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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (352)
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  • 1
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    Memory suppressor genes: inhibitory constraints on the storage of long-term memory (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-02-07
    Description: Synaptic plasticity, the ability of neurons to alter the strength of their synaptic connections with activity and experience, is thought to play a critical role in memory storage. Molecular studies of gene expression during long-lasting synaptic plasticity related to memory storage initially focused on the identification of positive regulators. More recent work has revealed that the establishment of long-lasting synaptic plasticity and long-term memory also requires the removal of inhibitory constraints. By analogy to tumor suppressor genes, which restrain cell proliferation, we propose that these inhibitory constraints of memory storage, which restrain synapse growth, be termed memory suppressor genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abel, T -- Martin, K C -- Bartsch, D -- Kandel, E R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):338-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9454331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activating Transcription Factor 2 ; Animals ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/physiology ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/physiology ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; *Genes ; Memory/*physiology ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Neuronal Plasticity/*genetics ; *Repressor Proteins ; Synapses/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Building working cells 'in silico' (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 2;284(5411):80-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10215534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Physiological Phenomena ; *Computer Simulation ; *Genes ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Models, Biological ; Mycoplasma/*genetics/physiology ; Software
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Gene patents. Patent on HIV receptor provokes an outcry (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1375, 1377.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10722375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-HIV Agents ; Biotechnology/economics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Design ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; Receptors, CCR5/*genetics/physiology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    European science policy. France rebels against gene-patenting law (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-07-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10896574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Bioethics ; DNA/genetics ; European Union ; France ; *Genes ; Humans ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Asilomar revisited (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-04-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coulter, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 31;287(5462):2421-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766616" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bioethics ; *Biotechnology/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; *Ownership ; *Patents as Topic ; Risk
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Genes, genetics, and epigenetics: a correspondence (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-08-11
    Description: Over the past months, as this special issue took shape, the Editors of Science have monitored an exchange of seven letters initiated by three queries from M. Bacon. These queries concern the popular definitions of "genes," "genetics," and "epigenetics." Below, we reprint excerpts from these letters, referring interested readers to www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/293/5532/1103/DC1 for the complete text and additional references.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu Ct -- Morris, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1103-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11498582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dna ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; *Genetics ; Terminology as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Molecular architecture and evolution of a modular spider silk protein gene (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-26
    Description: Spider flagelliform silk is one of the most elastic natural materials known. Extensive sequencing of spider silk genes has shown that the exons and introns of the flagelliform gene underwent intragenic concerted evolution. The intron sequences are more homogenized within a species than are the exons. This pattern can be explained by extreme mutation and recombination pressures on the internally repetitive exons. The iterated sequences within exons encode protein structures that are critical to the function of silks. Therefore, attributes that make silks exceptional biomaterials may also hinder the fixation of optimally adapted protein sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayashi, C Y -- Lewis, R V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1477-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071-3944, USA. hayashi@uwyo.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10688794" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Crossing Over, Genetic ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Replication ; *Evolution, Molecular ; *Exons ; Gene Conversion ; *Genes ; *Introns ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selection, Genetic ; Species Specificity ; Spiders/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Behavioral genetics. Study suggests pitch perception is inherited (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Mar 9;291(5510):1879.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11245179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Pitch Discrimination ; *Pitch Perception ; Twin Studies as Topic ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Etymology of epigenetics (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubin, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2477-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11770516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; *Genetics ; Genotype ; Phenotype ; *Terminology as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Females pick good genes in frogs, flies (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-07-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jun 19;280(5371):1837-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9669933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*genetics/physiology ; Diptera/*genetics/physiology ; Eye/anatomy & histology ; Female ; *Genes ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Vocalization, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    The genetic program of hematopoietic stem cells (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-06-02
    Description: Blood cell production originates from a rare population of multipotent, self-renewing stem cells. A genome-wide gene expression analysis was performed in order to define regulatory pathways in stem cells as well as their global genetic program. Subtracted complementary DNA libraries from highly purified murine fetal liver stem cells were analyzed with bioinformatic and array hybridization strategies. A large percentage of the several thousand gene products that have been characterized correspond to previously undescribed molecules with properties suggestive of regulatory functions. The complete data, available in a biological process-oriented database, represent the molecular phenotype of the hematopoietic stem cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Phillips, R L -- Ernst, R E -- Brunk, B -- Ivanova, N -- Mahan, M A -- Deanehan, J K -- Moore, K A -- Overton, G C -- Lemischka, I R -- R01-DK42989/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01-RR04026/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 2;288(5471):1635-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10834841" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Computational Biology ; Databases, Factual ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Library ; *Genes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/chemistry/cytology/*physiology ; Liver/cytology/embryology ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Human DNA repair genes (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-22
    Description: Cellular DNA is subjected to continual attack, both by reactive species inside cells and by environmental agents. Toxic and mutagenic consequences are minimized by distinct pathways of repair, and 130 known human DNA repair genes are described here. Notable features presently include four enzymes that can remove uracil from DNA, seven recombination genes related to RAD51, and many recently discovered DNA polymerases that bypass damage, but only one system to remove the main DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet light. More human DNA repair genes will be found by comparison with model organisms and as common folds in three-dimensional protein structures are determined. Modulation of DNA repair should lead to clinical applications including improvement of radiotherapy and treatment with anticancer drugs and an advanced understanding of the cellular aging process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wood, R D -- Mitchell, M -- Sgouros, J -- Lindahl, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 16;291(5507):1284-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Herts EN6 3LD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11181991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics/metabolism ; Databases, Factual ; Deoxyribonucleases/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases/genetics/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rad51 Recombinase ; Recombination, Genetic ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Genetics. First gene linked to speech identified (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-10-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Oct 5;294(5540):32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11588230" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Caudate Nucleus/pathology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; *Genes ; Humans ; Language Disorders/genetics/pathology ; Motor Activity/genetics ; Point Mutation ; Primates/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/*genetics ; *Speech ; Speech Disorders/*genetics/pathology ; *Transcription Factors ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Evolutionary biology. Evo-devo enthusiasts get down to details (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 1;298(5595):953-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Butterflies/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; Caenorhabditis/anatomy & histology/genetics/physiology ; Cell Lineage ; *Developmental Biology ; Eye/anatomy & histology ; Female ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; *Genes ; Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Variation ; Male ; Mutation ; Selection, Genetic ; Sex Determination Processes ; Species Specificity ; Stomatognathic System/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Molecular genetics. Spider genes reveal flexible design (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1378.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10722376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; DNA/chemistry/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Exons ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; *Introns ; Mutation ; Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Spiders/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Molecular biology and evolution. Can genes explain biological complexity? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Szathmary, E -- Jordan, F -- Pal, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 18;292(5520):1315-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Collegium Budapest (Institute for Advanced Study), 2 Szentharomsag u., H-1014 Budapest, Hungary. szathmary@colbud.hu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11360989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cell Differentiation ; Computational Biology ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Plants/genetics/metabolism ; Proteome ; Transcription Factors/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 17
