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  • Artikel  (1.954)
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  • 1
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    The HAMMONIA chemistry climate model: Sensitivity of the mesopause region to the 11-year solar cycle and CO2 doubling, (2007)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-21
    Beschreibung: This paper introduces the three-dimensional Hamburg Model of the Neutral and Ionized Atmosphere (HAMMONIA), which treats atmospheric dynamics, radiation, and chemistry interactively for the height range from the earth’s surface to the thermosphere (approximately 250 km). It is based on the latest version of the ECHAM atmospheric general circulation model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg, Germany, which is extended to include important radiative and dynamical processes of the upper atmosphere and is coupled to a chemistry module containing 48 compounds. The model is applied to study the effects of natural and anthropogenic climate forcing on the atmosphere, represented, on the one hand, by the 11-yr solar cycle and, on the other hand, by a doubling of the present-day concentration of carbon dioxide. The numerical experiments are analyzed with the focus on the effects on temperature and chemical composition in the mesopause region. Results include a temperature response to the solar cycle by 2 to 10 K in the mesopause region with the largest values occurring slightly above the summer mesopause. Ozone in the secondary maximum increases by up to 20% for solar maximum conditions. Changes in winds are in general small. In the case of a doubling of carbon dioxide the simulation indicates a cooling of the atmosphere everywhere above the tropopause but by the smallest values around the mesopause. It is shown that the temperature response up to the mesopause is strongly influenced by changes in dynamics. During Northern Hemisphere summer, dynamical processes alone would lead to an almost global warming of up to 3 K in the uppermost mesosphere.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3903-3931
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Sensitivity ; Chemistry ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 2
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    Effect du barrage de Nangbeto sur l'évolution du trait de côte : une analyse previsionnelle sedimentologique (2006)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: En vue d'optimiser le rendement hydro-électrique. un second barrage est en projet. a 100 km en aval du barrage de Nangbeto sur le fleuve Mono au Togo. Celui-ci a été mis en service en 1987 à des fins de production d'énergie électrique et de mise en valeur hydro-agricole de la basse vallée. Les travaux de topographie. de bathymétrie et de sedimentologie relatifs au barrage de Nangbero et a la pre-etude d'impact du second barrage à Adjaraia ont pour objectif la maitrise du transport solide dans la vallée et vers la mer, ainsi que des comportements du trait de cote. Les resultats de terrain montrent que les effets morpho-sédimentaires consécutifs a la mise en service du barrage de Nangbeto ne se sont pas encore repercutes sur la zone cotière. Cette contribution tente de montrer particulièrement I'impact qu'auraient les effets sedimentologiques sur l'évolution du trait de cote entre le Togo et le Benin.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Nangbéto, Mono ; Barrages ; Coastal zone ; Sediments
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 3
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    Remote Sensing for Studying Nearshore Bottom Morphology and Shoreline Changes (2005)
    Maputo : Direcção Nacional de Geologia
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The major objective of the present study is to demonstrate how remote sensing approach can be used for studying nearshore bottom morphology and shoreline changes in coastal Tanzania. Two study sites were used. In the first site, remote sensing satellite Landsat Thematic Mapper data was evaluated against known water depths from conventional echo sounding measurement taken on the eastern side of the channel. The correlation between the remote sensing data and the echo sounding mesurement was rather satisfactory, suggesting that the approach can roughly be used to investigate sea bottom morphology in the nearshore areas. In the second study site, remote sensing satellite data from Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper were used to investigate shoreline changes along the western side of the channel. The results of the study show that the delta and the shoreline north of the delta is currently accreting, where significant accretion has occurred between 1986 and 2000 than before 1986.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Remote sensing ; Sediments ; Coastal erosion ; Shorelines
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 4
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    Shore Morphology and Sediment Characteristics South of Pangani River, Coastal Tanzania (2005)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The shore morphology and nearshore sediments between the Pangani and Kipumbwi rivers were investigated to describe the shore and the reef platform sediments characteristics and also to update information on recent shoreline changes along the Tanzania mainland coast. The information gathered during this study comes from field observations, sediment sampling of the area and interviews with Pangani residents. The investigated area is a patch reef coast with narrow or no beaches and fossil reef terrace islands offshore, Pangani bay and estuary are among the most prominent shore features. Historical information indicates that, both the bay, and the estuary have undergone significant changes during the last 60 years. While the growth of the estuary has mainly been influenced by the reduced fresh water discharges, the bay has been mainly influenced by shore erosion induced by the high wave activity. The distribution of sediments on the sea bottom is mainly controlled by bathymetry, with sand (medium to coarse) dominating water depths less than 10 m and silt dominating depth greater than 15 m. Sediments in water between 10 and 15 m depth are dominated by fine sand/silt. The carbonate production in the investigated area is limited by the high influx of siliciclastic sediments from the Pangani, Kipumbwi and Ushongo Mabaoni depo-centres. While previous studies attribute the disappearance of Maziwi island to sea level rise, the present study considers the anthropogenic influence to be the major causative factor. Sea level is also considered to be one of the potential threats to the preservation of small islands such as the Maziwi, However, the present study believes that if indeed the vegetation on the island has been cleared as is reported, this action has hastened its disappearance.
    Schlagwort(e): Sedimentation ; Coastal sediment ; Sediments ; Reefs ; Shorelines ; Sediment sampling
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Preprint
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  • 5
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    Caractérisation géochimique des sédiments de surface du golfe de Tunis (2006)
    INSTM
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The general current of the Gulf of Tunis are dependent of the general Mediterranean current. This last divides to the level of the Gulf of Tunis in two branches; a first connects by pass west coasts of the gulf while the second branch crosses the centre of the gulf with a NNW - SSE direction. The passage of this second branch of the general current creates a central zone characterised by a sediment relatively sandier than what surrounds it and controls the distribution of the different metallic elements that have for main origin the Oued Mejerda. The metallic elements here analyzed are the Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Cu and Pb. Their concentrations vary respectively between 0,5. and 1,6%; 279 and 447 ppm; 39 and 67 ppm; 20 and 34 ppm; 9 and 20 and between 56 and 142 ppm. Also sediments of surface of the Gulf of Tunis can be considered as little contaminate by the Fe, Mn, Co and Ni and very contaminated by the Pb. This last presents therefore a supplementary source that is the Lake to Tunis. For surface sediment identification, we were equally interested to the distribution of carbonate and COT percentages: Carbonates have shown high percentages in the Small Gulf of Tunis in accord of vegetation who is very dense in this one (she may play as a traps of carbonate); the COT has on the other hand shown very important percentage at the vicinity of Mejerda mouth following a weak decomposition of the organic matter in this zone. The horizontal distribution of these different metallic elements shows three zones to raised high concentration: near mouthpieces of the Oued Mejerda, near the Zembra island and to the north of the Small Gulf of Tunis. This distribution shows that the main origin of the totality of these metals is weIl the Oued Mejerda and it reflects the influences of the general current of the gulf that allows the presence of the corridor with a low metallic concentration the long of it path.
    Beschreibung: Les apports détritiques dans le Golfe de Tunis ont pour origine les principaux cours d’eau la Mejerda et Meliane. La répartition des sédiments dans le Golfe de Tunis est contrôlée par les courants généraux du Golfe de Tunis tributaires du courant général de la Méditerranée. Ce dernier se scinde au niveau du Golfe de Tunis en deux branches; une première branche contourne les côtes ouest du golfe alors que la deuxième branche traverse le centre du golfe avec une direction NNW-SSE. Le passage de cette branche du courant général du golfe conditionne la présence d'une zone centrale caractérisée par un sédiment relativement plus sableux que ce qui l'entoure et contrôle la répartition des éléments métalliques analysés qui ont pour origine principale l'Oued Mejerda. En plus de l'étude granulométrique, la caractérisation des sédiments de surface du Golfe de Tunis a également intéressé la répartition des carbonates et du carbone organique total (COT). Les carbonates ont montré des pourcentages élevés dans le Petit Golfe de Tunis dus au piégeage des coquilles carbonatées par la végétation qui est très dense dans cette zone. Le COT a par contre fourni des pourcentages importants près de l'embouchure de l'Oued Mejerda, ce qui semble en liaison avec une décomposition faible de la matière organique dans cette zone, et peut être à cause du taux de sédimentation relativement plus fort. Les éléments métalliques analysés (Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Cu et Pb) montrent que les concentrations varient respectivement entre 0,5 et 1,6%; 45 et 150 ppm; 39 et 67 ppm; 20 et 34 ppm; 9 et 20 ppm et entre 56 et 142 ppm. Aussi, les sédiments de surface du Golfe de Tunis peuvent être considérés comme peu contaminés par le Fe, Mn, Co et Ni mais davantage par le Pb. Ce dernier est alimenté par une source supplémentaire qui semble être le Lac de Tunis. La répartition horizontale de ces éléments métalliques montre trois zones à concentrations élevées situées près des embouchures de l'Oued Mejerda, près de l'île Zembra et au Nord du Petit Golfe de Tunis. Cette répartition montre bien que l'origine principale de l'ensemble de ces métaux est l'Oued Mejerda et met en relief l'influence de courant dominant dans le golfe qui détermine la présence d'un couloir NNW-SSE à faibles concentrations métalliques.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Sédimentologie; Géochimie
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Biogeochemistry
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 6
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    Calidad ambiental de la zona costera del Golfo de Batabanó, Cuba (2008)
    CONyMA
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The anthropogenic affectation was evaluated on the coast N of the Gulf of Batabanó in May 2003 (corresponding to the provinces of Matanzas and Havana), in areas located in the line of the coast. The results were compared with the historical information of the sector. In the coast N and the Ensenada of the Broa, the parameters oxygen saturation, DBO5 and DQO showed characteristic high values of eutrofication. The biggest contribution in the Cianoficies was in the near coastal areas to sources of organic contamination. In the case of the nutrients they show specific data of mesothrofic waters with tendency to the eutrofization and the silts presented a high affectation for toxic metals. The area near to Guanímar is distinguished to present conditions of organic contamination that favor heterothrofic conditions, corroborated by a prevalence of the processes of mineralization of the organic matter over primary production and lows values of fitoplankton concentration. On the contrary, in the region of Surgidero of Batabanó, the processes of synthesis of organic matter prevail suggested by a high primary production, and concentration of fitoplankton, with low breathing levels and mineralization of the organic matter, that indicates that the system is behaving autothrofically. In a general way, this sector is very affected by the anthropogenic impact. The information obtained is of great importance for the development of the fishing and tourist industries in the area.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Phytoplankton ; Water quality ; Primary production ; Chemistry ; Environmental monitoring ; Phytoplankton ; Water quality ; Primary production ; Chemistry ; Environmental monitoring
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Proceedings Paper
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  • 7
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    Estudio de las características sedimentológicas, de la desembocadura del Río Chone, frente a la ciudad de Bahía de Caráquez, Ecuador (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: El principal objetivo de este estudio, fue la determinación de los tipos de sedimentos, predominantes en el área de estudios; su distribución aproximada en el mismo; así como su posible proveniencia. También se determinó en que ciclo de marea, se presenta la mayor carga de sedimentos en suspensión.
    Beschreibung: This article presents the results of the sedimentological composition, and of the load of suspended sediments, present in the outlet of the Chone river, in the country of Manabí. They were analyzed a total of 18 samples, of superficial sediments of bottom, and of whose results were determined, a predominance of fine sand, classified poor. The sand could be of marine origin, or it could also come, of the erosion of the cliffs, through the coasts current, due to that those, they are very unstable. As for the suspended sediments, 56 samples of water were analyzed, the same that they gave very low results.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., grafs., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Rivers ; Sediments ; Sediments ; Rivers ; Sediment composition
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 8
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    Correlación estratigráfica en base a registros de pozos en el Golfo de Guayaquil (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: El presente trabajo se basa en la interpretación de registros eléctricos y convencionales de pozos ubicados en el Golfo de Guayaquil dentro de una área aproximada de 868.911 hectáreas, entre las coordenadas 2° -4 latitud sur y 80° -81° longitud oeste. Los perfiles fueron corridos por ADA OIL EXPLORATION CO. entre 1969 y 1972, y mediante su interpretación se elaboraron las columnas estratigráficas respectivas y su correlación con el Graben de Jambelí, se logró determinar el tipo de sedimento predominante en la columna de cada pozo (Amistad 1,2,3,4; Tiburón 1; Esperanza 1). Además se ha realizado el cálculo de los parámetros petrofísicos a ciertos niveles de areniscas seleccionados, que pueden presentar algún interés como reservas de fluído (gas, aceite, o agua), tales como: resistividad de la zona no invadida, densidad de la roca, porosidad, factor de formación, resistividad del agua, saturación de agua, temperatura de formación de las rocas, gradiente geotérmico, salinidad del agua de formación.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Stratigraphic correlation ; Sediments
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 9
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    Caractérisation granulométrique et minéralogique des sédiments de surface de la frange littorale Sidi Bou Said - La Goulette (2006)
    INSTM
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The results of the grain-size and mineralogical analysis of the superficial sediments of the coastal zone situated between Sidi Bou Saïd and “la Goulette” show that the small funds (-2 to -10 m) are decorated by fine sands (the median Q50 is between 116,6µm and 213,5µm). Nevertheless, the beach top situated between Sidi Bou Saïd and the North pass of the Punic harbours of Salammbô is covered essentially by average sands (the median Q50 is between 170,6 µm and 408,9µm). Between the Punic ports and the fishing port of “la Goulette” , the beach top is formed by fine sands. The spatial distribution of the sands shows the existence of a fading classification of the sediments from the coast towards the wide one. This classification is carried out by the transverse currents. The sediment - study shows also a sort of the grains from the North towards the South, from Sidi Bou Saïd towards “la Goulette”. This sort is carried out by the drift coastal currents. Mineralogical analyse of the total sediment shows the predominance of the quartz in comparison with the calcite and the dolomite. The Clay is formed by the Kaolinite, the Smectite and the Illite.
