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  • Mice  (79)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (79)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (79)
  • 1981  (79)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (79)
  • Springer  (2)
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (79)
Year
  • 1
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    Testosterone: a major determinant of extragenital sexual dimorphism (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Sexual dimorphism in selected extragenital tissues is described with emphasis on the molecular basis of the differences. Testosterone rather than 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone appears to be the major intracellular androgen in organs other than skin and reproductive tract, but other steroid metabolites and their receptors are required to produce the diverse tissue differences observed in males and females. There is also evidence that multiple hormones from several endocrine glands are required to act in concert with androgens to produce and maintain their effects. Although many of the consequences of sexual dimorphism, such as body size and strength, have been evident for centuries, other differences between males and females such as disease incidence, response to drugs and toxins, and the metabolism and assimilation of dietary constituents have only recently been discovered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bardin, C W -- Catterall, J F -- HD-13541/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1285-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome/metabolism ; Androgens/metabolism/physiology ; Animals ; Erythropoiesis ; Estradiol/physiology ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Muscles/metabolism ; Progestins/physiology ; Proteins/secretion ; Rats ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    GABA analogues activate channels of different duration on cultured mouse spinal neurons (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Voltage-clamp recordings from mouse spinal neurons grown in culture were used to study the membrane current fluctuations induced by 12 substances structurally similar to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Fluctuation analysis provided estimates of the electrical properties of the elementary events underlying these responses. Estimates of the mean conductance of channels activated by all of the substances except glycine did not differ significantly from that estimated for GABA, whereas mean durations of agonist-activated channels all differed significantly from that found for GABA. The results indicate that all of the substances tested except glycine activate channels of similar conductance but of different durations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barker, J L -- Mathers, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):358-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Ion Channels/*drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Mice ; Neurons/drug effects ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Spinal Nerves/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Time Factors ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Morphiceptin (NH4-tyr-pro-phe-pro-COHN2): a potent and specific agonist for morphine (mu) receptors (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: The synthetic peptide NH2-Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-CONH2 (morphiceptin), which is the amide of a fragment of the milk protein beta-casein, has morphinelike activities and is highly specific for morphine (mu) receptors but not for enkephalin (delta) receptors. It is as active as morphine in the guinea pig ileum but much less active in the mouse and rat vas deferens. The discovery of this specific morphine receptor ligand substantiates the hypothesis of multiple opiate receptors. The ligand, which may be of physiological significance since a very similar, or identical, activity can be detected in enzymatic digests of beta-casein, may prove useful for further investigation of the functions of opiate receptor subtypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, K J -- Lillian, A -- Hazum, E -- Cuatrecasas, P -- Chang, J K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Caseins/pharmacology ; Dihydromorphine/metabolism ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Ileum/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Vas Deferens/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    Melatonin: identification of sites of antigonadal action in mouse brain (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: Long-term implants releasing a small quantity of melatonin (45 nanograms per day) were used to determine the brain sites of the hormone's antigonadal action in a photoperiodic species, the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). Implants in the medial preoptic and supra- and retrochiasmatic areas elicited completed gonadal regression after 7 weeks. Implants in other brain regions had little effect on the animals' reproductive state.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glass, J D -- Lynch, G R -- NS-15503/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):821-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Genitalia, Female/drug effects/*pathology ; Hypothalamus/*drug effects ; Light ; Melatonin/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Periodicity ; Preoptic Area/drug effects ; Supraoptic Nucleus/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
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    Renin and angiotensin: the complete system within the neuroblastoma x glioma cell (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: Cells of the homogeneous hybrid line neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) have many neuronal properties. Immunocytochemical tests show that they contain both immunoreactive renin and angiotensin; direct radioimmunoassays show that they are positive for renin, angiotensin I, and angiotensin II; enzymatic assays show that they contain angiotensinogen and converting enzyme as well. The renin appears to be present in an enzymatically inactive form that can be activated by trypsin and then blocked by antiserum to purified mouse submaxillary renin. Renin concentration and activity are increased by enhancing cellular differentiation with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate or by serum withdrawal. These findings demonstrate a complete renin-angiotensin system within these neuron-like cells, and suggest that activation of intracellular renin could generate angiotensin II.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishman, M C -- Zimmerman, E A -- Slater, E E -- HL-21247/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-24105/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):921-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensin I/*analysis ; Angiotensin II/*analysis ; Angiotensins/*analysis ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Glioma/*metabolism ; Hybrid Cells/*metabolism ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma/*metabolism ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Renin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Phenytoin-induced teratogenesis: a mouse model (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: Malformations associated with the fetal hydantoin syndrome have been reproduced in a mouse model. The occurrence of these defects was correlated with maternal serum concentrations, but not with maternal or fetal genotype or the presence of a seizure disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finnell, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):483-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/physiology ; Phenytoin/*adverse effects ; *Teratogens
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Malignant potential of murine stromal cells after transplantation of human tumors into nude mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Human malignant cancer tumors grafted into nude mice produce tumors containing both human cancer cells and the host's stromal cells. After short-term propagation of these tumors in vitro, the murine mesenchymal cells appear transformed and are tumorigenic in nude mice. However, established human cancer cell lines fail to similarly after adjacent murine stromal cells when used to produce tumors in nude mice. These experiments suggest that cancer cells may recruit normal cells to become malignant, qualifying the view of the clonal (unicellular) origin of cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldenberg, D M -- Pavia, R A -- 1R01 CA17198/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology ; Fibrosarcoma/*etiology ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology ; Transplantation, Heterologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Voltage clamp studies in macrophages from mouse spleen cultures (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: Voltage clamp studies of macrophages from cultures of mouse spleen macrophages produced N-shaped steady-state current-voltage curves containing a region of negative slope resistance. Some macrophages exhibit two stable states of membrane potential, having current-voltage relationships that cross the voltage axis at three points. Outward currents that turn on at voltages of +15 millivolts or greater were noted in several cells. The addition of barium chloride to the bathing medium abolished the negative slope resistance and reduced the inward currents in response to hyperpolarizing voltage steps. These data provide direct evidence that macrophages exhibit at least tow different voltage-dependent conductances and demonstrate that voltage clamp techniques can be useful in studying the membrane properties of leukocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallin, E K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):458-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Barium/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Spleen/cytology
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  • 9
