ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (894)
  • temperature  (237)
  • Triticum aestivum  (229)
  • taxonomy  (226)
  • fish  (211)
  • Springer  (894)
  • 1995-1999  (894)
Collection
  • Articles  (894)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selektive Partnerwahl der Aaskrähe (Corvus corone) in der Hybridisierungszone von Rabenkrähe (C. c. corone) und Nebelkrähe (C. c. cornix) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 139 (1998), S. 173-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Keywords: mate choice ; taxonomy ; phenotypic hybrids ; fitness ; decision rule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die als Unterarten klassifizierten europäischen Formen der Aaskrähe, Rabenkrähe und Nebelkrähe, besiedeln verschiedene, aneinandergrenzende Verbreitungsgebiete und hybridisieren in der Kontaktzone. Die Nachkommen von Mischpaaren sind fruchtbar und können sowohl mit anderen Hybriden als auch mit Raben- und Nebelkrähen erfolgreich brüten. Trotzdem kommt es zu keiner völligen Vermischung der Formen und/oder Verlagerung der Verbreitungsgebiete. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersuchten wir die Partnerwahl von Aaskrähen in der Hybridisierungszone auf der nordfriesischen Insel Amrum und stellten fest, daß Partner gleichen Phänotyps häufiger miteinander verpaart waren, als stochastisch zu erwarten gewesen wäre. Unsere Daten bestätigen vergleichbare Studien aus Hybridisierungszonen in Italien und Sibirien. Wir schließen daraus, daß phänotypisch selektive Partnerwahl bei der Aaskrähe ein allgemeines Phänomen sein könnte und diskutieren, warum dieses Verhalten anfitness-relevante Parameter gekoppelt sein sollte. Um welche es sich dabei handeln könnte, wurde bisher nicht hinreichend untersucht und muß deshalb offen bleiben.
    Notes: Summary Carrion Crow and Hooded Crow are regarded as subspecies of the Crow. They show frequent hybridisation along the adjacent borders of their distribution. Mixed pairs produce fertile offspring which are able to breed successfully with both hybrids and mates of either phenotype. However, hybridisation does not lead to phenotypic changes of Carrion and Hooded Crows in general nor in their distinct distribution. We studied the mating behaviour of Crows in the hybrid zone on the Island of Amrum (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany) and found evidence that Crows may prefer mates of the same phenotype. Our data confirm previous studies which reported assortative mating with respect to plumage coloration from hybrid zones in Italy and Siberia. We discuss why this behaviour should be related tofitness traits which in our opinion have not yet been studied adequately nor identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01651226
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Langfristige Zunahme früher Bruten beim Teichrohrsänger (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in einem südwestdeutschen Untersuchungsgebiet (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 140 (1999), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Keywords: Reed Warbler ; timing of breeding ; spring arrival ; global climate change ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einem Untersuchungsgebiet am westlichen Bodensee (Halbinsel Mettnau) zeichnet sich zwischen 1976 und 1997 eine deutliche Zunahme früh ausgeflogener Teichrohrsänger ab, was auf ein früheres Brüten schließen läßt. Weiterhin hat sich die Erstankunft des Teichrohrsängers am Bodensee in den letzten 16 Jahren (1982–1997) im Vergleich zum Zeitraum 1961 bis 1980 um genau eine Woche verfrüht (im Mittel vom 26.4. auf den 19.4.). Während sich zwischen der jährlichen Erstankunft des Teichrohrsängers am Bodensee und der Zahl früh ausgeflogener Jungvögel kein statistisch gesicherter Zusammenhang finden läßt, ist die Temperatur in der ersten Maihälfte ein guter (statistisch signifikanter) Indikator für die Zahl früh ausgeflogener Teichrohrsänger. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt, daß sich offenbar auch Langstreckenzieher an die sich abzeichnende Klimaveränderung anzupassen beginnen.
    Notes: Summary Data from a standardized mist-netting programme (the so-called "MRI-Programm") were used to assess the timing of breeding in Reed Warblers (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) at Lake Constance (South Germany). The number of Reed Warblers fledged early in the season increased significantly between 1976 and 1997 (rs=0.614; p〈0.01). This is most probably due to a long-term increase in spring temperature as suggested by the high correlation between the number of early-fledged Reed Warblers and mean temperature in the first half of May (rs=0.416; p〈0.01). While in the period from 1961 to 1980 the mean date of spring arrival was on the 26th of April, it shifted towards the 19th April from 1981 to 1997. However, the number of early-fledged Reed Warblers and the date of spring arrival are not significantly correlated. The lack of a significant correlation may be due to a number of reasons, for instance early arriving birds do not belong to the local population or there could be an observational bias among years. Yet, the most likely explanation is that the timing of breeding in Reed Warblers is triggered by vegetation growth and food supply rather than by the timing of spring arrival. There is growing body of evidence from this and other studies that the recent climate change is responsible for the shift in both the timing of migration and breeding in birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462091
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of five insect herbivores to multiple allelochemicals under fluctuating temperatures (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 88 (1998), S. 81-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: chlorogenic acid ; Heliothis virescens ; Manduca sexta ; Pseudoplusia includens ; rutin ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; temperature ; tomatine ; Trichoplusia ni
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of the combined effects of allelochemicals on insect herbivores is useful because there may be adverse additive or even synergistic effects. Analysis of the simultaneous effects of temperature and alleochemicals is also necessary because these factors may interact. We examined the effects of three allelochemicals found in tomato (chlorogenic acid, rutin and tomatine) and thermal regime (21:10 °C and 26:15 °C, representing spring and summer respectively) on five insect herbivores (a Solanaceae specialist, Manduca sexta, and the polyphagous Heliothis virescens, Pseudoplusia includens, Spodoptera frugiperda and Trichoplusia ni). There were allelochemical interactions and thermal regime-allelochemical interactions for all species, and so the patterns were complex. In some cases, paired allelochemicals or the combination of three allelochemicals showed adverse additive effects on insect performance. But that was not always the case, and there were only a few examples of synergism. Negative effects of the allelochemicals were sometimes, but not always, damped by the cooler thermal regime. Comparing the growth rates of the five species in this study with those of a previous study (a total of seven species) revealed five patterns. For two of three pairs of closely-related species, the paired species had distinctly different patterns. For example, for H. virescens, tomatine prevented development and chlorogenic acid slowed growth, whereas for Helicoverpa zea, tomatine just slowed growth and the phenolics had little effect. The specialist Manduca sexta had a pattern that was midway between patterns of the generalists; it was not the most tolerant of the allelochemicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003290510565
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-reciprocal cross-incompatibility in Trichogramma deion (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 481-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: reproductive compatibility ; hybrid inviability ; temperature ; Trichogramma ; biological control ; Hymenoptera ; Trichogrammatidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In non-reciprocal cross-incompatibility (NRCI), the crossing of a female of a strain A with a male of a strain B results in hybrid offspring, whereas the reciprocal cross produces few or no hybrids. Only females are of hybrid origin in Hymenoptera because they arise from fertilized eggs; males arise from unfertilized (haploid) eggs. Crosses between many strains of Trichogramma deion showed some degree of NRCI. Crosses between a T. deion culture collected in Seven Pines, California (SVP) with one from Marysville, California (MRY) showed an extreme form of NRCI in which practically no female offspring was produced when MRY females were crossed with SVP males. The reciprocal cross produced a close to normal proportion of female and male offspring. Detailed studied of this cross indicated that 1) the female offspring produced in the compatible interstrain cross were not the result of parthenogenesis but were true hybrids, 2) the incompatible interstrain cross did not produce female offspring because fertilized eggs died during development, 3) the death of these eggs could not be prevented by either antibiotic or temperature treatment, 4) cytoplasmically inherited factors causing NRCI could be discounted because backcrossed females with the genome of MRY and the cytoplasm of SVP, exhibit the NRCI relationship characteristic of their genome. Therefore the NRCI between these strains appears to be caused by a modification coded for by the nuclear genes of MRY that results in incompatibility when SVP sperm fertilizes MRY eggs. In addition the level of incompatibility in crosses between the SVP females and MRY males is temperature sensitive, the higher the rearing temperature the lower the level of compatibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343472
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding damage by Diuraphis noxia results in a nutritionally enhanced phloem diet (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 91 (1999), S. 403-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: aphid ; Diuraphis noxia ; Triticum aestivum ; endosymbiont ; insect-plant interactions ; phloem ; amino acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The feeding behavior of Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko (Homoptera: Aphididae) on susceptible hosts causes both ultrastructural and tissue level damage which may affect phloem composition. Genetic evidence suggests that endosymbiotic bacteria in most aphids overproduce limiting amino acids to benefit hosts but that D. noxia depends less on endosymbionts for these nutrients, possibly due to an enriched diet. To determine whether D. noxia feeding damage results in higher concentrations of essential amino acids, stylet exudates were analyzed from wheat (Triticum aestivum) damaged to different degrees. Comparison of samples from undamaged and damaged susceptible wheat revealed changes in amino acid composition and an increase in levels of essential amino acids, indicating a nutritionally enhanced ingesta. The changes in stylet exudates paralleled changes in leaf exudates, indicating that the effects are systemic. Feeding damage is not observed on a resistant wheat host, var. Halt, and leaf exudates from infested Halt did not show changes in amino acid composition. Mean relative growth of nymphs was significantly lower on Halt than on susceptible Arapahoe, indicating that Halt is a less suitable host. Both varieties show similar amino acid levels in non-infested samples, suggesting that D. noxia infestation does not enhance the phloem environment in Halt. This study provides evidence that aphid feeding can generate a nutritionally enhanced phloem diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003617523820
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of vegetation and weather on trap catches of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes near Lake Victoria, Kenya (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 85 (1997), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Glossina fuscipes fuscipes ; vegetation ; biconical trap ; temperature ; light ; relative humidity ; monitor lizard
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead was sampled in isolated thickets and forest patches near Lake Victoria, Kenya using unbaited biconical traps, between March 1992 and June 1993. Traps set at 1 m from the forest edge caught 3.3 times as many males and 5 times as many females as those set inside or 10 m away. The corresponding figures at 1 m from the edge of thicket were about 1.43 and 1.64 times, respectively. Hourly catches of males and females were positively correlated with temperature, light intensity and host (monitor lizard) prevalence, and negatively correlated with relative humidity. Light intensity and temperature were the most important variables affecting the catches of each sex. The results are discussed in relation to control and monitoring of G. f. fuscipes using traps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003179128955
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental effects on cytoplasmic incompatibility and bacterial load in Wolbachia-infected Drosophila simulans (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 86 (1998), S. 13-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Drosophila ; cytoplasmic incompatibility ; Wolbachia ; temperature ; antibiotics ; density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of high temperatures, antibiotics, nutrition and larval density on cytoplasmic incompatibility caused by a Wolbachia infection were investigated in Drosophila simulans. Exposure of larvae from an infected stock to moderate doses of tetracycline led to complete incompatibility when treated females were crossed to infected males; the same doses only caused a partial restoration of compatibility when treated males were crossed to uninfected females. In crosses with treated females, there was a strong correlation between dose effects on hatch rates and infection levels in embryos produced by these females. Ageing and rearing males at a high temperature led to increased compatibility. However, exposing infected females to a high temperature did not influence their compatibility with infected males. Male temperature effects depended on conditions experienced at the larval stage but not the pupal stage. Exposure to 25 °C reduced the density of Wolbachia in embryos compared with a 19 °C treatment. Low levels of nutrition led to increased compatibility, but no effect of larval crowding was detected. These findings show the ways environmental factors can influence the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility and suggest that environmental effects may be mediated by bacterial density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003043814761
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different responses to temperature in three closely-related sympatric cereal aphids (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 86 (1998), S. 49-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: aphids ; Sitobion ; population ; chromosomal race ; mean relative growth rate ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chromosomal races of the aphid Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi), and a closely-related species S. near fragariae (Aphididae: Macrosiphini) show seasonal differences in abundance in eastern Australia. We tested whether this was related to differences in temperature response, using controlled laboratory conditions. Intrinsic rate of increase, rm, mean relative growth rate (MRGR), and longevity were compared at different temperatures, and rates of increase were compared outdoors under ambient conditions. Using laboratory data, we simulated population growth, for comparison with outdoor populations. There were significant differences in responses to temperature regimes both in the laboratory and outdoors. Outdoor populations fell well short of predicted sizes. S. miscanthi (2n=18) showed evidence of adaptation to warmer conditions. In contrast, S. nr fragariae showed consistent evidence for adaptation to cooler conditions, and S. miscanthi 2n=17 was approximately intermediate. These data indicate that temperature responses are important in the ecology, evolution and pest status of S. miscanthi clones and S. nr fragariae in Australia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003102927699
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of Bemisia tabaci adults under different climatic conditions (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 511-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: sweet potato whitefly ; temperature ; relative humidity ; migration and dispersal ; virus transmission ; Homoptera ; Aleyrodidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability of the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennad., to survive a range of environmental conditions was investigated in the laboratory. The range of temperature and humidity investigated corresponds to the normal climatic range during B. tabaci's summer migration in Israel. Adult whiteflies confined to small test cages were exposed to combinations of temperature (25, 30, 35, and 41 °C) and relative humidity (20, 50, 80, and 100%) for periods of 2, 4, or 6 h. A logistic regression model describing the four-dimensional surface defining percent survival as a function of time, temperature, and humidity was developed. Using stepwise regression to exclude non-significant terms, the linear predictor included temperature, and the products of temperature and time, and humidity and time. The model accounted for 75% of the variance. A reparameterization of the fitted regression model suggests that survival potential is conditioned by temperature conditions prevailing during the previous 10 h. Whitefly survival after 2 h exposure ranged from ≈ 90% survival at 20°C and 100% RH, to 〈2% survival at 41°C and 20% r.h.. No whiteflies survived more than 2 h exposure at these latter extremes of temperature and humidity. Survival rates decreased slightly after experimental whiteflies were kept in a cage with food a further 20 h at 25±2°C, 55±5% r.h. Investigations of the effects of hunger and virus infection, showed that both increased mortality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343476
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Choosing a place to grow. Importance of within-plant abiotic microenvironment for Yponomeuta mahalebella (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 83 (1997), S. 171-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: within-plant heterogeneity ; tent caterpillars ; temperature ; circular statistics ; Lepidoptera ; Yponomeutidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The caterpillars of Yponomeuta mahalebella Latr. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) are monophagous on Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) leaves. Adult females deposit eggs in batches, which determines larval gregarious behaviour. Coupled with gregarious behaviour, caterpillars spin silk tents within they will feed until pupation. Distribution of tents in the field, their effect in microenvironmental larval growth conditions and the consequences for adult body mass and survival of larvae were studied. There was a significant trend for tents to be placed with a southward orientation. Within-plant tent orientation was related to the sun-shade pattern experienced, which was the main effect determining thermal differences between the inside and the outside of the tent. These differences appeared to affect larval growth and survival, with higher survival of larvae and heavier adults emerging from tents oriented to the south-east and east, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002908817924
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Life history ofAphis gossypii on cucumber: influence of temperature, host plant and parasitism (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 76 (1995), S. 121-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphis gossypii ; life history ; cucumber ; temperature ; partial resistance ; biological control ; Aphidius colemani