    Beschreibung: بيّنت لنا دراسة حجم الرواسب السطحيّة للمنطقة الساحليّة الممتدّة بين سيدي بوسعيد وحلق الوادي أنّ القاعات البحريّة الصغيرة العمق (من 2 إلى 10 أمتار) مكسوّة برمال دقيقة (متوسّط حجم الرمال بين 116 و213,5 مكرومتر) كما بيّنت لنا أيضا أنّ أعلى الشاطئ مغطّى أساسا برمال متوسطّة (متوسط حجم الرمال بين 170,6 و408,9 مكرومتر) في المنطقة الممتدّة بين سيدي بوسعيد والمدخل الشمالي للمواني البونيقيّة بصلامبو، في حين أنّه يتكوّن من رمال دقيقة بين المواني البونيقيّة وميناء الصيد بحلق الوادي. استنتجنا من خلال توزيع الرمال في المنطقة أنّه يوجد ترتيب تنازلي لحبّات الرمال من الساحل نحو الأعماق. كان هذا الترتيب ناتجا عن تحرّكات التيّارات العموديّة المصاحبة للأمواج. كما أنّنا استنتجنا وجود ترتيب تنازلي للرمال من الشمال في اتّجاه الجنوب، أي من سيدي بوسعيد إلى حلق الوادي، وذلك نتيجة تحرّك التيّارات البحريّة الموازية للسواحل. بيّنت التحاليل المعدنيّة للرواسب وجودا مكثّفا للمرو مقارنة بـ"الكالسيت" و"الدولوميت". أمّا الجزء الطيني، فهو متكوّن من "الكاوولينيت"، "السماكتيت"، و"الإيليت".
    Beschreibung: Les analyses granulométriques des sédiments superficiels de la zone côtière située entre Sidi Bou Saïd et la Goulette montrent que les petits fonds (-2 à -10 m) sont tapissés par des sables fins (la médiane Q50 est entre 116,6µm et 213,5µm). Cependant, le haut de plage situé entre Sidi Bou Saïd et la passe Nord des ports puniques de Salammbô est couvert essentiellement par des sables moyens (la médiane Q50 est entre 170,6 µm et 408,9µm). Entre les ports Puniques et le port de pêche de la Goulette, le haut de plage est formé par des sables fins. La répartition spatiale des sables montre qu’il existe un grano-classement décroissant des sédiments de la côte vers le large. Ce classement est effectué par les courants transversaux. L’étude sédimentologique montre aussi un tri granulométrique du Nord vers le Sud, de Sidi Bou Saïd vers la Goulette. Ce tri est effectué par les courants de dérive littorale. L’analyse minéralogique du sédiment total montre la prédominance du quartz par rapport à la calcite et à la dolomite. La fraction argileuse est formée par la Kaolinite, la Smectite et l’Illite.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Granulométrie ; Grain size ; Sediments ; Coastal zone ; Mineralogy
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 10
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    Distribution and Depositional History of some Pre-lagoonal Holocene Sediments in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia (2009)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: An investigation of the pre-lagoonal Holocene sediments beneath the lagoon Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (Colombia), was undertaken for the purpose of this region before the formation of the lagoon proper. Core and grab samples were collected from the lagoon for stratigraphic observatiion and analysis in the laboratory. Beneath the recent lagoonal sediments a deposits of peat with intercalated sand and clay was discovered. Its surface lies at a depth of about 2 m below the hydrographic zero level of the lagoon. Three peat samples, obtain from the upper portion of this deposits, were subjected to micropetrographic and pollen analyses. These analyses reveled that, prior to marine inundation, this region in southern Florida (U.S.A.) Sample "f", taken closest to the present sea, represents a red mangrove (Rhizophorae mangle) dominated zone, which to sweep the sediment surface clean to litter. This implies that the Isla de Salamanca, an almost continuous beach barrier between the present-day lagoon and Caribbean Sea, must not have been as prominent a barrier as it is today, but that a larger inlet existed sample "g", represent a mixed mangrove zone which was somewhat less exposed to current scour and which was presumably situated behind and propected by the former zone. The third sample "h", taken the furthest inland, represents ponded condictions within a slightly brackish to fresh water marsh dominated by leatherleaf fern (Acrostichum aureum) and sedges.
    Beschreibung: Los sedimentos holocénicos pre-lagunares situados debajo de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (Colombia), fueron estudiados con el propósito de obtener una mejor idea de las condiciones paleogeográficas y paleoecológicas prevalentes antes de que la laguna misma hiciera su aparición. Catas y muestras fueron sacadas de la laguna para efectuar observaciones estratigráficas y para su ulterior análisis en el laboratório. Debajo de los sedimentos lagunares recientes un depósito de turba (detrito vegetal) fué descubierto el cual aparece intercalado con lechos de arena y arcilla. Su límite superior se encuentra a un 2 m debajo del nivel cero hidrográfico de la laguna. Tres muestras de la turba obtenidas de la parte superior del yacimiento fueron sometidas a análisis de micropetrografía y de polen. Los resultados indican que antes de que el mar invadiese el área, esta era un complejo costero pantanoso semejante a la zona de mangles de los Everglades en la Florida meridional (E.U.A.). La muestra "f", la tomada más cerca del mar actual, indica que el área estaba dominada por mangles rojos (Rhizophorae mangle), bastante expuesta a la acción de olas y mareas con energía suficiente para dejar la superficie limpia de residuos. Esto significa que la Isla de Salamanca, una barra arenosa, casi continua, entre la actual laguna y el Mar Caribe, no debió ser siempre una barrera tan marcada y por tanto, que una entrada mayor habría existido cerca del sitio donde la turba de esta muestra se formó. La muestra siguiente "g", sacada de un lugar más hacia el interior, representa una zona de mangles de varios tipos, menos expuesta a la acción de corrientes y probablemente situada detrás de, y protegida por, la faja descrita anteriormente. La tercera muestra "h", que es aquella extraida más adentro de la tierra, representa la existencia de condiciones encharcadas, dentro de una área pantanosa con aguas dulces o ligeramente saladas, mostrando el predominio de helechos (Acrostichum aureum) y juncos. Esta estructura zonal, relativamente estable, de vegetación que va de mangles marinos en el N hasta pantanos de agua dulce en el S, y que estuvo presente por poco tiempo antes de que la formación de turba cesase, parece indicar que la transgresión que formó la laguna fué tan rápida que las comunidades florales marítimas no tuvieron tiempo de emigrar hacia el interior y cubrir una parte mayor de la superficie del pantano que quedó submergida.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Paleontology
    Schlagwort(e): Estuaries ; Geology ; Waste disposal ; Coastal lagoons ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Geology ; Sediments ; Waste disposal
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.139-154
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  • 11
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    Características de la sedimentación marina litoral comprendida entre la Puntilla de Santa Elena y Punta Ancón, Provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: El principal objetivo es el de determinar los tipos de sedimentos que predominan en el área de estudio, así como su distributión aproximada en el mismo.
    Beschreibung: This article presents the research results of the sea surface sediments samples, based upon texture characteristics and statistical parameters. 15 samples of bottom sediments, distributed in five perpendicular profiles to the line of coast, and each one three samples, from the area between Puntilla de Santa Elena and Punta Ancon (Province of Santa Elena, Ecuador) were analyzed. The result indicates a predominance of mixture, positive asymmetric, of sand and mud and, with poor classification, as well there is located fine grain sand in the zone near to the border. The muddy sediments come especially from erosion of Punta Ancon cliffs.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Sediment distribution
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 12
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    Estudio de los sedimentos del sector donde convergen los ríos Daule y Babahoyo, y las posibles causas que están formando un nuevo islote en ese sector (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Los objetivos de este artículo son: - Caracterizar el área de estudio en base a los tipos de sedimentos que predominan en el sector, a su distribución aproximada en el mismo, así como a su posible proveniencia. - Determinar la carga de sedimentos en suspensión que transportan los ríos. - Determinar las posibles causas que están originando la formación de una nueva isla en la desembocadura del Río Daule.
    Beschreibung: A study of 25 surfaces marine sediments samples of bottom was perfomed in the convergence of the Daule and Babahoyo rivers. It shows the principal characteristics of the sediments based upon granulometric analysis and statistical parameters. It determined that the sand, classified poorly, and positive assymetrical is predominant in the area of outlet of the Daule River, with a porcentage between 79 and 99% of same material. On the other hand, in the area of outler of the Babahoyo River the predominant material is the silt, of median grain, with a percentage between 64 and 87%. Also it observed muddy material, that is to say, a mixture of silt and sand but in small patches. The rivers of the area of study transport high quantity of sediments in suspension. As to sediments of the islet in formation, from the center toward the north, there is a layer of mud of 1 to 2.50 meters, that lies on sand. Between the possible causes that are forming the islet in the outlet of the Daule River are: The high quantity of sediment carried by the rivers, due to the torrential rains that are produced during an event El Niño; as well as the deforestation, mainly in the high and middle part of the basin of the Daule.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Rivers ; Sand ; Sediments ; Granulometry ; Sediment transport ; Silt ; Rivers ; Sand ; Sediment analysis
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 13
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    Clasificación de los sedimentos de la plataforma continental ecuatoriana - Provincia del Guayas en relación al porcentaje de carbonato de calcio (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Los objetivos de este estudio se resumen así: 1. Determinación de la cubierta sedimentaria de la plataforma, su textura y la repartición de las diferentes clases de sedimentos. 2. Establecimiento de los tipos de sedimentación existentes en la plataforma en base a la distribución horizontal de los valores de carbonato de calcio obtenidos. 3. Determinación de la relación entre las características granulométricas y químicas de los sedimentos.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., maps., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Classification ; Classification ; Sediments ; Calcium carbonates
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 14
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    Estudio sedimentológico de la laguna costera El Soldado, Sonora, México (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: El presente trabajo pretende contribuir a un conocimiento más amplio en la naturaleza del medio sedimentario de un cuerpo de agua del litoral de Sonora, tomando en consideración elementos ambientales básicos como son: fisiografía, geomorfología, materiales, energía, caracteríisticas físicas y químicas de los sedimentos y un análisis sobre organismos bentónicos (bivalvos).
    Beschreibung: The coastal lagoon El Soldado, Sonora, Mexico was studied in order to describe this sediments from the textural, phisical-chemical, chemical and mineralogic point of view and evaluate the possible relationship of this parameters with bentonic organisms (bivalves). The granulometric analysis were made using the technics by Folk (1974). The organic matter and carbonate were determined by loss on ignition method of Dean (1974). The salinity, pH and heavy metals were quantified respectively with the utilization of conductivimeter, potentiometer and atomic absortion spectropgotometer. the organisms were collected and quantified by areal unit for its posterior identification. The sediments distribution shows a definite pattern: more coarse in the area near of the lagoon mouth (Proximal zone), with the variation to silty sand (Intermedial zone) and to more fine textures in the interior of the water body (Distal zone).