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    Divalent cation ionophores stimulate resorption and inhibit DNA synthesis in cultured fetal rat bone (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Two divalent cation ionophores, A23187 and Ionomycin, which are selective for calcium, stimulated the resorption of fetal rat long bones in organ culture at 0.1 to 1 micromolar but not at higher concentrations. Both agents inhibited DNA synthesis at concentrations that stimulated resorption. These results might explain the differences in ionophore effects on bone previously reported, and they imply that cell replication is not required for osteoclast formation in fetal rat long bone cultures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzo, J A -- Raisz, L G -- AM 07290/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 18063/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bone Resorption/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Radioisotopes ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; DNA Replication/*drug effects ; Ethers/pharmacology ; Fetus ; Ionomycin ; Ionophores/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    The AF64a-treated mouse: possible model for central cholinergic hypofunction (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: A loss in the number of functional, sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity choline transport sites was observed in the cortex and hippocampus of mice given an intracerebroventricular injection of 65 nanomoles of AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion) 3 days earlier. Such an effect was not observed in the striatum. This effect of AF64A represents a long-term neurochemical deficit at cholinergic nerve terminals in some brain regions which can lead to a persistent deficiency in central cholinergic transmission. The AF64A-treated animal may thus be a model for certain psychiatric or neurological disorders that appear to involve central cholinergic hypofunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mantione, C R -- Fisher, A -- Hanin, I -- MH 26320/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH/AG 34893/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):579-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6894649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aziridines/*pharmacology ; Azirines/*pharmacology ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Synaptosomes/drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Growth inhibition by adenosine 3',5-monophosphate derivatives does not require 3',5' phosphodiester linkage (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Analogs of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) inhibit the growth of cultured cell lines. The effects of 8-bromo- and N6-butyryl-substituted analogs of cyclic and noncyclic AMP on six cell lines were examined and were equally inhibitory. Variant cell lines with altered cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase were more resistant to both cyclic and noncyclic nucleotides. We conclude that growth inhibition by analogs of cyclic AMP (i) does not require a 3',5' phosphodiester bond and (ii) may be mediated by a pathway involving endogenous cyclic AMP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, T F -- Kowalchyk, J A -- AM 25861/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1120-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6267695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/*pharmacology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Growth Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    More progress on gene transfer (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):996-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6943678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *DNA, Recombinant ; *Genetic Engineering ; Mice ; Recombination, Genetic
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  • 13
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    Viral epitopes and monoclonal antibodies: isolation of blocking antibodies that inhibit virus neutralization (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: The inability of pathogenic animal viruses to be completely neutralized by antibodies can lead to chronic viral infections in which infectious virus persists even in the presence of excess neutralizing antibody. A mechanism that results in this nonneutralized fraction of virus was defined by the topographical relationships of viral epitopes identified with monoclonal antibodies wherein monoclonal antibodies bind to virus and sterically block the binding of neutralizing antibodies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Massey, R J -- Schochetman, G -- N01-CO-75380/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):447-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Antigens, Viral ; Clone Cells ; Kirsten murine sarcoma virus/*immunology ; Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/*immunology ; Mice ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/*immunology
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  • 14
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    Carcinogenicity in mice of mutagenic compounds from a tryptophan pyrolyzate (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: The compounds 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, which are potent mutagens in a tryptophan pyrolyzate, ar hepatic carcinogens when given orally to mice at concentrations of 200 parts per million in a pellet diet. Female mice showed higher susceptibilities to both compounds than male mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsukura, N -- Kawachi, T -- Morino, K -- Ohgaki, H -- Sugimura, T -- Takayama, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):346-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbolines/*pharmacology ; *Carcinogens ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Female ; Indoles/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mutagens/*pharmacology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Sex Factors
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  • 15
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    Copper deficiency suppresses the immune response of mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Mice fed a purified diet low in copper display anemia, hypoceruloplasminemia, depressed concentrations of liver copper, and elevated concentrations of liver iron. An impaired humoral-mediated immune response (decreased numbers of antibody-producing cells) is observed in mice with severe as well as marginal copper deficiency. The magnitude of this impairment is highly correlated with the degree of functional copper deficiency (hypoceruloplasminemia).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prohaska, J R -- Lukasewycz, O A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation/*drug effects ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Ceruloplasmin/metabolism ; Copper/*deficiency/pharmacology ; Female ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Iron/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Sex Factors ; Spleen/drug effects
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  • 16
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    Diameter of the cell-to-cell junctional membrane channels as probed with neutral molecules (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: The cell-to-cell channels in the junctions of an insect salivary gland and of insect and mammalian cells in culture were probed with fluorescent molecules-neutral linear oligosaccharides, neutral branched glycopeptides, and charged linear peptides. From the molecular dimensions of the largest permeants and smallest impermeants the permeation-limiting channel diameter was obtained: 16 to 20 angstroms for the mammalian cells and 20 to 30 angstroms for the insect cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwarzmann, G -- Wiegandt, H -- Rose, B -- Zimmerman, A -- Ben-Haim, D -- Loewenstein, W R -- CA 14464/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chironomidae ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Glycopeptides/*metabolism ; Intercellular Junctions/*ultrastructure ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Models, Molecular ; Oligosaccharides/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Salivary Glands/*ultrastructure ; Species Specificity
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  • 17
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    Myelination of central nervous system axons in tissue culture by transplanted oligodendrocytes (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: Unmyelinated mouse cerebellar cerebellar cultures in which oligodendrocyte differentiation had been suppressed by exposure to cytosine arabinoside developed axonal myelin after superimposition of kainic acid-treated cerebellar explants devoid of myelin-receptive axons. The latter explants contained differentiated oligodendrocytes. The operation of a diffusible myelin-stimulating factor was ruled out by the failure of myelination in cytosine arabinoside-exposed explants not in direct contact with oligodendrocyte-containing transplants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seil, F -- Blank, N K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1407-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233230" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Axons/drug effects/*physiology ; Cerebellum/drug effects/*physiology ; Collagen ; Cytarabine/pharmacology ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Mice ; Myelin Sheath/drug effects/*physiology ; Neuroglia/*transplantation ; Oligodendroglia/*transplantation ; Organ Culture Techniques
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Studies in histocompatibility (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snell, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):172-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Antigens, Viral, Tumor ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Genotype ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; Heterozygote ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/*immunology ; Pedigree ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Immunization of Baboons with Schistosoma mansoni Cercariae attenuated by gamma irradiation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: Studies on the efficacy of a vaccine against schistosomiasis in young baboons (Papio anubis) disclosed that immunization with Schistosoma mansoni cercariae attenuated by gamma irradiation induced significant protection against subsequent infection with normal, viable S. mansoni cercariae. Such immunization resulted in reduced worm burdens (70 percent) and egg excretion rates (82 percent). These results support immunization as a potential method for schistosomiasis control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stek M, F r -- Minard, P -- Dean, D A -- Hall, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1518-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233238" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; *Immunization ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Papio ; Schistosoma mansoni/immunology/*radiation effects ; Schistosomiasis/prevention & control
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  • 20
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    Mouse pox threat (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: A News and Comment Briefing ("OSHA backs away from strict lab rules," 28 Nov. 1980, p. 992) incorrectly quoted a National Research Council report on safe handling of laboratory chemicals as saying, "For most laboratory environments, ... regular monitoring of the airborne concentrations of a variety of different toxic materials is both unjustified and unjust." The report actually said it was "unjustified and impractical."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallace, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):438.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Laboratory/*microbiology ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Ectromelia virus ; Ectromelia, Infectious/*epidemiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Poxviridae Infections/*epidemiology ; Rodent Diseases/epidemiology ; United States
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  • 21
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    Intestinal M cells: a pathway for entry of reovirus into the host (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-24
