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  • Articles  (2,047)
  • United States  (1,666)
  • Transcription, Genetic  (327)
  • Chemistry
  • 2005-2009  (1,191)
  • 1985-1989  (856)
  • Computer Science  (2,047)
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  • Articles  (2,047)
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  • 1
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    Crisis in biosystematics of arthropods (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oliver, J H Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):967.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3368789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Arthropod Vectors ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Amyloid protein precursor messenger RNAs: differential expression in Alzheimer's disease (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-08-26
    Description: In situ hybridization was used to assess total amyloid protein precursor (APP) messenger RNA and the subset of APP mRNA containing the Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) insert in 11 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 7 control brains. In AD, a significant twofold increase was observed in total APP mRNA in nucleus basalis and locus ceruleus neurons but not in hippocampal subicular neurons, neurons of the basis pontis, or occipital cortical neurons. The increase in total APP mRNA in locus ceruleus and nucleus basalis neurons was due exclusively to an increase in APP mRNA lacking the KPI domain. These findings suggest that increased production of APP lacking the KPI domain in nucleus basalis and locus ceruleus neurons may play an important role in the deposition of cerebral amyloid that occurs in AD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palmert, M R -- Golde, T E -- Cohen, M L -- Kovacs, D M -- Tanzi, R E -- Gusella, J F -- Usiak, M F -- Younkin, L H -- Younkin, S G -- 5T32GM07250/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AG06656/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH43444/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 26;241(4869):1080-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Neuropathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2457949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid/*genetics ; Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Brain/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Locus Coeruleus/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Operator Regions, Genetic ; Plasmids ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Complementary ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Trypsin Inhibitors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Characterization of a helical protein designed from first principles (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-08-19
    Description: The question of how the primary amino acid sequence of a protein determines its three-dimensional structure is still unanswered. One approach to this problem involves the de novo design of model peptides and proteins that should adopt desired three-dimensional structures. A systematic approach was aimed at the design of a four-helix bundle protein. The gene encoding the designed protein was synthesized and the protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. The protein was shown to be monomeric, highly helical, and very stable to denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl). Thus a globular protein has been designed that is capable of adopting a stable, folded structure in aqueous solution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Regan, L -- DeGrado, W F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 19;241(4868):976-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Central Research & Development Department, Wilmington, DE 19898.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3043666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Chromatography, Gel ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; *Protein Conformation ; *Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Relman on Maddox (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Relman, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 21;242(4877):348.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Periodicals as Topic ; *Publishing ; Research/*standards ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Watson may head genome office (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):878-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3363368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Administrative Personnel ; *Base Sequence ; *Chromosomes, Human ; *Genes ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Research Support as Topic/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Academy backs genome project (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 12;239(4841 Pt 1):725-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3340854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Societies, Scientific ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Site-directed mutagenesis of two trans-regulatory genes (tat-III,trs) of HIV-1 (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-19
    Description: Point mutations were introduced into the overlapping trans-regulatory genes (tat-III and trs) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and the mutants were evaluated for virus expression. The results showed that tat-III has a positive transacting role and is required for transcriptional activation. A chain terminating mutation early in the trs gene resulted in an increase in transcription of viral messenger RNA as measured by nuclear transcription experiments, but only one major species of viral messenger RNA (1.8 kilobases) was detected, and little or no viral structural proteins were made. Thus, the trs gene product is essential for expression of virus structural proteins but, at the same time, may have a negative trans-regulatory role in transcription. Cotransfection of the point mutant proviruses defective in tat or trs with each other or with a complementary DNA clone containing tat and trs sequences restored the normal transcription pattern and subsequent virus production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sadaie, M R -- Benter, T -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 19;239(4842):910-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3277284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Codon ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; HIV/*genetics ; Humans ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; *Mutation ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Biologically effective ultraviolet radiation: surface measurements in the United States, 1974 to 1985 (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-12