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Coastal lagoons ; Sediments ; Coastal lagoons ; Lagoonal sedimentation ; Sediment chemistry ; Sediment distribution ; Sediment texture
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 15
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    Caracterización de la calidad de las aguas y sedimentos del Río Atacames 2002 (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: La presente investigación se desarrolló como parte de Estudio de calidad de las aguas de los ríos de la Provincia de Esmeraldas durante mayo del 2002, como aporte del INOCAR a la Ilustre Municipalidad del Cantón Atacames, Institución que se encuentra realizando esfuerzos en los planes de operación para cumplir con la concepción del estado ecuatoriano sobre protección ambiental. Se presenta y evalúa los resultados obtenidos tanto en el estudio de calidad de las aguas como de los sedimentos del río Atacames en la Provincia de Esmeraldas, tomando en consideración la distribución y comportamiento superficial de parámetros físico, químicos y microbiológicos en un área que abarca entre 15 kilómetros aguas arriba y su desembocadura en el Océano Pacífico. Durante el estudio se estableció que, las aguas del río Atacames, principalmente las que se encuentran influenciadas por la población presentan graves problemas de contaminación por sus características químicas y microbiológicas (condiciones deficitarias de oxígeno, eutrofización, contaminación por coliformes totales y fecales) ocasionados por las descargas principalmente de desechos de tipo orgánico procedentes de la ciudad. Aunque existe la presencia de hidrocarburos del petróleo disueltos y dispersos en la zona, tales concentraciones están por debajo de los niveles establecidos en la legislación ecuatoriana, pero se considera necesario observar la presencia del contaminante, el mismo que a través del tiempo adquiere características de cronicidad con el peligro que esto reprsenta para la biomasa bentónica y para los organismos que se alimentan de ella, incluido el hombre.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Water quality ; Microbial contamination ; Organic wastes ; Oxygen ; Sewage ; Water quality ; River water ; Sediments ; Oxygen ; Petroleum hydrocarbons ; Microbial contamination ; Pollution effects ; Organic wastes ; Sewage
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 16
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    Morfología y sedimentación del sistema estuarino Estero Salado - Río Guayas. (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Durante el período 1984-1985 se realizaron estudios geológicos en el sistema estuarino Estero Salado - Río Guayas, los mismos que comprendieron trabajos de geomorfología, geofísica (sísmica) y sedimentología. Los resultados de esas investigaciones, que se presentan en este artículo, llevan a establecer las diferencias existentes entre el Estero Salado y Río Guayas como consecuencia probable del mayor aporte de sedimentos y corrientes de agua recibida por el Río Guayas, y de la carga adicional de sedimentos por la construcción de camaroneras y tala de manglares.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Estuaries ; Geomorphology ; Sediments ; Estuarine sedimentation ; Estuaries
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 17
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    Estudio geoquímico de los sedimentos en el Canal de Jambelí (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Se presenta las características geoquímicas del Canal de Jambelí en base al análisis de 41 muestras de sedimentos del fondo marino, obtenidas durante marzo y junio de 1986 (Fig.1). Se identifica la presencia de dos dominios de sedimentación, el uno de tipo fluvial y el otro marino; así mismo una posible tendencia de avance del sedimento fluvial sobre el sedimento marítimo. Se establece además que la concentración de los constituyentes orgánicos se encuentran dentro de rangos normales y guarda relación con la textura del sedimento.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Geochemistry ; Geochemistry ; Sediments
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 18
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    Aplicación estadística en los bioensayos de toxicidad con sedimentos extraído del Estero Salado, canal de acceso al Puerto Marítimo de Guayaquil (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: With the purpose of proving and determining in a short term the impact of the dredged material that can be caused by the organisms that inhabit the marine-estuary ecosystem, was performed toxicity bioassay of the sediment extracted from the bottom of the Salado Estuary. This sediment obstructs the access channels of the Marítime Port of Guayaquil. For this bioassay, was used white shrimp larvae of the species Litopenaeus vannamei, a commercially important organism that depends for its food on the organic detritus coming from the sediment and the column of estuary water in the studied area. The results obtained were analyzed applying the graphic arithmetic method and statistical analysis, through which it was determined that there is a direct relation between the concentrations and the organic effects with 95% certainty. The survival average of the organisms were obtained with the results of the performed test, the same which was statistiscally significant for all the analyzed samples. Through the Kurtosis test, it was observed that data had normal distribution. Furthermore, the Cochram test was used and it was determined that there is a homogeneity of the variances. No type of histopathological abnormality was found that could be considered significant. Furthermore, during and after the bioassay, the absence of pathogenic bacteria was observed. In the same way, the analysis for the white statin virus (WSSV) was negative.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Bioassays ; Toxicity ; Statistical analysis ; Bioassays ; Toxicity ; Marine organisms ; Sediments ; Statistical analysis ; Kurtosis ; Dredged samples
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 19
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    Estudio de las características sedimentológicas de la zona litoral comprendida entre Anconcito y General Villamil (Playas), Provincia del Guayas, Ecuador (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Cabe señalar que el presente artículo, ya que ha sido redactado sólo en base a los datos granulométricos, y parámetros estadísticos, sucederá otro, en el que se incluye, el estudio mineralógico y químico de los sedimentos.
    Beschreibung: Based upon textural characteristics and statistical parameters, marine sediments were studies from 61 samples coming from the area between Ancocncito and General Villamil (Playas). Fine to very fine sand, moderatelly well sorted, negative assymmetricals are predominant in that area, with a percentage of 70%. Muddy sediments are located front of Ancocncito. Comparing these analysis with investigations performedon 1975, these are not significant variations related with texture and distribution of sediments.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., maps., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Beaches ; Sediments ; Beaches ; Littoral zone
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 20
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    Essai d'interprétation de la dynamique sédimentaire par l'analyse granulométrique et minéralogique au large du golfe de Gabès (2006)
    INSTM
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The results of the grain size and mineralogical analysis of the surface sediments of the Gulf of Gabes, taken with Various depths between the coast Sfax-Zarzis and the isobaths -100 m, allow to identify the origin of these sediments and to specify the factors and the phenomena, which are involved in their transport and their deposit. The mineralogical study resulted in high lighting a clear relation between the recent sedimentary stock of the gulf of Gabès and the bordering geological formations. The sediments study showed that the detritus materials are of continental origin and the sediments coming from the coastal erosion are subjected to a dynamics, which is controlled, primarily by the action of the currents (current coastal and currents tide and by underwater morphology).
    Beschreibung: Les résultats des analyses granulométriques et minéralogiques des sédiments de surface du Golfe de Gabès, prélevés à différentes profondeurs entre la frange côtière Sfax-Zarzis et l’isobathe –100 m, ont permis d’identifier l’origine de ces sédiments et de préciser les facteurs et les phénomènes qui interviennent dans leur transport et leur dépôt. L’étude minéralogique a conduit à mettre en évidence une nette relation entre le stock sédimentaire récent du golfe de Gabès et les formations géologiques bordières. L’étude sédimentologique a montré que les matériaux détritiques d’origine continentale et les sédiments provenant de l’érosion des côtes sont soumis à une dynamique qui est contrôlée essentiellement par l’action des courants (courants littoraux et courants de marée et par la morphologie sous-marine).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: granulométrie; dynamique
    Schlagwort(e): Grain size ; Sediment analysis ; Sediment chemistry ; Sediments ; Mineralogy
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
    Format: 498206 bytes
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  • 21
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    The Occurrence Of Some Distinct Areas In The N. W. Mediterranean Sea Based On The Elemental Properties Of The Sediment (Horizontal And Vertical Distribution) (2005)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: As pan of the EROS-2000 project (European River Ocean Systems),sediment samples were collected in the North Western basin of the Mediterranean Sea in May 1990. In these samples trace and/or majorelements were determined to advance the knowledge about theconcentration, sources and cycles of natural and anthropogenicconstituents in coastal areas. Three fractions were determined: the porewater fraction whichcontains all dissolved elements the leachable fraction which containsall easily available elements and the residual fraction which containsthe strongly bound elements in the sediments. The results show thatthe investigated area can be separated into five "sub-areas" which aredifferent in element concentration, leachable fraction andsedimentary composition. Highest concentrations of trace elementsare found in sediments closest to the Rh6ne delta. In this area severaldiagenetic processes are observable. In summary the Rhone is probably the major source for several(trace-) elements to the Gulf of Lions which is located close to theriver mouth of the Rhone. The influence of the Ebro on (trace-)element concentrations in the sediments close to theriver mouth isprobably minimal.
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Geology
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    Materialart: Other
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  • 22
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    Distribución de metales en sedimentos costeros del golfo de Guacanayabo (2007)
    Ministerio de Educación Superior, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Of great importance to our country economy in the coastal zone running along the Gulf of Guacanayabo because of the different species nurseries having commercial interest. Studies on Al, Pb, Zn, and Cu contents within the surface sediments along 210 km of coastal areas, where 42 stations were located are carried out in the work. Results obtained are used for distribution analysis of elements within the zone and their relationships with the domestic and industrial population groups.
    Beschreibung: Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras (CIP)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Al, Pb, Zn, Cu
    Schlagwort(e): Heavy metals ; Heavy metals ; Sediments ; Coastal zone
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 23
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    Contenido de Cu, Co, Cr y Pb en sedimentos de tres estuarios de la costa sur de Cuba (2007)
    Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras (CIP), Cuba
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The many fishing activities of the south area of the Counties Sancti Spíritus and Ciego de Ávila they are enough reason to make studies of levels of toxic elements in the silts. The obtained results of the determination of Cu, Co, Cr and Pb in silts of the estuaries and rivers Agabama, Zaza and Jatibonico of the South are discussed and compared. They are also related these elements with the percentage of volatile matter in the silts. These tributary of the south coast, nevertheless to be in the same line of coast of about 200 Km presents remarkable differences as for their relationships with urban populations, industries and agricultural works. The technique employee for determination of the concentrations of the metallic elements was the espectrofotometry of atomic absorption.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: superficial sediments, Cu, Co, Cr, Pb
    Schlagwort(e): Heavy metals ; Marine pollution ; Heavy metals ; Spectrochemical analysis ; Sediments
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 24
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    Distribución y enriquecimiento de metales traza en núcleos de sedimento de tres sistemas costeros del Estado de Sonora, México (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal, conocer el enriquecimiento y distribución de los metales traza y su relación con la materia organic y el tamaño medio de partícula (Mz) en la columna sedimentaria con el fin de determinar su acción e influencia ecológica en el medio ambiente marino.
    Beschreibung: Concentration of Ni, Cu, Pb, Mn y Fe, in sediment nuckeus of three lacunars of Sonora State, Mexico, were valued using methods of Absortion Atomic Spectrophotometry. established the existents relation between the concentration of named metals, organic matter contained and the granulometry with proposite of point the action or ecologic influence in acuatic environmental. The results suggest that resolution to distribution and form of studied metals, could be being transfered at the sediment by means of deposit of the organic material.
    Beschreibung: incluye ref.bibl., grafs., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Distribution ; Organic matter ; Distribution ; Trace metals ; Sediments ; Inorganic matter ; Organic matter
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    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 25
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    Estudio de las características sedimentológicas del área comprendida entre Ancon y el Canal del Morro (Golfo de Guayaquil) (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Se estudian 146 muestras de sedimentos superficiales de fondo del Golfo de Guayaquil. Se presenta las características de los sedimentos en base al análisis granulométrico, parámetros estadísticos y distribución de los sedimentos; y se comparan estas distribuciones con otras de trabajos anteriores. Se establece que los sedimentos arenosos y sus diferentes combinaciones predominan en el área, ocupando casi un 80% de la misma. Los sedimentos limosos se ubican en el Noroeste, mientras que en el Oeste sólo encontramos una pequeña cantidad de fragmentos de conchas. El análisis comparartivo con investigaciones realizadas en 1975, no presenta variaciones significativas en la textura y distribución de los sedimentos.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Nearshore sedimentation ; Sediment analysis ; Sediment composition ; Sediment distribution
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 26
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    Estudio de las características sedimentológicas del estero Santa Rosa en la Provincia de El Oro, Ecuador (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: En este artículo se determina los tipos de sedimentos predominantes en el área de estudio, su distribución aproximada en el mismo, así como su posible proveniencia. Determinar la carga de sedimentos en suspensión del estero en una determinada época del año.
    Beschreibung: In this article presents the results of the sedimentological composition, and of the load of suspended sediments, present in the Santa Rosa Marsh, the Province El Oro. A total of 16 samples of superficial sediments of bottom was analyzed, and of whose results a predominance of muddy material, grain means, very poor classified, with positive asymmetries, although also there are sand and mixtures of both, but in minor proportion. Los rivers Guayas and Jubones are those that mainly contribute with suspended sediments. Also 24 water samples were analyzed, and whose loads gave relatively high values, being able to increase still more in winter due to rains.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Marshes ; Sediments ; Sediment distribution ; Sediment composition ; Sediment transport ; Marshes
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    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 27
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    Sedimentation, transport und erosion an der Nordküste Kolumbiens zwischen Barranquilla und der Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (2009)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: El Río Magdalena desemboca actualmente en el mar Caribe, por el extremo occidental de este territorio y ha formado varios deltas, estos se han originado en tres fases comprendidas en el cuaternario reciente. Los dos más antiguos quedaron destruidos por la erosión y solamente son detectados en la morfología submarina. El delta siguiente en antigüedad, alcanzó su mayor amplitud hace 2.400 años aproximadamente La etapa de destrucción de este delta se inició por aquellos tiempos, y aún continua en actividad. El delta más reciente se está formando al frente de la boca actual del Río Magdalena. Se describen los rasgos topográficos, sedimentológicos y la distribución de la fauna bentónica, en los sectores NE y E de la plataforma submarina de San Andrés. La barrera de Barlovento se destaca por un crecimiento profuso del hidrocoral Millepora. Esto se interpreta como adaptación ecológica a la resaca de olas largas, generada por los vientos alisios a través de toda la extensión del mar Caribe.