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Life table data forAphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), an important pest in glasshouse cucumber crops, were studied at 20, 25 and 30°C on two cucumber cultivars (Cucumis sativus L.) in controlled climate cabinets. The development time on the cucumber cv. ‘Sporu’ ranged from 4.8 days at 20°C to 3.2 days at 30°C. Immature mortality was approximately 20% and did not differ between temperatures. Most mortality occurred during the first instar. Reproduction periods did not differ among temperatures, but at 25 and 30°C more nymphs were produced (65.9 and 69.8 nymphs/♀, respectively) than at 20°C (59,9 nymphs/♀) because of a higher daily reproduction. Intrinsic rate of increase was greatest at 25°C (r m =0.556 day−1). At 20 and 30°C the intrinsic rate of increase was 0.426 and 0.510, respectively. On cv. ‘Aramon’, the development time ofA. gossypii was approximately 20% longer at all temperatures. Immature mortality did not differ between the two cultivars. The intrinsic rate of increase on cv. ‘Aramon’ was 15% smaller than on cv. ‘Sporu’. The use of cucumber cultivars partially resistant to aphids is discussed in relation to biological control of cotton aphid in glasshouses. Development time and immature mortality on leaves of the middle and upper leaf layer of glasshouse grown cucumber plants (cv. ‘Aramon’) were comparable to development in the controlled climate cabinets. On the lower leaves immature mortality was much higher (approximately 82%) than on leaves of the middle (24.0%) and upper leaf layer (24.5%). Reproduction was less on the lower leaf layer (45.9, 70.5 and 70.1 nymphs/♀ on leaves of the lower, middle and upper leaf layer, respectively). Aphids, successfully parasitized byAphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) only reproduced when they were parasitized after the third instar. Fecundity was 0.1 to 0.9 and 10.5 to 13.3 nymphs/♀ for aphids parasitized in the fourth instar or as adults, respectively. Reproduction of aphids that were stung but survived the attack was lower than for aphids not stung. Average longevity of these aphids was equal to the longevity of aphids not stung byA. colemani.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02383210
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flight behavior of pre- and postdiapause apple blossom weevils in relation to ambient temperature (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 88 (1998), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Anthonomus pomorum ; temperature ; diapause ; flight behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003269621622
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetometric Method of Investigating Fire Sites (1997)
    Springer
    Fire technology 33 (1997), S. 195-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: point of fire origin ; fire ; temperature ; plaster ; concrete ; thermal ; damage ; biotite ; magnetization ; susceptibility ; N-rays ; P-rays ; X-rays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic susceptibility (MS) measurements were taken to determine fire exposure patterns on noncombustible structural members and compartment boundaries. These measurements led on-site fire investigators to the cause of combustion and the point of fire origin. Thermal damage to walls and to ceilings was estimated quantitatively by measuring MS and two-valent Fe ion concentration in building materials such as concrete and plaster. It was shown that these effects are preconditioned by thermochemical transformations in the mineral biotite, which is present as a component of common building materials. For the first time, the effect of a substantial and irreversible increase in biotite magnetization exposed to powerful flows of N- and P-rays was found. It is hoped that the presence of this “magnetic trace” of radiation in building materials will allow investigators to use the magnetometric method at nuclear power plant catastrophes such as that in Chernobyl. It was also shown that the influence of N- and P-rays on biotite's magnetic properties greatly differs from the thermal influence on biotite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015363605037
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and photoperiod on development and oviposition of the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 93 (1999), S. 149-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Megalurothrips sjostedti ; temperature ; photoperiod ; development ; pre-oviposition ; oviposition ; diapause
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Megalurothrips sjostedti is an economic pest of cowpea in tropical Africa. There are no reports of the effect of temperature on the development of the pest and no diapause has been detected. The developmental rate and reproduction of M. sjostedti was studied under six constant temperatures (14, 17, 20, 23, 26 and 29 °C ) and a photoperiod of L12:D12 in the laboratory. Total developmental time ranged from 33.1 days at 14 °C to 19.2 days at 26 °C. At 29 °C, all larvae died during hatching. Egg, larval and pupal stages required 94.3, 97.1 and 105.3 deg-days (DD) above a threshold of 8.2, 9.1 and 10.4 °C, respectively, to complete development. Total developmental cycle was completed at 163.9 DD above a threshold of 12.6 °C. Adult longevity was lowest (11.1 days) at 29 °C and highest (28.7 days) at 14 °C. At constant temperatures, the highest pre-oviposition period was observed at 29 °C under a photoperiod of L16:D8. Egg production also ceased at this temperature/photoperiod combination. Total fecundity was highest at 26 °C under L10:D14. At cyclical temperatures, pre-oviposition period was longest (12.4 days) at 20/29 °C under L16:D8. Total fecundity was highest (168.4 eggs) at 14/26 °C under L10:D14, and lowest (8.2 eggs) at 20/29 °C under L16:D8. The significance of these findings in the management of M. sjostedti is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003896919284
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of temperature and vapor pressure deficit on the rate of predation by the predatory mite, Amblyseius cucumeris, on Frankliniella occidentalis (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 78 (1996), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Amblyseius cucumeris ; Frankliniella occidentalis ; rate of predation ; temperature ; vapor pressure deficit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on the rate of predation by the predatory mite, Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was determined under controlled laboratory conditions. The survival of first instars of F. occidentalis was initially determined by themselves. Then the number of first instars that were killed by a single female adult of A. cucumeris was determined for the same density of thrips. The differences in the mortality between the two experiments were used to calculate the rate of predation by A. cucumeris under a range of temperature and VPD regimes. Rate of predation was expressed as the number of thrips killed per h to account for the different time periods that the trials lasted. A quadratic model was fitted to the data. At a constant temperature, the rate of predation decreased with increasing VPD for VPDs 〈-1.24 to 1.44 kPa. Above these VPDs, the rate of predation started to increase again. At a constant VPD, the rate of predation decreased slightly at the lower temperatures and increased at the higher temperatures. The rate of change was dependent upon the VPD. By using the quadratic model, the rate of predation can be predicted for the range of hygrothermal conditions that would be encountered in the greenhouse. The optimal condition for maximum rate of predation by A. cucumeris on first instars of F. occidentalis in the greenhouse is a VPD 〈- 0.75 kPa at the recommended production temperatures and VPDs (17 to 25°C and 〈- 1.5 kPa).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304454
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diapause survival and post-diapause performance in bumblebee queens (Bombus terrestris) (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 89 (1998), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Bombus terrestris ; bumblebees ; diapause ; survival ; preoviposition period ; weight ; temperature ; diapause duration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diapause survival and post-diapause performance (i.e., if a queen starts to lay eggs) of in total 2210 bumblebee queens (Bombus terrestris) were measured under different diapause regimes: 5 temperatures (−5, 0, 5, 10 and 15 °C) in combination with 5 durations of exposure (1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). The results show that weight at the start of diapause determines to a large extent whether a queen will be able to survive diapause. Queens with a wet weight below 0.6 g prior to diapause did not survive, but for those queens exceeding this threshold a higher pre- diapause weight did not increase their post-diapause performance. There was no effect of temperature on diapause survival; 76% of the variance in survival could be explained by the duration of the treatment. Neither temperature nor duration of exposure had an effect on post-diapause performance. The preoviposition period of the queens that laid eggs was also determined. The preoviposition period was affected by both temperature and duration of exposure: the preoviposition period decreased with decreasing temperature but also with increasing duration of the treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003595306816
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature influence on cohort parameters and demographic characteristics of the two cowpea coreids Clavigralla tomentosicollis and C. shadabi (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 78 (1996), S. 201-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: cowpea ; Vigna unguiculata ; pod sucking bugs ; age-specific life tables ; temperature ; insect development ; cohort statistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Age-specific life tables of two important pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., the pod sucking bugs Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål and C. shadabi Dolling (Heteroptera: Coreidae), were obtained from observations carried out at different temperatures. A biophysical model was found satisfactory to describe the temperature-response of developmental and mortality rates of egg and nymphal stages, with a peak developmental rate around 34°C in both species. The variability in development times was small and the experimental data did not permit any conclusion with regard to the Erlang probability density function. Survival of eggs and nymphs remained high between 20° and 30°C for both species. At temperatures above 34°C, C. tomentosicollis survivorship and fecundity was higher than that of C. shadabi, which in turn laid more eggs at temperatures between 20° and 30°C. Maximum fecundity is estimated to be at 29°C for C. tomentosicollis (99 eggs/female) and 26°C for C. shadabi (261 eggs/female). At 30°C, the intrinsic rate of increase reached a maximum in both species, 0.152 per day for C. tomentosicollis and 0.145 per day for C. shadabi, and remained high for C. tomentosicollis until 36°C. C. tomentosicollis performed significantly better on pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan Millsp., than on cowpea at higher temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187518
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of temperature on bionomics of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, on cotton (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 90 (1999), S. 25-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphis gossypii ; development ; survival ; fecundity ; intrinsic rate of increase ; life table ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Life table parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Gossypium hirsutum L. were determined at six temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 ± 0.5 °C) in the laboratory. Relationships of life table parameters with temperature were described with mathematical equations. Development was fastest at 30 °C, with a pre-larviposition period of 4.6 d. Survival to adult was greatest at 25 °C (81%). Fecundity was highest at 25 °C, with a total fecundity of 28.3 nymphs per female and a mean reproductive rate of 3.1 nymphs per female per day. Threshold temperatures for development in the first through fourth instar and the adult were 8.2, 8.0, 7.2, 6.2 and 7.9 °C, respectively. The durations of these stages, expressed as temperature sums above these thresholds, were 24.2, 23.7, 23.0, 25.5 and 168.8 degree-days (D°), respectively. A. gossypii achieved its maximum net reproductive number (24.4 nymphs per female) and greatest intrinsic rate of increase (0.386 d−1) at 25 °C. The high relative rate of population increase at 25 °C results in a daily population increase of 47% and a doubling time of only 1.8 d, illustrating the tremendous growth capacity of A. gossypii populations under favourable conditions. Compared to literature sources, our source of A. gossypii, fed on cotton, showed a comparatively great heat tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003580413487
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproduction of Diaeretiella rapae on Russian wheat aphid hosts at different temperatures (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 82 (1997), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Diaeretiella rapae ; reproduction ; life-tables ; temperature ; Diuraphis noxia ; biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh), a polyphagous and cosmopolitan parasite of aphids, was imported from China to the USA for biological control of Diuraphis noxia (Mordwilko), a pest of small grains. We studied several aspects of its biology on D. noxia hosts in the laboratory at 3 constant temperatures, 10.0, 21.1, and 26.7 °C. Females lived significantly longer than males at all 3 temperatures, and longevity was greatest at 10 °C, followed by 21.1 and 26.7 °C. Fecundity (= number of mummies) did not differ significantly among the 3 temperatures studied. The ovarian egg-load was 129.1 ± 9.3, and was significantly affected by the size of adult females. A pre-oviposition period ± 0.26 days) was detected at 10 °C, but not at the other temperatures. Pre-imaginal survivorship was similar among temperatures, while R o and T c decreased with temperature, and r m increased with temperature. The offspring sex ratio (proportion females) was lowest at 26.7 °C, and similar between 10.0 and 21.1 °C. In addition, the offspring sex ratio significantly declined with the age of the female parent. The suitability of D. rapae for colonization against D. noxia in North America is discussed in relation to its responses to temperature and the climate of its home range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002929500786
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of light availability on host plant chemistry and the consequences for behavior and growth of an insect herbivore (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 82 (1997), S. 319-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: chlorogenic acid ; light availability ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Manduca sexta ; protein ; rutin ; temperature ; tomatine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We examined how light availability influenced the defensive chemistry of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum: Solanaceae). Tomato plants were grown either in full sunlight or under shade cloth rated at 73%. Leaves from plants grown in full sunlight were tougher, had higher concentrations of allelochemicals (chlorogenic acid, rutin and tomatine), and had less protein than leaves from plants grown in shade. We determined how these differences in host plant quality due to light availability affected the behavior and growth of a Solanaceae specialist, Manduca sexta. Both in the greenhouse and in the field, caterpillars on shade-grown plants grew heavier in a shorter amount of time than those on plants that had previously been grown in full sunlight. In contrast, the effects of previous light availability to plants on caterpillar behavior appeared to be minor. To further investigate how light availability to plants influenced herbivore growth, we examined the effects of leaf-powder diets made from tomato leaves of different ages (new, intermediate, or mature) grown in full sunlight or shade on caterpillar performance. Caterpillars fed diets made from plants grown in shade consumed less but grew faster than larvae fed diets made from tomato plants grown in full sunlight. Caterpillars fed diets made from new leaves grew larger in less time than caterpillars fed diets made from intermediate aged leaves. Caterpillars did not survive on the mature leaf powder diets. There were plant-light treatment by larval thermal regime interactions. For example, at 26:15 °C , plant-light treatment had no effect on stadium duration, but at 21:10 °C, stadium duration was prolonged with the full sunlight-new leaf diet compared with the shaded-new leaf diet. In a second diet experiment, we examined the interactive effects of protein and some tomato allelochemicals (rutin, chlorogenic acid and tomatine) on the performance of caterpillars. There were food quality by thermal regime interactions. For instance, at 26:15 °C , neither protein nor allelochemical concentration influenced stadium duration, whereas at 21:10 °C, stadium duration was prolonged with the low protein-high allelochemical diet, which simulated full sunlight leaves. In sum, light availability to plants affected defensive chemistry and protein concentration. The difference in food quality was great enough to influence the growth of a specialist insect herbivore, but the effects were temperature-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002916325052
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoperiodic induction of larval diapause and temperature-dependent termination in a wild multivoltine bruchid,Kytorhinus sharpianus (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 75 (1995), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: bruchid ; diapause ; photoperiod ; temperature ; multivoltinism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A wild bean weevil,Kytorhinus sharpianus Bridwell (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), has a multivoltine life cycle and enters a hibernal larval diapause at the fourth instar under a short daylength (Shimada & Ishihara, 1991). Here, we investigated their diapause incidence under different photoperiods at 24°C and 27°C. The critical photoperiods for diapause induction were 14.5 h at 24°C and 14 h at 27°C. The stages susceptible to diapause-inducing stimuli were estimated by transferring larvae of various instars from long days to short days and vice versa. Then we investigated the incidence of larval diapause. The sensitive stage was estimated to be from the third to early fourth instar. Though larval diapause, which was induced under a short daylength, was terminated only by increasing the daylength, the termination was more synchronized by an exposure to a low temperature followed by increasing temperature, irrespective of photoperiod.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382171
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inter- and intra-population differences in the effects of temperature on postdiapause development of Delia radicum (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 84 (1997), S. 255-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Delia radicum ; postdiapause development ; temperature ; Diptera ; Anthomyiidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Canadian populations of D. radicum differ in their response to temperature during postdiapause development. Populations that are primarily of the early-emerging type ( $$\left( { \leqslant 256DD_{04} } \right)$$ ) (St-Jean, Quebec; London, Ontario) have high values for the parameters describing this response: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOuamaaBa% aaleaacaWGTbaabeaakiabg2da9aaa!38F2!$$R_m = $$ 12.7–13.3; $$T_m = $$ 28.0–31.8 °C ; Tσ = 10.3–14.2 ( $$R_m $$ , the maximum developmental rate at the temperature, $$T_m $$ [ °C ] where the developmental rate is highest, and Tσ , the parameter which gives the shape of the truncated normal curve fitted to the data), a low degree-day requirement for emergence (160–232 $$DD_{04} $$ ), and may lack a developmental delay at temperatures above ca. 21 °C . Populations of the late-emerging type (Kildare, Prince Edward Island) have low parameter values ( $$ R_m = 2.5$$ , $$T_m = 19.3$$ °C ; Tσ = 6.4), high degree-day requirements (530 $$DD_{04} $$ ), and a developmental delay at high temperatures. The parameters for the early-emergers in the population from Winnipeg, Manitoba (74% early) were intermediate ( $$R_m = 9.1$$ , $$T_m = 27.1$$ °C , Tσ = 10.7, $$ DD_{04} = 246 $$ ), but resembled the early rather than the late type. This population varied from 31 to 90% early type over a 10-year period and the rate of postdiapause development at 20 °C was directly related to the percentage early. In the year with the most rapid development (90% early), development was significantly slower than in the populations from other locations with predominantly early populations, and the year with the slowest development (31% early) showed significantly faster development than that from Kildare, Prince Edward Island (100% late). Therefore the parameters for early and late types of development will not be accurate for use in mixed populations, and the parameters in mixed populations will change among years. Populations of D. radicum in North America and Europe (67 locations by years) varied from 0–100% early. At Winnipeg, the percentage early was directly related to the annual temperature accumulation ( $$DD_{05} $$ ) during the growing season. The calculation of developmental parameters for the early-emergers of mixed populations provides a more accurate basis for estimating the times of first emergence and the first peak of emergence than parameters based on the whole population. Since postdiapause developmental rates vary both among and annually within locations, developmental models should be designed to include such variations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003048502446
