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  • Articles  (200)
  • Rats  (131)
  • Female  (94)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1980-1984  (200)
  • 1982  (200)
  • Medicine  (200)
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  • Articles  (200)
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  • 2015-2019
  • 1980-1984  (200)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopy of castrate rat bone (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 547-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Rats ; Osteoporosis ; Anorganic ; Femur ; Castrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The study describes the SEM appearances of endosteal and periosteal surfaces of anorganic femoral diaphyses from 16-month-old normal and castrate male rats. Different types of surfaces could be recognized in both groups. Percentage areas occupied by each surface type were analyzed with a Ladd Data Analyzing Digitizer. Endosteal surfaces were composed of significantly more (P〈0.05) incompletely mineralized, forming surface and significantly less (P〈0.05) completely mineralized, resting surface in castrates than in controls. Both endosteal and periosteal surfaces from experimental bone demonstrated significantly more (P〈0.05) osteoblast lucunae than did control surfaces, and vascular canal entrances were significantly wider (P〈0.001) on castrate endosteal surfaces than on control endosteal surfaces. There was a greater proportion of small nodule forming surface/large nodule forming surface in castrate endosteal bone than in control, and a greater proportion prolonged resting surface/fibrous resting surface in control periosteal bone than in castrate. The results indicate that, when viewed in the SEM, anorganic endosteal and periosteal bone surfaces from femoral diaphyses of old castrate male rats demonstrate appearances characteristic of changes in bone turnover that occur with osteoporosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411302
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the development of osteopenia in oophorectomized rats (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 510-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Rats ; Osteopenia of oophorectomy ; 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ; Parathyroid hormone ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effect of ovarian insufficiency on calcium metabolism has been thought to involve an increased bone resorptive effect of parathyroid hormone and possible impaired synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. In the present study a rat model allowing for controlled serum levels of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was used. Oophorectomy in this species is associated with increased serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and decreased bone mass. Although thyroparathyroidectomy increased bone mass, an increased sensitivity of bone to parathyroid hormone in oophorectomized rats was not observed. Thus the development of the osteopenia did not seem to be related to increased parathyroid hormone sensitivity or to reduced levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Exogenous 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increased bone mass in oophorectomized as well as intact rats. Intestinal calcium transport was increased by moderate doses of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Intestinal calcium transport was also reduced by thyroparathyroidectomy and increased by the administration of parathyroid extract. A tendency for increased accumulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in blood in oophorectomized rats has been noted. It is suggested that the tendency to hypercalcemia in ovarian-insufficient females given 1-hydroxylated vitamin D compounds may be related to a diminished metabolism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411294
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural evidence of gonadotrophin release from castration cells following injection of LHRH in the rat (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 222 (1982), S. 213-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary ; Castration cells ; Gonadotrophins ; Exocytosis ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To examine the morphological evidence of the nature of hormone release from castration cells the author gonadectomized neonatal male and female rats. Twenty-eight days after the operation the animals were pretreated with estrogen, progesterone, or estrogen and progesterone in combination, every other day for one week, and then injected with LHRH 30 min before sacrifice. The administration of LHRH elevated remarkably the serum levels of gonadotrophins (LH and FSH) of neonatally gonadectomized rats. The steroid-pretreated animals showed higher serum levels of gonadotrophins than controls. Simultaneously, active exocytosis of secretory granules was observed in the hypertrophic gonadotrophs or castration cells of neonatally gonadectomized and steroid-treated rats following the injection of LHRH. These results indicate that hypertrophic gonadotrophs or castration cells also release hormone(s) by exocytosis of secretory granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218301
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  • 4
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    Ontogeny of gastric acid secretion in the rat: evidence for multiple response systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Gastric acid secretion has been thought to depend on histamine stimulation of the parietal cell. However, in the 2-week-old rat neither exogenous histamine nor the H-2 receptor agonist impromidine stimulates acid secretion, whereas pentagastrin and the cholinergic agent bethanechol are potent stimuli. At this age, the effect of pentagastrin in acid secretion is not blocked by the H-2 receptor antagonist cimetidine, nor is it potentiated by impromidine. These data suggest that, in the rat pup, the acid secretory response to pentagastrin and cholinergic agents occurs before the histamine-mediated system is functional and operates independently of the actions of histamine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ackerman, S H -- K1-MH00077/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01-AM-18804/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6211765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Bethanechol Compounds/pharmacology ; Gastric Juice/drug effects/*secretion ; Gastric Mucosa/growth & development ; Guanidines/pharmacology ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Imidazoles/pharmacology ; Impromidine ; Pentagastrin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Histamine H2/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Sensitivity to carcinogenesis in nude mice: skin tumors caused by transplacental exposure to ethylnitrosourea (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Female athymic nude mice and their phenotypically normal littermates were exposed transplacentally to ethylnitrosourea. Skin tumors (papillomas and sebaceous adenomas) developed on the nude mice with an almost tenfold greater incidence than on their haired littermates. Skin tumors were also induced on nude mice but not haired controls by direct intraperitoneal treatment with ethylnitrosourea. These results indicate that nude mice have higher than normal susceptibility to carcinogenesis under some circumstances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, L M -- Last-Barney, K -- Budinger, J M -- CA 08748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 22498/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):682-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoma/chemically induced ; Animals ; *Ethylnitrosourea ; Female ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Mice, Nude/*physiology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; *Nitrosourea Compounds ; Pregnancy ; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Skin Neoplasms/*chemically induced
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Prenatal and neonatal exposure to cimetidine results in gonadal and sexual dysfunction in adult males (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Exposure of rats to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period results in hypoandrogenization in adult life with decreased weights of androgen-dependent tissues and decreased concentrations of testosterone. Moreover, sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anand, S -- Van Thiel, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Cimetidine/metabolism/*toxicity ; Female ; Guanidines/*toxicity ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects ; Rats ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    24-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3: is it required for embryonic development in chicks? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: As shown previously, laying hens given 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as their sole source of vitamin D produce fertile eggs having normal shells, but only 35 to 55 percent of the embryos are normal. Giving these hens additional 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or 24,24-difluoro-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 at 1.25 nanomoles per day resulted in 90 to 100 percent normal embryos, and hence, hatchability. Since 24,24-difluoro-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 cannot be 24-hydroxylated, 24-hydroxylation is not required for this function of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ameenuddin, S -- Sunde, M -- DeLuca, H F -- Ikekawa, N -- Kobayashi, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):451-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6979782" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ; Animal Feed ; Animals ; Calcifediol ; Calcitriol/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Chick Embryo/*growth & development ; Chickens/metabolism ; Dihydroxycholecalciferols/pharmacology ; Female ; Hydroxycholecalciferols/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Hydroxylation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Micromolar affinity benzodiazepine receptors: identification and characterization in central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Receptors that selectively bind micromolar concentrations of benzodiazepines are present in rat brain membrane. These micromolar receptors exhibit saturable, stereospecific binding, and the potency of benzodiazepine binding to these receptors is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit maximum electric shock-induced convulsions. Benzodiazepine receptors with nanomolar affinity differ from the micromolar receptors in their binding, kinetic, and pharmacologic characteristics. The micromolar receptors also bind phenytoin, a non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. These results provide evidence for a distinct class of clinically relevant benzodiazepine receptors that may regulate neuronal excitability and anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowling, A C -- DeLorenzo, R J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Calmodulin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine: phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in squirrel monkeys and rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: (+/-)-N-Allylnormetazocine is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomimetic effects. The pure stereoisomers of this compound, as well as the racemic mixture, were compared to phencyclidine for their behavioral effects on squirrel monkeys and rats trained to discriminate phencyclidine from saline. Dose-response determinations were made for responses to phencyclidine, to a racemic mixture of N-allylnormetazocine, and to the pure levo and dextro isomers of N-allylnormetazocine. In both rats and monkeys, the dextro isomer and the racemic mixture produced dose-dependent responses appropriate for phencyclidine; the levo isomer did not produce the responses appropriate for phencyclidine at any of the doses tested. In both species, the levo isomer was more potent than the dextro isomer in decreasing the rate of responding. Thus racemic N-allylnormetazocine is a mixture of compounds that produce different behavioral effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brady, K T -- Balster, R L -- May, E L -- DA-00490/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-01442/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6274022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phenazocine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Saimiri ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Reversal of morphine disruption of maternal behavior by concurrent treatment with the opiate antagonist naloxone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Rats whose pregnancies were surgically terminated on day 17 of gestation were injected with morphine, morphine plus naloxone hydrochloride, or saline, and then tested for maternal responsiveness toward foster young. Morphine treatment alone significantly disrupted the rate of onset and quality of maternal responsiveness. Concurrent administration of naloxone to morphine-injected rats reinstated the rapid onset of behavioral responsiveness toward foster young, such that the responsiveness of the rats treated with both morphine and naloxone was indistinguishable from that shown by saline-injected controls. The disruptive effects of morphine did not appear to result from a general reduction in activity levels as measured in an open-field apparatus. These findings suggest that the normal onset and maintenance of maternal behavior in the rat may be regulated by endogenous opiates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bridges, R S -- Grimm, C T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):166-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Female ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Long-term synaptic potentiation in the superior cervical ganglion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: Brief