had innervated the antagonistic muscle groups. The results reveal the capacity of the primate central nervous system to adapt to gross disturbances imposed on the execution of movements by changes in peripheral innervation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brinkman, C -- Porter, R -- Norman, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):438-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fingers/physiology ; Forearm/*innervation/physiology ; Hand/innervation/physiology ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca nemestrina ; Median Nerve/physiology ; *Movement ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Radial Nerve/physiology ; Thumb/physiology ; Ulnar Nerve/physiology
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    Intracellular recordings from cochlear inner hair cells: effects of stimulation of the crossed olivocochlear efferents (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-07
    Description: Intracellular recordings were obtained from inner hair cells located in the lower basal turn of the guinea pig cochlea. At low sound pressure levels the inner hair cells were highly frequency selective, producing receptor potentials only in response to sound frequencies between about 16 and 24 kilohertz. Electrical stimulation of efferent nerves in the crossed olivocochlear bundle markedly reduced these receptor potentials while causing little change in the resting membrane potential. At high sound levels, where cells responded to an increasingly wider range of sound frequencies, stimulation was less effective in reducing receptor potentials. Since the crossed olivocochlear bundle primarily innervates outer hair cells, these results support an outer hair cell contribution to the most sensitive response region of inner hair cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, M C -- Nuttall, A L -- Masta, R I -- NS-05785/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-07106/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-15107/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 7;222(4619):69-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/physiology ; Animals ; Cochlea/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair Cells, Auditory/*physiology ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/*physiology ; Hearing/*physiology
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    Inflammation and collagenase production in rats with adjuvant arthritis reduced with 13-cis-retinoic acid (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Oral administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid (40 or 160 milligrams per kilogram of body weight daily) significantly reduced the inflammation associated with developing and established adjuvant arthritis, an experimentally induced arthritis in rats that resembles human rheumatoid arthritis. The amount of collagenase secreted in tissue culture by adherent cells isolated from the inflamed joints of adjuvant rats treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid also decreased as compared to the amount secreted by cells from vehicle-treated adjuvant rats. Collagenase is important in the joint destruction accompanying rheumatoid arthritis. The successful use of retinoids in the treatment of this proliferative but nonmalignant disorder demonstrates a new application of these compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brinckerhoff, C E -- Coffey, J W -- Sullivan, A C -- AM14780/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- P60 AM20641/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):756-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6308759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arthritis/*drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Female ; Fibrinogen/blood ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Male ; Microbial Collagenase/biosynthesis ; Prostaglandins E/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Sex Factors ; Tretinoin/*therapeutic use
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    Induction of neuronal branching in Caenorhabditis elegans (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: The two postembryonic touch receptor neurons in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans arise from essentially identical cell lineages and have the same ultrastructural features. The cells are found in different positions in the animal, however, and differ in neuronal branching, connectivity, and function. These structural and functional differences are not seen when cells are placed in similar positions by mutation or laser-induced damage. Thus, some, but probably not all, of the differentiated properties of these cells are a consequence of their cellular environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chalfie, M -- Thomson, J N -- Sulston, J E -- AI19399/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM30997/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis/*growth & development/physiology ; Insects/growth & development/physiology ; Movement ; Nervous System/*growth & development ; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Touch/physiology
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  • 62
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    Differential classical conditioning of a defensive withdrawal reflex in Aplysia californica (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-28
    Description: The defensive siphon and gill withdrawal reflex of Aplysia is a simple reflex mediated by a well-defined neural circuit. This reflex exhibits classical conditioning when a weak tactile stimulus to the siphon is used as a conditioned stimulus and a strong shock to the tail is used as an unconditioned stimulus. The siphon withdrawal component of this reflex can be differentially conditioned when stimuli applied to two different sites on the mantle skin (the mantle shelf and the siphon) are used as discriminative stimuli. The differential conditioning can be acquired in a single trial, is retained for more than 24 hours, and increases in strength with increased trials. Differential conditioning can also be produced within the field of innervation of a single cluster of sensory neurons (the LE cluster) since two separate sites on the siphon skin can serve as discriminative stimuli. The finding that two independent afferent inputs that activate a common set of interneurons and motor neurons can be differentially conditioned restricts the possible cellular loci involved in the associative learning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carew, T J -- Hawkins, R D -- Kandel, E R -- 5KO2 M0081/PHS HHS/ -- 5KO5 MH18558/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 12744/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 28;219(4583):397-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6681571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/physiology ; Animals ; Aplysia/*physiology ; Conditioning, Classical/*physiology ; *Defense Mechanisms ; Humans ; Memory ; Reflex
