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  • Humans  (270)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (270)
  • 1980-1984  (270)
  • 1982  (270)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (270)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (270)
Year
  • 1
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    Reexamination of acoustic evidence in the Kennedy assassination. Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, National Research Council (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Sounds recorded in Dallas at the time of the assassination of John F. Kennedy were analyzed by two research groups, whose reports formed the basis for the opinion that two gunmen fired at President Kennedy. These reports and the acoustic evidence have been studied by the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, and further acoustic analyses, including sound spectrograms, have been performed. The committee finds that the acoustic data do not support a conclusion that a second gunman was involved in the assassination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):127-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics ; *Famous Persons ; *Forensic Medicine ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Texas ; *Wounds, Gunshot
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Mycotoxin weapons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):776-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia, Southeastern ; *Biological Warfare ; Humans ; *Mycotoxins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Chromatic valence curves: alternative interpretation derived by the direct matching method (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: The amount of red chromatic valence of the red-green opponent colors channel of the human visual system has been reported to be greatly reduced in short wavelengths when the hue-matching method is used to measure red valence instead of the more typical cancellation method. Receptive fields with a silent surround were postulated to explain the reduction, and it was emphasized that the reduced valence curve represented the true chromatic valence curve of the visual system. In the present studies the previous results are interpreted to be a direct consequence of the method and the particular matching stimuli used. It is shown that the reduction can be explained by the existing color-matching data without appealing to the silent surround hypothesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ayama, M -- Ikeda, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1538-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Color Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Gene transfer between eukaryotes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benveniste, R E -- Todaro, G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Physiological Phenomena ; Eukaryotic Cells/*physiology ; Humans ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Retroviridae/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Mice regrow the tips of their foretoes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Mice will replace the tip of a foretoe when it is amputated distal to the last interphalangeal joint. Amputation of the digit more proximal to the joint does not result in regrowth of the foretoe. Though this growth shares certain similarities with the epimorphic regeneration of amphibian limbs, the two processes are not the same. The regrowth reported here in mice is probably similar to the scattered clinical reports of fingertips regeneration in children, and presents a model system with which to explore the controls of wound healing and tissue reconstruction in mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borgens, R B -- CA 20920/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS 18456/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):747-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amputation ; Animals ; Child ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; *Regeneration ; Toe Joint ; Toes/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Wound Healing
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Nonsmokers and cigarette smoke: a modified perception of risk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bock, F G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):197.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Risk ; *Smoking ; *Tobacco Smoke Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Researcher denied future U.S. funds (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 4;216(4550):1081.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Federal Government ; *Financial Support ; *Financing, Government ; *Fraud ; *Government ; Government Regulation ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Public Policy ; *Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Social Control, Formal ; Social Responsibility ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Publisher settles suit, says clone book is a fake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):391.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cloning, Organism ; *Fraud ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Literature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Radioactivity in the Urals (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):198, 200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Radioactive Fallout ; *Radioactive Pollutants ; *Rural Population ; Ussr
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    T-lymphocyte immunology and hominoid evolution (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cartmill, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6983135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Humans ; Primates/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Topological structure in visual perception (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Three experiments on tachistoscopic perception of visual stimuli demonstrate that the visual system is sensitive to global topological properties. The results indicate that extraction of global topological properties is a basic factor in perceptual organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):699-700.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134969" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Form Perception ; Humans ; *Visual Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Phosphoglucomutase: evidence for a new locus expressed in human milk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Electrophoretic study of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in human milk revealed different patterns that can be explained by the existence of a locus distinct from the common PGM1, PGM2, and PGM3. One hundred and forty samples were tested and the results showed four different alleles of PGM4 whose frequencies were under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cantu, J M -- Ibarra, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):639-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6461922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Erythrocytes/enzymology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Milk, Human/*enzymology ; Phenotype ; Phosphoglucomutase/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    OSHA policy on carcinogens (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cowan, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):884.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases/chemically induced ; United States ; *United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Autoantibodies to nucleosomal proteins: antibodies to HMG-17 in autoimmune diseases (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: The relative amounts of autoantibodies against defined nucleosomal proteins present in serums from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) have been examined by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Autoantibodies to nucleosomal proteins were detected in 45 percent of the patients with SLE, 18 percent of the MCTD patients, and none of the RA patients. The results suggest that, in SLE, antibodies are formed against a subset of nucleosomes which contain protein HMG-17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bustin, M -- Reisch, J -- Einck, L -- Klippel, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1245-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6460317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*immunology ; High Mobility Group Proteins ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology ; Mixed Connective Tissue Disease/immunology ; Nucleosomes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Theory and observation in cultural transmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Cultural phenomena may show considerable stability over time and space. Transmission mechanisms responsible for their maintenance are worthy of theoretical and empirical inquiry; they are complex and each possible pathway has different effects on evolutionary stability of traits, as can be shown theoretically. A survey designed to evaluate the importance of some components of cultural transmission on a variety of traits showed that religion and politics are mostly determined in the family, a mode of transmission which guarantees high evolutionary stability and maintenance of high variation between and within groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cavalli-Sforza, L L -- Feldman, M W -- Chen, K H -- Dornbusch, S M -- 10452/PHS HHS/ -- 20467/PHS HHS/ -- 20816/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):19-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Child ; Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Marriage ; Models, Psychological ; *Parent-Child Relations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Development of mouse embryos in vitro: preimplantation to the limb bud stage (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Mouse embryos were grown successfully in vitro from the blastocyst stage to the limb bud stage. Mouse blastocysts grown in vitro for 10 days showed blood circulation in the yilk sac, forelimb buds, and the primordia of liver, pancreas, and lungs. These characteristics are indicative of a developmental stage equivalent to one-half of the total gestation period in utero. Improvements in culture conditions from days 7 to 9 have made it feasible to culture mouse blastocysts beyond the early somite stage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, L T -- Hsu, Y C -- AM 19535/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 28550/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):66-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Humans ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Yolk Sac/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    A new subtype of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-II) associated with a T-cell variant of hairy cell leukemia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is a human type-C RNA tumor virus (retrovirus) previously identified in and isolated from several patients with T-cell leukemias or lymphomas. The known virus isolates from the United States and Japan are closely related and are found in adults with an acute malignancy of mature T cells. A related retrovirus has been found in a patient (Mo) with a somewhat different disease (a T-cell variant of relatively benign hairy cell leukemia). Serum from Mo contains antibodies to the major internal core protein (p24) of HTLV. A T-cell line established from the spleen of Mo expresses HTLV antigens. However, HTLV from Mo is significantly different from all previous HTLV isolates in immunological cross-reactivity tests of p24. The usual prototype HTLV isolate is represented as HTLV-I, and the HTLV from Mo is represented as HTLV-II. Individual members of each subgroup may then be identified by subscript initials of the patient [for example, HTLV-I(CR), HTLV-I(MB), and HTLV-II(Mo)].