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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-11-11
    Description: Repetitive DNA sequences, which constitute half the genome in some organisms, often undergo homologous recombination. This can instigate genomic instability resulting from a gain or loss of DNA. Assembly of DNA into silent chromatin is generally thought to serve as a mechanism ensuring repeat stability by limiting access to the recombination machinery. Consistent with this notion is the observation, in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that stability of the highly repetitive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences requires a Sir2-containing chromatin silencing complex that also inhibits transcription from foreign promoters and transposons inserted within the repeats by a process called rDNA silencing. Here we describe a protein network that stabilizes rDNA repeats of budding yeast by means of interactions between rDNA-associated silencing proteins and two proteins of the inner nuclear membrane (INM). Deletion of either the INM or silencing proteins reduces perinuclear rDNA positioning, disrupts the nucleolus-nucleoplasm boundary, induces the formation of recombination foci, and destabilizes the repeats. In addition, artificial targeting of rDNA repeats to the INM suppresses the instability observed in cells lacking an rDNA-associated silencing protein that is typically required for peripheral tethering of the repeats. Moreover, in contrast to Sir2 and its associated nucleolar factors, the INM proteins are not required for rDNA silencing, indicating that Sir2-dependent silencing is not sufficient to inhibit recombination within the rDNA locus. These findings demonstrate a role for INM proteins in the perinuclear localization of chromosomes and show that tethering to the nuclear periphery is required for the stability of rDNA repeats. The INM proteins studied here are conserved and have been implicated in chromosome organization in metazoans. Our results therefore reveal an ancient mechanism in which interactions between INM proteins and chromosomal proteins ensure genome stability.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596277/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596277/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mekhail, Karim -- Seebacher, Jan -- Gygi, Steven P -- Moazed, Danesh -- R01 GM079535/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM079535-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 4;456(7222):667-70. doi: 10.1038/nature07460. Epub 2008 Nov 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18997772" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosomal Position Effects ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Chromosome Positioning ; Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Ribosomal/*genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; *Gene Silencing ; Genomic Instability/*genetics ; Nuclear Envelope/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Recombination, Genetic/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*cytology/*genetics
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2008-08-01
    Description: MicroRNAs are endogenous approximately 23-nucleotide RNAs that can pair to sites in the messenger RNAs of protein-coding genes to downregulate the expression from these messages. MicroRNAs are known to influence the evolution and stability of many mRNAs, but their global impact on protein output had not been examined. Here we use quantitative mass spectrometry to measure the response of thousands of proteins after introducing microRNAs into cultured cells and after deleting mir-223 in mouse neutrophils. The identities of the responsive proteins indicate that targeting is primarily through seed-matched sites located within favourable predicted contexts in 3' untranslated regions. Hundreds of genes were directly repressed, albeit each to a modest degree, by individual microRNAs. Although some targets were repressed without detectable changes in mRNA levels, those translationally repressed by more than a third also displayed detectable mRNA destabilization, and, for the more highly repressed targets, mRNA destabilization usually comprised the major component of repression. The impact of microRNAs on the proteome indicated that for most interactions microRNAs act as rheostats to make fine-scale adjustments to protein output.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2745094/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2745094/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baek, Daehyun -- Villen, Judit -- Shin, Chanseok -- Camargo, Fernando D -- Gygi, Steven P -- Bartel, David P -- R01 GM067031/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003456/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003456-04A1/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 4;455(7209):64-71. doi: 10.1038/nature07242. Epub 2008 Jul 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18668037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Isotope Labeling ; Male ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/*genetics/*metabolism ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteomics ; Transfection
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-05-05
    Description: The proteasome is a protease that controls diverse processes in eukaryotic cells. Its regulatory particle (RP) initiates the degradation of ubiquitin-protein conjugates by unfolding the substrate and translocating it into the proteasome core particle (CP) to be degraded. The RP has 19 subunits, and their pathway of assembly is not understood. Here we show that in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae three proteins are found associated with RP but not with the RP-CP holoenzyme: Nas6, Rpn14 and Hsm3. Mutations in the corresponding genes confer proteasome loss-of-function phenotypes, despite their virtual absence from the holoenzyme. These effects result from deficient RP assembly. Thus, Nas6, Rpn14 and Hsm3 are RP chaperones. The RP contains six ATPases-the Rpt proteins-and each RP chaperone binds to the carboxy-terminal domain of a specific Rpt. We show in an accompanying study that RP assembly is templated through the Rpt C termini, apparently by their insertion into binding pockets in the CP. Thus, RP chaperones may regulate proteasome assembly by directly restricting the accessibility of Rpt C termini to the CP. In addition, competition between the RP chaperones and the CP for Rpt engagement may explain the release of RP chaperones as proteasomes mature.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2727592/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2727592/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roelofs, Jeroen -- Park, Soyeon -- Haas, Wilhelm -- Tian, Geng -- McAllister, Fiona E -- Huo, Ying -- Lee, Byung-Hoon -- Zhang, Fan -- Shi, Yigong -- Gygi, Steven P -- Finley, Daniel -- 5F32GM75737-2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM043601/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM67945/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM043601/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM043601-19/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 11;459(7248):861-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08063.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19412159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/chemistry/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Conserved Sequence ; Evolution, Molecular ; Holoenzymes/chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Chaperones/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2009-05-05
