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  • Nature Publishing Group  (67,566)
  • 1995-1999  (12,082)
  • 1980-1984  (17,607)
  • 1975-1979  (18,006)
  • 1955-1959  (19,871)
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  • 1
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    Supplements to Menard & Shipek 1958 (1958)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3London, United Kingdom, Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-19
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 2
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    The blind octopus, Cirrothauma (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 275 (5680). pp. 547-549.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-20
    Description: THE rare deep-sea octopod Cirrothauma murrayi Chun 1910 was first described from a single specimen caught during the Michael Sars Expedition of 1910 (ref. 1). Until now it has been caught only four more times2. We describe here three specimens of this species that were recently caught during biological cruises of RRS Discovery (Fig. 1). All of these animals, including the Discovery ones, have been caught at depths of more than 1,500 m, except one that was dip-netted through the ice of the Arctic Ocean3.
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  • 3
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    The planktonic life of octopuses (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 377 (6545). p. 107.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-04
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  • 4
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    Volcanics from the Sierra Leone Rise (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 275 (5680). pp. 536-538.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-22
    Description: THE Sierra Leone Rise, located in the east equatorial Atlantic, forms a discontinuous chain of seamounts as shallow as 2 km extending with a general NE–SW trend from near the Sierra Leone coast of Africa, to the St Paul fracture zone near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Fig. 1). The origin of this feature has remained a topic of discussion. Sheridan et al.1 have hypothesised that the Sierra Leone Rise is a volcanic structure formed at the beginning of the opening of the Atlantic in the early Cretaceous period. The twin features of the Sierra Leone and the Ceara Rises are probably of oceanic origin and were created 80 Myr ago or later in their present-day position with respect to Africa and South America2. The Atlantic ocean exhibits several similar aseismic structures which appear symmetrically oriented with respect to the mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Walvis–Rio Grande Rise and the Iceland Faeroes–Iceland Greenland Ridges. These structures are volcanic edifices having a composition similar to that found in their associated islands3–7. Deep sea drilling of the Ceara Rise8,9 penetrated a basaltic basement of the upper Cretaceous period (Maestrichtian) (Leg 39, Site 354). Similarly, a DSDP hole (Leg 41, Site 366) on the Sierra Leone Rise, penetrated sediments of the same period, without reaching basement10. We report here the discovery of alkali-rich volcanics in an area of the Sierra Leone Rise. The sediment overlying the rock fragments is aged ∼45 Myr.
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  • 5
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    Yet more danger for coelacanths (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 374 (6520). p. 314.
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    Publication Date: 2017-07-06
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  • 6
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    Continental margin fault pattern mapped south-west of Ireland (1977)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 268 (5622). pp. 720-722.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-15
    Description: A SIMPLE model for continental basement structures at rifted continental margins comprises large fault blocks which trend approximately parallel to, and step down towards, the continental–ocean boundary (for example, see ref. 1). These blocks may be cut by faults which strike across the margin, and, in many theoretical discussions, are shown as being separated from the true oceanic crust by an intermediate zone (see transitional crust of Fig. 3, ref. 2). On many rifted margins these features are deeply buried by young sediments and cannot be stutied in detail. On Goban Spur (Fig. 1), a marginal plateau south-west of Ireland, the young sediment cover is abnormally thin, however, and we have been able to map in detail a 150 km wide continental basement fracture pattern of horsts and grabens using a simple seismic reflection system (160 inch3 air-gun and two-channel hydrophone array). We also suggest a location for the continent–ocean boundary between the Spur and Porcupine Abyssal Plain. There are few previously published data from Goban Spur relevant to our study, although valuable sampling3 and geophysical3–5 results have been obtained north and south of the area.
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  • 7
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    Relative departures in July temperatures in northern Canada for the past 6,000 yr (1981)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 289 (5794). pp. 164-167.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-11
    Description: There has been concern about recent temperature trends and the future effects of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere1,2; but instrumental records only cover a few decades to a few centuries and it is essential that proxy data sources, such as pollen spectra from peats and lake sediments, be carefully interpreted as climate records. Several workers have shown statistically significant associations between the modern pollen rain and climatic parameters, an approach that by-passes the recognition of pollen/vegetation units. Statistically defined equations that associate abiotic and biotic elements are called transfer functions. We report here on the application of transfer function equations to nine middle and late Holocene peat and lake sediment sequences from northern Canada (Fig. 1).
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  • 8
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    Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans-surface productivity and oxygen utilization (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 288 (5788). pp. 260-263.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Description: Organic detritus passing from the sea surface through the water column to the sea floor controls nutrient regeneration, fuels benthic life and affects burial of organic carbon in the sediment record. Particle trap systems have enabled the first quantification of this important process. The results suggest that the dominant mechanism of vertical transport is by rapid settling of rare large particles, most likely of faecal pellets or marine snow of the order of 〉200 μm in diameter, whereas the more frequent small particles have an insignificant role in vertical mass flux4–6. The ultimate source of organic detritus is biological production in surface waters of the oceans. I determine here an empirical relationship that predicts organic carbon flux at any depth in the oceans below the base of the euphotic zone as a function of the mean net primary production rate at the surface and depth-dependent consumption. Such a relationship aids in estimating rates of decay of organic matter in the water column, benthic and water column respiration of oxygen in the deep sea and burial of organic carbon in the sediment record.
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  • 9
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    Acoustic observations of heat content across the Mediterranean Sea (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 385 . pp. 615-617.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The ability to monitor the heat content of oceans over long distances is becoming increasingly important for understanding the role of oceans in climate change, for determining the variability of the state of the oceans, for operational ocean observing systems, and for studying large-scale ocean processes such as water-mass formation. Although the properties of the upper layers of the ocean can be routinely measured on large scales by satellite remote sensing (providing altimetric and infrared data) and with expendable probes dropped from commercial vessels, the deep interior of the ocean is more difficult to monitor. Ocean acoustic tomography1 is a promising technique for such applications, as it has the potential to provide systematic, instantaneous and repeated measurements of the ocean interior over large parts of an ocean basin. Here we demonstrate the capability of this technique for measuring the heat content across an entire (albeit small) ocean basin—the western Mediterranean Sea.
