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  • Angiosperms  (306)
  • Springer  (306)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1985-1989  (306)
  • 1920-1924
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  • Springer  (306)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Aegilops cylindrica var.kastorianum (Poaceae): A new variety from Greece (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Aegilops cylindrica var.kastorianum ; New variety ; karyotype analysis ; protein and esterase patterns ; isoelectric focusing
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A native population ofAegilops cylindrica was encountered for the first time in Greece in 1980 (near Kastoria, NW. Greece), completely isolated and at a great distance from its main distribution area. There are morphological and chromosomal, but no protein and esterase pattern differences from otherAe. cylindrica populations. This justifies the recognition of a new variety: var.kastorianum. Our comparative and karyotypic observations support the view thatAe. caudata var.polyathera and not var.caudata (typica) is the possible donor of genome C of the new variety.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936148
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new species ofAristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) from India with co-evolutionary notes onA. indica and papilionid butterflies (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 31-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Aristolochiaceae ; Aristolochia krisagathra spec. nova ; A. indica ; Ornithoptera ; Taxonomy ; butterflies ; host plants ; Flora of India
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Aristolochia krisagathra, a new species from the Western Ghats of Peninsular India is described, illustrated and included into a key to the four Indian species of the genus. Notes on the host-relationships of these species are also provided, paticularly ofA. indica to papilionid butterflies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936150
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Floral biological observations onHeliamphora tatei (Sarraceniaceae) and other plants from Cerro de la Neblina in Venezuela (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 21-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Sarraceniaceae ; Melastomataceae ; Rapateaceae ; Gentianaceae ; Loranthaceae ; Malpighiaceae ; Ericaceae ; Orchidaceae ; Campylopterus duidae ; Diglossa duidae ; Anoura geoffroyi ; africanized honey bee ; Pollination by bees ; buzz pollination ; Flora of Neblina
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract During 20 days in 1985, floral biological observations were made at 1 850–2 100m elevation on Cerro de la Neblina in Venezuela.Heliamphora tatei var.neblinae (Sarraceniaceae) is nectarless and has poricidal anthers.Heliamphora tatei, Graffenrieda fruticosa, G. polymera, G. reticulata, Tocca pachystachya, T. tepuiensis (Melastomataceae),Saxofridericia compressa, andStegolepsis neblinensis (Rapateaceae), are buzz-pollinated by ten species ofBombus, Eulaema, Melipona, Centris, Xylocopa, Dialictus, andNeocorynura. Additional observations of floral visits on tepui species ofGentianaceae, Loranthaceae, Malpighiaceae, Ericaceae, Orchidaceae, andAsteraceae are reported. Visitors include the hummingbirdCampylopterus duidae, the flower-piercerDiglossa duidae, the nectarivorous batAnoura geoffroyi, and various species ofCentris andBombus bees. Scent baits for euglossine bees attracted very few bees.Apis mellifera adansonii-scutellata, the africanized honey bee, was caught at 1 850m elevation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936149
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preferential infestation of fruits within theMedicago truncatula — M. littoralis (Leguminosae) complex by the bean weevilBruchidius bimaculatus (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Medicago truncatula ; Medicago littoralis ; Bruchidius bimaculatus ; Bruchid infestation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The bean weevilBruchidius bimaculatus was found in fruits of 68 of 217 populations of theMedicago truncatula — M. littoralis complex of Israel, Greece, Italy and Spain. Infestation was higher in fruits of somewhat larger than mean size, and in the more pubescent and tightly coiled fruits. Bean weevil size proved to be independent of fruit size, so that the “preference” for larger fruits does not seem due to adaptation to a larger food source or a larger domicile. Fruit size has been used to delimit the host “species”M. truncatula andM. littoralis, but the character proved to be unimodal, and it is apparent that the taxonomy of the plant complex requires further clarification. Of the 11 472 fruits examined, less than 4% were infested. Given that the plants have evolved indehiscent legumes in which typically only one of the approximately six seeds survives to reproduce, and that very few seeds of a fruit are destroyed, the bruchid's infestation appears to be non-harmful, and indeed the association may be mutualistic.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936151
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A survey of C-band patterns in chromosomes ofLilium (Liliaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 53-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Liliaceae ; Lilium ; C-banding ; heterochromatin ; karyosystematics ; karyotype
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract C-band patterns are described for 20Lilium spp. distributed across six sections. All species have a similar basic karyotype (n = 12) but C-bands differ markedly between them. The patterns are characterized by a dispersed scattering of thin intercalary bands as well as centric and NOR bands. Only one species,L. canadense, shows a clear equilocal pattern with intercalary C-bands occurring proximally in all of the longer chromosome arms. Comparing species, similar patterns are revealed forL. regale andL. sulphureum, forL. formosanum andL. longiflorum (all in sect.Leucolirion) and to a lesser extent forL. hansonii, L. martagon, andL. tsingtauense (sect.Martagon). The pattern forL. henryi (previously classed in sect.Sinomartagon) matches those ofL. regale andL. sulphureum quite well and its transfer to sect.Leucolirion is proposed. This is consistent with results from interspecies hybrids betweenL. henryi andL. regale (and related species) which are reportedly fertile. No other clear similarities in C-band patterns were seen across species. It seems that C-band patterns change rapidly inLilium and hence their usefulness in classification will be restricted to identifying closely related species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936153
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chloroplast DNA variation inAnemone s. lato (Ranunculaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Ranunculaceae ; Anemone ; Pulsatilla ; Hepatica ; Chloroplast DNA ; restriction endonuclease analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chloroplast DNA of seven species belonging toAnemone (sectt.Omalocarpus, Anemonidium, andAnemonanthea),Hepatica, andPulsatilla have been analyzed by restriction enzymes. According to the dendrogram constructed, the sections ofAnemone and the generaHepatica andPulsatilla seem to be evolutionary approximately equidistant to each others. This supports the concept that these groups should be treated on a similar taxonomic level, either as genera or subgenera.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936155
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Interspecific relationship of ten European orchid species as revealed by enzyme electrophoresis (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Orchis ; Dactylorhiza ; Gymnadenia ; Taxonomy ; interspecific relationship ; enzyme electrophoresis ; computer evaluation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ten species of orchid plants belonging to the generaOrchis (7),Dactylorhiza (2), andGymnadenia (1) were analyzed by enzyme electrophoresis. Each species can be identified by a combination of enzyme bands different from those of all other species examined. The electrophoretic data were used for the construction of phenetic and phylogenetic trees with the help of computer programs. The trees were almost identical regardless which method was used. Our results differ considerably from a classification based on morphological evidence. The electrophoretic data indicate that the genusOrchis is not a monophyletic group.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936158
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The chromosomes ofGrahamia (Portulacaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Portulacaceae ; Grahamia bracteata ; Chromosome number ; karyotype ; base number
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The somatic and gametic chromosomes of the monotypical genusGrahamia (G. bracteata) have been studied for the first time: 2n = 18, n = 9. The karyotype is symmetrical; of the nine m pairs one has microsatellites. The basic chromosome number x = 9 is considered to be primitive within the family.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936508
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new look at the acetolysis method (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Beilschmiedia ; Calluna ; Polyalthia ; Strelitzia ; Acetolysis ; palynology ; sporoderm ; exine ; intine ; pollen characters
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The acetolysis method intreduced byGunnar Erdtman is still a very welcome and highly successful technique in palynology. However, acetolysis destroys all pollen material with the exception of sporopollenin that forms the outer pollen wall, the exine. Modern palynology in its application to plant systematics and phylogeny must consider all sporoderm characters, not only those of the exine. The neglect of the intine may distort some principal palynological aspects. This is illustrated by cases of total breakdown or gross modification of thin exine structures (e.g. inBeilschmiedia, Strelitzia) and by the clarification of apertures (e.g.,Polyalthia, Fissistigma, Calluna). In our view the investigation of both acetolysed and non-acetolysed pollen is obligatory for a well balanced view of pollen structure and function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936510
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Meiotic analyses ofCucumis hybrids and an evolutionary evaluation of the genusCucumis (Cucurbitaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 133-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cucurbitaceae ; Cucumis ; C. sativus ; C. melo ; C. metuliferus ; C. anguria ; C. zeyheri ; C. myriocarpus subsp.leptodermis ; comb. nov. ; Crossing experiments ; meiosis of hybrids ; polyploidy ; isozymes ; DNA analysis ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Meiosis in seven interspecificCucumis hybrids has been analysed i.a. inC. metuliferus ×C. zeyheri, where the parents belong to different sections. In the triploid hybrids a remarkably high number of trivalents has been found. Additional data from literature on geographical distribution, cucurbitacins, flavonoid patterns, isozymes, C-banding, genome size, DNA amount and chloroplast DNA are used to discuss species relationships and evolution. The African cross-compatible group is divided into theMyriocarpus subgroup with the diploid speciesC. africanus, C. myriocarpus subsp.leptodermis and subsp.myriocarpus, and theAnguria subgroup withC. anguria, C. dipsaceus, C. ficifolius, C. prophetarum, C. zeyheri and all polyploids (exceptC. heptadactylus). It is argued that the Asian subg.Melo with x = 7 is derived from the African subg.Cucumis with x = 12; the latter contains all the polyploid species and has the most common basic chromosome number of theCucurbitaceae. This phylogenetic advance is interpreted with concepts of the quantum model of evolution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936509
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of within-plant karyological heterogeneity between agamospermous and sexualTaraxacum (Compositae) as assessed by the nucleolar organiser chromosome (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Taraxacum ; Agamospermy ; NOR-chromosome ; chromosomal rearrangement ; transposable genetic elements
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Morphological variation for the NOR chromosome was studied for four half-siblings of a sexual outbreedingTaraxacum, for three siblings of the obligate agamospermT. pseudohamatum, and for two individuals of the agamospermT. brachyglossum. No rearrangement was detected for the 113 chromosomes of sexuals, or for 41 chromosomes of two agamospermous individuals. In the other three agamospermous individuals, 3/16, 5/50, and 5/20 chromosomes showed evidence of chromosomal rearrangement. The majority of rearrangement events (10/13) occurred to the satellite rather than to the body of the NOR-chromosome. It is considered that such high levels of somatic chromosomal rearrangement in agamospermousTaraxacum may be the result of activity by transposable genetic elements. This recombination may be of selective advantage to asexual plants which cannot generate genetic variability through the sexual process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936513
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structure of the inflorescence and flower ofPetalonyx linearis (Loasaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 211-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Loasaceae ; Petalonyx ; Inflorescence ; floral ontogeny ; vascular pattern ; androecium ; gynoecium ; nectary ; symmetry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Inflorescence and floral structure ofPetalonyx linearis are described to assist in understanding homologies among the diverse flowers ofLoasaceae. The inflorescence consists of racemose axes, along which each individual flower is recaulescent with its subtending leaf. Both floral vascularization and appendage initiations show a set of variations. The pseudomonomerous gynoecium may be derived from a triplacental condition. Nectary position, on a collar on which the perianth and androecium are inserted, appears homologous to the ovarian dome position of the nectary among otherLoasaceae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936516
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Notes on the pollination mechanisms ofMoraea inclinata andM. brevistyla (Iridaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Iridaceae ; Moraea inclinata ; M. brevistyla ; Bees ; Anthophoridae ; Halictidae ; Pollination mechanism ; flower morphology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Individual flowers ofMoraea inclinata are nectariferous and last about six hours. They appear to be pollinated largely by bees in the familyHalictidae (Lasioglossum spp.,Nomia spp.,Zonalictus) and to a lesser extent by bees in the familyAnthophoridae (Amegilla). The mechanism of bee-pollination inM. inclinata is the “Iris type”; i.e., each flower consists of three pollination units (an outer tepal, a partly exserted anther, and the opposed style branch which terminates in a pair of petal-like crests). Bees rarely visit more than one pollination unit per flower. Transferral of pollen to the bee is passive and nototribic although all bees collected on the flowers were female and 55% of the bees carried pollen loads with 2–5 pollen taxa in their scopae.Moraea brevistyla flowers are nectariferous but lack scent and last two days. They are visited infrequently by bees and only one femaleLasioglossum spec. carried the pollen ofM. brevistyla. Unlike flowers ofM. inclinata those ofM. brevistyla deposit pollen only on the head and thorax. Bee-mediated autogamy in both species is avoided due to the erratic foraging patterns of the bees and the flexibility of each stigma lobe as the bee backs out of the flower. Approximately 2–4 flowers in the inflorescences of both species (6–8 flowers/infloresence) develop into capsules.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936515