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spring behavioral patterns of the apple blossom weevil (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 79 (1996), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Anthonomus pomorum ; temperature ; diel cycle ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Individual pairs of overwintered adult apple blossom weevils, Anthonomus pomorum (L.), confined with apple twigs under different ambient temperatures in the laboratory and on apple trees in the field, were observed through day and night for their spring activities. Flight behavior in relation to ambient temperature was also investigated under laboratory conditions using flight stands. Both sexes displayed predominantly nocturnal behavior patterns in both the laboratory and the field. Feeding, crawling, and mating activities increased following sunset in the field or onset of scotophase in the laboratory while resting occurred most frequently during daylight hours. Results of the laboratory experiments showed that temperature affected significantly the activity patterns. The diel pattern of activities became less distinctive at higher temperatures (above 15°C), and total activities in crawling, feeding, and mating were suppressed significantly at lower temperatures (below 5°C). Over 97% of the test weevils initiated take-off response from flight stands at 20°C within the 30 min trial period; however, flight initiation rarely occurred at temperatures 12°C or below. Overall, results of the laboratory and field experiments indicate that A. pomorum is a remarkably cold-adapted insect with ability to crawl, feed, and mate at a few degrees above freezing, a physiological attribute necessary for the exploitation of early stages of apple bud development in the cold early spring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333816
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relative performance of pheromone and light traps in monitoring the seasonal activity of both sexes of the eastern hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 89 (1998), S. 87-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: seasonal trapping ; light traps ; pheromone traps ; trapping periodicity ; temperature ; reproductive state ; eastern hemlock looper
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The seasonal flight activity of both sexes of the eastern hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria Guenée (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) was studied during two consecutive years in Quebec and Newfoundland, using light (L), pheromone (P) and combined light and pheromone (LP) traps. Moth density significantly affected the performance of the different traps, with P traps being more effective at low than high density. However, P trap catches decreased just prior to the onset of female captures, probably as a result of competition between traps and virgin calling females. Nearly all females caught in L and LP traps were already mated and even the first females caught had laid at least half of their egg complement. In Quebec under warm nights, the pattern of male activity occurred at different times, with peak P catches being later in the scotophase than those of L traps, but overall similar numbers of males were caught in both traps. In contrast, under cool nights, males were caught early in the night in both P and L traps, suggesting a strong competition effect between traps, although more males were caught in P than L traps overall. In Newfoundland, the pattern of male captures in L and P traps was similar at both high and low temperatures, so competition between trap types would always be high. Under these conditions P traps were more effective than L traps. Irrespective of the region, year or temperature, significantly more males were captured in LP, with the effect of L and P being additive. In both regions, females responded similarly to L and LP traps with peak activity occurring early in the night. Captures of females were lower than those of males under cool temperatures, suggesting that the temperature threshold for flight is higher for females. The use of L and P traps simultaneously and/or in combination is discussed in relation to integrated pest management programs and ecological considerations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003450432755
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of environmental conditions and parasitoid quality on field performance of Trichogramma minutum (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 461-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Trichogramma minutum ; Choristoneura fumiferana ; Ephestia kuehniella ; biological control ; inundative release ; weather ; host acceptance ; realized fecundity ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of weather conditions and two parasitoid quality attributes, realized fecundity and host acceptance, were assessed on the field efficacy of mass-released Trichogramma minutum. Temperature was the most important single variable, explaining up to 75% of the variation in field parasitism. There were significant positive relationships between both the sum of the maximum temperatures and the number of degree-hours above a 15 °C threshold, accumulated in the three days following the release, and parasitism in the field. There was a significant negative relationship between the mean relative humidity and the odds of parasitism in the field. Quality parameters based on parasitoid biology were not effective for predicting field efficacy if poor weather conditions persisted after a release. If weather conditions were ‘good’ (i.e. accumulated maximum temperatures above 62 °C, in the 3 days following the release), then parameters such as release rate and fecundity in the lab were useful predictors of field performance. There was no relationship between host acceptance measured in the lab and field parasitism. Given the importance of field temperatures for field performance, selection for cold tolerance of T. minutum would be desirable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343469
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii: predicting the phenology of adult emergence (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 93 (1999), S. 297-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: smaller fruit tortrix ; Grapholita lobarzewskii ; phenology ; post-diapause development ; temperature ; thermal threshold ; thermal constant ; forecasting ; modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki, has become a major pest in the recent past in apple orchards north of the Alps. Nevertheless little is known about the biology and the behaviour of this species. The effect of temperature on post-diapause development and survival was studied under controlled conditions in order to establish a basis for the forecasting of adult emergence. Survival was found to be highest at 17 °C and lowest at 11.8 °C. The sex ratio did not differ significantly from 1:1. Based on a linear relationship between temperature and developmental rates, thermal thresholds of 9.6 °C and 9.8 °C were determined for females and males respectively. The thermal constants, i.e., the mean developmental times in physiological time units, were found to be 342 day-degrees for females and 317 day-degrees for males, suggesting a slight protandry. Based on the mean and the variance of the developmental times, a simple temperature-driven phenology model was built using a time-varying distributed delay. The model was validated by visually comparing the predictions with independent observations on adult emergence, and by calculating the temporal deviations of the predictions. In 4 out of 5 years the mean error was less than 3 days. The model was therefore found to give reliable forecasts of the emergence of G. lobarzewskii and can be used to determine the optimal time for the exposure of pheromone traps, the application of pheromone dispensers for mating disruption, and for the timing of insecticide applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003905026249
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salivation into sieve elements in relation to plant chemistry: the case of the aphid Sitobion fragariae and the wheat, Triticum aestivum (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 91 (1999), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: sieve element ; salivation ; aphid ; plant resistance ; wheat ; Sitobion fragariae ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Extended sieve element salivation (E1 waveform in the electrical penetration graph) is a characteristic activity during early sieve element punctures, particularly in resistant plants. In order to explore a chemically-mediated mechanism of resistance associated with sieve element salivation, we compared the pattern of feeding behaviour of the aphid, Sitobion fragariae (Walker), on two cultivars of the wheat Triticum aestivum L., with different concentrations of hydroxamic acids (Hx). During 24 h of electronic monitoring, aphids dedicated over 50% of the total time to phloem ingestion from the sieve elements. Total time allocated to E1 in the experiment, time to first E1 within the experiment, time allocated to E1 before a sustained phloem ingestion (E2) and the contribution of sieve element salivation to the phloem phase (E1/[E1+E2]) were significantly higher in the high-Hx cultivar. The increased salivation in plants with higher contents of Hx suggests the existence, at least in this system, of a chemically-mediated sieve element constraint.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003628703035
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature Effects on Soil Mineralization of Polylactic Acid Plastic in Laboratory Respirometers (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of polymers and the environment 7 (1999), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8900
    Keywords: Polylactic acid ; temperature ; respirometers ; soil degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A respirometric system was used to analyze the biodegradation of high molecular weight (120,000 to 200,000 g mol−1) polylactic acid (PLA) plastic films in soil under laboratory conditions. The respirometric system consisted of air-conditioning pretraps, a soil reactor, and a carbon dioxide (CO2) posttrap. A 200-g homogeneous soil mixture of all-purpose potting soil : manure soil : sand [1 : 1 : 1 (w/w)] and 1.5 g of PLA plastic films in 1 × 1-cm2 squares was added to each bottle. The respirometers were placed in a 28, 40, or 55°C water bath for 182 days. Treatments (three replicates) included native corn starch (positive control), polyethylene (Glad Cling Wrap; negative control), and three PLA films: Ca-I (Cargill Dow Polymers LLC, monolayer), GII (Cargill Dow Polymers LLC, Generation II), and Ch-I (Chronopol; monolayer). The degree of polymer mineralization was indicated by the cumulative CO2 liberated from each respirometer. The initial average mineralization rate and total percentage mineralized of the PLA plastic films at 28, 40, and 55°C was 24.3, 41.5, and 76.9 mg/day with a 27, 45, and 70% carbon loss, respectively. No decrease in soil pH was observed after 182 days of mineralization. Hence, increase in soil temperature drastically enhanced the biodegradation of PLA plastic films in soil under laboratory conditions (P 〈 0.0001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021812418325
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on performanceof LaNi4.76Sn0.24 metal hydride electrode’ (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 1328-1332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: metal hydride ; capacity ; temperature ; performance ; enthalpy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of temperature on the performance of a LaNi4.76Sn0.24 metal hydride electrode was investigated in the temperature range of 0 to 50°C. The electrode showed a maximum discharge capacity at 25°C. The total resistance increases with a decrease of temperature from 50°C to 0°C. The apparent activation enthalpies at different states of charge were determined by evaluating the polarization resistance at different temperatures. It was found that the apparent activation enthalpy is an indicator of the relative reaction rate of the charge-transfer reaction and hydrogen absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018460709968
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Polylactic Acid Plastic Degradation (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of polymers and the environment 7 (1999), S. 83-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8900
    Keywords: Polylactic acid ; temperature ; relative humidity ; degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Three high molecular weight (120,000 to 200,000 g mol−1) polylactic acid (PLA) plastic films from Chronopol (Ch-I) and Cargill Dow Polymers (GII and Ca-I) were analyzed for their degradation under various temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions. Two sets of plastic films, each containing 11 samples, were randomly hung in a temperature/humidity-controlled chamber by means of plastic-coated paper clips. The tested conditions were 28, 40, and 55°C at 50 and 100% RH, respectively, and 55°C at 10% RH. The three tested PLA films started to lose their tensile properties when their weight-average molecular weight (M w) was in the range of 50,000 to 75,000 g mol−1. The average degradation rate of Ch-I, GII, and Ca-I was 28,931, 27,361, and 63,025 M w/week, respectively. Hence, GII had a faster degradation rate than Ch-I and Ca-I under all tested conditions. The degradation rate of PLA plastics was enhanced by the increase in temperature and relative humidity. This trend was observed in all three PLA plastics (Ca-I, GII, and Ch-I). Of the three tested films, Ch-I was the first to lose its mechanical properties, whereas Ca-I demonstrated the slowest loss, with mechanical properties under all tested conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021808317416
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical synthesis of cupric oxide powder Part II: Process conditions (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: cupric oxide ; powder ; current density ; temperature ; sodium sulfate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electrosynthesis of cupric oxide powder was carried out on a laboratory scale in an electrochemical cell under various experimental conditions. The electrolysis was appraised in terms of the particle size of the cupric oxide product and the anodic dissolution of the copper electrode. Using a previously determined pH value of 7.50, the other optimum electrolysis operating conditions established were a current density of 4000Am−2, temperature of 353K, and Na2SO4 concentration of 0.5m. The optimum values of current efficiency, cell voltage and specific energy consumption for the electrochemical synthesis of cupric oxide powder were determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003464914657
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfate solubility algorithms for CaSO4–NaCl–H2O and Na2SO4–NaCl–H2O in chlor alkali brine at 25, 65, 75 and 85 ∘C (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 525-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: brine ; chlor-alkali cells ; solubility ; sulfate ions ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026405806916
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excess volumes of binary mixtures of ethylbenzene with octanol, nonanol and dodecanol from 50 to 100°C and 0.1 to 7.5 MPa (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 24 (1995), S. 153-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Densities ; excess volume ; pressure ; temperature ; ethylbenzene ; octanol ; nonanol ; dodecanol ; order creation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The excess volume V E of binary mixtures of octanol, nonanol and dodecanol in ethylbenzene have been calculated from the densities measured with a vibrating tube densimeter at temperatures from 50 to 100 °C and at pressures from 0.1 to 7.5 MPa. The values of V E are positive for all the three mixtures in the complete temperature, pressure and mole fraction ranges studied. The maxima in V E is observed at 0.4 mole fraction of alkanol. The results are discussed in terms of specific interactions present in the binary mixtures. The second order thermodynamic quantities (∂V E /∂T)p,(∂V E /∂P)T and (∂V E /∂P)T which have been derived from the effect of temperature and pressure on V E , indicate an overall net creation of order in the binary mixtures of ethylbenzene with higher homologues of alkanols.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00972839
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductances of aqueous sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate from 0 to 450°C and pressures to 250 MPa (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 24 (1995), S. 753-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductivity ; sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate ; ion association ; temperature ; pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The electrical conductances of dilute (0.001 to 0.1 mol-kg−1) aqueous sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaCF3SO3) solutions have been measured from 0 to 450°C and pressures to 250 MPa. The limiting molar conductance $$\Lambda _0 $$ increases with increasing temperature from 0 to 300°C and decreasing density from 0.8 to 0.3 g-cm−3. Above 300°C, $$\Lambda _0 $$ is nearly temperature independent, but increases linearly with decreasing density. The logarithm of the molal association constant of NaCF3SO3 calculated at temperatures from 372 to 450°C is represented as a function of temperature (Kelvin) and density of water (g-cm−3) by $$\log K_m = 0.888 - 330.4/T - (12.83 - 5349/T)\log \rho _w $$ The relative strengths of NaCF3SO3 and NaCl are similar within the accuracy of the current measurements over the limited range of temperature and pressure that could be investigated here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01131043
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low ambient temperature decreases cadmium accumulation in the liver and kidneys of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) (1996)
    Springer
    BioMetals 9 (1996), S. 363-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: cadmium ; copper ; iron ; photoperiod ; temperature ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The importance of photoperiod and ambient temperature on the accumulation of cadmium in the liver and kidneys of bank voles was determined in the present study. Males and females, aged 1 month, were given 3.0 μg Cd ml−1 drinking water and divided into four groups according to photoperiod (16 h light/8 h dark and 8 h light/16 h dark) and ambient temperature (20 or 5°C); liver and kidneys were removed for cadmium as well as copper, iron and zinc analyses at the end of 6 weeks. Bank voles exposed to 5°C in both photoperiods consumed approximately 30% less water containing cadmium than those kept at 20°C. However, the total accumulation of cadmium in the liver and kidneys of males and females exposed to the low temperatures was 4.3–4.8 and 2.2–3.3 times less than that in animals maintained at room temperature in the long and short photoperiod, respectively. Simultaneously, the low temperature brought about an increase in the copper concentrations in the liver (12–43%) and kidneys (47–78%), giving rise to an inverse correlation between the cadmium accumulation and the tissue copper concentration. In contrast to cadmium and copper, the concentrations of iron and zinc were affected primarily by photoperiod. These findings indicate that ambient temperature is an important determinant of cadmium retention in the bank vole. It appears that low temperature decreases tissue cadmium accumulation not only by reducing cadmium intake but also through changes in copper metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00140605
