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  • 1
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    Role for perinuclear chromosome tethering in maintenance of genome stability (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-11
    Description: Repetitive DNA sequences, which constitute half the genome in some organisms, often undergo homologous recombination. This can instigate genomic instability resulting from a gain or loss of DNA. Assembly of DNA into silent chromatin is generally thought to serve as a mechanism ensuring repeat stability by limiting access to the recombination machinery. Consistent with this notion is the observation, in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that stability of the highly repetitive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences requires a Sir2-containing chromatin silencing complex that also inhibits transcription from foreign promoters and transposons inserted within the repeats by a process called rDNA silencing. Here we describe a protein network that stabilizes rDNA repeats of budding yeast by means of interactions between rDNA-associated silencing proteins and two proteins of the inner nuclear membrane (INM). Deletion of either the INM or silencing proteins reduces perinuclear rDNA positioning, disrupts the nucleolus-nucleoplasm boundary, induces the formation of recombination foci, and destabilizes the repeats. In addition, artificial targeting of rDNA repeats to the INM suppresses the instability observed in cells lacking an rDNA-associated silencing protein that is typically required for peripheral tethering of the repeats. Moreover, in contrast to Sir2 and its associated nucleolar factors, the INM proteins are not required for rDNA silencing, indicating that Sir2-dependent silencing is not sufficient to inhibit recombination within the rDNA locus. These findings demonstrate a role for INM proteins in the perinuclear localization of chromosomes and show that tethering to the nuclear periphery is required for the stability of rDNA repeats. The INM proteins studied here are conserved and have been implicated in chromosome organization in metazoans. Our results therefore reveal an ancient mechanism in which interactions between INM proteins and chromosomal proteins ensure genome stability.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596277/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596277/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mekhail, Karim -- Seebacher, Jan -- Gygi, Steven P -- Moazed, Danesh -- R01 GM079535/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM079535-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 4;456(7222):667-70. doi: 10.1038/nature07460. Epub 2008 Nov 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18997772" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosomal Position Effects ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Chromosome Positioning ; Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Ribosomal/*genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; *Gene Silencing ; Genomic Instability/*genetics ; Nuclear Envelope/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Recombination, Genetic/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*cytology/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Small RNAs in transcriptional gene silencing and genome defence (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-23
    Description: Small RNA molecules of about 20-30 nucleotides have emerged as powerful regulators of gene expression and genome stability. Studies in fission yeast and multicellular organisms suggest that effector complexes, directed by small RNAs, target nascent chromatin-bound non-coding RNAs and recruit chromatin-modifying complexes. Interactions between small RNAs and nascent non-coding transcripts thus reveal a new mechanism for targeting chromatin-modifying complexes to specific chromosome regions and suggest possibilities for how the resultant chromatin states may be inherited during the process of chromosome duplication.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246369/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246369/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moazed, Danesh -- R01 GM072805/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072805-08/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):413-20. doi: 10.1038/nature07756.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. danesh_moazed@hms.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromatin/genetics/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Silencing/*physiology ; Genome/*genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Epigenomics: a roadmap, but to where? (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4479142/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4479142/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Madhani, Hiten D -- Francis, Nicole J -- Kingston, Robert E -- Kornberg, Roger D -- Moazed, Danesh -- Narlikar, Geeta J -- Panning, Barbara -- Struhl, Kevin -- R01 GM063671/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Oct 3;322(5898):43-4. doi: 10.1126/science.322.5898.43b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18832628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromatin/*genetics ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; *Genomics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    RNAi-mediated targeting of heterochromatin by the RITS complex (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-06
    Description: RNA interference (RNAi) is a widespread silencing mechanism that acts at both the posttranscriptional and transcriptional levels. Here, we describe the purification of an RNAi effector complex termed RITS (RNA-induced initiation of transcriptional gene silencing) that is required for heterochromatin assembly in fission yeast. The RITS complex contains Ago1 (the fission yeast Argonaute homolog), Chp1 (a heterochromatin-associated chromodomain protein), and Tas3 (a novel protein). In addition, the complex contains small RNAs that require the Dicer ribonuclease for their production. These small RNAs are homologous to centromeric repeats and are required for the localization of RITS to heterochromatic domains. The results suggest a mechanism for the role of the RNAi machinery and small RNAs in targeting of heterochromatin complexes and epigenetic gene silencing at specific chromosomal loci.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244756/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244756/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Verdel, Andre -- Jia, Songtao -- Gerber, Scott -- Sugiyama, Tomoyasu -- Gygi, Steven -- Grewal, Shiv I S -- Moazed, Danesh -- R01 GM072805/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072805-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jan 30;303(5658):672-6. Epub 2004 Jan 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14704433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Argonaute Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Centromere/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Fungal/metabolism ; Endoribonucleases/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Genes, Reporter ; Heterochromatin/*metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Precipitin Tests ; Protein Binding ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Fungal/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Ribonuclease III/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/*genetics/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/chemistry/genetics/isolation & ; purification/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Heterochromatin and epigenetic control of gene expression (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-08-09