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    Ventral posterior thalamic neurons differentially responsive to noxious stimulation of the awake monkey (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Of 76 cutaneously activated neurons recorded from the ventral posterior thalamus of awake, behaving monkeys, nine were weakly excited by innocuous skin stimulation and responded maximally only when noxious mechanical cutaneous stimuli were delivered within small, contralateral receptive fields. These results show that neurons capable of encoding the spatial and temporal features of noxious stimuli are located in the ventral posterior thalamus of the awake primate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Casey, K L -- Morrow, T J -- NS 12581/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):675-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Consciousness/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Physical Stimulation ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Thalamic Nuclei/physiology ; Thalamus/cytology/*physiology
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    Proglumide: selective antagonism of excitatory effects of cholecystokinin in central nervous system (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: Extracellular single-unit recording techniques were used to test the ability of proglumide to block cholecystokinin-induced excitation of rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons and dopamine-sensitive prefrontal cortex cells. Intravenous and iontophoretic proglumide administration consistently blocked cholecystokinin-induced excitations while having no effect on glutamic acid-induced increases in activity. This selective blockade of central cholecystokinin effects by proglumide suggests that this drug may be valuable for studying the possible role of cholecystokinin as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiodo, L A -- Bunney, B S -- MH-25642/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-28849/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-07136/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1449-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Cholecystokinin/*pharmacology ; Drug Antagonism ; Glutamine/*analogs & derivatives ; Male ; Mesencephalon/physiology ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Proglumide/*pharmacology ; Rats
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    Gene splicers contemplate the rat brain (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):828-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6138857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; DNA, Recombinant ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*physiology ; Rats
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    Brief deprivation of vision after unilateral lesions of the frontal eye field prevents contralateral inattention (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Brief deprivation of vision after unilateral lesions of the frontal eye field prevents the appearance of contralateral inattention to visual, auditory, and somatosensory stimuli. The forced circling that accompanies inattention, however, is not affected. An equivalent preoperative period in the dark only partly reduces inattention symptoms. Visual deprivation does not reduce or prevent inattention resulting from lesions of the superior colliculus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crowne, D P -- Richardson, C M -- Ward, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):527-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836298" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Attention/*physiology ; Darkness ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Male ; Movement ; Rats ; Sensory Deprivation/*physiology ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Splice junctions: association with variation in protein structure (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: A comparison between eukaryotic gene sequences and protein sequences of homologous enzymes from bacterial and mammalian organisms shows that intron-exon junctions frequently coincide with variable surface loops of the protein structures. The altered surface structures can account for functional differences among the members of a family. Sliding of the intron-exon junctions may constitute one mechanism for generating length polymorphisms and divergent sequences found in protein families. Since intron-exon junctions map to protein surfaces, the alterations mediated by sliding of these junctions can be effected without disrupting the stability of the protein core.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Craik, C S -- Rutter, W J -- Fletterick, R -- AM21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26081/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM28520/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1125-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA/genetics ; Endopeptidases/genetics ; Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism ; Genes ; Genes, Bacterial ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*genetics ; *Serine Endopeptidases ; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/genetics