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalyanaraman, V S -- Sarngadharan, M G -- Robert-Guroff, M -- Miyoshi, I -- Golde, D -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):571-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Humans ; Leukemia, Hairy Cell/*microbiology ; Retroviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/microbiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Monoclonal antibody to acetylcholine receptor: cell line established from thymus of patient with Myasthenia gravis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: A human B cell line producing a monoclonal antibody to an antigenic determinant of acetylcholine receptors was established by cloning B cells that had been transformed in vitro by Epstein-Barr virus. The B cells were obtained from the thymus of a patient with myasthenia gravis. The antibody produced by the cell line precipitated acetylcholine receptors from denervated and innervated rat muscle and from human muscle, but did not show detectable response to the acetylcholine receptors from the electric organs of Narke japonica. The monoclonal antibody showed identical binding patterns in innervated and denervated rat muscles. Passive transfer of the monoclonal antibody into rats induced moderate muscle weakness and electromyographic changes characteristic of myasthenia gravis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kamo, I -- Furukawa, S -- Tada, A -- Mano, Y -- Iwasaki, Y -- Furuse, T -- Ito, N -- Hayashi, K -- Satoyoshi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; *Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Muscles/immunology/innervation ; Myasthenia Gravis/immunology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Human immunoglobulin heavy chain genes map to a region of translocations in malignant B lymphocytes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kirsch, I R -- Morton, C C -- Nakahara, K -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801764" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Fetal hemoglobin genes turned on in adults (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1295-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use ; Fetal Hemoglobin/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Thalassemia/therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 21
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    Heart study produces a surprise result (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):31-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diuretics/*adverse effects ; Heart Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Risk ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    On the origin of introns (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):921-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112105" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Base Sequence ; *Genes ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Heterogeneity in epidermal basal keratinocytes: morphological and functional correlations (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Two structurally distinct populations of basal keratinocytes, nonserrated and serrated, were observed in cynomolgus monkey and human palm epidermis. Anatomical location, fine structural features, and kinetic properties suggest that nonserrated cells represent a stem cell population and that serrated cells help anchor the epidermis to the dermis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavker, R M -- Sun, T T -- AM 25140/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- EY 00125/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 02472/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1239-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Epidermis/*cytology ; Hand ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Rabies treatment (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lele, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123224" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dogs ; Humans ; Medicine, Ayurvedic ; Plant Extracts/*therapeutic use ; *Plants, Medicinal ; Rabies/*prevention & control
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    Spectral character of sunlight modulates photosynthesis of previtamin D3 and its photoisomers in human skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The photosynthesis of previtamin D3 from 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin was determined after exposure to narrow-band radiation or simulated solar radiation. The optimum wavelengths for the production of previtamin D3 were determined to be between 295 and 300 nanometers. When human skin was exposed to 295-nanometer radiation, up to 65 percent of the original 7-dehydrocholesterol content was converted to previtamin D3. In comparison, when adjacent skin was exposed to simulated solar radiation, the maximum formation of previtamin D3 was about 20 percent. Major differences in the formation of lumisterol3, and tachysterol3 from previtamin D3 were also observed. It is concluded that the spectral character of natural sunlight has a profound effect on the photochemistry of 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLaughlin, J A -- Anderson, R R -- Holick, M F -- AM 27334/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1001-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cholecalciferol/*biosynthesis/metabolism ; Dehydrocholesterols/radiation effects ; Ergosterol/metabolism ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerism ; Photochemistry ; Skin/*metabolism ; Spectrum Analysis ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Ultraviolet Rays
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    How did humans evolve big brains? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):840-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Primates/*anatomy & histology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Natural antibodies to human retrovirus HTLV in a cluster of Japanese patients with adult T cell leukemia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: Human T cell lymphoma leukemia virus (HTLV) is a human retrovirus (RNA tumor virus) that was originally isolated from a few patients with leukemias or lymphomas involving mature T lymphocytes. Here we report that the serum of Japanese patients with adult T cell leukemia, but not the serum of tested normal donors, contains high titers of antibodies to HTLV. These observations, together with data from Japan showing that adult T cell leukemia is endemic in southwest Japan, suggest that HTLV is involved in a subtype of human T cell malignancy, including Japanese adult T cell leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robert-Guroff, M -- Nakao, Y -- Notake, K -- Ito, Y -- Sliski, A -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):975-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6760397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antibody Specificity ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Japan ; Leukemia/*immunology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; *T-Lymphocytes
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Identification of the constant chromosome regions involved in human hematologic malignant disease (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Specific consistent chromosome translocations are regularly observed in certain human leukemias and lymphomas. For the myeloid leukemias, the constant recombinants are: the long arm of 9 to chromosome 22 in chronic myeloid leukemia, the long arm of 21 to chromosome 8 in acute myeloblastic leukemia, and the long arm of 17 to chromosome 15 in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Three related translocations are seen in Burkitt lymphoma and B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia; in each one, chromosome 8 is involved with chromosome 2, 14, or 22. Analysis of a complex translocation affecting chromosomes 8 and 14 indicates that the translocation of chromosome 8 to chromosome 14 is the critical constant rearrangement. The analysis of the DNA at the translocation sites of these chromosomes, rather than the reciprocal of each translocation, appears to be the most productive focus for initial study. The various immunoglobulin loci are located in chromosomes 2, 14, and 22, the chromosomes regularly involved in translocations in Burkitt lymphoma and B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rowley, J D -- CA 16910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 19266/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 25568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):749-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Lymphoma/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Sugar and dental caries: a review of human studies (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Studies of special population groups, epidemiological surveys, controlled longitudinal studies of humans, and longitudinal studies on the effect of sugar substitutes indicate that frequent or high intake of sugary foods predisposes to dental decay. The relation is not always clear-cut, and most studies have important methodological problems and limitations. Longitudinal measurements of caries increments combined with multiple dietary histories are needed to clarity the association between caries and eating habits. The relative cariogenicity of specific foods can be assessed by a combination of in vitro tests, human in vivo tests, and experimental caries in animals. Human diets, however, vary in food items eaten and the frequency and sequence of eating, and these factors can affect the cariogenicity of a food. Therefore, reported correlations must be interpreted with caution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newbrun, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):418-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Cariogenic Agents ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries/epidemiology/*etiology ; *Diet, Cariogenic ; Food Habits ; Food Preferences ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Sucrose/adverse effects/metabolism ; Sweetening Agents/pharmacology
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    Benzodiazepine receptor-mediated experimental "anxiety" in primates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: The ethyl ester of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid has a high affinity for benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. In the rhesus monkey this substance produces an acute behavioral syndrome characterized by dramatic elevations in heart rate, blood pressure, plasma cortisol, and catecholamines. The effects are blocked by benzodiazepines and the specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. The benzodiazepine receptor may consist of several subsites or functional domains that independently recognize agonist, antagonists, or "active" antagonists such as beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. These results suggest that the benzodiazepine receptor is involved in both the affective and physiological manifestations of anxiety, and that the administration of beta-carboxylic acid ethyl ester to monkeys may provide a reliable and reproducible animal model of human anxiety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ninan, P T -- Insel, T M -- Cohen, R M -- Cook, J M -- Skolnick, P -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1332-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/*etiology ; Benzodiazepinones ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Carbolines/pharmacology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Flumazenil ; Heart Rate/*drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Receptors, GABA-A
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    No fraud found in alcoholism study (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):771.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alcoholism ; *Behavioral Research ; Fraud ; Humans ; *Research ; United States ; allegations that they fabricated data in a project on treatment of alcoholics. ; Their research, which suggested that some alcoholics can reject abstinence and ; learn to moderate their drinking, was disputed by other researchers. The ; investigating committee did not judge whether alcoholics can indeed become ; moderate drinkers but concluded that the Sobells had carried out the research as ; reported except for one lapse ascribed to carelessness. The procedures of the ; committee, which was appointed by the Addiction Research Foundation where the ; Sobells are now employed, have been questioned by critics.