    Description: Recent reports of stratospheric ozone depletion have prompted concerns about the levels of solar ultraviolet radiation that reach the earth's surface. Since 1974 a network of ground-level monitoring stations in the United States has tracked measurements of biologically effective ultraviolet radiation (UVB, 290 to 330 nanometers). The fact that no increases of UVB have been detected at ground levels from 1974 to 1985 suggests that meteorological, climatic, and environmental factors in the troposphere may play a greater role in attenuating UVB radiation than was previously suspected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scotto, J -- Cotton, G -- Urbach, F -- Berger, D -- Fears, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 12;239(4841 Pt 1):762-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3340857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Melanoma/etiology ; Meteorological Concepts ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; Skin Neoplasms/etiology ; *Sunlight/adverse effects ; *Ultraviolet Rays ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    The effect of histone gene deletions on chromatin structure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-04
    Description: As a way of studying nucleosome assembly and maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutants bearing deletions or duplications of the genes encoding histones H2A and H2B were analyzed. Previous genetic analysis had shown that only one of these mutants exhibited dramatic and pleiotropic phenotypes. This mutant was also the only one that contained disrupted chromatin, suggesting that the original phenotypes were attributable to alterations in chromosome structure. The chromatin disruption in the mutant, however, did not extend over the entire genome, but rather was localized to specific regions. Thus, while the arrangement of nucleosomes over the HIS4 and GAL1 genes, the telomeres, and the long terminal repeats (delta sequences) of Ty retrotransposons appeared essentially normal, nucleosomes over the CYH2 and UBI4 genes and the centromere of chromosome III were dramatically disrupted. The observation that the mutant exhibited localized chromatin disruptions implies that the assembly or maintenance of nucleosomes differs over different parts of the yeast genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norris, D -- Dunn, B -- Osley, M A -- GM40118/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 4;242(4879):759-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2847314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Centromere/ultrastructure ; Chromatin/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Chromosome Deletion ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Galactose ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Fungal ; Histidine ; Histones/*genetics ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*ultrastructure ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Research at USAMRIID (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Novak, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 14;242(4876):168.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Warfare ; *Government Agencies ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Report calls for revamping of EPA research (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1596.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3420413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Government Agencies/*organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    NIH budget boost mostly for AIDS (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1427.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3420400" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    A transcriptional enhancer 3' of C beta 2 in the T cell receptor beta locus (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-08
    Description: Run-on transcription experiments were used to demonstrate that transcription of T cell receptor beta chain V genes is activated by DNA rearrangement, in a manner similar to immunoglobulin genes. A transcriptional enhancer likely to be involved in this activation has been identified. A 25-kilobase region from J beta 1 to V beta 14 was tested for enhancer activity by transient transfections, and an enhancer was found 7.5 kilobases 3' of C beta 2. The beta enhancer has low activity relative to the simian virus 40 viral enhancer, does not display a preference for V beta promoters, has a T cell-specific activity, and binds two purified immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDougall, S -- Peterson, C L -- Calame, K -- GM29361/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 8;241(4862):205-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2968651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Immunoglobulin ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/physiology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Pesticides to be judged on leachability (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 4;239(4844):1086.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3344426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Legislation as Topic ; *Pesticides ; United States ; Water Pollution, Chemical/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Breast cancer study vetoed (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 15;239(4837):252.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3276002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*etiology/prevention & control ; Clinical Trials as Topic/economics ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Alternative mechanisms for activation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer in T cells (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-11
    Description: The expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after T cell activation is regulated by NF-kappa B, an inducible DNA-binding protein that stimulates transcription. Proteins encoded by a variety of DNA viruses are also able to activate expression from the HIV enhancer. To determine how this activation occurs, specific genes from herpes simplex virus type 1 and adenovirus that activate HIV in T lymphoma cells have been identified. The cis-acting regulatory sequences in the HIV enhancer that mediate their effect have also been characterized. The relevant genes are those for ICP0-an immediate-early product of herpes simplex virus type 1-and the form of E1A encoded by the 13S messenger RNA of adenovirus. Activation of HIV by adenovirus E1A was found to depend on the TATA box, whereas herpesvirus ICP0 did not work through a single defined cis-acting element. These findings suggest multiple pathways that can be used to bypass normal cellular activation of HIV, and they raise the possibility that infection by herpes simplex virus or adenovirus may directly contribute to the activation of HIV in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome by mechanisms independent of antigenic stimulation in T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nabel, G J -- Rice, S A -- Knipe, D M -- Baltimore, D -- AI20530/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32GM11224/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1299-302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2830675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/genetics ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; HIV/*genetics/growth & development ; Humans ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Plasmids ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Virus Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Marine mammals join the Navy (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morrison, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 16;242(4885):1503-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3201237" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Dolphins ; *Military Science ; *Pinnipedia ; *Seals, Earless ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Science after the election (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 18;242(4881):1002-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3194749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; Plants, Toxic ; Politics ; *Science ; Tobacco ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Functional expression of a new pharmacological subtype of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-15