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    Bioactive cardiac substances: potent vasorelaxant activity in mammalian atria (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Mammalian atrial extracts possess natriuretic and diuretic activity. In experiments reported here it was found that atrial, but not ventricular, extract also causes relaxation of isolated vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle preparations. The smooth muscle relaxant activity of atrial extract was heat-stable and concentration-dependent and could be destroyed with protease. Rabbit aortic and chick rectum strips were used for the detection of atrial biological activity. The atrial activity was separated by column chromatography into two peaks having apparent molecular weights of 20,000 to 30,000 and less than 10,000. The atrial substance that copurified with the smooth muscle relaxant activity in both peaks caused natriuresis when injected into conscious rats. It appears that atria possess at least two peptides that elicit smooth muscle relaxation and natriuresis, suggesting an endogenous system of fluid volume regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Currie, M G -- Geller, D M -- Cole, B R -- Boylan, J G -- YuSheng, W -- Holmberg, S W -- Needleman, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857267" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atrial Function ; Chickens ; Chromatography, Gel ; Dogs ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Muscle, Smooth/drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*drug effects ; Natriuresis/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Swine ; Vasodilation/drug effects
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    A polypeptide secreted by transformed cells that modulates human plasminogen activator production (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: A diffusible factor produced and secreted by malignant murine cells was capable of inducing plasminogen activator production by normal diploid human fibroblasts. The factor's ability to induce plasminogen activator was insensitive to treatment with nucleases, but its activity was destroyed by digestion with proteases. It is proposed that such a factor would play a role in malignancy if it would recruit normal cells that were adjacent to transformed cells to produce plasminogen activator which could result in tumor-promoted proteolysis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davies, R L -- Rifkin, D B -- Tepper, R -- Miller, A -- Kucherlapati, R -- CA-16239/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-35171/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):171-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6682999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cricetinae ; Fibroblasts/drug effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*metabolism/secretion ; Peptides/pharmacology/*secretion ; Plasminogen Activators/*biosynthesis ; Rats
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    Mechanical action of the intercostal muscles on the ribs (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: The external and internal interosseous intercostal muscles were separately stimulated at end-expiratory lung volume in anesthetized dogs. These muscles were all found to elevate the ribs into which they insert. By attaching weights to the ribs, it was determined that the nonlinear compliance of the ribs was responsible for this phenomenon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉De Troyer, A -- Kelly, S -- Zin, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):87-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Dogs ; Electric Stimulation ; Humans ; Intercostal Muscles/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Respiration ; Ribs/anatomy & histology/*physiology
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    Human cancer research (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dermer, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 22;221(4608):318.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; *Neoplasms ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; Rats ; Research
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    Diffusion barrier in the small intestine (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeSimone, J A -- NS13767/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 8;220(4593):221-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diffusion ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Intestine, Small/metabolism/*physiology ; Peptides/metabolism ; Sucrose/metabolism
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    Collagen formation by the hepatocyte in primary monolayer culture and in vivo (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: Immunohistochemical techniques were used to confirm biochemical evidence that parenchymal cells isolated from adult rat liver and maintained in nonreplicating monolayer culture for 2 days synthesized type IV basement membrane collagen. On continued incubation in serum-free medium, the hepatocytes also synthesized the interstitial collagens, types I and III. Consistent with these results in culture, type IV collagen was localized to the hepatocytes in slices of pathologic rat liver. Hence collagen formation is a previously unrecognized function of the hepatocyte that may be important in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diegelmann, R F -- Guzelian, P S -- Gay, R -- Gay, S -- AM18976/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- DE02570/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- HL11310/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1343-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basement Membrane/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen/*biosynthesis/immunology ; Liver/cytology/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Rats
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    Long-term biological consequences of nuclear war (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-12-23
    Description: Subfreezing temperatures, low light levels, and high doses of ionizing and ultraviolet radiation extending for many months after a large-scale nuclear war could destroy the biological support systems of civilization, at least in the Northern Hemisphere. Productivity in natural and agricultural ecosystems could be severely restricted for a year or more. Postwar survivors would face starvation as well as freezing conditions in the dark and be exposed to near-lethal doses of radiation. If, as now seems possible, the Southern Hemisphere were affected also, global disruption of the biosphere could ensue. In any event, there would be severe consequences, even in the areas not affected directly, because of the interdependence of the world economy. In either case the extinction of a large fraction of the Earth's animals, plants, and microorganisms seems possible. The population size of Homo sapiens conceivably could be reduced to prehistoric levels or below, and extinction of the human species itself cannot be excluded.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrlich, P R -- Harte, J -- Harwell, M A -- Raven, P H -- Sagan, C -- Woodwell, G M -- Berry, J -- Ayensu, E S -- Ehrlich, A H -- Eisner, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 23;222(4630):1293-300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6658451" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Climate ; *Environment ; Humans ; *Nuclear Warfare ; Photosynthesis ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radioactive Fallout ; Sunlight ; Temperature ; Ultraviolet Rays