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  • 10
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    Two-way exchange between the Easter mantle plume and the Easter microplate spreading axis (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 382 (6589). pp. 344-346.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The conventional model whereby plume volcanism forms linear age-progressive volcanic chains, with the youngest activity occurring nearest a spreading axis (at a 'hotspot'), has been challenged for the Easter seamount chain1–4. Whereas early work suggested the existence of a linear melting anomaly (a 'hotline')1,2, more recent studies3,4 have proposed a hotspot near Salas y Gomez island, connected with the Easter microplate spreading system by an ~800-km-long, volcanically active plume channel. Here we use geochemical, geological and geochronological data to argue that the hotspot lies close to Easter Island. Moreover, new isotopic data for lavas from the seamount chain provide evidence for bidirectional flow between the spreading axis and the plume, thus supporting geophysical and fluid-dynamical models of mantle flow in a plume/spreading axis system5–7. Material balance and flux considerations show the Easter plume to be weak and cool compared with those beneath larger features such as Iceland, Hawaii and the Galápagos islands.
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  • 11
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    Oceanography: All change in the Arctic (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 (6718). pp. 389-391.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-16
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  • 12
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    Chlorin accumulation rate as a proxy for Quaternary marine primary productivity (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 383 (6595). pp. 63-65.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: A knowledge of past changes in the biological productivity of the oceans is important for understanding the interactions between carbon cycling and climate. Phytoplankton productivity in today's oceans can be estimated from the concentrations of chlorophyll in sea water1, but chlorophyll is not preserved in the sediments. Existing proxies for past algal productivity do not represent total productivity; for example, biogenic opal2 reflects the contribution of only part of the phytoplankton community, and the organic carbon record can be subject to contamination from terrestrial inputs2,3. Although chlorins, the pigment-transformation products of chlorophyll, are widespread in Quaternary marine sediments, their potential as proxy measures of past variations in primary productivity has not been convincingly demonstrated. Here we report a high-resolution molecular stratigraphic record of chlorin concentrations over the past 350,000 years in a sediment core from the subtropical Atlantic continental margin. Maxima in the chlorin accumulation rate coincide with significant peaks in the accumulation rates of biogenic opal (at the end of glacial terminations) and organic carbon (between terminations). These results suggest that chlorins, unlike other proxies, can serve as a measure of total primary productivity variations.
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  • 13
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    Basin-scale ocean circulation from combined altimetric, tomographic and model data (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 385 . pp. 618-621.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The ocean stores and transports vast quantities of heat, fresh water, carbon and other materials, and its circulation plays an important role in determining both the Earth's climate and fundamental processes in the biosphere. Understanding the development of climate and important biological cycles therefore requires detailed knowledge of ocean circulation and its transport properties. This cannot be achieved solely through modelling, but must involve accurate observations of the spatio-temporal evolution of the global oceanic flow field. Estimates of oceanic flow are currently made on the basis of space-borne measurements of the sea surface, and monitoring of the ocean interior. Satellite altimetry and acoustic tomography are complementary for this purpose1, as the former provides detailed horizontal coverage of the surface, and the latter the requisite vertical sampling of the interior. High-quality acoustic-tomographic2 and altimetric3 data are now available to test the combined power of these technologies for estimating oceanic flows. Here we demonstrate that, with the aid of state-of-the-art numerical models, it is possible to recover from these data a detailed spatio-temporal record of flow over basin-scale volumes of fluid. Our present results are restricted to the Mediterranean Sea, but the method described here provides a powerful tool for studying oceanic circulation worldwide.
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  • 14
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    Salty brines on the Mediterranean sea floor (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 387 . pp. 31-32.
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
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  • 15
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    Meandering of the subtropical front south-east of the Azores (1982)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 300 (5889). pp. 245-246.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-08
    Description: A subtropical front was observed in the area south and southeast of the Azores during cruises of FS Meteor and FS Poseidon in early 1982. The front has a basically west–east extension, with considerable meandering observed. Meso-scale eddies are found on both sides. The overall flow pattern corresponds to earlier results on geopotential differences in the upper northeast Atlantic, but the baroclinic transport of the order of 107 m3 s−1 is found to be concentrated in a 60-km wide jet. We suggest here that the current band is part of the gyre circulation, resulting from a branching of the North Atlantic Current.