    Description: Thirty minutes after inoculation of reovirus type 1 into the intestinal lumen of the mouse, viruses were found adhering to the surface of intestinal M cells but not other epithelial cells. Within 1 hour, viruses were seen in the M cell cytoplasm and were associated with mononuclear cells in the intercellular space adjacent to the M cell. These findings suggest that M cells are the site where reovirus penetrates the intestinal epithelium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolf, J L -- Rubin, D H -- Finberg, R -- Kauffman, R S -- Sharpe, A H -- Trier, J S -- Fields, B N -- AI 13178/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM 07121/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 17537/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 24;212(4493):471-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/microbiology ; Endocytosis ; Extracellular Space/microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology/*microbiology ; Mice ; Peyer's Patches/microbiology ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Reoviridae/*physiology ; Reoviridae Infections/*pathology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Gene for neuraminidase activity on mouse chromosome 17 near h-2: pleiotropic effects on multiple hydrolases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: The low activity of liver neuraminidase that is characteristic of mouse strain SM/J is inherited as a single gene on chromosome 17, near the major histocompatibility complex. This gene, neuraminidase-1 (Neu-1), is represented by the low activity allele Neu-1s in SM/J and the high activity allele Neu-1b in C57BL/6J and most other strains. Previously described variations in the posttranslational processing of acid phosphatase, alpha-mannosidase, arylsulfatase-B, and alpha-glucosidase are attributed to pleiotropic effects of this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Womack, J E -- Yan, D L -- Potier, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics/metabolism ; Neuraminidase/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sialic Acids/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Metastatic potential is positively correlated with cell surface sialylation of cultured murine tumor cell lines (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: The ability of murine tumor cells to metastasize spontaneously from subcutaneous sites is positively correlated with the total sialic acid content of the cells in culture, the degree to which the sialic acid is exposed on the tumor cell surface, and, most strongly, with the degree of sialylation of galactosyl and N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues in cell surface glycoconjugates. These findings suggest that sialic acid on the cell surface may play a role in tumor cell metastasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yogeeswaran, G -- Salk, P L -- CA19312-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1514-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233237" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*physiology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Mice ; *Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Sialic Acids/*analysis
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  • 24
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    Therapy of mouse lymphoma with monoclonal antibodies to glycolipid: selection of low antigenic variants in vivo (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: Growth of mouse lymphoma L5178Y, which contains large quantitites of the gangliotriosylceramide (GgOs3Cer), in DBA/2 mice was suppressed by passive immunization with monoclonal immunoglobulin G3 antibodies to GgOS3Cer, but not by immunoglobulin M antibodies with or without added complement. Most groups of mice treated with monoclonal immunoglobulin G3 antibodies did not develop tumors, but the tumor that appeared in a treated animal had a much lower amount of the GgOS3Cer than the cells used for inoculation. Thus, passive immunization either prevented growth of the lymphoma or caused selection of a variant with a lower quantity of the antigen GgOS3Cer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, W W Jr -- Hakomori, S I -- CA27746/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):487-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455688" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Antigens, Surface ; Clone Cells/immunology ; Glycolipids/*immunology ; Hybrid Cells/immunology ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage ; Immunoglobulin M/administration & dosage ; Immunotherapy ; Lymphoma/immunology/*therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    Differentiation of murine bone marrow stem cells in vitro: long-term growth promoted by a lymphocyte-derived mediator (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: In attempts to induce differentiation of lymphoid cells from hematopoietic stem cells in vitro, the effects of allogeneic effect factor on the growth of murine bone marrow cultures were studied. Allogeneic effect factor is a soluble mediator derived from mixed secondary murine leukocyte cultures. For several weeks it supported the growth of bone marrow cultures, as indicated by the maintenance of stem cell activity, cellular proliferation, and heterogeneity. Another lymphokine, T cell growth factor, did not, Pre-T lymphocytes could be detected in these cultures for several weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altman, A -- Gilmartin, T D -- Katz, D H -- CA-25803/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6934621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Communication ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Glycoproteins/*pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II ; Lymph Nodes/cytology ; Lymphokines/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Mitogens
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  • 26
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    Myeloma neuropathy: passive transfer from man to mouse (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: Mice were injected daily, for up to 10 weeks, with purified monoclonal immunoglobulin G from patients with myelomatous polyneuropathy or benign gammopathy. The animals developed a demyelinating polyneuropathy with slowed nerve conduction velocities. The putative antinerve factor may be an antibody since injection of Fab fragments from the monoclonal immunoglobulin G produced a similar demyelination. This provides evidence of a circulating factor in the serum of myeloma patients with polyneuropathy that reproduces typical features of the human disease on passive transfer. This disorder is thus distinguished from other neuropathies that occur as remote effects of malignant disease but have no identified pathogenic factors associated with them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Besinger, U A -- Toyka, K V -- Anzil, A P -- Fateh-Mognadam, A -- Rouscher, R -- Heininger, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1027-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Demyelinating Diseases/*etiology/immunology/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; Immunoglobulin G ; Mice ; Multiple Myeloma/*complications ; Neural Conduction
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  • 27
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    Reversal diabetes by islet transplantation: vulnerability of the established allograft (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowen, K M -- Prowse, S J -- Lafferty, K J -- AM28126-01/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 11;213(4513):1261-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6791285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascitic Fluid/cytology ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*therapy ; *Graft Rejection ; Islets of Langerhans/immunology ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Mice ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Transplantation, Homologous
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  • 28
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    Conversion of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to fat cells by an inhibitor of methylation: effect of 3-deazaadenosine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-13
    Description: 3-Deazaadenosine, an inhibitor of methylation, increased the frequency of conversion of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to fat cells in a dose-dependent manner. Once converted, the 3T3-L1 fat cells retained their adipose morphology and accumulated triglycerides even when 3-deazaadenosine was removed from the culture medium. 3-Deazaadenosine may perturb cellular methylation and thereby lead to an increase in the frequency of differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to fat cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiang, P K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 13;211(4487):1164-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/*cytology ; Animals ; Carnitine/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Methylation ; Mice ; Ribonucleosides/*pharmacology ; Tubercidin/*pharmacology
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  • 29
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    Behavioral effects of lead and Toxocara canis in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Adult mice were administered the common parasite Toxocara canis or lead or both. The parasite clearly altered mouse performance on tests of exploration, activity, learning, and motor coordination; behavioral effects in mice receiving lead alone were less general. Consequence of Toxocara administration appeared attenuated in animals receiving both agents. Parasite larvae were found in the central nervous system in all infected mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dolinsky, Z S -- Burright, R G -- Donovick, P J -- Glickman, L T -- Babish, J -- Summers, B -- Cypess, R H -- 08-K4AI00301A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 08R1AI1478A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5S07RR0749-04/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascariasis/*complications ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/parasitology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lead Poisoning/*complications/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Toxocariasis/*complications/physiopathology
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  • 30
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    Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol increase plasma testosterone concentrations in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Oral administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol had a biphasic effect on plasma testosterone concentrations in male mice, causing rapid sustained increases at low doses and subsequent decreases at higher doses. In hypophysectomized and intact mice receiving gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin), treatment with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol maintained higher plasma testosterone concentrations. Thus, this cannabinoid may interact with gonadotropin and directly influence testicular steroidogenesis in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalterio, S -- Bartke, A -- Mayfield, D -- 1R01 DA 02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P 30 HD 10202/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):581-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Hypophysectomy ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Male ; Mice ; Testosterone/*blood
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  • 31
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    A conjugate of alpha-amanitin and monoclonal immunoglobulin G to Thy 1.2 antigen is selectively toxic to T lymphoma cells (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-18