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    Genetic correlates of musical pitch recognition in humans (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-10
    Description: We used a twin study to investigate the genetic and environmental contributions to differences in musical pitch perception abilities in humans. We administered a Distorted Tunes Test (DTT), which requires subjects to judge whether simple popular melodies contain notes with incorrect pitch, to 136 monozygotic twin pairs and 148 dizygotic twin pairs. The correlation of DTT scores between twins was estimated at 0.67 for monozygotic pairs and 0.44 for dizygotic pairs. Genetic model-fitting techniques supported an additive genetic model, with heritability estimated at 0.71 to 0.80, depending on how subjects were categorized, and with no effect of shared environment. DTT scores were only weakly correlated with measures of peripheral hearing. This suggests that variation in musical pitch recognition is primarily due to highly heritable differences in auditory functions not tested by conventional audiologic methods.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drayna, D -- Manichaikul, A -- de Lange , M -- Snieder, H -- Spector, T -- Z01-DC-00043-03/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Mar 9;291(5510):1969-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, 5 Research Court, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11239158" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Environment ; Female ; *Genes ; Hearing ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Models, Genetic ; Models, Statistical ; *Pitch Perception ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
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  • 18
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    Gene number. What if there are only 30,000 human genes? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Claverie, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 16;291(5507):1255-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Structural & Genetic Information Laboratory, CNRS-AVENTIS UMR 1889 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402, Marseille, France. Jean-Michel.Claverie@igs.cnrs-mrs.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11233450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Computational Biology ; Drug Industry ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Genetic Techniques ; *Genome, Human ; *Genomics ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Models, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proteins/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 19
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    Will a smaller genome complicate the patent chase? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 16;291(5507):1194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11233435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Europe ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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    Genetics. Rethinking behavior genetics (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamer, Dean -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):71-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. hamerd@dc37a.nci.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364769" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antisocial Personality Disorder/genetics ; *Behavior ; Brain/*physiology ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Child ; Child Abuse ; Fear ; *Gene Expression ; *Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Variation ; *Genetics, Behavioral ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Mental Disorders/genetics ; Monoamine Oxidase/genetics ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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    The search for human obesity genes (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-20
    Description: Understanding of the genetic influences on obesity has increased at a tremendous rate in recent years. By some estimates, 40 to 70 percent of the variation in obesity-related phenotypes in humans is heritable. Although several single-gene mutations have been shown to cause obesity in animal models, the situation in humans is considerably more complex. The most common forms of human obesity arise from the interactions of multiple genes, environmental factors, and behavior, and this complex etiology makes the search for obesity genes especially challenging. This article discusses the strategies currently being used to search for human obesity genes and recent promising results from these efforts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Comuzzie, A G -- Allison, D B -- DK47256/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- HL28972/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL45522/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 May 29;280(5368):1374-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA. agcom@darwin.sfbr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Ethnic Groups ; *Genes ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Techniques ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Mutation ; Obesity/*genetics ; Phenotype ; Sampling Studies
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    Biomedical patents. Patent office may raise the bar on gene claims (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 18;287(5456):1196-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10712148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Dna ; Databases, Factual ; *Expressed Sequence Tags ; Federal Government ; *Genes ; Genetic Research ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Patents as Topic ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; United States
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    Human Genome Project. And the gene number is...? (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-06-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 19;288(5469):1146-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10841722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics ; Drosophila/genetics ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Fishes/genetics ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans
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    Proteomics. Gene and protein patents get ready to go head to head (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 7;294(5549):2082-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11739934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Drug Industry ; *Genes ; Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; *Proteins ; *Proteome ; RNA Splicing
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    Your complete Web guide to tumors (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrenstein, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Aug 8;277(5327):762.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9273696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Computer Communication Networks ; *Databases, Factual ; *Genes ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; National Library of Medicine (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Watson may head genome office (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):878-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3363368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Administrative Personnel ; *Base Sequence ; *Chromosomes, Human ; *Genes ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Research Support as Topic/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Cloning of a lymphoid-specific cDNA encoding a protein binding the regulatory octamer DNA motif (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: An octamer DNA sequence plays a critical role in directing transcription of immunoglobulin genes in B lymphocytes. A new technique of direct binding of radioactive DNA was used to screen a complementary DNA expression library from the BJAB cell line in lambda gt11 phage to derive molecular cDNA clones representing a putative B lymphocyte-specific octamer binding protein. The plaques were screened with DNA containing four copies of the octamer sequence and positive phage recombinants were identified. The fusion protein produced on inducing a lysogen of one phage bound to a monomeric octamer probe. The cDNA insert from this phage hybridized to messenger RNA found in B lymphocytes, but not in most other cells. Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct-2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell-specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Staudt, L M -- Clerc, R G -- Singh, H -- LeBowitz, J H -- Sharp, P A -- Baltimore, D -- P01-CA42063/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CAL4051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):577-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3399892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*physiology
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    Functional expression of a new pharmacological subtype of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-15
    Description: A new type of agonist-binding subunit of rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) was identified. Rat genomic DNA and complementary DNA encoding this subunit (alpha 2) were cloned and analyzed. Complementary DNA expression studies in Xenopus oocytes revealed that the injection of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for alpha 2 and beta 2 (a neuronal nAChR subunit) led to the generation of a functional nAChR. In contrast to the other known neuronal nAChRs, the receptor produced by the injection of alpha 2 and beta 2 mRNAs was resistant to the alpha-neurotoxin Bgt3.1. In situ hybridization histochemistry showed that alpha 2 mRNA was expressed in a small number of regions, in contrast to the wide distribution of the other known agonist-binding subunits (alpha 3 and alpha 4) mRNAs. These results demonstrate that the alpha 2 subunit differs from other known agonist-binding alpha-subunits of nAChRs in its distribution in the brain and in its pharmacology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wada, K -- Ballivet, M -- Boulter, J -- Connolly, J -- Wada, E -- Deneris, E S -- Swanson, L W -- Heinemann, S -- Patrick, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):330-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA 92138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2832952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Female ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons/metabolism ; Nucleotide Mapping ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus laevis
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    Mitochondrial DNA mutation associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-09
    Description: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy is a maternally inherited disease resulting in optic nerve degeneration and cardiac dysrhythmia. A mitochondrial DNA replacement mutation was identified that correlated with this disease in multiple families. This mutation converted a highly conserved arginine to a histidine at codon 340 in the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene and eliminated an Sfa NI site, thus providing a simple diagnostic test. This finding demonstrated that a nucleotide change in a mitochondrial DNA energy production gene can result in a neurological disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallace, D C -- Singh, G -- Lott, M T -- Hodge, J A -- Schurr, T G -- Lezza, A M -- Elsas, L J 2nd -- Nikoskelainen, E K -- NS21328/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 9;242(4884):1427-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3201231" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group ; Animals ; Arginine ; Cytochrome Reductases/*genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; *Genes ; Georgia ; Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy/*genetics ; Histidine ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Male ; *Mutation ; NADH Dehydrogenase/*genetics ; Optic Atrophies, Hereditary/*genetics ; Pedigree ; Reference Values
