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  • American Physical Society (APS)  (6)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (5)
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 1
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    Critical population density triggers rapid formation of vast oceanic fish shoals (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-28
    Description: Similarities in the behavior of diverse animal species that form large groups have motivated attempts to establish general principles governing animal group behavior. It has been difficult, however, to make quantitative measurements of the temporal and spatial behavior of extensive animal groups in the wild, such as bird flocks, fish shoals, and locust swarms. By quantifying the formation processes of vast oceanic fish shoals during spawning, we show that (i) a rapid transition from disordered to highly synchronized behavior occurs as population density reaches a critical value; (ii) organized group migration occurs after this transition; and (iii) small sets of leaders significantly influence the actions of much larger groups. Each of these findings confirms general theoretical predictions believed to apply in nature irrespective of animal species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makris, Nicholas C -- Ratilal, Purnima -- Jagannathan, Srinivasan -- Gong, Zheng -- Andrews, Mark -- Bertsatos, Ioannis -- Godo, Olav Rune -- Nero, Redwood W -- Jech, J Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 27;323(5922):1734-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1169441.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. makris@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325116" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration ; Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; *Behavior, Animal ; Ecosystem ; Fishes/*physiology ; Population Density ; Reproduction ; Spatial Behavior ; *Swimming ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Two pairs of neurons in the central brain control Drosophila innate light preference (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-23
    Description: Appropriate preferences for light or dark conditions can be crucial for an animal's survival. Innate light preferences are not static in some animals, including the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which prefers darkness in the feeding larval stage but prefers light in adulthood. To elucidate the neural circuit underlying light preference, we examined the neurons involved in larval phototactic behavior by regulating neuronal functions. Modulating activity of two pairs of isomorphic neurons in the central brain switched the larval light preference between photophobic and photophilic. These neurons were found to be immediately downstream of pdf-expressing lateral neurons, which are innervated by larval photoreceptors. Our results revealed a neural mechanism that could enable the adjustment of animals' response strategies to environmental stimuli according to biological needs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gong, Zhefeng -- Liu, Jiangqu -- Guo, Chao -- Zhou, Yanqiong -- Teng, Yan -- Liu, Li -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 22;330(6003):499-502. doi: 10.1126/science.1195993.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China. zfgong@moon.ibp.ac.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20966250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*radiation effects ; Brain/cytology/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/cytology/growth & development/*radiation effects ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Larva/physiology/radiation effects ; *Light ; Neural Pathways ; Neurons/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A histone acetyltransferase regulates active DNA demethylation in Arabidopsis (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-16
    Description: Active DNA demethylation is an important part of epigenetic regulation in plants and animals. How active DNA demethylation is regulated and its relationship with histone modification patterns are unclear. Here, we report the discovery of IDM1, a regulator of DNA demethylation in Arabidopsis. IDM1 is required for preventing DNA hypermethylation of highly homologous multicopy genes and other repetitive sequences that are normally targeted for active DNA demethylation by Repressor of Silencing 1 and related 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylases. IDM1 binds methylated DNA at chromatin sites lacking histone H3K4 di- or trimethylation and acetylates H3 to create a chromatin environment permissible for 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylases to function. Our study reveals how some genes are indicated by multiple epigenetic marks for active DNA demethylation and protection from silencing.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3575687/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3575687/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qian, Weiqiang -- Miki, Daisuke -- Zhang, Heng -- Liu, Yunhua -- Zhang, Xi -- Tang, Kai -- Kan, Yunchao -- La, Honggui -- Li, Xiaojie -- Li, Shaofang -- Zhu, Xiaohong -- Shi, Xiaobing -- Zhang, Kangling -- Pontes, Olga -- Chen, Xuemei -- Liu, Renyi -- Gong, Zhizhong -- Zhu, Jian-Kang -- R01 GM059138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM059138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM070795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 15;336(6087):1445-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1219416.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22700931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Arabidopsis/*genetics/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA Glycosylases/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA, Plant/*metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Plant ; Histone Acetyltransferases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    μSR study of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor PbTaSe_{2} (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Description: Author(s): M. N. Wilson, A. M. Hallas, Y. Cai, S. Guo, Z. Gong, R. Sankar, F. C. Chou, Y. J. Uemura, and G. M. Luke We present muon spin rotation and relaxation ( μ SR ) measurements on the noncentrosymmetric superconductor PbTaSe 2 . From measurements in an applied transverse field between H c 1 and H c 2 , we extract the superfluid density as a function of temperature in the vortex state. These data can be fit with a ful… [Phys. Rev. B 95, 224506] Published Thu Jun 08, 2017
