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  • Kinetics  (64)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (64)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Wiley
  • 1980-1984  (64)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1982  (41)
  • 1980  (23)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (64)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Wiley
  • Springer  (13)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (64)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
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    Single-nutrient microbial competition: qualitative agreement between experimental and theoretically forecast outcomes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: When microbial strains compete for the same limiting nutrient in continuous culture, resource-based competition theory predicts that only one strain will survive and all others will die out. The surviving strain expected from theory will be the one with the smallest subsistence or "break-even" concentration of the limiting resource, a concentration defined by the J parameter. This prediction has been confirmed in the case of auxotrophic bacterial strains competing for limiting tryptophan. Because the value of J can be measured on the strains grown alone, the theory can predict the qualitative outcomes of mixed-growth competition in advance of actual competition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hansen, S R -- Hubbell, S P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1491-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6767274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*growth & development ; Culture Media ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Escherichia coli/growth & development ; Kinetics ; Models, Theoretical ; Nalidixic Acid/pharmacology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development ; Tryptophan/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    The heart is a target organ for androgen (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Autoradiographic and biochemical analyses of the hearts of female rhesus monkeys and baboons indicate that atrial and ventricular myocardial cells contain androgen receptors. Although the specific effects of nuclear uptake and retention of androgen on the function of heart muscle cells are not known, the presence of this receptor suggests that sex steroid hormones may affect myocardial function directly and may explain some of the peculiar differences in heart disease between men and women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGill, H C Jr -- Anselmo, V C -- Buchanan, J M -- Sheridan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/*metabolism ; Animals ; Coronary Disease/*etiology ; Dihydrotestosterone/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Kinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Papio ; Receptors, Androgen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*metabolism ; Sex Factors
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  • 3
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    Calcium regulation during stimulus-secretion coupling: continuous measurement of intracellular calcium activities (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Accurate measurements of intracellular calcium activities in salivary gland epithelial cells of the insect Phormia regina were obtained with microelectrodes in which N,N'-di(11-ethoxycarbonyl)undecyl-N,N'-4,5-tetramethyl-3,6-dioxaoctane diacid diamide wsa incorporated in a liquid membrane system. When calibrated in solutions approximating the ionic concentration of the cell interior, these microelectrodes gave rapid stable responses that were linear functions of the logarithm of calcium activities and were not affected by potassium, sodium and magnesium. Continuous monitoring of calcium activities during serotonin-induced saliva release provided direct evidence of hormonal influence on transmembrane calcium movement and spontaneous regulation of intracellular calcium by stimulated cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Doherty, J -- Youmans, S J -- Armstrong, W M -- Stark, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):510-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Diptera/*metabolism ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Microelectrodes ; Salivary Glands/drug effects/*metabolism ; Serotonin/pharmacology
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  • 4
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    Nerve terminals are as metabolically different as the muscle fibers they innervate (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: The rate at which glucose enters nerve terminals in muscle was estimated indirectly by measuring changes in miniature end-plate potential frequency D-Glucose entered nerve terminals in muscles with a fast twitch more rapidly than it entered those with a slow twitch. This suggests that nerve terminals in fast- and slow-twitch muscles differ in their rate of metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickett, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):927-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Diaphragm/innervation ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Nerve Endings/*metabolism ; Neuromuscular Junction/*metabolism ; Osmolar Concentration ; Rats
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  • 5
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    Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors during the rat estrous cycle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: The binding of [6-alanine]gonadotropin-releasing hormone to pituitary plasma membranes increased threefold between metestrus and early proestrus in female rats. Receptor numbers fell rapidly on the afternoon of proestrus coincident with the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. The numbers of receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone were positively correlated with concentrations of estradiol in serum; this pattern may be a necessary component of increased pituitary sensitivty to gonadotropin-releasing hormone observed during proestrus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savoy-Moore, R T -- Schwartz, N B -- Duncan, J A -- Marshall, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Estradiol/blood ; *Estrus ; Feedback ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 6
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    Measurement of intracellular free calcium in monkey kidney cells with aequorin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: A method has been developed for the measurement of intracellular free calcium in mammalian cells. The calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin can be incorporated into isolated cells by hypo-osmotic treatment without altering the cell viability, permeability, or metabolism. Intracellular calcium activity (Cai2+) was monitored in a perfusion system. In monkey kidney cells (LLC-MK2), Cai2+ is approximately 57 nanomoles per liter. Changes in Cai2+ with time can also be followed: exposure of the cells to anaerobiosis or the calcium ionophore A23187 reversibly increases Cai2+. The method has also been successfully tested in rat hepatocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borle, A B -- Snowdowne, K W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):252-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6806904" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aequorin ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Kidney/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Luminescent Proteins ; Macaca mulatta
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  • 7
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    Micromolar affinity benzodiazepine receptors: identification and characterization in central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Receptors that selectively bind micromolar concentrations of benzodiazepines are present in rat brain membrane. These micromolar receptors exhibit saturable, stereospecific binding, and the potency of benzodiazepine binding to these receptors is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit maximum electric shock-induced convulsions. Benzodiazepine receptors with nanomolar affinity differ from the micromolar receptors in their binding, kinetic, and pharmacologic characteristics. The micromolar receptors also bind phenytoin, a non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. These results provide evidence for a distinct class of clinically relevant benzodiazepine receptors that may regulate neuronal excitability and anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowling, A C -- DeLorenzo, R J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Calmodulin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 8
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    Artificial enzymes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Simple chemical catalysts have been designed to achieve some desirable features of enzymes. These novel catalysts are not proteins, but they may incorporate the typical enzyme catalytic groups and they achieve selectivity in their reactions by use of geometric control, as do enzymes. Catalysts that carry out geometrically controlled chlorinations of aromatic rings and steroids have been constructed. Other catalysts achieve the selective synthesis of amino acids, and still others imitate ribonuclease in detailed mechanism and hydrolyze RNA. Optimization of geometries has led to a rate acceleration of over 10(8) in one instance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):532-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catalysis ; Cyclodextrins ; *Enzymes ; Kinetics ; Models, Chemical ; Ribonucleases ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Transaminases