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Probleme der Infloreszenztypologie vonW. Troll (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Marantaceae ; Inflorescence morphology ; monotely and polytely ; homogenization ; racemization ; truncation ; pseudoflorescence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In contrast toW. Troll's typology of inflorescences which aims at more or less rigid, well defined types, this investigation accentuates the processes that constitute the evolutionary transformations leading from one typical form to another.Troll divided the inflorescences into the two types of monotelic and polytelic synflorescences, the first with a terminal flower on the main axis, the latter with a homogeneous florescence on the indeterminate axis. Both forms are enriched by proximal branches which repeat the structure of the main axis (paracladia). The evolutionary processes leading from the more primitive monotelic type to the advanced polytelic type are truncation (loss of the terminal flower) and homogenization of the distal branches, which thus form a homogeneous florescence. A closer survey of the polytelic groups reveals the fact that, usingTroll's criteria, the same distinction can be found within these groups themselves. Loss of the terminal florescence (truncation of 2nd and higher degree) as well as homogenization of the distal paracladia may lead to florescence-like units of higher complexity. Examples can be found inAsteraceae (Figs. 1 and 2),Fabaceae (Fig. 3 a),Mimosaceae (Fig. 3 b),Acanthaceae, and also in Monocots, as exemplified by theMarantaceae (Figs. 4 and 5). The so-called racemization (inversion of efflorescences from basipetalous to acropetalous) may be mentioned as a third element of transformation, emphasizing the unity of the florescences.—In consequence, there are more organizational levels than reflected in the twoTroll types. The polytelic type comprises several degrees of truncation and homogenization, the basis for a reasonable organizational analysis should therefore be the degree of ramification of flowering branches rather than the mere question of a terminal flower on the main shoot axis (Fig. 6). On the other hand the three processes of truncation, homogenization and racemization are evolutionary transformations that may occur independently from one another, thus giving rise to a large number of variations, which can not be satisfactorily interpreted by exactly defined types. On the basis of these considerations the question of homologous parts in inflorescences is reviewed. The homology of partial florescences and paracladia is accentuated contrary toTroll's interpretation (Fig. 7). Homogenization as an evolutionary trend may transform paracladia of different degree of ramification, leading to one-flowered units on the one side and to highly complex structures as in theMarantaceae on the other.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936514
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Taxonomic and morphological studies inHypecoum sect.Hypecoum (Papaveraceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 227-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Papaveraceae ; Hypecoum ; Taxonomy ; morphological variation ; mating system ; autogamy ; UV-reflection ; pollen morphology ; chromosome numbers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Hypecoum sect.Hypecoum comprises 8 species, one with 2 additional subspecies, in the Mediterranean area and the Middle East. Five of these are recognized for the first time, viz.Hypecoum procumbens L. subsp.fragrantissimum Å. E. Dahl,H. procumbens L. subsp.atropunctatum Å. E. Dahl,H. trullatum Å. E. Dahl,H. angustilobum Å. E. Dahl andH. torulosum Å. E. Dahl. H. dimidiatum Delile andH. pseudograndiflorum Petr., which have generally been included inH. imberbe Sm., are reestablished as distinct species. Morphology and variation patterns are described and discussed with special reference to mating systems. Self-incompatibility is dominating butH. procumbens subsp.procumbens andH. torulosum are self-compatible. The broad variation ranges of the former taxon in traits presumably related to mating system (petal, anther and stigma sizes as well as pollenovule ratios) indicate varying rates of outcrossing. SEM micrographs are given of petal and stigma surfaces and of pollen grains. Chromosome counts are presented for seven taxa. All are diploid with 2n = 16.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936517
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationships between five species ofLolium (Poaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae =Gramineae ; Lolium ; Morphology ; protein electrophoresis ; numerical methods
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Morphological analysis and electrophoresis of seed proteins of fiveLolium species disclosed that they form two distinct groups corresponding to those recognized from compatibility data.Lolium temulentum andL. remotum of the self-pollinated group were shown to be distinct but closely related species. Morphological intergradation and high similarities between protein profiles ofL. perenne, L. multiflorum andL. rigidum (cross-pollinated species) suggest little genetic differentiation between these taxa. This implies that treatment at the infraspecific level might better accomodate the data.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985922
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of endosperm inScrophularia himalensis with a discussion on the variation in the endosperm of the tribeScrophularieae (Scrophulariaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Scrophularieae ; Scrophularia himalensis ; Endosperm ; endosperm haustoria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Scrophularia himalensis has anab initio cellular endosperm. A transverse division separates a micropylar chamber from a chalazal chamber. The second division is vertical in both, the third is also vertical but at right angles to the second and restricted to the micropylar chamber just as the fourth transverse division. The four-celled micropylar haustorium is branched, highly aggressive, and persists for a long time during seed development. The bicelled chalazal haustorium is non-aggressive and is relatively short-lived. The endosperm proper is ruminate. Variation in the early ontogeny of the endosperm and the structure of endosperm haustoria in the tribeScrophularieae are evaluated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985923
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systematic significance of mature embryo of bamboos (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae (Gramineae) ; Bambusoideae ; Bambusa ; Dendrocalamus ; Pseudostachyum ; Melocalamus ; Melocanna ; Ochlandra ; Embryo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The mature embryo of seven species belonging to five genera of Indian bamboos is described. In all these the basic pattern of embryo organisation is same: the scutellar and coleoptilar bundles are not separated by an internode, the epiblast is absent, the lower portion of the scutellum and the coleorhiza are separated by a cleft and the margins of embryonic leaves overlap. The features unique to fleshy fruited bamboos are: presence of a massive scutellum, the juxtaposition of plumule and radicle and the occurrence of a bud in the axil of the coleoptile. The fleshy fruit bearing bamboos should be classified into one group, the tribeMelocanneae. Evidence is provided to recognise additional groups in the subfamilyBambusoideae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985926
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution alpiner Populationen vonEuphrasia (Scrophulariaceae): Die mittel- bis kleinblütigen, drüsenhaarigen Arten (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 215-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Rhinanthoideae ; Euphrasia ; E. hirtella ; E. drosocalyx ; Infraspecific classification ; chorology of the Alpine Flora ; Flora of Europe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A more precise taxonomic concept ofE. hirtella and its infraspecific synonymy is presented. Its diploid nature (2n = 22) is confirmed. Within the European area ofE. hirtella five different races may be recognised: “typical”, “brandisii”, “capitulata”, “Rofan” and “Bretagne”. Taxonomic rank is not yet attributed to these races. The heterogeneous taxonomic assembly “E. drosocalyx” is disentangled. The type refers to products of hybrid introgression ofE. rostkoviana-characters (long glandular hairs) intoE. minima.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985925
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enzymatic variability in the cattail (Typha angustifolia andT. latifolia, Typhaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 247-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Typhaceae ; Sparganiaceae ; Typha ; Esterases ; ADH ; GDH disc electrophoresis ; speciation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The enzymatic spectra ofTypha angustifolia, T. latifolia and their hybrids were examined by disc electrophoresis for three enzymatic systems: esterases, alcohol deshydrogenase, and glutamate deshydrogenase. The intermediate position of the hybrids is confirmed. The study of alcohol deshydrogenase reveales the existence of an intraspecific variability inT. angustifolia between individuals from the Massif Armoricain in France and Dellys in Algeria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985927
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variable self-compatability inNeolloydia intertexta (Cactaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 287-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cactaceae ; Neolloydia intertexta ; Self-compatability ; pollination ecology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Self and outcross pollination treatments were applied toNeolloydia intertexta. Two distinct patterns of seed production were found, and are correlated with self-pollinated outcrossed treatments. The outcrossed result resembles the field exposed crop. The untouched controls produce a similar pattern to the actively selfed group. The self treatments produce substantially less seed than the outcrosses; thus, self-compatability is incomplete.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985929
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heteromerikarpie und Fruchtpolymorphismus beiMicroparacaryum, gen. nov., (Boraginaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 291-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Boraginaceae ; Microparacaryum gen. nov. ; Paracaryum ; Mattiastrum ; Taxonomy ; distribution maps ; heteromericarpy ; fruit polymorphism ; Flora of Western Asia (Turkey, U.S.S.R., Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Microparacaryum (M. Pop. exH. Riedl)Hilger & Podlech is described as a new genus of theBoraginaceae-Cynoglosseae. It comprises the annual species hitherto included inParacaryum (DC.)Boiss. andMattiastrum (Boiss.)Brand. Distribution maps are given for all 3 genera.Microparacaryum consists of two species,M. salsum (Boiss.)Hilger & Podlech (M. s.) andM. intermedium (Fresen.)Hilger & Podlech (M. i.). ParticularlyM. i. is a very variable species, and most of the species formerly recognized belong here. Scattered all over the range of the genus, plants occur with nutlets exhibiting flat or incurved marginal wings, often in mixed populations. This fruit polymorphism is taxonomically treated by recognizing “formae”. In addition, the following new infraspecific taxa and combinations are described:M. i. var.intermedium formaparacaryoides Hilger & Podlech,M. i. var.stellatum (H. Riedl)Hilger & Podlech,M. i. var.stellatum formamattiastroides Hilger & Podlech,M. s. formamattiastroides Hilger & Podlech.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985930
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rumex bithynicus Rech. f., eine neue Art und ihre Hybriden aus der nordwestlichen Türkei (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 317-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Polygonaceae ; Rumex ; New species ; hybrids ; Turkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Rumex bithynicus sp. n. (sect.Rumex) with two new hybrids from NW Turkey is close toR. alveolatus (from NE Iran, Afghanistan, NW Pakistan and Turkmenistan).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985932
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollen ultrastructure and systematic affinities ofAnaxagorea (Annonaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 148 (1985), S. 253-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Annonaceae ; “Fusaea subfamily” ; Anaxagorea ; Meiocarpidium ; Palynology ; pollen ultrastructure ; intine extrusion ; systematic and phylogenetic relationships
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract LM, SEM and TEM observations document similar palynological features for paleo- and neotropical species ofAnaxagorea. Pollen grains are solitary, heteropolar, ellipsoidal to globose, and broadly sulcate. The exine consists of a smooth and microperforated tectum, a granular to “protocolumellar” infratectal layer, and sometimes an initial, not foliated basal layer. The intine is stratified and tends to extrude with its considerably swelling alveolarfibrillar outer layer through the aperture, already inside the unopened pollen sacs. This appears as a new and irreversible harmomegathic mechanism, limited toAnaxagorea, Meiocarpidium and possibly otherAnnonaceae. These palynological data are discussed and coordinated with those from gross-morphological, anatomical, karyological, phytochemical and other studies. All this offers convincing proof for the sometimes questioned systematic and phylogenetic coherence of the widely disjunct S. & C. American and SE. Asian members ofAnaxagorea. Furthermore, a broad comparison with otherAnnonaceae genera demonstrates somewhat closer links ofAnaxagorea with several small and relictual African genera, i.e.Meiocarpidium andPolyceratocarpus, but alsoLettowianthus andPiptostigma;Cleistopholis andAmbavia are more isolated. These genera which exhibit many “primitive” features are provisionally arranged under “tribe I” of the so-called “Fusaea subfamily”. There are loose affinities with “tribe II”, an assembly of more advanced and widespread, often proliferating generic groups, including the S. AsianCananga, the pantropicalXylopia (withPseudannona from Mauritius), a possible link toAnaxagorea and “tribe I”, and the S. AsianGoniothalamus (with the AustralasianRichella s. str. and the W. AfricanNeostenanthera andBoutiquea); the neotropicalFusaea andDuckeanthus apparently are more remote. Because of relationships to several otherAnnonaceae groups and difficulties with its circumscription and definition, the maintainance of the “Fusaea subfamily” as a whole appears questionable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985928
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution alpiner Populationen vonEuphrasia (Scrophulariaceae):E. alpina undE. christii (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Rhinanthoideae ; Euphrasia ; E. alpina ; E. christii ; E. cisalpina ; Chorology and history of the Alpine flora
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The taxonomic affinities, circumsciription and racial differentiation ofE. alpina and its infraspecific synonymy are considered. Its diploid nature is confirmed. The yellow-floweringE. christii is also diploid (2n = 22, first account). A detailed comparison withE. alpina (Figs. 1–2) suggests the rank of subspecies only, and gives no hints as to its suggested hybrid origin. The distribution of the two taxa is documented in maps (Figs. 3–5).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984151
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DasFestuca vivipara-Problem in den Alpen (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 19-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Festuca vivipara ; F. ovina subsp.supina ; Chromosome numbers ; external morphology ; anatomy ; ecology ; distribution ; phylogeny ; Flora of the Central and Eastern Alps ; of Austria ; Slovenia ; N. Italy ; Switzerland ; and Spain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The differences betweenFestuca vivipara (tetraploid) andF. ovina subsp.supina (diploid), two often confused taxa, are demonstrated in regard to morphology, leaf anatomy, ecology and distribution. New maps illustrate the distribution ofF. vivipara in the Alps and the Northern Hemisphere. The development of different polyploidy levels withinF. vivipara as a consequence of occasional sexual processes is discussed. (English Summary on p. 39.)