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Taxonomy of Evolutionary Algorithms in Combinatorial Optimization (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of heuristics 5 (1999), S. 145-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9397
    Keywords: evolutionary algorithms ; genetic algorithms ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper shows how evolutionary algorithms can be described in a concise, yet comprehensive and accurate way. A classification scheme is introduced and presented in a tabular form called TEA (Table of Evolutionary Algorithms). It distinguishes between different classes of evolutionary algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithms, ant systems) by enumerating the fundamental ingredients of each of these algorithms. At the end, possible uses of the TEA are illustrated on classical evolutionary algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009625526657
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voltammetric Analysis of Iodide and Diffusion Coefficients Between 25 and 85°C (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 27 (1998), S. 373-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Iodide ; voltammetry ; diffusion coefficients ; temperature ; Stokes–Einstein equation ; solvation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation wave of iodide in 0.075 mol-L−1 H2SO4 was analyzed at 25, 40, 55, 70, and 85°C. The reversibility of the I2/I− system was checked using logarithmic transforms, half-wave potentials, and by studying I −1 = f(ω−1/2). The limiting currents obtained enabled us to determine the diffusion coefficient of I− using Newman's equation. These experimental results were compared with Nernst's limiting values. The Stokes–Einstein equation is not verified. Hydration numbers for I− at different temperatures were established. An empirical equation is proposed to predict the evolution of diffusion coefficients in a sulfuric acid medium with temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022679716395
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion association of dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions to 600°C and 300 MPa by conductance measurements (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 25 (1996), S. 711-729 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductivity ; aqueous ; sodium hydroxide ; ion association ; temperature ; pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The limiting molar conductances Λ0 and ion association constants of dilute aqueous NaOH solutions (〈0.01 mol-kg−1) were determined by electrical conductance measurements at temperatures from 100 to 600°C and pressures up to 300 MPa. The limiting molar conductances of NaOH(aq) were found to increase with increasing temperature up to 300°C and with decreasing water density ρw. At temperatures ≥400°C, and densities between 0.6 to 0.8 g-cm−3, Λ0 is nearly temperature-independent but increases linearly with decreasing density, and then decreases at densities 〈0.6 g-cm−3. This phenomenon is largely due to the breakdown of the hydrogen-bonded, structure of water. The molal association constants K Am for NaOH( aq ) increase with increasing temperature and decreasing density. The logarithm of the molal association constant can be represented as a function of temperature (Kelvin) and the logarithm of the density of water by $$\begin{gathered} log K_{Am} = 2.477 - 951.53/T - (9.307 \hfill \\ - 3482.8/T)log \rho _{w } (25 - 600^\circ C) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ which includes selected data taken from the literature, or by $$\begin{gathered} log K_{Am} = 1.648 - 370.31/T - (13.215 \hfill \\ - 6300.5/T)log \rho _{w } (400 - 600^\circ C) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ which is based solely on results from the present study over this temperature range (and to 300 MPa) where the measurements are most precise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00973780
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of chronic heat stress on cortisol levels in the antarctic fishPagothenia borchgrevinki (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 768-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Cortisol ; stress ; heat ; Antarctic ; fish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radioimmunoassay was used to determine levels of the stress-inducible glucocorticoid, cortisol, circulating in the plasma of the extremely stenothermal Antarctic fishPagothenia borchgrevinki at rest and after heat stress. Fish sampled immediately after capture (−1.9°C) had low cortisol levels (10.4±1.4 ng ml−1, mean±SEM) as did fish which were laboratory rested for 3 days. Sudden exposure to 5°C (48h) resulted in a peak cortisol value after 3 h (69.9±6.8 ng ml−1) whereas exposure to 8°C (6h) resulted in a peak value after 1 h (73.5±8.0 ng ml−1). At both temperatures levels remained significantly elevated (p〈0.05) for the entire period of exposure. Increased temperature also resulted in a significant change in haemoglobin, haematocrit and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (p〈0.05). Plasma lactate was significantly elevated only after exposure to 8°C (p〈0.05). Plasma cortisol levels fromP. borchgrevinki are reported here for the first time and show this cryopelagic Antarctic species to have an unusual hormonal stress profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922428
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root respiratory quotient and nitrate uptake in hydroponically grown non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 9 (1999), S. 57-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Glomus mosseae ; Hydroponics ; Nitrate uptake ; Root respiration ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Oxygen and CO2 fluxes were measured in hydroponically grown mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Triticum aestivum L. cv. Hano roots. The NO3 – uptake of the plants was used to estimate the amount of root respiration attributable to ion uptake. Plants were grown at 4 mM N and 10 μM P, where a total and viable mycorrhizal root colonisation of 48% and 18%, respectively, by Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe (BEG 107) was observed. The O2 consumption and NO3 – uptake rates were similar and the CO2 release was higher in mycorrhizal than in non-mycorrhizal wheat. This resulted in a significantly higher respiratory quotient (RQ, mol CO2 mol–1 O2) in mycorrhizal (1.27±0.13) than in non-mycorrhizal (0.79±0.05) wheat. As the biomass and N and P concentrations in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal wheat were the same, the higher RQ resulted from the mycorrhizal colonisation and not differences in nutrition per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050263
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of 15N-labelled ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate with soil N during growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field conditions (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 20 (1995), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: 15N-labelled fertilizer ; Added N interaction Fertilizer N uptake ; Soil N uptake ; Wheat ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of 15N-labelled ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate on yield and uptake of labelled and unlabelled N by wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Mexi-Pak-65) were studied in a field experiment. The dry matter and N yields were significantly increased with fertilizer N application compared to those from unfertilized soil. The wheat crop used 64.0–74.8%, 61.5–64.7% and 61.7–63.4% of the N from ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate, respectively. The fertilizer N uptake showed that ammonium nitrate was a more available source of N for wheat than urea and ammonium sulphate. The effective use of fertilizer N (ratio of fertilizer N in grain to fertilizer N in whole plant) was statistically similar for the three N fertilizers. The application of fertilizer N increased the uptake of unlabelled soil N by wheat, a result attributed to a positive added N interaction, which varied with the method of application of fertilizer N. Ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate gave 59.3%, 42.8% and 26.3% more added N interaction, respectively, when applied by the broadcast/worked-in method than with band placement. A highly significant correlation between soil N and grain yield, dry matter and added N interaction showed that soil N was more important than fertilizer N in wheat production. A values were not significantly correlated with added N interaction (r=0.719). The observed added N interaction may have been the result of pool substitution, whereby added labelled fertilizer N stood proxy for unlabelled soil N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336556
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of CO2 evolution in grey forest soil of the Baikal forest-steppe (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 327-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: CO2 emission ; Field method ; Soil respiration ; Triticum aestivum ; Soil moisture ; Carbon reservoirs ; Greenhouse effect ; Grey forest soil ; Mineralization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of the rate of CO2 evolution from soil in fallow and croplant under spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in a crop rotation in grey forest soil of the Baikal forest-steppe during the growing season and in different years. It was shown that the regional characteristics of soils and hydrothermal conditions in different years affect the rate of CO2 evolution in agroecosystems. The seasonal dynamics of CO2 is characterized by insignificant changes in the autumn to spring period and enhanced emission in hot and dry summers. CO2 evolution is assumed to increase due to enhanced mineralization and partial diffusion from the carbonate horizon at the depth of the seasonal frost. During the growing season the dynamics of CO2 evolution depends on the soil moisture regime. There was a strong correlation between the rate of CO2 emission and soil moisture in the particularly dry year of 1993 (η=0.86) and a moderate correlation in the other years (η=0.38–0.54). The effect of the previous crop and fertilizer application on the rate of CO2 emission was insignificant. In a continuous fallow the total carbon release into the atmosphere varied throughout the years studied from 558 to 1880 kg ha-1. Humus losses varied from 0.9% to 3.1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335962
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of CO2 evolution in grey forest soil of the Baikal forest-steppe (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 327-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words CO2 emission ; Field method ; Soil respiration ; Triticum aestivum ; Soil moisture ; Carbon reservoirs ; Greenhouse effect ; Grey forest soil ; Mineralization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of the rate of CO2 evolution from soil in fallow and cropland under spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in a crop rotation in grey forest soil of the Baikal forest-steppe during the growing season and in different years. It was shown that the regional characteristics of soils and hydrothermal conditions in different years affect the rate of CO2 evolution in agroecosystems. The seasonal dynamics of CO2 is characterized by insignificant changes in the autumn to spring period and enhanced emission in hot and dry summers. CO2 evolution is assumed to increase due to enhanced mineralization and partial diffusion from the carbonate horizon at the depth of the seasonal frost. During the growing season the dynamics of CO2 evolution depends on the soil moisture regime. There was a strong correlation between the rate of CO2 emission and soil moisture in the particularly dry year of 1993 (η=0.86) and a moderate correlation in the other years (η=0.38–0.54). The effect of the previous crop and fertilizer application on the rate of CO2 emission was insignificant. In a continuous fallow the total carbon release into the atmosphere varied throughout the years studied from 558 to 1880 kg ha–1. Humus losses varied from 0.9% to 3.1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335962
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus improves dry matter yield and nutrient uptake by wheat grown in a sandy soil (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms ; Mussoorie rock phosphate ; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae ; Triticum aestivum ; Nutrient-deficient soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The effect of inoculating wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with the PO4 3–-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) Bacillus circulans and Cladosporium herbarum and the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus sp. 88 with or without Mussoorie rock phosphate (MRP) amendment in a nutrient-deficient natural sandy soil was studied. In the sandy soil of low fertility root colonization by VAM fungi was low. Inoculation with Glomus sp. 88 improved root colonization. At maturity, grain and straw yields as well as N and P uptake improved significantly following inoculation with PSM or the VAM fungus. These increases were higher on combined inoculation of PSM and the VAM fungus with MRP amendment. In general, a larger population of PSM was maintained in the rhizosphere of wheat in treatments with VAM fungal inoculation and MRP amendment. The results suggest that combined inoculation with PSM and a VAM fungus along with MRP amendment can improve crop yields in nutrient-deficient soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050475
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gram-negative bacterial flora on the root surface of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown under different soil conditions (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; Rhizosphere ; Soil microflora ; Gram-negative bacteria ; API 20 NE ; Flavobacterium spp ; Cytophaga
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We identified 161 Gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from the root surface of wheat grown under different soil conditions. The strains were divided into seven groups based on major morphological and physiological properties. Taxonomic allocation of the groups was verified by guanine+cytosine contents of DNA. Except for one group, which may be assumed to include bacteria belonging to the genera Flavobacterium and Cytophaga, the various groups were taxonomically united. The distribution of the groups changed with soil improvement. Pseudomonads predominated in unimproved soil, but Flavobacterium and Cytophaga spp. were predominant in the most improved soil. As all the strains were non-fermentative by Hugh and Leifson's test, API 20NE identification was applied. However, many strains were misidentified by this system, especially in the Flavobacterium and Cytophaga spp. group. For ecological studies, the strains were classified to species level by the API 20 NE system and by the results of a combination of guanine+cytosine (mol%) and isoprenoid quinone data. The pattern of distribution of the bacteria on the root surface of wheat varied at species level within one genus depending on soil conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335955
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoelastic contact problem of two rotating bodies with frictional heat generation in annular region (1998)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 68 (1998), S. 128-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words frictional heating ; temperature ; contact pressure ; punch indentation ; thermoelasticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary An axisymmetric contact problem with frictional heating is considered in which a parabolic annular punch is pressed into a plane surface and rotates about its axis of symmetry at constant speed. The problem is formulated in terms of one governing equation with unknown pressure. This equation is solved numerically. The change of the geometry of the contact region and pressure has been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190050150
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of time-dependent speed on frictional heat generation and wear in transient axisymmetrical contact of sliding (1997)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 67 (1997), S. 331-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words frictional heating ; wear ; contact pressure ; temperature ; brake system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary A transient contact problem with frictional heating and wear for two nonuniform sliding half-spaces is considered. One of the two half-spaces is assumed to be slightly curved to give a Hertzian initial pressure distribution: the other is a rigid nonconductor. Under the assumption that the contact pressure distribution could be described by Hertz formulas during all the process of interaction, the problem is formulated in terms of one integral equation of Volterra type with unknown radius of contact area. A numerical solution of this equation is obtained using a piecewise-constant presentation of an unknown function. The influence of operating parameters on the contact temperature and the radius of the contact area is studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190050121
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific variation in sustained swimming ability of late pelagic stage reef fish from two families (Pomacentridae and Chaetodontidae) (1998)
    Springer
    Coral reefs 17 (1998), S. 111-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Keywords: Key words Dispersal ; coral reefs ; fish ; swimming ; Larvae ; Juveniles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Characteristics of the pelagic stages of reef fishes have generally been investigated at the family level, which may mask important differences among species. Here the variation in sustained swimming ability of the late pelagic stages is examined among species, within two families (Pomacentridae and Chaetodontidae). The pomacentrids displayed a 7.5-fold difference in sustained swimming ability across 24 species, while the chaetodontids displayed a 2-fold difference across 10 species. The variation within the Pomacentridae was not related to pelagic larval duration, post-settlement habitat or taxonomy. There was, however, a significant correlation between sustained swimming ability and total length (TL) of individuals (r=0.435, P〈0.0001). Differences in the mean distance swum by pomacentrid species, however, was most strongly related to differences in mean wet weight (r=0.814, P〈0.0001). When the mean distance swum by species was scaled with respect to mean TL there was still a strong correlation with mean wet weight (r=0.644, P〈0.005). Among chaetodontid individuals TL and sustained swimming ability were not correlated (r=−0.004, P=0.978). Furthermore, sustained swimming ability was not significantly related to the trans-oceanic distribution of species in either family. The variation in sustained swimming ability, however, may contribute to explanations of the observed levels of gene flow within populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003380050104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical comparison of methods for mercury determination in fish (1995)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 119 (1995), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: mercury ; fish ; collaborative study ; atomic absorption spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract One of the major analytical problem in the analysis of fish tissues for total mercury is the dissolution of the sample. This paper compares two different methods of wet digestion (microwave and closed pressurized vessel), followed by FIAAS as final determination and a Zeeman-solid-sample-AAS determination method without previous mineralization. Six fish samples were selected for this study. The top, the central and the bottom portions of the fish were analyzed separately. The mercury contents in the bottom portions determined by Zeeman-solid-sample-AAS were significantly higher than those obtained by the other two systems. A good correlation was observed among the results of the different techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244010