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    Adenylate cyclase activation shifts the phase of a circadian pacemaker (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: Forskolin, a highly specific activator of adenylate cyclase, produced both delay and advance phase shifts of the circadian rhythm recorded from the isolated eye of the marine mollusk Aplysia. The phase dependence of the response to forskolin was identical to that with serotonin, which also stimulates adenylate cyclase in the eye. The ability of agents to activate adenylate cyclase in homogenates was correlated with their ability to shift the phase of the circadian oscillator. These results along with earlier findings show that adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate mediates the effect of serotonin on the rhythm and regulates the phase of the circadian pacemaker in the eye of Aplysia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eskin, A -- Takahashi, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):82-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6298939" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Monophosphate/physiology ; Adenylyl Cyclases/*physiology ; Animals ; Aplysia/physiology ; *Circadian Rhythm/drug effects ; Colforsin ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; Diterpenes/pharmacology ; Eye/drug effects ; Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Serotonin/pharmacology
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    Direct in vivo monitoring of dopamine released from two striatal compartments in the rat (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Microvoltammetric electrodes were used to monitor dopamine released in the caudate nucleus of the rat after electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle. The time resolution of the technique is sufficient to determine in vivo concentration changes on a time scale of seconds. Direct evidence identifying the substance released as dopamine was obtained both voltammetrically and pharmacologically. Administration of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine terminates the release of dopamine, although tissue stores of dopamine are still present. Thus there appears to be a compartment for dopamine storage that is not available for immediate release. This compartment appears to be mobilized by amfonelic acid, since administration of this agent after alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine returns the concentration of dopamine released by electrical stimulation to 75 percent of the original amount.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ewing, A G -- Bigelow, J C -- Wightman, R M -- KO 4 NS000356/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):169-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amphetamine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Caudate Nucleus/drug effects/*metabolism ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Male ; Methyltyrosines/pharmacology ; Microelectrodes ; Naphthyridines/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; alpha-Methyltyrosine
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    Antibodies to cell membrane antigens associated with human T-cell leukemia virus in patients with AIDS (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), which has recently occurred at increasing rates in homosexual men, intravenous drug users, and others, is characterized by the development of Kaposi's sarcoma and several opportunistic infections including pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii. Serum samples from patients with AIDS and from matched and unmatched control subjects were examined for the presence of antibodies to cell membrane antigens associated with human T-cell leukemia virus. Nineteen of 75 of the AIDS patients had antibodies directed to surface antigens of Hut 102, a reference T lymphoid cell line infected with leukemia virus, as did two of the 336 control subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Essex, M -- McLane, M F -- Lee, T H -- Falk, L -- Howe, C W -- Mullins, J I -- Cabradilla, C -- Francis, D P -- 2T32CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5T32HL07523/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- CA 18216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):859-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6342136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology/immunology/*microbiology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases/immunology ; Male ; *Retroviridae/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/complications/immunology/*microbiology
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    Dioxins' health effects remain puzzling. In vitro tests suggests it causes cancer, medical results remain ambiguous (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1161-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Dioxins/*toxicity ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans
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    Scientist sues over genetically impure mice (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):625-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6603019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Jurisprudence ; Mice ; *Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Research ; United States ; Wisconsin
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    Barbiturate-enhanced detection of brain lesions by carbon-14-labeled 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-18
    Description: Cerebral glucose metabolism in rats was examined 1 week after the production by ibotenic acid of unilateral striatal lesions. The incorporation of carbon-14-labeled deoxyglucose decreased within the lesion but much less than that of carbon-14-labeled glucose. Barbiturate anesthesia caused a reversal of the asymmetric striatal deoxyglucose labeling, such that the lesioned striatum retained more tracer than the contralateral side. The combined use of barbiturates and radiolabeled deoxyglucose may enhance the identification of recent brain infarction in experimental animals and in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frey, K A -- Agranoff, B W -- 1 T32 GM07863/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15655/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 18;219(4586):879-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Barbiturates/*pharmacology ; Brain/*drug effects/metabolism ; Brain Diseases/chemically induced/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/drug effects ; Deoxyglucose ; Glucose/metabolism ; Ibotenic Acid ; Rats