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984152
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollen morphology inLinum sect.Macrantholinum (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 65-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Linaceae ; Linum ; sect.Macrantholium ; Pollen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pollen of the two distylous species which make upLinum sect.Macrantholinum differs from that of other distylous species in the genus in being multiporate and in having much more modest differences in exine sculpturing between grains from long- and short-styled plants. Pollen morphology does not help in relating the two species to others in the genus but does support their retention in a separate section.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984154
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyotaxonomic analysis of the genusBunium (Umbelliferae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 71-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) ; Bunium ; Chromosome numbers ; karyotypes ; karyosystematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chromosome numbers are reported for 23 species of the genusBunium, distributed mainly in Middle Asia and Transcaucausia. The great diversity of basic chromosome numbers is unusual for a genus ofUmbelliferae: x = 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, and 6. This series obviously has to be interpreted as descending dysploidy. Infraspecific aneuploidy was found in three species, but there are no B-chromosomes or polyploidy. The karyotypes of 18 species are described, using two morphometric chromosome parameters, centromere position and relative length (Table 2), and illustrated (Figs. 2–4). Species vary greatly in their karyotype asymmetry (20.4–45.9%). Chromosome numbers and structures appear to be useful in the karyotaxonomical and biogeographical analysis of the genus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984155
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolutionary trends in the androecium of theOrchidaceae (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 119-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Androecium morphology ; pollination ; evolutionary trends
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The evolution of the androecium in theOrchidaceae shows three major trends. There is a progressive trend in the degree of fusion of the filament(s) and staminode(s) to the gynoecium. Secondly, there is a reduction in the number of fertile anthers. Finally, there is a progressive change in the position of the base of the anther relative to the apex of the stigma; in the more primitive orchids the apex of the stigma is always higher than the base of the anther (this position is reversed in the higher orchids). All three trends reflect variation in the evolution of pollen dispersal and pollen reception mechanisms in theOrchidaceae. Trends in the evolution of the orchid anther(s) tend to parallel trends in the evolution of their pollinaria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984157
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationships between three species ofFestuca sect.Bovinae (Poaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae =Gramineae ; Festuca sect. ; Bovinae ; Seed protein electrophoresis ; morphology ; numerical analysis ; systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seed protein electrophoresis confirms the existence of polymorphism among hexaploid populations ofFestuca arundinacea. Both protein and morphological results suggest thatF. pratensis andF. arundinacea should retain independent specific status. High protein homology of these two species withF. gigantea points towards phylogenetic links between these taxa.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984158
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Eine neue Untergattung vonGymnocalycium (Cactaceae): SubgenusPirisemineum (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 149-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cactaceae ; Gymnocalycium subgen ; Pirisemineum ; subgen. nov. ; Flora of Bolivia ; Argentina and Paraguay
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new subgenus ofGymnoalycium is described; its distribution and position within the genus are briefly discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984161
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Scanning electron microscopy of pollen grains of some species of the genusArum (Araceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Araceae ; Arum spp. div. ; Pollen ; scanning electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A preliminary report is given on the pollen morphology of eight species of the genusArum examined by scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains are spheroidal and their sporoderm sculpture possesses spines. The species vary mainly in number, shape and distribution of the spines on the pollen surface and these characters can be used to differentiate them.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983307
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distinctions betweenHordeum bulbosum andH. murinum s.l. in seed and herbarium collections (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae (Gramineae) ; Hordeum bulbosum ; H. murinum ; Seed collections ; lodicule characters ; spikelet morphology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract It is sometimes necessary to identify eitherH. bulbosum orH. murinum on the basis of the inflorescence or “seeds” alone. The majority of taxonomic keys use the presence of swollen basal culms for the former against the annual habit for the latter. Confusion is due to similarities in inflorescences and spikelet morphology. Lodicules which always persist and are present beside the fruit in a mature caryopsis, and other characters such as the awns of the lemmas of the lateral spikelets enable conclusive distinction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983306
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Community studies in pollination ecology in the high temperate Andes of central Chile II. effect of temperature on visitation rates and pollination possibilities (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 187-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Pollination ecology ; visitation rates ; pollination along altitudinal gradient ; Flora of Chile, of the Andes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Visitation rates and mean numbers of visits per flower per day are determined at three altitudinal levels (2 200–3 600 m) in the high Andes of central Chile from quantified observations of flowers visitors to a total of 134 species of plants, studied over three flowering seasons. Significant altitudinal decreases in the mean no. visits/flower/minute and per day were recorded, with Level III flowers, on the average, being pollinated only about 1/2 as frequently and to as low as 1/4 as frequently in certain months, as Level I flowers. Visitation rates are generally highest in early and mid-summer at all altitudes. — The lower visitation rates at the higher elevations are due to lower insect abundance relative to plant resources and lower levels of activity for the insects present, stemming from the generally lower ambient temperatures. Seasonal differences in visitation rates may also be related to differences in insect abundance levels. The total probability of ovule pollination cannot be estimated directly from the pollination rates, because stigmas are probably receptive for longer periods at the higher elevations. When differences in the duration of stigma receptivity are estimated from differences in flower lifelength, the probability of pollination in Level III is not very different from that expected in Level I. However, for some months, the deficit in Level III may still be substantial. — These results underline the inherent dangers of predicting pollination possibilities directly from pollination rates. They also suggest that the impoverished pollination conditions assumed in hypotheses predicting higher amounts of self-compatibility at high altitudes might not be justified for all high temperate mountains.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983305
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Further flavonoid studies onAttalea species and some related cocosoid palms (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Palmae ; Arecaceae ; Cocosoideae ; Attalea ; Scheelea ; Orbignya ; Flavones ; flavonols ; flavone C-glycosides ; flavonoid sulphates ; chemosystematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In a flavonoid survey of direct and hydrolysed leaf extracts of sixteenAttalea, sevenScheelea and fourOrbignya species free tricin, tricin 7-glycosides, tricin 5-glucoside and flavone C-glycosides were the most frequent constituents; present in 100, 89, 70, and 81% of species, respectively. Luteolin, quercetin and isorhamnetin were each found in only 15% of the sample. The present results confirm the findings of a previous survey thatAttalea, Scheelea andOrbignya are chemically heterogeneous with as much variation between species as between genera. Furthermore, threeAttalea species,A. allenii, A. guaranitica andA. victoriana showed some infraspecific variation. On the other hand all three accessions ofA. ferruginea and six ofA. geraensis examined gave identical flavonoid profiles. The results support the view thatA. geraensis andA. guaranitica are closely related but do not support the suggested close relationship based on morphology betweenA. oleifera, A. burretiana andA. piassabossu.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983309
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemotaxonomical investigations of the generaBlackstonia andCentaurium (Gentianaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 253-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Gentianaceae ; Centaurium ; Blackstonia ; Secoiridoid glucosides ; xanthories ; chemotaxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Methanolic extracts from aerial parts and capsules of plants of 5 populations ofBlackstonia perfoliata and 99 populations of nine European and two AmericanCentaurium species (Gentianaceae) have been screened by means of TLC for the secoiridoid glucosides: sweroside, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside and the m-hydroxybenzoyl esters of sweroside, namely centapicrin, desacetylcentapicrin, decentapicrin A and B as well as for the xanthones: 1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone, 1,8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone, 1,8-dihydroxy-3,5,6,7-tetramethoxyxanthone and xanthone-β-mono-glucosides. The taxonomical significance of the results is discussed. On the basis of chemotaxonomical evidence twoCentaurium species,C. pulchellum andC. tenuiflorum, are placed in sect.Parviflora instead of sect.Centaurium subsect.Parviflora.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983311
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollenfertility and seed formation in theOrnithogalum umbellatum/angustifolium complex (Liliaceae/Scilloideae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 287-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Liliaceae ; Hyacinthaceae ; Scilloideae ; Ornithogalum ; O. umbellatum ; O. angustifolium ; Polyploid complex ; pollen shape ; pollen fertility ; seed formation ; seedlings ; weather circumstances
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The pollen fertility and seed formation of six species of theOrnithogalum umbellatum/angustifolium complex and of seven related species were studied. Four types of pollen grains could be recognized. The pollen fertility varied greatly in this complex and is not related to the ploidy level. The seed formation ofO. umbellatum showed an adaptation to a subcontinental-Mediterranean climate, that ofO. angustifolium to an Atlantic climate. In both cases raindrops seem to be important for pollination, in view of the absence of insect pollinators. After open pollination 113 seedlings were obtained in four species. Their chromosome numbers were determined. Nearly all the cultivated seedlings were aneuploid, which points to a positive selection of euploids in nature, because aneuploid individuals are rare in the wild.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983312
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative fecundity of morphs in a mixed monoclinous-andromonoecious population ofWurmbea dioica subsp.alba (Liliaceae) in Western Australia (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Liliaceae ; Wurmbea ; Monocliny ; andromonoecy ; morph ratios ; seed set ; ovule production
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A population ofWurmbea dioica subsp.alba in Western Australia contained monoclinous and andromonoecious individuals in roughly equal proportions. The average number of flowers per inflorescence for the former was 2.6 and for the latter 2.9, with its terminal flower staminate. Ovule number and seed production per perfect flower of both morphs decreased progressively from lower to upper flowers in the inflorescence. Two-flowered monoclinous individuals had a greater percentage of ovules maturing to seed than did threeflowered ones, but seed production of the latter exceeded that of the former. No differences in percent seed set or in seed production were noted for similar individuals of andromonoecious individuals. Although monoclinous and andromonoecious plants apparently contributed equally to the pollen pool, seed production of the former exceeded that of the latter. Thus, the energetic costs of monocliny exceed those of andromonoecy in this population.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983313
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Exkret-Flavonoide bei Höheren Pflanzen arider Gebiete (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Epicuticular layer ; leaf resins ; flavonoid aglycones ; distribution ; arid habitat ; ecological functions ; chemotaxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Flavonoids generally occur in higher plants as water-soluble glycosides. However, lipophilic flavonoid aglycones can be excreted by glandular trichomes or extruded through the cuticle. They are accumulated on the plant surface as constituents of leaf resins or thin epicuticular layers. External flavonoid aglycones are found in various families throughout the higher plants, but appear to be most abundant in theAsteraceae. They occur relatively frequently in plants of (semi-)arid habitats. It is advantageous for chemotaxonomic studies that the structural diversity of exudate flavonoids is normally greater than that of the tissue glycosides in these plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985569
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigations into the evolutionary history of the polyploid complexAntennaria neodioica (Asteraceae: Inuleae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 143-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Compositae ; Inuleae ; Antennaria ; Polyploidy ; compilospecies ; agamospermy ; dioecy ; agamic complex ; phenetics ; numerical taxonomy ; interspecific hybrids ; morphology ; origins