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of open and closed focussed microwave digestions in view of total mercury determination by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (1995)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 119 (1995), S. 199-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: microwave digestion ; fish ; mercury ; CVAAS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Food samples digestion, in view to quantify total mercury, is the first step to perform before measuring mercury by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). We have compared two microwave digestion systems, one working at atmospheric pressure (open system) and the other one under pressure (closed system). Results obtained for fish muscle samples by the two methods are in good agreement. However, fat is not digested in the open system, whereas in the closed system no more fat remains in the final solution. During the quantification step, applying the CVAAS technique, we have noticed that the choice and the concentration of the reductant solution is very important to obtain good results. Elaborated methods have been validated using certified reference materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243999
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of freshwater diatoms as quantitative indicators of past climatic change in the Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 13 (1995), S. 21-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: diatoms ; temperature ; climatic change ; paleoclimate proxies ; canonical correspondence analysis ; weighted-averaging ; Yukon ; Northwest Territories
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We identified, enumerated, and interpreted the diatom assemblages preserved in the surface sediments of 59 lakes located between Whitehorse in the Yukon and Tuktoyaktuk in the Northwest Territories (Canada). The lakes are distributed along a latitudinal gradient that includes several ecoclimatic zones. It also spans large gradients in limnological variables. Thus, the study lakes are ideal for environmental calibration of modern diatom assemblages. Canonical correspondence analysis, with forward selection and Monte Carlo permutation tests, showed that maximum lake depth and summer surface-water temperature were the two environmental variables that accounted for most of the variance in the diatom data. The concentrations of sodium and calcium were also important explanatory variables. Using weighted-averaging regression and calibration techniques, we developed a predictive statistical model to infer lake surface-water temperature, and we evaluated the feasibility of using diatoms as paleoclimate proxies. This model may be used to derive paleotemperature inferences from fossil diatom assemblages at appropriate sites in the western Canadian Arctic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00678109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sedimentation patterns of diatoms in Lake Holzmaar, Germany - (on the transfer of climate signals to biogenic silica oxygen isotope proxies) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 21 (1999), S. 437-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: diatoms ; temperature ; sediment traps ; seasonal succession ; resuspension ; Lake Holzmaar
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The seasonal sedimentation pattern of diatom valves in Lake Holzmaar was investigated during 1995 by deploying sediment traps at three different lake depths. According to the sedimentation pattern, the major reproduction zone of diatoms was restricted to the upper 6 m of the water body. The population growth started late in April and blooms of Cyclotella cf. comensis Grun., which dominates the plankton diatoms, and Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton were collected in traps during June and September, and July, respectively. During summer, the seasonal sedimentation pattern of each taxon, as collected in the upper traps, was reflected in the concentrations in the lowest trap. However, in May and from September onwards, the community composition in the lowest trap and augmented trapping rates suggest both sediment focusing and resuspension of bottom sediments. The temperature signals as recorded by δ18O values of diatom valves should, therefore, reflect integrated temperatures between 0 and 6 m depth. However, temperatures during summer and autumn are expected to be accentuated in the sedimentary record since the isotopic signal is weighted by both the number and the weight-mass of the valves. During summer, the transfer of these signals by the sedimenting diatoms retains the information pattern recorded, while in spring and autumn/winter additional influxes caused by resuspension may somewhat alter those temperature informations. The proxy signals finally stored in the sediments, may, therefore, not precisely represent the successive temperatures currently recorded during 1995 within mid-lake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008022532458
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The environmental history of a mountain lake (Lago Paione Superiore, Central Alps, Italy) for the last c. 100 years: a multidisciplinary, palaeolimnological study (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 15 (1996), S. 245-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: palaeolimnology ; acidification ; diatoms ; chrysophytes ; pigments ; chironomids ; temperature ; Alps ; Italy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A palaeoecological study of an oligotrophic alpine lake, Paione Superiore (Italy), provided a record of historical changes in water quality. Historical trends in lake acidification were reconstructed by means of calibration and regression equations from diatoms, chrysophycean scales and pigment ratios. The historical pH was inferred by using two different diatom calibration data sets, one specific to the alpine region. These pH trends, together with the record of sedimentary carbonaceous particles and chironomid remains, indicate a recent acidification of this low alkalinity lake. Concentration of total organic matter, organic carbon, nitrogen, biogenic silica (BSiO2), chlorophyll derivatives (CD), fucoxanthin, diatom cell concentration and number of chironomid head capsules increased during the last 2–3 decades. When expressed as accumulation rates, most of these parameters tended to decrease from the past century to c. 1950, then all except P increased to the present day. A marked increase in sedimentary nitrogen may be related to atmospheric pollution and to the general increases in output of N in Europe. High C/N ratios indicate a prevailing allochthonous source of organic matter. Finally, the increase in measured air temperature from the mid-1800's appeared to be related to lake water pH before industrialization: cold periods generally led to lower pH and vice-versa. The more recent phenomenon of anthropogenic acidification has apparently decoupled this climatic-water chemistry relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213044
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identity of Fusarium nygamai isolates with long and short microconidial chains from millet, sorghum and soil in Africa (1997)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 140 (1997), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Africa ; Fusarium ; F. moniliforme ; grain ; Lesotho ; mating population ; Nigeria ; taxonomy ; Zimbabwe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several Fusarium species have been found associated with millet and sorghum in Nigeria, Lesotho and Zimbabwe. Amongst these, some isolates were originally identified as short- and long-chained types of F. nygamai. However, there was some question as to the correct identification of the long chained types. This study reclassified some of the isolates with long microconidial chains as F. moniliforme. Morphologically, these strains do not produce chlamydospores like F. nygamai, but produce swollen hyphal cells or resistant hyphae. The isolates in this study were crossed with the mating-type tester strains of Gibberella fujikuroi (F. moniliforme and G. nygamai (F. nygamai). Of the isolates with long chains of microconidia and other characteristics of F. moniliforme, 36% crossed with mating population ''A'' of G. fujikuroi. Of the isolates with characteristics of F. nygamai, 65% crossed with the testers used to produce the teleomorph of F. nygamai. Mating tests support the separation of the sample population into F. moniliforme and F. nygamai. The results of this study show that genetics can be an aid in resolving some problems in fungal taxonomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006863825469
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of environmental conditions and inoculum density on infection of guava fruits by Colletotrichum glososporioides (1997)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 137 (1997), S. 165-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Anthracnose ; guava ; Colletotrichum glososporioides ; temperature ; free moisture ; inoculum density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of environmental factors (temperature and humidity), inoculum density on infection by Colletotrichum glososporioides and development of anthracnose lesions were determined on uninjured, sand-injured and punctured fruits. The optical temperature for severe infection was 30 °C, whereas the disease incidence was less at 20 and 35 °C. Inoculated guavas that received 1–60 h of continuous free moisture developed lesions, but the disease was minimal (0–7%) after 1–6 h free moisture. Infection rates of uninjured, sand-injured and punctured fruits receiving 60 h of free moisture were 34, 70 and 100%, respectively. Disease incidence increased as inoculum density increased from 101 to 106 conidia/ml. In field conditions, the development of anthracnose lesions was greater on punctured guavas than on uninjured or sand-injured ones, in both rainy and winter seasons. In general, the number of lesions was highest in sand-injured fruits, followed by punctured and uninjured fruits. In rainy season the number of lesions on injured and uninjured fruits was greater than similarly treated guavas in winter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006842801828
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on antagonistic and biocontrol potential of shape Trichoderma sp. on Sclerotium rolfsii (1997)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 139 (1997), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Antagonism ; biocontrol ; ginger ; postharvest rot ; Sclerotium rolfsii ; Trichoderma ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sclerotium rolfsii is a destructive soil-borne and postharvest plant pathogen. Use of the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma sp. has been earlier reported by us to successfully control this pathogen under postharvest conditions. In the present paper we report on the effects of temperature on the growth and biocontrol potential of Trichoderma sp. on S. rolfsii. Experimental results indicated that S. rolfsii and Trichoderma sp. have different temperature optima for growth: 30–35 °C for the pathogen and 25–30 °C for the antagonist. In dual culture, Trichoderma overgrew S. rolfsii at 25 °C and 30 °C, but at 35 °C and 37 °C, S. rolfsii overgrew the colony of Trichoderma. Trichoderma produced higher concentration of fungitoxic metabolites in broth culture at higher temperatures. In bioassays using ginger slices and whole rhizomes, it has been demonstrated that Trichoderma is not very effective in suppressing S. rolfsii at temperatures above 30 °C. In light of these results, possible mechanisms of biocontrol of S. rolfsii as a postharvest pathogen has been discussed. Storage temperature has been suggested as a critical factor in biocontrol of S. rolfsii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006868009184
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fungi associated with post-harvest rot of black plum (Vitex doniana) in Nigeria (1996)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 136 (1996), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Fungi ; post-harvest rot ; relative humidity ; temperature ; Vitex doniana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The fungi associated with rot of Vitex doniana fruits (blackplum) were isolated and identified. Aspergillus niger, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Candida spp. Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Fusarium pallidoroseum F. oxysporum and Mucor mucedo were the primary rot causing fungi in contrast to Cladosporium herbarum and Mucor circinelloides which were just present as secondary colonizers. The rot fungi penetrated mainly through wounds and bruises on the surface of fruits. Mature green fruits were less susceptible to infection than half ripe and fully ripened red fruits. Optimum rot by pathogenic isolates occurred at 25–30 °C and relative humidity 72.5–100%. The results of investigation of influence of storage temperatures and relative humidity on the quality of uninoculated healthy fruits are presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437504
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environment factors influence in vitro interspecific interactions between A. ochraceus and other maize spoilage fungi, growth and ochratoxin production (1999)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 146 (1999), S. 43-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: interspecific interactions ; ochratoxin ; Aspergillus ochraceus ; spoilage fungi ; water relations ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of water availability (water activity,aw; 0.995–0.90) and temperature (18–30 °) on in vitro interactions between an ochratoxin producing strain of Aspergillus ochraceus and six other spoilage fungi was assessed in dual culture experiments on a maize meal-based agar medium. Inprimary resource capture of nutrient substrate, A. ochraceus was dominant against many of the interacting species, being able to overgrow and replace A. candidus, and sometimes A. flavus and the Eurotium spp. regardless of aw or temperature. However, with freely available water (0.995 aw) A. alternata and A. niger were dominant, with mutual antagonism between A. ochraceus and A. flavus at 25–30 °C. In the driest conditions tested (0.90 aw) there was also mutual antagonism between A. ochraceus and the two Eurotium spp. Overall, under allconditions tested the Index of Dominance for A. ochraceus was much higher than for other competing species combined suggesting that A. ochraceus wasa good competitive colonist able to replace a numberof other species. However, the growth rate ofA. ochraceus was modified and decreased by the interaction with competitors. Interaction between A. ochraceus and species such as A. alternata (18°C/0.995) and Eurotium spp. (0.995–0.95 and 25–30 °C) resulted in a significant stimulation of ochratoxin production. Theresults are discussed in relation to the effect that environmental factors have on the possible competitiveness of A. ochraceus in the maizegrain ecosystem and the role of ochratoxin in nicheexclusion of competitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007003316562
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorus supplying capacity of heavily fertilized soils II. Dry matter yield of successive crops and phosphorus uptake at different temperatures (1996)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 47 (1996), S. 123-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: heavily fertilized soils ; P supplying capacity ; P uptake ; residual P ; soil test methods ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nine heavily fertilized soils were collected from southern and central Norway. A greenhouse experiment in the phytotron was conducted to evaluate the P supplying capacities of these soils at different temperatures (9, 12 and 18 °C). The crops were grown in succession and the sequence was oat, rye grass (cut twice), oat, rape and oat. Effect of temperature on dry matter (DM) yield and P uptake was more marked up to the fourth crop but the effect varied among crops. The DM yields of oat and rape increased with increasing temperature but the opposite was the case with rye grass. The yield differences among soils at 12 °C were highly significant (p 〈 0.01) in contrast to 9 and 18 °C. The amount of P taken up by plants in these soils was highest at 18. °C. The P supplying capacity was highest in the soils with higher content of organic P. Generally, the soils of very fine and coarse texture classes failed to supply enough P to crops to avoid P deficiency in the successive crops. Soil P test (P-NH4-lactate) values in most of the soils increased with increasing temperatures. The highest temperature effect was seen in the Særheim sand soil. Soil P test extractants P-AL, Bray-1 and Colwell-P were used to determine P in the soil after each harvest and the soil P test values were compared with P uptake by crops. Only the P-AL extractant was significantly correlated to cumulative P removal (CPR) by plants in most of the soils. Regression equation was calculated for each soil. The value of removed P per harvest (RPH) varied from 10.33 to 20.87 mg P kg−1 soil. Phosphorus drawdown slope was determined for each soil and the number of consecutive harvests necessary to reduce the P-AL value to a normal level (110 mg P kg−1 soil) was calculated. The drawdown slope varied widely (1.257–2.801) and this reflected the P buffer capacity and the number of crops required to lower the soil test P value to a normal level. The highest drawdown slope was found in the soils with higher P supplying capacities. The Bray-1 extractant was significantly correlated in the soils with higher buffer capacity but the Colwell-P method did not show significant correlation in any of the soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01991544
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature on nutrient release from slow-release fertilizers (1996)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 46 (1996), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: electrical conductivity ; leaching ; nitrogen ; pH ; phosphorus ; potassium ; release pattern ; slow-release fertilizers ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We studied the effect of temperature on the release of N, P, and K from slow-release fertilizers (SRF). The study was conducted in micro-lysimeters filled with moist peat medium. Increasing the temperature from 4 to 12°C slightly increased N release from three different slow-release N (SRN) carriers with different particle sizes and coating thicknesses. At 21°C the rate of release was significantly different than the other two temperatures. Urea formaldehyde (UF), sulphur coated urea (SCU) and coated calcium nitrate (CCN), incubated in sphagnum moss peat, released between 3 and 20% of the applied N in six weeks. For eight synthetic and organic NPK carriers, the release pattern was similar to UF and SCU. However, the leaching losses of N from the NPK fertilizers were up to twenty times more than for the SRN products. Except for Osmocote® and Duna, which released 30–40% of the applied N as mineral-N within six weeks, all other slow-release and slowly mineralized NPK carriers acted like readily water-soluble compound NPK. Temperature did not affect the nutrient release from NPK fertilizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420552