    Description: Substrates of the proteasome are recognized and unfolded by the regulatory particle, and then translocated into the core particle (CP) to be degraded. A hetero-hexameric ATPase ring, containing subunits Rpt1-6, is situated within the base subassembly of the regulatory particle. The ATPase ring sits atop the CP, with the Rpt carboxy termini inserted into pockets in the CP. Here we identify a previously unknown function of the Rpt proteins in proteasome biogenesis through deleting the C-terminal residue from each Rpt in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results indicate that assembly of the hexameric ATPase ring is templated on the CP. We have also identified an apparent intermediate in base assembly, BP1, which contains Rpn1, three Rpts and Hsm3, a chaperone for base assembly. The Rpt proteins with the strongest assembly phenotypes, Rpt4 and Rpt6, were absent from BP1. We propose that Rpt4 and Rpt6 form a nucleating complex to initiate base assembly, and that this complex is subsequently joined by BP1 to complete the Rpt ring. Our studies show that assembly of the proteasome base is a rapid yet highly orchestrated process.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722381/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722381/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Park, Soyeon -- Roelofs, Jeroen -- Kim, Woong -- Robert, Jessica -- Schmidt, Marion -- Gygi, Steven P -- Finley, Daniel -- 5F32GM75737-2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 GM075737-01A2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM043601/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM67945/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084228/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 11;459(7248):866-70. doi: 10.1038/nature08065.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19412160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones/metabolism ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/*biosynthesis/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2009-07-31
    Description: Brown adipose cells are specialized to dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat, as a physiological defence against cold and obesity. PRDM16 (PR domain containing 16) is a 140 kDa zinc finger protein that robustly induces brown fat determination and differentiation. Recent data suggests that brown fat cells arise in vivo from a Myf5-positive, myoblastic lineage by the action of PRDM16 (ref. 3); however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this developmental switch is unclear. Here we show that PRDM16 forms a transcriptional complex with the active form of C/EBP-beta (also known as LAP), acting as a critical molecular unit that controls the cell fate switch from myoblastic precursors to brown fat cells. Forced expression of PRDM16 and C/EBP-beta is sufficient to induce a fully functional brown fat program in naive fibroblastic cells, including skin fibroblasts from mouse and man. Transplantation of fibroblasts expressing these two factors into mice gives rise to an ectopic fat pad with the morphological and biochemical characteristics of brown fat. Like endogenous brown fat, this synthetic brown fat tissue acts as a sink for glucose uptake, as determined by positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose. These data indicate that the PRDM16-C/EBP-beta complex initiates brown fat formation from myoblastic precursors, and may provide opportunities for the development of new therapeutics for obesity and type-2 diabetes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754867/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754867/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kajimura, Shingo -- Seale, Patrick -- Kubota, Kazuishi -- Lunsford, Elaine -- Frangioni, John V -- Gygi, Steven P -- Spiegelman, Bruce M -- DK081605/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK31405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM67945/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG3456/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- K99 DK087853/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK031405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK031405-28/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- S10-RR-023010/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1154-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08262. Epub 2009 Jul 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19641492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue, Brown/*cytology/*metabolism ; Animals ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Choristoma/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Myoblasts/*cytology/*metabolism ; Skin/cytology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2009-09-26
    Description: To explore the mechanisms and evolution of cell-cycle control, we analyzed the position and conservation of large numbers of phosphorylation sites for the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We combined specific chemical inhibition of Cdk1 with quantitative mass spectrometry to identify the positions of 547 phosphorylation sites on 308 Cdk1 substrates in vivo. Comparisons of these substrates with orthologs throughout the ascomycete lineage revealed that the position of most phosphorylation sites is not conserved in evolution; instead, clusters of sites shift position in rapidly evolving disordered regions. We propose that the regulation of protein function by phosphorylation often depends on simple nonspecific mechanisms that disrupt or enhance protein-protein interactions. The gain or loss of phosphorylation sites in rapidly evolving regions could facilitate the evolution of kinase-signaling circuits.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813701/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813701/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holt, Liam J -- Tuch, Brian B -- Villen, Judit -- Johnson, Alexander D -- Gygi, Steven P -- Morgan, David O -- GM037049/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM50684/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG3456/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM069901/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM069901-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003456/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003456-06/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 25;325(5948):1682-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1172867.