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract TheAntennaria neodioica polyploid agamic complex is a polymorphic species occurring across North America mainly north of the terminal margin of the Wisconsin glacier. This taxonomically difficult group has recently been treated as consisting of the four subspeciesA. neodioica subsp.canadensis, subsp.howellii, subsp.neodioica, and subsp.petaloidea. TheA. neodioica agamic complex has been considered of hybrid origin with several sexual diploid species constituting its parentage. Crosses were made among five sexual diploid species ofAntennaria, morphologically similar toA. neodioica s.l., in an attempt to discover its origins. Representative specimens of the five diploid species,A. neodioica s. l., and the synthetic interspecific F1 hybrids were subjected to various analyses including PCA, cluster (UPGMA), and discriminant analyses. Results suggest that theA. neodioica complex is of multiple hybrid origin involving the four diploid speciesA. neglecta, A. plantaginifolia, A. racemosa, andA. virginica. BecauseA. neodioica is the result of diverse origin it is more desirable to consider the agamic complex as a separate, distinct species from its sexual diploid relatives. Several morphological characters in the diploid species were determined to be polygenically inherited.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984192
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrastruktur und systematische Bedeutung des Pollens beiBocageopsis, Ephedranthus, Malmea undUnonopsis (Annonaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 165-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Annonaceae ; Bocageopsis ; Ephedranthus ; Malmea ; Unonopsis ; Pollen ultrastructure ; exine differentiation ; non-columellate and columellate exine ; systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The four genera investigated show solitary sulcate pollen grains. The structure and sculpture of the sporoderm is very similar inBocageopsis andUnonopsis, and supports the close relationship of both genera; their flower morphology also is very similar. In contrast, the sporoderm ofEphedranthus, and especially that ofMalmea, is different in some characters and suggests more remote relationships; this is also confirmed by differences in flower morphology. Within this group of genera a distinct exine progression can be recognized from non-columellate (Malmea) to granular (Unonopsis guatterioides), further to somewhat irregularly (Bocageopsis, someUnonopsis species), and finally to very regularly columellate (Ephedranthus). The sculpture of the tectum varies from a reticulum with large lumina (Malmea) to one with small performations (Ephedranthus). Within theAnnonaceae the genusMalmea is among the most primitive in respect to pollen structure. The sulcus of the four genera is very large and runs over 1/3 of the pollen grain. It is characterized by a reduction of the exine and a bulgy thickening of the intine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984193
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new pollen type, C-banded and fluorochrome counterstained chromosomes, and evolution inGuatteria and related genera (Annonaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 119-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Annonaceae ; Guatteria ; Guatteriopsis ; Guatteriella ; Heteropetalum ; Pollen ultrastructure ; chromosome analysis ; Giemsa C-banding ; sequential fluorochrome staining ; leaf surface micromorphology ; evolution in primitive angiosperms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Guatteria, Guatteriopsis, Guatteriella andHeteropetalum share the same conspicuous pollen type which is new for theSpermatophyta. It is zonoaperturate with a folded aperture region and an extremely reduced exine. First chromosome counts and karyotype analyses forGuatteriopsis (4 species investigated) andGuatteriella (1 species) are identical with those ofGuatteria (19 species seen): 2n = 28. The genome is characterized by diploidization and partly telocentric chromosomes. Sequentially Giemsa C- and fluorochrome banded chromosomes and interphase nuclei are described. The cuticular folding pattern is distinct forHeteropetalum only. Growth forms and ecology are reported for many species. The evolutionary pattern of theGuatteria group is discussed and compared with other genera and families.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984191
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crossing and selfing experiments in theOrnithogalum umbellatum/augustifolium complex (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 179-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Liliaceae ; Scilloideae ; Hyacinthaceae ; Ornithogalum ; O. umbellatum ; O. angustifolium ; Polyploid complex ; self-pollination ; bulbil vs. seed production ; crossing experiments ; fertility relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The fertility relationships ofOrnithogalum umbellatum, O. angustifolium and 9 related taxa were studied.O. umbellatum andO. angustifolium, which are not interfertile, are both recognized as a comparium. Pollination of five species belonging to theO. umbellatum/angustifolium polyploid complex, i.e.O. umbellatum, O. angustifolium, O. baeticum, O. monticolum andO. algeriense, resulted in a moderate seed set. However, the seeds obtained after these interspecific crosses did not germinate. Six related species, i.e.O. exscapum, O. nivale, O. comosum, O. collinum, O. gussonei andO. woronowii showed a very low seed set after being crossed. One exception occurs:O. nivale ×O. exscapum. The seed set was also low after the complex species had been crossed with some related species, but there was one exception: both reciprocal crosses betweenO. monticolum andO. woronowii yielded some viable seeds. No other interspecific crosses gave rise to viable seeds. Bulbil-producing species have a lower seed set after self-pollination than species which do not produce bulbils.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984194
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new species ofThottea (Aristolochiaceae) from India (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Aristolochiaceae ; Thottea ponmudiana sp. n. ; Th. siliquosa ; Flora of India
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Thottea ponmudiana sp. nova from Kerala (India) can readily be distinguished from its closest allyTh. siliquosa and all the other known species of the genus by its yellow flowers with purple eyes, deeply lobed perianth with strongly reflexed margins, uniseriate stamens united in three bundles and strongly 4-angled, green, glabrescent fruits.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984196
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Protein resources in wild barley,Hordeum spontaneum, in Israel: Predictive method by ecology and allozyme markers (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 205-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Hordeum spontaneum ; cereals ; Protein content ; kernel weight ; correlation with allozyme markers and environmental parameters
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Geographic variation in protein content of wild barley,Hordeum spontaneum, and the associations of protein content with ecological and allozyme markers were tested in an attempt to derive predictive guidelines for conservation and utilization in breeding programs. The study involved 195 genotypes of wild barley from 25 populations, 15 central and 10 marginal. These populations had been tested earlier for allozymic variation (Nevo & al. 1979 a, b). The results indicate that protein content varies both within, but particularly between populations. Notably, the 10 marginal populations exhibit high protein content but low kernel weight, as compared with the 15 central populations which displayed lower protein content but high kernel weight. Three variable combinations of climatic factors explain 40% of the variability in protein content among populations. Likewise, 3 variable combinations of allozyme allele frequencies explain a significant degree of spatial variance in protein content (R square = 0.63). — We conclude that natural populations of wild barley in Israel contain large amounts of yet untapped genes for protein content. These could be effectively screened and utilized for producing high protein cultivars of barley by following ecological and allozymic markers as predictive guidelines in screening natural populations of wild barley.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984197
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollination ofPlectranthus vestitus (Lamiaceae) by trap-lining hovering bees in Madagascar (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 223-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lamiaceae ; Plectranthus ; P. vestitus ; Pollination ; melittophily ; hovering bees ; Flora of madagascar
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In a primary forest on the Central Plateau of MadagascarPlectranthus vestitus (Lamiaceae) was principally pollinated by the beePachymelus limbatus (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae). A species ofStylogaster (Diptera, Conopidae) acted as a co-pollinator. Flower — pollinator interactions are described. The bee performed pollination while hovering, a flower-visit lasting onlyc. 0.3 seconds. Floral features such as shape and size of the corolla tube, and the lack of a landing place suggest specialization to hovering anthophorid beepollinators. Floral biology and pollination in the genusPlectranthus are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984198
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Revision ofVerbesina sect.Pseudomontanoa (Asteraceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 237-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Verbesina ; V. breedlovei ; sp. n. ; V. cronquistii ; sp. n. ; V. olsenii ; sp. n. ; Taxonomic revision ; chromosome numbers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Verbesina sect.Pseudomontanoa is revised. The last treatment of the group byRobinson & Greenman (1899) recognized 5 species; the present treatment recognizes 12 species, 3 of which (V. breedlovei, V. cronquistii andV. olsenii) are described as new. A key to species, phyletic diagram and distribution maps are provided.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984199
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variability in giant fennel (Ferula communis, Umbelliferae): Ribosomal RNA nuclear genes (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 263-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Umbelliferae ; Apiaceae ; Ferula communis ; rDNA variability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The rDNA of five accessions of the giant fennel (Ferula communis, Umbelliferae) was analyzed. The restriction map of Bam H 1, Eco R 1 and Hind III sites was established for one of them. Variation between the five accessions was observed at several levels. Three have a homogeneous repeat size, whereas the two others are heterogeneous, one presenting an additional site heterogeneity. However, the general pattern of organization is very similar and there is much greater similarity between theFerula accessions than with the pattern observed for carrot, a plant from the same family. Variation was also observed in the copy number of the rDNA repeats, which ranges from ≃ 900 to 3 500. The results demonstrate that the five accessions can be clearly differentiated by molecular analysis of their DNA although they belong to the same species or subspecies. They also demonstrate that different isolated populations of a species evolve independently, thus shedding light on the molecular mechanisms of speciation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984200
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollen viability assessments in blackberries (Rubus subgen.Rubus) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 281-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Rosaceae ; Rubus ; Pollen viability ; pollen germination ; seed set ; cotton blue ; TTC
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pollen viability has been investigated in 20 blackberry species using 3 methods, (1) cotton blue, (2) TTC, and (3) germination in a sucrose solution. Significant differences were found between species. Correlations between high pollen viability and high seed set were also obtained.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984202
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The evolutionary breakdown of distyly inLinum tenuifolium (Linaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 291-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Linaceae ; Linum tenuifolium ; Breeding system ; heterostyly ; self-incompatibility ; pollen production ; seed-set ; colonization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Distyly inLinum tenuifolium L. is associated with a high degree of self-incompatibility. Breakdown in this system has occurred without the morphological rearrangement expected as the result of cross-over within the distyly supergene. Pollen-flow in both distylous and monomorphic populations is leptokurtic. A high proportion of intra-flower pollination occurs. Pollen production per ovule is reduced in the self-compatible race. Mean seed-set is increased. Individuals of the self-compatible race produce less vegetative growth and require a shorter time to reach reproductive maturity under cultivation. Increased fecundity appears to provide the selective advantage promoting the breakdown of self-incompatibility in this species. This is achieved through a massive shift of resources toward female reproductive function in plants of the monomorphic race. Subsequent colonization by this race has led to its increased distribution in C. & S. Europe.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984203
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    NeueSilene-Arten (Caryophyllaceae) aus dem Gebiet der Flora Iranica (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 307-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Caryophyllaceae ; Silene ; New Species ; Flora of Iran ; Afghanistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract 15 new species are described: Sect.Sclerocalycinae:S. farsistanica, S. stapfii. — Sect.Spergulifoliae:S. paktiensis. — Sect.Auriculatae:S. caroli-henrici, S. daënensis, S. gertraudiae, S. nizvana, S. oligophylla, S. persepolitana, S. pseudaucheriana, S. pseudonurensis, S. renzii, S. salangensis, S. sojakii. — Sect.Brachypodae:S. rasvandica. — All the new species are from Iran with exception ofS. paktiensis andS. parvanica which are from Afghanistan.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984205
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Interspecific differences in differentiation and dedifferentiation patterns in the genusNicotiana (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 19-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Solanaceae ; Nicotiana. — Habituation ; differentiation ; crown gall ; tissue culture ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Differentiation on hormoneless media, habituation ability and crown gall induction inNicotiana tissue cultures have been used as physiological parameters of evolutionary differentiation between species. Some of them on hormone free media differentiated whole plantlets, others produced only shoots or roots or showed undifferentiated growth (habituation), some eventually died. Moreover, the same genotypes showed a differential behaviour as far as tumor formation byAgrobacterium tumefaciens was concerned. Particularly, the competence for crown gall transformation inNicotiana species seems negatively correlated with differentiation capacity and may be ascribed to differences in the plants capacity to synthesize growth regulators. The correlation between the results obtained and the phylogenetic position of the genotypes tested is finally discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418016