    Beschreibung: The coast of Northern Colombia between Barranquilla and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta has been subject to swift morphological alterations in the near geological past. The Magdalena River mouth into the Caribbean Sea is actually in the western end of the region and has formed deltas in three phases during the recent Quaternary. The two older onews were destroyed by erosion and can only be detected by submarine morphology. The second phase is represented by a delta, that reached its widest dimentiions approximately 2400 years ago. The then starting destruction continues untill today and is not yet finished. The recent mouth foresets tthe yopungest delta of the Magdalena River. We describe the topographic features, sedimentological and distribution of benthic fauna in the areas NE and E of the San Andres shelf. The Windward barrier is highlighted by a profuse growth of hydrocorals Millepora. This is interpreted as ecological adaptation to the hangover of long waves, generated by the trade winds through the entire length of the Caribbean.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Paleontology, Geomorfology
    Schlagwort(e): Estuaries ; Geology ; Erosion ; Coastal lagoons ; Coastal erosion ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Geology ; Sediments ; Erosion ; Coastal erosion ; Sediment transport
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.155-209
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  • 28
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    Estudio de la materia orgánica en los sedimentos del Río Jubones, en el área comprendida entre el puente la Iberia hasta su desembocadura (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: El principal objetivo de este trabajo es determinar cuantitativamente el contenido de la materia orgánica en base a la concentración de carbono orgánico, nitrógeno orgánico y fósforo total, tratando de sugerir el posible origen del material orgánico sedimentario en el Río Jubones.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Organic matter ; Organic matter ; Sediments
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 29
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    Evaluación geoquímica en la fase sedimentaria de ecosistemas costeros del Estado de Sonora, México (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Se elaboró este trabajo en los cuerpos lagunares Guásimas, Algodones y Lobos y contribuir, de esta forma, al conocimiento geológico marino de los sistemas costeros del litoral de Sonora.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., map., grafs.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Evaluation ; Geochemistry ; Coastal lagoons ; Evaluation ; Geochemistry ; Sediments ; Coastal lagoons
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    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 30
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    Foraminíferos del rift de Galápagos (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Para este trabajo se analizaron un total de 17 muestras de sedimento para el estudio de los foraminíferos, se identificaron 10 especies de foraminíferos planctónicos y 8 especies de f. bentónicos. Las muestras fueron colectadas durante la expedición científica "GEOMETEP III", simultáneamente por el R/V "SONNE", de la República Federal Alemana y por el BAE "ORION", del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada del Ecuador, entre el 19 de Enero y el 16 de Febrero de 1983, en el rift de Galápagos, para un estudio de prospección en el área del 85/ 86°W, para iniciar un reconocimiento en la transecta de los 85° 30'W.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., tbls.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Foraminifera ; Sediments
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  • 31
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    Estudio del meiobentos en el Golfo de Guayaquil, (Río Guayas, Canal Cascajal y Estero Salado), Ecuador, en agosto de 1996 (2008)
    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Con este aporte al conocimiento de la meiofauna del Golfo de Guayaquil, se pretende comenzar a difundir los diferentes grupos de organismos que antes de este trabajo no se conocían que existían en nuestro país, esperando que se incentiven nuevos trabajos de investigación en el campo de la meiofauna, para llegar a saber realmente las especies que tenemos en el ecosistema más "rico y/o productivo" del Ecuador y del Pacífico Sud-este.
    Beschreibung: From the analysis of 16 sediments samples in 16 stations, located in the interior Gulf of Guayaquil, which includes: Guayas river, Cascajal chanel and "El Salado" estuary. 862 organisms are in 11 groups, belonging to 8 filum, were found from which, 6 filum were actually representatives of the meiofauna. The are: Nematoda, Artropoda (crustacea y Acari), Annelida (Polichaeta y Oligochaeta), Rotifera, Kinorryncha and Protozoa (ciliatea and Foraminifera). The filum which are not actually representative of this kinds organisms are: Mollusca and Chaetognatha. The nematoda are the most abundant and frecuent in the Gulf of Guayaquil with 73,2%. The total and relative abundance were observed in the Estero Salado while the low abundance were located in the Guayas river. Filum Kinorryncha and the order Acari that belong to the filum Artropoda are the first mentions for the Gulf of Guayaquil. tables that indicate the total and relative abundance of the differents groups of meiofauna, as well as their relationship with the salinity, temperature, oxygen and pH are presented and discused in this paper.
    Beschreibung: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus., grafs.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Rivers ; Estuaries ; Meiobenthos ; Marshes ; Meiobenthos ; Sediments ; Rivers ; Marshes ; Estuaries
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    Materialart: Journal Contribution
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  • 32
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    Geochemical and environmental studies of recent marine sediments and some hard corals of Wadi El-Gemal area of the Red Sea, Egypt (2006)
    Alexandria: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This Journal is published by National Institute of Oceanography and Fishereies, Alexandria, Egypt
    Beschreibung: The distribution of (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Co and Cd) concentrations were determined in surface marine sediments and coral reefs at Wadi El-Gemal in the Red Sea area. There were significant differences in concentrations of heavy metals in the marine sediments relative to the coral reefs. Some heavy metal concentrations in sediments and coral reefs in the study area are high compared to that in the impact areas of the Egyptian Red Sea coast. The results indicate that the high concentrations of heavy metals in marine sediments and coral reefs are particularly affected by the high contribution of terrigenous materials through the stream of Wadi El-Gemal. Generally, heavy metals concentration in the sediments decreased with increasing distance from the shoreline with the exception of Pb, which increased with increasing distance from the shoreline. On the other hand, Pb concentration in coral reefs is high compared to that in some sediment samples at Wadi El- Gemal area. The grain size, carbonate, organic matter, phosphorus and heavy metals distribution reflect marked changes in lithology, biological activities in the sea and land geology of the study area. Carbonate content mainly of biogenic origin varies from 5.7 –69.5% of the sediments. Organic matter contents of the sediments (1.7 to 6.5%) and phosphorus content (110 to 5097ppm) usually reflect significant terrigenous influences. On the other hand, heavy metals show an increasing tendency in the mud fraction of Wadi El-Gemal area. The present work reflects how much the marine sediments and coral reefs are influenced by natural impacts from this wadi. The collected data will be useful in management and suitable development of the area, beside being helpful as database in the future.
    Beschreibung: NIOF
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Hard corals ; Wadi El-Gemal ; Natural impacts ; Heavy metals ; Environment ; Marine ecology ; Environments ; Marine ecology ; Marine pollution ; Sediments ; Coral reefs
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 33
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    Major controls of some metals distribution in sediments off the Nile Delta, Egypt. (2006)
    Alexandria: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Beschreibung: The sediment samples that are collected during R/V CHAIN 1975 cruise to the southeastern Mediterranean have been used to determine the major controls of metals’distribution. The sediment samples were analysed mineralogically, chemically and texturally. The parameters measured included carbonate minerals, total carbonate, organic carbon, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, lead, nickel, cobalt, vanadium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, sand, silt and clay. The statistical analysis of data showed that four major factors control the distribution of metals in sediments of the Nile cone; These are: Factor 1 terrigenous mud-calcareous sand; Factor 2 Aragonite mud-terrigenous sand; Factor 3 Algal sand; and Factor 4 Aragonite. The percentages of terrigenous sand, mud and calcareous components of the Nile cone sediments greatly affect the elements spatial distribution. In addition to that, minor controls such as precipitation and coprecipitation may affect the elemental distribution. The distributions of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, lead, nickel, cobalt, and vanadium are associated mainly with the terrigenous mud fraction of the sediment whereas, calcium and strontium are mainly related to calcareous sands. Iron, copper, cobalt, lead and vanadium are partially related to montmorillonite. Lead is associated with acid feldspars and chromium is mainly controlled by terrigenous sand. The distribution of calcium and strontium is controlled by the coarsecalcareous fraction of sediments. Magnesium and manganese are associate with algal sand. The aragonite and calcite minerals are forming the majority of carbonate mud, which controls partially the distribution of calcium, strontium, lead and copper.
    Beschreibung: NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Metals ; Factor analysis ; Coastal oceanography ; Sediments
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  • 34
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    Accumulation of trace metals in some benthic invertebrate and fish species revelant to their concentration in water and sediment of lake Qarun, Egypt. (2006)
    National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This journal is published by the NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Beschreibung: Concentrations of major metals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and some trace metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, Cd) were determined in water, sediment, benthos and some common fish species from Lake Qarun. Water and sediment samples were collected from seven stations where, the benthos and fish species were collected from three sites representing east, middle and west of the lake. Distribution of studied metals showed that, east part generally had higher contamination than west one which may be attributed to the impact of pollution sources in this area which coming from El-Batts Drain and pumping station in the east part. Mollusca and Crustacea especially Barnacles have the highest concentrations of most heavy metals measured more than Polychaeta which make them suitable candidates to be used in biomonitoring surveys of Lake Qarun. The concentrations of heavy metals in fish samples indicate that Solea sp.and Mugil sp. seemed to be more contaminated than Tilapia sp. which attributed to their feeding behavior. Bioaccumulation factor values showed that the trend of accumulation of most metals was as follows: Mollusca 〉 Crustacea 〉 Annelida 〉 Solea sp. 〉 Mugil sp. 〉 Tilapia sp.
    Beschreibung: NIOF
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Lake Qarun ; Trace metals ; Benthos ; Fish ; Sediments ; Absorption ; Absorption coefficient ; Accumulation ; Biochemical analysis ; Benthic fish ; Trace metals
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  • 35
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    Assessment of some heavy metals, major cations and organic matter in the recent sediments of Bardawil Lagoon, Egypt (2006)
    Alexandria: National Institute of Oceanographic and Fisheries
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This journal is published by National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
    Beschreibung: The aim of the present study is to gather detailed information on the distribution and concentration levels of some heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb & Cd), major cations (Ca,Mg, Na & K), in addition to organic matter in the Bardawil lagoon sediments during four successive seasons during (2001-2002). The different metals concentrations could be arranged in descending order as follows: - Ca〉 Na〉 Fe〉 Mg〉 K〉 Mn〉 Cu〉 Zn〉 Pb〉 Cd.
    Beschreibung: NIOF- Alexandria
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Egypt ; Bardawil Lake ; Abiotic factors ; Heavy metals
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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    Some ecological factors affecting coral reef assemblages off Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt (2006)
    Alexandria : National Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Beschreibung: Three shallow reef sites were investigated during four seasons Autumn, 2003, Winter, Spring and Summer, 2004) off the Marine Biological Station at Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt. Thirty-eight scleractinian coral species were recorded at the studied sites. Generally, Twenty-six species were affected by more than one factor (such as high temperature, solar radiation, sedimentation and algae), while the last twelve species remained healthy. The affected species (26 species) were divided into the following: five species were affected by combination of high temperature and direct exposure to solar radiation during the neap tide, eleven species only were affected by sedimentation and increasing algal cover and ten species were affected by high temperature, solar radiation, sedimentation and algae all together. Coral bleaching and death in some cases were due to these factors. Galaxea fascicularis, Seriatopora hystrix and Millepora dichotoma were partially bleached but recovered during the high tide time within weeks. Few species such as Acropora granulosa, Montipora venosa, Goniastrea pectinata and Porites solida were completely bleached and could not recover but died. Repeated leaching events in the future may expose corals to an increasingly hostile environment.
    Beschreibung: NIOF
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Algal cover ; Solar radiation ; Sea level ; Sedimentation ; Red Sea ; Sediments ; Coral reefs ; Ecology
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 37
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    distribution of phosphorus fractions and some of heavy metals in surface sediments of burullus lagoon and adjacent mediterranean sea (2007)
    National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Twelve samples were collected from the surface sediments of lagoon and adjacent Mediterranean Sea. Samples were analyzed for grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), total carbonate (CaCO3), various forms of phosphorus and heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd and Pb). The results indicated that the sediments were composed of sand, silt and clay enriched with carbonate (1.95 – 34.1%) and total organic carbon (0.06 and 3.62%). The total-P content ranged between 58 and 1186 μg/g, and the fraction associated with apatite minerals (PHCl) was the dominant (it constitutes about 50 – 73% of TP) implying that it was the main storage of phosphate. The various P phases demonstrated significant positive correlation with mean size, silt, clay, TOC, CaCO3 and TP, while only Pex was correlated with the metals. As well as, the obtained data indicated that the variations of the measured metals in sediments are varied depending on the locations, whereas the high levels were observed in the western area of the lagoon. The studied gave positively correlated with each other and organic carbon suggested that the distributions of these metals are associated with the organic matter accumulation.
    Beschreibung: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
    Beschreibung: The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research is abstracted in both of Zoological Record and Chemical Abstract since Volume 31(1), 2005. The Chief Editor: Prof. Fatma Aly Abd El-Razek E-mail: fatma_abdelrazek@hotmail.com
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Burullus Lagoon, phosphorus forms
    Schlagwort(e): Field Study ; Heavy metals ; Sediments ; Heavy metals ; Lagoons
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 38
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    The anthropogenic effluents of the human activities on the red sea coast at hurghada harbour (case study) (2007)
    National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The heavy metal accumulations in the seawater, coral reefs and two effective fractions of underlying sediments (〈0.125mm and 〈 0.063mm) were studied in the coastal and tidal flat zones at the main shipyard near of Hurghada Harbour. The area of investigation is very worse whereas, it is considered tailing outlet for both solid and liquid influents of many human activities in/and surrounding the harbour. The solid phases are of construction remains, paint remains, iron pipe rusts, hydrocarbons, plastic bags, metal and wood remains as well as the artificially conglomerate stones that thrown in the in the marine area. The liquid phase is restricted in the continuous brine water draining to the sea from a huge desalination plant (Capacity 5000 cubic meters of freshwater daily) and the bilge water of the boats cooling engines in the mooring zone inside the shipyard marine area. The recorded metals show significant declination seaward in both seawater and sediments. The highest values of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd in the seawater were recorded at the outlet point of the desalination plant pipeline while the highest values in the sediments were recorded at the beach zone whereas the dumped materials were concentrated. The finest fraction sediments (〈0.63mm) recorded high concentrations of the toxic metals; Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd than the coarsest one. Pb in sediments recorded high reading in the boat mooring zone in the two sediment fractions relative to the beach zone and inside the sea. The recorded coral reefs are new generations (recruits) mostly of the massive forms. These corals were growing over; conglomerate stones, rusted iron plates, plastic remains and car tires dumped to the zone. The metal concentrations in these corals are high relative to their age and the recorded metals in world. This study indicated that some coastal activities as; the shipyards and desalination plants are environmentally antagonistic and must be monitored continuously in order to decrease their effluents to the tidal flat zones. Also, it is obvious that the new coral generations are able to accommodate with the inconvenient conditions.