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779198" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Ascomycota/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Biological Evolution ; CDC2 Protein Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; *Cell Cycle ; Cell Physiological Processes ; Computational Biology ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphopeptides/chemistry/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phylogeny ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: The BRCT repeats of the breast and ovarian cancer predisposition protein BRCA1 are essential for tumor suppression. Phosphopeptide affinity proteomic analysis identified a protein, Abraxas, that directly binds the BRCA1 BRCT repeats through a phospho-Ser-X-X-Phe motif. Abraxas binds BRCA1 to the mutual exclusion of BACH1 (BRCA1-associated C-terminal helicase) and CtIP (CtBP-interacting protein), forming a third type of BRCA1 complex. Abraxas recruits the ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM)-containing protein RAP80 to BRCA1. Both Abraxas and RAP80 were required for DNA damage resistance, G(2)-M checkpoint control, and DNA repair. RAP80 was required for optimal accumulation of BRCA1 on damaged DNA (foci) in response to ionizing radiation, and the UIM domains alone were capable of foci formation. The RAP80-Abraxas complex may help recruit BRCA1 to DNA damage sites in part through recognition of ubiquitinated proteins.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3573690/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3573690/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Bin -- Matsuoka, Shuhei -- Ballif, Bryan A -- Zhang, Dong -- Smogorzewska, Agata -- Gygi, Steven P -- Elledge, Stephen J -- 1KO1, CA116275-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1U19A1067751/PHS HHS/ -- T32CA09216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1194-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Center for Genetics and Genomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; BRCA1 Protein/*physiology ; Carrier Proteins/*physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/*physiology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: Cellular responses to DNA damage are mediated by a number of protein kinases, including ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ATM and Rad3-related). The outlines of the signal transduction portion of this pathway are known, but little is known about the physiological scope of the DNA damage response (DDR). We performed a large-scale proteomic analysis of proteins phosphorylated in response to DNA damage on consensus sites recognized by ATM and ATR and identified more than 900 regulated phosphorylation sites encompassing over 700 proteins. Functional analysis of a subset of this data set indicated that this list is highly enriched for proteins involved in the DDR. This set of proteins is highly interconnected, and we identified a large number of protein modules and networks not previously linked to the DDR. This database paints a much broader landscape for the DDR than was previously appreciated and opens new avenues of investigation into the responses to DNA damage in mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsuoka, Shuhei -- Ballif, Bryan A -- Smogorzewska, Agata -- McDonald, E Robert 3rd -- Hurov, Kristen E -- Luo, Ji -- Bakalarski, Corey E -- Zhao, Zhenming -- Solimini, Nicole -- Lerenthal, Yaniv -- Shiloh, Yosef -- Gygi, Steven P -- Elledge, Stephen J -- 1U19A1067751/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1160-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics and Center for Genetics and Genomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Binding Sites ; Cell Cycle/physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Computational Biology ; Consensus Sequence ; *DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; DNA Replication/physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Isotope Labeling ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*physiology ; Proteome/isolation & purification/physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Signal Transduction ; Substrate Specificity ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*physiology
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: The airway epithelium plays an essential role in innate immunity to lung pathogens. Ribonucleoprotein particles primarily composed of major vault protein (MVP) are highly expressed in cells that encounter xenobiotics. However, a clear biologic function for MVP is not established. We report here that MVP is rapidly recruited to lipid rafts when human lung epithelial cells are infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and maximal recruitment is dependent on bacterial binding to the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. MVP was also essential for optimal epithelial cell internalization and clearance of P. aeruginosa. These results suggest that MVP makes a substantial contribution to epithelial cell-mediated resistance to infection.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3685177/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3685177/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kowalski, Michael P -- Dubouix-Bourandy, Anne -- Bajmoczi, Milan -- Golan, David E -- Zaidi, Tanweer -- Coutinho-Sledge, Yamara S -- Gygi, Melanie P -- Gygi, Steven P -- Wiemer, Erik A C -- Pier, Gerald B -- R01 HL 58398-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL058398/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37 HL 32854-22/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):130-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism/microbiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Lung/immunology/microbiology ; Lung Diseases/*immunology/metabolism/microbiology ; Membrane Microdomains/metabolism ; Mice ; Pseudomonas Infections/*immunology/metabolism/microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/*immunology/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics ; Respiratory Mucosa/immunology/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Signal Transduction ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles/*physiology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2008-07-26
    Description: Chromosome segregation, transcriptional regulation, and repair of DNA double-strand breaks require the cohesin protein complex. Cohesin holds the replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) together to mediate sister chromatid cohesion. The mechanism of how cohesion is established is unknown. We found that in budding yeast, the head domain of the Smc3p subunit of cohesin is acetylated by the Eco1p acetyltransferase at two evolutionarily conserved residues, promoting the chromatin-bound cohesin to tether sister chromatids. Smc3p acetylation is induced in S phase after the chromatin loading of cohesin and is suppressed in G(1) and G(2)/M. Smc3 head acetylation and its cell cycle regulation provide important insights into the biology and mechanism of cohesion establishment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Unal, Elcin -- Heidinger-Pauli, Jill M -- Kim, Woong -- Guacci, Vincent -- Onn, Itay -- Gygi, Steven P -- Koshland, Douglas E -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 25;321(5888):566-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1157880.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18653894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Acetyltransferases/genetics/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Division ; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromatids/*physiology ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromosomes, Fungal/*physiology ; G1 Phase ; G2 Phase ; Immunoprecipitation ; Lysine/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; S Phase ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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