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  • 9
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    Long-term synaptic potentiation in the superior cervical ganglion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: Brief tetanic stimulation of the preganglionic nerves to the superior cervical ganglion enhances the postganglionic response to single preganglionic stimuli for 1 to 3 hours. This long-term potentiation of transmission through the ganglion is apparently not attributable to a persistent muscarinic action of the preganglionic neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, since neither the magnitude nor the time course of the phenomenon is reduced by atropine. The decay of long-term potentiation can be described by a first-order kinetic process with a mean time constant of 80 minutes. We conclude that long-term potentiation, once considered a unique property of the hippocampus, is in fact a more general feature of synaptic function. This form of synaptic memory may significantly influence information processing and control in other regions of the nervous system, including autonomic ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, T H -- McAfee, D A -- 12116/PHS HHS/ -- NS 16576/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
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  • 10
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    Evidence that glucose "marks" beta cells resulting in preferential release of newly synthesized insulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Studies of isolated islets labeled with radioactive leucine show that glucose at a critical time "marks" islets in such a way as to cause preferential release of newly synthesized insulin. The preferential release of insulin from marked islets is relatively independent of subsequent secretagogues or rates of insulin secretion. Previous kinetic studies have indicated that the critical time at which marking occurs is after proinsulin biosynthesis but before the secretory event. Thus, secretory cells may regulate the diversion of newly synthesized material for immediate release as it is approaching or transiting the Golgi apparatus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gold, G -- Gishizky, M L -- Grodsky, G M -- AM 01410/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):56-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6181562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Insulin/biosynthesis/*secretion ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects/*secretion ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Tolbutamide/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Modulation of striatal dopaminergic function by local injection of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Rats rotated to the left when 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) was injected into the left caudate nucleus and apomorphine was administered subcutaneously. The combination of NECA and apomorphine was more potent than L-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine and apomorphine in eliciting rotation, suggesting the involvement of adenosine receptors of the Ra type. The response was reduced when 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine was injected along with NECA into the caudate nucleus or when theorphylline was given intraperitoneally. Higher doses of apomorphine elicited a self-mutilatory response after the injection of NECA into the caudate nucleus. These results suggest that adenosine may be involved in the modulation of dopaminergic function in the striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, R D -- Proudfit, H K -- Yeung, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):58-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Injections ; Kinetics ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rotation ; Vasodilator Agents/*pharmacology
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  • 12
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    Preferential attack of mitochondrial DNA by aflatoxin B1 during hepatocarcinogenesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: Administration of the hepatic carcinogen aflatoxin B1 to experimental animals results in covalent binding to liver mitochondrial DNA at concentrations three to four times higher than nuclear DNA. The concentration of carcinogen adducts in mitochondrial DNA remains unchanged even after 24 hours, possible because of lack of excision repair. Similarly, mitochondrial transcription and translation remain inhibited up to 24 hours suggesting long-term effects of aflatoxin B1 on the mitochondrial genetic system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niranjan, B G -- Bhat, N K -- Avadhani, N G -- CA-22762/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):73-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Aflatoxins/*metabolism ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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  • 13
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    Brain injury causes a time-dependent increase in neuronotrophic activity at the lesion site (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: A cavity was made in the brain (entorhinal cortex) of developing or adult rats, and a small piece of Gelfoam was emplaced to collect fluid secreted into the wound. The neuronotrophic activity of the fluid was assayed with sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons in culture. The results show that wounds in the brain of developing or adult rats stimulate the accumulation of neuronotrophic factors and that the activity of these factors increases over the first few days after infliction of the damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nieto-Sampedro, M -- Lewis, E R -- Cotman, C W -- Manthorpe, M -- Skaper, S D -- Barbin, G -- Longo, F M -- Varon, S -- AG-00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH-19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):860-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Injuries/*physiopathology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Kinetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Wound Healing
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  • 14
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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  • 15
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    Translational efficiency of transfer RNA's: uses of an extended anticodon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Transfer RNA's are probably very strongly selected for translational efficiency. In this article, the argument is presented that the coding performance of the triplet anticodon is enhanced by selection of a matching anticodon loop and stem sequence. the anticodon plus these nearby sequence features (the extended anticodon) therefore contains more coding information than the anticodon alone and can perform more efficiently and accurately at the ribosome. This idea successfully accounts for the relative efficiencies of many transfer RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarus, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):646-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Ribosomes/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Suppression, Genetic
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  • 16
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    Neurotransmitter release from a vertebrate neuromuscular synapse affected by a food dye (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: The food dye erythrosine (Erythrosin B; FD & C No. 3) was applied to isolated neuromuscular synapses in the frog, and its effects on the spontaneous quantal release of acetylcholine were examined with electrophysiological techniques. At concentrations of 10 muM or greater this anionic dye produced an irreversible, dose-dependent increase in neurotransmitter release. This increase did not depend on the presence of calcium ions in the bathing medium. These increase did not depend on the presence of calcium ions in the bathing medium. These results suggest that erythrosine might prove a useful pharmacological tool for studying the process of transmitter release, but that its use as a food additive should be reexamined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Augustine, G J Jr -- Levitan, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1489-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6244619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura ; Calcium/physiology ; Erythrosine/*pharmacology ; Fluoresceins/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Motor Endplate/drug effects ; Neuromuscular Junction/*drug effects ; Rana pipiens ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects
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  • 17
