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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on plasma membranes XVII. On the chemical composition of plasma membranes prepared from rat and mouse liver and hepatomas (1972)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 9 (1972), S. 83-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Plasma membranes were isolated under hypotonic conditions from rat and mouse livers and five hepatomas, i.e. one rather anaplastic rat hepatoma (and its subline) and three well-differentiated mouse hepatomas. All these membranes contained some 25% protein soluble in 0.15m NaCl. Evidence is presented that this protein is mainly, if not exclusively of nonmembranous origin. Protein/phospholipid P (P=phosphorus) ratios did not differ significantly for the various plasma membrane species except the rat-hepatoma subline, which showed a markedly lower ratio and was thus identified. Hepatoma membranes contained more P of a nonphospholipid nature than did liver membranes and to this increase contributed in all instances an increased RNA content and in some cases also an increased DNA content. The presence of DNA in these plasma membranes is artefactual, but that of RNA is more complicated. Artefactually, Ca2+-associated RNA of low mol wt and soluble in 0.15m NaCl, and residual RNA (genuine?, in liver membranes less than 1% in respect of protein) have been demonstrated. The increase in hepatoma-membrane RNA is attributed to the ribosomal RNA of the few microsomal vesicles which are structurally connected with these plasma membranes. The sialic acid content and the percentage of neuraminidase-resistant sialic acid of hepatoma as compared with liver membranes was either similar or changed, depending on the hepatoma strain. Gelfiltration of trypsin-released peptides of liver plasma membranes showed hexosamine and hexose to be confined to the sialic acidcontaining fractions. In spite of quantitative differences among fractions, the relative contents of the three carbohydrates in the combined fractions were (about) similar to those in intact liver membranes. Similar experiments with the rat-hepatoma membranes showed a changed carbohydrate expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868045
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficiency of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylations in Intact Ascites Tumour Cells (1959)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 184 (1959), S. 2024-2025 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Recently Quastel and Bickis3 and Ibsen et al.4 determined the ratio of the lactate production by ascites tumour cells to the difference between the oxygen consumption of the cells in the absence and presence of glucose (AO). They found that the accumulation of lactate accounted for the decreased ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1842024b0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Swelling of Fresh and Aged Liver Mitochondria as affected by Succinate, Adenine Nucleotides and Thyroxine (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 186 (1960), S. 556-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Previous investigators2,5 reported that several oxidizable substrates, including succinate, markedly and instantaneously accelerated the swelling of fresh liver mitochondria from the rat. However, in our control experiments carried out with freshly isolated (0-3 M sucrose) mouse and rat liver ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/186556b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaerobic Production of α-Glycerolphosphate by Cell-free Preparations of Rat Hepatomas and the Effect of Potassium Cyanide (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 200 (1963), S. 364-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Post-mitochondrial fractions from rat liver and three transplanted rat hepatomas were prepared and incubated anaerobically with glucose-6-phosphate under the conditions mentioned in the legend of Table 1. a-Glyeeroiphosphate was measured by the conventional enzymatic method2. Table 1 shows the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/200364a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction and isolation of mutants in fungi at low mutagen doses (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 471-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Aspergillus nidulans ; Mutation induction ; Mutagen dose ; Mutant yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Since the yield of mutants per surviving cell increases in general with increasing dose of mutagen, it has often been concluded in the literature that it is the most efficient to apply high mutagen doses so that most spores are killed. As high doses of mutagen produce chromosome rearrangements and unnoticed mutations which disturb the genetic background, the relationship between mutant frequency and survival was analyzed with Aspergillus nidulans as a model. It is shown that for different types of mutants the highest mutant yield is obtained at low mutagen doses (20–50% survival). Mutant frequency increases with increasing dose of mutagen but levels off and even decreases at higher dosages. There is no simple linear relationship between mutant frequency and the logarithm of the mutagen dose or the logarithm of the surviving fraction. If appropriate enrichment procedures are also available auxotrophic mutants can best be isolated at low doses of mutagen. Taking into account the disturbance of the genetic background, mutation induction should be done preferentially at a survival level of at least 70%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00434826
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene amplification in Aspergillus nidulans by transformation with vectors containing the amdS gene (1985)