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  • 16
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    Increased El Niño frequency in a climate model forced by future greenhouse warming (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 398 (6729). pp. 694-697.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-25
    Description: The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the strongest natural interannual climate fluctuation1. ENSO originates in the tropical Pacific Ocean and has large effects on the ecology of the region, but it also influences the entire global climate system and affects the societies and economies of manycountries2. ENSO can be understood as an irregular low-frequency oscillation between a warm (El Niño) and a cold (La Niña) state. The strong El Niños of 1982/1983 and 1997/1998, along with the more frequent occurrences of El Niños during the past few decades, raise the question of whether human-induced 'greenhouse' warming affects, or will affect, ENSO3. Several global climate models have been applied to transient greenhouse-gas-induced warming simulations to address this question4, 6, but the results have been debated owing to the inability of the models to fully simulate ENSO (because of their coarse equatorial resolution)7. Here we present results from a global climate model with sufficient resolution in the tropics to adequately represent the narrow equatorial upwelling and low-frequency waves. When the model is forced by a realistic future scenario of increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations, more frequent El-Niño-like conditions and stronger cold events in the tropical Pacific Ocean result
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  • 17
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    Eddy-induced enhancement of primary production in a model of the north Atlantic Ocean (1998)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 394 . pp. 266-269.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-27
    Description: In steady state, the export of photosynthetically fixed organic matter to the deep ocean has to be balanced by an upward flux of nutrients into the euphotic zone1. Indirect geochemical estimates2 of the nutrient supply to surface waters have been substantially higher than direct biological and physical measurements3, particularly in subtropical regions. A possible explanation for the apparent discrepancy is that the sampling strategy of the direct measurements has under-represented episodic nutrient injections forced by mesoscale eddy dynamics, whereas geochemical tracer budgets integrate fluxes over longer time and space scales. Here we investigate the eddy-induced nutrient supply by combining two methods potentially capable of delivering synoptic descriptions of the ocean's state on a basin scale. Remotely sensed sea-surface height data from the simultaneous TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1 satellite missions are assimilated into a numerical eddy-resolving coupled ecosystem–circulation model of the North Atlantic Ocean. Our results indicate that mesoscale eddy activity accounts for about one-third of the total flux of nitrate into the euphotic zone (taken to represent new production) in the subtropics and at mid-latitudes. This contribution is not sufficient to maintain the observed primary production in parts of the subtropical gyre, where alternative routes of nitrogen supply will have to be considered.
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  • 18
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    Fluxes of biogenic components from sediment trap deployment in circumpolar waters of the Drake Passage (1982)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 299 (5879). pp. 145-147.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: Circumpolar surface waters dominate the circulation of the Southern Ocean and sustain one of the ocean's largest standing stocks of biomass thereby producing a significant output of biogenic components, mainly diatoms, to the bottom sediments. Generally transit of biogenic matter from the sea surface to the sea floor affects nutrient regeneration fuels benthic life and transfers signals to the sediment record1–5. Reliable quantification of the relationship between biological production, fractionation of skeletal and tissue components and bottom sediment accumulation depends on direct vertical flux measurements from sediment trap deployments6–9, which have proved to be most scientifically productive10–13. We now present data on vertical mass fluxes from the Southern Ocean and evidence for strong biogeochemical fractionation between organic carbon-, nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds, siliceous and calcareous skeletal remains, and refractory aluminosilicates.
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  • 19
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    Glacial and interglacial wind regimes over the eastern subtropical Atlantic and North-West Africa (1981)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 293 (5829). pp. 193-196.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-02
    Description: Analysis of aeolo-marine dust deposits in the subtropical eastern Atlantic enables the strength of the major wind patterns during the late Quaternary to be evaluated and gives an insight into the climate of North Africa.
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  • 20
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    Sand deserts during glacial maximum and climatic optimum (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 272 (5648). pp. 43-46.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-02
    Description: The past 20,000 yr have witnessed tremendous climatic changes, a glacial maximum at about 18,000 yr BP and a climatic optimum centred on about 6,000 yr BP, both of which mark extreme situations for the Quaternary. This paper attempts to show that active sand dunes were extensive 18,000 yr ago. Conversely, it seems that sand dunes were generally dormant 6,000 yr ago. Thus the former textbook concept1,2 of an arid climatic optimum and a pluvially active glacial maximum is reversed.
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  • 21
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    Cooling the tropics (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 376 (6537). pp. 212-213.
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-16
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  • 22
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    Ecology: Competition and coexistence (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 402 . pp. 366-367.
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
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  • 23
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    Flavodoxin as an in situ marker for iron stress in phytoplankton (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 382 . pp. 802-805.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: A fundamental issue in marine science is the identification of the factors controlling biological uptake of CO2, in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll regions. A recent in situ iron fertilization experiment demonstrated that iron limitation is responsible for low phytoplankton stocks in the equatorial Pacific4. Here we show that flavodoxin, a biochemical marker of iron limitation, can be used to map the degree of iron stress in natural populations. Flavodoxin assays along a 900-km east-west transect in the northeastern subarctic Pacific revealed a pronounced increase in iron stress in the region west of the 135° W meridian. Addition of dissolved iron alleviated this stress. Immunostaining of single cells from the most western station showed that flavodoxin is present specifically within the chloroplasts of diatoms. Our approach provides a rapid means of defining the extent of iron stress in the ocean5 and supports the hypothesis that diatoms are iron stressed in the northeast Pacific.
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  • 24
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    Growth limits on phytoplankton (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 373 . p. 28.
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
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  • 25
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    Seismic and geochemical evidence for large-scale mantle upwelling beneath the eastern Atlantic and western and central Europe (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 374 . pp. 34-39.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: Seismic tomography and the isotope geochemistry of Cenozoic volcanic rocks suggest the existence of a large, sheet-like region of upwelling in the upper mantle which extends from the eastern Atlantic Ocean to central Europe and the western Mediterranean. A belt of extension and rifting in the latter two areas appears to lie above the intersection of the centre of the upwelling region with the base of the lithosphere. Lead, strontium and neodymium isotope data for all three regions converge on a restricted composition, inferred to be that of the upwelling mantle.
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  • 26
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    First fossil records of cephalopod statoliths (1975)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 257 (5525). pp. 380-381.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: THE class Cephalopoda is represented by over 10,000 fossil species and about 1,000 living species. Almost the entire fossil record so far described consists of external or internal calcareous shells of the Ammonoidea, the Nautiloidea and some members of the Coleoidea. The subclass Coleoidea includes all but three (Nautilus spp.) of the living species of cephalopods, and is represented in the fossil record largely by the order Belemnitida which is important from the early Jurassic to the Eocene. Another coleoid order, the Sepioidea, including the living Sepia and Spirula have internal calcareous shells, and have left traces from the Upper Jurassic (Voltzia) to the present. The three remaining coleoid orders, the Teuthoidea, the Vampyromorpha and the Octopodida include all the remaining living cephalopods, comprising 29 teuthoid or squid families, one vampyromorph family and 12 octopod families.