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    Antibody to spermine: a natural biological constituent (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: A protein that binds spermine specifically was separated from normal rabbit serum by affinity chromatography. Immunoelectrophoresis, the Ouchterlony immunodiffusion test, and gradient gel electrophoresis indicated that this protein has immunoglobulin characteristics and consists of several populations of antibodies to spermine. These were sequentially released from Sepharose-spermine gel by step-wise elution with solutions ranging in pH from 4 to 1. The binding constants varied from 5.0 x 10(8) to 11.1 x 10(8) liters per mole. These globulins did not react with monoacetylputrescine, L-ornithine, L-lysine, and histamine. Negligible cross-reactivity was detected with spermidine, putrescine, N8-monoacetylspermidine, cadaverine, and diaminopropane. Since perturbations in polyamine metabolism have been identified in several diseases, the study of extracellular polyamine homeostasis may reveal an important regulatory function for this protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartos, D -- Bartos, F -- Campbell, R A -- Grettie, D P -- Smejtek, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1178-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/*isolation & purification ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Homeostasis ; Immunoglobulin G/isolation & purification ; Kinetics ; Rabbits ; Spermine/*immunology/metabolism
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  • 18
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    Tritiated imipramine binding sites are decreased in platelets of untreated depressed patients (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The high-affinity binding of triatiated imipramine to platelet membranes was compared in samples from 16 untreated depressed women and 21 age-matched controls of the same sex. The maximal binding in the depressed group was significantly lower than that of the controls, although the affinity constants were similar. These results suggest that binding of tritiated imipramine in human platelets may represent a biochemical index of depression, possibly reflecting similar changes in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Briley, M S -- Langer, S Z -- Raisman, R -- Sechter, D -- Zarifian, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):303-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Blood Platelets/*analysis ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Depression/*blood ; Humans ; Imipramine/*blood ; Kinetics ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism
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  • 19
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    Excitatory and inhibitory effects of serotonin on sensorimotor reactivity measured with acoustic startle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Serotonin infused into the lateral ventricle in rats produced a dose-dependent depression of the acoustic startle reflex. When infused onto the spinal cord, serotonin produced a dose-dependent increase in startle. Thus the same neurotransmitter can modulate the same behavior in opposite ways, depending on which part of the central nervous system is involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, M -- Strachan, D I -- Kass, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):521-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Reflex, Acoustic/*drug effects ; Reflex, Startle/*drug effects ; Serotonin/*pharmacology
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  • 20
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    Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of intact Friend leukemia cells: phosphorylcholine increase during differentiation (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of intact Friend leukemia cells was used to analyze their erythroid-like differentiation. The technique, which requires only 10(3) to 10(9) cells and approximately 2 minutes for acquisition of each spectrum, demonstrated the occurrence of many signal changes during differentiation. With cell extracts, 64 signals were assigned to 12 amino acids and 19 other intermediary metabolites, and a dramatic signal change was attributed to a fourfold increase in cytoplasmic phosphorylcholines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Agris, P F -- Campbell, I D -- 1-F33-GM07826/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- 1-FOG-TW00440/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives ; Kinetics ; Leukemia, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mice ; Phosphorylcholine/*analysis
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  • 21
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    Molecular biology of the sea urchin embryo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Research on the early development of the sea urchin offers new insights into the process of embryogenesis. Maternal messenger RNA stored in the unfertilized egg supports most of the protein synthesis in the early embryo, but the structure of maternal transcripts suggests that additional functions are also possible. The overall developmental patterns of transcription and protein synthesis are known, and current measurements describe the expression of specific genes, including the histone genes, the ribosomal genes, and the actin genes. Possible mechanisms of developmental commitment are explored for regions of the early embryo that give rise to specified cell lineages, such as the micromere-mesenchyme cell lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, E H -- Hough-Evans, B R -- Britten, R J -- GM20927/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD05753/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR00986/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):17-26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blastocyst/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fertilization ; Gastrula/physiology ; Histones/genetics ; Kinetics ; Larva/physiology ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Sea Urchins/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 22
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    Multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco leaf disks is inhibited by (2'-5) oligoadenylate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: The oligonucleotide (2'-5') oligoadenylate that is induced in interferon-treated animal cells protects plant tissue from infection by the tobacco mosaic virus. This inhibition of virus multiplication was obtained at concentrations comparable to those affecting protein synthesis and antiviral activities in animal cells. After treatment with (2'-5') oligoadenylate, the multiplicability of tobacco mosaic virus was reduced by 80 to 90 percent as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These results, along with the observation that human interferon protects tobacco tissue from infection by tobacco mosaic virus, indicate that plants and animals may have a common pathway for virus resistance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Devash, Y -- Biggs, S -- Sela, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1415-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178155" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Interferons/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Oligonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Oligoribonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Plants, Toxic ; Tobacco/microbiology ; Tobacco Mosaic Virus/*drug effects ; Virus Replication/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Cystine transport is defective in isolated leukocyte lysosomes from patients with cystinosis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: The activity of a cystine transport system in lysosomes prepared from the leukocytes of patients with cystinosis was found to be deficient. In normal subjects, this system was resistant to N-ethylmaleimide and demonstrated saturation kinetics. Lysosomes from individuals heterozygous for cystinosis demonstrated a reduced maximum velocity for cystine egress from lysosomes. The rate of cystine escape from normal lysosomes was enhanced by adenosine triphosphate. The availability of normal and mutant lysosomes provides a means of investigating mechanisms of amino acid transport across lysosomal membranes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gahl, W A -- Bashan, N -- Tietze, F -- Bernardini, I -- Schulman, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport/drug effects ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Cystine/*metabolism ; Cystinosis/*metabolism ; Ethylmaleimide/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leukocytes/*metabolism ; Lysosomes/metabolism
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  • 24