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    Scientists implicated in atom test deception (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):545-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Coercion ; *Deception ; Federal Government ; Government ; *Hazardous Substances ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Information Services ; Judicial Role ; Jurisprudence ; Nevada ; Nuclear Warfare ; *Public Policy ; *Radiation ; *Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Utah ; Atomic Energy Commission officials suppressed data indicating a link between two ; 1953 atomic bomb tests in Nevada and sheep deaths in neighboring Utah, and then ; pressured scientific investigators to concur with the AEC position. In a 1956 ; trial, a federal judge denied compensation to the sheep owners. Evidence of the ; deception came to light in 1979 and 1980 and, on 24 August 1982, the same judge ; ordered a new trial, ruling that several AEC attorneys and scientists had indeed ; misrepresented the facts. His ruling has been appealed by the Department of ; Justice.
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    The risks of living near Love Canal (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):808-9, 811.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chemical Industry ; Humans ; *Industrial Waste ; Risk ; United States
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    Color vision is altered during the suppression phase of binocular rivalry (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: Increment-threshold spectral sensitivity functions were determined during the dominance and suppression phases of binocular rivalry. The shapes of the functions obtained during the dominance phase exhibited three maxima at approximately 440, 530, and 610 nanometers and resembled functions obtained for nonrivalrous control conditions. However, the functions measured during suppression had a single broad peak near 555 nanometers and were adequately described by functions measured with flicker methods during nonrivalrous conditions. The results indicate that binocular rivalry differentially attenuates opponent-color information relative to achromatic information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, E L -- Levi, D M -- Harwerth, R S -- White, J M -- EY01139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY01728/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY03611/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY003611/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):802-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Color Perception ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Sensory Thresholds ; *Vision, Ocular
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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    Chinese decry dishonesty in scientific research (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):871.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; *Fraud ; Humans ; *Research Personnel ; Science ; *Scientific Misconduct ; similar to those that have been troubling the American scientific community. ; Several articles are cited which report cases of fabrication of data, plagiarism, ; or unfair claims to authorship. A Chinese scientific journal has begun a regular ; column on ethics in science, and researchers have drafted a code of ethics for ; the Peking scientific community.
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    Washington set to act on heptachlor in milk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):912-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6896767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Food Contamination ; *Heptachlor ; Humans ; *Milk
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  • 38
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    OSHA's new thoughts on cancer policy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):35.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; *Government Agencies ; Humans ; Neoplasms/chemically induced/*prevention & control ; Risk ; United States
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  • 39
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    Lethal effect of phenothiazine neuroleptics on the pathogenic protozoan Leishmania donovani (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Phenothiazine drugs, which are widely used for their antipsychotic, antianxiety, and antiemetic effects, have been found to have protozoacidal effects on the human pathogen Leishmania donovani. These compounds are lethal to both the extracellular stage of the organism, which is inoculated into humans by the sand fly, and the intracellular stage, which is found solely in human macrophages during established infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, R D -- Manian, A A -- Harcus, J L -- Hall, D -- Hewlett, E L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):369-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Chlorpromazine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Leishmania/*drug effects ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*drug therapy ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Mesocricetus
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    Cholinergic innervation in neuritic plaques (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Although several studies of Alzheimer's disease suggest that the frequency of neuritic plaques in the cerebral cortex is correlated with the severity of dementia and with reduction in presynaptic cholinergic markers in the cortex, the relationship between cholinergic cortical innervation and the pathogenesis of plaques is unknown. The hypothesis was tested that the neurites in the plaque consist, in part, of presynaptic cholinergic axons, many of which arise from neurons in the basal forebrain. This hypothesis was tested by analyzing the character and distribution of plaques in monkeys, aged 4 to 31 years, with staining for acetylcholin-esterase and also with Congo red and silver stains. Immature and mature plaques were rich in acetylcholinesterase. As the plaques matured, the amount of amyloid increased, and the number of neurites and the activity of acetylcholinesterase decreased. End-stage amyloid-rich plaques lacked acetylcholinesterase. These observations indicate that changes in cortical cholinergic innervation are an important feature in the pathogenesis and evolution of the neuritic plaque.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Struble, R G -- Cork, L C -- Whitehouse, P J -- Price, D L -- NS 07179/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15721/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):413-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6803359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase/*metabolism ; Aging ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism/*pathology ; Amyloid/*metabolism ; Animals ; Dementia/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurons/metabolism
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    Risk estimate vanishes from benzene report (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):914-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112104" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzene/*adverse effects ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Internationality ; Occupational Diseases/*etiology ; *Professional Misconduct ; Risk ; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) deleted a scientific advisory ; group's estimate of the risk of leukemia in workers exposed to small amounts of ; the chemical. Allegations are reported that the estimate, which would have had ; regulatory implications for U.S. industry, was omitted because the National ; Cancer Institute (NCI), responding to industry complaints about the data, ; cautioned the IARC director to refrain from quantitative risk assessment in its ; NCI-funded monographs.
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    Developmental equations for postural tremor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tryon, W W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):300-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Brain/growth & development/*physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Infant ; Tremor/*physiopathology
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    Human aldehyde dehydrogenase: mechanism of inhibition of disulfiram (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Disulfiram labeled with carbon-14 reacts specifically with human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase E1 with loss of catalytic activity and no incorporation of label. Carbon-14-labeled diethyldithiocarbamate is formed and the number of enzyme sulfhydryl groups decreases from 34 to 30 during this process. Activity is recovered by-mercaptoethanol but not by glutathione, the physiological reducing agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vallari, R C -- Pietruszko, R -- AA 00186/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- K0200046/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):637-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cytoplasm/enzymology ; Disulfiram/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors ; Liver/enzymology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/antagonists & inhibitors
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    Cytomegalovirus antibody in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients detected by enzyme immunoassay (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: By means of enzyme immunoassay techniques to detect the presence of antibody to cytomegalovirus, the cerebrospinal fluid of 178 patients with schizophrenia, 17 patients with bipolar disorders, and 11 other psychiatric patients was compared with that of 79 neurological patients and 41 normal control subjects. The cerebrospinal fluid of 20 of the schizophrenic patients and 3 of the patients with bipolar disorders showed significant increases in immunoglobulin M antibody to cytomegalovirus; no difference was found in patients on or off psychotropic medications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Torrey, E F -- Yolken, R H -- Winfrey, C J -- N01 AI 92616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):892-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Bipolar Disorder/immunology/microbiology ; Cytomegalovirus/immunology ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/*complications ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M/analysis ; Schizophrenia/immunology/*microbiology
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    Agricultural research and Third World food production (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: By the close of this century the world may have to feed as many as 2 billion additional people. Most of them will be born in developing countries, especially in marginal lands ill-suited for food production. This article focuses on efforts by the International Agricultural Research Centers to increase food production in the Third World and addresses the social and ecological issues raised by the introduction of high-yielding varieties into fertile Third World lands and describe how varieties are being tailored for introduction into marginal areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Plucknett, D L -- Smith, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):215-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; *Developing Countries ; Ecology ; *Food Supply ; Humans ; *Research
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    Breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Breast-feeding is important to infant nutrition, morbidity, and mortality, and to postpartum amenorrhea (hence to birth intervals). Evidence on breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries from nationally representative World Fertility Surveys and secondary sources shows that in all but a few such countries most children are breast-fed for at least a few months. The limited evidence available on trends seems to indicate a decline in the duration of breast-feeding, but in most of Asia and Africa breast-feeding is almost universal during at least the first 6 months. Earlier weaning is common in Latin America.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Popkin, B M -- Bilsborrow, R E -- Akin, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1088-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Asia ; *Breast Feeding ; *Developing Countries ; Female ; Humans ; Rural Population ; South America ; Time Factors ; Urban Population