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparing responses of grain legumes, wheat and canola to applications of superphosphate (1999)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 53 (1999), S. 157-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Cicer arietinum ; current P ; Lens culinaris ; Lupinus albus ; Lupinus angustifolius ; P concentration response ; P content response ; Pisum sativum ; previous P ; sigmoid response ; single superphosphate ; Triticum aestivum ; Vicia faba ; yield response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Phosphorus (P) is a major deficiency of soils of south-western Australia (WA). The fertilizer P requirements are not known for grain legumes being evaluated for neutral to alkaline, fine textured soils in WA. To rectify this, glasshouse and field experiments were undertaken to compare the responses of several grain legume species, wheat and canola to applications of single superphosphate and the results are reported in this paper. The glasshouse experiments measured responses of dried tops, harvested at 26 to 42 days after sowing, to P that was freshly-applied (current P) and previously-applied (previous P). Responses in the glasshouse were measured using yield, P concentration and P content (P concentration multiplied by yield) of oven dried tops of the following: wheat (Triticum aestivum), canola (Brassica napus), faba bean (Vicia faba), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), lentil (Lens culinaris), field pea (Pisum sativum), albus lupin (Lupinus albus) and narrow leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius). Field experiments in 1994 and 1995 compared seed (grain) yield responses of faba bean, chickpea, lentil, albus lupin and wheat to applications of current P. The P was banded (drilled) with the seed while sowing at 5 cm depth. Canola and wheat produced very large yield responses to increasing applications of current P. Responses were much smaller for albus lupin, faba bean and chickpea. Responses for lentil, narrow leaf lupin and field pea, fell in between responses of the small and large seeded species. Similar trends for responses were obtained as measured using yield, P concentration, or P content. For soils treated with previous P, similar trends were observed as for current P, but differences in yield responses between species were much less marked and the response curves tended to become more sigmoid. In the field experiments, grain yield responses to current P of albus lupin and chickpea were less than that for wheat. Relative to wheat, faba bean was the most responsive grain legume to applications of current P, with lentil producing similar responses to wheat in one experiment at a newly cleared, P deficient site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009798506480
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soils in warm climates (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 42 (1995), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: nitrous oxide ; tropical soils ; agriculture ; N availability ; temperature ; soil water content
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract N2O emission rates seem to be higher from soils in warm climates than from soils in temperate climates. Warm and moist conditions promote microbial processes that generate N2O. Clearance of tropical forests enhances N2O formation, but emission measurements from other agricultural operations in the tropics are few. Limiting fertilizer application to recommended rates applied at appropriate times and avoiding fallow land wherever practical serves to limit N2O emissions. More specific advice for agriculture in warm climates requires further studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750510
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incubating superphosphate in ‘dry’soil can reduce its effectiveness (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 44 (1995), S. 205-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Incubation of phosphorus in soil ; relative effectiveness ; superphosphate ; ×Triticosecale ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Single superphosphate was incubated for six months at 25°C in soil which had been subject to one of three moisture treatments. These were: dried in a glasshouse, dried at a constant temperature of 25°C, or moist soil. Phosphorus (P) effectiveness was then compared with effectiveness of P from freshly-applied superphosphate using yields of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and triticale (×Triticosecale) tops in pot experiments. Incubation in soil which had been dried at 25°C did not decrease the effectiveness of the P. Incubation in moist soil decreased it to about 20% of the effectiveness of freshly-applied P in one case and to about 50% in the other case. Incubation in soil which had been dried in a glasshouse also decreased its effectiveness. The decrease varied with conditions, but in two cases the P was 70% as effective as freshly-applied P, and in one case only 45% as effective. Presumably sufficient moisture was present in the soil dried in the glasshouse to enable water-soluble P present in the fertilizer to react with the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750927
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and solar radiation interactions on the survival of quiescent conidia of the entomopathogenic hyphomycetePaecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown and Smith (1996)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 135 (1996), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Entomopathogenic hyphomycete ; Paecilomyces fumosoroseus ; inoculum persistence ; solar radiation ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The detrimental effect of solar radiation on the survival of conidia of the entomopathogenic fungusPaecilomyces fumoroseus was studied by monitoring germinability and ability to form colonies (CFU) of conidia irradiated at two temperatures, 25 and 35 °C, harmless to shaded conidia. There was no apparent effect when spores were exposed to a high level of artificial radiation (0.66 W m−2 UVB). However, at a lower level of irradiance (0.33 W m−2), effects of radiation occurred more quickly at 35 °C than at 25 °C. Under natural solar radiation, the rate of decrease in germinability or viability was doubled at 35 °C as compared to 25 °C, indicating an interaction between temperature and radiation effects under natural conditions. This interaction was not detected in indoor experiments, indicating that the spectral distribution of UV radiation has to be taken in account as well as its irradiance when studying its effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00632338
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dependence of transport properties ofin situ rocks on pore fluid composition and temperature (1996)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 17 (1996), S. 289-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Keywords: Effective properties ; pore fluids ; cracked rock ; permeability ; stress ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fluids saturating cracked rocks within the crust can vary widely in composition and physical properties, which depend greatly on pressure and temperature. External non-hydrostatic stress applied to a cracked medium may result in a significant change of crack volume (and hence, for the undrained regime, pore-fluid pressure) due to the processes of crack closure (opening), and thus lead to a drastic change of the overall physical parameters of a rock. The purpose of the study is to estimate theoretically, using the effective-medium theory, the macroscopic seismic and transport parameters (such as permeability) of cracked rocks (granites) saturated with hydrocarbon gases, oils, brines and water. Variations of crack geometry and fluid parameters in the closed system (at constant fluid mass) under uniaxial compression are considered as well. The results show that composition of a saturating fluid as well as fluid temperature greatly influence the effective permeability and shear velocities of a rock mass, while thermal conductivity is not so sensitive to variations of fluid parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01904045
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Powdered elemental sulphur: oxidation rate, temperature dependence and modelling (1996)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 47 (1996), S. 19-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: elemental sulphur ; model ; oxidation rate ; particle size distribution ; soil ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Finely-powdered elemental sulphur is a useful source of fertilizer S, being readily oxidizable in soil to plant-available sulphate yet possessing some slow release characteristics. Two mesh sizes were evaluated using four soils from northeast Scotland. Particle size analysis found that the 120 and 300 mesh S samples had specific surface areas of 1300 and 1940 cm2 g−1, respectively, with most of the surface area in particles of 10 – 20 µm diameter. The S oxidation rate was similar in all four soils but was greater for the 300 mesh than for the 120 mesh S: mean values of 51% and 18% were oxidized over 7 weeks at 14 °C, respectively. The time course of oxidation followed a sigmoidal pattern with a pronounced lag which was modelled using the logistic equation. Maximum specific oxidation rates were 11–28 µg S cm−2 day−2 for the 300 mesh S at 14 °C. These were significantly slower at 7 °C and the temperature response was calculated as a Q10 of 4.0. A model of seasonal S oxidation was developed using a cosine function for the annual temperature, the Arrhenius equation to relate S oxidation rate to temperature and a generalization of the logistic equation to describe the time course of S oxidation. Simulations showed that the 300 mesh S would be useful for spring S applications in east Scotland and if applied in autumn could supply S during the autumn and again in the spring. The 120 mesh S would be less effective in autumn but more resistant to winter leaching. The 120 mesh S applied to the warmer soils of southwest England would behave the same as 300 mesh S applied in east Scotland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01985715
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Candida novakii, sp. nov. a new anamorphic yeast species of ascomycetous affinity (1997)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 71 (1997), S. 375-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Candida novakii ; taxonomy ; yeasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two strains of an undescribed species of the genus Candida were isolated from decaying wood of Quercus sp. A description of the new species Candida novakii is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000238205640
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verrucomicrobia div. nov., a new division of the Bacteria containing three new species of Prosthecobacter (1997)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 72 (1997), S. 29-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: phylogeny ; prosthecobacter ; taxonomy ; Verrucomicrobia ; Verrucomicrobiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four strains of nonmotile, prosthecate bacteria were isolated in the 1970s and assigned to the genus Prosthecobacter. These strains were compared genotypically by DNA/DNA reassociation and 16S rDNA based phylogenetic analyses. Genotypic comparisons were complemented with phenotypic characterizations. Together, these studies clearly indicate each Prosthecobacter strain represents a novel species of bacteria. We propose three new species of Prosthecobacter, P. dejongeii strain FC1, P. vanneervenii strain FC2, and P. debontii strain FC3; P. fusiformis is reserved for the type strain of the genus, strain FC4. Additionally, we propose the genera Prosthecobacter and Verrucomicrobium, currently members of the order Verrucomicrobiales, to comprise a novel higher order taxonomic group, the division Verrucomicrobia div. nov. and the class Verrumicrobiae class nov. Many novel members of the Verrucomicrobia, as revealed by molecular ecology studies, await isolation and description.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000348616863
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on keratinophilic fungi. Ix: Neoarachnotheca gen. nov. and a new species of Nannizziopsis (1997)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 72 (1997), S. 149-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: keratinophilic fungi ; Neoarachnotheca ; Neoarachnotheca keratinophila ; Nannizziopsis tropicalis ; Onygenales ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Neoarachnotheca is proposed as a new genus of Onygenales. The outstanding generic characteristics are white, spherical ascomata with a wall formed by a network of hyphae and spherical, subhyaline ascospores with an irregular sheath. Nt. keratinophila, the type species, characterized by wavy peridial hyphae has been isolated from marine and river sediments and Myriodontium keratinophilum is its anamorph. Nannizziopsis tropicalis is proposed as a new species based on a strain isolated from soil in Burundi. RFLPs analysis of ITS and 5.8S rDNA support these proposals. The differences with related genera are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000394118040
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dipodascus capitatus, Dipodascus spicifer and Geotrichum clavatum: Genomic characterization (1998)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 74 (1998), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Dipodascus capitatus ; D.spicifer ; Geotrichum clavatum ; yeast ; taxonomy ; DNA heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The G+C contents of 25 strains of Dipodascus capitatus, Dipodascus spicifer and Geotrichum clavatum were found to be heterogeneous on basis of derivative graphs of the melting profiles. Strains showing similar derivative graphs of the melting curve exhibited high levels of DNA homology (80-100%); strains showing dissimilar derivative graphs exhibited low levels of DNA homology (5 to 45%). Being considered separate taxa on basis of these parameters, D. capitatus, D. spicifer and G. clavatum could be identified by a combination of the key characteristics growth on xylose, cellobiose, salicin and arbutin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001762024710
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diapause Induction and Termination in Eggs of the Fruit Tree Red Spider Mite Panonychus Ulmi in Northern Greece (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 23 (1999), S. 669-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Keywords: Panonychus ulmi ; dipause eggs ; overwintering ; dipause termination ; temperature ; photoperiod
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In apple orchards in northern Greece, females of Panonychus ulmi Koch were found to lay diapause eggs from late August to the beginning of October. The course of diapause termination in the field was determined by transferring diapause eggs during winter and early spring from apple orchards with the varieties ‘Starkinson’ and ‘Firiki’ to short days (LD 8:16) (1992–1996), and long days (LD 16:8) (1994–1995), both at 20 °C. Percentages of diapause termination were very low to zero from October to the beginning of January, then progressively increased throughout January and February. Diapause termination in 50% of the eggs occurred in the first half of February in lowland mite populations irrespective of the year and location from which the eggs originated, and about one month earlier in a population originating from an altitude of 300 m. For each sampling date throughout the winter, the mean number of days required for 50% egg hatch at 20 °C (T50%) was similar under either a long (LD 16:8) or a short (LD 8:16) photoperiod. Diapause eggs collected in October 1995 from two orchards and maintained at 0, 5, 10 and 15 °C for various periods were subsequently transferred to 20 °C and LD 8:16, where TP50% was determined. It was shown that temperature, duration of maintenance at the different temperatures and the orchard from which the eggs originated had a significant effect on T50% and therefore on diapause development. Additionally, in our strains diapause intensity was much weaker than in strains from more northern latitudes and was terminated even without any cold exposure. The variation in diapause intensity in different strains of P. ulmi may have an adaptive significance for this widespread species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006232821653
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on polaronic and bipolaronic structures of the adiabatic Holstein model (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 85 (1996), S. 471-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Electron-phonon interaction ; temperature ; polaron ; Holstein model ; bifurcation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is proved that the polaronic and bipolaronic structures found in the adiabatic Holstein model at large electron-phonon coupling by Aubry, Abramovici, and Raimbault survive under connection of the electrons to a low-temperature heat bath, uniformly in the size of the system. Bounds are computed for one-dimensional nearest neighbor chains, and some sample solutions are continued numerically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174215
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of Taxa in the Genus shape Beta using ITS1 Sequence Information (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 147-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: allele-specific PCR ; Beta ; ITS1 ; plant identification ; rDNA ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sequence variation in the ITS1 locus of the nuclear ribosomal DNA in beets has previously been used to reconstruct phylogeny of the species in the genus Beta. We have developed protocols that allow the identification of Beta taxa by use of taxon-specific primers. Beta sections, species and subspecies can be identified. Differences within the ITS1 region of a single base can be exploited for species identification. The results from this study not only provide effective methods for wild beet identification, but also indicate the potential use of the techniques in other crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007416817736
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The taxonomic impediment in orthopteran research and conservation (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect conservation 2 (1998), S. 151-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9753
    Keywords: Orthoptera ; biodiversity ; taxonomy ; conservation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract It is estimated that only 10–15% of the world's insect fauna has been described and named. Efforts to inventory insect biodiversity are hampered by this taxonomic impediment, which is compounded by the logistical problems of an insufficient taxonomic workforce and their remote location in museums thousands of miles from the areas of highest biodiversity. Compared to most other invertebrate groups however, the taxonomic impediment is relatively benign in the order Orthoptera. This is a small to medium-sized order (approximately 20 000 described species) which is well known taxonomically, owing to the group's agricultural importance worldwide. Furthermore, orthopteran taxonomists are now fortunate to have a published up-to-date catalogue of all known species, which has just become accessible as a regularly updated database on the World Wide Web. Whilst new information technology, in the form of e-mail networks, World Wide Web sites and CD-ROM information archives, is already enhancing communication between specialists and helping to reduce the logistical problems of documenting orthopteran biodiversity, a major reinvestment in basic taxonomic research is needed if we are to reduce the existing taxonomic impediment significantly. There is general agreement that an internationally coordinated approach will be necessary and priorities must be set to tackle the biodiversity/systematics crisis. In the future, the Orthoptera can make an important contribution to invertebrate faunal surveys and have potential as an indicator taxon. Furthermore, the Orthoptera Species File establishes a taxonomic framework which could be readily enlarged to include geographic data and phenology of species from existing museum specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009633811789
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estuarine reconnection of an impounded mangrove salt marsh in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida: short-term changes in fish fauna (1998)
    Springer
    Mangroves and salt marshes 2 (1998), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-977X
    Keywords: culverts ; culvert trap ; mosquito impoundment ; seine ; fish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fish population dynamics in a 24.3 ha mangrove-dominated mosquito impoundment in east-central Florida were examined by seining and culvert traps before and after installation of culverts that established estuarine connection for the first time in 39 years. In a 27-day period following the culvert opening, fish species increased from 9 to 21, while total number of fish in the impoundment decreased. Movement of fishes through culverts in both directions commenced immediately following culvert opening. Recruitment of transient species into the impoundment appeared to key on a single wind-driven high tide event. Such short-term events may be important cues for fish movement into and out of impounded salt marshes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009969708038