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    Mammalian tyrosinase catalyzes three reactions in the biosynthesis of melanin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: The biosynthesis of melanin is initiated by the catalytic oxidation of tyrosine to dopa by tyrosinase in a reaction that requires dopa as a cofactor. Tyrosine then catalyzes the dehydrogenation of dopa to dopaquinone. The subsequent reactions can proceed spontaneously in vitro. Tyrosinase, purified from murine melanomas and the skins of brown mice, has now been shown to catalyze a third reaction in mammalian melanogenesis, namely the conversion of 5,6-dihydroxyindile to melanochrome. This reaction requires dopa as a cofactor and is inhibited by tyrosine. Conversely, 5,6-dihydroxyindole inhibits the oxidation of tyrosine to dopa, so that the relative concentrations of tyrosine and 5,6-dihydroxyindole within the mammalian pigment cell are capable of regulating melanogenesis in a previously unrecognized fashion. Tyrosinase has the unusual property of catalyzing three distinct reactions within a single biochemical pathway: the hydroxylation of a monophenol, the dehydrogenation of a catechol, and the dehydrogenation of a dihydroxyindole. The first and third of these reactions require dopa as a cofactor; in the second reaction, dopa is a substrate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korner, A -- Pawelek, J -- DA-01147/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-05186/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1163-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6810464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catechol Oxidase/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine/metabolism ; Indoles/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Melanins/*biosynthesis ; Melanoma/enzymology ; Monophenol Monooxygenase/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/enzymology ; Substrate Specificity ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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  • 25
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    Amplification and adaptation in regulatory and sensory systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- Goldbeter, A -- Stock, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):220-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acclimatization ; *Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Environment ; Kinetics ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Models, Neurological ; Sense Organs/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology
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  • 26
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    Differential breakdown of phylogenetically diverse ribosomal RNA's inserted via liposomes into mammalian cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Liposomes were used to deliver ribosomal RNA's from the different organisms into cultivated mouse plasmacytoma cells. Ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli was degraded intracellularly within 1 hour, whereas mouse and yeast ribosomal RNA's were degraded more slowly. This indicates that cells can discriminated between different ribosomal RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavelle, D -- Ostro, M J -- Giacomoni, D -- GM 27935/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Escherichia coli ; Kinetics ; *Liposomes ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Plasmacytoma/*metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Species Specificity
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  • 27
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    Pituitary receptor site blockade by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist in vivo: mechanism of action (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Administration of a potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist [Nac-L-Ala1,pCl-D-Phe2,D-Trp3,6]GnRH as a single subcutaneous injection to castrated adult male rats reduced, by more than 90 percent, both serum luteinizing hormone concentrations and specific pituitary GnRH receptor binding. This effect persisted for 24 hours. The dissociation rate of the antagonist from pituitary membrane homogenates was fourfold slower than the dissociation rate of a potent agonist. The prolonged in vivo inhibition of pituitary GnRH receptor binding and luteinizing hormone secretion by the GnRH antagonist may be mediated by the slower dissociation rate of the antagonist from its specific pituitary membrane receptor site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heber, D -- Dodson, R -- Swerdloff, R S -- Channabasavaiah, K -- Stewart, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):420-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Male ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, LHRH
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  • 28
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    Rat pro-opiomelanocortin contains sulfate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Intermediate lobes isolated from rat pituitary glands incorporated [35S]sulfate into pro-opiomelanocortin and other adrenocorticotropic hormone-containing peptides. Incubation of intermediate lobes in medium containing the arginine analog canavanine inhibited the cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin into smaller products. Pro-opiomelanocortin that accumulated in the presence of canavanine was also sulfated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoshina, H -- Hortin, G -- Boime, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):63-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*biosynthesis ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/*biosynthesis ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis ; Radioisotope Dilution Technique ; Rats ; Sulfur Radioisotopes ; Sulfuric Acids/*metabolism ; Tritium
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  • 29
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    Hydrolysis of nerve gas by squid-type diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate hydrolyzing enzyme on agarose resin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: An enzyme purified from squid nerve that hydrolyzes the cholinesterase inhibitor diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) has now been coupled to agarose beads. A column of this agarose-DFPase hydrolyzes the nerve gas 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (Soman). Although the more inhibitory of the four diastereoisomers of Soman are hydrolyzed least rapidly, a column of sufficient length will accomplish 95 percent hydrolysis whether measured by fluoride release or loss of cholinesterase-inhibiting power. The results suggest a means for detoxifying unwanted chemical warfare agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoskin, F C -- Roush, A H -- ES-02116/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1255-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Decapodiformes/*enzymology ; Enzymes, Immobilized ; Isoflurophate/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Organophosphorus Compounds/*metabolism ; Soman/*metabolism ; Stereoisomerism ; Substrate Specificity
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  • 30
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    Colloidal solution of water in organic solvents: a microheterogeneous medium for enzymatic reactions (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: To simulate in vitro the conditions under which enzymes act in vivo, enzyme molecules have been entrapped in hydrated reverse micelles of a surfactant in organic solvents. In this system the catalytic activity of one of the enzymes studied (peroxidase) became much higher than in water, and the specificity of the other enzyme (alcohol dehydrogenase) was dramatically altered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martinek, K -- Levashov, A V -- Khmelnitsky, Y L -- Klyachko, N L -- Berezin, I V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):889-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; *Catalysis ; Enzymes/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Micelles ; Peroxidases/metabolism ; Solvents ; *Water
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  • 31
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    Light-induced modification of Drosophila retinal polypeptides in vivo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: The effect of light on the polypeptide map profile of the Drosophila eye preparation was examined by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results show (i) that illuminating the living fly reversibly changes the isoelectric points of three classes of polypeptides specific for the photoreceptor layer and (ii) that the norpA mutation, which prevents the generation of the receptor potential, blocks the modifications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsumoto, H -- O'Tousa, J E -- Pak, W L -- EY 00033/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 07008/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):839-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Eye Proteins/*metabolism ; Isoelectric Point ; Kinetics ; *Light ; Mutation ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism ; Retina/*metabolism
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  • 32