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  • 47
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    Systemic lupus erythematosus: presence in human serum of an unusual acid-labile leukocyte interferon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: A previously undescribed species of human leukocyte, or alpha, interferon is present in the serum of many patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. It was shown to be alpha-interferon by neutralization with specific antiserums, affinity column chromatography, and antiviral activity on bovine cells. However, 23 of 30 interferon samples tested were inactivated by incubation at pH 2, a characteristic of human "immune," or gamma, interferon. Multiple samples of interferon from the same patient had similar biological properties, but samples from different patients were not all identical, suggesting that several variants of this species of human alpha-interferon may exist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Preble, O T -- Black, R J -- Friedman, R M -- Klippel, J H -- Vilcek, J -- R01-AI-07057/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI-12948/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6176024" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Interferons/*blood/immunology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*blood
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    Modulation of spasticity: prolonged suppression of a spinal reflex by electrical stimulation (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: Electrical subcutaneous nerve stimulation of radial, median, and saphenous nerves has been shown to produce prolonged analgesia. In a double blind study, such stimulation also suppressed clonus for 3 hours after stimulation ceased in subjects with spasticity. Since the effect is contralateral, each subject was his own control. Because stimulation of the nerve in the wrist suppressed ankle clonus, the mechanism mediating the effect must be centrifugal inhibition. These results suggest that subcutaneous nerve stimulation may also be a tool in the management of spasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):203-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Electric Stimulation ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/physiopathology ; Muscle Spasticity/physiopathology/*therapy ; Peripheral Nerves/physiopathology ; Reflex/physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiopathology
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    Temporal trends in the lead concentrations of umbilical cord blood (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Umbilical cord blood specimens from 11,837 births between April 1979 and April 1981 have been analyzed for lead by anodic stripping voltammetry. The mean was 6.56 +/- 3.19 (standard deviation) micrograms per deciliter of blood, and the range was 0.0 to 37.0 micrograms per deciliter. The mean decreased annually by 0.77 +/- 0.03 microgram per deciliter, about 11 percent. Lead concentrations were higher in infants born in summer than in infants born in winter (7.17 versus 5.99, probability less than .001). A Fourier model of the data is presented, and possible reasons for the decline are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabinowitz, M B -- Needleman, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Boston ; Environmental Exposure ; Fetal Blood/*analysis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lead/*blood ; Longitudinal Studies ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Seasons
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    How do we avoid confounding the direction we are looking and the direction we are moving? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Contrary to a previous assumption, the center of the expanding pattern of visual flow is not generally useful as an aid in judging the direction of self motion since its direction depends on the direction of gaze. For some visual environments, however, the point of maximum rate of change of magnification in the retinal image coincides with the direction of self motion, independently of the direction of gaze. This visual indicator could be used to judge the direction of self motion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Regan, D -- Beverley, K I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):194-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053572" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Retina/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Manipulation of event-related potential manifestations of information processing stages (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: The timing of two event-related potential components was differentially affected by two experimental variables. The earlier component (NA) was affected by degradation of the stimuli and the later component (N2) by the nature of a classification task. The results support the hypothesis that NA and N2 reflect sequential stages of information processing, namely, pattern recognition and stimulus classification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ritter, W -- Simson, R -- Vaughan, H G Jr -- Macht, M -- HD 10804/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- IF32 AGO-5193/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 06723/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):909-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Human fetal movement: spontaneous oscillations near one cycle per minute (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in human fetal movement revealed strong oscillations at frequencies between 0.24 and 0.90 cycle per minute, which are much higher than those of the cyclic alternation of quiet and active states in the fetus and neonate. Oscillations at frequencies up to 2.88 cycles per minute were also detected, but they were usually much weaker. The prominent peaks in the fetal movement spectra are in the frequency range of recently reported neonatal motor rhythms, and indicate the existence of a cyclic process controlling spontaneous motor output that oscillates near one cycle per minute and begins to function in utero.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robertson, S S -- Dierker, L J -- Sorokin, Y -- Rosen, M G -- M01RR00210/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50HD11089/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; *Movement ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Spectrum Analysis/methods ; Time Factors
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    Tonotopic organization of the human auditory cortex (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Neuromagnetic measurements of responses to auditory stimuli consisting of pure tones amplitude-modulated at a low frequency have been used to deduce the location of cortical activity. The evoked field source systematically increased in depth beneath the scalp with increasing frequency of the tone. The tonotopic progression can be described as a logarithmic mapping.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romani, G L -- Williamson, S J -- Kaufman, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1339-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Auditory Cortex/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Humans ; Magnetics
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    Endemic pleural disease associated with exposure to mixed fibrous dust in Turkey (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-30
    Description: Pleural mesothelioma, lung cancer, pleural calcification and fibrosis, and interstitial parenchymal fibrosis have been observed among inhabitants of several villages in south-central Turkey. Earlier reports have stated that environmental and lung tissue samples from this area contained the fibrous zeolite mineral erionite, and this mineral has generally been assumed to be the agent responsible for these endemic pathological conditions in the absence of asbestos outcroppings and usage. Several different kinds of asbestos minerals in addition to erionite have now been found in environmental samples taken from the villages where these diseases occur. The lung tissues of mesothelioma patients from these villages contain both fibrous zeolites and asbestos minerals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rohl, A N -- Langer, A M -- Moncure, G -- Selikoff, I J -- Fischbein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):518-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dust ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/*chemically induced ; Lung Neoplasms/*chemically induced/epidemiology ; Mesothelioma/*chemically induced/epidemiology ; Turkey
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  • 55
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    Subperiosteal expansion and cortical remodeling of the human femur and tibia with aging (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Increases with aging in subperiosteal dimensions and second moments of area (measures of bending and torsional rigidity) in femoral and tibial cross sections are documented in an archeological sample from the American Southwest. Significant differences between cross-sectional sites and between sexes in the pattern of cortical remodeling with age are also present. These differences appear to be related to variations in the stress or strain levels in different regions of the femur and tibia which result from in vivo mechanical loadings of the lower limb.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruff, C B -- Hayes, W C -- AM00749/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26740/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):945-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aging ; Bone Development ; Female ; Femur/*physiology ; Fractures, Bone/etiology ; Growth ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periosteum/*physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Sex Characteristics ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tibia/*physiology
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    Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia: loss of neurons in the basal forebrain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Recent evidence indicates that the nucleus basalis of Meynert, a distinct population of basal forebrain neurons, is a major source of cholinergic innervation of the cerebral cortex. Postmortem studies have previously demonstrated profound reduction in the presynaptic markers for cholinergic neurons in the cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type. The results of this study show that neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert undergo a profound (greater than 75 percent) and selective degeneration in these patients and provide a pathological substrate of the cholinergic deficiency in their brains. Demonstration of selective degeneration of such neurons represents the first documentation of a loss of a transmitter-specific neuronal population in a major disorder of higher cortical function and, as such, points to a critical subcortical lesion in Alzheimer's patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whitehouse, P J -- Price, D L -- Struble, R G -- Clark, A W -- Coyle, J T -- Delon, M R -- MH 00125/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 26654/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1237-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/physiology ; Alzheimer Disease/*pathology/physiopathology ; Basal Ganglia/*pathology ; Dementia/*pathology/physiopathology ; Humans ; Neural Pathways/pathology
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    Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli producing biosynthetic human insulin proteins (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: Escherichia coli that has been genetically manipulated by recombinant DNA technology to synthesize human insulin polypeptides (A chain, B chain, or proinsulin) contains prominent cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. The amount of inclusion product within the cells corresponds to the quantity of chimeric protein formed by the bacteria. At peak production, the inclusion bodies may occupy as much as 20 percent of the Escherichia coli cellular volume.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, D C -- Van Frank, R M -- Muth, W L -- Burnett, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):687-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7036343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular/methods ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Humans ; Insulin/*genetics ; Microscopy, Electron ; Plasmids