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological control of pigweeds (Amaranthus retroflexus, L. A. Powellii, S. Watson and A. bouchonii Thell.) with phytophagous insects, fungal pathogens and crop management (1997)
    Springer
    Integrated pest management reviews 2 (1997), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9745
    Keywords: Biological control ; insects ; pathogens ; germination ; taxonomy ; genetic variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pigweeds (Amaranthus spp.) are of economic importance worldwide. In Europe, Amaranthus retroflexus is one of the ten weed species of greatest economic importance. It is a serious problem weed in several field crops (e.g. maize), as well as in vegetables, orchards and grape vines. It is an annual spreading by seeds which have a long viabilityand are dispersed principally by wind and water, but also by machinery. There is great variability in seed germination which renders control with post-emergence herbicides difficult. In addition, triazine herbicide-resistant populations occur in ten European countries. The aim of this subproject of COST action 816 is to investigate the possibilities of classical and inundative biological control of Amaranthus spp., to characterize potentialbiological control agents and to develop methods for their integration with current phytosanitary measures in the target crops. The project was initiated with an extended literaturesurvey followed by field surveys for insects and pathogens associated with Amaranthus spp. in several European countries. Promising isolates of fungal pathogens have been tested ondetached leaves and whole plants, and initial studies on the application of pathogens causing damping off in seedlings have been made. Further, the variability of different provenances ofAmaranthus spp. in response to fungal attack has been investigated
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018480429706
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxonomy and the Personal Equation: The Historical Fates of Charles Girard and Louis Agassiz (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of the history of biology 32 (1999), S. 509-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0387
    Keywords: Louis Agassiz ; Spencer Baird ; Charles Girard ; reputation ; taxonomy ; ichthyology ; Museum of Comparative Zoology ; Smithsonian Institution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , History
    Notes: Abstract The reputations of scientists among their contemporaries depend not only on accomplishment, but also on interactions affected by influence and personality. The historical lore of most fields of scientific endeavor preserve these reputations, often through the identification of founders, innovators, and prolific workers whose contributions are considered fundamental to progress in the field. Historians frequently rely on the historical lore of scientists to guide their studies of the development of ideas, exhibiting justifiable caution in reassessing reputations in the light of current knowledge. However, the transmission of historical lore can obscure the relative importance of accomplishment, influence and personality in shaping contemporary reputations, leaving the historian to either accept reputations at face value or attempt to reconstruct the context in which they were created. The science of taxonomy, because of its rules of priority, leaves a relatively accurate record of historical accomplishment through the persistence of taxa in catalogues and faunal guides. These records allow the modern historian an unbiased means to assess the relative accomplishments of historical figures and therefore a means to critically reassess reputations independent of personality and influence. In the historical lore of North American ichthyology, Louis Agassiz at Harvard and Spencer Baird at the Smithsonian emerge as central figures in the early development of the field during the mid-1800s, contributing not only through the quality and quantity of their science, but also through their roles as institutional leaders and mentors to workers who followed. Charles Girard, originally a student of Agassiz's and later a coworker with Baird, receives little notice in the history of ichthyology, and his reputation is that of a minor player in the initial description of the North American fish fauna, and one whose work appears to have been flawed or even careless when compared to his contemporaries. However, a review of both contemporary and modern taxonomic works reveals that Girard's productivity far exceeded that of either Agassiz or Baird. Furthermore, an examination of the tendency of Girard and his contemporaries to introduce synonymous names into the literature, which might reflect careless or uncritical work, suggests that Girard was among the more accomplished workers of hisera, including Agassiz and Baird. Girard's low ranking in the folklore of North American ichthyology, therefore, can not be attributed to discernible shortcomings in his scientific work, but rather to a public and private campaign of criticism waged by Agassiz after Girard's departure from Harvard. While Agassiz's dispute with Girard stemmed from their personal interactions, he expressed them as criticisms of Girard's work, and thus helped shape Girard's scientific reputation as it has been transmitted through the lore of ichthyology. This case study reveals how scientific reputation may not always rest on accomplishment, but can be influenced by personal interactions obscured by time but nonetheless important to history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004784904703
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The growth of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) myosatellite cells in culture at two different temperatures (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 260-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Salmon ; satellite cells ; cell culture ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Temperature is known to affect fish growth, and in Atlantic salmon there is an influence on muscle cellularity. Primary muscle cell culture makes it possible to investigate direct effects of temperature on myogenic cells. Salmon myosatellite cells were cultured for the first time in this study. The cells were cultured at either 5°C or 11°C. Increased temperature led to an increase in differentiation rate and especially hypertrophic growth (Q10=4.0). No nuclear proliferation was evident in the satellite cell population isolated at either temperature. This may be due to the presence of different subpopulations of myogenic cells at different developmental ages or the presence of indirect factors in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01931109
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence and abundance of two trematode parasites,Diplostomum phoxini andMacrolecithus papilliger in European minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus) in an artificial Swiss Alpine lake (1995)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 57 (1995), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Phoxinus phoxinus ; fish ; Diplostomum phoxini ; Macrolecithus papilliger ; parasitism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of parasites on the breeding biology of the European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) was studied by examining 268 adult and 59 young-of-the-year minnows from an artificial Swiss Alpine lake for parasites during the breeding seasons in 1990 and 1991. Two trematode parasites;Diplostomum phoxini, in their brains, andMacrolecithus papilliger, in their guts, were found. The prevalence ofD. phoxini was 100% in both years. The mean abundance was 231 in 1990 and 448 in 1991; the difference was significant. Prevalence (and abundance) ofM. papilliger was 37.5% (1.04±0.39) in 1990 and 59.5% (2.68±0.55) in 1991; also significantly higher in 1991 than in 1990. No differences in prevalence or abundance between males and females were found. Numbers of both parasites were significantly correlated with fish length. There was seasonal variation in the abundance ofD. phoxini metacercariae, with a peak in June/July in both years. The prevalence ofM. papiller decreased after July in both years. Distribution of the two trematodes was overdispersed as indicated by the variance to mean (abundance) ratio. The observed seasonal variation inD. phoxini abundance also suggests that sublethal parasites could influence the population dynamics of their hosts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877380
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Divergent distributions of prey and predator, a fishing effect? (1995)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 57 (1995), S. 106-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Benthos ; fish ; vertical distribution ; predation risk ; selective fishing ; Lake Constance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To compare the vertical distributions of benthos and fish species of Upper Lake Constance (Bodensee), 552 benthos samples were taken with an Auerbach grab at four transects (10–250 m). An additional 54 samples (1–10 m) were collected elsewhere. Complementary data was taken from the literature. In winter, most fish feed on benthos, mainly chironomids, but in summer less than 5% do so. Formerly the bottom gill-netting aimed mainly at catchingCoregonus pidschian, but it now aims atPerca fluviatilis. Contrary to expectation, in winter the greatest abundance ofP. fluviatilis is much deeper (55 m) than that of its preferred food, i.e. chironomids (〈20 m). Comparably,C. pidschian also stayed deeper than its main food source (chironomids and mollusks).Lota lota, Salvelinus profundus andS. alpinus — unlike the unwanted cyprinids — also stay or stayed deeper than the attractive chironomids. It is argued that the fish reduce their “predation risk”, i.e. the risk of being gillnetted in the upper 50 m, by “selecting” the deeper less dangerous, but also less food-abundant habitat. Balancing predation risk against food abundance may have led to “survival of the deepest”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877379
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen patchiness in a lake (1995)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 57 (1995), S. 325-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Oxygen ; temperature ; patchiness ; microscale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The presence and extent of small scale vertical structure in dissolved oxygen were investigated in a tropical Australian lake. At a 9 m deep site an extremely high oxygen patch appeared near the bottom boundary. Light levels reaching the bottom boundary during the life of the patch exceeded 10 µEinst m−2 s−1. The patch remained for 1.5 h before gradually reaching ambient oxygen levels. The patch's disappearance coincided with decreasing light levels during the late afternoon. Differences in the extent of oxygen vertical patchiness between deep (16 m) and shallow (9 m) sites were also observed. At the deep site, the distribution of oxygen steps over the water column coincided largely with the distribution of temperature steps. This indicates the dominance of physical processes at that site. At the shallow site, marked vertical patchiness in oxygen was observed with no similar patchiness in temperature. This indicates the prevalence of biological and chemical processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878396
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel approach to the analysis of the initiation of embryo development in gramineae (1995)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 8 (1995), S. 266-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Alloplasmic lines ; Apomixis ; Parthenogenesis ; Protein patterns ; 2-D gel electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An in vivo model system to study the initiation of embryo development is presented. From the so-called Salmon system of wheat (alloplasmic lines with a 1BL-1RS chromosome translocation), three completely isogenic and homozygous lines were produced by selection for uniformity in about 20 selfing/backcross generations as well as between sublines of doubled haploids. The line (aestivum)-Salmon is male fertile and sexual. The lines (caudata)-Salmon and (kotschyi)-Salmon are male sterile and have a parthenogenetic capacity of about 90%. The expression of nuclear-cytoplasmic male sterility is different for the two parthenogenetic lines. The initiation of autonomous embryo development at defined developmental stages of the ovaries and the maximum degree of parthenogenesis are identical in both parthenogenetic lines as proved by the auxin test and progeny analyses. The protein patterns from ovary extracts of the three isogenic lines were identical for more than 200 spots of 2-D polyacrylamide gels, confirming their homogeneity. However, one protein (P 115.1) was found 3 days before and during anthesis only in ovaries of the parthenogenetic lines. It seems to be involved in the initiation of parthenogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229382
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early signs of disruption of wheat anther development associated with the induction of male sterility by meiotic-stage water deficit (1997)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 10 (1997), S. 40-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Male sterility ; Starch ; Triticum aestivum ; Water stress ; Anther ; Pollen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Water deficit during meiosis in microspore mother cells of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) induces male sterility, which reduces grain yield. In plants stressed during meiosis and then re-watered, division of microspore mother cells seems to proceed normally, but subsequent pollen development is arrested. Stress-affected anthers generally lack starch. We employed light microscopy in conjunction with histochemistry to compare the developmental anatomy of water-stress-affected and normal anthers. The earliest effects of stress, detectable between meiosis and young microspore stages, were the degeneration of meiocytes, loss of orientation of the reproductive cells, and abnormal vacuolization of tapetal cells. Other effects observed during subsequent developmental stages were deposition of starch in the connective tissue where it is normally not present, hypertrophy of the middle layer or endothecial cells, and deposition of sporopollenin-like substances in the anther loculus. The resulting pollen grains lacked both starch and intine. These results suggest that abnormal degeneration of the tapetum in water-stressed anthers coupled with a loss of orientation of the reproductive cells could be part of early events leading to abortion of microspores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050066
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from zygote to plant via ovule culture (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 663-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Embryogenesis ; Ovule culture ; Triticum aestivum ; Zygote
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ovules of the wheat breeding line Veery #5 were excised and transferred to culture within 24 h after pollination. When ovules were cultured on Phytagel-solidified medium, and the pericarp removed exclusively at the micropylar tip and the abaxial side, zygotes from up to 79.2% of the ovules underwent embryogenesis with the same developmental pattern as found in planta. Embryos from more than 50% of the cultured ovules germinated when transferred to regeneration medium. More than 100 plantlets were randomly chosen for transfer to soil, all of which developed to phenotypically normal and fertile plants. With this system, the entire process of zygotic embryogenesis can be studied using living material. Furthermore, the method could be used as an embryo rescue technique for plant breeding purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050298
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of light on the accumulation of abscisic acid and expression of an early cysteine-labeled metallothionein gene in microspores of Triticum aestivum during induced embryogenic development (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 458-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Abscisic acid ; Anther culture ; Light ; Metallothionein ; Pollen embryogenesis ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cloned cDNA to the wheat (Triticum aestivum) early cysteine-labeled metallothionein has many characteristics of a molecular marker for pollen embryogenesis in this plant. This transcript was not detected in uninucleate microspores at the time of culture or in pollen at any stage during normal ontogeny; its mRNA did begin to increase in embryogenic microspores within 6 h of culture, peaked at around 24 h, declined, then leveled off through the 21-day-old embryoid stage. Additionally, the accumulation of the embryoid-abundant EcMt gene transcript showed a direct and positive correlation with an increase of ABA in embryogenic microspores and developing pollen embryoids. Irradiating cultures with high intensity white light or with far-red, or blue light, suppressed EcMt transcript accumulation and the ability of microspores to form embryoids; however, light did not affect ABA concentrations during the early stages of culture. These results suggest that although a promoter of pollen embryogenesis in bread wheat, ABA alone cannot maintain the sporophytic differentiation of microspores subjected to inhibitory regimes of light in vitro. Whether or not light acts directly or indirectly in suppressing EcMt gene expression and pollen embryogenesis remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01092766
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Desulforhopalus vacuolatus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new moderately psychrophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium with gas vacuoles isolated from a temperate estuary (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 166 (1996), S. 160-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Anaerobic sulfate reduction ; Incomplete ; propionate oxidation ; Marine environment ; Low ; temperature ; Psychrophilic bacteria ; Growth yields ; Desulforhopalus vacuolatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new type of gas-vacuolated, sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated at 10° C from reduced mud (E0 〈 0) obtained from a temperate estuary with thiosulfate and lactate as substrates. The strain was moderately psychrophilic with optimum growth at 18–19° C and a maximum growth temperature of 24° C. Propionate, lactate, and alcohols served as electron donors and carbon sources. The organism grew heterotrophically only with hydrogen as electron donor. Propionate and lactate were incompletely oxidized to acetate; traces of lactate were fermented to propionate, CO2, and possibly acetate in the presence of sulfate. Pyruvate was utilized both with and without an electron acceptor present. The strain did not contain desulfoviridin. The G+C content was 48.4 mol%. The differences in the 16S rRNA sequence of the isolate compared with that of its closest phylogenetic neighbors, bacteria of the genus Desulfobulbus, support the assignment of the isolate to a new genus. The isolate is described as the type strain of the new species and genus, Desulforhopalus vacuolatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050371
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon dioxide evolution of an upland rice and barley, double cropping field in central Japan (1996)
    Springer
    Ecological research 11 (1996), S. 217-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1703
    Keywords: double cropping field ; soil respiration ; temperature ; water content