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Infraspecific variation in C-banded karyotype and chiasma frequency inCucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 31-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cucurbitaceae ; Cucumis sativus L. — Giemsa C-banding ; heterochromatin ; infraspecific classification
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Infraspecific cytogenetical variation was studied in a diverse collection of five non-cultivated and cultivatedCucumis sativus accessions. The individual chromosomes of different accessions could be identified by the C-banding pattern and chromosome measurements. About 40–50% of the genomic area are made up of heterochromatin inC. sativus. The non-cultivated accessions exhibit more heterochromatin and lower chiasma frequencies per pollen mother cell than cultivated accessions. There is infraspecific variation in C-banding pattern, karyomorphology and multinucleolate cells. The use of C-banding in infraspecific classification is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418017
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gynodioecy inSaxifraga granulata L. (Saxifragaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 43-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Saxifragaceae ; Saxifraga granulata L. — Gynodioecy ; floral biology ; sex ratios ; inheritance of male sterility
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The occurrence of gynodioecy in two populations in northern England of the normally hermaphroditeSaxifraga granulata is reported. Female plants have aborted stamens, and smaller petals than hermaphrodites. At Staindrop, County Durham, an estimated 23% of the flowering stems were female; at Macclesfield, Cheshire, 4% were female. The inheritance of male sterility is not simple, and probably involves at least one cytoplasmic and two nuclear genes. The secondary sexual characteristics, hermaphrodite-predominant sex ratios, and complex inheritance of male sterility, are typical of gynodioecious populations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418018
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Patterns of fruit and seed production inBauhinia ungulata (Leguminosae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 55-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Caesalpinioideae ; Bauhinia ungulata. — Fruit production ; seed production ; position effects ; herbivory
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Patterns of seed and fruit production ofBauhinia ungulata, a small tree legume indigenous in tropical America, were studied in Costa Rica. Only about 8% of flowers produced fruits. The average pod had 19 ovules and about two thirds of these began seed development, with mature pods containing an average of 9.7 mature undamaged seeds. About half of the mature pods were damaged by herbivores and within these, 27% of ovules or seeds had been eaten. Among trees there was no significant variation in pod production, but the number of ovules per pod and seed production per pod varied significantly. Within infructescences most pods were retained at middle positions. Within pods, the probability of an ovule developing into a seed increased toward the distal end. The pattern of seed and fruit production in this species agrees well in general with that reported for other neotropical legumes. The abortion of seeds and fruits can be regarded as a way of controlling maternal investment, and as a response to herbivory.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418019
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Revision of the genusOxylobus (Asteraceae-Eupatorieae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 73-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Eupatorieae ; Oxylobus.—Taxonomy.—Flora of Mexico ; Central America ; Guatemala ; Columbia ; Venezuela
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A revisionary treatment ofOxylobus is rendered. Four species are recognized. All are confined to the mountainous regions of southern Mexico and Central America, except forO. glanduliferus which has disjunct populations in the highlands of north-central South America. Descriptions, illustrations, dot-maps and a key to species are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418021
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyotaxonomic study of some species ofPeucedanum (Umbelliferae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 89-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) ; Peucedanum ; Lomatium. — Chromosome numbers ; karyotypes ; karyosystematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A study of morphometric karyotype characters was carried out in 14 species ofPeucedanum s. lat. (Umbelliferae — Apioideae) and in one species of the related genusLomatium. The differences of the species in their karyotype characters are correlated only to a limited degree with their similarities of dissimilarities in morphological (i. a. carpological) characters, and thus with their taxonomic position. The evolution of these two sets of characters seems to have proceeded not synchronously or even in different directions in the group of platycarpousUmbelliferae united in the genusPeucedanum. Therefore, it is unlikely that morphometric chromosome characters revealed by monochrome staining can be used appropriately in the taxonomic revision of the polymorphous genusPeucedanum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418022
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modifiers of heterocarpy determine capitulum size inMicroseris hybrid D 14 (Asteraceae — Lactuceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 103-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Lactuceae ; Microseris. — Heterocarpy ; canalized numbers ; meristic characters ; quantitative genetics ; modifier genes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The proportion of the outer, “hairy” achenes in capitula of hybrid D 14 (Microseris pygmaea × M. bigelovii) is determined by the same major gene as in its sister hybrid, B 87, as shown by marker segregation. Crossover between major gene and markers shows their genetic independence. Two modifiers segregating 9:7 influence the proportion of hairies in plants homozygous for the major gene. These same modifiers (or two genes linked with them) also determine the segregation of the number of achenes per head. Most likely, the modifiers act indirectly via a residual dependence of heterocarpy on capitulum size within strict quantitative limits set by the major gene. The identification of modifiers in a polygenic system as major genes for another character acting pleiotropically supports our contention that relatively few genes interact in plant development to determine key morphological characteristics at the organismic level.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418023
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphology, biology, and systematic relationships ofDesmaria (Loranthaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Loranthaceae ; Desmaria mutabilis. — Shoot dimorphism ; bud scales ; deciduousness ; heterocotyly ; parasitism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Desmaria mutabilis is unique inLoranthaceae in having dimorphic shoots, the short shoots producing a terminal inflorescence. Other unusual features in the family are well differentiated bud scales and deciduousness. The normal position of mature plants on the trunks of large trees is shown to be a consequence of profuse vegetative reproduction from the epicortical roots, the predominant growth direction of the latter towards the trunk from the original site of establishment on a lateral branch, and the ability of epicortical roots to generate haustorial contacts through heavy host bark. The seedling is heterocotylar, one cotyledon being phanerocotylar, the other cryptocotylar and functioning as a haustorial organ in the endosperm. It is suggested thatDesmaria is a member of the primitive complex of loranthaceous genera which includesGaiadendron.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418024
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A newFerulago (Apiaceae) species from Turkey (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 141-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Apiaceae ; Ferulago antiochia sp.n. — Flora of Turkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ferulago antiochia Saya & Miski is newly described: it is known only from the type locality in Hatay province and has affinities toF. trachycarpa Boiss. of sect.Anisotaenia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418026
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Allozyme divergence and evolution in the genusLens (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1985), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Lens. — Systematics ; allozymes ; reproductive barriers ; domestication
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genusLens includes 5 taxonomic species:L. culinaris is cultivated andL. orientalis, L. odemensis, L. ervoides, andL. nigricans are wild. All the species are annual and almost exlusively selfers. The wild lentils are distributed over a large geographical area and form small disjunct populations which are composed of a small number of plants. 67Lens populations were assayed electrophoretically for 9 enzyme systems; 15 enzymic genes with 37 alleles were identified. The genetic distances (D) measured between the pairs of populations indicated a significantly greater similarity between populations belonging to the same taxonomic species. Assuming the populations represent a random sample of the variability in each of the species the genetic distances (D) between the 5 taxa were calculated. The shortest genetic distance was found betweenL. orientalis andL. culinaris. Another significant feature of the data is the apparent isolation ofL. nigricans from the other 4 species. The genetic distances between theLens species are compared to the patterns of crossability barriers between them.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418025
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A taxometric analysis of seed proteins in the genusBriza s. l. (Poaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 163-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Briza ; Cluster analysis ; seed proteins ; electrophoresis ; grass systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The species ofBriza L. s. l. are disjunctly distributed between Eurasia and South America. A taxometric analysis has been carried out, using data from electrophoresis of seed polypeptides and published morphological characters. Evidence from a cluster analysis of seed polypeptide data strongly supports the recognition of two different natural groups, a S. American group and a Eurasian group, and is consistent with karyotype data, but does not support the generic groupings of South American taxa derived from the morphological data.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430272
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phylogenetic implications of pollen nuclear number in theAraceae (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 145-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Araceae.— Pollen nuclear number ; embryology ; evolution of trinucleate pollen ; irreversible evolutionary trend
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Data on pollen nuclear number are presented for 74 of the 111 currently accepted genera of theAraceae — one of only three monocot families in which both bi- and trinucleate pollen are known to occur. Binucleate pollen, which characterizes 65% of aroid genera, is regarded as the primitive type inAraceae and monocots as a whole. The trend toward the trinucleate condition appears to be irreversible, and to have occurred many times within the family.Syngonium becomes the sixth angiosperm genus in which both character-states are known to occur; otherwise, the character is highly conservative at the generic level. Pollen nuclear number shows no evident correlation with pollen size, starch content or pollinator type.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430271
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contributions to the knowledge of sieve-element plastids inGunneraceae and allied families (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 215-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Gunneraceae ; Haloragaceae ; Hippuridaceae. — Sieve-element plastids ; ultrastructure and systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract P-type sieve-element plastids were found in theGunneraceae, while S-type plastids are present in theHaloragaceae andHippuridaceae. The specific characters of the sieve-element plastids (e.g., their size and the morphology of their contents) are discussed in relation to other taxa of theRosidae containing P-type plastids and to the systematic position of theGunneraceae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430276
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Floral mimesis inThelymitra nuda (Orchidaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 187-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Thelymitra nuda ; Liliaceae ; Dichopogon ; Thysanotus ; Halictidae ; Lasioglossum ; Syrphidae. — Mimesis ; pollinaria ; staminodal hood ; thoracic vibration ; trichome cluster. — Flora of Australia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Insect pollination occurred inThelymitra nuda R. Br. on sunny days when the ambient temperature exceeded 20 °C. The flower buds on a raceme opened subsynchronously displaying the brightly-colored, actinomorphic perianth and exposed the contrastingly-colored, scented and ornamented column. InT. nuda the staminodes and the filament of the fertile stamen are fused to one another producing an inflated hood over the anther. This staminodal hood is terminated in two non-ornamental, but brightly-colored, central lobes and two terete lateral lobes bearing approximately 400 white trichomes. Each trichome bears a double chain of 30–40 spherical, rugulose cells. Female bees, in the genusLasioglossum (Halictidae), were observed to land directly on the hood and curled their bodies around the four lobed tip of the staminodal complex. The bees attempted to forage on the lobes as if they were collecting pollen from fertile, poricidal stamens. These bees applied thoracic vibration to the yellowish central lobes and actively scraped the trichome clusters (Pseudopollen) with their forelegs. Bees carried the pollinaria ofT. nuda dorsally on their abdomens. Abdominal contact with the rostellum appeared to occur when the female bee disengaged herself from the staminodal hood. Observations made of bees on co-blooming flowers, and analyses of pollen loads collected by bees suggested that the orchid flower mimics the guild of blue-purple flowers that lack floral nectar but offer pollen in poricidal anthers. The models ofT. nuda are co-bloomingLiliaceae in the generaDichopogon andThysanotus. However, nectarless, buzz-pollinated flowers are also extensively distributed over the orchid’s range. More than 30% of the flowers in theT. nuda population had their pollinaria removed, suggesting a high capacity for cross-pollination in an orchid genus usually considered to be self-pollinated via mechanical autogamy. This study confirmed previous predictions that column modifications represented a trend towards pseudanthery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430274