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  • 27
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    The first fossil cephalopod statoliths to be described from Europe (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 287 (5783). pp. 628-630.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: Statoliths of cephalopods are small, hard calcareous stones which lie within the cartilaginous skulls of octopods, sepioids and teuthoids1. Fossil statoliths, clearly belonging to genera which are alive today, have previously been described from 11 Cenozoic deposits spanning from the Eocene to the Pleistocene in North America2–5. Such statoliths are of particular interest because they provide a means of studying the evolution of living cephalopod groups which have no calcareous shells, including the cosmopolitan and numerous teuthoids and octopods. Here, the first cephalopod statoliths to be recognized in European deposits are described and identified as Loligo sp. They are compared with the North American fossil Loligo species and statoliths removed from the two living Loligo species of Europe.
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  • 28
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    Mantle plume noble gas component in glassy basalts from Reykjanes Ridge (1983)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 305 (5933). pp. 403-407.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-23
    Description: Basalts from the Reykjanes Ridge contain noble gases delivered from the non-degassed lower mantle by the Iceland plume. These lower mantle gases are thought to be a mixture of planetary and solar components, as would be expected if the Earth accreted from fine silicate particles.
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  • 29
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    Sex in giant squid (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 389 (6652). pp. 683-684.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-15
    Description: Recent captures of two female giant squid ( Architeuthis ) off southern Australia have provided the first record of a mated female specimen of these almost mythical deepsea creatures. We found sperm packages (spermatophores) embedded within the skin of both ventral arms of the larger of the two specimens. It seems that male giant squids may use their muscular elongate penis to ‘inject’ sperm packages under pressure directly into the arms of females.
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  • 30
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    Deep-breathing cephalopods? (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 384 (6608). p. 421.
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    Publication Date: 2021-08-20
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  • 31
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    Penguins disturbed by tourists (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 376 (6538). pp. 301-302.
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    Publication Date: 2018-08-15
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  • 32
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    Contribution of Southern Ocean surface-water stratification to low atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the last glacial period (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 389 . pp. 929-935.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-09
    Description: The nitrogen-isotope record preserved in Southern Ocean sediments, along with several geochemical tracers for the settling fluxes of biogenic matter, reveals patterns of past nutrient supply to phytoplankton and surface-water stratification in this oceanic region. Areal averaging of these spatial patterns indicates that reduction of the CO2 'leak' from ocean to atmosphere by increased surface-water stratification south of the Polar Front made a greater contribution to the lowering of atmospheric CO2 concentration during the Last Glacial Maximum than did the increased export of organic carbon from surface to deep waters occurring further north.
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    The internal structure of an active sea-floor massive sulphide deposit (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 377 (6551). pp. 713-716.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: THE hydrothermal circulation of sea water through permeable ocean crust results in rock–water interactions that lead to the formation of massive sulphide deposits. These are the modern analogues of many ancient ophiolite-hosted deposits1–4, such as those exposed in Cyprus. Here we report results obtained from drilling a series of holes into an actively forming sulphide deposit on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. A complex assemblage of sulphide–anhydrite–silica breccias provides striking evidence that such hydrothermal mounds do not grow simply by the accumulation of sulphides on the sea floor. Indeed, the deposit grows largely as an in situ breccia pile, as successive episodes of hydrothermal activity each form new hydrothermal precipitates and cement earlier deposits. During inactive periods, the collapse of sulphide chimneys, dissolution of anhydrite, and disruption by faulting cause brecciation of the deposit. The abundance of anhydrite beneath the present region of focused hydrothermal venting reflects the high temperatures ( 〉 150 °C) currently maintained within the mound, and implies substantial entrainment of cold sea water into the interior of the deposit. These observations demonstrate the important role of anhydrite in the growth of massive sulphide deposits, despite its absence in those preserved on land.
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    Possible predictability in overflow from the Denmark Strait (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 . pp. 243-246.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
    Description: The overflow and descent of cold dense water from the Denmark Strait sill-a submarine passage between Greenland and Iceland-is a principal means by which the deep ocean is ventilated, and is an important element in the global thermohaline circulation. Previous investigations of its variability-in particular, direct current measurements(1,2) in the overflow core since 1986-have shown surprisingly little evidence of long-term changes in now speed. Here we report significant changes in the overflow characteristics during the winter of 1996-97, measured using two current-meter moorings and an inverted echo sounder located at different depths in the fastest part of the now. The overflow warmed to the highest monthly value yet recorded (2.4 degrees C), and showed a pronounced slowing and thinning at its lower margin. We believe that the extreme warmth of the overflow caused it to run higher on the continental slope off east Greenland, so that the lower current meters and the echo sounder were temporarily outside and deeper than the fast-flowing core; model simulations appear to confirm this interpretation, We suggest that the extreme warmth of the overflow is a lagged response to a warming upstream in the Fram Strait three years earlier (caused by an exceptional amplification of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation). If this is so, over-now characteristics may be predictable.
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    Giant squids may die when exposed to warm water currents (1983)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 303 (5916). pp. 422-423.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-16
    Description: Strandings of the giant squid, Architeuthis monachus (Steen-strup), have always stirred attention because of the rarity and enormous size of these cephalopods. These animals have never been observed in their natural habitat and little is known about their physiology and ecology. Stranding of giant squids in Newfoundland waters has been correlated with the inflow of warm water, suggesting that increased temperature may be causing their death1. Squids have also been carried to the Norwegian coast with the warm North Atlantic current2 and on 23 August 1982 a live specimen was caught off Radöy near Bergen, Norway (Fig. 1). This catch gave an unprecedented opportunity to study the effects of temperature on the oxygen binding properties of blood from the giant squid. The present finding of an excess of a fourfold decrease in O2 affinity when temperature is increased from 6.4 to 15°C strongly suggests that giant squids may suffocate from arterial desaturation when increased ambient temperatures are experierced.