    Description: A covalent conjugate of an alpha-amanitin azo derivative and a monoclonal immunoglobulin G to the Thy 1.2 antigen on murine T lymphocytes was synthesized. The conjugate was 375- to 750-fold more inhibitory to murine T lymphoma S49.1 cells than the unconjugated derivative. At 0.7 X 10(-7) to 1.5 X 10(-7) M and at 4 X 10(-7) M amanitin equivalents, the conjugate inhibited protein synthesis in S49.1 cells by 50 percent and 80 to 96 percent, respectively. At these concentrations, mutant Thy l-deficient S49 cells and other murine lymphoma lacking Thy l altogether or carrying Thy 1.1 antigens were unaffected. This result demonstrated the potential for targeting amanitin to specific cell types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, M T -- Preston, J F 3rd -- R01 CA 19043/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 18;213(4514):1385-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6115471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amanitins/*administration & dosage ; Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Antibodies/administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Antigens, Thy-1 ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells/immunology ; Hybrid Cells/immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/*administration & dosage ; Lymphoma/*drug therapy ; Membrane Proteins/*immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
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  • 32
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    Ethanol reveals novel mercury detoxification step in tissues (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Volatile mercury was produced de novo by mouse tissue homogenates that contained mercuric ions. Ethanol stimulated the release of tissue mercury into the vapor phase, and the mechanism appears to be an inhibition of reoxidation of volatile mercury. Components responsible for mercury volatilization are heat-labile. The highest volatilizing activity in the liver is associated with the soluble fraction obtained after centrifugation at 105,000g.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dunn, J D -- Clarkson, T W -- Magos, L -- 01248/PHS HHS/ -- ES 01247/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM 07141/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1123-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cell-Free System ; Cysteine ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Gases ; *Inactivation, Metabolic ; Kidney/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Mercury/*metabolism ; Mice ; Oxidation-Reduction
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  • 33
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    Lateral diffusion of surface molecules in animal cells and tissues (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: When bound to cell surfaces, certain lectins such as concanavalin A induce a drop in the average diffusion coefficients (D) of a number of cell surface molecules. To find whether such anchorage modulation occurs naturally, D of surface antigens on different cell and tissue types were measured by fluorescence photobleaching recovery. Values for cells of the same tissue origin under different conditions of growth and association - in tissues, in small aggregates, and as isolated cells - varied by less than twofold when polyspecific monovalent antibodies to cell surface antigens were used, a range much less than the sixfold decrease in D observed after lectin-induced anchorage modulation. Thus, if reversible modulation of the diffusion rate is used naturally as a means of cell signaling, it must involve only a few kinds of surface receptors not detected by the antibodies used in this study. In certain tissues, however, a significant proportion of cells showed no apparent receptor mobility. This "all or none" modulation of lateral diffusion may reflect relatively long-lasting alterations in the states of a single cell type or differentiation among the cells of the particular tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gall, W E -- Edelman, G M -- AI-09273/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-11378/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM-04256/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):903-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7196087" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Surface/physiology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Cytoskeleton/physiology ; Diffusion ; *Membrane Fluidity ; Mice
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    Interferon action: RNA cleavage pattern of a (2'-5')oligoadenylate--dependent endonuclease (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: One of the mediators of interferon action is a latent endoribonuclease (ribonuclease L) that is activated by (2'-5')oligoadenylates. Among the homopolymers of the four common ribonucleotides, activated ribonuclease L degrades at an appreciable rate only polyuridylic acid. In two natural RNA's tested the most frequent ribonuclease L cleavages occur after UA, UG, and UU (A, adenine; U, uracil; and G, guanine) and much less frequent cleavages after CA and AC (C, cytosine).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Floyd-Smith, G -- Slattery, E -- Lengyel, P -- AI-12320/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA-16038/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1030-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6165080" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/enzymology ; *Endoribonucleases ; HeLa Cells/enzymology ; Humans ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Oligonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Oligoribonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Rna ; Ribonucleases/*metabolism ; Ribonucleotides/analysis ; Substrate Specificity
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    Parasitism and behavioral dominance among male mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Infestations by the nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus can prevent adult male mice from becoming behaviorally dominant. The effect is dose-dependent and is more likely to influence the development of dominance than to disrupt existing dominance relationships. Doses capable of exerting this effect are not lethal and do not affect weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeland, W J -- R03 MH 32090/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):461-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dominance-Subordination ; Larva ; Male ; Mice ; Nematoda ; Nematode Infections/*psychology ; *Social Dominance
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    Brain acetylcholine synthesis declines with senescence (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: The synthesis of whole brain acetylcholine is reduced in two strains (C57BL and BALB/c) of senescent mice. The incorporation of [U-14C]glucose into acetylcholine decreased in both strains by 40 +/- 4 per cent in 10-month-old mice and by 58 +/- 9 percent in 30-month-old mice compared with mice 3 months old. The incorporation of [2H4]choline into acetylcholine declined 60 and 73 percent in 10- and 30-month-old mice, respectively. Deficits in the cholinergic system may contribute to brain dysfunctions that complicate senescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibson, G E -- Peterson, C -- Jenden, D J -- MH17691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MS15649/PHS HHS/ -- NS16997/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):674-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*biosynthesis ; *Aging ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*metabolism ; Choline/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Lactates/metabolism ; Mice
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    Mechanisms of gonadal differentiation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Sex differentiation is the result of the translation of genetic sex into gonadal sex. Without recognizable masculinizing signals the embryonic gonad will undergo ovarian differentiation. The main determinant of gonadal differentiation appears to be the presence or absence of a cell surface antigen, called H-Y antigen. The regulation of H-Y antigen expression is complex and involves the interaction between regulatory sites on the Y chromosome, the X chromosome, and possibly the autosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haseltine, F P -- Ohno, S -- 5R01 HD 12289-02/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R0I AD 00042/AD/ADAMHA HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1272-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Embryonic Induction ; Female ; Fertility ; Freemartinism/genetics ; Germ Cells/physiology ; H-Y Antigen/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mammals/genetics ; Mice ; Ovary/embryology ; Rats ; Sex Chromosomes ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testis/embryology/physiology
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    Somatic cell hybrids from frog lymphocytes and mouse myeloma cells (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: Stable somatic cell hybrids were obtained by fusing Xenopus lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. These hybrids contained one to four Xenopus chromosomes and expressed Xenopus gene products, one of which was a lymphocyte membrane protein of 85,000 daltons precipitated by a monoclonal antibody.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hengartner, H -- Du Pasquier, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1034-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cell Line ; Clone Cells ; Genes ; Hybrid Cells/*physiology ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasms, Experimental/physiopathology ; Plasmacytoma/*physiopathology ; Xenopus
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    Lamarck will not lie down (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):316-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Immune Tolerance ; *Immunogenetics ; Mice ; Periodicals as Topic ; Quality Control ; *Research Design
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    Hemin lyses malaria parasites (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: Malaria parasites isolated from mouse erythrocytes are lysed by ferriprotoporphyrin IX chloride (hemin) or by a chloroquine-hemin complex in amounts that could be produced by release of less than 0.1 percent of the heme in erythrocytic hemoglobin. This effect of hemin may explain the protection against malaria provided by thalassemia and other conditions causing intracellular denaturation of hemoglobin. The toxicity of the chloroquine-hemin complex may explain the selective antimalarial action of chloroquine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orjih, A U -- Banyal, H S -- Chevli, R -- Fitch, C D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):667-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7027441" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chloroquine/*pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Resistance ; Heme/*analogs & derivatives ; Hemin/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Plasmodium berghei/*drug effects