    Description: A new type of agonist-binding subunit of rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) was identified. Rat genomic DNA and complementary DNA encoding this subunit (alpha 2) were cloned and analyzed. Complementary DNA expression studies in Xenopus oocytes revealed that the injection of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for alpha 2 and beta 2 (a neuronal nAChR subunit) led to the generation of a functional nAChR. In contrast to the other known neuronal nAChRs, the receptor produced by the injection of alpha 2 and beta 2 mRNAs was resistant to the alpha-neurotoxin Bgt3.1. In situ hybridization histochemistry showed that alpha 2 mRNA was expressed in a small number of regions, in contrast to the wide distribution of the other known agonist-binding subunits (alpha 3 and alpha 4) mRNAs. These results demonstrate that the alpha 2 subunit differs from other known agonist-binding alpha-subunits of nAChRs in its distribution in the brain and in its pharmacology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wada, K -- Ballivet, M -- Boulter, J -- Connolly, J -- Wada, E -- Deneris, E S -- Swanson, L W -- Heinemann, S -- Patrick, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):330-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA 92138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2832952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Female ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons/metabolism ; Nucleotide Mapping ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus laevis
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    Breakthrough for education at NSF? (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):271-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3353721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Education/*economics ; *Government Agencies ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NIH drug tests (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):268.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3353719" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Employment ; *Health Policy ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Substance-Related Disorders/*prevention & control ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Agent Orange studies (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 8;245(4922):1031.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*adverse effects ; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*adverse effects ; Dioxins/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*adverse effects ; United States ; *Veterans ; Vietnam
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  • 23
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    The Dingell investigation (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 16;244(4910):1243.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2734603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; Data Collection/standards ; *Ethics, Professional ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Science ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    Where was Chakrabarty's bug? (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 26;244(4907):919.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11644372" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA, Recombinant ; Ecology ; *Industry ; Jurisprudence ; Microbiology ; *Patents as Topic ; *Risk ; *Risk Assessment ; Supreme Court Decisions ; United States
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    Animals in the laboratory (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-28
    Description: The first sentence of reference 15 in the report "Single-chain antigen-binding proteins" by Robert E. Bird et al. (21 Oct., p. 423) should have read, 'The majority of experiments have produced Ka's within a factor of 2 of these values; therefore, log K(a)'s for the 4-4-20 I, Fab, and 4-4-20/20' single-chain protein are 10.2, 9.9, and 9.0+/-0.3, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):409.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2717931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Testing Alternatives ; *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Ethics ; Societies ; United States
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    A question of information policy (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Atkinson, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 10;246(4931):733.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Library Services/*economics ; *National Library of Medicine (U.S.) ; United States
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    Golden opportunities seen in biology (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 1;246(4934):1115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biology ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Neurotoxicity creates regulatory dilemma (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):29-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; *Legislation, Drug ; *Neurotoxins/toxicity ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 29
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    Seroprevalence and epidemiological correlates of HTLV-I infection in U.S. blood donors (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-29