    Beschreibung: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
    Beschreibung: The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research is abstracted in both of Zoological Record and Chemical Abstract since Volume 31(1), 2005. The Chief Editor: Prof. Fatma Aly Abd El-Razek E-mail: fatma_abdelrazek@hotmail.com
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Hurghada, human activities
    Schlagwort(e): Environmental Study ; Coral reefs ; Heavy metals ; Sea water ; Sediments ; Sea water ; Coral reefs ; Heavy metals
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  • 39
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    Ecological and fisheries development of Lake Manzalah (Egypt): hydrography and chemistry of Lake Manzalah (2006)
    Alexandria: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This journal is published by the NIOF, Egypt
    Beschreibung: Lake Manzalah; the largest delta Lake in Egypt represents a dynamic system that has been undergoing continuous and pronounced changes since long times. In the last year’s this Lake faced drastic problems that retarded its environmental and fisheries development; the most serious one is the discharge of waste water. It is attempted in the present study to investigate the chemical characters of Lake Manzalah water during 2001-2002. Water temperature ranged from an average of 12.35oC in January and 29.14oC in July. Dissolved Oxygen, pH and total dissolved solids were found in ranges optimum for the living of marine and freshwater fish species. The average concentrations of nutrients lied in the following ranges: 1.24 to 4.89 μmol PO4 -3 l-1 , 5.08 to 28.73 μmol SiO4 -2 l-1 and 1.81 to 17.7 μ_mol NO3-1 l-1 The concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds were found to be relatively higher at the southern regions of the Lake near to the outlets of the drains.
    Beschreibung: NIOF
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Hydrography ; Water ; Chemistry ; Chemical composition ; Water content ; Environment ; Chemical composition ; Environments ; Water content ; Fisheries
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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    Cross-shelf biogeochemical characteristics of sediments in the central Benguela and their relationship to overlying water column hypoxia (2008)
    Nisc
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Data from two cross-shelf sediment sampling cruises were used to explain reasons for the sediment biogeochemical variability in respect of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, and how the cycling of these elements governs the biogeochemistry of the overlying water through their control of the redox conditions. The spatial extent of this benthic–pelagic flux link is limited to the innershelf mud belt system on the Namibian shelf. The inshore mud belt is the primary deposition area of the carbon and nitrogen new production export flux. The offshore organic-rich zones are thought to be relict particulate organic matter originating from the inshore mud belt rather than from an overlying pelagic source. These data were used to set up a multi-layer sediment model that was used through sensitivity analyses to elucidate the input characteristics that result in the most significant feedbacks on hypoxia in the overlying water. The analyses showed that, although the new production flux is a requirement to drive an oxygen demand in the sediments, the onset and persistence of anoxia may depend critically on a low-oxygen boundary condition threshold. This is thought to be a key differentiating factor between systems that, despite comparable carbon export fluxes, are characterised by a persistent hypoxia/anoxia signal and those that are characterised by episodic hypoxia events. It was concluded that sediment oxygen demand and methane and ‘sulphide’ emissions from the central Benguela sediments are responses to external hypoxia boundary conditions rather than the local drivers of oxygen variability.
    Beschreibung: Department for Environmental Affairs and Tourism
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Namibia
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon ; Anoxia ; Hypoxia ; Anoxia ; Carbon ; Hypoxia ; Modelling ; Sediments
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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    An assessment of seagrass survival and functioning in response to manipulations in sediment redox at Nyali Lagoon, Kenya (2006)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: WIOMSA/MARG-I/2004/01.
    Beschreibung: Thalassodendron ciliatum was studied during two monsoon cycles of the year 2001/2002 to determine the interactive effects of experimentally elevated redox potentials on in situ plant structure and shoot-root (S/R) biomass allocation patterns. Thalassodendron plants from shallow back-reef tidal pools were substrate manipulated under ambient field conditions for 90 days on each monsoon cycle. Plant sampling was done from quadrats impacted with organic substrates at three different concentrations (proxies to induce differential redox potentials). Our data show clear differences (at ANOVA, p 〈 0.05) in Eh and plant traits from 2 treatment effects and from monsoon seasonality effects. Thalassodendron had relatively higher canopy cover, shoot density, shoot blade density, and absolute shoot and root biomass at control sites than at two substrate-impacted sites. Between the monsoons, the same plant traits were higher during the North-East Monsoons (NEM) than they were during the South- East Monsoons (SEM). Thalassodendron beds experienced negative carbon balances within 3 weeks of impaction and were dead by 2 months, which coincided with periods when daytime redox potential values consistently lower than –70mV. S/R ratios were relatively higher at high substrate impacted sites and during the South-East Monsoons (SEM), both conditions also coinciding with higher reducing conditions. Final S/R ratios were 0.32 and 0.34 during NEM and SEM periods respectively at control sites, and 0.33, 0.42, and 0.55, and 0.34, 0.38 and 0.60 at zero, mid and high substrate impacted sited during NEM and SEM depth respectively. About 60% and 95% of root biomass were distributed in the top 10-cm and top 20-cm of soil respectively. Our findings support our hypothesis that reduced redox concentrations would increase plant stress and, consequently, decrease investments in growth capacity.
    Beschreibung: WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN MARINE SCIENCE ASSOCIATION (WIOMSA)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Production ; Monsoon Cycle ; Organic substrates ; Redox conditions ; Sediment rhizosphere ; Shoot-Root (S/R) Ratio ; Thalassodendron ciliutum ; Biomass ; Biomass ; Sediments ; Seagrass
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Report , Non-Refereed
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    High-frequency bistatic scattering by sub-bottom gas bubbles (2008)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 1997. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 102 (1997): 806-814, doi:10.1121/1.419906.
    Beschreibung: A previous study of high-frequency acoustic backscattering data collected at Eckernfoerde Bay, Germany revealed that scattering is mainly due to methane gas bubbles buried about a meter beneath the seafloor [Tang et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96, 2930–2936 (1994)]. A backscattering model was developed [Tang, Geo-Marine Lett. 16, 161–169 (1996)] where the gas bubbles were approximated by oblate spheroids. In this paper, a bistatic scattering model is proposed as an extension of the previously developed backscattering model. In this model, gas bubbles are again assumed to be oblate spheroids with varying aspect ratios and a single-scattering approximation is used. The model is compared to bistatic data acquired in Eckernfoerde Bay, Germany. In particular, the azimuthal dependence of the bistatic scattering strength predicted by the model is tested against experimental data and it is found that both the model and the bistatic scattering strength data exhibit a mild azimuthal dependence. Best agreement between model and data requires a 35% reduction in areal bubble density relative to that used in the backscattering model/data comparison. Possible reasons for this are discussed including multiple scattering effects.
    Beschreibung: This work is supported by the Coastal Benthic Boundary Layer Special Research Program, Office of Navel Research Grant No. N00014-95-1-G904.
    Schlagwort(e): Oceanographic regions ; Acoustic wave scattering ; Backscatter ; Bubbles ; Sediments ; Underwater sound
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    Relationships between carbon isotopic composition and mode of binding of natural organic matter in selected marine sediments (2008)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Organic Geochemistry 38 (2007):1824-1837, doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.07.008.
    Beschreibung: We have investigated the relationships between radiocarbon (14C) and stable carbon (13C) isotopic composition and the different modes of binding of organic matter (OM) present in surficial sediments from near-shore and continental margin sites that vary in terms of input and depositional conditions. To improve our understanding of the entire OM pool, isotopic analysis of sedimentary sub-fractions, as opposed to individual compounds, was performed. This was achieved by sequentially treating sediments by solvent extraction to examine unbound compounds, followed by saponification to cleave ester linked moieties. Isotopic analysis was then performed on the bulk sediment and resulting residues. The molecular composition of the extracts was examined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the relative contributions of terrestrial and marine biomarkers were assessed. Radiocarbon abundances (Δ14C) of the bulk sediment reflect a mixture of modern, pre-aged and fossil carbon. Offsets in Δ14C between the bulk sediment and sediment residues demonstrate varying associations of these carbon pools. For the majority of sites, a negative offset between extracted (EX2 RES) and saponified (SA-RES) sediment 1 residues results from the removal of relatively 4C-rich material during saponification. Saponification extracts (SAEs) are mainly composed of short chain (n-C12 to n-C24) alkanoic acids with an even/odd dominance indicating a predominantly marine algal or microbial source. This provides evidence for the protection of labile marine carbon by chemical binding. This study aims to bridge the gap between molecular level and bulk OM analyses in marine sediments.
    Beschreibung: The work was supported by funds from the National Science Foundation (CHE-0089172; OCE-0526268).
    Schlagwort(e): Radiocarbon ; Stable carbon ; Marine ; Sediments ; Biomarker
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  • 44
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    Estimated annual economic impacts from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the United States (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Blooms of toxic or harmful microalgae, commonly called "red tides," represent a significant and expanding threat to human health and fisheries resources throughout the United States and the world. Ecological, aesthetic, and public health impacts include: mass mortalities of wild and farmed fish and shellfish, human intoxication and death from the consumption of contaminated shellfish or fish, alterations of marine food webs through adverse effects on larvae and other life history stages of commercial fish species, the noxious smell and appearance of algae accumulated in nearshore waters or deposited on beaches, and mass mortalities of marine mammals, seabirds, and other animals. In this report, we provide an estimate of the economic impacts of HABs in the United States from events where such impacts were measurable with a fair degree of confidence during the interval 1987-92. The total economic impact averaged $49 million per year, with public health impacts representing the largest component (45 percent). Commercial fisheries impacts were the next largest (37 percent of the total), while recreation/tourism accounted for 13 percent, and monitoring/management impacts 4 percent. These estimates are highly conservative, as many economic costs or impacts from HABs could not be estimated.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grants No. NA46RG0470 and NA90AA-D-SG480, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9321244, and the Johnson Endowment of the Marine Policy Center.
    Schlagwort(e): Harmful algal blooms ; HABs ; Red tides ; Economic impacts ; Brown tides ; United States
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 45
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    Geomicrobiology of the ocean crust : the phylogenetic diversity, abundance, and distribution of microbial communities inhabiting basalt and implications for rock alteration processes (2007)
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution June 2007
    Beschreibung: Basaltic ocean crust has the potential to host one of the largest endolithic communities on Earth. This portion of the biosphere, however, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we utilize molecular biological, microscopic, and geochemical tools to gain a better understanding of the geomicrobiology of the ocean crust. Specifically, we examine the phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms inhabiting basaltic lavas, the activities and abundances of these microorganisms, the spatial extent of the biosphere, and the potential effect that microbial activity has on the geochemistry of the ocean crust and overlying water column. Our study demonstrates that young, fresh volcanic lavas near mid-ocean ridges host an incredibly diverse and dense population of microorganisms dominated by Bacteria, quite distinct from the microbial communities found in surrounding deep seawater and hydrothermal vents. Furthermore, these communities may contribute to the elemental cycling of Fe, S, Mn, N, and C in this environment. The inability to definitively identify microorganisms in drill-cores of old (〉 15 Ma) ocean crust, however, implies that these once prolific communities may become scarce as the crust ages and moves further away from the ridge axis. Finally, we provide evidence suggesting that these communities are fueled by oxidative alteration reactions occurring in the basaltic crust.
    Beschreibung: Funding for this project came from: RIDGE 2000 Grant #OCE-0241791 awarded to Katrina J. Edwards and Wolfgang Bach, the NASA Astrobiology Institute - Cycle 3 CAN-02-OSS-02 awarded to Katrina J. Edwards, USSSP ODP Post-cruise funding Grant #TX A&M F001724 awarded to Cara M. Santelli and Katrina J. Edwards, and a Schlanger Ocean Drilling Fellowship awarded to Cara M. Santelli.
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Biogeochemical cycles ; Microbiology ; Atlantis (Ship : 1996-) Cruise AT11-7 ; Atlantis (Ship : 1996-) Cruise AT11-20
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Thesis
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  • 46
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    Acoustic environment of the Hatteras and Nares Abyssal Plains, western North Atlantic Ocean, determined from velocities and physical properties of sediment cores (2008)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 1980. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 68 (1980): 1376-1390, doi:10.1121/1.385105.
    Beschreibung: Seventeen piston cores up to 13 m long were recovered from representative acoustic and lithologic environments of the Hatteras and Nares Abyssal Plains in the western North Atlantic. Compressional-wave velocities (corrected to in situ conditions) and bulk physical properties measured on the cores are used to characterize the acoustic framework of these areas. For correlation with conventional seismic data, whole-core averages of properties are a better index to the acoustic nature of abyssal plain sediments than properties of the upper few centimeters of the seafloor because (1) strong changes in lithofacies (and acoustic properties) occur over depth scales of tens of centimeters to meters in the sediment column, and (2) conventional seismic frequencies of 3.5 kHz or less sample these variations to subbottom depths of tens of meters and more. Whole-core properties are a function of the thickness and distribution of high-velocity silt and sand layers in the core; they vary in a complex fashion with proximity to the source of turbidity currents, distance from axial paths of turbidity-current flows, local and regional basin geometry, and seafloor slope. Thus strongly reflective seabed regions with numerous high-velocity layers are not restricted simply to near-source areas nor are weakly reflective seabed regions (clay sediments only) limited to ''distal'' areas. Whole-core properties show a good qualitative correlation to variations in 3.5-kHz reflection profiles, and 3.5-kHz echo character therefore provides a useful means of mapping general acoustic properties over large regions of abyssal plains.
    Beschreibung: Data collection and much of the analysis were supported by ONR Contract N00014-75-C-0210 to Lamont- Doherty Geological Observatory (Columbia University) during my residence there. At Woods Hole, support by ONR Contract N00014-79-C-0071, NR083-004 is gratefully acknowledged.