tetanic stimulation of the preganglionic nerves to the superior cervical ganglion enhances the postganglionic response to single preganglionic stimuli for 1 to 3 hours. This long-term potentiation of transmission through the ganglion is apparently not attributable to a persistent muscarinic action of the preganglionic neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, since neither the magnitude nor the time course of the phenomenon is reduced by atropine. The decay of long-term potentiation can be described by a first-order kinetic process with a mean time constant of 80 minutes. We conclude that long-term potentiation, once considered a unique property of the hippocampus, is in fact a more general feature of synaptic function. This form of synaptic memory may significantly influence information processing and control in other regions of the nervous system, including autonomic ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, T H -- McAfee, D A -- 12116/PHS HHS/ -- NS 16576/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Phosphoglucomutase: evidence for a new locus expressed in human milk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Electrophoretic study of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in human milk revealed different patterns that can be explained by the existence of a locus distinct from the common PGM1, PGM2, and PGM3. One hundred and forty samples were tested and the results showed four different alleles of PGM4 whose frequencies were under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cantu, J M -- Ibarra, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):639-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6461922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Erythrocytes/enzymology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Milk, Human/*enzymology ; Phenotype ; Phosphoglucomutase/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Ethanol in low doses augments calcium-mediated mechanisms measured intracellularly in hippocampal neurons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: The electrophysiological effects of ethanol in low doses (5 to 20 millimoles per liter or 23 to 92 milligrams per 100 milliliters) were examined intracellularly in CA1 cells of rat hippocampus in vitro. Inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic potentials were increased when ethanol was applied to the respective synaptic terminal regions. Postsynaptically, ethanol caused a moderate hyperpolarization with increased membrane conductance, even when synaptic transmission was blocked. Ethanol augmented the hyperpolarization that followed repetitive firing or that followed the eliciting of calcium spikes in the presence of tetrodotoxin, but not the rapid afterhyperpolarization in calcium-free medium. Ethanol appears to augment calcium-mediated mechanisms both pre- and postsynaptically.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Gurevich, N -- Durand, D -- R01 NS16660-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):306-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*drug effects/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Potassium/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Theory and observation in cultural transmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Cultural phenomena may show considerable stability over time and space. Transmission mechanisms responsible for their maintenance are worthy of theoretical and empirical inquiry; they are complex and each possible pathway has different effects on evolutionary stability of traits, as can be shown theoretically. A survey designed to evaluate the importance of some components of cultural transmission on a variety of traits showed that religion and politics are mostly determined in the family, a mode of transmission which guarantees high evolutionary stability and maintenance of high variation between and within groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cavalli-Sforza, L L -- Feldman, M W -- Chen, K H -- Dornbusch, S M -- 10452/PHS HHS/ -- 20467/PHS HHS/ -- 20816/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):19-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Child ; Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Marriage ; Models, Psychological ; *Parent-Child Relations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Development of mouse embryos in vitro: preimplantation to the limb bud stage (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Mouse embryos were grown successfully in vitro from the blastocyst stage to the limb bud stage. Mouse blastocysts grown in vitro for 10 days showed blood circulation in the yilk sac, forelimb buds, and the primordia of liver, pancreas, and lungs. These characteristics are indicative of a developmental stage equivalent to one-half of the total gestation period in utero. Improvements in culture conditions from days 7 to 9 have made it feasible to culture mouse blastocysts beyond the early somite stage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, L T -- Hsu, Y C -- AM 19535/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 28550/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):66-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Humans ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Yolk Sac/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    High angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in the neurohypophysis of Brattleboro rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: The activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme is significantly higher in the intermediate and posterior pituitary lobes of Brattleboro rats than in Long-Evans control rats. The high activity level was reversed by vasopressin treatment. Conversely, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was significantly lower in the anterior pituitary of Brattleboro rats than in Long-Evans rats, and this activity level was not affected by vasopressin. these findings suggest an inverse relation between vasopressin and angiotensin systems in the posterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chevillard, C -- Saavedra, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):646-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diabetes Insipidus/*enzymology/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/*metabolism ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior/*enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Mutant Strains/*physiology ; Vasopressins/*physiology
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  • 17
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    Substantia nigra: site of anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Localization of the anatomic substrate for anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was examined using intracerebral injections of GABA agonists. Blockade of tonic hindlimb extension in the maximal electroshock test and blockade of tonic and clonic seizures produced by pentylenetetrazole and bicuculline were obtained by elevating GABA in the ventral midbrain tegmentum. Elevation of GABA in forebrain and hindbrain areas had no effect on convulsant activity. Blockade of tonic and clonic seizures was also obtained after microinjections of the direct GABA receptor agonist, muscimol, into the midbrain. The substantia nigra was identified as the critical midbrain site for GABA-mediated anticonvulsant activity. Local injection of GABA agonists into the midbrain provided seizure protection without a widespread augmentation of GABA-mediated activity throughout the brain and without impairing either alertness or motor function. Synapses in the substantia nigra appear to represent an important control mechanism for inhibiting the propagation of generalized convulsions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iadarola, M J -- Gale, K -- DA 02206/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH32359/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1237-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Brain Mapping ; GABA Antagonists ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Pentylenetetrazole/pharmacology ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Substantia Nigra/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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  • 18
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    Calcium ionophore polarizes ooplasmic segregation in ascidian eggs (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-30
    Description: Calcium ionophore A23187 promotes ooplasmic segregation and orange crescent formation in eggs of the ascidian Boltenia villosa. When eggs were exposed to a gradient A23187 the orange crescent was induced to form in the region corresponding to the highest concentration of ionophore. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that a local increase in intracellular calcium polarizes cytoplasmic localization in the ascidian embryo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jeffery, W R -- 232-HDO-7098/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-13970/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):545-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6803360" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/*physiology ; Cell Compartmentation/drug effects ; Cytoplasm/ultrastructure ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Ovum/*drug effects/ultrastructure ; Urochordata
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  • 19
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    Growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth directly (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Local administration of human growth hormone in vivo to the cartilage growth plate of the proximal tibia of hypophysectomized rats resulted in accelerated longitudinal bone growth. This finding suggests that growth hormone directly stimulates the cells in the growth plate, and does not support the theory that the increase in the plasma concentration of somatomedin that follows growth hormone administration is the cause of this stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isaksson, O G -- Jansson, J O -- Gause, I A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1237-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Development/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/*drug effects ; Growth Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Prolactin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Somatomedins/pharmacology ; Stimulation, Chemical
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  • 20
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    Naloxone antagonism of the thermoregulatory effects of phencyclidine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: Phencyclidine elicits hyperthermia at low doses and hypothermia at high doses in rats. Naloxone antagonizes both effects. Phencyclidine's effects on thermo-regulation are probably mediated by an interaction with a mu opiate receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glick, S D -- Guido, R A -- DA 02534/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA 70082/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1272-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects
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  • 21
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    Serial position curve in rats: role of the dorsal hippocampus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: In an eight-arm radial maze, normal rats demonstrated good immediate retention for the order of first items (primacy component of serial position curve) and last items (recency component of serial position curve) of an eight-item (arm) list. In contrast, rats with dorsal hippocampal lesions displayed, on an immediate retention test, disruption of the primacy but not the recency component of the serial position curve. Furthermore, imposing a 10-minute delay before the retention test impaired all components of the serial position curve. These results support correspondence in mnemonic function of the hippocampus in animals and humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kesner, R P -- Novak, J M -- RR07092-12/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Rats ; *Serial Learning
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  • 22
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    Monoclonal antibody to acetylcholine receptor: cell line established from thymus of patient with Myasthenia gravis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: A human B cell line producing a monoclonal antibody to an antigenic determinant of acetylcholine receptors was established by cloning B cells that had been transformed in vitro by Epstein-Barr virus. The B cells were obtained from the thymus of a patient with myasthenia gravis. The antibody produced by the cell line precipitated acetylcholine receptors from denervated and innervated rat muscle and from human muscle, but did not show detectable response to the acetylcholine receptors from the electric organs of Narke japonica. The monoclonal antibody showed identical binding patterns in innervated and denervated rat muscles. Passive transfer of the monoclonal antibody into rats induced moderate muscle weakness and electromyographic changes characteristic of myasthenia gravis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kamo, I -- Furukawa, S -- Tada, A -- Mano, Y -- Iwasaki, Y -- Furuse, T -- Ito, N -- Hayashi, K -- Satoyoshi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; *Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Muscles/immunology/innervation ; Myasthenia Gravis/immunology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*immunology
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  • 23
