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  • Springer Nature  (51)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (12)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009  (66)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1965-1969
  • 2008  (66)
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  • 2015-2019
  • 2005-2009  (66)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1965-1969
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0036-8733
    Electronic ISSN: 1946-7087
    Topics: Biology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2008-11-15
    Description: Climate models incorporate photosynthesis-climate feedbacks, yet we lack robust tools for large-scale assessments of these processes. Recent work suggests that carbonyl sulfide (COS), a trace gas consumed by plants, could provide a valuable constraint on photosynthesis. Here we analyze airborne observations of COS and carbon dioxide concentrations during the growing season over North America with a three-dimensional atmospheric transport model. We successfully modeled the persistent vertical drawdown of atmospheric COS using the quantitative relation between COS and photosynthesis that has been measured in plant chamber experiments. Furthermore, this drawdown is driven by plant uptake rather than other continental and oceanic fluxes in the model. These results provide quantitative evidence that COS gradients in the continental growing season may have broad use as a measurement-based photosynthesis tracer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Campbell, J E -- Carmichael, G R -- Chai, T -- Mena-Carrasco, M -- Tang, Y -- Blake, D R -- Blake, N J -- Vay, S A -- Collatz, G J -- Baker, I -- Berry, J A -- Montzka, S A -- Sweeney, C -- Schnoor, J L -- Stanier, C O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 14;322(5904):1085-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1164015.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ecampbell3@ucmerced.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19008442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/*chemistry ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/metabolism ; North America ; *Photosynthesis ; Plant Development ; Plants/*metabolism ; Seasons ; Sulfur Oxides/*analysis/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2008-05-20
    Description: Increasing quantities of atmospheric anthropogenic fixed nitrogen entering the open ocean could account for up to about a third of the ocean's external (nonrecycled) nitrogen supply and up to approximately 3% of the annual new marine biological production, approximately 0.3 petagram of carbon per year. This input could account for the production of up to approximately 1.6 teragrams of nitrous oxide (N2O) per year. Although approximately 10% of the ocean's drawdown of atmospheric anthropogenic carbon dioxide may result from this atmospheric nitrogen fertilization, leading to a decrease in radiative forcing, up to about two-thirds of this amount may be offset by the increase in N2O emissions. The effects of increasing atmospheric nitrogen deposition are expected to continue to grow in the future.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duce, R A -- LaRoche, J -- Altieri, K -- Arrigo, K R -- Baker, A R -- Capone, D G -- Cornell, S -- Dentener, F -- Galloway, J -- Ganeshram, R S -- Geider, R J -- Jickells, T -- Kuypers, M M -- Langlois, R -- Liss, P S -- Liu, S M -- Middelburg, J J -- Moore, C M -- Nickovic, S -- Oschlies, A -- Pedersen, T -- Prospero, J -- Schlitzer, R -- Seitzinger, S -- Sorensen, L L -- Uematsu, M -- Ulloa, O -- Voss, M -- Ward, B -- Zamora, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 May 16;320(5878):893-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1150369.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18487184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Atmosphere ; Carbon ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; *Human Activities ; Humans ; *Nitrogen/metabolism ; Nitrogen Fixation ; Oceans and Seas ; *Reactive Nitrogen Species/metabolism ; *Seawater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2008-03-29
    Description: Schizophrenia is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder whose genetic influences remain elusive. We hypothesize that individually rare structural variants contribute to the illness. Microdeletions and microduplications 〉100 kilobases were identified by microarray comparative genomic hybridization of genomic DNA from 150 individuals with schizophrenia and 268 ancestry-matched controls. All variants were validated by high-resolution platforms. Novel deletions and duplications of genes were present in 5% of controls versus 15% of cases and 20% of young-onset cases, both highly significant differences. The association was independently replicated in patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia as compared with their parents. Mutations in cases disrupted genes disproportionately from signaling networks controlling neurodevelopment, including neuregulin and glutamate pathways. These results suggest that multiple, individually rare mutations altering genes in neurodevelopmental pathways contribute to schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, Tom -- McClellan, Jon M -- McCarthy, Shane E -- Addington, Anjene M -- Pierce, Sarah B -- Cooper, Greg M -- Nord, Alex S -- Kusenda, Mary -- Malhotra, Dheeraj -- Bhandari, Abhishek -- Stray, Sunday M -- Rippey, Caitlin F -- Roccanova, Patricia -- Makarov, Vlad -- Lakshmi, B -- Findling, Robert L -- Sikich, Linmarie -- Stromberg, Thomas -- Merriman, Barry -- Gogtay, Nitin -- Butler, Philip -- Eckstrand, Kristen -- Noory, Laila -- Gochman, Peter -- Long, Robert -- Chen, Zugen -- Davis, Sean -- Baker, Carl -- Eichler, Evan E -- Meltzer, Paul S -- Nelson, Stanley F -- Singleton, Andrew B -- Lee, Ming K -- Rapoport, Judith L -- King, Mary-Claire -- Sebat, Jonathan -- HD043569/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR000046/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- MH061355/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH061464/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH061528/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS052108/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD043569/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR000046/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR025014/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH061355/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH061464/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH061528/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U24 NS052108/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR025014/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Apr 25;320(5875):539-43. doi: 10.1126/science.1155174. Epub 2008 Mar 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18369103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age of Onset ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Brain/cytology/*growth & development/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Female ; *Gene Deletion ; *Gene Duplication ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Neurons/cytology/physiology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Receptor, ErbB-4 ; Schizophrenia/*genetics/physiopathology ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2008-05-20