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    High-affinity choline transport in proteoliposomes derived from rat cortical synaptosomes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Functional high- and low-affinity choline transport processes from rat cortical plasma membranes were reconstituted in phosphatidylcholine bilayer liposomes. The high-affinity choline transporter demonstrated a pharmacological profile and ion dependency that were identical to those of intact synaptosomes. This preparation may be used to further characterize choline transport and, with appropriate supplementation, to investigate the release of acetylcholine in the absence of synaptic vesicles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, E M -- Cooper, J R -- NS 09836/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):843-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Choline/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; Liposomes/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylcholines/metabolism ; Rats ; Sodium/metabolism ; Synaptosomes/*metabolism
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    Cysteamine: a potent and specific depletor of pituitary prolactin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Cysteamine rapidly reduces the concentration of prolactin in pituitary tissue in vivo and in vitro. The effect is dose-dependent, reversible, and cannot be accounted for by prolactin release. Cysteamine does not appear to exert its effect through dopamine receptors and does not alter lactotrope morphology, as determined by electron microscopy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millard, W J -- Sagar, S M -- Landis, D M -- Martin, J B -- AM 26252/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):452-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cysteamine/*pharmacology ; Domperidone/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Prolactin/analysis/*metabolism/secretion ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/physiology ; Spiperone/pharmacology
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    Bilirubin-induced modulation of cerebral protein phosphorylation in neonate rabbits in vivo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Protein phosphorylation in cerebral cell-free preparations from neonate rabbits was inhibited by bilirubin and promoted by aminophylline when these substances had been administered intravenously. In animals given both compounds, the bilirubin-induced inhibition of phosphorylation was partly reversed by aminophylline. Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate added in vitro during the assays also increased protein phosphorylation. These data introduce new concepts in the pathogenesis of kernicterus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morphis, L -- Constantopoulos, A -- Matsaniotis, N -- Papaphilis, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):156-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminophylline/pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bilirubin/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rabbits
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    Insulin stimulation of nucleoside triphosphatase activity in isolated nuclear envelopes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The activity of nucleoside triphosphatase, an enzyme that regulates nuclear messenger RNA transport, was measured in highly purified nuclear envelopes isolated from rat liver. Addition of picomolar concentrations of insulin to freshly prepared nuclear envelopes directly increased the enzyme activity. The major effect of insulin on this enzyme was to increase the maximum velocity of its activity; no significant effects were seen on the affinity constant. These studies raise the possibility, therefore, that the nuclear envelope is a site where insulin regulates nuclear functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purrello, F -- Vigneri, R -- Clawson, G A -- Goldfine, I D -- AM 26667/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1005-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell-Free System ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Liver/enzymology ; Nuclear Envelope/*enzymology ; Nucleoside-Triphosphatase ; Nucleotides/metabolism ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats
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  • 36
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    Antidepressants alter cerebrovascular permeability and metabolic rate in primates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: External detection of the annihilation radiation produced by water labeled with oxygen-15 was used to measure cerebrovascular permeability and cerebral blood flow in six rhesus monkeys. Use of oxygen-15 also permitted assessment of cerebral metabolic rate in two of the monkeys. Amitriptyline produced a dose-dependent, reversible increase in permeability at plasma drug concentrations which are therapeutic for depressed patients. At the same concentrations the drug also produced a 20 to 30 percent reduction in cerebral metabolic rate. At higher doses normal autoregulation of cerebral blood flow was suspended, but responsivity to arterial carbon dioxide was normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Preskorn, S H -- Raichle, M E -- Hartman, B K -- HL-13851/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NS-06833/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-17252/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):250-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amitriptyline/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Blood-Brain Barrier/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Capillaries/physiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Permeability ; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects
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    Phosphorylation of myosin light chains in mouse fast-twitch muscle associated with reduced actomyosin turnover rate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Phosphorylation of the 18,000-dalton light chains of the fast-twitch myosin in mouse extensor digitorum longus muscles was correlated with reduction in the rate of the actomyosin adenosinetriphosphatase in vivo, but neither of these changes occurred in the soleus muscle. These results suggest that actomyosin interactions can be down-regulated by a reversible covalent modification of myosin light chains, that a mechanism for thick-filament regulation occurs in vertebrate skeletal muscle, and that the expression of this regulation may be limited to a specific fiber type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crow, M T -- Kushmerick, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):835-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actomyosin/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth/metabolism ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Myosin-Light-Chain Phosphatase ; Myosins/*metabolism ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation
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    H-2 histocompatibility region: influence on the murine glucocorticoid receptor and its response (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The influence of the H-2 histocompatibility complex on glucocorticoid receptor levels, and the biochemical response of glucocorticoid action measured as the degree of inhibition of prostaglandin production, has been studied in the mouse thymus and lung. The B10A (H-2a) strain of mice has significantly higher glucocorticoid receptor levels and a significantly greater biochemical response to glucocorticoid than the B10 (H-2b) strain, which differs from B10A within the H-2 complex only. Thus, the anti-inflammatory hormone response of glucocorticoids is correlated to hormone receptor level, both of which are influenced by the H-2 locus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, C -- Goldman, A -- DE-0541/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE-4622/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE-5592/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):994-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dexamethasone/metabolism/pharmacology ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; Kinetics ; Lung/metabolism ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Prostaglandins/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*genetics ; Receptors, Steroid/*genetics ; Thymus Gland/metabolism
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    In vivo activation of zoxazolamine metabolism by flavone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: The metabolism of zoxazolamine to 6-hydroxyzoxazolamine by liver microsomes from neonatal rats is stimulated severalfold by the in vitro addition of flavone, a naturally occurring compound found in several plant species. The intraperitoneal injection of flavone into neonatal rats causes an immediate several-fold stimulation in the rate of total body metabolism of simultaneously administered zoxazolamine. This is the first demonstration of stimulation of oxidative drug metabolism in vivo by a zenobiotic that is an activator of hepatic microsomal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lasker, J M -- Huang M-T -- Conney, A H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1419-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Interactions ; Flavonoids/*pharmacology ; Hydroxylation ; Kinetics ; Microsomes, Liver/*metabolism ; Rats ; Zoxazolamine/*metabolism
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  • 40