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  • 81
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    Single visual neurons code opposing motion independent of direction (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: Cells in intermediate and deeper layers of the pigeon optic tectum respond best when a textured background pattern is moved in the opposite direction to a moving test spot. Complete inhibition occurs when the background moves in the same direction as the test stimulus. Most noteworthy is the invariance of this relationship over a wide range of test spot directions. These cells represent a higher level of abstraction in a motion-detecting system and may play a role in figure-ground segregation or the discrimination of the motion of an object from self-induced optical motion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frost, B J -- Nakayama, K -- EY-03884/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):744-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Columbidae/physiology ; Locomotion ; Motion ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Superior Colliculi/*cytology/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 82
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    Dipetalonema viteae (Nematoda: Filarioidea): culture of third-stage larvae to young adults in vitro (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Infective third-stage larvae of Dipetalonema viteae (Nematoda: Filarioidea) were cultured to young adults in a cell-free culture system. Third-stage larvae from the tick vector grew, developed, and molted twice in a medium containing NCTC 135 and Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum under a gas phase of 95 percent nitrogen and 5 percent carbon dioxide. The availability of such a culture system for filariids should facilitate studies of their immunology, biochemistry, and sensitivity to drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Franke, E D -- Weinstein, P P -- AI 07030/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 09625/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6682998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culture Media ; Dipetalonema/*growth & development ; In Vitro Techniques ; Larva ; Male ; Ticks/parasitology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    Light and propranolol suppress the nocturnal elevation of serotonin in the cerebrospinal fluid of rhesus monkeys (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: Markedly elevated nighttime concentrations of serotonin in rhesus monkey cerebrospinal fluid were reduced to daytime levels by exposing the monkeys to continuous light or to the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol. Nighttime elevations of melatonin in cerebrospinal fluid were also suppressed by propranolol and light. Serotonin released in large quantities at night appears to be regulated like melatonin, and may act as a cerebroventricular hormone to influence brain and pituitary function at night.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garrick, N A -- Tamarkin, L -- Taylor, P L -- Markey, S P -- Murphy, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):474-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6683428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm/drug effects ; Humans ; *Light ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Melatonin/physiology ; Propranolol/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Serotonin/*cerebrospinal fluid/physiology
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  • 84
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    Proviral DNA of a retrovirus, human T-cell leukemia virus, in two patients with AIDS (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by T-lymphocyte dysfunction and is frequently accompanied by opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma. Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is associated with T-cell malignancies and can transform T lymphocytes in vitro. In an attempt to find evidence of HTLV infection in patients with AIDS, DNA from samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 33 AIDS patients was analyzed by Southern blot-hybridization with a radiolabeled cloned HTLV DNA probe. Analysis of DNA from both the fresh (uncultured) lymphocytes and from T cells cultured with T-cell growth factor revealed the presence of integrated HTLV proviral sequences in lymphocytes from two of the patients, both of whom had antibody to HTLV. The proviral sequences could not be detected in blood samples obtained from these individuals at a later date, consistent with the possibility that the population of infected cells had become depleted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gelmann, E P -- Popovic, M -- Blayney, D -- Masur, H -- Sidhu, G -- Stahl, R E -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):862-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6601822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology/immunology/*microbiology ; Adult ; Animals ; Cats ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Retroviridae/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/analysis/microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/complications/*microbiology
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  • 85
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    Electrical brain stimulation and the localization of cardiopulmonary function (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glenn, L L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):527-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623095" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Heart/*innervation ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Lung/*innervation ; *Respiration
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  • 86