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbon dioxide evolution rates from a double cropping, upland rice and barley field were determined in central Japan from June 1992 to May 1994, and regression models were developed to predict soil respiration rate. Diurnal patterns of hourly soil respiration rates (SRh) showed a similar trend with those of soil surface temperatures. Daily soil respiration rate (SRd) obtained by integrating SRh varied from 0.3 to 15.6 g CO2 m−2 for the 2 years. In the summer cropping period, SRd was positively correlated with daily mean soil surface temperature and negatively correlated with volumetric water content in soil. Moreover, this relationship was able to be expressed as a multiple-factor model with an Adj-R2 of 0.925. On the other hand, in the winter cropping period, SRd was able to be represented by a single factor model using soil surface temperature with an Adj-R2 of 0.854. Based on these relationships, seasonal changes in soil respiration rate were estimated. Total soil respiration rates in 1992 and 1993 estimated for the summer cropping period were 1260 g CO2 m−2 and 1094 g CO2 m−2, and for the winter cropping period 624 g CO2 m−2 and 676 g CO2 m−2, respectively. It was considered that the lower values during the summer cropping period in 1993 depended on lower soil surface temperature and higher soil water content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02347688
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodiversity of freshwater fungi (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 17 (1996), S. 328-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: hyphomycetes ; ascomycetes ; taxonomy ; ecology ; stream biology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract There are more than 600 species of freshwater fungi with more known from temperate, as compared to tropical regions. These includeca 340 ascomycetes, 300 deuteromycetes, and a number of lower fungi which are not discussed here.Aniptodera, Annulatascus, Massarina, Ophioceras andPseudohalonectria are common freshwater ascomycetes, which appear to be well adapted for this lifestyle either in their ascospore types or their competitive-degradative characters. The most common genera of wood-inhabiting deuteromycetes includeCancellidium, Dactylaria, Dictyosporium andHelicomyces. They are categorized into four groups depending on their form and life style: the ingoldian hyphomycetes; the aero-aquatic hyphomycetes; the terrestrial-aquatic hyphomycetes; and the submerged-aquatic hyphomycetes. The adaptations of aquatic fungi for their dispersal and subsequent attachment to new substrates are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01574764
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative studies on some analytical methods (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 49 (1997), S. 857-862 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: analytical methods ; kinetics ; powder milk ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This work present comparative results on powder milk storage quality, obtained from analytical methods. Protein content was determined conventional (Kjeldahl) and colorimetric with biuret reagent at 540 nm and integral quality by thermogravimetric and biological methods. A method was developed for the protein separation of powder milk. Powder milk was submitted to degradation processes at 45, 60 and 80°C for 20 days. The results indicated that protein content values were inconsistent if determinations by Kjeldahl and colorimetric methods and biological tests were compared. There is evidence of thermal decomposition of powder milk as detected by biological and thermogravimetric methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01996770
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of Polyvinylacetate from 0 to 350 K (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 54 (1998), S. 731-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: enthalpy ; entropy ; Gibbs energy ; heat capacity ; limiting polymerization temperature ; polyvinylacetate ; temperature ; thermodynamics of polymerization ; vinyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of vinyl acetate in the range 13 to 330 K and of polyvinylacetate between 4.9 and 330 K was determined by adiabatic vacuum calorimetry with an error of about 0.2%. Temperatures and enthalpies of physical transitions were measured. From the data obtained, the thermodynamic characteristics of melting of vinyl acetate and parameters of glass transition and glassy state of the monomer and polymer were calculated. The thermodynamic functions Ho(T)-Ho(0), So(T), Go(T)-Ho(0) were estimated for both materials from 0 to 350 K. The results of calculation and the literature value of enthalpy of bulk polymerization of vinyl acetate at T=350 K were used for the estimation of the thermodynamic parameters of its polymerization process ΔHpol o, ΔSpol o, ΔGpol oin the interval 0 to 350 K. A ceiling limiting temperature of polymerization Tceil owas evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010179517532
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a twin-torch transferred dc arc (1995)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 15 (1995), S. 309-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Transferred arc ; voltage-current characteristic ; inhomogeneous plasma ; optical emission spectroscopy ; electron density ; temperature ; spatial distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The results of a twin-torch transferred de arc .study are presented. The arc system consists of two torches of opposite polarity, and a coupling zone of plasma jets located between them. The torch configuration increases the system reliability and efficiency during material plasma processing. The results of the study present data for the voltage-current characteristics, general behavior of the twin-torch arc, and spatial distribution of the plasma parameters. The plasma parameters have been measured using optical emission spectroscopy for a 200 A (20 k W) do arc, at atmospheric pressure, with argon and nitrogen introduced as plasma forming gases into the anode and the cathode units, respectively. The measurement technique used has allowed the determination of local electron density and temperature values in an inhomogeneous plasma volume having no axial sysmmetry. The data obtained illustrate the novel features of the twin-torch transfrred do arc for its applications in plasma processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01459701
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen/argon plasma jet with methane addition (1995)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 15 (1995), S. 333-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Hydrogen/argon plasma ; methane ; do arc jet ; atmospheric pressure ; optical emission spectroscopy ; temperature ; density ; spatial distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Spatial distributions of plasma parameters are presented for a H2/Ar plasma jet with addition of methane. The plasma has been generated at atmospheric pressure by a 200 A (20 kW) nontransferred do arc. Optical emission spectroscopy has been used for the measurements assuming the plasma jet to be optically thin and to have an axial symmetry. Local spectral ernissivity values have been evaluated using a routine Abel inversion procedure. Half- width and emissivity of Hβ spectral line have been measured to determine the electron density and temperature of the plasma. The densities of excited C, CH radicals have been evaluated from the absolute emissivities of relevant molecular emission bands measured in limited spectral intervals in the visible spectrum. The emissivity ratios have been used to fund rotational and vibrational temperatures. The results supply information on methane decomposition and the behavior of molecular radicals in close-to-thermal plasma jets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01459702
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential Scanning Calorimetric Investigations on Pyloric Caeca During Ripening of Salted Herring Products (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 57 (1999), S. 283-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; fish ; general proteolytic activity ; pyloric caeca ; ripening ; salted herring product
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The thermoanalytical behaviour of pyloric caeca during salting and ripening was investigated using a Perkin Elmer DSC 7. Not only the thermal stability of the muscle proteins was influenced by salting but also that of pyloric caeca. It was recognised that the salting itself leads to a remarkable increase of the transition temperature compared with raw herring. An influence of the salt:fish ratio could be observed. The higher the salt content the higher the increase of the denaturation temperature. During ripening the transition temperature remained on a high level or showed only a slight decrease during the investigation period. The dependency from the salt content remained evident. The increase of the transition temperature was accompanied by a decrease of the transition enthalpy. The increase of thermal stability is connected with a decrease of the general proteolytic activity in pyloric caeca. Possibly, the enzymes are diffusing from the pyloric caeca into the muscle and cause there an increase of enzymatic activity observable in North Sea herring accompanied by a decrease of activity in pyloric caeca itself. Simultaneous the thermal stability of pyloric caeca is lowered. The reason for the differences in ripening could be seen in some enzyme-inhibiting factors unknown until now.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010101910394
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between afforestation, water chemistry and fish stocks in an upland catchment in south west Scotland (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Acidification ; fish ; forestry ; water-chemistry ; management ; calcium ; aluminium ; TOC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The soils and waters in the Galloway hills of south-west Scotland have undergone considerable acidification during the present century. The aims of this study were to examine the extent to which afforestation can influence water chemistry, and the occurrence of fish stocks within an individual catchment in this area. Studies were carried out at 45 sites in the Bladnoch catchment during 1994. River water samples were collected at all sites and determinations made of pH, total organic carbon, calcium and monomeric aluminium concentrations. In order to quantify the size and abundance of fish populations, electrofishing was carried out at 21 of the sites. Estimates of afforestation were made by a combination of field surveys and the use of 1∶:10 000 scale ordnance survey maps. The presence of coniferous trees had a substantial affect on water chemistry. In areas where the whole catchment was afforested, the water pH was 0.7 units lower than in unafforested areas (p〈0.001). Afforestation was also correlated with low concentrations of calcium, and increases in the concentrations of monomeric aluminium and total organic carbon. There was a clear relationship between fish populations and water chemistry. Numbers of trout were positively correlated with pH (r 2=0.69; p〈0.001), and with concentrations of calcium (r 2=0.55; p〈0.001). The study has shown that salmonid fish populations are sensitive to acidity and the associated changes in river water chemistry; these problems were exacerbated by afforestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476846
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can sodium regulation be used to predict the relative acid-sensitivity of various life-stages and different species of aquatic fauna? (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 865-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Na+ flux ; Cl− regulation ; chloride cells ; anal papillae ; acid-sensitivity ; crustaceans ; insect larvae ; fish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Fishes, Zooplankton, insect larvae, and benthic invertebrates differ in their sensitivity to acidic waters. Some species are able to survive and complete their life-cycle below pH 3.5 while others are eliminated once the pH drops below 5.5. Generally, acid-sensitive fauna are highly water permeable and have difficulty regulating osmotically essential ions, such as sodium and chloride, at low pH. Increased permeability during certain stages of a life-cycle (post-molt crayfish, for example) are often associated with increased acid-sensitivity. Special adaptations, including enlarged anal papillae in Chironomids and the number and morphology of chloride cells in such diverse organisms as crustaceans, insect larvae, and fishes, may enhance acid-tolerance. To test the hypothesis that Na+ regulation can be used to predict relative acid-sensitivity of aquatic fauna we will need a mechanism for standardizing Na+ regulatory capability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476938
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lake and watershed neutralization strategies (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 889-894 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: acidification ; acid neutralizing capacity ; calcite ; fish ; liming ; mitigation ; ecosystems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The Experimental Watershed Liming Study (EWLS) evaluated the application of CaCO3, to a forested watershed to mitigate the acidification of surface water. During October 1989, 6.9 Mg CaCC3/ha was applied by helicopter to two subcatchments of about 50% (102.5 ha) of the Woods Lake watershed area. The EWLS team investigated the response to treatment of soils (chemistry and microbial processes), vegetation, wetland, stream and lake waters, and phytoplankton and fish, and applied the Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification (ILWAS) model in predicting a watershed treatment duration of up to 50 years. Observations showed a gradual change in pH, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and Ca2+ in the water column; direct lake additions of CaCO3 (three different times) were characterized by abrupt changes following base addition and subsequent rapid reacidification. Moreover, the watershed treatment eliminated the snowmelt acidification of the near-shore region of the lake observed during direct lake treatments. Positive ANC water in the tributary and near-shore area improved conditions for fish reproduction and for a viable fish population. Budgets for 12-month periods before and after the watershed treatment showed that the lake shifted from a source of ANC to a sink due to retention of elevated inputs of Ca2+ from the watershed CaCO3 application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476942
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement by LASER-Generated Ultrasound of Four Stiffness Coefficients of an Anisotropic Material at Elevated Temperatures (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 16 (1997), S. 91-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: LASER ultrasound ; anisotropic material ; group velocity ; stiffness coefficients ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Ultrasonic waves are generated through a composite material by means of a noncontact technique. It uses a Nd:Yag LASER for the generation and an interferometric probe for the detection of acoustic waveforms. From a suitable set of experimental data, an inversion scheme is used for the recovering of four stiffness coefficients. They characterize the elasticity in a principal plane of symmetry of the material which exhibits an orthorhombic symmetry. The measurements are performed at various temperatures, elevated by steps up to 300°C for two specimen. The sensitivity of the method appears convenient to measure the temperature induced stiffness changes. The anisotropic degradation of the material properties are then pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022620501899
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of DNA adducts levels in white sucker fish (Catostomus commersoni) from the basin of the St. Lawrence River (Canada) (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 148 (1995), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: DNA adducts ; liver ; fish ; 32P-postlabelling ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; genotoxic biomarker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The levels of DNA adducts in the hepatic tissue of the white sucker fish speciesCatostomus commersoni were determined by32P-postlabelling. The fish were caught at four sites: two sites near the city of Windsor (Québec, Canada) on the St. François River, a downstream tributary of the St. Lawrence River, and two sites in the St. Lawrence River itself, near the city of Montréal (Québec, Canada). The latter sites are known to be contaminated by many pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Total adduct levels in all fish ranged from 25.1–178.0 adducts per 109 nucleotides. White sucker from the selected sites of the St. Lawrence River had a significantly higher mean level of DNA adducts than those of the St. François River (129.4 vs 56.8, respectively). These results suggest that the effluents of many heavy industries (e.g. from a Soderberg aluminium plant) flowing in the St. Lawrence River are more likely to produce genotoxic damage to fish than those released in one of its tributary, and mainly associated to the activities of a small town and a nearby pulp and paper mill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928150
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Towards a Predictive Design Methodology Based on the Physical Modelling of the Fracture of Fiber Composites (1998)
    Springer
    Applied composite materials 5 (1998), S. 69-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4897
    Keywords: modelling ; notch strength ; damage ; fatigue ; environment ; temperature ; prediction ; design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A predictive design methodology based on modelling the fracture stress (notched tensile strength) and post-fatigue residual strength of laminated fiber composites is presented. The approach is based explicitly on the development of models of the physical processes by which damage accumulates at a notch-tip and the application of these models to cross-ply laminates for a variety of material systems, including thermosetting and thermoplastic matrices containing carbon, glass and Kevlar fiber reinforcements. The effects of temperature and humidity on composite fracture can also be examined in the context of this modelling strategy. A pre-requisite of the model is that it has to be calibrated for each material system by performing tensile tests on notched and unnotched cross-ply laminate. From this initial calibration, which takes relatively little time, it is possible to apply the model to a prediction of the dependence of fracture stress on notch size; to an understanding of the effects of laminate stacking sequence (within the same cross-ply family) on fracture stress; and to provide insight into the effects of thermal or load cycling history on fatigue damage-growth and residual or fatigue strength. The advantages and deficiencies of this modelling strategy are assessed, as well as the applicability of such a physical modelling approach to the predictive design and failure of composite materials in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008811721083
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous measurements of stress and temperature during testing of a fibre shotcrete pressure plug (1999)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 17 (1999), S. 335-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: underground gas storage ; pressure barrier ; fibre shotcrete ; stress ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The paper describes an investigation of pressure barriers (plugs) for an underground gas storage facility which were to be constructed from fibre shotcrete. An extensive measurement program on a test plug was carried out to verify the suitability of fibre shotcrete for this purpose. The results of stress and temperature measurements carried out during the construction of the test plug and during cyclic loading of the plug to a water pressure up to 13 MPa are presented. The measurement program provided information on the stress and temperature development inside the plug body during hydration and hardening and also on the residual tensile stresses at the interface between the plug and the rock mass after the end of hydration. Another important output was information on the quality of the plug-rock mass interface, which was critical for a possible leakage. The results obtained during the cyclic loading of the plug revealed uneven stress distribution at the contact and in the adjacent rock mass. It also provided information on the rate of stress redistribution at the contact and inside the rock mass. The results were used to modify the technology of the shotcrete technique to be applied in the final plugs. The gas storage facility using the modified design has been in trial operation since the end of 1998.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008929726458
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...