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    The prolactin gene is located on chromosome 6 in humans (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: The gene for prolactin has been located on chromosome 6 in humans. DNA fragments of 4.8 and 4.0 kilobases containing prolactin gene sequences were identified in human genomic DNA, whereas DNA fragments of 7.4, 3.6, and 3.3 kilobases containing prolactin gene sequences were found in mouse cells. In somatic cell hybrids of human and mouse cells the 7.4-, 3.6-, and 3.3-kilobase mouse fragments were always present, whereas the 4.8- and 4.0-kilobase human fragments were only present when human chromosome 6 was also present. We conclude that the prolactin gene resides on chromosome 6, a different location from those of the genes for the related hormones chorionic somatomammotropin and growth hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owerbach, D -- Rutter, W J -- Cooke, N E -- Martial, J A -- Shows, T B -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD 05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):815-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Growth Hormone/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/physiology ; Mice ; Placental Lactogen/genetics ; Prolactin/*genetics
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    Selective protection of methionine enkephalin released from brain slices by enkephalinase inhibition (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Methionine enkephalin release was evoked by depolarization of slices from rat striatum with potassium. In the presence of 0.1 microM thiorphan [(N(R,S)-3-mercapto-2-benzylpropionyl)glycine], a potent inhibitor of enkephalin dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (enkephalinase), the recovery of the pentapeptide in the incubation medium was increased by about 100 percent. A similar effect was observed with the dipeptide phenylalanylalanine, a selective although less potent enkephalinase inhibitor. Inhibition of other known enkephalin-hydrolyzing enzymes--aminopeptidase by 0.1 mM puromycin or angiotensin-converting enzyme by 1 microM captopril--did not significantly enhance the recovery of released methionine enkephalin. These data indicate that enkephalinase is critically involved in the inactivation of the endogenous opioid peptide released from striatal neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Patey, G -- De La Baume, S -- Schwartz, J C -- Gros, C -- Roques, B -- Fournie-Zaluski, M C -- Soroca-Lucas, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1153-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7015510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids, Sulfur/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Corpus Striatum/drug effects/*metabolism ; Endorphins/*secretion ; Enkephalin, Methionine ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*secretion ; Mice ; Neprilysin ; Potassium/pharmacology ; *Protease Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Thiorphan ; Tiopronin/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology
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    Sensory and motor functions of spinal cord substance P (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-12-18
    Description: Low doses of D-Pro2-D-Phe7-D-Trp9-substance P, as specific substance P antagonist, depressed the scratching and biting behaviors elicited by intrathecal injections of substance P, and cutaneous application of algesic substances. Higher antagonist doses caused hindlimb paralysis. This suggests that substance P is a neurotransmitter for primary nociceptor afferents and may also have an important function in motor control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piercey, M F -- Schroeder, L A -- Folkers, K -- Xu, J C -- Horig, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 18;214(4527):1361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Capsaicin/pharmacology ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects ; Skin/drug effects ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives/antagonists & ; inhibitors/pharmacology/*physiology
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    Psychoneuroendocrine influences on immunocompetence and neoplasia (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Emotional, psychosocial, or anxiety-stimulated stress produces increased plasma concentrations of adrenal corticoids and other hormones though well-known neuroendocrine pathways. A direct consequence of these increased corticoid concentrations is injury to elements of the immunological apparatus, which may leve the subject vulnerable to the action of latent oncogenic viruses, newly transformed cancer cells, or other incipient pathological processes that are normally held in check by an intact immunological apparatus. This article describes studies that examine the adverse effects of increased plasma concentrations of adrenal corticoids on the thymus and thymus-dependent T cells, inasmuch as these elements constitute a major defense system against various neoplastic processes and other pathologies. The studies demonstrate that anxiety-stress can be quantitatively induced and the consequences measured through specific biochemical and cellular parameters, providing that authentic quiescent baselines of these conditions are obtained in the experimental animals by the use of low-stress protective housing and handling techniques.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riley, V -- CA 12188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 16308/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1100-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Corticosterone/blood ; Female ; Handling (Psychology) ; Humans ; *Immunocompetence ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms/*etiology/physiopathology/psychology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Species Specificity ; Stress, Physiological/*complications ; Stress, Psychological/*complications ; Tumor Virus Infections/physiopathology
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    Inherited primary hypothyroidism in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: A new autosomal recessive mutation that causes hypothyroidism has been identified in mice. The gene, herein named hypothyroid (hyt), has been mapped on chromosome 12 approximately 30 units from the centromere. The mutants are characterized by retarded growth, infertility, mild anemia, elevated serum cholesterol, very low to undetectable serum thyroxine, and elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone. Thyroid glands are in the normal location but are reduced in size and hypoplastic. Mutant mice respond to thyroid hormone therapy by improved growth and fertility. These findings suggest that the hyt mutant gene results in primary hypothyroidism unresponsive to thyroid-stimulating hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beamer, W J -- Eicher, E M -- Maltais, L J -- Southard, J L -- AM-17947/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- NS-09378/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR-01138/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia/etiology ; Animals ; Cholesterol/blood ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism/blood/*genetics/veterinary ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains/*genetics ; Rodent Diseases/genetics ; Thyroid Gland/pathology ; Thyrotropin/metabolism
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    Molecular basis of bunyavirus transmission by mosquitoes: role of the middle-sized RNA segment (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: In an examination of the molecular basis of oral transmission of bunyaviruses by mosquitoes., La Crosse (LAC), snowshoe hare (SSH), and LAC-SSH reassortant viruses were compared in their ability to be transmitted to laboratory mice by the natural mosquito vector of LAC virus, Aedes triseriatus. Both LAC virus and the reassortment viruses containing the middle-sized (M) segment from the LAC parent were efficiently transmitted. In contrast, SSH virus and reassortment viruses containing the M RNA from the SSH parent were inefficiently transmitted. Thus, the M RNA segment, which codes for the virion glycoproteins, may be a major determinant of oral transmission of bunyaviruses by mosquitoes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beaty, B J -- Holterman, M -- Tabachnick, W -- Shope, R E -- Rozhon, E J -- Bishop, D H -- 1-T32-AI 07041/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-15400/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-15426/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1433-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6781068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*microbiology ; Animals ; Bunyaviridae/*genetics/pathogenicity ; Bunyaviridae Infections/*transmission ; Female ; Glycoproteins/physiology ; Insect Vectors ; Mice ; RNA, Viral/genetics/*physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Viral Proteins/physiology
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    Astatine-211--tellurium radiocolloid cures experimental malignant ascites (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: An investigation of the efficacy of astatine-211--tellurium colloid for the treatment of experimental malignant ascites in mice reveals that this alpha-emitting radiocolloid can be curative without causing undue toxicity to normal tissue. By comparison, negatron-emitting phosphorus-32 as colloidal chromic phosphate had no antineoplastic activity. The most compelling explanation for this striking difference is the dense ionization and short range of action associated with alpha-emission. These results have important implications for the development and use of alpha-emitters as radiocolloid therapy for the treatment of human tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloomer, W D -- McLaughlin, W H -- Neirinckx, R D -- Adelstein, S J -- Gordon, P R -- Ruth, T J -- Wolf, A P -- CA-12662/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-15523/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS-15380/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):340-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alpha Particles ; Animals ; Ascites/*radiotherapy ; Astatine/*therapeutic use ; Cell Survival/radiation effects ; Chromium/therapeutic use ; *Chromium Compounds ; Colloids ; Female ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*radiotherapy ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Phosphates/therapeutic use ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes/therapeutic use ; Radioisotopes/*therapeutic use ; Tellurium/*therapeutic use ; Transplantation, Homologous
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    Repair of the ultraviolet-irradiated male genome in fertilized mouse eggs (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: Unscheduled DNA synthesis occurred in both male and female pronuclei of the mouse zygote in response to irradiation with ultraviolet light, indicating a capacity for excision repair. Furthermore, damage to DNA of the male gamete before fertilization can be repaired after the sperm enters the egg cytoplasm.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brandriff, B -- Pedersen, R A -- T32-CA09272-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1431-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466400" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; DNA/biosynthesis/radiation effects ; *DNA Repair ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Spermatozoa/*radiation effects ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Zygote/*metabolism/radiation effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 49
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    Interaction between purine and benzodiazepine: Inosine reverses diazepam-induced stimulation of mouse exploratory behavior (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-13