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of the karyotypes ofPsathyrostachys juncea andP. huashanica (Poaceae) studied by banding techniques (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 203-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Psathyrostachys juncea ; P. huashanica. — Chromosomes ; Giemsa ; C-banding patterns ; chromosome polymorphism ; nucleoli
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The karyotypes ofP. juncea (Elymus junceus) andP. huashanica (both outbreeders) were investigated by Feulgen-staining and by C-, N-, and Agbanding, based on a single plant in cach case. Both species have 2n=2x=14 and large chromosomes, possibly a generic character. The karyotype ofP. juncea has 8 metacentrics and 6 SAT-chromosomes with minute, heterochromatic satellites while that ofP. huashanica has 9 metacentrics and 5 SAT-chromosomes only, 2 of which with small, heterochromatic satellites. The C-banding patterns ofP. juncea chromosomes comprise from one to five, mostly small, bands at distal, and terminal positions, while those ofP. huashanica chromosomes are characterized by large telomeric bands in most arms. Banding patterns and chromosome morphology allow identification of the homologues of the seven chromosome pairs inP. juncea, but of two pairs inP. huashanica only. The patterns of both taxa are polymorphic, supporting that both taxa are outbreeders. The karyotypic characters suggest thatP. juncea is more closely related toP. fragilis than either is toP. huashanica. N-banding stains weakly. Silver nitrate staining demonstrates that nucleolus organizers of both species have different nucleolus forming capacities. The presence of micronucleoli suggests that both species have an extra unidentified chromosome with nucleolus forming capacity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430275
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systematics ofNama (Hydrophyllaceae): Flavonoids and phyletic position of sect.Arachnoidea and sect.Cinerascentia (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 223-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Hydrophyllaceae ; Nama. — Chemotaxonomy ; flavones ; 6-methoxy flavones ; C-glycosyl flavones
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Eight flavonoids, four 6-oxygenated flavones, two methyl ethers of luteolin, apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside, were isolated fromNama lobbii andN. rothrockii, sole members of sects.Arachnoidea andCinerascentia, respectively. Both taxa diverge markedly from other namas in morphology and chromosome number and their placement inNama has been questioned. The occurrence of 6-oxygenated flavones in these taxa adds to their already distinctive nature. Flavonoid evidence argues that both are more closely allied toEriodictyon than either is toNama.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430277
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systematic study ofOsbertia (Asteraceae-Astereae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 229-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Astereae ; Osbertia ; O. chihuahua sp. n. ; Heterotheca ; Chrysopsis ; Pityopsis ; Noticastrum ; Erigeron ; Haplopappus. — Taxonomy. — Flora of Mexico
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Osbertia, a stoloniferous group confined to the montane regions of Mexico and adjacent Guatemala, was first proposed as a genus byGreene (1895), but most workers have retained the taxon as part ofHaplopappus. It is clearly closer toNoticastrum, Erigeron orHeterotheca than it is toHaplopappus sensu stricto. The present treatment recognizes two species, a widespread highly variableOsbertia stolonifera and a newly describedO. chihuahuana from northwestern Mexico. Distribution maps, distinguishing features, full synonymy and illustrations are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430278
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution alpiner Populationen vonEuphrasia (Scrophulariaceae): Die tetraploideE. minima (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 151 (1986), S. 241-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Scrophulariacae ; Rhinanthoideae ; Euphrasia ; E. minima ; E. tatrae ; E. mendonçae ; E. willkommii. — Polyploid complex ; evolution of tetraploid species ; chorology and history of the Alpic flora ; new chromosome counts. — Flora of Europe ; of Turkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A systematic analysis of the variable and probably allotetraploidE. minima is presented, its infraspecific taxonomy is discussed.E. tatrae is provisionally included intoE. minima although some differences may exist;E. mendonçae may be a relic of a formerly wider distribution ofE. minima; E. willkommii seems to be closer toE. stricta s. lat. than toE. minima. 4x-E. minima is supposed to be derived from phylogenetic lines close to extant dwarf alpine forms of 2x-E. alpina (including its yellow flowering subsp.christii;Vitek 1985b) and 2x-E. hirtella (vgl.Vitek 1985a). Some characteristics (e.g., its small flowers) could have been introduced through hybrid introgression from other 2x-species, particularlyE. inopinata and/orE. sinuata (vgl.Ehrendorfer & Vitek 1984).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02430279
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some aspects of dioecy inOcotea (Lauraceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 47-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lauraceae ; Ocotea ; Sex distribution ; dioecy ; Flora of South America
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The evolution of dioecy inLauraceae cannot be attributed to selection for outbreeding but must have other reasons. Therefore it is interesting to note that inOcotea there seems to be a correlation between mode of reproduction and geographical distribution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985350
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some pollination strategies in neotropical savannas and forests (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 29-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Annonaceae ; Araceae ; Arecaceae ; Bignoniaceae ; Cyclanthaceae ; Magnoliaceae ; Malpighiaceae ; Malvaceae ; Nymphaeaceae ; Flowering phenology ; pollination strategies ; flower ecological radiation: neotropical savannas and forests ; melittophily ; nectar robbery ; “oil-flowers” and “oil-bees” ; ornithophily ; chiropterophily ; cantharophily:Dynastinae beetles ; flower evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Previously published data on flowering phenology and pollination of neotropical families are reviewed and compared with new observations, in order to evaluate some trends of pollination strategies in neotropical savannas and forests. Central American forestBignoniaceae apparently diminish competition between sympatric species with identical pollination strategies by alternating flowering. On the other hand, in theBignoniaceae of Brazilian cerrado savannas coincident flowering is more common, suggesting different pollination strategies. Bees specialized in nectar robbery are associated withBignoniaceae, particularly mass-flowering species. These nectar robbers stimulate pollinator movements between flowers and thus increase pollen-flow. The flowering phenology of theMalpighiaceae from forests and savannas apparently follows the phenology of theAnthophorinae (mainlyCentridini)-bees, on which this plant group almost exclusively depends for pollination in the Neotropics. As the flowers of different genera and species are very uniform, the bees quite indiscriminately pollinate coexistingMalpighiaceae taxa. In theMalvaceae, the more primitive tree or shrub habit and an allogamous reproduction system is quite significantly associated with an ornithophilous pollination mode. Hummingbirds in the Neotropics have probably influenced the origin of the primitive bird-pollinatedMalvaceae flower. In conjunction with the diversification of theMalvaceae and their migration into more open regions, pollination by bees has apparently become more prominent. ChiropterophilousMalvaceae seem to have developed more recently from ornithophilous ancestors within the neotropical forest regions. As a result of this ecological radiation, parallel modifications of the basic ornithophilous flower principle can be traced in different groups of theMalvaceae. Dynastinae-beetles are pollinators of South and Central American species ofAnnona, Cymbopetalum, Caladium, Talauma, Philodendron, Victoria, Nymphaea, Cyclanthus, Bactris and others. In many cases the relationship between flowers and theirDynastinae visitors is not very specific, principally reflecting differences in the faunistic spectrum of diverse regions and vegetation types. The attraction of these beetles as flower visitors in several unrelated groups of Angiosperms must have occurred repeatedly. It is suggested that the flower visiting species of this beetle group may have acquired their preference for certain pungent or aromatic flower odours by their feeding habits during the larval stage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985349
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sieve element characters and the systematic position ofAustrobaileya, Austrobaileyaceae—with comments to the distinction and definition of sieve cells and sieve-tube members (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 101-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Gymnosperms ; Cycadales ; Austrobaileyaceae ; Austrobaileya ; Sieve cells ; sieve tubes ; ultrastructure of sieve pores ; p-protein ; sieve-element terminology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The ultrastructure of the sieve elements ofAustrobaileya is compared with that of angiosperm sieve tubes and gymnosperm sieve cells (mostly fromCycadales). Except for the size of the sieve poresAustrobaileya shares all ultrastructural characters (e.g., chromatolytic nuclear degeneration, presence of p-protein, formation of sieve pores from unbranched plasmodesmata) and other features (e.g., companion cells) with angiosperm sieve tubes. Gymnosperm sieve cells on the contrary are characterized by pycnotic nuclear degeneration, absence of p-protein, formation of sieve areas from branched plasmodesmata with median cavities. — The exact ordinal assignment ofAustrobaileya within the subclassMagnoliidae is still disputed, a placement close to eitherMyristicaceae andWinteraceae orMonimiaceae being possible as judged from both S-type sieve-element plastids and p-protein bodies. — On the basis of the ultrastructural results fromAustrobaileya it is proposed to reconsider concepts and terminology of sieve elements. i.e., to include features from sieve pore development, nuclei degeneration and presence of specific proteins into the definitions and to restrict the term sieve cell to gymnospermous sieve elements which differ much from those of other vascular plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985352
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Remarks on karyological differentiation patterns in tropical woody plants (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 49-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Magnoliales ; Laurales ; Violales ; Malvales ; Chromosome numbers ; karyomorphology ; banding patterns ; polyploidy ; triploidy ; evolution and systematics in tropical woody plants
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract New karyological data are reported ofMagnoliidae, Violales, Malvales and some other orders. These data include for 102 species from 51 genera and 18 families chromosome counts, karyotypes, interphase nuclear structures and banding patterns. Karyomorphology suggests a new systematic arrangement for theLaurales (Fig. 11), a new circumscription of theCymbopetalum tribe (Annonaceae), and a placement of theCochlospermaceae/Bixaceae in theViolales. ForAnnonaceae andMagnoliidae x = 8 is proposed as the original base number. A model based on extant chromosome numbers inAnnonaceae and combining short dysploid series and polyploidization can explain most of the existing numbers in this family and in the otherMagnoliidae (Fig. 16). Special attention is drawn to the role of triploids and other anorthoploids in chromosome number diversification (e.g., inAnnonaceae, Apocynaceae, Proteaceae). Identical polyploid numbers are shown to have originated from different base numbers. The highest chromosome number forMagnoliidae is found inMyristicaceae (Osteophloeum: 2n = 280). Polyploid relic genera frequently exhibit highly differentiated and “diploidized” karyotypes with many structural rearrangements. The step diploid polyploid is correlated in several genera with the invasion from humid to more extreme, often xeric habitats. Polyploidy serves as a crossing barrier in related syntopic species. InAnnonaceae, Cochlospermaceae andMyristicaceae neotropical taxa have a higher polyploidization rate than palaeotropical ones. — Subsequential fluorochrome-and Giemsa C-banding demonstrates the following pattern for tropical woody plants: Chromosomes mostly have neutral (neither AT- nor GC-rich) proximal heterochromatin (= hc), intercalarly and/or terminal bands are rare. In some cases great variation occurs in regard to location and composition of bands between the investigated taxa. Differences concern genera, species groups or species. Diploid karyotypes tend to contain less different hc-types than polyploid ones. NO-chromosomes also exhibit a remarkable banding pattern differentiation. In general, hc-variation is greater in respect to composition than to distribution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985351
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biology of afroalpineDendrosenecio (Asteraceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 123-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Dendrosenecio ; Age determination ; ecophysiology ; phylogeny ; population dynamics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genusDendrosenecio (“giant groundsels”), encompassing three species and 12 subspecies, is endemic to the high mountains of East and Central Africa where it constitutes the most conspicuous components of the afroalpine vegetation. Two lifeforms, the arborescent and the prostrate rhizomatous, are regarded as the results of evolution from forest-living woody or herbaceous ancestors. Due to the uninterrupted growth period in the tropics, there are no anatomical or morphological features which allow conventional age determination. However, stem elongation rates have been determined (3–5.5 cm per year) and indicate an age of about 250 years for the tallest arborescent Dendrosenecios which may reach a height of 10 m. 30 to 120 large leaves are clustered in an enormous terminal rosette, justifying the term “giant rosette” plants. A leaf bud, consisting of about as many developing leaves as the rosette contains, is found in the center. During the nocturnal frost period the adult rosette leaves form a so-called night-bud by nyctinastic upwards bending and thus protect the leaf bud from freezing by insulation. The stem is surrounded by a mantle of persistent dead leaves; this ameliorates the microclimate of the pith-cells which greatly contribute to water transport into the leaves. Below the leaf rosette a zone of putrefaction is found, from where the decay of the dead leaves apparently provides nutrients directly to the growing stem. The population dynamics of the arborescentD. keniodendron is characterized by a simultaneous inflorescence development at irregular intervals of up to more than twenty years. Due to sporadic flowering and a seedling survival rate of less than 1%, oscillations of the population size are to be expected.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985353