    Schlagwort(e): Sediments ; Sound waves ; Velocity ; Physical properties ; Atlantic Ocean
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  • 47
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    Morphology of late Quaternary submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental margin (2009)
    Elsevier B.V.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: This paper is not subject to U.S. copyright. The definitive version was published in Marine Geology 264 (2009): 4-15, doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.009.
    Beschreibung: The nearly complete coverage of the U.S. Atlantic continental slope and rise by multibeam bathymetry and backscatter imagery provides an opportunity to reevaluate the distribution of submarine landslides along the margin and reassess the controls on their formation. Landslides can be divided into two categories based on their source areas: those sourced in submarine canyons and those sourced on the open continental slope and rise. Landslide distribution is in part controlled by the Quaternary history of the margin. They cover 33% of the continental slope and rise of the glacially influenced New England margin, 16% of the sea floor offshore of the fluvially dominated Middle Atlantic margin, and 13% of the sea floor south of Cape Hatteras. The headwall scarps of open-slope sourced landslides occur mostly on the lower slope and upper rise while they occur mostly on the upper slope in the canyon-sourced ones. The deposits from both landslide categories are generally thin (mostly 20–40 m thick) and comprised primarily of Quaternary material, but the volumes of the open-slope sourced landslide deposits can be larger (1–392 km3) than the canyon-sourced ones (1–10 km3). The largest failures are located seaward of shelf-edge deltas along the southern New England margin and near salt domes that breach the sea floor south of Cape Hatteras. The spatial distribution of landslides indicates that earthquakes associated with rebound of the glaciated part of the margin or earthquakes associated with salt domes were probably the primary triggering mechanism although other processes may have pre-conditioned sediments for failure. The largest failures and those that have the potential to generate the largest tsunamis are the open-slope sourced landslides.
    Beschreibung: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the U.S. Geological Survey are acknowledged for their support of this research.Work was funded by US Nuclear Regulatory Commission grant N6480 Physical study of tsunami sources.
    Schlagwort(e): Landslides ; Continental margin ; Atlantic Ocean ; Sediments ; Slope processes
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  • 48
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    Mine burial experiments at the Martha’s Vineyard Coastal Observatory (2007)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © IEEE, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of IEEE for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 32 (2007): 150-166, doi:10.1109/JOE.2007.890956.
    Beschreibung: Several experiments to measure postimpact burial of seafloor mines by scour and fill have been conducted near the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO, Edgartown, MA). The sedimentary environment at MVCO consists of a series of rippled scour depressions (RSDs), which are large scale bedforms with alternating areas of coarse and fine sand. This allows simultaneous mine burial experiments in both coarse and fine sand under almost identical hydrodynamic forcing conditions. Two preliminary sets of mine scour burial experiments were conducted during winters 2001?2002 in fine sand and 2002?2003 in coarse sand with a single optically instrumented mine in the field of view of a rotary sidescan sonar. From October 2003 to April of 2004, ten instrumented mines were deployed along with several sonar systems to image mine behavior and to characterize bedform and oceanographic processes. In fine sand, the sonar imagery of the mines revealed that large scour pits form around the mines during energetic wave events. Mines fell into their own scour pits, aligned with the dominant wave crests and became level with the ambient seafloor after several energetic wave events. In quiescent periods, after the energetic wave events, the scour pits episodically infilled with mud. After several scour and infilling events, the scour pits were completely filled and a layer of fine sand covered both the mines and the scour pits, leaving no visible evidence of the mines. In the coarse sand, mines were observed to bury until the exposed height above the ripple crests was approximately the same as the large wave orbital ripple height (wavelengths of 50?125 cm and heights of 10?20 cm). A hypothesis for the physical mechanism responsible for this partial burial in the presence of large bedforms is that the mines bury until they present roughly the same hydrodynamic roughness as the orbital-scale bedforms present in coarse sand.
    Beschreibung: This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under Grants N00014-01-10564 and N0004-01-1-0847, by the Department of Defense Presidential Early Career Award, and by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Core funding under Program 061115N.
    Schlagwort(e): Acoustic imaging ; Mine burial ; Scour ; Sediments
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  • 49
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    Developing a national marine electronics agenda : proceedings of the Marine Instrumentation Panel meeting, September 12-14, 1989 (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Thirteen short papers address aspects of competitiveness in the marine electronics instrumentation industry. Topics include activity and status of government initiatives in Japan and Europe to promote this industry; and the possible role of federal-state collaboration in the U.S. Papers address technology transfer between research institutions and the commercial sector; the role of "strategic alliances" in this process; and the "dual-use" concept in effective technology development and commercialization. Other papers address electronic technology applications in speific marine areas, such as the use and implications of the COMSAT mobile satellite communication infrastructure; electronic charts and safety of tanker operations; and instrumentation applications in aquaculture and environmental monitoring.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through a grant to the Massachusetts Centers of Excellence Corporation, grant No. NA87-AA-D-M00037.
    Schlagwort(e): Marine electronics ; Marine instruments ; Competitiveness ; Commercialization ; Marine economics ; State economic initiatives ; Technology transfer ; R&D ; Japan ; Europe ; United States ; Massachusetts ; Hawaii ; Aquaculture ; Tanker safety
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 50
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    Reactive halogen chemistry in volcanic plumes (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-19
    Beschreibung: Bromine monoxide (BrO) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) abundances as a function of the distance from the source were measured by ground-based scattered-light Multi AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) in the volcanic plumes of Mt. Etna on Sicily, Italy in August-October 2004 and May 2005 and Villarica in Chile in November 2004. BrO and SO2 spatial distributions in a cross section of Mt. Etna’s plume were also determined by Imaging DOAS. We observed an increase in the BrO/SO2 ratio in the plume from below the detection limit near the vent to about 4.5 x 10-4 at 19 km (Mt. Etna) and to about 1.3 x 10-4 at 3 km (Villarica) distance, respectively. Additional attempts were undertaken to evaluate the compositions of individual vents on Mt. Etna. Furthermore, we detected the halogen species ClO and OClO. This is the first time that OClO could be detected in a volcanic plume. Using calculated thermodynamic equilibrium compositions as input data for a one–dimensional photochemical model, we could reproduce the observed BrO and SO2 vertical columns in the plume and their ratio as function of distance from the volcano as well as vertical BrO and SO2 profiles across the plume with current knowledge of multiphase halogen chemistry, but only when we assumed the existence of an ”effective source region”, where volcanic volatiles and ambient air are mixed at about 600°C (in the proportions of 60% and 40%, respectively)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: D06311
    Beschreibung: 3V. Proprietà chimico-fisiche dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Volcanic Plumes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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    Geoacoustic inversion by mode amplitude perturbation (2008)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123 (2008): 667-678, doi:10.1121/1.2821975.
    Beschreibung: This paper introduces a perturbative inversion algorithm for determining sea floor acoustic properties, which uses modal amplitudes as input data. Perturbative inverse methods have been used in the past to estimate bottom acoustic properties in sediments, but up to this point these methods have used only the modal eigenvalues as input data. As with previous perturbative inversion methods, the one developed in this paper solves the nonlinear inverse problem using a series of approximate, linear steps. Examples of the method applied to synthetic and experimental data are provided to demonstrate the method's feasibility. Finally, it is shown that modal eigenvalue and amplitude perturbation can be combined into a single inversion algorithm that uses all of the potentially available modal data.
    Beschreibung: Funding for the research presented here was provided by the Office of Naval Research, and the WHOI Academic Programs Office.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysical techniques ; Inverse problems ; Sediments ; Seismology
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  • 52
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    Data file : continental margin program : Atlantic coast of the United States: vol. 1: sample collection data; supplement 1 (2008)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Originally issued as Reference No. 67-21
    Beschreibung: This supplement to Volume I of the Data File, Continental Margin, Atlantic Coast of the United States (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Ref. No. 66-8) consists of three parts: 1. Errata for Volume I, 2. New station and sample data added to the file, and 3. Miscellaneous tables of information pertaining to the file. The user is referred to Volume I for explanation of the headings and abbreviations used and for a discussion of the structure of the file.
    Beschreibung: Submitted to the U.S. Geological Survey under Contract No. 14-08-0001-8358.
    Schlagwort(e): Continental margins ; Oceanography ; United States
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    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 53
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    New perspectives on radium behavior within a subterranean estuary (2008)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Marine Chemistry 109 (2008): 250-267, doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2007.12.002.
    Beschreibung: Over the past decade, radium isotopes have been frequently applied as tracers of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The unique radium signature of SGD is acquired within the subterranean estuary, a mixing zone between fresh groundwater and seawater in coastal aquifers, yet little is known about what controls Ra cycling in this system. The focus of this study was to examine controls on sediment and groundwater radium activities within permeable aquifer sands (Waquoit Bay, MA, USA) through a combination of field and laboratory studies. In the field, a series of sediment cores and corresponding groundwater profiles were collected for analysis of the four radium isotopes, as well as dissolved and sediment associated manganese, iron, and barium. We found that in addition to greater desorption at increasing salinity, radium was also closely tied to manganese and iron redox cycling within these sediments. A series of laboratory adsorption/desorption experiments helped elucidate the importance of 1) contact time between sediment and water, 2) salinity of water in contact with sediment, 3) redox conditions of water in contact with sediment, and 4) the chemical characteristics of sediment on radium adsorption/desorption. We found that these reactions are rapid (on the order of hours), desorption increases with increasing salinity and decreasing pH, and the presence of Fe and Mn (hydr)oxides on the sediment inhibit the release of radium. These sediments have a large capacity to sorb radium from fresh water. Combined with these experimental results, we present evidence from time series groundwater sampling that within this subterranean estuary there are cyclic periods of Ra accumulation and release controlled by changing salinity and redox conditions.
    Beschreibung: This work is a result of research sponsored by NSF (OCE- 0425061 to M.A.C.), the WHOI-NOC Student Exchange program (to P.J.M), and the WHOI Postdoctoral Scholar program (to H.D.).