    Description: Inosine, 2-deoxyinosine, and 2-deoxyguanosine completely reversed the increase in exploratory activity elicited in mice by diazepam. The inhibition of exploratory behavior by purines occurred at doses that when given alone have no effect on exploratory behavior. 7-Methylinosine, which does not bind to the brain benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on the diazepam-induced increase in exploratory behavior. Behavioral effects produced by various combinations of inosine and diazepam indicate that the interaction between purine and benzodiazepine is antagonistic and support the hypothesis that the naturally occurring purines function in anxiety-related behaviors that respond to benzodiazepine treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crawley, J N -- Marangos, P J -- Paul, S M -- Skolnick, P -- Goodwin, F K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 13;211(4483):725-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/*drug effects ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Diazepam/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Inosine/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Receptors, Drug/*drug effects ; Receptors, GABA-A
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  • 50
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    Interferon-resistant cell line lacks fatty acid cyclooxygenase activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: A clone of L1210 mouse leukemia cells selected for resistance to both the antiviral and anticellular properties of mouse interferon were essentially devoid of fatty acid cyclooxygenase activity. Experiments in which broken cell preparations were mixed or the two cell types were cultivated together failed to indicate the presence of a diffusible enzyme inhibitor. Fatty acid lipoxygenase activity of similar magnitude was detectable in both cell types. A selective impairment of fatty acid cyclooxygenase in interferon-resistant cells is consistent with recently described data suggesting that this enzyme may play a crucial role in mediating the antiviral and anticellular effects of interferon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandrabose, K A -- Cuatrecasas, P -- Pottathil, R -- Lang, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):329-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6163214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells/drug effects/enzymology ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Leukemia L1210 ; Lipoxygenase/metabolism ; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ; Mice ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/*deficiency ; Prostaglandins/biosynthesis
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  • 51
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    Lophotoxin: a novel neuromuscular toxin from Pacific sea whips of the genus Lophogorgia (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: A new neuromuscular toxin, lophotoxin, has been isolated from several pacific gorgonians of the genus Lophogorgia. The structure of lophotoxin was deduced by combined spectrochemical methods, and belongs to the well-known cembrene class of diterpenoid molecules. Lophotoxin contains furanoaldehyde and alpha, beta-epoxy-gamma-lactone functional groups, in sharp contrast to the cationic ammonium functional groups of the established neurotoxins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fenical, W -- Okuda, R K -- Bandurraga, M M -- Culver, P -- Jacobs, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6112796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cnidaria/*analysis ; Cnidarian Venoms/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Diterpenes/*isolation & purification/pharmacology/toxicity ; Electric Stimulation ; Mice ; Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Muscles/innervation ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects/physiology ; Species Specificity ; *Terpenes
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  • 52
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    Hydrogen isotope ratios of mouse tissues are influenced by a variety of factors other than diet (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeNiro, M J -- Epstein, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 18;214(4527):1374-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Deuterium/*metabolism ; *Diet ; Hydrogen/*metabolism ; Mice ; Water/metabolism
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  • 53
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    Plasminogen activator release at the neuronal growth cone (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-25
    Description: The site of plasminogen activator release by differentiated neuroblastoma clonal cell lines was determined with a fibrin overlay assay. Release of plasminogen activator was seen at the growth cone in 72 percent of the cells bearing neurites. For 21 percent of these cells the growth cone was the predominant or exclusive site of this enzyme activity. Selective release of protease at the "trailblazing" tip of the neurite may be important in neuron migration and neurite growth in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krystosek, A -- Seeds, N W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 25;213(4515):1532-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7197054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; *Cell Movement ; Cytochalasin B/pharmacology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma ; Neurons/cytology/*enzymology ; Plasminogen Activators/*metabolism/secretion ; Secretory Rate/drug effects
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  • 54
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    Nitrogen-13-labeled nitrite and nitrate: distribution and metabolism after intratracheal administration (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Radioactive nitrogen-13 from nitrite (NO2-) or nitrate (NO3-) administered intratracheally or intravenously without added carrier to mice or rabbits was distributed evenly throughout most organs and tissues regardless of the entry route or the anion administered. Nitrogen-13 from both anions was distributed uniformly between plasma and blood cells. We found rapid in vivo oxidation of NO2- to NO3- at concentrations of 2 to 3 nanomoles per liter in blood. Over 50 percent oxidation within 10 minutes accounted for the similar nitrogen-13 distributions from both parent ions. The oxidation rates were animal species-dependent. No reduction of 13NO3- to 13NO2- was observed. A mechanistic hypothesis invoking oxidation of 13NO2- by a catalase-hydrogen peroxide complex accounts for the results. These results imply a concentration dependence for the in vivo fate of NO2- or nitrogen dioxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parks, N J -- Krohn, K J -- Mathis, C A -- Chasko, J H -- Geiger, K R -- Gregor, M E -- Peek, N F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):58-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Injections, Intravenous ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nitrates/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrites/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rabbits ; Species Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Trachea
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  • 55
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    Binding and mobility of the cell surface receptors for 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: A fluorescent derivative of the thyroid hormone 3,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine binds to cultured mouse fibroblasts; such binding is saturable. Video intensification fluorescence microscopy indicates that binding occurs at the plasma membrane. Diffusion coefficients, obtained by fluorescence photobleaching recovery, are consistent with binding to a protein receptor on the cell surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maxfield, F R -- Willingham, M C -- Pastan, I -- Dragsten, P -- Cheng, S Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6255563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Endocytosis ; Kinetics ; Membrane Fluidity ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
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  • 56
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    Maternal hyperoxia greatly reduces the incidence of phenytoin-induced cleft lip and palate in A/J mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The A/J mouse has been used to study the teratogenic affects of phenytoin. The developmental abnormalities produced in offspring of this model are similar to some of the malformations observed in cases of human "fetal hydantoin syndrome." Placing pregnant A/J mice in a hyperoxic chamber after phenytoin injection greatly reduces the incidence of phenytoin-induced cleft lip and palate. These results suggest that phenytoin may affect embryonic development indirectly by altering maternal physiology. This maternally mediated mechanism, and the protection against it afforded by hyperoxia, has general implications for the effects of maternal toxicity on teratogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millicovsky, G -- Johnston, M C -- DE 02668/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE 05248/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- RR 05333/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):671-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*prevention & control ; Animals ; Cleft Lip/chemically induced/*prevention & control ; Cleft Palate/chemically induced/*prevention & control ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred A ; Oxygen/*therapeutic use ; Phenytoin/*antagonists & inhibitors
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  • 57
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    Reactivation of an inactive human X chromosome: evidence for X inactivation by DNA methylation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-23
    Description: A mouse-human somatic cell hybrid clone, deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) and containing a structurally normal inactive human X chromosome, was isolated. The hybrid cells were treated with 5-azacytidine and tested for the reactivation and expression of human X-linked genes. The frequency of HPRT-positives clones after 5-azacytidine treatment was 1000-fold greater than that observed in untreated hybrid cells. Fourteen independent HPRT-positive clones were isolated and analyzed for the expression of human X markers. Isoelectric focusing showed that the HPRT expressed in these clones is human. One of the 14 clones expressed human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and another expressed human phosphoglycerate kinase. Since 5-azacytidine treatment results in hypomethylation of DNA, DNA methylation may be a mechanism of human X chromosome inactivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mohandas, T -- Sparkes, R S -- Shapiro, L J -- HD-04612/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-05615/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-12178/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):393-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6164095" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Azacitidine/*pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA/*metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/physiology ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; Methylation ; Mice ; *Sex Chromosomes ; *X Chromosome
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  • 58