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phylogeny of chromosome races ofFestuca arundinacea andF. mairei (Poaceae) as indicated by seed protein electrophoresis (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 153-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Festuca ; Evolution ; seed proteins ; electrophoresis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seed protein electrophoresis of four chromosomes races ofFestuca arundinacea, F. mairei and their progenitors showed variation in banding patterns. High protein similarities betweenF. arundinacea, F. mairei, F. scariosa, andF. pratensis indicate close phylogenetic relationships of these species. The ancestry ofF. arundinacea cytotypes could be narrowed to three diploid species:F. scariosa, F. pratensis, andF. rubra or to their close relatives.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989424
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Arrangement and size distribution of repeat and single copy DNA sequences in four species ofCucurbitaceae (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 133-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cucurbitaceae ; Luffa cylindrica ; L. acutangula ; Benincasa hispida ; Coccinia indica
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract DNA sequence organization patterns have been studied in fourCucurbitaceae plant species, namely,Luffa cylindrica (sponge gourd),L. acutangula (ridge gourd),Benincasa hispida (ash gourd) andCoccinia indica (ivy gourd). Extensive interspersion of repeat and single copy sequences has been observed in sponge gourd and ridge gourd. In ash gourd and ivy gourd, however, there is a limited interspersion of these sequences and a large portion of the single copy DNA remains uninterspersed. The interspersed repetitive sequences are composed of a major class (75–80%) of short repeats (300 base pairs long) and a minor class (15–20%) of long repeats (2 000–4 000 base pairs) in all the four species. The average length of single copy sequences dispersed among repeats is 1 800–2 900 base pairs. In spite of these gross similarities in the genome organization in the four species, the fraction of repeats and single copy sequences involved in short and long period interspersion patterns, and fraction of single copy sequences remaining uninterrupted by repeats are vastly different. The probable implications of these differences with respect to speciation events and rates of genome evolution are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989423
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phylogenetic relationships in theSideritis leucantha group (Lamiaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 167-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lamiaceae ; Sideritis ; Meiotic behaviour ; karyotypes ; size and fertility of pollen grains ; DNA values ; seed protein electrophoresis ; phylogenetic relationships
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Six closely related taxa of the sect.Eusideritis of the genusSideritis (S. leucantha, S. pusilla, S. flavovirens, S. granatensis, S. biflora andS. osteoxylla) are analysed to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships and position within the sect.Eusideritis. Meiotic behaviour, karyotype features, size and fertility of pollen grains, DNA amounts and seed protein profiles are reviewed. A polyploid origin of the group (from x = 7) and the further diversification through dysploidy and chromosome repatterning is postulated.S. osteoxylla is apparently of hybrid origin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989425
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morpho-ecological aspects on the pollination ofCalotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) in Israel (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 185-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asclepiadaceae ; Calotropis procera ; Xylocopa ; Pollen germination ; nectar concentration ; robbery by ants ; Flora of Israel
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) grows in Israel under extremely hot climatic conditions. Flower morphology is adapted towards the concealment of nectar, in order to protect it against robbery by ants and from evaporation. Pollinia while being inserted within the stigmatic chamber, are soaked in the liquid nectar which, by its concentration controls pollen germination. Two Carpenter bees (Xylocopa) are the only pollinators and their behavior on flowers is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989426
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chromosome numbers and reproduction inRubus subgen.Malachobatus (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 211-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Rosaceae ; Malachobatus ; Rubus ; Taxonomy ; crossing experiments ; apomixis ; chromosome numbers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A review of current knowledge of chromosome numbers and modes of reproduction in the genusRubus L. is presented. Chromosome numbers from some species of subg.Malachobatus Focke together with results of crossing experiments are reported for the first time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989428
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Embryology ofScleria foliosa (Cyperaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 219-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cyperaceae ; Scleria foliosa ; Embryology: endosperm haustoria ; cotyledon ; systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The embryology ofScleria foliosa A. Rich. is described and several features have been recorded for the first time in the family. The endosperm having both micropylar and chalazal haustoria and embryo with characteristic cotyledon bearing papillate outgrowths are unique features noted in this taxon. The epicotylary and cotyledonary sectors are adjacently placed and occupy a terminal position on the embryonic axis. Taxonomic implications of the embryological findings with particular reference to the problem of circumscription ofScleria are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989429
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of some diploidArtemisia species (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 195-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae (Compositae) ; Anthemideae ; Artemisia ; Chromosome banding ; heterochromatin ; karyosystematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Detailed C-banded karyotypes of eight diploidArtemisia species from three different sections are reported together with preliminary observations on three additional related diploid species. In the majority, the overall amount of banding is relatively low. Bands are mostly confined to distal chromosome regions; intercalary banding is virtually absent and centromeric heterochromatin is also scarce. With the exception ofA. judaica there is in general great uniformity in karyotype structure but considerable interspecific variation in total karyotype length (and hence DNA content) ranging from 44 µm inA. capillaris (2n = 18) to 99 µm inA. atrata (2n = 18).A. judaica (2n = 16; total karyotype length 97 µm) was distinguished by its karyomorphology, with one large non-banded metacentric chromosome pair and 7 pairs of smaller terminally banded meta- or submetacentric chromosomes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989427
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bee-pollination inHibbertia fasciculata (Dilleniaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 231-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Dilleniaceae ; Hibbertia fasciculata ; Lasioglossum (Halictidae) ; Leioproctus (Colletidae) ; Myrtaceae ; Bees ; beetles ; floral symmetry ; stamens ; stigmas
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In direct contrast to mostHibbertia spp., the flowers ofH. fasciculata R. Br. ex D. C. bear only a single whorl of stamens and these stamens are arranged separately (not in typical “bundles”). The short filaments are appressed to the three carpels so that the inflated, porose and introrsive anthers form a centralized cluster obscuring the three ovaries. The three slender styles emerge at right angles from between the filaments. These styles curve upward and the stigmas form the three points of a triangle; each stigma is approximately one millimeter outside the centralized cluster of anthers. The flowers are nectarless and bear a bright yellow corolla. A pungent and unpleasant fragrance appears to be concentrated within the pollenkitt. When native bees attempt to forage for the pollen, within the cluster of anthers, the ventrally deposited loads of pollen, on the bees' abdomens, contact the outer triangle of stigmas. The major pollinators ofH. fasciculata are female bees in the polylectic genera,Lasioglossum (subgenusChilalictus, Halictidae) andLeioproctus (Colletidae). These bees carry an average of more than two pollen taxa when they are caught foraging onH. fasciculata. 78% of the 47 bees, captured onH. fasciculata carried the pollen from at least one sympatric taxon bearing nectariferous flowers (e.g., genera in theMyrtaceae, Compositae, andEpacridaceae). The pollination biology ofH. fasciculata is assessed in relation to the known radiation of bee-pollinated flowers in the genusHibbertia, and within theDilleniaceae s. l.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989430
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dimorphic exine sculpturing in two distylous species ofDyerophytum (Plumbaginaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 267-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Plumbaginaceae Dyerophytum africanum ; D. indicum ; Ceratostigma abyssinicum ; Linum ; Distyly ; dimorphic pollen ; exine sculpturing
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Light and SEM observations on the pollen ofDyerophytum africanum andD. indicum have revealed marked differences in exine features. These distylous species also have dimorphic pollen. In the short-styled individuals of both species, the sexine and nexine are of equal thickness, and the clava-like sexinous processes are short without marked projections. In the long-styled individuals, the sexine is thicker than the nexine, the clavae are higher than broad with an apical spinule. Pollen size and apertures are identical in both morphs. — Palynological evidence is presented for relationships betweenDyerophytum andCeratostigma, Plumbago andAegialitis. Moreover, the genusDyerophytum exhibits pollen morphological similarities with some species ofLinum (Linaceae).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989432
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variation of development time until flowering in natural populations ofCapsella bursa-pastoris (Cruciferae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 152 (1986), S. 277-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cruciferae ; Capsella bursa-pastoris ; Adaptation ; inception of flowering in natural populations ; phenotypic and genotypic variability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seed samples were collected from wild populations ofCapsella bursa-pastoris along a transsect from Northern to Southern Europe. Progeny was grown in (a) open-field random block experiments (47 populations) and (b) in growth chambers under five to seven controlled temperature regimes (18 populations). Beginning of flowering was recorded, and great differences between and also within populations are documented. Some populations are extremely heterogenous whereas others are homogenous in this respect. Some biotypes react positively when exposed to lower temperatures, others are inhibited. In many cases specific effects of day- and/or night-temperatures can be inferred. In some progenies begin of flowering is independent of temperature as long as this exceeds the 5:10°C regimen. Altogether,Capsella bursa-pastoris displays definite intraspecific variation in time required until flowering. Adaptations to local ecological conditions are obvious. In addition to a genotypic component pronounced environmental interactions provide the plants with a component of phenotypic plasticity. The degree of modificability apparently varies itself and seems to be controlled by selection; the phenotypic plasticity, therefore, displays adaptive variation patterns, too.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989433
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyotype and C-banding inTrigonella sectionFoenumgraecum (Fabaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Fabaceae ; Trigonella ; fenugreek ; Karyotype ; C-banding ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The six species of the sectionFoenum-graecum ofTrigonella have the same chromosome number, 2n = 16.T. gladiata andT. cariensis have fairly symmetrical karyotypes, while those ofT. foenum-graecum, T. berythea, T. macrorrhyncha andT. cassia are asymmetrical. C-bands are present in all six species but the number of bands and their positive vary considerably among the species. The karyotype evidence suggests that none of the available species of theFoenum-graecum section can be considered as the wild progenitor of fenugreek.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989412
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationships between seven species ofVulpia (Poaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Vulpia sectt.Loretia ; Vulpia Monachne ; Morphology ; seed protein electrophoresis ; numerical systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seven species ofVulpia were subjected to morphological and protein studies using principal component and cluster analysis and theJaccard's Similarity Coefficient. Studies showed all species were uniform and distinct from each other. Species of sect.Loretia were very dissimilar from those of sect.Monachne and sect.Vulpia. The latter section comprises taxa of high mutual affinity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989413
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The karyotype ofLimnobium spongia (Hydrocharitaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Hydrocharitaceae ; Limnobium spongia ; Somatic chromosome number ; karyotype analysis ; Limnobium versusHydromystria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The somatic chromosomes ofLimnobium spongia have been studied for the first time. Its number is 2n = 24; the karyotype is composed of 5 m pairs + 3 sm pairs + 4 st pairs. Pairs 3 and 11 bear microsatellites. Results are compared with previous chromosome reports for the family, mainly as regards the taxonomic status ofLimnobium versusHydromystria; our findings seem to support the point of view of those who favour the independence of both generic entities.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989415
