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  • Artikel  (16)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (11)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (5)
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  • Artikel  (16)
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  • 1
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    Progress toward steady-state tokamak operation exploiting the high bootstrap current fraction regime (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-21
    Beschreibung: Recent DIII-D experiments have increased the normalized fusion performance of the high bootstrap current fraction tokamak regime toward reactor-relevant steady state operation. The experiments, conducted by a joint team of researchers from the DIII-D and EAST tokamaks, developed a fully noninductive scenario that could be extended on EAST to a demonstration of long pulse steady-state tokamak operation. Improved understanding of scenario stability has led to the achievement of very high values of β p and β N , despite strong internal transport barriers. Good confinement has been achieved with reduced toroidal rotation. These high β p plasmas challenge the energy transport understanding, especially in the electron energy channel. A new turbulent transport model, named TGLF-SAT1, has been developed which improves the transport prediction. Experiments extending results to long pulse on EAST, based on the physics basis developed at DIII-D, have been conducted. More investigations will be carried out on EAST with more additional auxiliary power to come online in the near term.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-7674
    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Effects of heating power on divertor in-out asymmetry and scrape-off layer flow in reversed field on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-13
    Beschreibung: The dependence of divertor asymmetry and scrape-off layer (SOL) flow on heating power has been investigated in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Divertor plasma exhibits an outboard-enhanced in-out asymmetry in heat flux in lower single null configuration for in reversed (ion ∇ B drift direction toward the upper X-point) field directions. Upper single null exhibits an inboard-favored asymmetry in low heating power condition, while exhibits an outboard-favored asymmetry when increasing the heating power. Double null has the strongest in-out asymmetry in heat flux, favoring the outer divertor. The in-out asymmetry ratios of q t , out / q t , in and P out / P total increase with the power across the separatrix P loss , which is probably induced by the enhanced radial particle transport due to a large pressure gradient. The characteristics of the measured SOL parallel flow under various discharge conditions are consistent with the Pfirsch-Schlüter (PS) flow with the parallel Mach number M ∥ decreasing with the line averaged density but increasing with P loss , in the same direction as the PS flow. The contributions of both poloidal E × B drift and parallel flow on poloidal particle transport in SOL on EAST are also assessed.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-7674
    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Edge-coherent-mode nature of the small edge localized modes in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-24
    Beschreibung: High-confinement regime with high-frequency and low-energy-loss small edge localized modes (ELMs) was achieved in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak by using the lower hybrid current drive and ion cyclotron resonance heating with lithium wall conditioning. The small ELMs are usually accompanied with a quasi-coherent mode at frequency around 30 kHz, as detected by the Langmuir probes near the separatrix. The coherent mode, with weak magnetic perturbations different from the precursor of conventional ELMs, propagates in the electron diamagnetic drift direction in the lab frame with the poloidal wavelength λ θ  ∼ 14 cm, corresponding to both high poloidal and toroidal mode numbers (m 〉 60 and n 〉 12). This coherent mode, carrying high-temperature high-density filament-like plasma, drives considerable transport from the pedestal region into the scrape-off layer towards divertor region. The co-existence of small ELMs and quasi-coherent modes is beneficial for the sustainment of long pulse H-mode regime without significant confinement degradation.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-7674
    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Lower hybrid current drive and ion cyclotron range of frequencies heating experiments in H-mode plasmas in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokomak (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-19
    Beschreibung: An ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) system with power up to 6.0 MW and a lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system up to 4 MW have been applied for heating and current drive experiments in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokomak (EAST). Significant progress has been made with ICRF heating and LHCD for realizing the H-mode plasma operation in EAST. During 2010 and 2012 experimental campaigns, ICRF heating experiments were carried out at the fixed frequency of 27MHz, achieving effective ions and electrons heating with the H minority heating (H-MH) mode. The H-MH mode produced good plasma performance, and realized H-mode using ICRF power alone in 2012. In 2010, H-modes were generated and sustained by LHCD alone, where lithium coating and gas puffing near the mouth of the LH launcher were applied to improve the LHCD power coupling and penetration into the core plasmas of H-modes. In 2012, the combination of LHCD and ICRH power extended the H-mode duration up to over 30 s. H-modes with various types of edge localized modes (ELMs) have been achieved with H IPB98 (y, 2) ranging from 0.7 to over unity. A brief overview of LHCD and ICRF Heating experiment and their application in achieving H-mode operation during these two campaigns will be presented.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-7674
    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Critical population density triggers rapid formation of vast oceanic fish shoals (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-28
    Beschreibung: Similarities in the behavior of diverse animal species that form large groups have motivated attempts to establish general principles governing animal group behavior. It has been difficult, however, to make quantitative measurements of the temporal and spatial behavior of extensive animal groups in the wild, such as bird flocks, fish shoals, and locust swarms. By quantifying the formation processes of vast oceanic fish shoals during spawning, we show that (i) a rapid transition from disordered to highly synchronized behavior occurs as population density reaches a critical value; (ii) organized group migration occurs after this transition; and (iii) small sets of leaders significantly influence the actions of much larger groups. Each of these findings confirms general theoretical predictions believed to apply in nature irrespective of animal species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makris, Nicholas C -- Ratilal, Purnima -- Jagannathan, Srinivasan -- Gong, Zheng -- Andrews, Mark -- Bertsatos, Ioannis -- Godo, Olav Rune -- Nero, Redwood W -- Jech, J Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 27;323(5922):1734-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1169441.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. makris@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325116" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Migration ; Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; *Behavior, Animal ; Ecosystem ; Fishes/*physiology ; Population Density ; Reproduction ; Spatial Behavior ; *Swimming ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Two pairs of neurons in the central brain control Drosophila innate light preference (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-23