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    Type A behavior and elevated physiological and neuroendocrine responses to cognitive tasks (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Qualitatively distinct patterns of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses were observed in male college students during mental work and during sensory intake task performance. During mental work, Type A (coronary-prone) subjects showed greater muscle vasodilatation and more enhanced secretion of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol than Type B subjects. During sensory intake, Type A hyperresponsivity was found for testosterone and, among those subjects with a positive family history of hypertension, for cortisol. As a demonstration of combined cardiovascular, sympathetic nervous system, and neuroendocrine hyperresponsivity to specific cognitive tasks in Type A subjects, this study breaks ground in the search for mechanisms mediating the increased coronary disease risk among Type A persons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, R B Jr -- Lane, J D -- Kuhn, C M -- Melosh, W -- White, A D -- Schanberg, S M -- HL-22740/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MH-6489/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-70482/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):483-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/*physiology ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Hemodynamics ; Hormones/blood ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Risk
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    A new perceptual context-superiority effect: line segments are more visible against a figure than against a ground (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Context, specifically the perceived figure or ground of an ambiguous form that surrounds a diagonal line segment, can influence the discrimination of that line segment even though the physical attributes of the context remain the same during figure-ground reversals. When the line segment was flashed on a region of the form seen as figure, discrimination was twice as accurate as when the line segment was flashed in isolation, and it was at least three times as accurate as when the line segment was flashed on that same region seen as ground.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, E -- Weisstein, N -- EY-03432/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):587-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Form Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Potassium iodide: effectiveness after nuclear accidents (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yalow, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):742.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism/*radiotherapy ; Iodine Radioisotopes/*adverse effects ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; *Nuclear Energy ; Potassium Iodide/*therapeutic use ; Radiotherapy/adverse effects ; Thyroid Neoplasms/etiology
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    Transformation of human leukocytes by cocultivation with an adult T cell leukemia virus producer cell line (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: The transmission of adult T cell leukemia virus, a human retrovirus, into fresh leukocytes from normal humans was examined. One of three virus-carrying cell lines, tested after being subjected to lethal x-irradiation, consistently transformed leukocytes from adult peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. All the transformed cell lines expressed adult T cell leukemia virus-associated antigen, but transformed lines originating from adult and umbilical cord blood exhibited T cell and non-T, non-B cell surface natures, respectively. Efforts to transform human leukocytes with cell-free virus were unsuccessful.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamamoto, N -- Okada, M -- Koyanagi, Y -- Kannagi, M -- Hinuma, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):737-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6980467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Surface/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line ; Fetal Blood ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukocytes/*physiology ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; *Transformation, Genetic
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    Molecular weight of human gamma interferon is similar to that of other human interferons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: The molecular weight (as determined by molecular sieve chromatography) of human gamma interferon, formerly referred to as immune or type II interferon, is between 40,000 and 70,000. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gamma interferon activity was recovered mainly from two regions of the gels corresponding to molecular weights of 20,000 and 25,000. The results suggest that in native form human gamma interferon may be aggregated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yip, Y K -- Barrowclough, B S -- Urban, C -- Vilcek, J -- R01-AI-07057/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI-12948/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6173921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Glycoproteins ; Humans ; *Interferons ; Lymphocytes ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Weight
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    Wound tissue can utilize a polymeric template to synthesize a functional extension of skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Prompt and long-term closure of full-thickness skin wounds is guinea pigs and humans is achieved by applying a bilayer polymeric membrane. The membrane comprises a top layer of a silicone elastomer and a bottom layer of a porous cross-linked network of collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The bottom layer can be seeded with a small number of autologous basal cells before grafting. No immunosuppression is used and infection, exudation, and rejection are absent. Host tissue utilizes the sterile membrane as a culture medium to synthesize neoepidermal and neodermal tissue. A functional extension of skin over the entire wound area is formed in about 4 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yannas, I V -- Burke, J F -- Orgill, D P -- Skrabut, E M -- GM 21700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23946/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 14322/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7031899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Burns/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Collagen/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicone Elastomers/therapeutic use ; *Skin Transplantation ; *Wound Healing
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    The origin of man: a chromosomal pictorial legacy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: Man, gorilla, and chimpanzee likely shared an ancestor in whom the fine genetic organization of chromosomes was similar to that of present man. A comparative analysis of high-resolution chromosomes from orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, and man suggests that 18 or 23 pairs of chromosomes of modern man are virtually identical to those of our "common hominoid ancestor", with the remaining pairs slightly different. From this lineage, gorilla separated fist, and three major chromosomal rearrangements presumably occurred in a progenitor of chimpanzee and man before the final divergence of these tow species. A precursor of the hominoid ancestor and orangutan is also assumed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yunis, J J -- Prakash, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1525-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosomes, Human/*ultrastructure ; Humans ; Karyotyping/methods ; Primates/*genetics
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    Type II collagen autoimmunity in otosclerosis and Meniere's Disease (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: Antibodies to collagen types I, II, and IV were measured in patients with otosclerosis and patients with Meniere's disease. Levels of antibodies to type II collagen were significantly higher in these patients than in control subjects, while no differences were found among levels of antibodies to collagen type I or type IV. These observations suggest a possible role for type II collagen autoimmunity in the etiology of otosclerosis and Meniere's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoo, T J -- Stuart, J M -- Kang, A H -- Townes, A S -- Tomoda, K -- Dixit, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1153-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoantibodies/analysis ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Collagen/classification/*immunology ; Humans ; Meniere Disease/*immunology ; Osteosclerosis/*immunology
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    The neuroanatomy of amnesia: amygdala-hippocampus versus temporal stem (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Using a task known to be sensitive to human amnesia, we have evaluated two current hypotheses about which brain regions must be damaged to produce the disorder. Monkeys with bilateral transections of the white matter of the temporal stem were unimpaired, but monkeys with conjoint amygdala-hippocampal lesions exhibited a severe memory deficit. The results indicate that the hippocampus, amygdala, or both, but not the temporal stem, are involved in memory in the monkey and suggest that a rapprochement between the findings for the human and the nonhuman primate may be close at hand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zola-Morgan, S -- Squire, L R -- Mishkin, M -- MH24600/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1337-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6890713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnesia/*etiology ; Amygdala/*physiology ; Animals ; Brain Injuries/complications ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis ; *Memory
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    Hemoglobin Parchman: double crossover within a single human gene (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-15
    Description: Structural analysis of a new variant hemoglobin revealed tryptic peptides with the amino acid composition of normal delta-globin, except for two internal peptides, which had the compositions of normal beta-globin. The most likely explanation for these findings is that a double, nonhomologous crossover between the delta-and beta-globin genes had occurred.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, J G 3rd -- Morrison, W T -- Steinberg, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 15;218(4569):291-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Crossing Over, Genetic ; Globins/genetics ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*genetics ; Humans
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    Neuromagnetic localization of epileptiform spike activity in the human brain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: Local paroxysmal discharges of epileptic tissue within the human brain, which may be electrically recorded as voltage spikes in the electroencephalogram, also generate extracranial magnetic fields. These fields were assessed by means of recently developed neuromagnetometric techniques. Surface measurements of magnetic spike field strength in the region of the focus appear sufficient to establish the location, depth, orientation, and polarity of currents underlying the paroxysmal discharge.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barth, D S -- Sutherling, W -- Engel, J Jr -- Beatty, J -- 78040-29867-5/PHS HHS/ -- RR07009/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):891-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6813968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Epilepsies, Partial/*physiopathology ; Humans ; *Magnetics