    Description: Eukaryotic DNA is organized into structurally distinct domains that regulate gene expression and chromosome behavior. Epigenetically heritable domains of heterochromatin control the structure and expression of large chromosome domains and are required for proper chromosome segregation. Recent studies have identified many of the enzymes and structural proteins that work together to assemble heterochromatin. The assembly process appears to occur in a stepwise manner involving sequential rounds of histone modification by silencing complexes that spread along the chromatin fiber by self-oligomerization, as well as by association with specifically modified histone amino-terminal tails. Finally, an unexpected role for noncoding RNAs and RNA interference in the formation of epigenetic chromatin domains has been uncovered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grewal, Shiv I S -- Moazed, Danesh -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Aug 8;301(5634):798-802.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. grewals@mail.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12907790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Silencing ; Heterochromatin/*metabolism/physiology ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulator Elements ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics/physiology ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Molecular biology. Rejoice--RNAi for yeast (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3245747/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3245747/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moazed, Danesh -- R01 GM072805/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072805-08/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 23;326(5952):533-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1182102.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. danesh_moazed@hms.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19900888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Transposable Elements ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Fungal ; Genetic Loci ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Fungal/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics/metabolism ; Ribonuclease III/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces/*genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomycetales/*genetics/metabolism ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Epigenetics. Epigenetic inheritance uncoupled from sequence-specific recruitment (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-02
    Description: Changes in histone posttranslational modifications are associated with epigenetic states that define distinct patterns of gene expression. It remains unclear whether epigenetic information can be transmitted through histone modifications independently of specific DNA sequence, DNA methylation, or RNA interference. Here we show that, in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, ectopically induced domains of histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9me), a conserved marker of heterochromatin, are inherited through several mitotic and meiotic cell divisions after removal of the sequence-specific initiator. The putative JmjC domain H3K9 demethylase, Epe1, and the chromodomain of the H3K9 methyltransferase, Clr4/Suv39h, play opposing roles in maintaining silent H3K9me domains. These results demonstrate how a direct "read-write" mechanism involving Clr4 propagates histone modifications and allows histones to act as carriers of epigenetic information.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4385470/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4385470/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ragunathan, Kaushik -- Jih, Gloria -- Moazed, Danesh -- GM072805/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072805/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007226/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):1258699. doi: 10.1126/science.1258699. Epub 2014 Nov 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. danesh@hms.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25831549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine/metabolism ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Genes, Reporter ; Heterochromatin/genetics/metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lysine/*metabolism ; Methyltransferases/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Operator Regions, Genetic ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational/*genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/*enzymology/*genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Tetracycline/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloramphenicol, erythromycin, carbomycin and vernamycin B protect overlapping sites in the peptidyl transferase region of 23S ribosomal RNA
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimie 69 (1987), S. 879-884 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9084
    Keywords: ARN ribosomal ; antibiotics ; antibiotiques ; chemical probing ; peptidyl transferase ; peptidyl transferase ; ribosomal RNA ; sondage chimique
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0300-9084(87)90215-X
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
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    From The Cover: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is an essential component of a self-enforcing loop coupling heterochromatin assembly to siRNA production (2004)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-22
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Silent information regulator protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A SIR2/SIR4 complex and evidence for a regulatory domain in SIR4 that inhibits its interaction with SIR3 (1997)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-03-18
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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