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    Inhibitory conductance changes at synapses in the lamprey brainstem (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Although the conductance and kinetic behavior of inhibitory synaptic channels have been studied in a number of nerve and muscle cells, there has been little if any detailed study of such channels at synapses in the vertebrate central nervous system or of the relation of such channels to natural synaptic events. In the experiments reported here, current noise measurements were used to obtain such information at synapses on Muller cells in the lamprey brainstem. Application of glycine to the cells activated synaptic channels with large conductances and relaxation time constants (70 picosiemens and 33 milliseconds, respectively, at 3 degrees to 10 degrees C). Spontaneous inhibitory synaptic currents had a mean conductance of 107 nanosiemens and decayed with the same time constant. In addition, the glycine responses and the spontaneous currents had the same reversal potential and both were abolished by strychnine. These results support the idea that glycine is the natural inhibitory transmitter at these synapses and suggest that one quantum of transmitter activates about 1500 elementary conductance channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gold, M R -- Martin, A R -- NS-06283/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-09660/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):85-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Glycine/pharmacology ; Lampreys/physiology ; Neural Conduction/drug effects ; *Neural Inhibition/drug effects ; Strychnine/pharmacology ; Synapses/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 87
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    Drug history modifies the behavioral effects of pentobarbital (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Behavior of squirrel monkeys, maintained by the termination of stimuli associated with electric shock, was suppressed by response-dependent shock delivery. The effects of pentobarbital on this behavior depended on whether monkeys had previously received morphine. In monkeys without experience with drugs, pentobarbital increased responding. In monkeys with recent experience with morphine, however, pentobarbital resulted in a smaller increase or decrease in responding. The rate-decreasing effects of pentobarbital after a history of morphine administration could be reversed by the administration of d-amphetamine. These findings suggest that the behavioral effects of abused drugs may depend on previous experience with other drugs, even when those drugs are from a different pharmacological class.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glowa, J R -- Barrett, J E -- DA 02658/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA 02873/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH 07658/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):333-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6682244" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Morphine/pharmacology ; Pentobarbital/*pharmacology ; Saimiri ; Substance-Related Disorders/physiopathology
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  • 88
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    Mutagenicity of glutathione and cysteine in the Ames test (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Postmitochondrial supernatant from rat liver and kidney homogenates transformed cysteine into a mutagen that reverted bacteria of the strain Salmonella typhimurium TA100 to histidine independence. Glutathione was also activated by kidney postmitochondrial supernatant but not by liver preparations. Hence, important endogenous compounds of mammals are positive in the most commonly used short-term test for carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Glutathione is positive in the test even at concentrations found in mammalian tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glatt, H -- Protic-SabljiC, M -- Oesch, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):961-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6342137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cysteine/*pharmacology ; Glutathione/*pharmacology ; Histidine/metabolism ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; *Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Salmonella typhimurium/metabolism
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  • 89
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    Cortical dopaminergic involvement in cocaine reinforcement (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Neuronal systems involved in the initiation of cocaine reinforcement were investigated by identifying brain sites where direct application of the drug was reinforcing. This was accomplished by allowing rats to self-administer picomolar concentrations of cocaine into discrete brain regions. The medial prefrontal cortex supported self-administration, while the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area did not. Self-administration could be attenuated by including equimolar concentrations of the dopaminergic D2-receptor antagonist sulpiride in the microinjection system. These results imply that cocaine reinforcement is mediated in part through a direct action on mesocortical dopaminergic receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goeders, N E -- Smith, J E -- DA-01999-04/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):773-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects/physiology ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Male ; Nucleus Accumbens/physiology ; Rats ; Self Administration ; Sulpiride/pharmacology
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  • 90
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    Cocaine-induced rotation: sex-dependent differences between left- and right-sided rats (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Cocaine elicited dose-related rotation (circling) in naive rats. The maximum effect was greater than observed previously with other drugs. Overall, females were more sensitive to cocaine than males. However, right-biased females were more sensitive than left-biased females, whereas left-biased males were more sensitive than right-biased males. The results suggest that sex-dependent differences in brain asymmetry may be an important determinant of cocaine sensitivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glick, S D -- Hinds, P A -- Shapiro, R M -- DA 01044/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Dextroamphetamine/pharmacology ; Female ; Functional Laterality ; Male ; Movement/*drug effects ; Rats ; Rotation ; Sex Factors
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  • 91