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    Polymerase chain reaction with single-sided specificity: analysis of T cell receptor delta chain (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: In the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), two specific oligonucleotide primers are used to amplify the sequences between them. However, this technique is not suitable for amplifying genes that encode molecules where the 5' portion of the sequences of interest is not known, such as the T cell receptor (TCR) or immunoglobulins. Because of this limitation, a novel technique, anchored polymerase chain reaction (A-PCR), was devised that requires sequence specificity only on the 3' end of the target fragment. It was used to analyze TCR delta chain mRNA's from human peripheral blood gamma delta T cells. Most of these cells had a V delta gene segment not previously described (V delta 3), and the delta chain junctional sequences formed a discrete subpopulation compared with those previously reported.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loh, E Y -- Elliott, J F -- Cwirla, S -- Lanier, L L -- Davis, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):217-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2463672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Gene Amplification ; *Genes ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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    Correct folding of circularly permuted variants of a beta alpha barrel enzyme in vivo (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: An important question in protein folding is whether the natural amino and carboxyl termini and the given order of secondary structure segments are critical to the stability and to the folding pathway of proteins. Here it is shown that two circularly permuted versions of the gene of a single-domain beta alpha barrel enzyme can be expressed in Escherichia coli. The variants are enzymically active and are practically indistinguishable from the original enzyme by several structural and spectroscopic criteria, despite the creation of new termini and the cleavage of a surface loop. This novel genetic approach should be useful for protein folding studies both in vitro and in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luger, K -- Hommel, U -- Herold, M -- Hofsteenge, J -- Kirschner, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):206-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Abteilung Biophysikalische Chemie, Universitat Basel, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2643160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aldose-Ketose Isomerases ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Carbohydrate Epimerases/*genetics/metabolism ; Circular Dichroism ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme Stability ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology/genetics ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Protein Conformation ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
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    Call duration as an indicator of genetic quality in male gray tree frogs (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-25
    Description: The "good genes" hypothesis predicts that mating preferences enable females to select mates of superior genetic quality. The genetic consequences of the preference shown by female gray tree frogs for long-duration calls were evaluated by comparing the performance of maternal half-siblings sired by males with different call durations. Offspring of male gray tree frogs that produced long calls showed better performance during larval and juvenile stages than did offspring of males that produced short calls. These data suggest that call duration can function as a reliable indicator of heritable genetic quality.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Welch, A M -- Semlitsch, R D -- Gerhardt, H C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jun 19;280(5371):1928-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. awelch@biosci.mbp.missouri.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9632389" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*genetics/physiology ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; *Genes ; Male ; Phenotype ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Vocalization, Animal
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    Genetic evolution of morphology (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newman, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Oct 3;278(5335):20-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9340747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Candida albicans/cytology/genetics ; *Genes ; Morphogenesis ; Urochordata/embryology/genetics ; Vertebrates/anatomy & histology/genetics
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  • 34
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    Expression and characterization of a functional myosin head fragment in Dictyostelium discoideum (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: The isolated head fragment of myosin is a motor protein that is able to use energy liberated from the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate to cause sliding movement of actin filaments. Expression of a myosin fragment nearly equivalent to the amino-terminal globular head domain, generally referred to as subfragment 1, has been achieved by transforming the eukaryotic organism Dictyostelium discoideum with a plasmid that carries a 2.6-kilobase fragment of the cloned Dictyostelium myosin heavy chain gene under the control of the Dictyostelium actin-15 promoter. The recombinant fragment of the myosin heavy chain was purified 2400-fold from one of the resulting cell lines and was found to be functional by the following criteria: the myosin head fragment copurified with the essential and regulatory myosin light chains, decorated actin filaments, and displayed actin-activated adenosine triphosphatase activity. In addition, motility assays in vitro showed that the recombinant myosin fragment is capable of supporting sliding movement of actin filaments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Manstein, D J -- Ruppel, K M -- Spudich, J A -- GM 33289/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):656-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2530629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dictyostelium/*genetics ; *Gene Expression ; *Genes ; Genetic Vectors ; Molecular Weight ; Myosin Subfragments/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Myosins/genetics/metabolism ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
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    Human diabetes associated with a mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-07
    Description: Insulin receptor complementary DNA has been cloned from an insulin-resistant individual whose receptors have impaired tyrosine protein kinase activity. One of this individual's alleles has a mutation in which valine is substituted for Gly996, the third glycine in the conserved Gly-X-Gly-X-X-Gly motif in the putative binding site fo adenosine triphosphate. Expression of the mutant receptor by transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells confirmed that the mutation impairs tyrosine kinase activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Odawara, M -- Kadowaki, T -- Yamamoto, R -- Shibasaki, Y -- Tobe, K -- Accili, D -- Bevins, C -- Mikami, Y -- Matsuura, N -- Akanuma, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 7;245(4913):66-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2544998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics ; Receptor, Insulin/*genetics
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    Mapping the Drosophila genome with yeast artificial chromosomes (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: The ability to clone large fragments of DNA in yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC's) has created the possibility of obtaining global physical maps of complex genomes. For this application to be feasible, most sequences in complex genomes must be able to be cloned in YAC's, and most clones must be genetically stable and colinear with the genomic sequences from which they originated (that is, not liable to undergo rearrangement). These requirements have been met with a YAC library containing DNA fragments from Drosophila melanogaster ranging in size up to several hundred kilobase pairs. Preliminary characterization of the Drosophila YAC library was carried out by in situ hybridization of random clones and analysis of clones containing known sequences. The results suggest that most euchromatic sequences can be cloned. The library also contains clones in which the inserted DNA is derived from the centromeric heterochromatin. The locations of 58 clones collectively representing about 8 percent of the euchromatic genome are presented.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garza, D -- Ajioka, J W -- Burke, D T -- Hartl, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):641-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1095.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Fungal ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; *Genes ; Genomic Library ; Heterochromatin/analysis ; Recombination, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Salivary Glands/cytology
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    The CF gene hits the news (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):924.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Mass Media ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 38
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    A protein that binds to a cis-acting element of wheat histone genes has a leucine zipper motif (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: The structure and function of transcription factors of higher plants was studied by isolating cDNA clones encoding a wheat sequence-specific DNA binding protein. A hexameric nucleotide motif, ACGTCA, is located upstream from the TATA box of several plant histone genes. It has been suggested that this motif is essential for efficient transcription of the wheat histone H3 gene. A wheat nuclear protein, HBP-1 (histone DNA binding protein-1), which specifically binds to the hexameric motif, has previously been identified as a putative transcription factor. A cDNA clone encoding HBP-1 has been isolated on the basis of specific binding of HBP-1 to the hexameric motif. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that HBP-1 contains the leucine zipper motif, which represents a characteristic property of several eukaryotic transcription factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tabata, T -- Takase, H -- Takayama, S -- Mikami, K -- Nakatsuka, A -- Kawata, T -- Nakayama, T -- Iwabuchi, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):965-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; *Genes ; Genes, Regulator ; Histones/*genetics ; Information Systems ; *Leucine ; Methylation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plants/*genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Triticum/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 39
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    Xotch, the Xenopus homolog of Drosophila notch (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-09-21