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    Virus-induced corticosterone in hypophysectomized mice: a possible lymphoid adrenal axis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Infection of hypophysectomized mice with Newcastle disease virus caused a time-dependent increase in corticosterone and interferon production. Prior treatment with dexamethasone completely inhibited the virus-induced elevation in corticosterone concentration, but did not significantly alter the interferon response. Lymphocytes appear to be the most likely source of an adrenocorticotropin-like substance that is responsible for the increased corticosterone, since spleen cells from the virus-infected, but not from control or dexamethasone-treated, hypophysectomized mice showed positive immunofluorescence with antibody to adrenocorticotropin-(1-13 amide). Thus the adrenocorticotropin-like material and interferon appear to be coordinately induced the differentially controlled products of different genes. These findings strongly suggest the existence of a lymphoid-adrenal axis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, E M -- Meyer, W J -- Blalock, J E -- AM30046/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL20201/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/*physiology ; Animals ; Corticosterone/*biosynthesis ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; *Hypophysectomy ; Interferons/biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Lymph Nodes/*physiology ; Mice ; Newcastle Disease/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Experimental hepatic encephalopathy: changes in the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Two populations of receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid, one with low- and the other with high-affinity characteristics, are detectable in frozen, thawed, Triton-treated synaptic membrane preparations from normal brain. It is now reported that membrane preparations from rats with mild galactosamine-induced hepatic encephalopathy show an increase in the number of low- and high-affinity gamma-aminobutyric acid binding sites, whereas those from rats with severe encephalopathy show only high-affinity binding sites. Thus, hepatic encephalopathy appears to involve partial degeneration of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing presynaptic nerve terminals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baraldi, M -- Zeneroli, Z L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):427-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bicuculline/metabolism ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Galactosamine ; Hepatic Encephalopathy/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism ; Time Factors ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    DNA strand breakage in human leukocytes exposed to a tumor promoter, phorbol myristate acetate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Birnboim, H C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1247-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6276978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cocarcinogenesis ; *Dna ; Free Radicals ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leukocytes/*drug effects ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/*pharmacology
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    Endotoxin-stimulated opioid peptide secretion: two secretory pools and feedback control in vivo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Small doses of endotoxin evoked a dramatic biphasic response of opioid peptide secretion into blood in sheep. The first phase began within minutes and coincided with a brief hypertensive response to endotoxin well before the appearance of fever or hypotension. The ratio of beta-endorphin to beta-lipotropin fell abruptly at the onset of the second phase of release, suggesting early depletion of a pool rich in beta-endorphin and subsequent emergence of a pool rich in unprocessed precursor. The concentration of cerebrospinal fluid opioids increased tenfold during the second phase. Naloxone administration augmented endotoxin-induced opioid secretion in both early and late phases, suggesting a short-loop feedback regulation of stress-induced endorphin secretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carr, D B -- Bergland, R -- Hamilton, A -- Blume, H -- Kasting, N -- Arnold, M -- Martin, J B -- Rosenblatt, M -- AM 07028-06/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 26252/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):845-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Endorphins/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/*secretion ; Endotoxins/*pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; Feedback ; Kinetics ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments/blood/cerebrospinal fluid ; Sheep ; beta-Endorphin
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    Reproducing results (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kark, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ethics ; Friedreich Ataxia/enzymology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex/metabolism ; United States
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  • 45
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    Numbers of receptor sites from Scatchard graphs: facts and fantasies (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: Data for ligand and receptor binding presented in the format of a Scatchard graph are compared with the same data shown as bound ligand plotted against the logarithm of free ligand. From this comparison it is apparent that extrapolations in the Scatchard graph to yield total number of receptor sites are generally not correct.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klotz, I M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1247-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Ligands/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Statistics as Topic/*methods
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  • 46
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    Corticotropin-releasing factor stimulates accumulation of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate in rat pituitary corticotrophs (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The presence of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor leads to a rapid and marked stimulation of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate accumulation in an enriched population of rat pituitary corticotrophs in primary culture. The increase, observed as early as 60 seconds after the addition of corticotropin-releasing factor, suggests that changes in the intracellular concentration of the cyclic nucleotide coincide with or precede the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone in response to corticotropin-releasing factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Labrie, F -- Veilleux, R -- Lefevre, G -- Coy, D H -- Sueiras-Diaz, J -- Schally, A V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1007-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*secretion ; Animals ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/*metabolism ; Female ; Kinetics ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Rats
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  • 47
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    Are ions involved in the gating of calcium channels? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: The rates of activation and deactivation of the currents carried by calcium, strontium, or barium ions through the voltage-sensitive calcium channel of Paramecium are different. The differences cannot be attributed to complications due to internal ion concentration, calcium channel inactivation, potassium current activation, surface charge effects, or incomplete space clamping. The findings indicate participation of the divalent cations in the voltage-driven calcium channel gating process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saimi, Y -- Kung, C -- GM22714/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):153-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289432" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Barium/metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/physiopathology ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Paramecium/*physiology ; Strontium/metabolism
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  • 48
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    beta, gamma-Peroxy analogs of adenosine and guanosine triphosphate: synthesis and biological activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: Extended analogs of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP), in which a peroxide bridge replaces the terminal bridge-oxygen of the triphosphate chain, have been synthesized. The ability of beta, gamma-peroxy-ATP to inhibit or substitute for ATP in representative enzyme systems and that of beta, gamma-peroxy-GTP, for FTP in protein synthesis was tested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosendahl, M S -- Leonard, N J -- GM-05829/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):81-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/*analogs & derivatives/chemical synthesis/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/*analogs & derivatives/chemical synthesis/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Peroxides ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Tritiated imipramine binding sites are decreased in the frontal cortex of suicides (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Binding characteristics of tritiated imipramine were determined in the frontal cortex of suicides and well-matched controls. Maximal binding was significantly lower in brains from the suicides. This finding is consistent with reports of decreased tritiated imipramine binding in the platelets of patients diagnosed as having a major affective disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stanley, M -- Virgilio, J -- Gershon, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1337-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079769" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Carrier Proteins ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Humans ; Imipramine/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Reference Values ; *Suicide ; Tritium