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    Replication of Tobacco Mosaic Virus: A Re-examination of Theories (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1998-2001 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE preceding article has presented evidence, derived from isotope studies of the biosynthesis of tobacco mosaic virus, which places certain restrictions on proposals regarding the mode of replication of this virus. In the present article the implications of these new requirements for the theory of ...
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    Structure of Precipated Cadmium Sulphide as studied by Single-Crystal Electron Diffraction Pattern (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2005-2006 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] (1) With cadmium nitrate solutions (pH adjusted with nitric acid) ^-cadmium sulphide is formed. Its cubic lattice is parallel to that of the substrate, and involves, in addition, twins with respect to 〈 111 〉 p-CdS (polar axes ; parallel to 〈 111 〉 PbS in this case) (Fig. 1). (2) With ...
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    The Temperature required for Nuclear Reactions in Cosmical Electrical Discharges (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2004-2005 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1. GAS TEMPERATURES AND VELOCITIES IN COSMNSAL ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES Temperature (K.) Velocity (km./sec.) Source Theory Observation Theory Observation Long-period 5,000 8-5 9 (ref. 3), variable stars ? to to 11 (ref. 2a) 10,00 12 Combination spectra star (AX Persei) Extra-galactic nebulae ...
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    Comparison of Efficiency and Separating Power of Packed and Capillary Gas Chromatographic Columns (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2009-2009 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In practice, VR is often not much greater than Vd and may well be less for some things. In these circumstances it is possible to show1 that the theoretical plate requirement for separation is related to S by : (2)) N increases very rapidly as the ratio increases. For example, consider the ...
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    Use of Tritium to Study the Solubility of Water in Hydrocarbons (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2011-2011 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1. Solubility of Water in Benzene and Toluene at 20C. A stream of dry air was saturated, with tritiatel water at temperature Tl and was allowed to come to equilibrium with the hydrocarbon liquid at temperature T2 (T2〉T'1). Samples were taken of the hydrocarbon after equilibration and ...
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    A Higher Hydrogen Peroxide, H 2 O 4 ? (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2013-2014 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Other work, however2-5, has suggested that hydrogen superoxide exists at room temperature. This communication is concerned with an investigation of a reported method of preparation. Astakhov and Getzov postulated the existence at ambient temperature of HO2 to explain the slow evolution of oxygen ...
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    Determination of Tissue Mucoproteins (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2016-2016 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Studies were made in male Wistar rats weighing 185-225 gm. The animals were killed by decapitation and the blood was left to flow off. Immediately, the liver and the kidney were perfused with isotonic saline, excised and weighed after dissection of capsular and vascular connexions. The tissues were ...
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    In vitro Cultivation of Blood Cells of Drosophila melanogaster in a Synthetic Medium (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2017-2018 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Furthermore, the pronounced advances in the study of the genetics and biochemistry of microorganisms in recent years has stimulated the study of single somatic mammalian cells in vitro. The work of Puck6 is an example of this type of study. In the present work, a new culture medium for culturing ...
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    Oleuropeic Acid: a New Compound from Olea europæa (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2019-2020 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It crystallizes from water as colourless plates or needles (dimorphism) of m.p. 160. It is slightly soluble in water, readily soluble in ether, alcohol and acetone. It is strongly Isevorotatory ([a]j〉= 100 in methanol). Oleuropeic acid has the composition C10H16O3. Titration with alkali proves the ...
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    A Relationship between Weight of Internal Fat, ‘Fill’, and the Herbage Intake of Grazing Cattle (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2021-2022 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Representative samples of the cattle on each winter treatment were withdrawn for slaughter at date of turning to spring pasture in April; after three weeks of spring grazing, in May; and after six, in June. Weights of contents of stomachs and intestines, and of the carcasses of the sample steers, ...
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    Efficiency of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylations in Intact Ascites Tumour Cells (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2024-2025 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Recently Quastel and Bickis3 and Ibsen et al.4 determined the ratio of the lactate production by ascites tumour cells to the difference between the oxygen consumption of the cells in the absence and presence of glucose (AO). They found that the accumulation of lactate accounted for the decreased ...
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    Effects of Reserpine on Secretion from the Denervated Adrenal Medulla (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2023-2024 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The technique used has largely been the same as in the last report. To cats of both sexes, weighing 2*54*0 kgm. and anaesthetized with 'Nembutal' (Abbott) intraperitoneally, 3 mgm./kgm. reserpine ('Serpasil', Ciba) was administered intravenously. Venous blood from the left adrenal was ...
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    Prolactin in the Cowbird's Pituitary in Relation to Avian Brood Parasitism (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2030-2030 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It has therefore occurred to me, and independently to others, that failure to produce prolactin might be a basic factor in the development of brood parasitism. Hence a comparison of the prolactin content of the pituitaries of female cowbirds in breeding condition, with that of pituitaries of ...
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    Captive Marine Birds Possessing a Functional Lateral Nasal Gland (Salt Gland) (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2030-2031 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Previous investigations have established that under a salt load the lateral nasal gland excretes a hyper-tonic solution of sodium chloride more concentrated than either urine or sea-water in the Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti)2, herring gull (Larus argen-tatus)3, doubled-crested cormorant ...
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    Gibberellic Acid and the Chilling Requirements of Peach Seeds (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2034-2035 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Since gibberellins have such a marked promotive effect on the growth in length of stems, there seemed a strong possibility that this group of chemicals would overcome the dwarf growth of unstratified seedlings. In a recent review, Stowe and Yamaki3 do, in fact, state that the chilling requirements ...