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    Pulsing electromagnetic fields induce cellular transcription (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-17
    Description: Weak, pulsing electromagnetic fields can modify biological processes. The hypothesis that responses to such induced currents depend on pulse characteristics was evaluated by using transcription as the target process. Two pulses in clinical use, the repetitive single pulse and the repetitive pulse train, were tested. These pulses produced different results from each other and from controls when transcription in dipteran salivary gland cells was monitored with tritiated uridine in transcription autoradiography, cytological nick translation, and analysis of isolated RNA fractions. The single pulse increased the specific activity of messenger RNA after 15 and 45 minutes of exposure. The pulse train increased specific activity only after 45 minutes of exposure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodman, R -- Bassett, C A -- Henderson, A S -- 1ROI CA 29340/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 17;220(4603):1283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Diptera ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Electromagnetic Fields ; *Electromagnetic Phenomena ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Salivary Glands/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/*radiation effects
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  • 92
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    Adenosine receptors: autoradiographic evidence for their location on axon terminals of excitatory neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Adenosine receptors were made visible on light microscopy by autoradiography with tritiated cyclohexyladenosine. In the cerebellum, adenosine receptors were absent in Weaver mice, which lack granule cells, and were displaced in Reeler mice, which have displacements of granule cells. Thus, adenosine receptors appear to be located on the axon terminals of excitatory granule cells in the cerebellum. Removal of one eye of a rat depleted adenosine receptors in the contralateral superior colliculus, suggesting that the receptors occur on axon terminals of excitatory projections from retinal ganglion cells. The presence of adenosine receptors on excitatory axon terminals may explain synaptic inhibition by adenosine and the behavioral effects of xanthines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodman, R R -- Kuhar, M J -- Hester, L -- Snyder, S H -- DA-00266/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH-18501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16375/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):967-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302841" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*physiology ; Animals ; Autoradiography ; Axons/*physiology ; Cerebellum/physiology ; Corpus Striatum/physiology ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; Receptors, Purinergic ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/physiology ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology ; Thalamus/physiology
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  • 93
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    High efficiency DNA-mediated transformation of primate cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Tissue culture cells from several mammalian species, including three primate lines, were transfected with recombinant vectors carrying Escherichia coli xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase or Tn5 aminoglycoside phosphotransferase dominant selectable markers. Human HeLa and SV40-transformed xeroderma pigmentosum cells exhibited stable transformation frequencies of at least 10(-3) (0.1 percent). CV-1, an African green monkey kidney cell line, could be stably transformed with the exceptionally high frequency of 6 X 10(-2) (6 percent).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorman, C -- Padmanabhan, R -- Howard, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6306768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA, Recombinant/*metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Plasmids ; *Transfection
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  • 94
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    Somatic mutations of immunoglobulin variable genes are restricted to the rearranged V gene (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: An important question concerning the mechanism of somatic mutation of immunoglobulin variable (V) genes is whether it involves all of the numerous V genes in a differentiated B cell, independent of location, or if it is restricted to a particular chromosomal site. Comparison of the sequence of two alleles of a given V gene shows that the mutations are limited to the rearranged V gene, while the same V gene on the other chromosome has not undergone mutation. This indicates that a V gene sequence alone is not sufficient for somatic mutation to take place. The mutation is therefore restricted to the rearranged V gene and consequently does not occur before rearrangement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorski, J -- Rollini, P -- Mach, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1179-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; Chromosomes/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mice ; *Mutation
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  • 95
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    Adaptive changes of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in flatfish are achieved by reorganization of central nervous pathways (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Flatfish provide a natural model for the study of adaptive changes in the vestibulo-ocular reflex system. During metamorphosis their vestibular and oculomotor coordinate systems undergo a 90 degree relative displacement. As a result, during swimming movements different types of compensatory eye movements are produced before and after metamorphosis by the same vestibular stimulation. Intracellular staining of central nervous connections in the flatfish with horseradish peroxidase revealed that in postmetamorphic fish secondary horizontal semicircular canal neurons contact vertical eye muscle motoneuron pools on both sides of the brain via pathways that are absent in all other vertebrates studied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graf, W -- Baker, R -- 13742/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):777-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6603656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Metamorphosis, Biological ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Oculomotor Muscles/*physiology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/innervation/*physiology