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    Modulation of striatal dopaminergic function by local injection of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Rats rotated to the left when 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) was injected into the left caudate nucleus and apomorphine was administered subcutaneously. The combination of NECA and apomorphine was more potent than L-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine and apomorphine in eliciting rotation, suggesting the involvement of adenosine receptors of the Ra type. The response was reduced when 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine was injected along with NECA into the caudate nucleus or when theorphylline was given intraperitoneally. Higher doses of apomorphine elicited a self-mutilatory response after the injection of NECA into the caudate nucleus. These results suggest that adenosine may be involved in the modulation of dopaminergic function in the striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, R D -- Proudfit, H K -- Yeung, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):58-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Injections ; Kinetics ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rotation ; Vasodilator Agents/*pharmacology
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  • 24
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    Serum from monkeys with histories of fetal wastage causes abnormalities in cultured rat embryos (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klein, N W -- Plenefisch, J D -- Carey, S W -- Fredrickson, W T -- Sackett, G P -- Burbacher, T M -- Parker, R M -- HD02774/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD08633/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR00166/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):66-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Veterinary/*blood ; Animals ; Congenital Abnormalities/*etiology ; Ectogenesis ; Female ; Macaca nemestrina/blood ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 25
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    Purinergic regulation of food intake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Inosine peripherally administered to rats markedly suppressed spontaneous food intake and food intake induced by diazepam, muscimol, insulin, and food deprivation. The purines 2-deoxyguanosine and 2-deoxyinosine also suppressed food deprivation-induced feeding, whereas 7-methylinosine, which does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on food intake when compared with controls. These results suggest that purines may represent endogenous substances that regulate food intake through interactions with the benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, A S -- Morley, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetite/*drug effects ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Eating/*drug effects ; Food Deprivation ; Inosine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Purines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 26
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    Eukaryotic transcriptional regulation and chromatin-associated protein phosphorylation by cyclic AMP (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) analogs or agents that increase intracellular cyclic AMP rapidly stimulate transcription of the prolactin gene in a line of cultured rat pituitary cells. This effect is correlated with the phosphorylation of a chromatin-associated basic protein designated BPR. These data are consistent with the postulate that increased intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations induce rapid transcriptional effects on specific genes in eukaryotes, mediated by direct or indirect phosphorylation of a specific chromatin-associated protein or proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murdoch, G H -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1315-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Nucleoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Pituitary Gland/metabolism ; Prolactin/genetics ; Rats ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 27
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    Suprachiasmatic stimulation phase shifts rodent circadian rhythms (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: The integrity of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus is essential to the expression of normal circadian rhythms in rodents. Electrical stimulation of the SCN caused phase shifts and period changes in the freerunning feeding rhythms of rats and activity rhythms of hamsters. The phase response curve for SCN stimulation appears to parallel that for light pulses. These findings strengthen the hypothesis derived from lesion studies that the SCN are the dominant light-entrained oscillators in the rodent circadian system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rusak, B -- Groos, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1407-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Electric Stimulation ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats
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  • 28
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    Suppression of ovulation in the rat by an orally active antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: A synthetic antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone blocked ovulation in rats in a dose-dependent manner when given by gavage on the afternoon of proestrus. Ovulation was delayed for at least 1 day in all animals given 2 milligrams of antogonist and in some of the animals treated with 1 or 0.5 milligram. Oral administration of 2 milligrams also blocked the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone. This demonstration that antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone can have oral antiovulatory activity clearly enhances their therapeutic potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nekola, M B -- Horvath, A -- Ge, L J -- Coy, D H -- Schally, A V -- HD-0-2831/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):160-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone/secretion ; Ovulation/*drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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  • 29
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    Pregnancy suppression by active immunization against gestation-specific riboflavin carrier protein (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: A riboflavin carrier protein isolated from chickens cross-reacts with a gestation-specific rodent carrier for riboflavin. Active immunization of female rats of proved fertility with the purified chicken carrier protein completely yet reversibly suppressed early pregnancy without impairing implantation per se. Concurrently there were no discernible adverse effects on maternal health in terms of weight gain, vitamin status, and fertility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murty, C V -- Adiga, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):191-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Carrier Proteins/*immunology ; Female ; Fetal Resorption/immunology ; Flavins/blood ; Glutathione Reductase/blood ; Immunization ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats
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  • 30
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    Maternal ethanol exposure induces transient impairment of umbilical circulation and fetal hypoxia in monkeys (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: When ethanol was administered intravenously to pregnant monkeys, a transient but marked collapse of umbilical vasculature was observed uniformly within about 15 minutes. The ethanol-induced impairment of umbilical circulation produced severe hypoxia and acidosis in the fetus; recovery occurred during the succeeding hour. This striking interruption of feto-placental circulation may explain one of the mechanisms of mental retardation, a frequent manifestation in children afflicted with fetal alcohol syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mukherjee, A B -- Hodgen, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):700-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6890235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaldehyde/blood ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ethanol/blood/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*etiology ; Fetal Distress/*chemically induced ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Umbilical Cord/*drug effects
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  • 31
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    General anesthetics hyperpolarize neurons in the vertebrate central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: The effect of general anesthetics on frog motoneurons and rat hippocampus pyramidal cells was examined with sucrose gap and intracellular recording, respectively. A number of volatile and intravenous anesthetics directly hyperpolarized the motoneurons. The potency of these agents in hyperpolarizing motoneurons was strongly correlated with their anesthetic potency. While the responses to barbiturates and alpha-chloralose were blocked by gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonists and were dependent on the chloride gradient, the responses to all the other anesthetics tested were generated by a separate mechanism. Intracellular recording from hippocampal pyramidal cells suggested that an increase in potassium conductance accounts for these responses. Such a nonsynaptic action would contribute to the decreased neuronal responsiveness observed for these compounds and thus to their anesthetic action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nicoll, R A -- Madison, D V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):1055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112112" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anesthetics/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Ether/pharmacology ; Halothane/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*drug effects ; Microelectrodes ; Motor Neurons/drug effects ; Potassium/metabolism ; Rats
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  • 32
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    A diurnal rhythm in pineal protein 1 content mediated by beta-adrenergic neurotransmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestler, E J -- Zata, M -- Greengard, P -- MH-17387/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-08440/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists/*pharmacology ; Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Cyclic GMP/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Pineal Gland/drug effects/physiology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Rats ; Synapsins
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    Lung fibrosis and emphysema: divergent responses to a common injury? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Cadmium chloride, administered intratracheally to golden Syrian hamsters, causes an acute lung injury which evolves into a lesion with functional and morphological features of diffuse fibrosis. With simultaneous feeding of a lathyrogen, beta-aminoproprionitrile, this same injury evolves into functional and morphological changes of bullous emphysema. These results suggest that the same lung injury might result in either fibrosis or emphysema, connective tissue synthesis during the healing phase being the critical determinant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niewoehner, D E -- Hoidal, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):359-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminopropionitrile/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cadmium/pharmacology ; Cadmium Chloride ; Collagen/biosynthesis ; Connective Tissue/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Elastin/biosynthesis ; Female ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Lung/pathology ; Mesocricetus ; Pulmonary Emphysema/*chemically induced/pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/*chemically induced/pathology
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    Preferential attack of mitochondrial DNA by aflatoxin B1 during hepatocarcinogenesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: Administration of the hepatic carcinogen aflatoxin B1 to experimental animals results in covalent binding to liver mitochondrial DNA at concentrations three to four times higher than nuclear DNA. The concentration of carcinogen adducts in mitochondrial DNA remains unchanged even after 24 hours, possible because of lack of excision repair. Similarly, mitochondrial transcription and translation remain inhibited up to 24 hours suggesting long-term effects of aflatoxin B1 on the mitochondrial genetic system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niranjan, B G -- Bhat, N K -- Avadhani, N G -- CA-22762/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):73-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Aflatoxins/*metabolism ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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    Brain injury causes a time-dependent increase in neuronotrophic activity at the lesion site (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: A cavity was made in the brain (entorhinal cortex) of developing or adult rats, and a small piece of Gelfoam was emplaced to collect fluid secreted into the wound. The neuronotrophic activity of the fluid was assayed with sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons in culture. The results show that wounds in the brain of developing or adult rats stimulate the accumulation of neuronotrophic factors and that the activity of these factors increases over the first few days after infliction of the damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nieto-Sampedro, M -- Lewis, E R -- Cotman, C W -- Manthorpe, M -- Skaper, S D -- Barbin, G -- Longo, F M -- Varon, S -- AG-00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH-19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):860-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Injuries/*physiopathology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Kinetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Wound Healing