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    Early Induction of Flowering in Birch Seedlings (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2037-2038 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An experimental attempt to shorten the juvenile period in birch (Betula verrucosa, Ehrh.) was started in 1957. This was designed to determine whether the tree develops the capacity for reproduction as a result of attaining a certain height or size, or as a result of undergoing a certain number of ...
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    Hormonal Control of Selective Feeding in Female Calliphora erythrocephala Meig (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2040-2041 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Isolated females were allowed to feed on solutions of carbohydrate (100 gm. sugar in 100 c.c. water) and protein (5 gm. 'Marmite' in 100 gm. milk which for the sake of simplicity will be referred to as 'protein') contained in identical capillary tubes. The capillary tubes were held just off the ...
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    Haptoglobin and Transferrin Variants in Bushmen and Some Other South African Peoples (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2042-2042 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1 Haptoglobin phenotypes Gene freq. Transferrin phenotypes No. 1-1 2-1 2-lAf 2-2 Neg. Hpl Hp* CD^ Dj. Bushmen (a) Tribal 71 7 29 0 34 1 10 1 (b) Farms 42 5 11 0 25 1 30 Total 113 12 40 0 59 2 0-29 0-71 13 1 Hottentots (a) Random 34 10 16 0 80 (6) Related 25 890 80 2 0 2 0 Total ...
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    Soils of Tanganyika (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1901-1901 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] EVERYONE knows the dismal sequel to the f_j ambitious scheme for the mechanized production of ground-nuts in East Africa, which was characterized by the failure to employ pedological methods on pedological problems. After the horse had departed, some effort was made to shut the stable door and a ...
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    [Book Reviews] (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1902-1902 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN this book the author has attempted to present the evidence obtained by the use of isotopic tracers in the study of organic reaction mechanism. A very wide field has been covered, and in some sections, for example, that on migration aptitudes, a valuable critical discussion has been included. It ...
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    Dynamic and Static Deformation of Armco Iron (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1917-1920 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A RECENT article on the above subject1 showed that the mechanical properties of Armco iron were slightly lower after a previous amount of dynamic prestrain than after the same amount of static deformation. This finding confirmed the results of Campbell and Duby2 but was contrary to those of Harris ...
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    A Correlation between the Shift in the Ultra-Violet Absorption Maxima and the Electronegativity of the Adjacent Atoms in some Aliphatic Carbonyl Compounds (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1932-1933 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Compound Acetaldehyde Acetic acid Acetone (in water) Acetone (in hexane) Acetyl chloride Acetyl bromide Butyric acid Dimethyl carbonate Ethyl acetate Formaldehyde S (in ether) * Estimated range f Estimated from continuous spectrum Table 1 2 3 4 Wave-length Reference Shift ...
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    A Function for the Extracellular Polysaccharide of Azotobacter vinelandii (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1934-1935 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An organism was isolated from aerobic enrichments of soil in a nitrogen-free mineral salts medium containing ethanol as sole carbon scource. The pure culture obtained after repeated streaking was characterized as an Azotobacter vinelandii type5. Typical growth stages observed on the above medium ...
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    Quantitative Estimation of the Fatty Acids of Olive Oil (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1941-1941 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The spectrophotometric estimation of unsaturated fatty acids is carried out by the method recommended by the American Oil Chemists' Society1; saturated acids, separated according to Bertram2, are chromato-graphically determined by a procedure recently developed in this laboratory3. This procedure ...
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    Biosynthesis of some Amino-Acids from Sucrose by Germinating Uredospores of Wheat Stem Rust, Race 15 B (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1943-1943 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Leaves and stems of the wheat plant at different stages of growth contain sucrose5. In addition, Shu et al.6 demonstrated that uredospores of wheat stem rust, race 155, during at least the initial stages of germination oxidized this sugar. Consequently uniformly labelled sucrose-14C was chosen as ...
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    Pathophysiological Effects of Circulating Ferritin (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1944-1945 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In previous studies1'2, a large quantity of ferritin was proved, by the precipitin test and the complement fixation test1 to be circulating in the blood of horses suffering from infectious anaemia. On the other hand, several workers have obtained results which suggest that a small quantity of ...
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    Effect of Ethylenediamine Tetra-acetate on Vitamin B 12 Absorption in the Rat (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1948-1948 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The in vivo work on this problem has not been so direct, nor is there agreement concerning the requirement for calcium for vitamin Bj.2 absorption from the gut of the living animal. Abels et al3, in studies with gastrectomized rats, administered vitamin Bi2 58Co with neutralized rat gastric juice, ...
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    Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Adult Drosophila (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1961-1961 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two types of experiment were performed. In the first, flies aged less than 3 hr. after eclosion were injected with about 0*05 pd. labelled thymidine (Schwartz Laboratories, New York) of about 0-9 me. per ml. (and about 180 mc./mM). Flies were killed at daily intervals, up to 9 days after treatment. ...
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    An Unusual Diatom from the Antarctic (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1962-1963 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The sample of phytoplankton contained a large number of cells of the Coscinodiscus and the Asteromphalus which were represented in the two valves of the aberrant cells. Fig. 1 shows the girdle view of the two cells, the concave nature of the Coscinodiscus valves, and the different shape of the ...
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    Prolonged Survival of Dystrophic Mice treated with 17α-EthyI-19-Nortestosterone (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1966-1967 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Dystrophic mice obtained from the Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, were divided into nine experimental groups. Aniamls given 0-5 y/gm. body weight 17a-ethyl-19-nortestosterone ((7-5914) in corn oil by stomach tube three times a week starting at five weeks of age (group II) had a median ...
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    New Neotropical Element ( Anoplotermes ) in Indian Termite Fauna (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1967-1968 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Out of 43 species of Anoplotermes hitherto known5"8, 32 are neotropical, 11 Ethiopean and one nearctic (this species is also neotropical). Recently, we found a new species (to be described elsewhere) from Assam. This is the first record of the genus from the oriental region, and the discovery is of ...