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    Epidermis of human skin: pyroelectric and piezoelectric sensor layer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The epidermis of live human skin has a permanent electric dipole moment perpendicular to its surface. Voltage responses to a rapid change of temperature are pyroeletric, while voltage responses to pressure pulses are piezoelectric in nature. The time course of the responses depends on dX/dt (X, temperature or pressure). The epidermal surface can react to all physical environmental influences to which nonbiological pyroelectric materials are known to respond. Epidermal voltage signals can be perceived through the intraepidermal and the superficial dermal nervous network. The pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties are also measurable on dead, dry skin samples.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Athenstaedt, H -- Claussen, H -- Schaper, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1018-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6177041" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electrophysiology ; Epidermis/*physiology ; Humans ; Keratins/physiology ; Temperature
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    Lyme disease-a tick-borne spirochetosis? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: A treponema-like spirochete was detected in and isolated from adult Ixodes dammini, the incriminated tick vector of Lyme disease. Causally related to the spirochetes may be long-lasting cutaneous lesions that appeared on New Zealand White rabbits 10 to 12 weeks after infected ticks fed on them. Samples of serum from patients with Lyme disease were shown by indirect immunofluorescence to contain antibodies to this agent. It is suggested that the newly discovered spirochete is involved in the etiology of Lyme disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burgdorfer, W -- Barbour, A G -- Hayes, S F -- Benach, J L -- Grunwaldt, E -- Davis, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1317-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7043737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachnid Vectors/*microbiology ; Arthritis, Infectious/*microbiology ; Digestive System/microbiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli/microbiology/ultrastructure ; Rabbits ; Seasons ; Spirochaetales/ultrastructure ; Spirochaetales Infections/*microbiology ; Ticks/*microbiology
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    Naloxone reverses neonatal depression caused by fetal asphyxia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Pregnant near-term rabbits were given an intravenous dose of saline or the opiate antagonist naloxone and then asphyxiated. The fetuses were delivered by cesarean section and evaluated for respiration, color, muscle tone, response to stimulation, and general activity at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes of age. The naloxone-treated pups had significantly better scores during the first 15 minutes after birth than the saline-treated pups. Naloxone did not adversely affect the scores of nonasphyxiated pups. These data suggest that endogenous opiates worsen the neonatal depression caused by intrauterine asphyxia and that this effect can be reversed by naloxone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chernick, V -- Craig, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1252-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Asphyxia Neonatorum/complications/*physiopathology ; Depression/prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Rabbits
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    Role of calcium in trypanocidal drug action (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: The synergistic effect of serum on the drug combination of salicylhydroxamic acid plus glycerol, which is active against Trypanosoma brucei, is due to diffusible calcium ions. The synergistic activity can be removed by dialysis of the serum or by addition of calcium chelating agents. A buffer containing calcium can mimic the synergistic activity of serum. This finding may have important implications in the clinical management of African trypanosomiasis in humans. Calcium also has a synergistic effect on melarsoprol, the only drug available for treating sleeping sickness patients with central nervous system involvement, and the concentration of calcium has been reported to be depressed inthe serum of experimentally infected animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarkson, A B Jr -- Amole, B O -- BRSG S07-RR-05399-19/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6805075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antiprotozoal Agents/*therapeutic use ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Egtazic Acid/pharmacology ; Glycerol/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Salicylamides/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/*drug effects ; Zinc/pharmacology
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    Cassava: a basic energy source in the tropics (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the fourth most important source of food energy in the tropics. More than two-thirds of the total production of this crop is used as food for humans, with lesser amounts being used for animal feed and industrial purposes. The ingestion of high levels of cassava has been associated with chronic cyanide toxicity in parts of Africa, but this appears to be related to inadequate processing of the root and poor overall nutrition. Although cassava is not a complete food it is important as a cheap source of calories. The crop has a high yield potential under good conditions, and compared to other crops it excels under suboptimal conditions, thus offering the possibility of using marginal land to increase total agricultural production. Breeding programs that bring together germ plasm from different regions coupled with improved agronomic practices can markedly increase yields. The future demand for fresh cassava may depend on improved storage methods. The markets for cassava as a substitute for cereal flours in bakery products and as an energy source in animal feed rations are likely to expand. The use of cassava as a source of ethanol for fuel depends on finding an efficient source of energy for distillation or an improved method of separating ethanol from water.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cock, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):755-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Animal Feed ; Animals ; *Food Supply ; Humans ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Plants, Edible ; Tropical Climate
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  • 74
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    Migration inhibition of endothelial cells by lymphokine-containing supernatants (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: Many of the reactions of cellular immunity are mediated by soluble lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines). One important category of lymphokine action involves effects on cell motility. These effects have been described mainly with respect to inflammatory cells. In this report, we describe the ability of a lymphocyte product to inhibit the migration of endothelial cells in a system in vitro. The responsible factor is distinct from a previously described mediator that inhibits the migration of tumor cells. The ability of lymphocytes to influence the migration properties of endothelial cells is consistent with data of others showing a relation between the immune system and processes involving neovascularization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, M C -- Picciano, P T -- Douglas, W J -- Yoshida, T -- Kreutzer, D L -- Cohen, S -- AI-12477/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HL-25015/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797069" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Migration Inhibition ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Endothelium/cytology/*drug effects ; Humans ; Leukocyte Migration-Inhibitory Factors/pharmacology ; Lymphokines/*pharmacology ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Mast-Cell Sarcoma/physiopathology
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    Phagocyte impotence caused by an invasive bacterial adenylate cyclase (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: For unknown reasons, humans infected with the bacterium Bordetella pertussis are exceptionally vulnerable to secondary infections. Bordetella species elaborate a soluble, heat-stable, and highly active adenylate cyclase. This enzyme is internalized by phagocytic cells and catalyzes the unregulated formation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP), thereby disrupting normal cellular function. This unusual phenomenon may explain Bordetella-induced aphylaxis and may prove to be useful for investigating a variety of cyclic AMP-governed processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Confer, D L -- Eaton, J W -- 5T32H- L07062/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):948-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bordetella pertussis/*enzymology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Neutrophils/physiology ; Phagocytes/*physiology ; Rabbits ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Temperature
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  • 76
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    Fragment spanning the SV40 replication origin is the only DNA sequence required in cis for viral excision (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: A 311-base pair fragment containing the SV40 origin of replication was linked to the chicken thymidine kinase gene on a recombinant plasmid. This molecule was transfected into human 143 thymidine kinase-deficient (TK-) cells, and colonies positive for thymidine kinase were selected. When cell lines derived from these colonies were fused to permissive simian cells that produce SV40 T antigen, the recombinant plasmid excised itself from the human cellular genome and replicated with a high copy number per cell. These results show that this segment of the viral genome is the only sequence required in cis to mediate SV40 excision and replication upon fusion to permissive cells. In addition, we have shown that excised plasmids apparently identical to the input DNA can be efficiently rescued in Escherichia coli. SV40 excision and replication may therefore be useful for the recovery of cloned genes from eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conrad, S E -- Liu, C P -- Botchan, M R -- CA 30490/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1223-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; *DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Recombination, Genetic ; Simian virus 40/*genetics ; *Virus Replication
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  • 77
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    Cellular transforming genes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Cellular genes potentially capable of inducing oncogenic transformation have been identified by homology to the transforming genes of retroviruses and by the biological activity of cellular DNA's in transfection assays. DNA's of various tumors induce transformation with high efficiencies, indicating that oncogenesis can involve dominant genetic alterations resulting in activation of cellular transforming genes. The identification and characterization of cellular transforming genes and their possible involvement in naturally occurring cancers, is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):801-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) ; Rats ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transfection ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Gore proposes oversight of genetic engineering (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, Barbara J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1098.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Federal Government ; *Genetic Therapy ; Government ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; Public Policy ; *Social Control, Formal ; early in the 98th Congress to create a federally mandated committee to oversee ; genetic engineering research and applications. In the 97th Congress, Gore held ; hearings on the ethical and legal implications of applications such as gene ; therapy and the "enhancement" of human characteristics.