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  • 96
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    Expression of a cellular oncogene during liver regeneration (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: The number of transcripts of the cellular oncogene ras, which is homologous to the transforming gene of Harvey sarcoma virus, increases during liver regeneration in rats. The increase in these transcripts in liver polysomal polyadenylated RNA occurs at the time of activation of DNA synthesis during the regenerative process induced by partial hepatectomy or carbon tetrachloride injury. The number of ras transcripts returns to basal levels within 72 hours. These observations show that transcription of a cellular oncogene increases in a regulated way in a nonneoplastic growth process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goyette, M -- Petropoulos, C J -- Shank, P R -- Fausto, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):510-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Hepatectomy ; *Liver Regeneration ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics ; Time Factors ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    Expression of the major neurofilament subunit in chicken erythrocytes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: The 70,000-dalton core polypeptide of neurofilaments, thought to exist only in neurons, has been detected in chicken erythrocytes, where it coexists with vimentin and synemin as a component of the intermediate filament network. It is present in the circulating erythroid cells of embryos and young chickens but is nearly absent from the erythroid cells of adults. These findings are inconsistent with current models of intermediate filament expression, but provide another example of unexpected similarities between the nervous and hemopoietic systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Granger, B L -- Lazarides, E -- GM06965/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR07003/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07616/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):553-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6346488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Cytoskeleton/immunology/metabolism/physiology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Erythrocytes/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Intermediate Filament Proteins/immunology/*metabolism/physiology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/metabolism ; Vimentin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Isolation of lamellar bodies from neonatal mouse epidermis by selective sequential filtration (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: Isolation of epidermal lamellar bodies has presented a challenge because pressures required to homogenize keratinocytes can destroy these organelles and because the lamellar body readily releases its contents during prolonged isolation procedures. In an attempt to isolate lamellar bodies, sheets of intact stratum corneum and stratum granulosum were obtained from neonatal mice with highly purified staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin, disrupted, and passed through a series of filters. The final filtrate was rich in intact lamellar bodies and contained variable amounts of ribosomes and other vesicular structures. Availability of a highly purified lamellar body preparation from postnatal epidermis should help to clarify the role of this organelle in epidermal function. The technique of selective, sequential filtration represents a new approach to cell fractionation that may have wide applications in cell biology and biochemistry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grayson, S -- Johnson-Winegar, A D -- Elias, P M -- AM 19098/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):962-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879194" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Fractionation/methods ; Epidermis/*ultrastructure ; Filtration ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Corollary discharge provides accurate eye position information to the oculomotor system (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: The saccadic system accurately compensates for perturbations of eye position produced by microstimulation of the superior colliculus. This requires that information about the stimulation-induced change in eye position be provided by an extraretinal source--either proprioceptive endings in extraocular muscles or a centrally generated corollary discharge. It is shown that compensation remains intact after elimination of extraocular muscle proprioception, demonstrating that corollary discharge provides accurate eye position information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guthrie, B L -- Porter, J D -- Sparks, D L -- F32 EY05651/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30 EY03039/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY01189/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612334" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Eye Movements ; Macaca mulatta ; Oculomotor Muscles/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Proprioception ; *Saccades ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Electrical synapse formation depends on interaction of mutually growing neurites (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: A neuron's competence to form electrical synapses depends on its growth status. Experiments in situ and in cell culture with identified neurons of the snail Helisoma demonstrate that active neurite outgrowth from both potential partners must be spatially and temporally coincident for electrical synapse formation to occur.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hadley, R D -- Kater, S B -- Cohan, C S -- AM 19858/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- NS 15350/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 18819/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):466-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electrophysiology ; Growth ; Neurons/*physiology ; Snails ; Synapses/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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