    Description: During the development of a vertebrate embryo, cell fate is determined by inductive signals passing between neighboring tissues. Such determinative interactions have been difficult to characterize fully without knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved. Mutations of Drosophila and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have been isolated that define a family of related gene products involved in similar types of cellular inductions. One of these genes, the Notch gene from Drosophila, is involved with cell fate choices in the neurogenic region of the blastoderm, in the developing nervous system, and in the eye-antennal imaginal disc. Complementary DNA clones were isolated from Xenopus embryos with Notch DNA in order to investigate whether cell-cell interactions in vertebrate embryos also depend on Notch-like molecules. This approach identified a Xenopus molecule, Xotch, which is remarkably similar to Drosophila Notch in both structure and developmental expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coffman, C -- Harris, W -- Kintner, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Sep 21;249(4975):1438-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, La Jolla 92093.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2402639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Drosophila/*genetics ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nervous System/embryology ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Xenopus/*genetics
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  • 40
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    Direct molecular identification of the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutation by genome scanning (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-04-26
    Description: DNA sequences associated with the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutation were identified in the absence of closely linked molecular markers and without prior knowledge of the encoded gene product. This was accomplished by "genome scanning," a technique in which high-resolution Southern blots of genomic DNAs were hybridized to a dispersed and moderately repetitive DNA sequence. In this assay, pink-eyed unstable DNA was distinguished from the DNA of wild-type and revertant mice by enhanced hybridization to one of several hundred resolved fragments. The fragment showing enhanced hybridization in pink-eyed unstable DNA was cloned and found to lie within a DNA duplication that is located close to, or within, the pink-eyed dilution locus. The duplication associated with the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutation may mediate the high reversion frequency characteristic of this mutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brilliant, M H -- Gondo, Y -- Eicher, E M -- CA06927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM43840/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR05529/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Apr 26;252(5005):566-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1673574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Blotting, Southern/methods ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; Eye Color/*genetics ; *Genes ; Homozygote ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; *Mutation ; Restriction Mapping ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 41
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    GRAIL seeks out genes buried in DNA sequence (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):805.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Artificial Intelligence ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Software
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 42
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    The promiscuous boy-next-door (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 20;253(5026):1353.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes ; Humans ; *Intelligence
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 43
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    Genes, patents, and product development (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-14
    Description: In the past year, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has filed patent applications on more than 2750 partial complementary DNA sequences of unknown function. The rationale for the filings--that patent protection may be necessary to ensure that private firms are willing to invest in developing related products--rests on two premises: first, that NIH may obtain patent rights that will offer effective product monopolies to licensee firms, and second, that unless NIH obtains these rights now, firms will be unable to obtain a comparable degree of exclusivity by other means, such as by obtaining patents on their own subsequent innovations. Neither premise is clearly wrong, although both are subject to doubt in view of statements from industry representatives that the NIH patenting strategy will deter rather than promote product development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eisenberg, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):903-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1502556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research ; Biotechnology ; DNA/*genetics ; *Federal Government ; *Genes ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Sexually antagonistic genes: experimental evidence (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1992-06-05
    Description: When selection differs between the sexes, a mutation beneficial to one sex may be harmful to the other (sexually antagonistic). Because the sexes share a common gene pool, selection in one sex can interfere with the other's adaptive evolution. Theory predicts that sexually antagonistic mutations should accumulate in tight linkage with a new sex-determining gene, even when the harm to benefit ratio is high. Genetic markers and artificial selection were used to make a pair of autosomal genes segregate like a new pair of sex-determining genes in a Drosophila melanogaster model system. A 29-generation study provides experimental evidence that sexually antagonistic genes may be common in nature and will accumulate in response to a new sex-determining gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rice, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1436-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Board of Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1604317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Eye Color/genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Male ; Phenotype ; *Recombination, Genetic ; *Selection, Genetic ; *Sex Ratio
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  • 45
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    Molecular cloning of the thyrotropin receptor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: The pituitary hormone thyrotropin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the main physiological agent that regulates the thyroid gland. The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) was cloned by selective amplification with the polymerase chain reaction of DNA segments presenting sequence similarity with genes for G protein-coupled receptors. Out of 11 new putative receptor clones obtained from genomic DNA, one had sequence characteristics different from all the others. Although this clone did not hybridize to thyroid transcripts, screening of a dog thyroid complementary DNA (cDNA) library at moderate stringency identified a cDNA encoding a 4.9-kilobase thyroid-specific transcript. The polypeptide encoded by this thyroid-specific transcript consisted of a 398-amino acid residue amino-terminal segment, constituting a putative extracellular domain, connected to a 346-residue carboxyl-terminal domain that contained seven putative transmembrane segments. Expression of the cDNA conferred TSH responsiveness to Xenopus oocytes and Y1 cells and a TSH binding phenotype to COS cells. The TSHR and the receptor for luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotropin constitute a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors with distinct sequence characteristics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parmentier, M -- Libert, F -- Maenhaut, C -- Lefort, A -- Gerard, C -- Perret, J -- Van Sande, J -- Dumont, J E -- Vassart, G -- R01-DK21732/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1620-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Cyclic AMP ; Dogs ; Female ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Thyrotropin/*genetics ; Thyrotropin/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus
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  • 46
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    Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: cloning and characterization of complementary DNA (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-08
    Description: Overlapping complementary DNA clones were isolated from epithelial cell libraries with a genomic DNA segment containing a portion of the putative cystic fibrosis (CF) locus, which is on chromosome 7. Transcripts, approximately 6500 nucleotides in size, were detectable in the tissues affected in patients with CF. The predicted protein consists of two similar motifs, each with (i) a domain having properties consistent with membrane association and (ii) a domain believed to be involved in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) binding. A deletion of three base pairs that results in the omission of a phenylalanine residue at the center of the first predicted nucleotide-binding domain was detected in CF patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riordan, J R -- Rommens, J M -- Kerem, B -- Alon, N -- Rozmahel, R -- Grzelczak, Z -- Zielenski, J -- Lok, S -- Plavsic, N -- Chou, J L -- DK34944/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK39690/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 8;245(4922):1066-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2475911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Biological Transport ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; DNA/*isolation & purification ; *Genes ; *Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Ion Channels/pathology ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptides/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Genome project under way, at last (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):167-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human ; *Genes ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 48
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    Circumsporozoite protein heterogeneity in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: Phenotypic heterogeneity in the repetitive portion of a human malaria circumsporozoite (CS) protein, a major target of candidate vaccines, has been found. Over 14% of clinical cases of uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria at two sites in western Thailand produced sporozoites immunologically distinct from previously characterized examples of the species. Monoclonal antibodies to the CS protein of other P. vivax isolates and to other species of human and simian malarias did not bind to these nonreactive sporozoites, nor did antibodies from monkeys immunized with a candidate vaccine made from the repeat portion of a New World CS protein. The section of the CS protein gene between the conserved regions I and II of a nonreactive isolate contained a nonapeptide repeat, Ala-Asn-Gly-Ala-Gly-Asn-Gln-Pro-Gly, identical at only three amino acid positions with published nonapeptide sequences. This heterogeneity implies that a P. vivax vaccine based on the CS protein repeat of one isolate will not be universally protective.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, R -- Wirtz, R A -- Lanar, D E -- Sattabongkot, J -- Hall, T -- Waters, A P -- Prasittisuk, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):973-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2672336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Gene Amplification ; *Genes ; Humans ; Malaria/parasitology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Plasmodium vivax/*genetics/growth & development ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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  • 49