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    Hemispheric asymmetries in the behavioral and hormonal effects of sexually differentiating mammalian brain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Estrogen pellets were placed in either the right or left hypothalamus of newborn female rats so that only one side of this brain area was exposed to the postnatal masculinizing and defeminizing effects of the hormone. The effects of estrogen on gonadotropin secretion and reproductive behavior depended on both the region and the side of implantation. Exposure of the left hypothalamus to estrogen resulted in defeminized development. Exposure of the right hypothalamus to estrogen resulted in masculinized development. Thus the response of the developing hypothalamus to gonadal steroids may be asymmetric.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nordeen, E J -- Yahr, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):391-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Male ; Ovary/growth & development ; Rats ; *Sex Differentiation/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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    Oxytocin induces maternal behavior in virgin female rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Intracerebroventricular administration of oxytocin to virgin female rats that had been ovariectomized and primed with estrogen 48 hours previously induced a rapid onset of full maternal behavior. The maternal behavior persisted and its incidence was dose-related. Tocinoic acid, the ring structure of oxytocin, also rapidly induced the onset of persistent, full maternal behavior. Arginine vasopressin induced persistent maternal behavior, but this behavior had a later onset. Prostaglandin F2 alpha induced strong partial maternal behavior, which showed early onset but did not persist. Many other peptides, ovarian steroids, and prostaglandin E2 were no more effective than saline. These findings suggest that the release of oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha during labor may promote maternal behavior in rats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, C A -- Ascher, J A -- Monroe, Y L -- Prange, A J Jr -- MH-22536/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-32316/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-34933/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):648-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology ; Brain/physiology ; Female ; Injections, Intraventricular ; *Maternal Behavior ; Oxytocin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Transplantation of leukemic bone marrow treated with cytotoxic antileukemic antibodies and complement (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: The ability of antiserum against murine L1210 leukemia to remove residual leukemia cells from murine bone marrow was investigated. Leukemic marrow was treated in vitro with antiserum and complement and used to hematologically reconstitute mice that had been irradiated with doses lethal to bone marrow. Following infusion of treated leukemic marrow, normal marrow returned without evidence of leukemia. More than 90 percent of the animals have survived for 11 months without untoward effects, suggesting that the technique may be of use in the treatment of acute leukemia in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trigg, M E -- Poplack, D G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):259-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cell Survival ; *Complement System Proteins ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Leukemia L1210/*immunology/therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred DBA
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    Transformation induced by Abelson murine leukemia virus involves production of a polypeptide growth factor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: Rat embryo fibroblasts transformed by Abelson murine leukemia virus (MuLV) produce and release a transforming growth factor (TGF). Production of this factor is correlated with a tyrosine-specific protein kinase that is functionally active and is associated with the major Abelson MuLV gene product, P120. Transformation-defective mutants of Abelson MuLV do not transform cells, do not have their virus coded transforming gene product phosphorylated in tyrosine, and do not induce TGF production. Abelson MuLV-induced TGF morphologically transforms cells in culture, competes with 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) for binding to cell receptors, and induces phosphorylation of tyrosine acceptor sites in the 160,000-dalton EGF membrane receptor. After purification to homogeneity, Abelson virus-induced TGF migrates as a single polypeptide with an apparent size of 7400 daltons as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Twardzik, D R -- Todaro, G J -- Marquardt, H -- Reynolds, F H Jr -- Stephenson, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):894-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6177040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abelson murine leukemia virus ; Animals ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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    Breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Breast-feeding is important to infant nutrition, morbidity, and mortality, and to postpartum amenorrhea (hence to birth intervals). Evidence on breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries from nationally representative World Fertility Surveys and secondary sources shows that in all but a few such countries most children are breast-fed for at least a few months. The limited evidence available on trends seems to indicate a decline in the duration of breast-feeding, but in most of Asia and Africa breast-feeding is almost universal during at least the first 6 months. Earlier weaning is common in Latin America.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Popkin, B M -- Bilsborrow, R E -- Akin, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1088-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Asia ; *Breast Feeding ; *Developing Countries ; Female ; Humans ; Rural Population ; South America ; Time Factors ; Urban Population
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  • 42
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    Influence of female hormonal state on rhesus sexual behavior varies with space for social interaction (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: The sexual behavior of rhesus monkeys in 15 male-female pairings was observed in both a large and a small area during the follicular and luteal phases of the female's cycle. Males ejaculated in all tests at the follicular phase of the female's cycle and in 53 percent of tests at the luteal phase. However, a significant decline in ejaculation during tests at the luteal phase occurred in the large, but not in the small area. Thus the degree to which the pair's sexual behavior was influenced by the female's hormonal state depended on the spatial conditions of the test.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallen, K -- MH35835/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RR-00165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):375-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201164" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation ; Ejaculation ; *Estrus ; Female ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Social Behavior ; *Spatial Behavior
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    Asian bull elephants: Flehmen-like responses to extractable components in female elephant estrous urine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Flehmen-like responses (urine tests) are one of the characteristic behavioral reactions of male Asian elephants (Elephants maximus) to cow elephants in estrus. Components of the urine of estrous cow elephants were extracted with organic solvents and partially purified by chromatography and shown to evoke Flehmen-like responses when they were presented to adult bulls.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rasmussen, L E -- Schmidt, M J -- Henneous, R -- Groves, D -- Daves, G D Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):159-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Estrus Detection ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*urine ; Sex Attractants/isolation & purification/*urine ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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    Inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in the rat by immunoneutralization of corticotropin-releasing factor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Intravenous administration of rabbit antiserum to ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) markedly reduced the CRF-induced rise of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in intact nonstressed adult male rats while blocking more than 75 percent of the ACTH release observed in rats exposed to ether stress. Furthermore, antiserum to CRF significantly lowered ACTH levels in adrenalectomized animals. These results suggest that endogenous CRF plays a physiological role in regulating ACTH secretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rivier, C -- Rivier, J -- Vale, W -- AM18811/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM20917/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26741/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):377-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Secretory Rate/drug effects
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    Human fetal movement: spontaneous oscillations near one cycle per minute (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in human fetal movement revealed strong oscillations at frequencies between 0.24 and 0.90 cycle per minute, which are much higher than those of the cyclic alternation of quiet and active states in the fetus and neonate. Oscillations at frequencies up to 2.88 cycles per minute were also detected, but they were usually much weaker. The prominent peaks in the fetal movement spectra are in the frequency range of recently reported neonatal motor rhythms, and indicate the existence of a cyclic process controlling spontaneous motor output that oscillates near one cycle per minute and begins to function in utero.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robertson, S S -- Dierker, L J -- Sorokin, Y -- Rosen, M G -- M01RR00210/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50HD11089/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; *Movement ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Spectrum Analysis/methods ; Time Factors
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    Subperiosteal expansion and cortical remodeling of the human femur and tibia with aging (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Increases with aging in subperiosteal dimensions and second moments of area (measures of bending and torsional rigidity) in femoral and tibial cross sections are documented in an archeological sample from the American Southwest. Significant differences between cross-sectional sites and between sexes in the pattern of cortical remodeling with age are also present. These differences appear to be related to variations in the stress or strain levels in different regions of the femur and tibia which result from in vivo mechanical loadings of the lower limb.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruff, C B -- Hayes, W C -- AM00749/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26740/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):945-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aging ; Bone Development ; Female ; Femur/*physiology ; Fractures, Bone/etiology ; Growth ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periosteum/*physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Sex Characteristics ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tibia/*physiology
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  • 47
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    Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of herpes simplex virus encephalitis with a radiolabeled antiviral drug (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: 2'-Fluoro-5-methyl-l-beta-D-arabinosyluracil (FMAU) labeled with carbon-14 was used to image herpes simplex virus type 1-infected regions of rat brain by quantitative autoradiography. FMAU is a potent antiviral pyrimidine nucleoside which is selectively phosphorylated by virus-coded thymidine kinase. When the labeled FMAU was administered 6 hours before the rats were killed, the selective uptake and concentration of the drug and its metabolites by infected cells (defined by immunoperoxidase staining of viral antigens) allowed quantitative definition and mapping of HSV-1-infected structures in autoradiograms of brain sections. These results show that quantitative autoradiography can be used to characterize the local metabolism of antiviral drugs by infected cells in vivo. They also suggest that the selective uptake of drugs that exploit viral thymidine kinase for their antiviral effect can, by appropriate labeling, be used in conjunction with clinical neuroimaging techniques to define infected regions of human brain, thereby providing a new approach to the diagnosis of herpes encephalitis in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saito, Y -- Price, R W -- Rottenberg, D A -- Fox, J J -- Su, T L -- Watanabe, K A -- Philips, F S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antiviral Agents ; Arabinofuranosyluracil/*analogs & derivatives ; Autoradiography ; Cytarabine/analogs & derivatives ; Encephalitis/microbiology/*pathology ; Herpes Simplex/*pathology ; Rats ; Uridine/*analogs & derivatives