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    Continuous lines of basophil/mast cells derived from normal mouse bone marrow (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Nonadherent tissue culture cell lines were established from normal bone marrow of a variety of mouse strains. The lines possessed morphological and histochemical markers of the basophil/mast cell and contained committed stem cells for metachromatic cells. Their derivation from normal marrow and their lack of tumorigenicity despite long-term culture makes these cell lines potentially important for studies of the mechanisms of allergic reactions and inflammation as well as the differentiation pathways involving this subset of hematopoietic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nagao, K -- Yokoro, K -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):333-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Basophils ; *Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Line ; Culture Techniques ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Histocytochemistry ; *Mast Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains
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  • 59
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    Individual hippocampal mossy fiber distribution in mice correlates with two-way avoidance performance (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: Mice systematically bred for randomization of their genotype show large individual differences when performing a two-way avoidance task (shuttle-box learning). Their behavioral scores correlate strongly (r = -0.80, P less than .01) with the number of mossy fibers synapsing on basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons, poor avoiders having relatively more such terminals. This confirms previous findings showing that rat and mouse strains known for genetically dependent poor avoidance learning have extended intra- and infrapyramidal mossy fiber projections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwegler, H -- Lipp, H P -- Van der Loos, H -- Buselmaier, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):817-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/*cytology/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Pyramidal Tracts/cytology
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  • 60
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    Fetal alcohol syndrome: embryogenesis in a mouse model (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: When two small doses of ethanol were administered to pregnant mice during the gastrulation stage of embryogenesis, the embryos developed craniofacial malformations closely resembling those seen in the human fetal alcohol syndrome. Striking histological changes appeared in the developing brain (neuroectoderm) within 24 hours of exposure. Decreased development of the neural plate and its derivatives apparently accounts for the craniofacial malformations. The critical exposure period is equivalent to the third week in human pregnancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sulik, K K -- Johnston, M C -- Webb, M A -- DE 02668/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE 05906/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- RR 05333/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):936-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Child ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryo, Mammalian/*drug effects/ultrastructure ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Eye Abnormalities ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Pregnancy
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  • 61
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    At long last, Linus Pauling lands NCI grant (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1126-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7015509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascorbic Acid/*therapeutic use ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Mice ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 62
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    Taurine: possible role in osmotic regulation of mammalian heart (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-12-18
    Description: It is well established that taurine plays an important role in the maintenance of intracellular osmolal concentration in marine invertebrates, teleosts, and amphibians. In fresh water, concentrations of taurine in body tissues decrease; in salt water, they increase. In this study with mice we found that during adaptation of these mammals to chronic hypernatremia, the taurine content of the heart increased; concentrations of other amino acids were unchanged or were decreased. Welty and his associated have shown that acute hyponatremia lowered the taurine concentration of rat heart. In concert, these data suggest that taurine also may serve as an osmotic agent in mammalian heart.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thurston, J H -- Hauhart, R E -- Naccarato, E F -- NB 06163/NB/NB NIH HHS/ -- NS 15660/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 18;214(4527):1373-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/*physiology ; Animals ; Heart/*physiology ; Mice ; Taurine/*physiology ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 63
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    Activation of the transforming potential of a normal cell sequence: a molecular model for oncogenesis (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: The molecularly cloned, long terminal repeat (LTR) of the Moloney sarcoma virus (M-MSV) provirus has been covalently linked to c-mos, the cellular homolog of the M-MSV-specific sequence, v-mos. These newly constructed clones lack any M-MSV-derived sequences other than the LTR, but in DNA transfection assays they transform cells as efficiently as cloned subgenomic M-MSV fragments containing both v-mos and LTR. Cells transformed by LTR:c-mos hybrid molecules contain additional copies of mos DNA, and several size classes of polyadenylated RNA's with sequence homology to mos. The activation of the transforming potential of c-mos by the proviral LTR suggests a model whereby LTR-like elements could activate other normal cell sequences with oncogenic potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blair, D G -- Oskarsson, M -- Wood, T G -- McClements, W L -- Fischinger, P J -- Vande Woude, G G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):941-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Recombinant ; Defective Viruses/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Operon ; Plasmids
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  • 64
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    Feminizing effect of mesonephros on cultured differentiating mouse gonads and ducts (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: Gonads were removed from fetal mice at about the time that gonadal sex differentiation occurs. The gonads were cultured in vitro with or without their mesonephric tissue. When gonads and ducts removed from sexually undifferentiated fetuses were cultured together, the gonads of both sexes developed female characteristics, whereas gonads cultured without mesonephros developed according to the sex of the fetus from which they were removed. Gonads of sexually differentiated fetuses developed whether they were cultured with or without the mesonephros.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Byskov, A G -- Grinsted, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):817-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culture Techniques ; Embryonic Induction ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Male ; Mesonephros/*physiology ; Mice ; Mullerian Ducts/physiology ; Ovary/*embryology ; Sex Differentiation ; Testis/*embryology ; Wolffian Ducts/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Inflammatory toxin from Mycoplasma bovis: isolation and characterization (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: An inflammatory toxin was extracted from Mycoplasma bovis with 75 percent aqueous ethanol. The toxin is a complex polysaccharide composed of glucose, glucosamine or galactosamine, and a heptose, is heat-stable, devoid of protein and lipid, and has a molecular weight of 73,000. The holotoxin in the cell membrane is a glycoprotein; however, it is the polysaccharide portion that is toxic. This inflammatory toxin increases vascular permeability and is capable of activating complement. Infusion of 0.9 milligram of toxin into the bovine udder resulted in the characteristic eosinophilic mastitis produced by Mycoplasma bovine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geary, S J -- Tourtellotte, M E -- Cameron, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1032-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Toxins/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Biological Assay ; Cattle ; Inflammation/chemically induced ; Kidney/drug effects ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mycoplasma/*analysis
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    Metkephamid, a systemically active analog of methionine enkephalin with potent opioid alpha-receptor activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Metkephamid is an analog of methionine enkephalin that retains high affinity for the delta receptor and is a systemically active analgesic. Since it is at least 100 times more potent than morphine as an analgesic when placed directly into the lateral ventricles, and is 30 to 100 times more potent on the delta receptor and yet is roughly equipotent on the mu receptor in vitro, it is concluded that it probably produces analgesia by action on delta receptors as well as, or rather than, on mu receptors. It has less tendency to produce respiratory depression, tolerance, and physical dependence than standard analgesics, and it is presently undergoing clinical trial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Smithwick, E L -- Shuman, R -- Bemis, K G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesics ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; *Enkephalin, Methionine/*analogs & derivatives ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance-Related Disorders/etiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Mammalian gonadal determination and gametogenesis (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Although a relationship between the X and Y chromosomes and mammalian sexual development has long been recognized, a detailed understanding of this relation is still lacking. Recent advances in somatic cell genetics and recombinant DNA technology should provide the tools for solving this fundamental problem in developmental genetics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, J W -- Ruddle, F H -- 1F32GM07959-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM09966-19/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1265-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/isolation & purification ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Female ; Fertility ; Genetic Markers ; H-Y Antigen/genetics ; Male ; Mammals/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oogenesis ; Ovary/embryology ; *Sex Chromosomes ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Differentiation ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis/embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Integration and stable germ line transmission of genes injected into mouse pronuclei (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: Genetic material has been successfully transferred into the genomes of newborn mice by injection of that material into pronuclei of fertilized eggs. Initial results indicated two patterns of processing the injected DNA: one in which the material was not integrated into the host genome, and another in which the injected genes became associated with high molecular weight DNA. These patterns are maintained through further development to adulthood. The evidence presented indicates the covalent association of injected DNA with host sequences, and transmission of such linked sequences in a Mendelian distribution to two succeeding generations of progeny.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordon, J W -- Ruddle, F H -- GMO7959-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GMO9966/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1244-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/*metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; *Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Herpesviridae/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovum/*physiology ; *Plasmids ; Pregnancy ; Sex Ratio ; Simian virus 40/enzymology ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Trisomic hemopoietic stem cells of fetal origin restore hemopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-13