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    A History of Iron and Steel in China (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1830-1830 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS book, an expansion of a lecture founded in memory of Dr. H. W. Dickinson, who was educated at the Manchester Grammar School and at Owens College, is beyond doubt a first-rate contribution to scholarship. In the field of Chinese science and technology the author speaks with a unique authority ...
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    Announcements (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1845-1845 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] COMMENCING January 9, a course of twelve lectures and appropriate practical work on micro- and semi-microchemical methods will be held on Saturday mornings at the Norwood Technical College, London, S.E.27. This course has been arranged for teachers, industrial and research chemists, and is designed ...
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    Agricultural Institute of the Republic of Ireland: Division of Plant Sciences and Crop Husbandry (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1847-1847 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE establishment, under the Agricultural (An Foras Tal ntais) Act, 1958, of the Agricultural Institute of the Republic of Ireland, An Foras Tal ntais, was announced in Nature, July 4, 1959. The Institute now announces major developments in the organization of the Division of Plant Sciences and ...
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    Serological Distinction of Adult and Fœtal Human Hæmoglobin (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1854-1855 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE interpretation of serological studies of haemo-X globin is difficult because a preparation of haemoglobin may contain two or more distinct haemoglobins as well as other soluble antigenic constituents of the red cell. Markowitz, Cartwright and Wintrobe1 have investigated quantitatively antisera ...
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    Appointments Vacant (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1856-1856 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] APPLICATIONS are invited for the following appointments on or before the dates mentioned: LECTURER or ASSISTANT LECTURER IN GEOGRAPHY at Makerere College (The University College of East Africa) The Secretary, Inter-University Council for Higher Education Overseas, 29 Woburn Square, London, W.C.I ...
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    Vibrational Relaxation and Dissociation of Carbon Dioxide behind Shock Waves (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1858-1859 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] For shocks of Mach number between 8 and 10 through carbon dioxide, we find evidence of both vibrational relaxation and delayed dissociation. The sodium excitation temperature close to the shock front is quite low, but rises rapidly to a value far in excess of the equilibrium temperature, but close ...
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    Palæomagnetism of Some Dolerite Intrusions from the Theron Mountains and Whichaway Nunataks, Antarctica (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1860-1860 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The directions of remanent magnetization have been measured by Blundell and are shown in Fig. 1. These are arranged in two groups, normal and reversed, which are 180 apart. The two groups have been combined by reversing the polarity of those with downward dips to provide a mean direction of ...
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    Crystal Structure of L -Serine Phosphate (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1863-1864 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] L-Serine phosphate, which, as the result of the following analysis, may be written -HO3POCH2 CH(NH3+)COOH, crystallizes in the orthorhombie system with lattice parameters a=7-790-01, 6= 10-24 0-04, c = 9-090-02 A. There are four molecules in the unit cell, Dx= 1*692, DTO= 1-707, and the space group ...
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    Estimation of Chain Fracture and Cross-Linking of Rubber by High-energy Radiation (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1865-1866 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Expression 1 may be applied without making assumptions regarding the dependence of p and q upon the radiation dose. Lightly masticated pale crepe rubber, which had been freshly extracted with acetone, was evacuated and sealed in glass tubes. After irradiation, with gamma radiation from a cobalt-60 ...
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    Application of the Mass Spectrometer to Polysaccharide Chemistry (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1866-1866 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1. MASS-SPECTRUM or METHYLATED LAMINARIN O . l 2 3 R-1 (M.rads-1) 27 w 45 vw 83 vw 112 m 156 m 364 m 566 28VS55 m84 w 124 w367 w 29 m 56 w 85 vw 129 m 188 m 395 m 595 31 m 57 m 86 w 131 w397 m 32 s 60 w 95 vw 143 w 230 m 434 s 635 39 w 67 w 97 vw 144 vw 268 w 490 w 644 40 vw 68 vw 99 vw 145 ...
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    Histidine-Copper (II) Complexes (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1868-1869 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Recently, stability constants have been reported2 for CuL+ and CuHL + and for a complex suggested to be Cu(OH)L. Evidence for this complex was the second linear portion observed in the titration curve of 1 : 1 copper-histidine mixtures (Fig. 1), which was consistent with the formation of such a ...
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    Extraction and Purification of ‘Queen Substance’ from Queen Bees (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1871-1871 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A method of quantitative assay based on the inhibition of the construction of emergency queen cells was devised by Butler and Gibbons3, and used by Butler and Simpson4, to demonstrate that 'queen substance' is contained in the mandibular glands of the queen honeybee. Using this test, the extraction ...
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    Role of Stroma in Hæmoglobin Synthesis: Experiments on Duck Red Cells in vitro (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1878-1879 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Heparinized duck blood, with added sodium-benzyl penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin sulphate, was incubated for 90 minutes at 38-5 C. in an atmosphere of 95 per cent oxygen and 5 per cent carbon dioxide. 10 [xc. of glycine-2-14C (specific activity 1 mc./m.mole) and of 300 mgm. of glucose per 100 ...
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    Biological Half-Life of Radioiron in Man (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1882-1882 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An increase in the value of the biological half-life would not affect the calculation of the maximum permissible body burden, but would lead to a decrease in the maximum permissible levels in water and air, these being inversely proportional to the effective half-life in the conditions of final ...
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    Biological Properties of Coal and Coal Extracts (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1885-1886 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Kosanke3 confirmed the extraction of bacteriostatic substances from lignite, sub-bituminous and high-volatile bituminous coals by methanol, and also showed that acetone and ethanol were effective solvents. These extracts were assayed for anti-fungal activity by Schenck and Carter4, and found to ...
