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Digitale Medien

Herzberg's two-factor theory of job attitudes: a critical evaluation and some fresh evidence (1970)

Wall, Toby D. ; Stephenson, Geoffrey M.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Industrial relations journal 1 (1970), S. 0

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ISSN: 1468-2338

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften

Notizen: This evaluation of Herzberg's theory of motivation discusses its ambiguities and the influence of the tendency for people to give “socially desirable” answers. Evidence from the authors' experiments suggests that the theory is untenable as a description of the structure of job attitudes and the determinants of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The authors acknowledge that a policy of job enrichment derived from the application of the theory would be likely to promote satisfaction and allay dissatisfaction. A concise summary of their analysis and conclusions is given at the end of the article.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.1970.tb00262.x

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2

Digitale Medien

Strength of case, communication systems, and the outcomes of simulated negotiations: some social psychological aspects of bargaining (1970)

Morley, E. ; Stephenson, Geoffrey M.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Industrial relations journal 1 (1970), S. 0

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ISSN: 1468-2338

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften

Notizen: Research into some of the social/psychological factors in union management negotiations at plant level indicate that the party with the stronger case is more likely to ‘win’ when negotiating conditions are de-personalised and formal.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.1970.tb00002.x

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3

Digitale Medien

Genetic and environmental effects on glucosinolate content and chemoprotective potency of broccoli (2004)

Farnham, M. W. ; Wilson, P. E. ; Stephenson, K. K. ; [weitere]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Notizen: Broccoli is well recognized as a source of glucosinolates and their isothiocyanate breakdown products. Glucoraphanin is one of the most abundant glucosinolates present in broccoli and its cognate isothiocyanate is sulphoraphane, a potent inducer of mammalian detoxication (phase 2) enzyme activity and anti-cancer agent. This study was designed to measure: glucosinolate levels in broccoli florets from an array of genotypes grown in several environments; the elevation of a key phase 2 enzyme, quinone reductase, in mammalian cells exposed to floret extracts; and total broccoli head content. There were significant environmental and genotype-by-environment effects on levels of glucoraphanin and quinone reductase induction potential of broccoli heads; however, the effect of genotype was greater than that of environmental factors. The relative rankings among genotypes for glucoraphanin and quinone reductase induction potential changed, when expressed on a per head basis, rather than on a concentration basis. Correlations of trait means in one environment vs. means from a second were stronger for glucoraphanin and quinone reductase induction potential on a per head basis than on a fresh weight concentration basis. Results of this study indicate that development of a broccoli phenotype with a dense head and a high concentration of glucoraphanin to deliver maximum chemoprotective potential (high enzyme induction potential/glucoraphanin content) is a feasible goal.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0179-9541.2003.00912.x

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Stratospheric memory and skill of extended-range weather forecasts (2003)

M. P. Baldwin ; D. B. Stephenson ; D. W. Thompson ; [weitere]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 301(5633): 636-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1087143.

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Publikationsdatum: 2003-08-02

Beschreibung: We use an empirical statistical model to demonstrate significant skill in making extended-range forecasts of the monthly-mean Arctic Oscillation (AO). Forecast skill derives from persistent circulation anomalies in the lowermost stratosphere and is greatest during boreal winter. A comparison to the Southern Hemisphere provides evidence that both the time scale and predictability of the AO depend on the presence of persistent circulation anomalies just above the tropopause. These circulation anomalies most likely affect the troposphere through changes to waves in the upper troposphere, which induce surface pressure changes that correspond to the AO.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baldwin, Mark P -- Stephenson, David B -- Thompson, David W J -- Dunkerton, Timothy J -- Charlton, Andrew J -- O'Neill, Alan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Aug 1;301(5633):636-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Northwest Research Associates, 14508 NE 20th Street, Bellevue, WA, 98007, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12893941" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Rise and fall of the Beringian steppe bison (2004)

B. Shapiro ; A. J. Drummond ; A. Rambaut ; [weitere]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 306(5701): 1561-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1101074.

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Publikationsdatum: 2004-11-30

Beschreibung: The widespread extinctions of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene epoch have often been attributed to the depredations of humans; here we present genetic evidence that questions this assumption. We used ancient DNA and Bayesian techniques to reconstruct a detailed genetic history of bison throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Our analyses depict a large diverse population living throughout Beringia until around 37,000 years before the present, when the population's genetic diversity began to decline dramatically. The timing of this decline correlates with environmental changes associated with the onset of the last glacial cycle, whereas archaeological evidence does not support the presence of large populations of humans in Eastern Beringia until more than 15,000 years later.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, Beth -- Drummond, Alexei J -- Rambaut, Andrew -- Wilson, Michael C -- Matheus, Paul E -- Sher, Andrei V -- Pybus, Oliver G -- Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Barnes, Ian -- Binladen, Jonas -- Willerslev, Eske -- Hansen, Anders J -- Baryshnikov, Gennady F -- Burns, James A -- Davydov, Sergei -- Driver, Jonathan C -- Froese, Duane G -- Harington, C Richard -- Keddie, Grant -- Kosintsev, Pavel -- Kunz, Michael L -- Martin, Larry D -- Stephenson, Robert O -- Storer, John -- Tedford, Richard -- Zimov, Sergei -- Cooper, Alan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Nov 26;306(5701):1561-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules Centre, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX13PS, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15567864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Schlagwort(e): Alaska ; Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; *Bison/classification/genetics ; Canada ; China ; *Climate ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Environment ; *Fossils ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Human Activities ; Humans ; North America ; Phylogeny ; Population Dynamics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Time

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Ferroelectricity in ultrathin perovskite films (2004)

D. D. Fong ; G. B. Stephenson ; S. K. Streiffer ; [weitere]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 304(5677): 1650-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1098252.

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Publikationsdatum: 2004-06-12

Beschreibung: Understanding the suppression of ferroelectricity in perovskite thin films is a fundamental issue that has remained unresolved for decades. We report a synchrotron x-ray study of lead titanate as a function of temperature and film thickness for films as thin as a single unit cell. At room temperature, the ferroelectric phase is stable for thicknesses down to 3 unit cells (1.2 nanometers). Our results imply that no thickness limit is imposed on practical devices by an intrinsic ferroelectric size effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fong, Dillon D -- Stephenson, G Brian -- Streiffer, Stephen K -- Eastman, Jeffrey A -- Auciello, Orlando -- Fuoss, Paul H -- Thompson, Carol -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jun 11;304(5677):1650-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15192223" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Intracellular acidosis enhances the excitability of working muscle (2004)

T. H. Pedersen ; O. B. Nielsen ; G. D. Lamb ; [weitere]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 305(5687): 1144-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1101141.

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Publikationsdatum: 2004-08-25

Beschreibung: Intracellular acidification of skeletal muscles is commonly thought to contribute to muscle fatigue. However, intracellular acidosis also acts to preserve muscle excitability when muscles become depolarized, which occurs with working muscles. Here, we show that this process may be mediated by decreased chloride permeability, which enables action potentials to still be propagated along the internal network of tubules in a muscle fiber (the T system) despite muscle depolarization. These results implicate chloride ion channels in muscle function and emphasize that intracellular acidosis of muscle has protective effects during muscle fatigue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, Thomas H -- Nielsen, Ole B -- Lamb, Graham D -- Stephenson, D George -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Aug 20;305(5687):1144-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15326352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Chloride Channels/*metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lactic Acid/metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscle Contraction ; *Muscle Fatigue ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism/*physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism/*physiology ; Permeability ; Potassium/metabolism ; Rats ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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