    Description: Autosomal trisomy in the mouse is invariably associated with fetal or early postnatal death. Hemopoietic stem cells from fetuses trisomic for chromosome 12 or 19 can be rescued by transplantation into lethally irradiated mice. These trisomic cells restore hemopoiesis, including lymphopoiesis, in the irradiated mice and establish a permanent and almost complete engraftment. There is no evidence that hemopoietic cells with trisomy 12 or 19 are cytogenetically unstable.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herbst, E W -- Pluznik, D H -- Gropp, A -- Uthgennant, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 13;211(4487):1175-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466390" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival ; Erythropoiesis ; *Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Karyotyping ; Lymphocytes/physiology ; Mice ; Radiation Chimera ; *Trisomy
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    Fidelity of mammalian DNA polymerases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: The fidelity of copying natural DNA in vitro with each of the three classes of eukaryotic DNA polymerases has been determined. DNA polymerases-beta and -gamma are highly inaccurate, catalyzing noncomplementary single-base substitution at a frequency between 1/3000 and 1/8000. DNA polymerase-alpha is substantially more accurate, with an error rate of 1/30,000. When the error rates of these DNA polymerases are considered in the context of the accuracy of DNA replicative processes in vivo, it seems likely that other factors must exist in mammalian cells which are involved in the accurate replication and maintenance of the genetic information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kunkel, T A -- Loeb, L A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):765-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6454965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteriophage phi X 174/genetics ; Cattle ; Cell Nucleus/enzymology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; *DNA Replication ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mitochondria/enzymology ; Rats ; Substrate Specificity ; Templates, Genetic
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    Prostacyclin: a potent antimetastatic agent (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: Metastasis is the principal cause of failures to cure human cancers. Prostacyclin is a powerful antimetastatic agent against B16 amelanotic melanoma cells. This effect, which may result from the platelet antiaggregatory action of prostacyclin, is potentiated by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Inhibitors of prostacyclin synthesis increase metastasis. Prostacyclin and agents that may increase endogenous prostacyclin production or prolong its activity are suggested as new antimetastatic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Honn, K V -- Cicone, B -- Skoff, A -- CA 29405/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1270-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7015512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antineoplastic Agents ; Epoprostenol/*therapeutic use ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy/*secondary ; Melanoma/*drug therapy ; Mice ; *Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Prostaglandins/*therapeutic use ; Theophylline/therapeutic use
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    A coeruleo-spinal system in culture (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: In combined cultures of dissociated spinal neurons and explants from the region of locus coeruleus, rich catecholamine-containing fiber projections from the explant to the surrounding regions of spinal neurons were demonstrated by fluorescence histochemistry. Electrical stimulation of the explant resulted in slow depolarizing responses in many of the spinal neurons. Cells exhibiting this type of response were also usually depolarized by local application of noradrenaline, whereas other, unresponsive neurons usually were not. The depolarizing responses to electrical stimulation and to noradrenaline were both increased by depolarizing current injection and decreased by hyperpolarizing current. These and other data suggest that the depolarizing responses of the spinal neurons to explant stimulation are mediated by noradrenaline released from axons of locus coeruleus neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, K C -- Pun, R Y -- Hendelman, W J -- Nelson, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):355-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Desipramine/pharmacology ; Locus Coeruleus/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neurons/physiology ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Spinal Cord/cytology/drug effects/*physiology
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    Globin gene transferred (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 25;213(4515):1488.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Globins/*genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Rabbits
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Angiogenesis inhibitors link many diseases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1374-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cornea/blood supply/drug effects ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms/analysis/blood supply/*drug therapy ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*blood supply/*drug therapy ; Proteins/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Retina/analysis
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    Journey to the center of the cell: role of the receptosome (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-30
    Description: Fibroblasts contain a specific internalization pathway that carries hormones as well as some proteins and viruses from the cell surface to the cell interior. Initially, the ligands bind to mobile receptors that are randomly distributed on the cell surface. Next the ligand-receptor complexes are trapped and concentrated in specialized regions of the membrane termed bristle-coated pits. From the pit a smooth-walled vesicle containing the ligand forms and carries the ligand to the cell interior. Because of its role in receptor-mediated endocytosis, this vesicle has been termed a "receptosome."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pastan, I H -- Willingham, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 30;214(4520):504-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6170111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cells, Cultured ; Clathrin ; Cytoplasm/physiology ; *Endocytosis ; Exocytosis ; Fibroblasts/*physiology ; Ligands ; Membrane Fluidity ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; alpha-Macroglobulins/metabolism ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolism
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    Warburg effect revisited: merger of biochemistry and molecular biology (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Racker, E -- Spector, M -- CA-08964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-14454/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):303-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/metabolism ; Brain/*enzymology ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Electric Organ/enzymology ; Electrophorus ; *Glycolysis/drug effects ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Polyomavirus/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism
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    Germplasm conservation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1074, 1076.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6946561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Skin tumor-promoting activity of benzoyl peroxide, a widely used free radical-generating compound (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: Benzoyl peroxide, a widely used free radical-generating compound, promoted both papillomas and carcinomas when it was topically applied to mice after 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene initiation. Benzoyl peroxide was inactive on the skin as a complete carcinogen or as a tumor initiator. A single topical application of benzoyl peroxide produced a marked epidermal hyperplasia and induced a large number of dark basal keratinocytes, effects similar to those produced by the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate. Benzoyl peroxide, like other known tumor promoters, also inhibited metabolic cooperation (intercellular communication) in Chinese hamster cells. In view of these results caution should be recommended in the use of this and other free radical-generating compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slaga, T J -- Klein-Szanto, A J -- Triplett, L L -- Yotti, L P -- Trosko, K E -- CA 21104/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1023-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6791284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene ; Animals ; *Benzoyl Peroxide ; *Cocarcinogenesis ; Free Radicals ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; *Peroxides ; Skin Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
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    Lysosomal cathepsin B: correlation with metastatic potential (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Although lysosomal enzymes are implicated in the processes of tumor invasion and metastasis, their cellular origin within the tumor is unclear. The activity of the lysosomal proteinase cathepsin B is significantly elevated in a variant of the B16 melanoma with high metastatic potential. The cathepsin B activity is localized to the lysosomes of the tumor cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sloane, B F -- Dunn, J R -- Honn, K V -- CA29405/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cathepsin B ; Cathepsins/*metabolism ; Genetic Variation ; Hydrolases/metabolism ; Lysosomes/*enzymology ; Melanoma/*physiopathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*physiopathology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/physiopathology ; Subcellular Fractions/enzymology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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