    Beschreibung: Appropriate preferences for light or dark conditions can be crucial for an animal's survival. Innate light preferences are not static in some animals, including the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which prefers darkness in the feeding larval stage but prefers light in adulthood. To elucidate the neural circuit underlying light preference, we examined the neurons involved in larval phototactic behavior by regulating neuronal functions. Modulating activity of two pairs of isomorphic neurons in the central brain switched the larval light preference between photophobic and photophilic. These neurons were found to be immediately downstream of pdf-expressing lateral neurons, which are innervated by larval photoreceptors. Our results revealed a neural mechanism that could enable the adjustment of animals' response strategies to environmental stimuli according to biological needs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gong, Zhefeng -- Liu, Jiangqu -- Guo, Chao -- Zhou, Yanqiong -- Teng, Yan -- Liu, Li -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 22;330(6003):499-502. doi: 10.1126/science.1195993.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China. zfgong@moon.ibp.ac.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20966250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*radiation effects ; Brain/cytology/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/cytology/growth & development/*radiation effects ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Larva/physiology/radiation effects ; *Light ; Neural Pathways ; Neurons/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    A histone acetyltransferase regulates active DNA demethylation in Arabidopsis (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-06-16
    Beschreibung: Active DNA demethylation is an important part of epigenetic regulation in plants and animals. How active DNA demethylation is regulated and its relationship with histone modification patterns are unclear. Here, we report the discovery of IDM1, a regulator of DNA demethylation in Arabidopsis. IDM1 is required for preventing DNA hypermethylation of highly homologous multicopy genes and other repetitive sequences that are normally targeted for active DNA demethylation by Repressor of Silencing 1 and related 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylases. IDM1 binds methylated DNA at chromatin sites lacking histone H3K4 di- or trimethylation and acetylates H3 to create a chromatin environment permissible for 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylases to function. Our study reveals how some genes are indicated by multiple epigenetic marks for active DNA demethylation and protection from silencing.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3575687/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3575687/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qian, Weiqiang -- Miki, Daisuke -- Zhang, Heng -- Liu, Yunhua -- Zhang, Xi -- Tang, Kai -- Kan, Yunchao -- La, Honggui -- Li, Xiaojie -- Li, Shaofang -- Zhu, Xiaohong -- Shi, Xiaobing -- Zhang, Kangling -- Pontes, Olga -- Chen, Xuemei -- Liu, Renyi -- Gong, Zhizhong -- Zhu, Jian-Kang -- R01 GM059138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM059138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM070795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 15;336(6087):1445-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1219416.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22700931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylation ; Arabidopsis/*genetics/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA Glycosylases/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA, Plant/*metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Plant ; Histone Acetyltransferases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Electromagnetic interference reduction design of alternating integrator for EAST (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-09-29
    Beschreibung: An alternating integrator has been designed for the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak that is intended for long pulse operation of up to 1000 s. The electromagnetic operating environment for the device is so complex that it could affect the performance of the integrator. The new integrator system is carefully designed and actualized based on specific reduced electromagnetic interference requirements, which were formulated based on consideration of processing of the input signals, the isolation properties, and the circuit board layout and grounding. The developed integrator shows excellent electromagnetic compatibility and low-drift properties.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Digitale ISSN: 1089-7623
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Publiziert von American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ion beam syntheses and microstructure studies of a new FeSi2 phase (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 3306-3309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Iron-silicide has been formed by ion implantation of iron into silicon (111). In the as-implanted sample, a new type of orthorhombic FeSi2 phase was found. Although the lattice parameters of the new phase are the same as those of the known semiconductor β-FeSi2, its point group and space group were different and determined to be mmm and Pbca, respectively. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363240
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lithographic processing of YBa2Cu3O7 thin films: Impact on electrical contacts (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 6167-6171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Silver contact pads to c-axis-oriented thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) were defined using three different techniques: (1) deposition through stencil masks; (2) liftoff; and (3) Ar plasma etching of in situ deposited Ag. A specific contact resistance of ρc(77 K) = 1 × 10−7 Ω cm2 was found for the in situ deposited contacts. Contacts defined with stencil masks and liftoff showed a ρc(77 K) ∼ 10−5 and ∼ 10−2 Ω cm2, respectively. Core-level photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate that the resist and acetone applied to the YBCO thin film during patterning do not introduce surface impurity phases in addition to those formed upon air exposure. Distinct chemical shifts originating from process-induced surface impurity phases were observed in photoelectron spectra taken on films prepared for contact definition by liftoff, i.e., exposed to the lithographic developer and deionized water. These findings correlate with the measured increase in contact resistance. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy images of an in situ deposited Ag contact unveil a 20–30-A(ring)-thick interface layer, in which the 12 A(ring) periodicity along the YBCO c axis vanishes. The presence of this layer could explain the absence of Josephson effects in YBCO/noble-metal/low-Tc superconductor junctions where the currents are forced to flow perpendicular to the a-b planes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350425
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