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    Hormonal regulation of gonadotropin receptors and steroidogenesis in cultured fetal rat tests (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Gonadotropic activation of the adult rat testis in vitro and in vivo is followed by down-regulation of luteinizing hormone receptors and decreased androgen responses to subsequent hormonal stimulation. In contrast, treatment of cultured fetal testes with gonadotropins and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate enhanced steroidogenic responsiveness and did not cause the luteinizing hormone-receptor loss and desensitization that is characteristic of the adult gonad. The analysis of gonadotropin receptors and action in cultured fetal testis cells facilitates developmental studies of gonadal function, and has revealed significant differences in the responses of fetal and adult Leydig cells to gonadotropic regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warren, D W -- Dufau, M L -- Catt, K J -- 1F33-HD06192/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):375-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Hydroxyprogesterones/biosynthesis ; Leydig Cells/*drug effects ; Luteinizing Hormone/pharmacology ; Male ; Progesterone/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, LH ; Testis/*embryology/metabolism ; Testosterone/biosynthesis
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    Congenital malformations induced by laetrile (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: Laetrile administered orally ot pregnant hamsters caused skeletal malformations in the offspring, but intravenous laetrile filed to result in embryopathic effects. Oral laetrile significantly increased in situ cyanide concentrations, while intravenous laetrile did not. Thiosulfate administration protected embryos from the teratogenic effects of oral laetrile. The embryopathic effects of oral laetrile appear to be due to cyanide released by bacterial beta-glucosidase activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willhite, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1513-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063858" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Administration, Oral ; Amygdalin/administration & dosage/metabolism/*toxicity ; Animals ; Cricetinae ; Female ; Injections, Intravenous ; Pregnancy
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    Aspartate: possible neurotransmitter in cerebellar climbing fibers (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: Autoradiography demonstrated prominent retrograde labeling of olivocerebellar climbing fiber neurons after injection of tritiated D-aspartate into the rat cerebellar cortex or deep nuclei. Mossy fiber systems originating in the brainstem and spinal cord remained unlabeled. Potassium ion-induced depolarization of cerebellar slices resulted in calcium ion-dependent release of endogenous L-aspartate, L-glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glycine. A 26 percent decrease in aspartate release was observed after 3-acetylpyridine-induced destruction of the inferior olive, supporting the hypothesis that aspartate is a neurotransmitter in climbing fibers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wiklund, L -- Toggenburger, G -- Cuenod, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6121375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartic Acid/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/cytology/*metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Glutamic Acid ; Glycine/metabolism ; Neural Pathways/metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Rats ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
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    Recovery of olfactory function after bilateral bulbectomy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: Mice were trained to discriminate between scented and unscented air. After olfactory bulbs were removed, discrimination was lost, but returned with the formation of synaptic connections between regenerated primary olfactory neurons and the cortex of the forebrain. The acquisition of a second olfactory-mediated task by long-term bulbectomized mice and controls was indistinguishable. The results emphasize the plasticity of the nervous system, correlate the presence of neural connections between olfactory mucosa and forebrain with the recovery of olfactory function, suggest that olfactory-mediated memory resides at least in part outside the olfactory bulbs, and demonstrate that the bulbs are not required for the acquisition of olfactory tasks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, J W -- Harding, J W -- NS 13976/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carnosine/physiology ; Central Nervous System/*physiology ; Female ; Memory/physiology ; Mice ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Olfactory Bulb/*physiology ; Olfactory Pathways/*physiology ; Smell/*physiology
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  • 52
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    Cure of mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and disulfiram rescue (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense were treatment concurrently with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), disulfiram, and hydration. Most of the mice (92.5 percent) were cured; inoculation of blood or suspensions of brain or heart from these animals did not produce disease in recipient mice. The dose of DDP needed to eliminate the trypanosomes, 3 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day for 7 days, was lethally toxic unless the animals received disulfiram orally and subcutaneous injections of physiologic saline, which reduced the acute renal necrosis caused by DDP alone. Some mild to moderate reversible renal damage was noted upon pathologic examination of the treated mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wysor, M S -- Zwelling, L A -- Sanders, J E -- Grenan, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):454-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cisplatin/adverse effects ; Disulfiram/*administration & dosage ; Kidney/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Necrosis/chemically induced ; Rats ; Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage ; Trypanosoma/drug effects ; Trypanosomiasis, African/pathology/*therapy
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    Wound tissue can utilize a polymeric template to synthesize a functional extension of skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Prompt and long-term closure of full-thickness skin wounds is guinea pigs and humans is achieved by applying a bilayer polymeric membrane. The membrane comprises a top layer of a silicone elastomer and a bottom layer of a porous cross-linked network of collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The bottom layer can be seeded with a small number of autologous basal cells before grafting. No immunosuppression is used and infection, exudation, and rejection are absent. Host tissue utilizes the sterile membrane as a culture medium to synthesize neoepidermal and neodermal tissue. A functional extension of skin over the entire wound area is formed in about 4 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yannas, I V -- Burke, J F -- Orgill, D P -- Skrabut, E M -- GM 21700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23946/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 14322/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7031899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Burns/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Collagen/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicone Elastomers/therapeutic use ; *Skin Transplantation ; *Wound Healing
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  • 54
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    Developmental changes in the biliary excretion of methylmercury and glutathione (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: The long half-time for methylmercury in the neonatal rats is explained by the neonatal liver's inability to secrete the toxin into bile, which in adults is the main route of elimination. The ability to secrete mercury into bile develops between 2 and 4 weeks of age and is correlated with the increasing ability of the developing liver to secrete glutathione into bile.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballatori, N -- Clarkson, T W -- 5T 32 ESO 7026/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ESO 1247/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ESO 1248/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Bile/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Glutathione/*metabolism ; Liver/growth & development/*metabolism ; Methylmercury Compounds/*metabolism ; Rats ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/metabolism
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    Recombinant inversion chromosomes in phenotypically normal chickens (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: Some progeny resulting from interbreeding of individuals heterozygous for a pericentric inversion of chromosome 1 in the chicken have the two complementary types of recombinant chromosomes arising from a single crossing-over within the inverted segment. These individuals are capable of reproduction. Their progeny can have one or the other of the two recombinant chromosomes or, if crossing-over occurs, either a normal or an inversion chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bitgood, J J -- Shoffner, R N -- Otis, J S -- Wang, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):409-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chickens/*genetics ; *Chromosome Inversion ; Female ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Meiosis ; *Recombination, Genetic
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    Interaction of convulsive ligands with benzodiazepine receptors (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-benzodiazepine receptor complex, which is composed of distinct proteins embedded in the neuronal plasma membrane, is important for several effects of benzodiazepines, including protection afforded against convulsions. During structural modification of ethyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate an agent was discovered which has high affinity for brain benzodiazepine receptors but which is a potent convulsant. Also in contrast to benzodiazepines, this type of benzodiazepine receptor ligand favors benzodiazepine receptors in the non-GABA-stimulated conformation, which may explain the convulsive properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Braestrup, C -- Schmiechen, R -- Neef, G -- Nielsen, M -- Petersen, E N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1241-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Carbolines/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; *Convulsants ; Indoles/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Macromolecular Substances ; Neural Inhibition ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/classification/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A
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    Autoradiographic evidence for a calcitonin receptor on testicular Leydig cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Previous studies have indicated that there is a relation between testicular function and adequate concentrations of zinc in testicular cells, and that calcitonin alters cellular zinc transfer in the testis. The present studies provide autoradiographic evidence that calcitonin binds in vivo to the cell membrane of testicular Leydig cells. The data thus confirm the presence of the testicular cell membrane calcitonin receptors that were previously demonstrated indirectly by Scatchard analysis of data collected from binding studies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chausmer, A B -- Stevens, M D -- Severn, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):735-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Calcitonin/*metabolism ; Leydig Cells/*metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Calcitonin ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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    Focal cortical seizures cause distant thalamic lesions (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Topical application of convulsants to the rat sensorimotor cortex in concentrations sufficient to cause repetitive focal motor seizures resulted in acute neuropathology (dark cell neuronal degeneration and spongiform neurophil changes) involving both the cortical seizure focus and certain thalamic nuclei within seizure pathways. Changes in the cortex were localized primarily in layer IV and those in the thalamus in nuclei having reciprocal connections with the cortical focus. The spongiform neuropil changes consisted of massively dilated presynaptic axon terminals in the cortex and postsynaptic dendrites in the thalamus. The dendritic and dark cell changes resemble the excitotoxic damage caused by glutamate and aspartate. Since these putative transmitters may be released locally from recurrent collaterals and remotely from corticothalamic axons, excessive release of glutamate or aspartate may account for the changes in both sites. The abnormal axons in sensory cortex appear to be terminals of thalamocortical neurons. Swelling of these axons may be caused by excessive anti- and orthodromic firing in the course of focal motor seizures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, R C -- Olney, J W -- MH-38894/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-09156/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-14834/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):177-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123229" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiopathology/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Neurons/physiology/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Thalamus/*physiopathology