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    Vivipary in Eleusine Indica (L) Gaertn (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1888-1888 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The subtending glumes of the proliferated spikelets were normal but all or some of the lemmas were modified. The modified lemmas varied from near normal to typically leaf-shaped with well-developed sheathing bases and ligules. Usually only the upper lemmas were modified whilst those at the base of ...
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    An Electron-Microscopic Study of Spores of Morphological Variants of Streptomyces erythreus strains (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1888-1889 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It was shown indirectly in a previous communication4 that heterocaryosis was one of the causes of degeneration of the high-production strain Streptomyces erythreus VUAM. Electron-microscope studies are herewith described as applied to the spores of morphological variants of the strain Streptomyces ...
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    An Absolute Requirement for ‘Iron Transport Factors’ by Microbacterium lacticum 8181 (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1894-1894 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] M. lacticum 8180, M. lacticum 8181 and M.flavum 10340 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and grown on slants containing Difco nutrient agar plus 1 per cent Difco yeast extract. After 48-hr, incubation at 37 C., the cells were harvested and washed twice with 0-02 M dipotassium ...
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    Future of Broadcasting and Television (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1747-1749 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THERE are few more important questions for mankind to-day than that of the creative use of the mass media, and recent evidence of the abuse or wasteful use of television or of broadcasting only accentuates the urgency of determined efforts to discover effective ways of using the immense powers of ...
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    Music and Electronic Computors (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1754-1754 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SO much is heard nowadays of the capabilities of the computer robot in imitating every human activity that it is not surprising to read of experiments in which the computer is made to compose music. Perhaps to say that the machine 'composes' is putting the experiments described in this book at too ...
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    Classical Chemical Analysis (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1756-1757 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS book forms the first part (a) of Vol. 1 of Elsevier's "Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry" which is to consist of five distinct volumes, some containing several parts. Vol. la (to be followed by 16 and Ic) deals with classical methods of analysis and contains six distinct chapters. Each ...
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    Geochemical Research in the United States (1959)
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    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1757-1758 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS book, edited by the Director of the Geophysical Laboratory, Washington, is the outcome of a seminar series in geochemistry organized by the Geophysical Laboratory and held there, and at the Johns Hopkins University, during the academic year 1957-58. It gives a valuable conspectus of current ...
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    Coconuts (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1760-1761 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SOUND monographs on the major crops are always welcome, not only to those with a specialized or professional interest but also to the general reader. A new work on the coconut palm by Dr. K. P. V. Menon, director of the Central Coconut Research Station, Kayangulam, and Dr. K. M. Pandalai, joint ...
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    Friction in Textiles (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1765-1765 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN a traditional industry, such as the textile industry, practice has been and, in many aspects still is, ahead of theory. This situation has arisen because able men have had an abundance of time to solve technical problems empirically, During the past few decades, however, a host of new problems ...
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    A New Service for Naturalists (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1774-1774 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Intelligence Unit of the Council for Nature, which was set up in May 1959, with the aid of a grant of £5,000 a year for three years from the British Broadcasting Corporation, is now ready to deal with requests for information about field natural history in the United Kingdom. The Unit has ...
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    Education as a Career (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1777-1777 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Ministry of Education has published a pamphlet intended to give university students a picture of the opportunities which exist for men and women to follow a career in education ("A Career in Education for University Graduates". Revised edition. Pp. 15. London : Ministry of Education, 1959). It ...
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    Fodder Beet, Mangels and Swedes (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1777-1777 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] REVISED leaflets describing varieties of fodder beet and mangel and of swedes have recently been issued by the National Institute of Agricultural Botany at Cambridge. In each of these crops the Institute has tested very large numbers of varieties, and these leaflets give details of the important ...
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    Erratum (1959)
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    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1777-1777 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the communication entitled "A New Crystalline Salt of Oxytocin" in Nature of September 26, p. 981, par. 3, line 4, for "33 ni[" read "353 ...
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    The National Chemical Laboratory (1959)
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    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1779-1780 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Report of the National Chemical Laboratory for 1958 follows the same general lines as previous reports (Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Report of the National Chemical Laboratory, 1958. Pp. iv+97. London : H.M. Stationery Office, 1959. 5s. 6d. net). After a preliminary ...
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    Appointments Vacant (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1786-1786 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] APPLICATIONS are invited for the following appointments on or before the dates mentioned : LECTURER IN THE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PATHOLOGY? The Secretary, The University, Edinburgh (December 31). LECTURER (preferably an experimental physicist with an interest in low temperature physics, ...
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    A Relation Between Giant Travelling Disturbances and Sporadic E Ionization (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1788-1789 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During the winter months when occurrence of sporadic E is not normally prevalent this usually takes the form of temporary appearance of Es where none was previously present. Correlation is not 100 per cent, and quite often large F disturbance anomalies are not associated with a corresponding EB ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1841788a0
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    Evolution of the Human Brain (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1777-1777 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE James Arthur Lecture on the Evolution of the Human Brain, given by Prof. D. P. C. Lloyd, entitled "The Discrete and the Diffuse in Nervous Action", has now been issued (pp. ii + 28. New York : Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1959). His central theme is Cajal's concept of "les reflexes unilatraux ...
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    Mechanism of Anti-Knock (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1794-1795 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The heterogeneous or 'smoke' theory of Muraour1 is supported by Walsh and his collaborators2,3, on the basis of their studies of the low temperature oxidation of ethers in coated vessels. The reactions leading to auto-ignitions in the end gas are supposed to be inhibited by removal of chain centres ...
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    Rubidium-Strontium Ages of Lewisian Rocks from North-West Scotland (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 1793-1794 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In 1955, Holmes et l.* reported the first isotopic age measurements on Lewisian rocks. Measurements on eight feldspars, all from pegmatites, were made by the potassium-argon method. Three samples came from the Outer Hebrides, three from the Laxfordian, and two from the Scourian. Omitting three ...
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