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    High-level recombinant gene expression in rabbit endothelial cells transduced by retroviral vectors (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: By virtue of its immediate contact with the circulating blood, the endothelium provides an attractive target for retroviral vector transduction for the purpose of gene therapy. To see whether efficient gene transfer and expression was feasible, rabbit aortic endothelial cells were infected with three Moloney murine leukemia virus-derived retroviral vectors. Two of these vectors carry genes encoding products that are not secreted: N2, containing only the selectable marker gene neoR, and SAX, containing both neoR gene and an SV40-promoted adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene. The third vector, G2N, contains a secretory rat growth hormone (rGH) gene and an SV40-promoted neoR gene. Infection with all three vectors resulted in expression of the respective genes. A high level of human ADA expression was observed in infected endothelial cell populations both before and after selection in G418. G2N-infected rabbit aortic endothelial cells that were grown on a synthetic vascular graft continued to secrete rGH into the culture medium. These studies suggest that endothelial cells may serve as vehicles for the introduction in vivo of functioning recombinant genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zwiebel, J A -- Freeman, S M -- Kantoff, P W -- Cornetta, K -- Ryan, U S -- Anderson, W F -- HL21568/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL33064/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):220-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Deaminase/analysis/genetics ; Animals ; Aorta ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/*metabolism ; *Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Markers/analysis ; *Genetic Vectors ; Growth Hormone/analysis/genetics ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins/analysis ; *Transduction, Genetic ; *Transfection
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  • 50
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    Identification of mutations in the COL4A5 collagen gene in Alport syndrome (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-06-08
    Description: X-linked Alport syndrome is a hereditary glomerulonephritis in which progressive loss of kidney function is often accompanied by progressive loss of hearing. Ultrastructural defects in glomerular basement membranes (GBM) of Alport syndrome patients implicate an altered structural protein as the cause of nephritis. The product of COL4A5, the alpha 5(IV) collagen chain, is a specific component of GBM within the kidney, and the gene maps to the same X chromosomal region as does Alport syndrome. Three structural aberrations were found in COL4A5, in intragenic deletion, a Pst I site variant, and an uncharacterized abnormality, which appear to cause nephritis and deafness, with allele-specific severity, in three Alport syndrome kindreds in Utah.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barker, D F -- Hostikka, S L -- Zhou, J -- Chow, L T -- Oliphant, A R -- Gerken, S C -- Gregory, M C -- Skolnick, M H -- Atkin, C L -- Tryggvason, K -- DK 36200/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 39497/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR 00064/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jun 8;248(4960):1224-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2349482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blotting, Southern ; Cloning, Molecular ; Collagen/*genetics ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; Exons ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; *Mutation ; Nephritis, Hereditary/*genetics ; Pedigree ; Restriction Mapping ; X Chromosome
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  • 51
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    Interphase and metaphase resolution of different distances within the human dystrophin gene (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-08-24
    Description: Fluorescence in situ hybridization makes possible direct visualization of single sequences not only on chromosomes, but within decondensed interphase nuclei, providing a potentially powerful approach for high-resolution (1 Mb and below) gene mapping and the analysis of nuclear organization. Interphase mapping was able to extend the ability to resolve and order sequences up to two orders of magnitude beyond localization on banded or unbanded chromosomes. Sequences within the human dystrophin gene separated by less than 100 kb to 1 Mb were visually resolved at interphase by means of standard microscopy. In contrast, distances in the 1-Mb range could not be ordered on the metaphase chromosome length. Analysis of sequences 100 kb to 1 Mb apart indicates a strong correlation between interphase distance and linear DNA distance, which could facilitate a variety of gene-mapping efforts. Results estimate chromatin condensation up to 1 Mb and indicate a comparable condensation for different cell types prepared by different techniques.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawrence, J B -- Singer, R H -- McNeil, J A -- HD 18066/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HG 00251/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Aug 24;249(4971):928-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2203143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Probes ; Dystrophin ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; *Genes ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Interphase ; Metaphase ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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    Down to the wire for the NF gene (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jul 20;249(4966):236-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2115688" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Mutation ; Neurofibromatosis 1/*genetics ; Suppression, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 53
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    Regulation of a segmentation stripe by overlapping activators and repressors in the Drosophila embryo (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-29
    Description: Gene expression stripes in Drosophila melanogaster embryos provide a model for how eukaryotic promoters are turned on and off in response to combinations of transcriptional regulators. Genetic studies suggested that even-skipped (eve) stripe 2 is controlled by three gap genes, hunchback (hb), Kruppel (Kr), and giant (gt), and by the maternal morphogen bicoid (bcd). A direct link is established between binding sites for these regulatory proteins in the stripe 2 promoter element and the expression of the stripe during early embryogenesis. The bcd and hb protein binding sites mediate activation, whereas neighboring gt and Kr protein sites repress expression and establish the stripe borders. The stripe 2 element has the properties of a genetic on-off switch.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stanojevic, D -- Small, S -- Levine, M -- GM 34431/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 29;254(5036):1385-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Fairchild Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1683715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Deletion ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/*genetics ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Genes, Homeobox ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphogenesis ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Fragile X gene (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hecht, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 27;253(5027):1467.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Fragile X Syndrome/*genetics ; *Genes ; *Human Genome Project ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Of genes and genomes (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-10-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hillis, D M -- Bull, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 25;254(5031):528.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Genes ; *Genome ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics ; *Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Selfish genes (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bull, J J -- Molineux, I J -- Werren, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 3;256(5053):65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1566058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Heterozygote ; Male ; Mice
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Isolation of a novel receptor cDNA establishes the existence of two PDGF receptor genes (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-10
    Description: A genomic sequence and cloned complementary DNA has been identified for a novel receptor-like gene of the PDGF receptor/CSF1 receptor subfamily (platelet-derived growth factor receptor/colony-stimulating factor type 1 receptor). The gene recognized a 6.4-kilobase transcript that was coexpressed in normal human tissues with the 5.3-kilobase PDGF receptor messenger RNA. Introduction of complementary DNA of the novel gene into COS-1 cells led to expression of proteins that were specifically detected with antiserum directed against a predicted peptide. When the new gene was transfected into COS-1 cells, a characteristic pattern of binding of the PDGF isoforms was observed, which was different from the pattern observed with the known PDGF receptor. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor in response to the PDGF isoforms was also different from the known receptor. The new PDGF receptor gene was localized to chromosome 4q11-4q12. The existence of genes encoding two PDGF receptors that interact in a distinct manner with three different PDGF isoforms likely confers considerable regulatory flexibility in the functional responses to PDGF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsui, T -- Heidaran, M -- Miki, T -- Popescu, N -- La Rochelle, W -- Kraus, M -- Pierce, J -- Aaronson, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):800-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2536956" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*physiology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Tissue Distribution
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    Chromosome mapping and expression of a putative testis-determining gene in mouse (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-06
    Description: Isolation and mapping of a mouse complementary DNA sequence (mouse Y-finger) encoding a multiple, potential zinc-binding, finger protein homologous to the candidate human testis-determining factor gene is reported. Four similar sequences were identified in Hind III-digested mouse genomic DNA. Two (7.2 and 2.0 kb) were mapped to the Y chromosome. Only the 2.0-kb fragment, however, was correlated with testis determination. Polymerase chain reaction analysis suggests both Y loci are transcribed in adult testes. A 3.6-kb fragment was mapped to the X chromosome between the T16H and T6R1 translocation breakpoints, and a fourth (6.0 kb) was mapped to chromosome 10. Hence, mYfin sequences have been duplicated several times in the mouse, although they are not duplicated in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nagamine, C M -- Chan, K M -- Kozak, C A -- Lau, Y F -- N01-CB-25584/CB/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2563174" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; *Genes ; Male ; Metalloproteins/genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; Testis/*anatomy & histology ; *Transcription, Genetic ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome
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    The cystic fibrosis gene is found (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):923-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; Humans
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    Human diabetes associated with a deletion of the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-07
