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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-02-09
    Description: The growth and dissolution behaviour of detrital, metamorphic and magmatic monazite and zircon during granulite-facies anatexis in pelitic and psammo-pelitic granulites and in garnetiferous granite from the southern margin of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) have been investigated using reconstructed metamorphic reaction history, monazite electron microprobe dating and sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U–Pb zircon geochronology. Whereas the pelitic granulites record medium-pressure granulite-facies metamorphism (BM 1 stage), the psammo-pelitic granulite reached ultrahigh temperatures ( T Max 〉 880°C at 8·7 kbar). The meta-psammite additionally records two stages of granulite-facies recrystallization (BM 2 and BM 3 ). Irrespective of variations in the bulk-rock compositions and peak metamorphic conditions, monazite is highly reactive during the BM 1 event, producing complex, chemically zoned crystals. Textural, compositional and chemical ages of these grains indicate the stability of six compositional domains (CD1 to CD6 in the paragenetic sequence), of which CD1 represents pre-metamorphic detrital cores of Paleoproterozoic age. CD2 and CD3 (combined mean age of 1612 ± 14 Ma) mark two stages of recrystallization of detrital monazite cores during prograde events. Rims of CD4 monazite (ages between 1615 ± 14 and 1586 ± 14 Ma) on partially to completely equilibrated cores indicate melt crystallization at, or immediately following, peak BM 1P metamorphism. CD5 monazite (age of 1574 ± 7 Ma) is restricted to the psammo-pelitic granulites, and marks final melt crystallization at the solidus during post-peak cooling (BM 1R stage, where R represents retrograde metamorphism). The metamorphic rim of CD6 monazite (age of 1539 ± 24 Ma) around partially resorbed CD5 domains is linked to the decomposition of BM 1 garnet during the terminal hydration event as part of a granulite-facies recrystallization event. Compositionally homogeneous monazite and rims of chemically zoned monazite grains in granite together record a magmatic crystallization age of 1604 ± 9 Ma. SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating of the psammo-pelitic granulite and garnetiferous granite indicates detrital or inherited cores of Paleo- to Neoarchean age (3584 ± 3 to 2530 ± 3 Ma), which have been variously recrystallized and overgrown by new zircon: (1) at 1658 ± 12 Ma; (2) between 1595 ± 5 and 1590 ± 6 Ma; (3) at 1574 ± 9 Ma. These zircon dates are correlated with the timing of the following: (1) the protoliths of precursor sediments of the metasedimentary granulites, deposited between 2530 and 1658 Ma; (2) a short-lived high-grade event ~65–70 Myr before the culmination of the BM 1 granulite-facies event; (3) a high- T anatectic event, corresponding to the peak BM 1P metamorphism at T Max 〉 900°C; (4) final crystallization of anatectic melt at the solidus (cf. BM 1R metamorphic stage). These chronological constraints from monazite and zircon, when integrated with the metamorphic reaction history and published geochronological data, allow recognition of three episodes of granulite-facies metamorphism in the CITZ at 1658 Ma (pre-BM 1 event), between 1612 and 1574 Ma (BM 1 event), and between 1572 and 1539 Ma (combined BM 2 and BM 3 events), as part of a latest Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenic event. This orogeny is linked to the growth of the Proto-Greater Indian Landmass.
    Print ISSN: 0022-3530
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2415
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2008-03-29
    Description: Schizophrenia is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder whose genetic influences remain elusive. We hypothesize that individually rare structural variants contribute to the illness. Microdeletions and microduplications 〉100 kilobases were identified by microarray comparative genomic hybridization of genomic DNA from 150 individuals with schizophrenia and 268 ancestry-matched controls. All variants were validated by high-resolution platforms. Novel deletions and duplications of genes were present in 5% of controls versus 15% of cases and 20% of young-onset cases, both highly significant differences. The association was independently replicated in patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia as compared with their parents. Mutations in cases disrupted genes disproportionately from signaling networks controlling neurodevelopment, including neuregulin and glutamate pathways. These results suggest that multiple, individually rare mutations altering genes in neurodevelopmental pathways contribute to schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, Tom -- McClellan, Jon M -- McCarthy, Shane E -- Addington, Anjene M -- Pierce, Sarah B -- Cooper, Greg M -- Nord, Alex S -- Kusenda, Mary -- Malhotra, Dheeraj -- Bhandari, Abhishek -- Stray, Sunday M -- Rippey, Caitlin F -- Roccanova, Patricia -- Makarov, Vlad -- Lakshmi, B -- Findling, Robert L -- Sikich, Linmarie -- Stromberg, Thomas -- Merriman, Barry -- Gogtay, Nitin -- Butler, Philip -- Eckstrand, Kristen -- Noory, Laila -- Gochman, Peter -- Long, Robert -- Chen, Zugen -- Davis, Sean -- Baker, Carl -- Eichler, Evan E -- Meltzer, Paul S -- Nelson, Stanley F -- Singleton, Andrew B -- Lee, Ming K -- Rapoport, Judith L -- King, Mary-Claire -- Sebat, Jonathan -- HD043569/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR000046/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- MH061355/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH061464/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH061528/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS052108/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD043569/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR000046/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR025014/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH061355/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH061464/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH061528/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U24 NS052108/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR025014/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Apr 25;320(5875):539-43. doi: 10.1126/science.1155174. Epub 2008 Mar 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18369103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age of Onset ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Brain/cytology/*growth & development/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Female ; *Gene Deletion ; *Gene Duplication ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Neurons/cytology/physiology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Receptor, ErbB-4 ; Schizophrenia/*genetics/physiopathology ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-02-25