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    Interference with dimethylhydrazine induction of colon tumors in mice by epsilon-aminocaproic acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The antifibrinolytic agent epsilon-aminocaproic acid given in the drinking water to Swiss ICR/Ha mice significantly counteracted the appearance of colorectal tumors induced by 21 weekly infections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. The drug affected both the number and the location of the tumors and, in some animals, altogether prevented their appearance. The low concentrations of epsilon-aminocaproic acid in the plasma of four control mice given the agent labeled with carbon-14 for 3 days suggest that the effect may depend not on inhibition of plasminogen activator activity, but on interference with the binding of some substance to the strong lysine binding site of plasminogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Corasanti, J G -- Hobika, G H -- Markus, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1020-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6805074" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*chemically induced ; Aminocaproates/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Colonic Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Dimethylhydrazines/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Female ; Male ; Methylhydrazines/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Plasminogen/metabolism ; Plasminogen Activators/antagonists & inhibitors ; Plasminogen Inactivators ; Protein Binding
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    Activity-dependent K+ accumulation in the developing rat optic nerve (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Potassium-sensitive microelectrodes were used to study activity-dependent changes of extracellular potassium ion concentration ([K+]o) in rat optic nerves of different postnatal ages (1 day to adulthood). The maximum level to which [K+]o rose with optimal frequencies of stimulation depended on age: mean maximum evoked [K+]o was 17.2 microM in 1- to 3-day-old optic nerves and 9.8 microM in adult nerves. The ceiling [K+]o seen in immature optic nerves, which is uniquely large for a mammalian central nervous system structure, may result from a relatively enhanced rate of evoked K+ release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Connors, B W -- Ransom, B R -- Kunis, D M -- Gutnick, M J -- NS 00473/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15589/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1341-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079771" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials ; Neurons/physiology ; Optic Nerve/*growth & development/physiology ; Potassium/*metabolism ; Rats
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    Cellular transforming genes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Cellular genes potentially capable of inducing oncogenic transformation have been identified by homology to the transforming genes of retroviruses and by the biological activity of cellular DNA's in transfection assays. DNA's of various tumors induce transformation with high efficiencies, indicating that oncogenesis can involve dominant genetic alterations resulting in activation of cellular transforming genes. The identification and characterization of cellular transforming genes and their possible involvement in naturally occurring cancers, is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):801-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) ; Rats ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transfection ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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    Molecular biology of the sea urchin embryo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Research on the early development of the sea urchin offers new insights into the process of embryogenesis. Maternal messenger RNA stored in the unfertilized egg supports most of the protein synthesis in the early embryo, but the structure of maternal transcripts suggests that additional functions are also possible. The overall developmental patterns of transcription and protein synthesis are known, and current measurements describe the expression of specific genes, including the histone genes, the ribosomal genes, and the actin genes. Possible mechanisms of developmental commitment are explored for regions of the early embryo that give rise to specified cell lineages, such as the micromere-mesenchyme cell lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, E H -- Hough-Evans, B R -- Britten, R J -- GM20927/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD05753/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR00986/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):17-26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blastocyst/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fertilization ; Gastrula/physiology ; Histones/genetics ; Kinetics ; Larva/physiology ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Sea Urchins/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Asymmetrical brain activity discriminates between positive and negative affective stimuli in human infants (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Ten-month-old infants viewed videotape segments of an actress spontaneously generating a happy or sad facial expression. Brain activity was recorded from the left and right frontal and parietal scalp regions. In two studies, infants showed greater activation of the left frontal than of the right frontal area in response to the happy segments. Parietal asymmetry failed to discriminate between the conditions. Differential lateralization of the hemispheres for affective processes seems to be established by 10 months of age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, R J -- Fox, N A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1235-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146906" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Affect/*physiology ; Age Factors ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Infant ; Perception/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Habituation and sensitization of startle reflexes elicited electrically from the brainstem (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Repetitive elicitation of startle-like responses by electrical stimulation of the cochlear nucleus led to sensitization followed by habituation. In contrast, repetitive elicitation of startle-like responses by electrical stimulation of the reticular formation led only to sensitization. Since these different locations represent different points along the acoustic startle circuit, the data suggest that sensitization may be related to the motor side of reflex arcs, whereas habituation may be related to the sensory side.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, M -- Parisi, T -- Gendelman, D S -- Tischler, M -- Kehne, J H -- MH-00004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-18949/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-25642/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):688-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134967" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cochlear Nerve/physiology ; *Habituation, Psychophysiologic ; Male ; Rats ; Reflex ; Reflex, Startle/*physiology ; Sound
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    Sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Preliminary observations suggest a sex difference in the shape and surface area of the human corpus callosum. The sexual dimorphism is striking in the splenium, the caudal or posterior portion of the corpus callosum. The female splenium is both more bulbous and larger than the male counterpart. Since peristriate, parietal, and superior temporal fibers course through the splenium, this finding could be related to possible gender differences in the degree of lateralization for visuospatial functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLacoste-Utamsing, C -- Holloway, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1431-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Corpus Callosum/*anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size ; *Sex Characteristics ; Visual Perception
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    Rabbit hepatic progesterone 21-hydroxylase exhibits a bimodal distribution of activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Progesterone 21-hydroxylase activity varies extensively among liver microsomes prepared from individual New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The 21-hydroxylase activities are distributed between two groupings that differ by more than tenfold in mean activity. Both male and female animals are represented in the two groupings. However, females exhibited the higher activity more frequently than males. The 21-hydroxylation of progesterone is catalyzed by one of the liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 isozymes, form 1, and these differences in activity are suggestive of differences in the occurrence of this isozyme among NZW rabbits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dieter, H H -- Muller-Eberhard, U -- Johnson, E F -- HD04445/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):741-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6808664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Desoxycorticosterone/metabolism ; Female ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Liver/*enzymology ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase/metabolism ; Progesterone/*metabolism ; Rabbits ; Sex Factors ; Steroid 21-Hydroxylase/*metabolism ; Steroid Hydroxylases/*metabolism
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    Events in the evolution of pre-proinsulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: An extensive computer-assisted analysis of known pre-proinsulin coding sequences has shown correlations that can be interpreted as evidence for an intron-mediated juxtaposition of exons in the evolution of these genes. The evidence includes the discovery that the regions of the pre-proinsulin genes that code for the signal peptide consist of nearly tandem repeating units of nine base pairs. This pattern reappears in the C region of the genes after a large intron that occurs in three of the four genes analyzed. A model is proposed in which primordial insulin was coded for by two separate minigenes arising from a gene duplication, each with identical or nearly identical signal peptide coding regions. The minigenes fused into one transcriptional unit mediated by the large intron, and the signal peptide coding region of one of the putative minigenes evolved into the latter portion of the C peptide coding region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Douthart, R J -- Norris, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):729-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Computers ; Cricetinae ; Disulfides ; Genes ; Humans ; Insulin ; Models, Genetic ; Proinsulin/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; Rats ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Iodine-125-labeled triiodothyronine in rat brain: evidence for localization in discrete neural systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: Autoradiograms prepared from adult rat brains demonstrate that nerve cells and neuropil in different brain regions selectively concentrate and retain intravenously administered triiodothyronine, by mechanisms susceptible to saturation with excess triiodothyronine. A neuroregulatory role for thyroid hormones, strongly supported by the observations, may account for their marked effects on behavior and the activity of the autonomic nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dratman, M B -- Futaesaku, Y -- Crutchfield, F L -- Berman, N -- Payne, B -- Sar, M -- Stumpf, W E -- HD03110/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH29549/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS09914/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):309-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain/cytology/*metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
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    Chemoprevention of neonatal jaundice: potency of tin-protoporphyrin in an animal model (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: The substantial increases of hepatic, splenic, and renal heme oxygenase levels that occur shortly after birth in neonatal rats were prevented by a single administration of tin-protoporphyrin (10 micromoles per kilogram of body weight). With this treatment serum bilirubin levels declined within 24 hours to near-normal adult levels and remained low throughout the postnatal period. Zinc-protoporphyrin at doses up to 50-fold greater than the effective dose of tin-protoporphyrin did not prevent the immediate increases in tissue heme oxygenase activities and in serum bilirubin levels that occur postnatally. Studies in vitro with microsomal heme oxygenase in human spleen indicate that tin-protoporphyrin is a potent competitive inhibitor of the oxidation of heme to bile pigment in this tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drummond, G S -- Kappas, A -- ES-01055/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1250-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6896768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bilirubin/blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/*prevention & control ; Kidney/enzymology ; Liver/enzymology ; *Metalloporphyrins ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Porphyrins/*therapeutic use ; Protoporphyrins/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Rats ; Spleen/enzymology ; Tin/pharmacology/therapeutic use
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    Mus poschiavinus Y chromosome in the C57BL/6J murine genome causes sex reversal (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eicher, E M -- Washburn, L L -- Whitney, J B 3rd -- Morrow, K E -- AM 17947/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 20919/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR 01183/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 6;217(4559):535-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Disorders of Sex Development/genetics ; Female ; Fertility ; Gonadal Dysgenesis/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Muridae/*genetics ; Ovary/embryology ; Phenotype ; *Sex Chromosomes ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; Testis/abnormalities/embryology ; *Y Chromosome