    Description: The insulin receptor has an intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity that is essential for signal transduction. A mutant insulin receptor gene lacking almost the entire kinase domain has been identified in an individual with type A insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans. Insulin binding to the erythrocytes or cultured fibroblasts from this individual was normal. However receptor autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity toward an exogenous substrate were reduced in partially purified insulin receptors from the proband's lymphocytes that had been transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. The insulin resistance associated with this mutated gene was inherited by the proband from her mother as an apparently autosomal dominant trait. Thus a deletion in one allele of the insulin receptor gene may be at least partly responsible for some instances of insulin-resistant diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taira, M -- Hashimoto, N -- Shimada, F -- Suzuki, Y -- Kanatsuka, A -- Nakamura, F -- Ebina, Y -- Tatibana, M -- Makino, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 7;245(4913):63-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Second Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, Inohana, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2544997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Deletion ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/enzymology/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics ; Receptor, Insulin/*genetics ; Restriction Mapping
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    Regulation of proenkephalin by Fos and Jun (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: Fos and Jun form a heterodimeric complex that associates with the nucleotide sequence motif known as the AP-1 binding site. Although this complex has been proposed to function as a transcriptional regulator in neurons, no specific target gene has yet been identified. Proenkephalin mRNA increased in the hippocampus during seizure just after an increase in c-fos and c-jun expression was detected. Fos-Jun complexes bound specifically to a regulatory sequence in the 5' control region of the proenkephalin gene. Furthermore, c-fos and c-jun stimulated transcription from this control region synergistically in transactivation assays. These data suggest that the proenkephalin gene may be a physiological target for Fos and Jun in the hippocampus and indicate that these proto-oncogene transcription factors may play a role in neuronal responses to stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sonnenberg, J L -- Rauscher, F J 3rd -- Morgan, J I -- Curran, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Oncology, Molecular Biology, Roche Research Center, Nutley, NJ 07110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2512642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Enkephalins/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Teratoma ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Similarities in amino acid sequences of Drosophila eag and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guy, H R -- Durell, S R -- Warmke, J -- Drysdale, R -- Ganetzky, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 1;254(5032):730.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1658932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cyclic GMP/*physiology ; Drosophila/*genetics ; *Genes ; Ion Channel Gating ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Potassium Channels/*genetics/physiology ; Protein Kinases/*genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    Exons as microgenes? (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidel, H M -- Pompliano, D L -- Knowles, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 11;257(5076):1489-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1523407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Codon/genetics ; *Exons ; *Genes ; Introns ; Isomerases/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Phosphotransferases (Phosphomutases) ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Tetrahymena/enzymology/genetics
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    Murine developmental control genes (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-07-27
    Description: Various strategies have been used to isolate genes that participate in the regulation of mouse development. Gene families that have been identified on the basis of their homology to motifs within Drosophila control genes or human transcription factor genes, namely homeobox (Hox), paired-box (Pax), and POU genes, can be compared with respect to gene organization, structure, and expression patterns. The functions of these genes can be analyzed molecularly in vitro and in vivo with the use of available mouse mutants or transgenic mice. In addition, it has been possible to generate gain- or loss-of-function mutations by random or targeted introduction of transgenes. Models derived from these studies can reveal the successive steps of developmental control on a genetic level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kessel, M -- Gruss, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jul 27;249(4967):374-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Gottingen, FRG.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1974085" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/genetics ; *Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Gene Expression ; *Genes ; Genes, Homeobox ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation
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    Exposure to scientific theories affects women's math performance (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-21
    Description: Stereotype threat occurs when stereotyped groups perform worse as their group membership is highlighted. We investigated whether stereotype threat is affected by accounts for the origins of stereotypes. In two studies, women who read of genetic causes of sex differences performed worse on math tests than those who read of experiential causes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dar-Nimrod, Ilan -- Heine, Steven J -- R01 MH60155-01A2/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 20;314(5798):435.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17053140" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; *Aptitude ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Mathematics ; Sex Characteristics ; *Stereotyping ; Women/*psychology
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    Mouse genetics. A mouse for every gene (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2006-07-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grimm, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 30;312(5782):1862-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Databases, Factual ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Financial Support ; Gene Targeting ; *Genes ; Genetic Techniques ; International Cooperation ; Mice ; *Mice, Knockout/genetics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Patents as Topic ; Stem Cells ; United States
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    Permuted tRNA genes expressed via a circular RNA intermediate in Cyanidioschyzon merolae (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-20
    Description: A computational analysis of the nuclear genome of a red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae, identified 11 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes in which the 3' half of the tRNA lies upstream of the 5' half in the genome. We verified that these genes are expressed and produce mature tRNAs that are aminoacylated. Analysis of tRNA-processing intermediates for these genes indicates an unusual processing pathway in which the termini of the tRNA precursor are ligated, resulting in formation of a characteristic circular RNA intermediate that is then processed at the acceptor stem to generate the correct termini.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soma, Akiko -- Onodera, Akinori -- Sugahara, Junichi -- Kanai, Akio -- Yachie, Nozomu -- Tomita, Masaru -- Kawamura, Fujio -- Sekine, Yasuhiko -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 19;318(5849):450-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo (St. Paul's) University, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17947580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Algal/chemistry/genetics ; *Genes ; Methionine-tRNA Ligase/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; RNA, Algal/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism ; Rhodophyta/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Behavior Genetics Association. Voting: in your genes? (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 25;321(5888):486. doi: 10.1126/science.321.5888.486.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18653859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes ; Genetics, Behavioral ; Humans ; Personality/genetics ; *Politics ; Twin Studies as Topic ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
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    Genetics of behavior. From genes to social behavior. Introduction (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jasny, Barbara R -- Kelner, Katrina L -- Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 7;322(5903):891. doi: 10.1126/science.322.5903.891.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988838" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; *Genes ; Humans ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; *Social Behavior
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genes and social behavior (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-08
    Description: What genes and regulatory sequences contribute to the organization and functioning of neural circuits and molecular pathways in the brain that support social behavior? How does social experience interact with information in the genome to modulate brain activity? Here, we address these questions by highlighting progress that has been made in identifying and understanding two key "vectors of influence" that link genes, the brain, and social behavior: (i) Social information alters gene expression in the brain to influence behavior, and (ii) genetic variation influences brain function and social behavior. We also discuss how evolutionary changes in genomic elements influence social behavior and outline prospects for a systems biology of social behavior.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3052688/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3052688/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robinson, Gene E -- Fernald, Russell D -- Clayton, David F -- NS045264/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS34950/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073644/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073644-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS034950/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS034950-16A2/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS045264/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS045264-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS051820/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS051820-10A1/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 7;322(5903):896-900. doi: 10.1126/science.1159277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. generobi@illinois.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988841" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/*physiology ; Environment ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; *Social Behavior
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Cognitive science. Twins may think alike too, MRI brain study suggests (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 27;323(5922):1658. doi: 10.1126/science.323.5922.1658a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; *Cognition ; *Genes ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Memory, Short-Term ; Siblings ; *Thinking ; Twin Studies as Topic ; *Twins, Monozygotic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A gene necessary for reproductive suppression in termites (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-09