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    Biotin enhances guanylate cyclase activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Biotin and its analog, (+)-biotin-p-nitrophenyl ester enhanced guanylate cyclase activity two- to threefold in rat liver, kidney, colon, cerebellum, and heart. Dose-response relationships revealed that at concentrations as low as 1 micromolar, both biotin and its analog caused maximal augmentation of guanylate cyclase activity. These data suggest a role for the activation of guanylate cyclase in the mechanism of action of this vitamin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vesely, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1329-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6123152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotin/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology ; Cerebellum/enzymology ; Colon/enzymology ; Guanylate Cyclase/*metabolism ; Kidney/enzymology ; Kinetics ; Liver/enzymology ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Insulin receptors in hepatocytes: postreceptor events mediate down regulation (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: Down regulation of the insulin receptor of primary cultures of rat hepatocytes occurs in the presence of insulin and several agents with insulin-like activity, which act through or distal to the insulin receptor. These findings indicate that the interaction of insulin with its specific binding site is not in itself sufficient to down-regulate this receptor and that one or more steps subsequent to this interaction are necessary. Thus, down regulation may be a complex biological response to insulin, and if a cell were resistant to this effect of insulin, our data may explain how target cells from a patient or animal can have a normal number of receptors in the presence of increased concentrations of circulating insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Caro, J F -- Amatruda, J M -- AM 00366/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 20948/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1029-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Insulin/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Male ; Peroxides/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptor, Insulin/drug effects/immunology/*metabolism ; Spermine/pharmacology ; Vitamin K/pharmacology
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    1 alpha, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 nuclear receptors in pituitary (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: Specific binding of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) was found in nuclear and cytosol fractions of the bovine pituitary. For nuclear binding. the dissociation constant was 0.1 namomole per liter, and maximum binding was 104 femtomoles per milligram of protein. In competition studies, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) was 300 times weaker than 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). The existence of high-affinity sites supports a physiologic role for 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in the pituitary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gelbard, H A -- Stern, P H -- U'Prichard, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1247-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cholecalciferol/*metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Dihydroxycholecalciferols/*metabolism ; Hydroxycholecalciferols/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism
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    Time: a new parameter for kinetic measurements in flow cytometry (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: The measure of time was used as an additional parameter on an existing flow cytometer to study the kinetics of enzyme activities and cell-stain interactions. By correlating all fluorescent signals from single cells with time, the dynamics of a reaction can be followed for several minutes. This advanced application of flow cytometry is easily implemented and can be incorporated into any flow cytometer that has two-parameter analysis capability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, J C -- Swartzendruber, D E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):199-201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6153131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured/enzymology ; Computers ; Cricetinae ; *Cytological Techniques ; DNA/metabolism ; Esterases/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods ; Staining and Labeling
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  • 54
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    Effective pulmonary ventilation with small-volume oscillations at high frequency (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: At high oscillation frequencies (4 to 30 hertz), effective alveolar ventilation can be achieved with tidal volumes much smaller than the anatomic dead space. An explanation of this phenomenon is given in terms of the combined effects of diffusion and convection and in terms of data consistent with the hypothesis. Theory and experimental results both show that the significant variable determining the effectiveness of gas exchange is the amplitude of the oscillatory flow rate independent of the individual values of frequency and stroke volume.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slutsky, A S -- Drazen, F M -- Ingram, R H Jr -- Kamm, R D -- Shapiro, A H -- Fredberg, J J -- Loring, S H -- Lehr, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):609-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6771872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Dogs ; Kinetics ; Mathematics ; Oscillometry ; Pulmonary Alveoli/*physiology ; *Respiration
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  • 55
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    Endocytotic sucrose uptake in Amoeba proteus induced with the calcium ionophore A23187 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: The calcium ionophore A23187 brings about an influx of calcium and uptake of sucrose by endocytosis in Amoeba proteus. The amount of endocytotic sucrose uptake elicited by the ionophore depends upon the external calcium ion concentration. Calcium ion movements may serve to couple the surface phase of endocytosis with cytoplasmic uptake of the endocytotic inducer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prusch, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):691-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6771873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amoeba/drug effects/*metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Endocytosis/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Sucrose/*metabolism
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    Niemann-Pick disease: a genetic model in Siamese cats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Three Siamese cats were found to have a progressive neurological disease that became obvious when they were 4 to 5 months of age. Their brains contained an excess of GM2 and GM3 gangliosides, and their livers a nine- to tenfold excess of sphingomyelin and cholesterol. A total deficiency of lysosomal (pH 5.0) sphingomyelinase was found in the leukocytes, liver, and brain of the cats, although the activity of the microsomal (pH 7.4, magnesium-dependent) sphingomyelinase was normal in brain. These cats appear to have a genetic disease identical to Niemann-Pick disease type A.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wenger, D A -- Sattler, M -- Kudoh, T -- Snyder, S P -- Kingston, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1471-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189903" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Brain Chemistry ; Cat Diseases/enzymology/*genetics ; Cats ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Gangliosides/analysis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Liver/analysis ; Niemann-Pick Diseases/enzymology/*genetics ; Phospholipids/analysis ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/analysis
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  • 57