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    Hypotensive effect of fasting: possible involvement of the sympathetic nervous system and endogenous opiates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Fasting lowers blood pressure to a greater extent in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in normotensive rats. While fasting reduced cardiac sympathetic activity to an equivalent extent in both groups of animals, only in the hypertensive rats did fasting elicit an opiate-mediated vasodepressor response that was independent of sympathetic withdrawal. Both sympathetic nervous system suppression and endogenous opiate activation, therefore, may contribute to the hypotensive effect of fasting in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Einhorn, D -- Young, J B -- Landberg, L -- AM 20378/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL 24084/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RR 76/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):727-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Endorphins/*physiology ; *Fasting ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiology
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    Substance P analog, DiMe-C7: evidence for stability in rat brain and prolonged central actions (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: A metabolically protected analog of substance P, [pGlu5-MePhe8-MeGly9]SP(5-11) (DiMe-C7), was approximately equipotent with substance P in causing increased locomotor activity after microinfusion into the ventral tegmental area of rat brain, but the effects of DiMe-C7 on behavior were considerably prolonged. There was little metabolic degradation of tritiated DiMe-C7 for up to 1 hour after infusion, whereas tritiated substance P was completely degraded within 10 minutes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eison, A S -- Iversen, S D -- Sandberg, B E -- Watson, S P -- Hanley, M R -- Iversen, L L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):188-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/*metabolism ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; *Peptide Fragments ; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Rats ; Substance P/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology
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    An estrogen-binding protein and endogenous ligand in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: possible hormone receptor system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-15
    Description: A protein macromolecule in the cytosol of the unicellular eukaryotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae selectively binds the vertebrate estrogen hormone 17 beta-estradiol with high affinity. Lipid extracts of the yeast cells or the conditioned growth medium yield a substance that can bind competitively to the tritiated estradiol-binding sites in the yeast and to mammalian estrogen receptors. These findings suggest that the binding protein may be a primitive hormone receptor and that the lipid-extractable substance represents the endogenous ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feldman, D -- Do, Y -- Burshell, A -- Stathis, P -- Loose, D S -- GM28825/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 15;218(4569):297-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289434" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Female ; Ligands ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen/*analysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*metabolism
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    Amphetamine, haloperidol, and experience interact to affect rate of recovery after motor cortex injury (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Rats subjected to unilateral ablation of the motor cortex and placed on a narrow beam displayed transient contralateral paresis. An immediate and enduring acceleration of recovery was produced by a single dose of d-amphetamine given 24 hours after injury. This effect was blocked by haloperidol or by restraining the animals for 8 hours beginning immediately after amphetamine administration. A single dose of haloperidol given 24 hours after injury markedly slowed recovery. This effect was also blocked by restraining the animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feeney, D M -- Gonzalez, A -- Law, W A -- RR 08139-07/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):855-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/physiology ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Drug Interactions ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Motor Cortex/*physiology ; Paralysis/etiology/therapy ; Practice (Psychology) ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Wound Healing/drug effects
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    Malnutrition and fertility (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frisch, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1272-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7199206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; *Lactation ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy
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    Oxytocin receptors and human parturition: a dual role for oxytocin in the initiation of labor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: The concentration of oxytocin receptors increased in the myometrium of pregnant women and reached maximum levels in early labor. Concentrations of oxytocin receptors were also high in the decidua and reached a maximum at parturition. In vitro, prostaglandin production by the decidua, but not by the myometrium, was increased by the addition of oxytocin. Oxytocin may therefore stimulate uterine contractions by acting both directly on the myometrium and indirectly on decidual prostaglandin production. Oxytocin receptors are probably crucial for the onset of human labor, and the stimulus for the increase in uterine prostaglandins may be oxytocin originating from the fetus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuchs, A R -- Fuchs, F -- Husslein, P -- Soloff, M S -- Fernstrom, M J -- HD8406/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1396-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Decidua/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; *Labor, Obstetric ; Myometrium/physiology ; Oxytocin/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; Prostaglandins E/biosynthesis ; Prostaglandins F/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; Uterus/*physiology
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    Boradeption: a new procedure for transferring water-insoluble agents across cell membranes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: A new process has been developed which is called "Boradeption" to signify boronic acid--dependent phase transfer of water-insoluble agents. Highly fluorescent boronic acid dervatives, FluoroBoras, are solubilized with a physiologically compatible carrier buffer containing a receptor group for boronate adduct formation. The system can be used to stain living cells. In another variation of the Boradeption concept, an insoluble reporter molecule containing a boronate receptor is solubilized with a carrier buffer containing a boronic acid functional group. The boronate-receptor complexes, which are in dynamic equilibrium, can be designed as vital stains and reagents for a variety of biological and medical applications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallop, P M -- Paz, M A -- Henson, E -- AG-00376-07/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HL-20764-04A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):166-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178158" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Transport ; *Boron Compounds/therapeutic use ; *Boronic Acids/therapeutic use ; *Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Chromogenic Compounds/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Fibroblasts ; Fluorescent Dyes/metabolism ; Humans ; Rats ; Staining and Labeling
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    Sugar infusion can enhance feeding (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: An investigation was made of the role of glucose in the regulation of hunger and satiety in the rabbit. Glucose, when infused intraduodenally at a low rate (1 milliliter per minute), produced a decrease in food intake. However, when glucose was infused into the duodenum at a high rate (3 milliliters per minute), the rabbits nearly doubled their food intake during the first half-hour after infusion. It is hypothesized that the rapid arrival and glucose in the duodenum may produce hunger.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geiselman, P J -- Novin, D -- NS7687/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):490-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/physiology ; Duodenum/*physiology ; Female ; Glucose/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Satiation/*drug effects ; Satiety Response/*drug effects
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    Histocompatibility and isoenzyme differences in commercially supplied "BALB/c" mice (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: BALB/c mice obtained commercially were found to differ significantly from the standard phenotype of BALB/c strain mice. Isoenzyme tests and H-2 haplotype analyses indicated that the majority of mice from two of the three sources tested appeared mixed, frequently heterozygous, and did not consistently express either the expected H-2 or glucose phosphate isomerase type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahan, B -- Auerbach, R -- Alter, B J -- Bach, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):379-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6953593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Markers ; Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/genetics ; H-2 Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Inbreeding ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*genetics ; Phenotype
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    Insulin stimulates the phosphorylation of the 95,000-dalton subunit of its own receptor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Cultured human lymphocytes and rat hepatoma cells were labeled with [32P]orthophosphate and the insulin receptor subunits identified by immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoreses. In both cell types the 95,000-dalton (beta) subunit of the insulin receptor was selectively phosphorylated. Phosphorylation was specifically stimulated by insulin in a dose-dependent fashion after 1 and 15 minutes of hormone treatment, whereas human growth hormone was without effect. This phosphorylation may be a very early event in insulin action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kasuga, M -- Karlsson, F A -- Kahn, C R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):185-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7031900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Growth Hormone/pharmacology ; Humans ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Lymphocytes ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 81
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    Alcohol and pregnancy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kline, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):564.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcoholic Beverages/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/*chemically induced
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  • 82
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    Interspecies variations in mammalian lens metabolites as detected by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Multiple interspecies differences were detected between humans and seven other mammals in 15 of the 24 metabolites measured in the intact crystalline lens and lens perchloric acid extracts. Generally, the number of statistically significant metabolite differences among the various species, relative to the human, increase in the following order: cat or approximately dog greater than pig greater than rat greater than sheep greater than rabbit greater than cow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kopp, S J -- Glonek, T -- Greiner, J V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cats ; Choline/metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phosphocreatine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 83
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    Stimulation of feeding in rats by intraperitoneal injection of antibodies to glucagon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: Intraperitoneal injections of antibodies to pancreatic glucagon at the onset of the first meal after 12 hours of food deprivation increased meal size 63 percent and meal duration 74 percent in rats. The antibodies also reduced the increase in hepatic vein blood glucose that occurred during meals in control rats, but did not affect the prandial increase in portal vein blood glucose. These results suggest that, under these conditions, pancreatic glucagon is necessary for the normal termination of meals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langhans, W -- Zeiger, U -- Scharrer, E -- Geary, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):894-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Glucagon/immunology/*physiology ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Satiation/*physiology
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  • 84