    Description: A major transition in evolution is the origin of a division between reproduction and work among individuals. Nowhere is this divide more striking than in social insects, where workers rarely produce offspring even though they are often capable of reproduction should the queen or king die. The molecular mechanisms that control worker reproduction remain largely unknown. We used a combination of behavioral assays and RNA interference (RNAi) to identify a gene required for the reproductive division of labor between the queen and the workers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korb, Judith -- Weil, Tobias -- Hoffmann, Katharina -- Foster, Kevin R -- Rehli, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):758. doi: 10.1126/science.1170660.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Behavioral Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Barbarastrasse 11, D-49076 Osnabrueck, Germany. judith.korb@biologie.uni-osnabrueck.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423819" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; *Genes ; Glycoside Hydrolases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Isoptera/enzymology/*genetics/*physiology ; RNA Interference ; Reproduction/genetics ; Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Is genetic evolution predictable? (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-07
    Description: Ever since the integration of Mendelian genetics into evolutionary biology in the early 20th century, evolutionary geneticists have for the most part treated genes and mutations as generic entities. However, recent observations indicate that all genes are not equal in the eyes of evolution. Evolutionarily relevant mutations tend to accumulate in hotspot genes and at specific positions within genes. Genetic evolution is constrained by gene function, the structure of genetic networks, and population biology. The genetic basis of evolution may be predictable to some extent, and further understanding of this predictability requires incorporation of the specific functions and characteristics of genes into evolutionary theory.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184636/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184636/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stern, David L -- Orgogozo, Virginie -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 6;323(5915):746-51. doi: 10.1126/science.1158997.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. dstern@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19197055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Drosophila/genetics ; Epistasis, Genetic ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; *Genes ; Genetic Speciation ; Genetic Variation ; *Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plants/genetics ; Population Dynamics ; Selection, Genetic
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    Conserve livestock genetic resources, too (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boettcher, Paul J -- Hoffmann, Irene -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 16;326(5951):365. doi: 10.1126/science.326_365b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 00153, Italy. paul.boettcher@fao.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Domestic/*genetics ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Specimen Banks ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Extinction, Biological ; *Genes
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    Teacher quality moderates the genetic effects on early reading (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-24
    Description: Children's reading achievement is influenced by genetics as well as by family and school environments. The importance of teacher quality as a specific school environmental influence on reading achievement is unknown. We studied first- and second-grade students in Florida from schools representing diverse environments. Comparison of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, differentiating genetic similarities of 100% and 50%, provided an estimate of genetic variance in reading achievement. Teacher quality was measured by how much reading gain the non-twin classmates achieved. The magnitude of genetic variance associated with twins' oral reading fluency increased as the quality of their teacher increased. In circumstances where the teachers are all excellent, the variability in student reading achievement may appear to be largely due to genetics. However, poor teaching impedes the ability of children to reach their potential.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2905841/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2905841/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taylor, J -- Roehrig, A D -- Soden Hensler, B -- Connor, C M -- Schatschneider, C -- P50 HD052120/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P50 HD052120-02/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P50 HD052120-020003/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P50 HD052120-030003/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P50 HD052120-040003/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 23;328(5977):512-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1186149.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4301, USA. taylor@psy.fsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20413504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Achievement ; Child ; *Educational Measurement ; *Educational Status ; Faculty/*standards ; Female ; Florida ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; *Reading ; Teaching/*standards ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
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    Intellectual property. Turning patent swords into shares (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Overwalle, Geertrui -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 17;330(6011):1630-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1189592.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Intellectual Property Rights, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. geertrui.vanoverwalle@law.kuleuven.be〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164001" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Europe ; *Genes ; Genetic Testing/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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    Patent policy. Amicus brief unfriendly to gene patents (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 5;330(6005):746-7. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6005.746-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21051606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Dna ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; Policy ; United States
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    Global genetic resources. Marine biodiversity and gene patents (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnaud-Haond, Sophie -- Arrieta, Jesus M -- Duarte, Carlos M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 25;331(6024):1521-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1200783.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ifremer (French Research Institute for Exploration of the Sea) Centre de Brest; Department DEEP-LEP, Plouzane, France. sophie.arnaud@ifremer.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*genetics ; *Biodiversity ; *Genes ; International Cooperation ; Oceans and Seas ; *Patents as Topic ; United Nations
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    Human genome 10th anniversary. The Human Genome (patent) Project (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kean, Sam -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 4;331(6017):530-1. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6017.530.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Biotechnology/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Genes ; Genetic Testing/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Genome, Human ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Patent law. Law and science collide over human gene patents (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook-Deegan, Robert -- P50 HG003391/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 9;338(6108):745-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1229854.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. bob.cd@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Dna ; *Genes ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, BRCA2 ; Humans ; Inventions ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Supreme Court Decisions ; United States
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    Identification of a colonial chordate histocompatibility gene (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-28
    Description: Histocompatibility is the basis by which multicellular organisms of the same species distinguish self from nonself. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying histocompatibility reactions in lower organisms. Botryllus schlosseri is a colonial urochordate, a sister group of vertebrates, that exhibits a genetically determined natural transplantation reaction, whereby self-recognition between colonies leads to formation of parabionts with a common vasculature, whereas rejection occurs between incompatible colonies. Using genetically defined lines, whole-transcriptome sequencing, and genomics, we identified a single gene that encodes self-nonself and determines "graft" outcomes in this organism. This gene is significantly up-regulated in colonies poised to undergo fusion and/or rejection, is highly expressed in the vasculature, and is functionally linked to histocompatibility outcomes. These findings establish a platform for advancing the science of allorecognition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3810301/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3810301/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Voskoboynik, Ayelet -- Newman, Aaron M -- Corey, Daniel M -- Sahoo, Debashis -- Pushkarev, Dmitry -- Neff, Norma F -- Passarelli, Benedetto -- Koh, Winston -- Ishizuka, Katherine J -- Palmeri, Karla J -- Dimov, Ivan K -- Keasar, Chen -- Fan, H Christina -- Mantalas, Gary L -- Sinha, Rahul -- Penland, Lolita -- Quake, Stephen R -- Weissman, Irving L -- 1R01AG037968/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- 1R56AI089968/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- K12 HL087746/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99 CA151673/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K99CA151673-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG037968/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM100315/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM100315/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R56 AI089968/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009302/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jul 26;341(6144):384-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1238036.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ayeletv@stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; *Genes ; Genome ; Genotype ; Histocompatibility/*genetics ; Immune Tolerance ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcriptome ; Up-Regulation ; Urochordata/*genetics/*immunology/physiology
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    Genetics. Moving beyond "isolated" gene patents (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3807680/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3807680/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rai, Arti K -- Cook-Deegan, Robert -- P50 HG003391/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jul 12;341(6142):137-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1242217. Epub 2013 Jun 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Duke University School of Law, Durham, NC 27708, USA. rai@law.duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811224" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Exons ; *Genes ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, BRCA2 ; Genetics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Introns ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Supreme Court Decisions ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    Companies rush to patent DNA (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Feb 7;275(5301):780-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9036542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Dna ; DNA, Complementary ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Federal Government ; *Genes ; Genetic Research ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 84