    Springer
    Current genetics 9 (1985), S. 361-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Transformation of Aspergillus ; Conidial protoplasts ; Multicopy/tandem integration ; Gene amplification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Conidial protoplasts of an A. nidulans amdS deletion strain (MH1277) have been transformed to the AmdS+ phenotype with a plasmid carrying the wild type gene (p3SR2). Optimalisation of transformation and plating conditions now has resulted in frequencies of 300–400 transformants per μg of DNA. Analysis of DNA from AmdS+ transformants of MH1277 showed that transformation had occurred by integration of vector DNA sequences into the genome. In virtually all these transformants multiple copies of the vector were present in a tandemly repeated fashion, not preferentially at the resident, partially deleted amdS gene. It is suggested that the observed integration phenomena are dependent on the genetic background of the A. nidulans strain, used for transformation. A model to explain the tandem type of integration is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421606
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing the fatty acid oxidation of tumor mitochondria with special reference to changes in spontaneous mouse hepatomas (1955)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 11 (1955), S. 353-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mitochondrien aus kleinen und grossen Spontanhepatomen bei F1(C57Bl×C3He) Mäusen weisen verschiedene Adenosintriphosphataseaktivitäten auf, was sich 1. an der Hemmung der Fettsäureoxydation normaler Lebermitochondrien nach Zugabe von Tumormitochondrien und 2. an der Fettsäureoxydation der Hepatommitochondrien selbst zeigen lässt. Die Mitochondrien gewisser Tumoren vermochten Caprylsäure nur zu oxydieren, wenn die Adenosintriphosphatase möglichst wenig aktiviert war durch Zugabe von Verseen zum Aufarbeitungsmedium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02159918
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Glycerolphosphate Production by Rat Hepatomas (1964)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 203 (1964), S. 77-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Pette and Ruga3 have very recently demonstrated that potassium cyanide causes the dismutation of methylglyoxal. which contaminates the triosephosphate esters used as substrate in the enzyme assay, to pyruvate, which is then reduced by added NADH2 and the lactic dehydrogenase present in the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/203077b0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis and the construction of master strains for assignment of genes to six linkage groups in Aspergillus niger (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 437-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Aspergillus niger ; Genetic analysis ; Genetic markers ; Linkage groups ; Master strains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A start has been made on establishing a collection of Aspergillus niger colour and auxotrophic mutants with an isogenic background for use as a source of genetic markers. All strains have short conidiophores (cspAl ), which makes them easy to handle on test plates. Genetic markers were combined stepwise by somatic recombination. Somatic diploids were obtained at frequencies of 10−6-10−5 with conidiospores collected from a heterokaryon. The haploidization of heterozygous diploids was induced by benomyl. For unlinked markers, the frequency of recombinants varied from 35%–65%. Low frequencies of recombinants were found between markers on a same chromosome, but this was sometimes disturbed by mitotic crossing-over during an early stage of the diploid. Master strains were constructed having markers for six linkage groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00521266
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of Aspergillus niger mutants defective in benzoate-4-hydroxylase function (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 261-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Benzoate conversion ; Mutant isolation ; Transformants ; Aspergillus niger
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary This study was prompted by the observation that an Aspergillus niger transformant with a multicopy bphA (benzoate-4-hydroxylase gene) insert did not grow on benzoate, whereas a transformant with only one extra copy could grow. Therefore, an extensive survey has been made for other genes involved in the conversion of benzoate into 4-hydroxy-benzoate. A transformant with two copies of the bphA gene was used in part of the mutation experiments in order to avoid the isolation of many bphA mutants. Filtration enrichment was used to isolate mutants defective in the conversion of benzoate. The Bph mutants that have been isolated belong to six complementation groups. Mutants with a defected structural gene (bphA) were again predominantly found but, in addition, five other groups of mutants that could not grow on benzoate were isolated. Genetic analysis of the mutants showed that the six genes were localized in different parts of the genome. This was used as an additional proof that some mutants involved different genes. Diploids with seven copies of the bphA gene and heterozygous for one of the other bph genes were constructed. No indication has been obtained that any one of the mutant classes is responsible for the growth-limiting factor in bphA multicopy transformants. This study shows that the p-hydroxylation of benzoate is very complex, although the metabolic pathway is straight forward.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355052
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