    Schlagwort(e): Radium ; Sediments ; Desorption ; Adsorption ; Barium ; Submarine groundwater ; Subterranean estuary ; Redox reactions ; Ion exchange ; Distribution coefficient
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 54
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    NIH responds to critics on peer review (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-06-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 12;453(7197):835. doi: 10.1038/453835a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18548033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Financing, Organized/economics/*organization & administration ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Peer Review, Research/*methods/*standards ; Research Personnel/economics/standards ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Genetics bill cruises through Senate (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-05-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 1;453(7191):9. doi: 10.1038/453009a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18461710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Federal Government ; Genetic Privacy/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Genetics, Medical/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Genomics/legislation & jurisprudence/trends ; Humans ; Individuality ; *Prejudice ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Revamp for NIH grants (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-02-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 28;451(7182):1035. doi: 10.1038/4511035a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18305502" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Financing, Organized/economics/*organization & administration ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics/*organization & administration ; Peer Review, Research/*methods/trends ; Research Personnel ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Crunch time for peer review in lawsuit (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-03-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wadman, Meredith -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 6;452(7183):6-7. doi: 10.1038/452006a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18322484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Celecoxib ; Confidentiality/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Drug Industry ; Humans ; *Isoxazoles/adverse effects/pharmacology ; Peer Review, Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Periodicals as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Pyrazoles/adverse effects/pharmacology ; *Sulfonamides/adverse effects/pharmacology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Proteasome subunit Rpn13 is a novel ubiquitin receptor (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-05-24
    Beschreibung: Proteasomal receptors that recognize ubiquitin chains attached to substrates are key mediators of selective protein degradation in eukaryotes. Here we report the identification of a new ubiquitin receptor, Rpn13/ARM1, a known component of the proteasome. Rpn13 binds ubiquitin through a conserved amino-terminal region termed the pleckstrin-like receptor for ubiquitin (Pru) domain, which binds K48-linked diubiquitin with an affinity of approximately 90 nM. Like proteasomal ubiquitin receptor Rpn10/S5a, Rpn13 also binds ubiquitin-like (UBL) domains of UBL-ubiquitin-associated (UBA) proteins. In yeast, a synthetic phenotype results when specific mutations of the ubiquitin binding sites of Rpn10 and Rpn13 are combined, indicating functional linkage between these ubiquitin receptors. Because Rpn13 is also the proteasomal receptor for Uch37, a deubiquitinating enzyme, our findings suggest a coupling of chain recognition and disassembly at the proteasome.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2839886/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2839886/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Husnjak, Koraljka -- Elsasser, Suzanne -- Zhang, Naixia -- Chen, Xiang -- Randles, Leah -- Shi, Yuan -- Hofmann, Kay -- Walters, Kylie J -- Finley, Daniel -- Dikic, Ivan -- CA097004/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM008700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM043601/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA097004/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA097004-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA097004-06A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM043601/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM043601-17/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008700-09/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):481-8. doi: 10.1038/nature06926.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biochemistry II and Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites/genetics ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation/genetics ; Phenotype ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/*metabolism
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    Stem-cell futures (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-11-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 20;456(7220):282. doi: 10.1038/456282a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cell Line ; *Federal Government ; Humans ; Leadership ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Stem Cells/cytology ; United States
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    Identification of the sex genes in an early diverged fungus (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-01-11
    Beschreibung: Sex determination in fungi is controlled by a small, specialized region of the genome in contrast to the large sex-specific chromosomes of animals and some plants. Different gene combinations reside at these mating-type (MAT) loci and confer sexual identity; invariably they encode homeodomain, alpha-box, or high mobility group (HMG)-domain transcription factors. So far, MAT loci have been characterized from a single monophyletic clade of fungi, the Dikarya (the ascomycetes and basidiomycetes), and the ancestral state and evolutionary history of these loci have remained a mystery. Mating in the basal members of the kingdom has been less well studied, and even their precise taxonomic inter-relationships are still obscure. Here we apply bioinformatic and genetic mapping to identify the sex-determining (sex) region in Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Zygomycota), which represents an early branch within the fungi. Each sex allele contains a single gene that encodes an HMG-domain protein, implicating the HMG-domain proteins as an earlier form of fungal MAT loci. Additionally, one allele also contains a copy of a unique, chromosome-specific repetitive element, suggesting a generalized mechanism for the earliest steps in the evolution of sex determination and sex chromosome structure in eukaryotes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Idnurm, Alexander -- Walton, Felicia J -- Floyd, Anna -- Heitman, Joseph -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 10;451(7175):193-6. doi: 10.1038/nature06453.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18185588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Fertility/genetics ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Fungi/classification/*genetics ; Genes, Fungal/*genetics ; Genes, Mating Type, Fungal/genetics ; HMG-Box Domains ; Heterozygote ; High Mobility Group Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Phylogeny ; Recombination, Genetic/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics ; *Sex ; *Sex Determination Processes
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    Animals aren't drugs (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-11-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):2. doi: 10.1038/456002a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18987684" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Animals, Genetically Modified ; Biotechnology/legislation & jurisprudence ; Food, Genetically Modified/standards ; *Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; *Legislation, Drug ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration/*legislation & jurisprudence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Beyond rocket science (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-07-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smaglik, Paul -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):818-20. doi: 10.1038/nj7196-818a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18623624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Academies and Institutes/*organization & administration/trends ; Alabama ; Biomedical Research/trends ; Biotechnology/*manpower/*organization & administration/trends ; Employment/trends ; Entrepreneurship/trends ; Humans ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/*trends ; Universities/manpower
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    A risk worth taking (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-10-31
    Beschreibung: An experiment by the Gates Foundation is food for thought for other research agencies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 30;455(7217):1150. doi: 10.1038/4551150a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18971970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Biomedical Research/economics ; Creativity ; Foundations/*economics ; Humans ; Investments ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Peer Review, Research/*standards ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; *Risk-Taking ; United States
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    Polo-like kinase-1 is activated by aurora A to promote checkpoint recovery (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-07-11
    Beschreibung: Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) is an essential mitotic kinase regulating multiple aspects of the cell division process. Activation of PLK1 requires phosphorylation of a conserved threonine residue (Thr 210) in the T-loop of the PLK1 kinase domain, but the kinase responsible for this has not yet been affirmatively identified. Here we show that in human cells PLK1 activation occurs several hours before entry into mitosis, and requires aurora A (AURKA, also known as STK6)-dependent phosphorylation of Thr 210. We find that aurora A can directly phosphorylate PLK1 on Thr 210, and that activity of aurora A towards PLK1 is greatly enhanced by Bora (also known as C13orf34 and FLJ22624), a known cofactor for aurora A (ref. 7). We show that Bora/aurora-A-dependent phosphorylation is a prerequisite for PLK1 to promote mitotic entry after a checkpoint-dependent arrest. Importantly, expression of a PLK1-T210D phospho-mimicking mutant partially overcomes the requirement for aurora A in checkpoint recovery. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the initial activation of PLK1 is a primary function of aurora A.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macurek, Libor -- Lindqvist, Arne -- Lim, Dan -- Lampson, Michael A -- Klompmaker, Rob -- Freire, Raimundo -- Clouin, Christophe -- Taylor, Stephen S -- Yaffe, Michael B -- Medema, Rene H -- CA112967/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-60594/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 4;455(7209):119-23. doi: 10.1038/nature07185. Epub 2008 Jul 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CG, The Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18615013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aurora Kinase A ; Aurora Kinases ; Cell Cycle/*physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA Damage ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Mitosis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphothreonine/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    America's choice (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-10-31
    Beschreibung: The values of scientific enquiry, rather than any particular policy positions on science, suggest a preference for one US presidential candidate over the other.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 30;455(7217):1149. doi: 10.1038/4551149a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18971969" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Federal Government ; *Politics ; *Science/standards ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Snapshot: Green ham (no eggs) (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-10-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 16;455(7215):848. doi: 10.1038/455848a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18923477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Luminescence ; Mice ; *Nobel Prize ; *Research Personnel ; Swine ; United States
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    Translational control of intron splicing in eukaryotes (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-01-19
    Beschreibung: Most eukaryotic genes are interrupted by non-coding introns that must be accurately removed from pre-messenger RNAs to produce translatable mRNAs. Splicing is guided locally by short conserved sequences, but genes typically contain many potential splice sites, and the mechanisms specifying the correct sites remain poorly understood. In most organisms, short introns recognized by the intron definition mechanism cannot be efficiently predicted solely on the basis of sequence motifs. In multicellular eukaryotes, long introns are recognized through exon definition and most genes produce multiple mRNA variants through alternative splicing. The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway may further shape the observed sets of variants by selectively degrading those containing premature termination codons, which are frequently produced in mammals. Here we show that the tiny introns of the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia are under strong selective pressure to cause premature termination of mRNA translation in the event of intron retention, and that the same bias is observed among the short introns of plants, fungi and animals. By knocking down the two P. tetraurelia genes encoding UPF1, a protein that is crucial in NMD, we show that the intrinsic efficiency of splicing varies widely among introns and that NMD activity can significantly reduce the fraction of unspliced mRNAs. The results suggest that, independently of alternative splicing, species with large intron numbers universally rely on NMD to compensate for suboptimal splicing efficiency and accuracy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaillon, Olivier -- Bouhouche, Khaled -- Gout, Jean-Francois -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Noel, Benjamin -- Saudemont, Baptiste -- Nowacki, Mariusz -- Serrano, Vincent -- Porcel, Betina M -- Segurens, Beatrice -- Le Mouel, Anne -- Lepere, Gersende -- Schachter, Vincent -- Betermier, Mireille -- Cohen, Jean -- Wincker, Patrick -- Sperling, Linda -- Duret, Laurent -- Meyer, Eric -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 17;451(7176):359-62. doi: 10.1038/nature06495.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genoscope (CEA), 2 rue Gaston Cremieux CP5706, 91057 Evry, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18202663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Alternative Splicing ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Codon, Terminator/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Eukaryotic Cells/*metabolism ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Genes, Protozoan/genetics ; Introns/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Paramecium/*genetics ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Protozoan/genetics/metabolism
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    Egg shortage hits race to clone human stem cells (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-06-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maher, Brendan -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 12;453(7197):828-9. doi: 10.1038/453828a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18548027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Female ; Humans ; Oocyte Donation/*economics/ethics/*legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & ; numerical data ; Ovum/cytology ; *Research Embryo Creation/economics/ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *State Government ; United States
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    Polar bear numbers set to fall (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-05-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Courtland, Rachel -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):432-3. doi: 10.1038/453432a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497777" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arctic Regions ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence/trends ; *Greenhouse Effect ; *Ice Cover ; Internationality ; Population Density ; Time Factors ; United States ; Ursidae/*physiology
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    Endogenous siRNAs from naturally formed dsRNAs regulate transcripts in mouse oocytes (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-04-12
    Beschreibung: RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism by which double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) suppress specific transcripts in a sequence-dependent manner. dsRNAs are processed by Dicer to 21-24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and then incorporated into the argonaute (Ago) proteins. Gene regulation by endogenous siRNAs has been observed only in organisms possessing RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). In mammals, where no RdRP activity has been found, biogenesis and function of endogenous siRNAs remain largely unknown. Here we show, using mouse oocytes, that endogenous siRNAs are derived from naturally occurring dsRNAs and have roles in the regulation of gene expression. By means of deep sequencing, we identify a large number of both approximately 25-27-nucleotide Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and approximately 21-nucleotide siRNAs corresponding to messenger RNAs or retrotransposons in growing oocytes. piRNAs are bound to Mili and have a role in the regulation of retrotransposons. siRNAs are exclusively mapped to retrotransposons or other genomic regions that produce transcripts capable of forming dsRNA structures. Inverted repeat structures, bidirectional transcription and antisense transcripts from various loci are sources of the dsRNAs. Some precursor transcripts of siRNAs are derived from expressed pseudogenes, indicating that one role of pseudogenes is to adjust the level of the founding source mRNA through RNAi. Loss of Dicer or Ago2 results in decreased levels of siRNAs and increased levels of retrotransposon and protein-coding transcripts complementary to the siRNAs. Thus, the RNAi pathway regulates both protein-coding transcripts and retrotransposons in mouse oocytes. Our results reveal a role for endogenous siRNAs in mammalian oocytes and show that organisms lacking RdRP activity can produce functional endogenous siRNAs from naturally occurring dsRNAs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watanabe, Toshiaki -- Totoki, Yasushi -- Toyoda, Atsushi -- Kaneda, Masahiro -- Kuramochi-Miyagawa, Satomi -- Obata, Yayoi -- Chiba, Hatsune -- Kohara, Yuji -- Kono, Tomohiro -- Nakano, Toru -- Surani, M Azim -- Sakaki, Yoshiyuki -- Sasaki, Hiroyuki -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):539-43. doi: 10.1038/nature06908. Epub 2008 Apr 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Human Genetics, Department of Integrated Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Mishima 411-8540, Japan. toshwata@lab.nig.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18404146" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Argonaute Proteins ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Library ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/growth & development/*metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pseudogenes/genetics ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Double-Stranded/*genetics/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/*genetics/*metabolism ; Retroelements/genetics ; Ribonuclease III/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
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    New York to police air monitoring (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-02-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Courtland, Rachel -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 31;451(7178):508. doi: 10.1038/451508a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18235463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Law Enforcement ; New York City ; Police/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Security Measures/legislation & jurisprudence ; Terrorism/prevention & control ; Time Factors ; United States ; United States Department of Homeland Security/legislation & jurisprudence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Life after Zerhouni (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-10-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 2;455(7213):565-6. doi: 10.1038/455565b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18833222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; Leadership ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/ethics/*organization & ; administration/*trends ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Military research: the Pentagon's culture wars (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-10-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinberger, Sharon -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 2;455(7213):583-5. doi: 10.1038/455583a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18833247" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Afghanistan ; Anthropology ; Iraq ; Military Science/*methods ; Social Sciences/*trends ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    A question of balance (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-10-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 2;455(7213):565. doi: 10.1038/455565a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18833221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Conservation of Energy Resources/economics/*trends ; Economics/*trends ; *Federal Government ; Greenhouse Effect ; Technology/economics/*trends ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Localization and functionality of microsporidian iron-sulphur cluster assembly proteins (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-03-04
    Beschreibung: Microsporidia are highly specialized obligate intracellular parasites of other eukaryotes (including humans) that show extreme reduction at the molecular, cellular and biochemical level. Although microsporidia have long been considered as early branching eukaryotes that lack mitochondria, they have recently been shown to contain a tiny mitochondrial remnant called a mitosome. The function of the mitosome is unknown, because microsporidians lack the genes for canonical mitochondrial functions, such as aerobic respiration and haem biosynthesis. However, microsporidial genomes encode several components of the mitochondrial iron-sulphur (Fe-S) cluster assembly machinery. Here we provide experimental insights into the metabolic function and localization of these proteins. We cloned, functionally characterized and localized homologues of several central mitochondrial Fe-S cluster assembly components for the microsporidians Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Trachipleistophora hominis. Several microsporidial proteins can functionally replace their yeast counterparts in Fe-S protein biogenesis. In E. cuniculi, the iron (frataxin) and sulphur (cysteine desulphurase, Nfs1) donors and the scaffold protein (Isu1) co-localize with mitochondrial Hsp70 to the mitosome, consistent with it being the functional site for Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. In T. hominis, mitochondrial Hsp70 and the essential sulphur donor (Nfs1) are still in the mitosome, but surprisingly the main pools of Isu1 and frataxin are cytosolic, creating a conundrum of how these key components of Fe-S cluster biosynthesis coordinate their function. Together, our studies identify the essential biosynthetic process of Fe-S protein assembly as a key function of microsporidian mitosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, Alina V -- Molik, Sabine -- Tsaousis, Anastasios D -- Neumann, Karina -- Kuhnke, Grit -- Delbac, Frederic -- Vivares, Christian P -- Hirt, Robert P -- Lill, Roland -- Embley, T Martin -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):624-8. doi: 10.1038/nature06606. Epub 2008 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, The Catherine Cookson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18311129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Iron-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Iron-Sulfur Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Microsporidia/cytology/genetics/*metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Transport ; Rabbits ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology/genetics/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 76