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    Anti-inflammatory steroids without pituitary-adrenal suppression (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: When two new steroids, methyl prednisolonate and methyl 20-dihydroprednisolonate, were applied locally their anti-inflammatory activities were nearly equivalent to those of the parent compound prednisolone in the cotton pellet granuloma bioassay. However, when these two derivatives were administered systemically, their anti-inflammatory activities were weaker than those of the parent compound. Furthermore, unlike the parent compound, these new anti-inflammatory steroids did not suppress pituitary-adrenal function or cause liver glycogen depletion in rats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, H J -- Soliman, M R -- AM 21627/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- RR 08111/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):989-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6296999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Topical ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood ; Animals ; *Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Corticosterone/blood ; Liver Glycogen/biosynthesis ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/*drug effects ; Prednisolone/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 85
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    Lung water quantitation by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine quantitatively the water distribution of saline-filled and normal rat lungs in both isolated lung and in situ preparations. Regional lung edema was easily detected. Studies of an isolated lung fragment indicate an accuracy of better than 1 percent and images of H2O/D2O phantoms indicate an average error of 2.7 percent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayes, C E -- Case, T A -- Ailion, D C -- Morris, A H -- Cutillo, A -- Blackburn, C W -- Durney, C H -- Johnson, S A -- 2 R01 HL 23746-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Water/*analysis ; Lung/*analysis ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Pulmonary Edema/diagnosis ; Rats
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  • 86
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    Pituitary receptor site blockade by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist in vivo: mechanism of action (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Administration of a potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist [Nac-L-Ala1,pCl-D-Phe2,D-Trp3,6]GnRH as a single subcutaneous injection to castrated adult male rats reduced, by more than 90 percent, both serum luteinizing hormone concentrations and specific pituitary GnRH receptor binding. This effect persisted for 24 hours. The dissociation rate of the antagonist from pituitary membrane homogenates was fourfold slower than the dissociation rate of a potent agonist. The prolonged in vivo inhibition of pituitary GnRH receptor binding and luteinizing hormone secretion by the GnRH antagonist may be mediated by the slower dissociation rate of the antagonist from its specific pituitary membrane receptor site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heber, D -- Dodson, R -- Swerdloff, R S -- Channabasavaiah, K -- Stewart, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):420-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Male ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, LHRH
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  • 87
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    Homologous regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in cultured pituitary cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: Specific receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in cultured rat pituitary cells were increased by subnanomolar concentrations of GnRH agonists and decreased by high concentrations of these peptides. The antagonist [D-Phe2, Pro3, D-Phe6]GnRH did not alter GnRH binding capacity and blocked the increase in sites induced by GnRH. These findings provide direct evidence for the homologous regulation of GnRH receptors by physiological concentrations of the hypothalamic peptide, an action that could mediate the cyclical and postcastration increases in GnRH receptors and responsiveness of the pituitary gonadotrophs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loumaye, E -- Catt, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):983-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6296998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Feedback ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Pituitary Gland/secretion ; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*pharmacology ; Receptors, LHRH
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  • 88
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    Estrogen receptors at implantation sites of rat endometrium (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Logeat, F -- Sartor, P -- Hai, M T -- Milgrom, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1134-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Embryo Implantation ; Endometrium/*metabolism ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism
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  • 89
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    Ornithine decarboxylase: essential in proliferation but not differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: The ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor DL-alpha-difluoromethyl ornithine inhibited a proliferation-associated increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells, resulting in a marked suppression of cell proliferation and subsequent cell loss. It also inhibited increases in ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with the phorbol ester-induced conversion of promyelocytic HL-60 cells to monocyte-like cells and the retinoic acid-induced conversion to granulocyte-like cells. However, the inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity did not prevent cellular differentiation. These results suggest that polyamine biosynthesis has a specific role in cell proliferation rather than in inducing differentiation that is not accompanied by proliferation. The data also demonstrate that cessation of proliferation in HL-60 cells is not necessarily associated with differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luk, G D -- Civin, C I -- Weissman, R M -- Baylin, S B -- AM-27447/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA-18404/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL-19157/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6950518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carboxy-Lyases/*physiology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Granulocytes/pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*enzymology/pathology ; Macrophages/pathology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/*physiology ; Polyamines/biosynthesis ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Tretinoin/pharmacology
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  • 90
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    Histone proteins in HeLa S3 cells are synthesized in a cell cycle stage specific manner (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: The synthesis of histone proteins in G1 and S phase HeLa S3 cells was examined by two-dimensional electrophoretic fractionation of nuclear and total cellular proteins. Newly synthesized histones were detected only in S phase cells. Histone messenger RNA sequences, as detected by hybridization with cloned human histone genes, were present in the cytoplasm of S phase but not G1 cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marashi, F -- Baumbach, L -- Rickles, R -- Sierra, F -- Stein, J L -- Stein, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):683-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Cycle ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytarabine/pharmacology ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Female ; HeLa Cells/*metabolism ; Histones/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 91
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    Looking at genes in the workplace (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):336-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Industry ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Disease Susceptibility ; Ethics ; Female ; Genetic Testing/*trends ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Occupational Diseases/*prevention & control ; hearing that many corporations are considering genetic screening of employees. ; Biochemical genetic screening of "susceptible" workers is aimed at identifying ; individuals unsuitable for specific jobs, and cytogenic monitoring involves the ; testing of groups of workers for chromosome aberrations that might occur as a ; result of exposure to chemicals. The apparent surge of interest in such testing ; requires that several legal, ethical, and policy issues be addressed, including ; the potential for discrimination, the misuse of screening as an alternative to ; cleaning up the workplace, the predictive capability of the tests, and the ; necessity for the development of guidelines for screening programs.
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  • 92
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    Serotonin and octopamine in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The biogenic amines serotonin and octopamine are present in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Serotonin, detected histochemically in whole mounts, is localized in two pharyngeal neurons that appear to be neurosecretory. Octopamine, identified radioenzymatically in crude extracts, probably is also localized in a few neurons. Exogenous serotonin and octopamine elicit specific and opposite behavioral responses in Caenorhabditis elegans, suggesting that these compounds function physiologically as antagonists.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horvitz, H R -- Chalfie, M -- Trent, C -- Sulston, J E -- Evans, P D -- GM07287/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM24663/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1012-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6805073" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Caenorhabditis/*physiology ; Female ; Octopamine/*physiology ; Ovulation/drug effects ; Serotonin/*physiology ; Temperature
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  • 93
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    Rat pro-opiomelanocortin contains sulfate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Intermediate lobes isolated from rat pituitary glands incorporated [35S]sulfate into pro-opiomelanocortin and other adrenocorticotropic hormone-containing peptides. Incubation of intermediate lobes in medium containing the arginine analog canavanine inhibited the cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin into smaller products. Pro-opiomelanocortin that accumulated in the presence of canavanine was also sulfated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoshina, H -- Hortin, G -- Boime, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):63-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*biosynthesis ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/*biosynthesis ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis ; Radioisotope Dilution Technique ; Rats ; Sulfur Radioisotopes ; Sulfuric Acids/*metabolism ; Tritium
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  • 94
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    Building bigger mice through gene transfer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1298.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Growth Hormone/*genetics ; Liver/analysis ; Metallothionein/genetics ; Mice/*genetics ; Operon ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Rats ; *Recombination, Genetic
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  • 95
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    Transplants as guides to brain development (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):340-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/embryology ; Cerebral Cortex/transplantation ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Nerve Growth Factors/isolation & purification ; Nerve Tissue/*transplantation ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rats
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  • 96
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    Autoimmunity in left-handers. Left-handedness may be associated with an increased risk of autoimmune disease. Is testosterone the link between the two? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):141-2,4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*physiopathology ; Brain/embryology/pathology/*physiology ; Dyslexia/pathology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Learning Disorders/complications ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Rats ; Testosterone/pharmacology/physiology
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  • 97
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    How the brain controls birdsong (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1125-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112119" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Birds/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Testosterone/physiology
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  • 98
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    Sleep-promoting factor isolated (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/*analogs & derivatives ; Alanine/analysis ; Animals ; Cats ; Diaminopimelic Acid/analysis ; Glutamates/analysis ; Glutamic Acid ; Glycopeptides/*urine ; Humans ; Intestines/microbiology ; Muramic Acids/analysis ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/analysis ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Sleep/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    A new marker for diabetes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/pathology ; Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Obesity ; Sex Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Biological markers for chemical exposure (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):643-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosomes/*drug effects ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproduction/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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