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Neutron diffraction and $μ\mathrm{SR}$ studies of two polymorphs of nickel niobate ${\mathrm{NiNb}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-14
    Description: Author(s): T. J. S. Munsie, M. N. Wilson, A. Millington, C. M. Thompson, R. Flacau, C. Ding, S. Guo, Z. Gong, A. A. Aczel, H. B. Cao, T. J. Williams, H. A. Dabkowska, F. Ning, J. E. Greedan, and G. M. Luke Neutron diffraction and muon spin relaxation ( μ SR ) studies are presented for the newly characterized polymorph of NiNb 2 O 6   ( β − NiNb 2 O 6 ) with space group P 4 2 / n and μ SR data only for the previously known columbite structure polymorph with space group P b c n . The magnetic structure of the P 4 2 / n form was de... [Phys. Rev. B 96, 144417] Published Fri Oct 13, 2017
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    Enhanced Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration by Superponderomotive Electrons Generated from Near-Critical-Density Plasma (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-16
    Description: Author(s): J. H. Bin, M. Yeung, Z. Gong, H. Y. Wang, C. Kreuzer, M. L. Zhou, M. J. V. Streeter, P. S. Foster, S. Cousens, B. Dromey, J. Meyer-ter-Vehn, M. Zepf, and J. Schreiber We report on the experimental studies of laser driven ion acceleration from a double-layer target where a near-critical density target with a few-micron thickness is coated in front of a nanometer-thin diamondlike carbon foil. A significant enhancement of proton maximum energies from 12 to ∼ 30     MeV ... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 074801] Published Thu Feb 15, 2018
    Keywords: Plasma and Beam Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    High-efficiency γ-ray flash generation via multiple-laser scattering in ponderomotive potential well (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-21
    Description: Author(s): Z. Gong, R. H. Hu, Y. R. Shou, B. Qiao, C. E. Chen, X. T. He, S. S. Bulanov, T. Zh. Esirkepov, S. V. Bulanov, and X. Q. Yan γ -ray flash generation in near-critical-density target irradiated by four symmetrical colliding laser pulses is numerically investigated. With peak intensities about 10 23 W / cm 2 , the laser pulses boost electron energy through direct laser acceleration, while pushing them inward with the ponderomotive… [Phys. Rev. E 95, 013210] Published Fri Jan 20, 2017
    Keywords: Plasma Physics
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
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    Electronic localization of quantum-well states in Ag/Au(111) metallic heterostructures (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-04
    Description: Author(s): F. Forster, E. Gergert, A. Nuber, H. Bentmann, Li Huang, X. G. Gong, Z. Zhang, and F. Reinert We report on a detailed analysis of the evolution and spatial localization of quantum-well states (QWSs) in Ag layers on a Au(111) substrate by means of high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy combined with model calculations based on a simple particle-in-a-box picture, the phase accumulation mod... [Phys. Rev. B 84, 075412] Published Wed Aug 03, 2011
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
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    Enhanced pair creation by an oscillating potential with multiple well-barrier structures in space (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-17
    Description: Author(s): C. Gong, Z. L. Li, and Y. J. Li Electron-positron pair creation from a vacuum in an oscillating potential with multiple well-barrier structures is investigated by the computational quantum field theory. For the potential with a well-barrier structure, it is found that when the distance between the well and barrier is large, the pa... [Phys. Rev. A 98, 043424] Published Tue Oct 16, 2018
    Keywords: Atomic and molecular processes in external fields, including interactions with strong fields and short pulses
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Observation of prethermalization in long-range interacting spin chains (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-26
    Description: Although statistical mechanics describes thermal equilibrium states, these states may or may not emerge dynamically for a subsystem of an isolated quantum many-body system. For instance, quantum systems that are near-integrable usually fail to thermalize in an experimentally realistic time scale, and instead relax to quasi-stationary prethermal states that can be described by statistical mechanics, when approximately conserved quantities are included in a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE). We experimentally study the relaxation dynamics of a chain of up to 22 spins evolving under a long-range transverse-field Ising Hamiltonian following a sudden quench. For sufficiently long-range interactions, the system relaxes to a new type of prethermal state that retains a strong memory of the initial conditions. However, the prethermal state in this case cannot be described by a standard GGE; it rather arises from an emergent double-well potential felt by the spin excitations. This result shows that prethermalization occurs in a broader context than previously thought, and reveals new challenges for a generic understanding of the thermalization of quantum systems, particularly in the presence of long-range interactions.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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