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    Sodium-calcium exchange in rabbit heart muscle cells: direct measurement of sarcoplasmic Ca2+ activity (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: Calcium ion-selective microelectrodes made with Simon's neutral carrier were used to measure simultaneously sarcoplasmic Ca2+ activity (aiCa) and resting tension (Tr) of rabbit ventricular muscle during reduction and restoration of external sodium ion concentration, [Na]0. Under the same experimental conditions the change in contractile tension (Ta) also measured. In resting muscle the aiCa was 38 +/- 17 nanomolar (mean +/- standard deviation; N = 10). The reduction of [Na]O from 153 to 20 millimolar led to about a threefold increase in aiCa with parallel increases in Tr and Ta. The time course of the change in aiCa was similar to that of the changes in Tr and Ta. The results are consistent with an important role of the sodium-calcium exchange system for regulating sarcoplasmic Ca2+ activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, C O -- Uhm, D Y -- Dresdner, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):699-701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Heart Ventricles/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Microelectrodes ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Rabbits ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects/*metabolism ; Sodium/*metabolism/pharmacology
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    Neuronal control of acetylcholine receptor turnover rate at a vertebrate neuromuscular junction (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: The turnover rate of acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions in mice increases progressively after denervation and, after 15 days, reaches a half-time of 30 z 5 hours. Denervation thus causes the clustered junctional acetylcholine receptors to assume the rapid turnover characteristic of extrajunctional receptors before innervation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levitt, T A -- Loring, R H -- Salpeter, M M -- NS 09315-10/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):550-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bungarotoxins/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Muscle Denervation ; Neuromuscular Junction/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
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    Lactate dehydrogenases of Atlantic hagfish: physiological and evolutionary implications of a primitive heart isozyme (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Isozymes of lactate dehydrogenase from heart and muscle of Atlantic hagfish show less functional divergence than those from other fishes and higher vertebrates. The enzyme from hagfish heart (B4) displays a higher Michaelis constant for pyruvate and lower substrate inhibition at moderate pyruvate concentrations than heart isozymes from other species. These properties support the hypothesis that the ancestral vertebrate lactate dehydrogenase was a muscle (A4)-type enzyme and also suggest a role for the B4 enzyme in the unusual physiology of hagfish cardiac tissue which functions under sustained hypoxic conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidell, B D -- Beland, K F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):769-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Energy Metabolism ; Fishes/genetics/*physiology ; Genes ; Isoenzymes ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*genetics/metabolism ; Muscles/*enzymology ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Pyruvates/metabolism
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    Sodium-calcium exchange activity generates a current in cardiac membrane vesicles (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Sarcolemmal membrane vesicles isolated from canine ventricular tissue accumulate calcium through the sodium-calcium exchange system when an outwardly directed sodium gradient is generated across the vesicle membrane. Moreover, calcium uptake under these conditions is accompanied by the transient accumulation of the lipophilic cation tetraphenylphosphonium. Since the distribution of tetraphenylphosphonium across biological membranes reflects the magnitude and direction of transmembrane potential differences and the characteristics of the transient accumulation of this cation closely resemble those of sodium-calcium exchange activity, it is concluded that a membrane potential, interior negative, is produced during calcium accumulation through the exchange system. Thus, the operation of the sodium-calcium exchange system generates a current in cardiac membrane vesicles, suggesting that three or more sodium ions exchange for each calcium ion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reeves, J P -- Sutko, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1461-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384788" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport, Active/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/*metabolism ; Heart/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Onium Compounds/metabolism ; *Organophosphorus Compounds ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Valinomycin/pharmacology
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    N-Formylmethionyl peptide receptors on equine leukocytes initiate secretion but not chemotaxis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: The chemotaxis of leukocytes appears to be initiated by the binding of chemotactic factors to the surface of these cells. N-Formylated peptides induce chemotaxis and lysosomal enzyme secretion of leukocytes; because these peptides are available in a purified radiolabeled form, they have been useful in the characterization of receptors for chemotactic factors. Equine polymorphonuclear leukocytes secrete lysosomal enzymes but do not exhibit chemotaxis in respone to the N-formylated peptides, even though they have a high-affinity cell surface receptor for these agents. The specificity of the equine receptor resembles the specificity of the receptor on chemotactically responsive leukocytes from other species. Equine polymorphonuclear leukocytes may thus be an excellent model for the study of the events that lead to a biological response following receptor occupancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snyderman, R -- Pike, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):493-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6248959" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chemotaxis ; Horses ; Kinetics ; Leukocytes/*physiology/secretion ; Oligopeptides/blood/*physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; Receptors, Formyl Peptide ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Antiallergic drug cromolyn may inhibit histamine secretion by regulating phosphorylation of a mast cell protein (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Cromolyn inhibited histamine release from mast cells that was induced by a classic secretagogue and correspondingly increased incorporation of radioactive phosphate into a 78,000-dalton protein. These effects on histamine secretion and on protein phosphorylation were rapid in onset and both showed tachyphylaxis. Cromolyn may therefore act by altering the phosphorylation of a protein involved in the regulation of secretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Theoharides, T C -- Sieghart, W -- Greengard, P -- Douglas, W W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):80-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6153130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Cromolyn Sodium/*pharmacology ; Histamine Release/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Mast Cells/*drug effects/immunology/metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine/antagonists & inhibitors
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    Energy requirement for nitrogen fixation in actinorhizal and legume root nodules (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The ratio of respiration to nitrogenase activity was measured in five species of actinorhizal root nodules and eight species of legume nodules. The two types of nodules could not be distinguished on the basis of this ratio; this evidence thus indicates that the energy cost of nitrogen fixation is similar for both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tjepkema, J D -- Winship, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384801" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actinomycetales/metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Nitrogen Fixation ; Plants/*metabolism ; Rhizobium/metabolism ; Species Specificity
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    Cholecystokinin receptors in the brain: characterization and distribution (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Specific cholecystokinin binding sites in particulate fractions of rat brain were measured with iodine 125-labeled Bolton-Hunter cholecystokinin, a cholecystokinin analog that has full biological activity. Binding was detected in brain regions known to contain immunoreactive cholecystokinin. Binding was saturable, reversible, of high affinity (dissociation constant, 1.7 x 10(-9) M), and was inhibited by cholecystokinin analogs but not by unrelated hormones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saito, A -- Sankaran, H -- Goldfine, I D -- Williams, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1155-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6246582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Cholecystokinin/*metabolism ; Gastrins/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Male ; Olfactory Bulb/metabolism ; Pancreas/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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