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    America's new leadership (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-11-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):16. doi: 10.1038/456016a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18987708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Conservation of Energy Resources/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/trends ; *Federal Government ; Humans ; Leadership ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Research Personnel/economics/psychology ; Research Support as Topic/*economics/legislation & jurisprudence/trends ; Science/*economics/legislation & jurisprudence/trends ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/economics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 77
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    America's fresh start (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 25;455(7212):431. doi: 10.1038/455431a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18818598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Embryonic Stem Cells ; *Federal Government ; Greenhouse Effect ; Humans ; *Politics ; Religion and Science ; Research Support as Topic ; Science/*economics/trends ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 78
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    Defence research: still in the lead? (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-01-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinberger, Sharon -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 24;451(7177):390-3. doi: 10.1038/451390a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18216826" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bionics/trends ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Internet ; Research/history/*trends ; Robotics/trends ; Security Measures/history/organization & administration/*trends ; Technology/history/*trends ; Terrorism/prevention & control ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/economics/history/organization & ; administration/*trends
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Innovative ideas (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):273. doi: 10.1038/455273b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18800096" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Competitive Behavior ; *Creativity ; *Federal Government ; Leadership ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 80
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    US election: Not the best advice (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 25;455(7212):453. doi: 10.1038/455453a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18818626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Confidentiality ; *Federal Government ; Science/*organization & administration/trends ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Antigenic variation in Giardia lamblia is regulated by RNA interference (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-12-17
    Beschreibung: Giardia lamblia (also called Giardia intestinalis) is one of the most common intestinal parasites of humans. To evade the host's immune response, Giardia undergoes antigenic variation-a process that allows the parasite to develop chronic and recurrent infections. From a repertoire of approximately 190 variant-specific surface protein (VSP)-coding genes, Giardia expresses only one VSP on the surface of each parasite at a particular time, but spontaneously switches to a different VSP by unknown mechanisms. Here we show that regulation of VSP expression involves a system comprising RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, Dicer and Argonaute, known components of the RNA interference machinery. Clones expressing a single surface antigen efficiently transcribe several VSP genes but only accumulate transcripts encoding the VSP to be expressed. Detection of antisense RNAs corresponding to the silenced VSP genes and small RNAs from the silenced but not for the expressed vsp implicate the RNA interference pathway in antigenic variation. Remarkably, silencing of Dicer and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase leads to a change from single to multiple VSP expression in individual parasites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prucca, Cesar G -- Slavin, Ileana -- Quiroga, Rodrigo -- Elias, Eliana V -- Rivero, Fernando D -- Saura, Alicia -- Carranza, Pedro G -- Lujan, Hugo D -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 11;456(7223):750-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07585.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorio de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Catolica de Cordoba, Cordoba X5004ASK, Argentina.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19079052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Antigenic Variation/*genetics/immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/*genetics/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Giardia lamblia/*genetics/immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/immunology ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Protozoan/metabolism ; Ribonuclease III/metabolism
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    Big data: Data wrangling (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 4;455(7209):15. doi: 10.1038/455015a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉House Committee on Science. partyofone@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18769410" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Ecosystem ; *Environmental Monitoring/economics ; *Federal Government ; *Politics ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Financial planning (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-08-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 7;454(7205):680. doi: 10.1038/454680a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉House Committee on Science. partyofonecolumn@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18685673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Budgets/*legislation & jurisprudence/*trends ; *Federal Government ; *Politics ; Research Support as Topic/economics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Science/*economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Time Factors ; United States
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    Getting it across (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-07-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 3;454(7200):16. doi: 10.1038/454016a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard University's Center for the Environment, USA. partyofonecolumn@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18596778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Federal Government ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Lobbying ; Oceans and Seas ; Policy Making ; Seawater/*chemistry ; United States
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    Innate immunity and intestinal microbiota in the development of Type 1 diabetes (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-23
    Beschreibung: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a debilitating autoimmune disease that results from T-cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells. Its incidence has increased during the past several decades in developed countries, suggesting that changes in the environment (including the human microbial environment) may influence disease pathogenesis. The incidence of spontaneous T1D in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice can be affected by the microbial environment in the animal housing facility or by exposure to microbial stimuli, such as injection with mycobacteria or various microbial products. Here we show that specific pathogen-free NOD mice lacking MyD88 protein (an adaptor for multiple innate immune receptors that recognize microbial stimuli) do not develop T1D. The effect is dependent on commensal microbes because germ-free MyD88-negative NOD mice develop robust diabetes, whereas colonization of these germ-free MyD88-negative NOD mice with a defined microbial consortium (representing bacterial phyla normally present in human gut) attenuates T1D. We also find that MyD88 deficiency changes the composition of the distal gut microbiota, and that exposure to the microbiota of specific pathogen-free MyD88-negative NOD donors attenuates T1D in germ-free NOD recipients. Together, these findings indicate that interaction of the intestinal microbes with the innate immune system is a critical epigenetic factor modifying T1D predisposition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2574766/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2574766/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wen, Li -- Ley, Ruth E -- Volchkov, Pavel Yu -- Stranges, Peter B -- Avanesyan, Lia -- Stonebraker, Austin C -- Hu, Changyun -- Wong, F Susan -- Szot, Gregory L -- Bluestone, Jeffrey A -- Gordon, Jeffrey I -- Chervonsky, Alexander V -- DK063452/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK30292/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK42086/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK45735/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK70977/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK042086/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK042086-16/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK045735/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK045735-10/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK045735-119006/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341-07/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK063720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK063720-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK63720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK030292/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK030292-24/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070977/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070977-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK063452/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK063452-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI046643/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI046643-10/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI46643/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1109-13. doi: 10.1038/nature07336. Epub 2008 Sep 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806780" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bacteria/classification/genetics/*immunology/isolation & purification ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics/*immunology/*microbiology ; Female ; Immunity, Innate/genetics/*immunology ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Intestines/*microbiology ; Islets of Langerhans/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, SCID ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Time Factors
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    A delicate balance (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-06-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 12;453(7197):838. doi: 10.1038/453838a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard University's Center for the Environment, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18548041" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Biomedical Research/*economics ; *Federal Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Technology Transfer ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Eyewitness identification: line-ups on trial (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-05-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spinney, Laura -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):442-4. doi: 10.1038/453442a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Crime/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Criminal Law/*methods/standards ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Police ; Reproducibility of Results ; *Research ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Hazy reasoning behind clean air (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-04-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):519. doi: 10.1038/452519a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard University's Center for the Environment. partyofonecolumn@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18385707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Air Pollution/analysis/*legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control ; *Federal Government ; Humans ; Ozone/analysis/toxicity ; Plants/drug effects ; Smog/analysis/prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Uncertainty ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency/*legislation & jurisprudence
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    Profile: Learning from death (2008)
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    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-05-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wenner, Melinda -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 15;453(7193):271-3. doi: 10.1038/453271a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18480787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Apoptosis ; Caspases/metabolism ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Kenya ; Neoplasms/pathology/therapy ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 90
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    A debatable proposition (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-02-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 7;451(7179):621. doi: 10.1038/451621a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Budgets/trends ; *Federal Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Persuasive Communication ; *Politics ; *Science/economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 91
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    Shattered illusions (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-01-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldston, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 24;451(7177):387. doi: 10.1038/451387a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18216824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Budgets/trends ; *Federal Government ; Lobbying ; Politics ; Research/*economics ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 92
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    Control of segment number in vertebrate embryos (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-06-20
    Beschreibung: The vertebrate body axis is subdivided into repeated segments, best exemplified by the vertebrae that derive from embryonic somites. The number of somites is precisely defined for any given species but varies widely from one species to another. To determine the mechanism controlling somite number, we have compared somitogenesis in zebrafish, chicken, mouse and corn snake embryos. Here we present evidence that in all of these species a similar 'clock-and-wavefront' mechanism operates to control somitogenesis; in all of them, somitogenesis is brought to an end through a process in which the presomitic mesoderm, having first increased in size, gradually shrinks until it is exhausted, terminating somite formation. In snake embryos, however, the segmentation clock rate is much faster relative to developmental rate than in other amniotes, leading to a greatly increased number of smaller-sized somites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gomez, Celine -- Ozbudak, Ertugrul M -- Wunderlich, Joshua -- Baumann, Diana -- Lewis, Julian -- Pourquie, Olivier -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 17;454(7202):335-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07020. Epub 2008 Jun 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563087" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Body Patterning/genetics ; Chick Embryo/*embryology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Mice/*embryology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Snakes/*embryology ; Somites/*embryology ; Time Factors ; Zebrafish/*embryology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 93
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    A peptide deformylase-ribosome complex reveals mechanism of nascent chain processing (2008)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-02-22
    Beschreibung: Messenger-RNA-directed protein synthesis is accomplished by the ribosome. In eubacteria, this complex process is initiated by a specialized transfer RNA charged with formylmethionine (tRNA(fMet)). The amino-terminal formylated methionine of all bacterial nascent polypeptides blocks the reactive amino group to prevent unfavourable side-reactions and to enhance the efficiency of translation initiation. The first enzymatic factor that processes nascent chains is peptide deformylase (PDF); it removes this formyl group as polypeptides emerge from the ribosomal tunnel and before the newly synthesized proteins can adopt their native fold, which may bury the N terminus. Next, the N-terminal methionine is excised by methionine aminopeptidase. Bacterial PDFs are metalloproteases sharing a conserved N-terminal catalytic domain. All Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, possess class-1 PDFs characterized by a carboxy-terminal alpha-helical extension. Studies focusing on PDF as a target for antibacterial drugs have not revealed the mechanism of its co-translational mode of action despite indications in early work that it co-purifies with ribosomes. Here we provide biochemical evidence that E. coli PDF interacts directly with the ribosome via its C-terminal extension. Crystallographic analysis of the complex between the ribosome-interacting helix of PDF and the ribosome at 3.7 A resolution reveals that the enzyme orients its active site towards the ribosomal tunnel exit for efficient co-translational processing of emerging nascent chains. Furthermore, we have found that the interaction of PDF with the ribosome enhances cell viability. These results provide the structural basis for understanding the coupling between protein synthesis and enzymatic processing of nascent chains, and offer insights into the interplay of PDF with the ribosome-associated chaperone trigger factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bingel-Erlenmeyer, Rouven -- Kohler, Rebecca -- Kramer, Gunter -- Sandikci, Arzu -- Antolic, Snjezana -- Maier, Timm -- Schaffitzel, Christiane -- Wiedmann, Brigitte -- Bukau, Bernd -- Ban, Nenad -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 6;452(7183):108-11. doi: 10.1038/nature06683. Epub 2008 Feb 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18288106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amidohydrolases/*chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabinose/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; N-Formylmethionine/metabolism ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; *Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; RNA, Transfer, Met/genetics/metabolism ; Ribosome Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Ribosomes/*chemistry/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 94
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    Doubly endangered (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-08-30
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1029. doi: 10.1038/4541029a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18756202" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence/trends ; Ecology/*legislation & jurisprudence/methods ; Ecosystem ; *Federal Government ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 95
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    Case not closed (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-08-23
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 21;454(7207):917. doi: 10.1038/454917a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18719537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Anthrax ; Bioterrorism/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Forensic Sciences/*standards ; Law Enforcement/*ethics ; Research Personnel/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Suicide ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 96
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    Japan fast-tracks stem-cell patent (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cyranoski, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):269. doi: 10.1038/455269b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18800093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/physiology ; Animals ; Humans ; Internationality ; Japan ; Mice ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Time Factors ; United States ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 97
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    Japan ramps up patent effort to keep iPS lead (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-06-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cyranoski, David -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 19;453(7198):962-3. doi: 10.1038/453962a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563108" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Humans ; Japan ; Mice ; *Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 98
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    A new class of anthelmintics effective against drug-resistant nematodes (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-03-14
    Beschreibung: Anthelmintic resistance in human and animal pathogenic helminths has been spreading in prevalence and severity to a point where multidrug resistance against the three major classes of anthelmintics--the benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles and macrocyclic lactones--has become a global phenomenon in gastrointestinal nematodes of farm animals. Hence, there is an urgent need for an anthelmintic with a new mode of action. Here we report the discovery of the amino-acetonitrile derivatives (AADs) as a new chemical class of synthetic anthelmintics and describe the development of drug candidates that are efficacious against various species of livestock-pathogenic nematodes. These drug candidates seem to have a novel mode of action involving a unique, nematode-specific clade of acetylcholine receptor subunits. The AADs are well tolerated and of low toxicity to mammals, and overcome existing resistances to the currently available anthelmintics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaminsky, Ronald -- Ducray, Pierre -- Jung, Martin -- Clover, Ralph -- Rufener, Lucien -- Bouvier, Jacques -- Weber, Sandra Schorderet -- Wenger, Andre -- Wieland-Berghausen, Susanne -- Goebel, Thomas -- Gauvry, Noelle -- Pautrat, Francois -- Skripsky, Thomas -- Froelich, Olivier -- Komoin-Oka, Clarisse -- Westlund, Bethany -- Sluder, Ann -- Maser, Pascal -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 13;452(7184):176-80. doi: 10.1038/nature06722.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Novartis Centre de Recherche Sante Animale, CH-1566 St Aubin (FR), Switzerland. ronald.kaminsky@novartis.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18337814" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Aminoacetonitrile/adverse effects/*analogs & ; derivatives/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Anthelmintics/chemistry/*classification/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology ; Caenorhabditis elegans/drug effects/genetics/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/drug therapy/parasitology ; *Drug Resistance/genetics ; Larva/drug effects/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nematoda/*drug effects/genetics/physiology ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/drug therapy/*parasitology ; Receptors, Nicotinic/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Sheep/parasitology ; Sheep Diseases/drug therapy/parasitology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 99
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    Changing the rules won't stop the rise of a new superpower (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-09-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maseland, Robbert -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 11;455(7210):167. doi: 10.1038/455167c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18784701" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Competitive Behavior ; Creativity ; Europe ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Internationality ; Science/history/*standards/trends ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Obituary: George Emil Palade (1912-2008) (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2008-11-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blobel, Gunter -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):52. doi: 10.1038/456052a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gunter Blobel is at the Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA. blobel@mail.rockefeller.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18987733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Cell Physiological Phenomena ; History, 20th Century ; Microscopy, Electron/history ; Organelles/ultrastructure ; Romania ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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