    Description: Rare copy number variants (CNVs) have a prominent role in the aetiology of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Substantial risk for schizophrenia is conferred by large (〉500-kilobase) CNVs at several loci, including microdeletions at 1q21.1 (ref. 2), 3q29 (ref. 3), 15q13.3 (ref. 2) and 22q11.2 (ref. 4) and microduplication at 16p11.2 (ref. 5). However, these CNVs collectively account for a small fraction (2-4%) of cases, and the relevant genes and neurobiological mechanisms are not well understood. Here we performed a large two-stage genome-wide scan of rare CNVs and report the significant association of copy number gains at chromosome 7q36.3 with schizophrenia. Microduplications with variable breakpoints occurred within a 362-kilobase region and were detected in 29 of 8,290 (0.35%) patients versus 2 of 7,431 (0.03%) controls in the combined sample. All duplications overlapped or were located within 89 kilobases upstream of the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor gene VIPR2. VIPR2 transcription and cyclic-AMP signalling were significantly increased in cultured lymphocytes from patients with microduplications of 7q36.3. These findings implicate altered vasoactive intestinal peptide signalling in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and indicate the VPAC2 receptor as a potential target for the development of new antipsychotic drugs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3351382/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3351382/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vacic, Vladimir -- McCarthy, Shane -- Malhotra, Dheeraj -- Murray, Fiona -- Chou, Hsun-Hua -- Peoples, Aine -- Makarov, Vladimir -- Yoon, Seungtai -- Bhandari, Abhishek -- Corominas, Roser -- Iakoucheva, Lilia M -- Krastoshevsky, Olga -- Krause, Verena -- Larach-Walters, Veronica -- Welsh, David K -- Craig, David -- Kelsoe, John R -- Gershon, Elliot S -- Leal, Suzanne M -- Dell Aquila, Marie -- Morris, Derek W -- Gill, Michael -- Corvin, Aiden -- Insel, Paul A -- McClellan, Jon -- King, Mary-Claire -- Karayiorgou, Maria -- Levy, Deborah L -- DeLisi, Lynn E -- Sebat, Jonathan -- 072894/Z/03/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- GM66232/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG04222/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- MH044245/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH061399/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH071523/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH076431/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH082945/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH083989/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004222/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004222-04S1/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004222-04S2/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R00 HL091061/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH061399/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH076431/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH076431-06/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH082945/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH091350/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 24;471(7339):499-503. doi: 10.1038/nature09884. Epub 2011 Feb 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 12824, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21346763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; DNA Copy Number Variations/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Dosage/genetics ; Genes, Duplicate/*genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Inheritance Patterns/genetics ; Male ; Pedigree ; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II/*genetics/metabolism ; Reproducibility of Results ; Schizophrenia/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription, Genetic/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Keywords: 1β-Methylthienamycin ; Allylic hydroxylation. ; Carbapenem antibiotics ; Stereoselective hydroboration ; Stereospecific hydrogenation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 35 (1994), S. 4669-4672 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 34 (1993), S. 7085-7088 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 108 (1977), S. 735-741 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Reactions of Aluminium isopropoxide with monofunctional bidentateSchiff bases, such as salicylidene-o-toluidine, salicylidene-p-toluidine, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylmethylidene-p-toluidine and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylmethylidene-p-toluidine in different stoichiometric ratios have yielded products of the type Al(OPr i)2(SB), Al(OPr i)(SB)2, and Al(SB)3 (whereSB − is the anion of the correspondingSchiff base,SBH). Bifunctional tetradentateSchiff bases in 1∶1 and 2∶3 molar ratios [Al(OPr i)3:SBH2] yielded insoluble derivatives of the type Al(OPr i)SB and Al2(SB)3 (whereSB − represents the anion of theSchiff baseSBH2 andSBH2=bis-salicylaldehyde-o-phenylene-diamine or bis-salicylaldehyde-p-phenylenediamine). The newSchiff base derivatives have been characterized by elemental analyses, infrared spectroscopy and molecular weight determinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archiv der Mathematik 58 (1992), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1420-8938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 21 (1990), S. 163-166 
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Critical level of Zn ; alkaline soils ; Zn-deficiency ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field experiments were conducted at 32 locations, chosen for their wide range in DTPA extractable Zn, to determine the critical deficiency level of Zn for predicting response of wheat to Zn application. Soil application of 5.6 kg Zn ha−1 significantly increased the grain yield in deficient soils. Soil extractable Zn was significantly related with per cent grain response and absolute grain yield. Both the graphical and statistical methods of Cate and Nelson indicated the critical level to be 0.75 mg kg−1 soil of DTPA extractable Zn. This level gave a predictability value of 82 per cent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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