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    Did birds sail through the K-T extinction with flying colors? (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-02-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Feb 21;275(5303):1068.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9054008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; *Birds/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Fossils ; *Genes ; Mutation ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Functional coherence of the human Y chromosome (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-10-24
    Description: A systematic search of the nonrecombining region of the human Y chromosome (NRY) identified 12 novel genes or families, 10 with full-length complementary DNA sequences. All 12 genes, and six of eight NRY genes or families previously isolated by less systematic means, fell into two classes. Genes in the first group were expressed in many organs; these housekeeping genes have X homologs that escape X inactivation. The second group, consisting of Y-chromosomal gene families expressed specifically in testes, may account for infertility among men with Y deletions. The coherence of the NRY's gene content contrasts with the apparently haphazard content of most eukaryotic chromosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lahn, B T -- Page, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Oct 24;278(5338):675-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Whitehead Institute, and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9381176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Gene Dosage ; Gene Expression ; *Genes ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Proteins ; Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Seminal Plasma Proteins ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spermatogenesis/genetics ; Testis/metabolism ; X Chromosome/genetics ; Y Chromosome/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Developing a new view of evolution (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-07-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, E -- Roush, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jul 4;277(5322):34-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9229770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Patterning/*genetics ; Crustacea/embryology/genetics ; *Developmental Biology ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; *Genes ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Mutation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Mass survival of birds across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary: molecular evidence (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-02-21
    Description: The extent of terrestrial vertebrate extinctions at the end of the Cretaceous is poorly understood, and estimates have ranged from a mass extinction to limited extinctions of specific groups. Molecular and paleontological data demonstrate that modern bird orders started diverging in the Early Cretaceous; at least 22 avian lineages of modern birds cross the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Data for several other terrestrial vertebrate groups indicate a similar pattern of survival and, taken together, favor incremental changes during a Cretaceous diversification of birds and mammals rather than an explosive radiation in the Early Tertiary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, A -- Penny, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Feb 21;275(5303):1109-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand. alan.cooper@bioanth.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9027308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; *Birds/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Fossils ; *Genes ; Genes, mos ; Mammals/genetics ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    HIV experts vs. sequencers in patent race (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Feb 28;275(5304):1263.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9064781" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; HIV Infections/virology ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; *Patents as Topic ; Receptors, CCR5 ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; Receptors, Cytokine/*genetics ; Receptors, HIV/*genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Genomics. Defining genes in the genomics era (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-04-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snyder, Michael -- Gerstein, Mark -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Apr 11;300(5617):258-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12690176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Base Sequence ; Conserved Sequence ; Gene Silencing ; *Genes ; Genome, Fungal ; Genome, Human ; *Genomics ; Humans ; Open Reading Frames ; Pseudogenes ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Predictive identification of exonic splicing enhancers in human genes (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-07-13
    Description: Specific short oligonucleotide sequences that enhance pre-mRNA splicing when present in exons, termed exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs), play important roles in constitutive and alternative splicing. A computational method, RESCUE-ESE, was developed that predicts which sequences have ESE activity by statistical analysis of exon-intron and splice site composition. When large data sets of human gene sequences were used, this method identified 10 predicted ESE motifs. Representatives of all 10 motifs were found to display enhancer activity in vivo, whereas point mutants of these sequences exhibited sharply reduced activity. The motifs identified enable prediction of the splicing phenotypes of exonic mutations in human genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fairbrother, William G -- Yeh, Ru-Fang -- Sharp, Phillip A -- Burge, Christopher B -- 1 R01 HG02439-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):1007-13. Epub 2002 Jul 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12114529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computational Biology ; Consensus Sequence ; DNA, Complementary ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; *Exons ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; Introns ; Oligonucleotides/genetics ; Point Mutation ; *RNA Splicing ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Molecular phylogenies link rates of evolution and speciation (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Webster, Andrea J -- Payne, Robert J H -- Pagel, Mark -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jul 25;301(5632):478.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12881561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Evolution, Molecular ; *Genes ; Likelihood Functions ; Mathematics ; Models, Statistical ; *Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Physical anthropology/paleoanthropology meetings. Archaic genes in modern people? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culotta, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 22;308(5721):490-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; *Anthropology, Physical ; Asia ; Chromosomes, Human, X/*genetics ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Haplotypes ; Hominidae/*genetics ; Humans ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; X Chromosome/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Why do humans have so few genes? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994526" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Animals ; Chromatin/physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics/physiology ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Problems in patenting human genes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murashige, Kate H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 24;308(5730):1868-70; author reply 1868-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; Public Policy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Human genome. A low number wins the GeneSweep Pool (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-06-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jun 6;300(5625):1484.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12791949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computational Biology ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Evolution of developmental diversity meeting. RNAi takes Evo-Devo world by storm (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Apr 16;304(5669):384.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15087524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Developmental Biology ; Drosophila/embryology/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins ; *Genes ; Insects/embryology/genetics/physiology ; Nuclear Proteins ; Planarians/genetics/physiology ; *RNA Interference ; Regeneration ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Transcription Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Psychology. The nature of personality: genes, culture, and national character (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: Personality traits have a strong genetic foundation, are highly stable over time, and predict important societal outcomes, including health and occupational success. In his Perspective, Robins discusses Terracciano et al.'s finding that cultures differ somewhat in aggregate personality levels but those differences are not accurately reflected in stereotypes about national character. Robins discusses reasons why national stereotypes are inaccurate, as well as broader issues concerning individual and cultural sources of variation in personality.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robins, Richard W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):62-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. rwrobins@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Character ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; *Culture ; *Ethnic Groups ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Personality/genetics ; Social Perception ; Stereotyping
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Meiotic drive. Bickering genes shape evolution (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Sep 26;301(5641):1837-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14512600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila/anatomy & histology/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Inheritance Patterns ; *Meiosis ; Prions/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Reproduction ; Selection, Genetic ; Sex Ratio ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Bioinformatics. Gene counters struggle to get the right answer (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-08-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Aug 22;301(5636):1040-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12933991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Computational Biology ; Exons ; *Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Pseudogenes ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Analysis, Protein ; *Software
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    The Biology of Genomes meeting. Surveys reveal vast numbers of genes (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jun 11;304(5677):1591.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15192197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecosystem ; *Environmental Microbiology ; *Genes ; Genes, Archaeal ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Gingiva/microbiology ; Humans ; Seawater/microbiology ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Soil Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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