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  • 79
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    Pajaro Dunes: the search for consensus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, Barbara J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):155-156, 158.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; *Conflict of Interest ; Consumer Participation ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Disclosure ; Financial Support ; Humans ; *Industry ; Patents as Topic ; *Research ; Social Control, Informal ; *Universities ; sponsor university research issued a statement of principles at the conclusion of ; a conference called to consider the ramifications of university-industry ; collaboration. The conferees agreed that such collaboration must not promote ; secrecy that will retard scientific progress, interfere with the choice of ; faculty and student research projects, divert faculty and university resources ; from their primary obligations to teaching and research, or impair the ; university's credibility. They considered alternative approaches to contract ; disclosure, control of patents, and conflict of interest problems, but left ; resolution of the issues to individual universities.
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  • 80
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    Rotating shift work schedules that disrupt sleep are improved by applying circadian principles (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Workers on rotating shifts dislike those aspects of their work schedules that violate circadian sleep-wake cycle physiology. Work schedule satisfaction, subjective health estimates, personnel turnover, and worker productivity improve when schedules are introduced that are designed to incorporate circadian principles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Moore-Ede, M C -- Coleman, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):460-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Activity Cycles ; Adult ; Aged ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Health ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Sleep ; *Work
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  • 81
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    Chromosomal localization of the human homolog (c-sis) of the simian sarcoma virus onc gene (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Nonrandom chromosome rearrangements of chromosome 22 have been identified in different human malignancies. As a result of Southern blot hybridization of a c-sis probe to DNA's from mouse-human somatic cell hybrids, the human homolog (c-sis) of the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus was assigned to chromosome 22. Hybrids between thymidine kinase-deficient mouse cells and human fibroblasts carrying a translocation of the region q11-qter of chromosome 22 to chromosome 17 were also analyzed. These studies demonstrate that the human c-sis gene is on region 22q11 greater than qter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalla-Favera, R -- Gallo, R C -- Giallongo, A -- Croce, C M -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):686-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6291150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Genes ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics
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  • 82
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    Asymmetrical brain activity discriminates between positive and negative affective stimuli in human infants (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Ten-month-old infants viewed videotape segments of an actress spontaneously generating a happy or sad facial expression. Brain activity was recorded from the left and right frontal and parietal scalp regions. In two studies, infants showed greater activation of the left frontal than of the right frontal area in response to the happy segments. Parietal asymmetry failed to discriminate between the conditions. Differential lateralization of the hemispheres for affective processes seems to be established by 10 months of age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, R J -- Fox, N A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1235-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146906" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Affect/*physiology ; Age Factors ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Infant ; Perception/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    Sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Preliminary observations suggest a sex difference in the shape and surface area of the human corpus callosum. The sexual dimorphism is striking in the splenium, the caudal or posterior portion of the corpus callosum. The female splenium is both more bulbous and larger than the male counterpart. Since peristriate, parietal, and superior temporal fibers course through the splenium, this finding could be related to possible gender differences in the degree of lateralization for visuospatial functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLacoste-Utamsing, C -- Holloway, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1431-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Corpus Callosum/*anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size ; *Sex Characteristics ; Visual Perception
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  • 84
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    Human liver MAO-A and MAO-B separated by immunoaffinity chromatography with MAO-B-specific monoclonal antibody (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: A monoclonal antibody was used to prepare immunoaffinity columns that efficiently bind monoamine oxidase B activity but not monoamine oxidase A activity from detergent extracts of human liver mitochondria. The only discrete polypeptide component that eluted from affinity columns with potassium thiocyanate migrated in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels with an apparent molecular weight of 59,000, as expected for human monoamine oxidase B. These results support the hypothesis that there is an intrinsic structural difference between monoamine oxidase A and B and demonstrate that immunoaffinity chromatography can physically resolve the two enzyme species in liver extracts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Denney, R M -- Fritz, R R -- Patel, N T -- Abell, C W -- NIMH-34757/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1400-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Chromatography, Affinity/methods ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/*analysis/immunology/metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Monoamine Oxidase/*analysis/immunology/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity
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    Leprosy research in India (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deo, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):11172, 1174.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; India ; *Leprosy
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  • 86
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    Deaths halt interferon trials in France (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):772.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6182613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Death ; France ; Humans ; Interferons/*adverse effects ; *Therapeutic Human Experimentation ; potential antitumor properties of human interferon following the deaths of four ; patients from heart attacks. The deaths have helped spur a growing debate over ; whether it is ethical to permit human experimentation on such a large scale ; before more is known about the effectiveness and side effects of interferon. ; Concerns have also been expressed that hospitals may have been using unregistered ; batches of interferon in the government-sponsored trials.