    Description: Recycled oceanic crust, with or without sediment, is often invoked as a source component of continental and oceanic alkaline magmas to account for their trace-element and isotopic characteristics. Alternatively, these features have been attributed to sources containing veined, metasomatized lithosphere. In melting experiments on natural amphibole-rich veins at 1.5 gigapascals, we found that partial melts of metasomatic veins can reproduce key major- and trace-element features of oceanic and continental alkaline magmas. Moreover, experiments with hornblendite plus lherzolite showed that reaction of melts of amphibole-rich veins with surrounding lherzolite can explain observed compositional trends from nephelinites to alkali olivine basalts. We conclude that melting of metasomatized lithosphere is a viable alternative to models of alkaline basalt formation by melting of recycled oceanic crust with or without sediment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pilet, Sebastien -- Baker, Michael B -- Stolper, Edward M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 May 16;320(5878):916-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1156563.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. sebastien.pilet@unil.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18487189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2008-07-05
    Description: Observations by MESSENGER show that Mercury's magnetosphere is immersed in a comet-like cloud of planetary ions. The most abundant, Na+, is broadly distributed but exhibits flux maxima in the magnetosheath, where the local plasma flow speed is high, and near the spacecraft's closest approach, where atmospheric density should peak. The magnetic field showed reconnection signatures in the form of flux transfer events, azimuthal rotations consistent with Kelvin-Helmholtz waves along the magnetopause, and extensive ultralow-frequency wave activity. Two outbound current sheet boundaries were observed, across which the magnetic field decreased in a manner suggestive of a double magnetopause. The separation of these current layers, comparable to the gyro-radius of a Na+ pickup ion entering the magnetosphere after being accelerated in the magnetosheath, may indicate a planetary ion boundary layer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slavin, James A -- Acuna, Mario H -- Anderson, Brian J -- Baker, Daniel N -- Benna, Mehdi -- Gloeckler, George -- Gold, Robert E -- Ho, George C -- Killen, Rosemary M -- Korth, Haje -- Krimigis, Stamatios M -- McNutt, Ralph L Jr -- Nittler, Larry R -- Raines, Jim M -- Schriver, David -- Solomon, Sean C -- Starr, Richard D -- Travnicek, Pavel -- Zurbuchen, Thomas H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 4;321(5885):85-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1159040.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. james.a.slavin@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18599776" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2008-11-08
    Description: Disposable plasticware such as test tubes, pipette tips, and multiwell assay or culture plates are used routinely in most biological research laboratories. Manufacturing of plastics requires the inclusion of numerous chemicals to enhance stability, durability, and performance. Some lubricating (slip) agents, exemplified by oleamide, also occur endogenously in humans and are biologically active, and cationic biocides are included to prevent bacterial colonization of the plastic surface. We demonstrate that these manufacturing agents leach from laboratory plasticware into a standard aqueous buffer, dimethyl sulfoxide, and methanol and can have profound effects on proteins and thus on results from bioassays of protein function. These findings have far-reaching implications for the use of disposable plasticware in biological research.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonald, G Reid -- Hudson, Alan L -- Dunn, Susan M J -- You, Haitao -- Baker, Glen B -- Whittal, Randy M -- Martin, Jonathan W -- Jha, Amitabh -- Edmondson, Dale E -- Holt, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 7;322(5903):917. doi: 10.1126/science.1162395.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Disinfectants/*analysis/pharmacology ; *Disposable Equipment ; Humans ; *Laboratories ; Monoamine Oxidase/*metabolism ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Oleic Acids/*analysis/pharmacology ; Plastics/*chemistry ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/*analysis/pharmacology ; Rats ; Solvents
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2008-03-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, Timothy D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1616. doi: 10.1126/science.319.5870.1616d.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18356507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Malaria/economics/mortality/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2008-03-08
    Description: The creation of enzymes capable of catalyzing any desired chemical reaction is a grand challenge for computational protein design. Using new algorithms that rely on hashing techniques to construct active sites for multistep reactions, we designed retro-aldolases that use four different catalytic motifs to catalyze the breaking of a carbon-carbon bond in a nonnatural substrate. Of the 72 designs that were experimentally characterized, 32, spanning a range of protein folds, had detectable retro-aldolase activity. Designs that used an explicit water molecule to mediate proton shuffling were significantly more successful, with rate accelerations of up to four orders of magnitude and multiple turnovers, than those involving charged side-chain networks. The atomic accuracy of the design process was confirmed by the x-ray crystal structure of active designs embedded in two protein scaffolds, both of which were nearly superimposable on the design model.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3431203/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3431203/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, Lin -- Althoff, Eric A -- Clemente, Fernando R -- Doyle, Lindsey -- Rothlisberger, Daniela -- Zanghellini, Alexandre -- Gallaher, Jasmine L -- Betker, Jamie L -- Tanaka, Fujie -- Barbas, Carlos F 3rd -- Hilvert, Donald -- Houk, Kendall N -- Stoddard, Barry L -- Baker, David -- R01 CA097328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM049857/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 7;319(5868):1387-91. doi: 10.1126/science.1152692.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18323453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehyde-Lyases/*chemistry/metabolism ; *Algorithms ; Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Catalytic Domain ; Computer Simulation ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Kinetics ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2008-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schaefer, Mark -- Baker, D James -- Gibbons, John H -- Groat, Charles G -- Kennedy, Donald -- Kennel, Charles F -- Rejeski, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 4;321(5885):44-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1160192.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18599760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology ; Fresh Water ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; Oceanography ; Oceans and Seas ; *Public Policy ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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