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Resistance of wild wheat to stripe rust: Predictive method by ecology and allozyme genotypes (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 13-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Triticum dicoccoides ; Uredinales ; Puccinia striiformis ; Wild emmer ; pathogene resistances ; ecology ; allozyme genotypes ; statistic analyses ; Flora of Israel
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract From 114 accessions of wild emmer wheat from 11 sites in Israel, known for their allozymic variation (Nevo & al. 1982), individual genotypes were tested for resistance to one isolate of stripe rust both in the seedling stage in a growth chamber and in the adult plant stage in the field. The results indicate that resistance to stripe rust in seedlings and adults are significantly correlated (rs = 0.40, p 〈 0.001). Genetic polymorphisms of resistance to stripe rust vary geographically and are predictable by climatic, as well as allozymic markers. Three variable combinations of rainfall, evaporation, and temperature explain significantly 0.40–0.53 of the spatial variance in disease resistance to stripe rust, suggesting the operation of natural selection. Several allozyme genotypes are significantly associated with disease resistance. We conclude that natural populations of wild emmer wheat in Israel contain large amounts of disease resistance genes. These populations could be effectively screened and then utilized by the phytopathologist for identifying resistant genotypes and producing new resistant cultivars.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989414
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Interspecific crosses inHordeum (Poaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 49-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Hordeum spp. ; Interspecific hybridization ; relationships
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A crossing programme including 30 species and 40 cytotypes within the genusHordeum was undertaken. Viable hybrids were obtained in 302 combinations, 15 of which were intraspecific. Differences in seed set and in germination were observed in crosses between different groups of species. Obtaining crosses between different taxonomic groups was generally more difficult when diploid material was used. Some species, e.g.,H. lechleri, H. jubatum, andH. brachyantherum showed a higher crossability than others. The chromosome numbers of the hybrids were usually those expected from the parental numbers but aneuploid series around the expected numbers were rather frequent. Three cases of unreduced gametes were found. Selective chromosome elimination was restricted to combinations including eitherH. vulgare orH. bulbosum.—Despite a very diverse morphology, all South American diploid species together with the two North American diploidsH. intercedens andH. pusillum appear to be closely related. The hexaploid American speciesH. procerum, H. lechleri, andH. arizonicum are also related. The two North American tetraploid speciesH. jubatum andH. brachyantherum sometimes form semifertile hybrids. The Asiatic speciesH. roshevitzii appears to be related to both North and South American taxa.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989417
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Observations of the floral biology ofPrasophyllum odoratum (Orchidaceae, Spiranthoideae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 65-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Prasophyllum odoratum ; Pollination ecology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Prasophyllum odoratum is a vernal, nectariferous, terrestrial orchid that flowers profusely six to eight months following cyclical fires that disrupt sclerophyll woodlands. The morphology of the column and pollinarium is indicative of taxa placed within the subfam.Spiranthoideae. The orientation of the pollinaria to the stigma appears to prevent mechanical self-pollination. Both cross- and self-pollination appear to be effected by insects that forage within the brightly-colored, scented, non-resupinate flowers. Ants and drosophilid flies remove nectar, but do not appear to transport pollinaria between flowers. The primary pollinators are polytrophic flies in the fam.Syrphidae and opportunistic male bees in the genusLeioproctus (Colletidae). Approximately 52% of the flowers on a raceme set seed. The comparatively short floral tube ofP. odoratum reflects the dependence of this species on short-tongued insects to effect successful dispersal of pollinaria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989418
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Leaf flavonoid chemistry and the relationships of theLactoridaceae (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 133-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lactoridaceae ; Lactoris ; Flavonoids ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Leaves of the monotypic angiosperm familyLactoridaceae exhibit flavonoid constituents consisting of six 3-0-diglycosides of the flavonols kaempferol and isorhamnetin. The presence of flavonols is concordant with the placement ofLactoridaceae among the “archaic” or “primitive” flowering plants. Flavonoid chemistry is less informative on the relationships of the family within the primitive dicots. The presence of isorhamnetin suggests closer affinities with families in theLaurales, particularly theGomortegaceae andMonimiaceae. Phenetic and cladistic analyses of morphological features place theLactoridaceae near several families in theMagnoliales.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989422
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amorphophallus nicolsonianus (Araceae), a new species from India (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 165-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Araceae ; Amorphophallus nicolsonianus ; species nova ; Flora of India
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Amorphophallus nicolsonianus species nova, with cylindrical or napiform corms, is the only representative of the sect.Rapyogkos in India. All the other hitherto known species of this region have globose or depressed globose corms. The new species is related to some Indochinese species and toA. hildebrandtii ( Engl.)Engl. & Gehrm. from Madagascar.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983684
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic diversity and environmental associations of wild barley,Hordeum spontaneum (Poaceae), in Iran (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 141-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Hordeum spontaneum ; Genetic resources ; allozyme polymorphism ; correlation with environmental parameters ; Flora of Iran
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Genetic diversity and structure of populations of the wild progenitor of barleyHordeum spontaneum in Iran was studied by electrophoretically discernible allozymic variation in proteins encoded by 30 gene loci in 509 individuals representing 13 populations of wild barley. The results indicate that: a)Hordeum spontaneum in Iran is extremely rich genetically but, because of predominant self-pollination, the variation is carried primarily by different homozygotes in the population. Thus, genetic indices of polymorphismP-1% = 0.375, range = 0.267−0.500, and of genetic diversity,He = 0.134, range = 0.069−0.198, are very high. b) Genetic differentiation of populations includes clinal, regional and local patterns, sometimes displaying sharp geographic differentiation over short distances. The average relative differentiation among populations isGst = 0.28, range = 0.02−0.61. c) A substantial portion of the patterns of allozyme variation in the wild gene pool is significanctly correlated with the environment and is predictable ecologically, chiefly by combinations of temperature and humidity variables. d) The natural populations studied, on the average, are more variable than two composite crosses, and more variable than indigenous land races of cultivated barely,Hordeum vulgare, in Iran. — The spatial patterns and environmental correlates and predictors of genetic variation ofH. spontaneum in Iran indicate that genetic variation in wild barley populations is not only rich but also at least partly adaptive. Therefore, a much fuller exploitation of these genetic resources by breeding for disease resistance and economically important agronomic traits is warranted.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983683
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A taxonomic investigation of theHordeum murinum Complex (Poaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 181-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Hordeum murinum complex ; wild barley ; Classification ; numerical methods ; conditional clustering
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to produce a classification of theHordeum murinum complex. Using an experimental design to account for the environmental component of the phenotypic variation, material from sources throughout the old-world range ofH. murinum was grown in a common environment. Eight morphological characters were measured on the resulting triplets (i.e., the central and lateral florets, glumes and rachis internode). Clustering, variance and discriminants analyses of these data suggest that there are three distinct groups. This classification is then examined for consistency with hypotheses obtained from the work of other researchers and discussed in light of the known biology of the plants. An identification key to members of the complex using the triplet characters is provided.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983686
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cytogenetic studies of cultivatedCrocus sativus (Iridaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Iridaceae ; Crocus sativus L. ; Chromosome number ; karyotype analysis ; meiosis ; univalents ; bivalents ; trivalents ; laggard chromosomes ; inversions ; sterility
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Meiosis and mitosis are described in cultivatedCrocus sativus of Iran. This indicates that this species is an autotriploid and sterile. Karyotype analysis, rare inversions, laggard chromosomes and distribution of chromosomes in the first anaphase are described, and the reasons for its sterility are given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983687
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlations between 2C DNA values and habit inCassia (Leguminosae:Caesalpinioideae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 223-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Caesalpinioideae ; Cassia ; Habit ; DNA content ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ten species of the genusCassia show a range of 2C DNA amounts from 1.30 to 2.54 pg at the same ploidy level. Remarkably, a distinct 2-fold increase is depicted by an arboreal speciesC. excelsa while the rest comprising of herbs, trees and shrubs have a range from 1.30 to 1.47 pg. These form a natural grouping with respect to mean DNA amounts which differ by 0.05 pg in the herbs, trees and shrubs respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983689
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A cytological study ofPelargonium sect.Eumorpha (Geraniaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 205-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Geraniaceae ; Pelargonium ; Chromosome numbers ; karyotypes ; hybrids ; karyotype evolution ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The chromosome numbers of seven species ofPelargonium sect.Eumorpha have been determined from material of known wild origin, and karyotypic comparisons have been made. Within the section there is variation in basic chromosome number (x = 4, 8, 9, 11), variation in chromosome size, and two species have polyploid races. The three species with chromosome numbers based on x = 11 have the smallest chromosomes (1.0–1.5 µm); chromosomes are larger (1.0–3.0 µm) in the other species.P. elongatum has the lowest chromosome number in the genus (2n = 8).P. alchemilloides is exceptional in that it has four cytotypes, 2n = 16, 18, 34 and 36, and the form with 2n = 36 has large chromosomes (2.0–5.0 µm). Evidence from a synthesized hybrid suggests thatP. alchemilloides with 2n = 16 may be of polyploid origin. The three species based on x = 11 appear to be more closely related to species from other sections ofPelargonium that have the same basic chromosome number and small chromosome size, rather than to other species of sect.Eumorpha.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983688
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of interspecific hybrids betweenOrchis mascula andO. pallens (Orchidaceae) by enzyme electrophoresis (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 229-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Orchis ; Interspecific hybrids ; species identification ; enzyme electrophoresis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The European orchidsOrchis mascula, O. pallens and their hybrids have been analysed by enzyme electrophoresis on starch gels. The two species differ in the electrophoretic mobilities of four out of eight enzymes tested. Three enzymes, phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucoisomerase and “malic enzyme” exhibit typical heterozygote patterns in the hybrid plants demonstrating the presence of both differing parental alleles. Thus, species identification is easy by the electrophoretic analysis of a low number of enzyme loci, and hybrids are detectable even if morphological characters fail.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983690
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variation and evolution inLinum tenuifolium (Linaceae) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 243-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Linaceae ; Linum tenuifolium L. ; L. suffruticosum L. ; L. salsoloides Lam. ; L. appressum Caballero ; Variation ; phenetics ; systematics ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The phenetic variation inL. tenuifolium s.l. was assessed using multivariate analyses of 27 characters found to be variable within the species. These results are discussed and interpreted in the context of the reproductive biology, chromosome number and ecological responses of the taxa. Evidence suggests that both the self-compatible and tetraploid races were derived independently from a self-incompatible, diploid type. Although no taxonomic scheme is compatible with all of the evidence presented, the study supports a recent decision to recognize four taxa at subspecific level.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983691
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollen grain wall structure ofCaytonanthus arberi (Caytoniales) (1986)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Gymnosperms ; Angiosperms ; Pteridosperms ; Caytoniales ; Caytonanthus ; Ultrastructure ; pollen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The pollen grain wall structure ofCaytonanthus arberi was studied with SEM and TEM. The monosulcate, bisaccate pollen grain of this taxon has an alveolar wall structure that is more like that found in saccate Conifers than primitive Angiosperms. Pollen grain morphology does not support a Caytonialean ancestry for the Angiosperms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983692
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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