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  • 87
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    Decreased insulin receptors but normal glucose metabolism in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: Compared to matched controls, 17 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy showed decreased insulin binding to monocytes due to decreased receptor concentration. These patients showed no signs of altered glucose metabolism and retrospective analysis of the clinical records of a further 56 such patients revealed no modification in carbohydrate metabolism. These data suggest that reduced insulin receptor number does not produce overt modifications of glucose metabolism in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DePirro, R -- Lauro, R -- Testa, I -- Ferretti, I -- De Martinis, C -- Dellatonio, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):311-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Child ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Humans ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Muscular Dystrophies/*metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 88
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    Molecular drive (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dover, G A -- Strachan, T -- Coen, E S -- Brown, S D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1069.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans
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  • 89
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    Odor quality: semantically generated multidimensional profiles are stable (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: Odors of ten compounds were characterized by approximately 150 subjects who used a list of 146 descriptors. Duplicate profiles correlated highly (P less than .001) and consistently higher than profiles of different odors. Profiles also agreed with those obtained previously. Thus, profiles based on combined responses of many subjects are stable constructs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dravnieks, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alcohols ; Anisoles ; Hexanols ; Humans ; *Odors ; Pyridines ; *Smell ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 90
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    Events in the evolution of pre-proinsulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: An extensive computer-assisted analysis of known pre-proinsulin coding sequences has shown correlations that can be interpreted as evidence for an intron-mediated juxtaposition of exons in the evolution of these genes. The evidence includes the discovery that the regions of the pre-proinsulin genes that code for the signal peptide consist of nearly tandem repeating units of nine base pairs. This pattern reappears in the C region of the genes after a large intron that occurs in three of the four genes analyzed. A model is proposed in which primordial insulin was coded for by two separate minigenes arising from a gene duplication, each with identical or nearly identical signal peptide coding regions. The minigenes fused into one transcriptional unit mediated by the large intron, and the signal peptide coding region of one of the putative minigenes evolved into the latter portion of the C peptide coding region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Douthart, R J -- Norris, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):729-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Computers ; Cricetinae ; Disulfides ; Genes ; Humans ; Insulin ; Models, Genetic ; Proinsulin/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; Rats ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 91
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    Chemoprevention of neonatal jaundice: potency of tin-protoporphyrin in an animal model (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: The substantial increases of hepatic, splenic, and renal heme oxygenase levels that occur shortly after birth in neonatal rats were prevented by a single administration of tin-protoporphyrin (10 micromoles per kilogram of body weight). With this treatment serum bilirubin levels declined within 24 hours to near-normal adult levels and remained low throughout the postnatal period. Zinc-protoporphyrin at doses up to 50-fold greater than the effective dose of tin-protoporphyrin did not prevent the immediate increases in tissue heme oxygenase activities and in serum bilirubin levels that occur postnatally. Studies in vitro with microsomal heme oxygenase in human spleen indicate that tin-protoporphyrin is a potent competitive inhibitor of the oxidation of heme to bile pigment in this tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drummond, G S -- Kappas, A -- ES-01055/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1250-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6896768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bilirubin/blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/*prevention & control ; Kidney/enzymology ; Liver/enzymology ; *Metalloporphyrins ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Porphyrins/*therapeutic use ; Protoporphyrins/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Rats ; Spleen/enzymology ; Tin/pharmacology/therapeutic use
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  • 92
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    Lipofuscin: resolution of discrepant fluorescence data (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Lipofuscin granules (age pigments) emit yellow light under ultraviolet excitation in the fluorescence microscope. The reported blue emission maximum of extracts of lipofuscin-laden cells may result from instrumental bias. The major fluorescent components that accumulate with age in these lysosomal residual bodies of human retinal pigment epithelium are yellow-emitting fluorophores. Different age-related fluorophores, which do emit blue light, are derived from other intracellular sources. A reevaluation of the connection between blue-emitting lipid peroxidation products and the age-related lipofuscin granules of classical pathology is necessary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eldred, G E -- Miller, G V -- Stark, W S -- Feeney-Burns, L -- EY 03274/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 03408/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 05456/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):757-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Cytoplasmic Granules ; Humans ; *Lipofuscin ; Lysosomes/analysis ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/analysis/ultrastructure ; *Pigments, Biological ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrum Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Patterns of human local cerebral glucose metabolism during epileptic seizures (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Ictal patterns of local cerebral metabolic rate have been studied in epileptic patients by positron computed tomography with 18F-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. Partial seizures were associated with activation of anatomic structures unique to each patient studied. Ictal increases and decreases in local cerebral metabolism were observed. Scans performed during generalized convulsions induced by electroshock demonstrated a diffuse ictal increase and postictal decrease in cerebral metabolism. Petit mal absences were associated with a diffuse increase in cerebral metabolic rate. The ictal fluorodeoxyglucose patterns obtained from patients do not resemble autoradiographic patterns obtained from common experimental animal models of epilepsy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Engel, J Jr -- Kuhl, D E -- Phelps, M E -- GM-24839/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS-02808/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*metabolism/radionuclide imaging ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Epilepsy/*metabolism ; Fluorine ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Radioisotopes ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Discrimination and imitation of facial expression by neonates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Human neonates (average age, 36 hours) discriminated three facial expressions (happy, sad, and surprised) posed by a live model as evidenced by diminished visual fixation on each face over trials and renewed fixations to the presentation of a different face. The expressions posed by the model, unseeen by the observer, were guessed at greater than chance accuracy simply by observing the face of the neonate, whose facial movements in the brow, eyes, and mouth regions provided evidence for imitation of the facial expressions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Field, T M -- Woodson, R -- Greenberg, R -- Cohen, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):179-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123230" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior ; *Discrimination (Psychology) ; *Emotions ; Humans ; *Infant, Newborn ; *Visual Perception
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Biological diversity in metastatic neoplasms: origins and implications (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: Whether neoplasms are unicellular or multicellular in their origin, the process of tumor evolution and progression can rapidly generate biological diversity. Metastases result from the survival and proliferation of specialized subpopulations of cells within the parent tumor. Metastases may have a clonal origin and different metastases may develop from different progenitor cells. However, as with the primary tumor, the origin of metastases is unimportant since the process of tumor evolution and progression can generate biological diversity within and among different metastatic foci.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fidler, I J -- Hart, I R -- N01-CO-75380/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):998-1003.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112116" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology ; Clone Cells ; Humans ; Immunity ; Melanoma/genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology ; Phenotype ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Placental mononuclear phagocytes as a source of interleukin-1 (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Mouse and human placental tissue contains a large number of mononuclear phagocytes. These cells, isolated from placenta, were shown to produce the multifaceted immune factor interleukin-1. Activity in the supernatants of 48-hour mononuclear phagocyte cultures was associated with a 12,000- to 18,000-dalton protein, consistent with known interleukin-1 characteristics. Stimulation of phagocytosis with latex beads increased the production and release of interleukin-1 from these placental cells, which may be a useful source of this protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, A -- Finke, J H -- Hilfiker, M L -- CA 24474/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 34107/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR 00210/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):475-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/*biosynthesis ; Interleukin-2/analysis ; Mice ; Phagocytes/*immunology ; Placenta/cytology/*immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    The inevitability of cancer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):108.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123223" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/epidemiology/*etiology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Critical care at Tianjin's First Central Hospital and the fourth modernization (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: This case study of the Critical Care Unit at Tianjin's First Central Hospital, its physician-director, and one of its patients provides a portrait of how the policy of the four modernizations is being applied to the field of medicine in the People's Republic of China. On this unit of an urban hospital the "fourth modernization," science and technology, is systematically brought to bear on the problems of critically ill patients. The Chinese dualities and dilemmas that this "scaling the heights" policy entails are continually played out on the Critical Care Unit. An intricate balancing is involved between modern Western and traditional Chinese medicine, and between rural public health programs and primary and tertiary care services, within a medical morality framework that combines present-day political ideology with age-old ethical precepts. At this juncture the overall balance seems to be moving in the direction of modern, city-based, curative medicine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, R C -- Swazey, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):700-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; China ; *Critical Care ; Health Priorities ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units/*organization & administration ; Male ; Medical Laboratory Science/trends
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Uninvolved skin from psoriatic patients develops signs of involved psoriatic skin after being grafted onto nude mice (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: Clinically involved psoriatic epidermis maintains its histological appearance, increased labeling index, and increased level of plasminogen activator after being grafted onto athymic nude mice. Uninvolved psoriatic epidermis develops increases in plasminogen activator activity after being grafted onto athymic nude mice; this is accompanied by an increased labeling index. Thus, psoriatic skin can develop markers of psoriasis independent of the host.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fraki, J E -- Briggaman, R A -- Lazarus, G S -- 5 R01 AM10546/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- 5F05-TW-02774-02/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- R01 AM19067/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):685-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7036342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Plasminogen Activators/*metabolism ; Psoriasis/enzymology/*pathology ; Skin/pathology ; Skin Transplantation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    The perception of biological motion by human infants (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: When a small number of lights are placed on the limbs and joints of a moving human (or animal), the motions of the lights (biological motion) are sufficient to enable adult observers to perceive immediately the activity of the human. This perception of biological motion has been hypothesized to be an intrinsic capacity of the visual system. The results of this experiment, which demonstrate that infants 4 to 6 months of age exhibit a preference for biological motion patterns, support that hypothesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, R -- McDaniel, C -- EY00590/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):486-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Humans ; *Infant ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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