    Description: Screening for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibodies was performed on sera from 39,898 blood donors at eight blood centers in geographically distinct areas of the United States. Ten donors (0.025 percent) showed evidence of HTLV-I seropositivity by enzyme immunoassays; this was confirmed by protein immunoblot and radioimmunoprecipitation. Seroprevalence rates ranged from 0 to 0.10 percent at the locations sampled, with HTLV-I antibodies found predominantly in donors from the southeastern and southwestern United States. Matched case-control interviews and laboratory studies were performed on five seropositive women and two seropositive men who participated in an identity-linked collection of sera from a subset of 33,893 donors at six of the eight blood centers. Four of the women and both men are black; one woman is Caucasian. Four of the seven seropositive individuals admitted to prior intravenous drug abuse or sexual contact with an intravenous drug user. Sexual contact with native inhabitants of an HTLV-I endemic area was the only identified risk factor for one male. The distribution of HTLV-I antibodies in this U.S. blood donor sample corroborates the previously reported epidemiology of this agent and suggests that additional donor screening measures, including the testing of donated blood for HTLV-I markers, may be necessary to prevent the spread of HTLV-I to transfusion recipients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, A E -- Fang, C T -- Slamon, D J -- Poiesz, B J -- Sandler, S G -- Darr, W F 2nd -- Shulman, G -- McGowan, E I -- Douglas, D K -- Bowman, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 29;240(4852):643-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉American Red Cross Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, Rockville, MD 20855.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2896386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; *Blood Donors ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Deltaretrovirus Infections/diagnosis/*epidemiology/transmission ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Japan ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Partners ; Substance-Related Disorders ; United States
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    Developmental regulation of two 5S ribosomal RNA genes (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-23
    Description: The developmental regulation of two kinds of Xenopus 5S RNA genes (oocyte and somatic types) can be explained by differences in the stability of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions in a transcription complex that directs transcription initiation by RNA polymerase III. Dissociation of transcription factors from oocyte 5S RNA genes during development allows them to be repressed by chromatin assembly. In the same cells, somatic 5S RNA genes remain active because their transcription complexes are stable.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolffe, A P -- Brown, D D -- GM22395/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1626-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, MD 21210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3420414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Chromatin ; DNA/physiology ; DNA Replication ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Oocytes/cytology/ultrastructure ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 5S/*genetics ; Transcription Factor TFIIIA ; Transcription Factor TFIIIB ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; *Transcription Factors, TFIII ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus laevis
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    Specific recognition of cruciform DNA by nuclear protein HMG1 (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-24
    Description: Cruciform DNA, a non-double helix form of DNA, can be generated as an intermediate in genetic recombination as well as from palindromic sequences under the effect of supercoiling. Eukaryotic cells are equipped with a DNA-binding protein that selectively recognizes cruciform DNA. Biochemical and immunological data showed that this protein is HMG1, an evolutionarily conserved, essential, and abundant component of the nucleus. The interaction with a ubiquitous protein points to a critical role for cruciform DNA conformations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bianchi, M E -- Beltrame, M -- Paonessa, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 24;243(4894 Pt 1):1056-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidleberg, Federal Republic of Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2922595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; High Mobility Group Proteins/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Immunoassay ; Immunoblotting ; Liver/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Peptide Fragments/genetics/isolation & purification ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Human ribosomal RNA genes: orientation of the tandem array and conservation of the 5' end (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-01
    Description: The multiple copies of the human ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) are arranged as tandem repeat clusters that map to the middle of the short arms of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22. Concerted evolution of the gene family is thought to be mediated by interchromosomal recombination between rDNA repeat units, but such events would also result in conservation of the sequences distal to the rDNA on these five pairs of chromosomes. To test this possibility, a DNA fragment spanning the junction between rDNA and distal flanking sequence has been cloned and characterized. Restriction maps, sequence data, and gene mapping studies demonstrate that (i) the rRNA genes are transcribed in a telomere-to-centromere direction, (ii) the 5' end of the cluster and the adjacent non-rDNA sequences are conserved on the five pairs of chromosomes, and (iii) the 5' end of the cluster is positioned about 3.7 kb upstream from the transcription initiation site of the first repeat unit. The data support a model of concerted evolution by interchromosomal recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Worton, R G -- Sutherland, J -- Sylvester, J E -- Willard, H F -- Bodrug, S -- Dube, I -- Duff, C -- Kean, V -- Ray, P N -- Schmickel, R D -- HD-13506/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 1;239(4835):64-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genetics Department, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3336775" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Soviets seek U.S. help in combating alcoholism (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):878-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcoholism/*prevention & control/rehabilitation ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Ussr ; United States
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    New rules on misconduct (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-08-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 11;245(4918):593.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2762812" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; Crime/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Federal Government ; Fraud/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Government Regulation ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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    NIH probes researcher's fundraising (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 24;243(4894 Pt 1):1000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2646708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Financial Management ; *Fund Raising ; History, 20th Century ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Personnel ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Monkey euthanasia stalled by activists (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 23;244(4911):1437.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2499929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; Euthanasia/*veterinary ; *Haplorhini ; *Legislation, Veterinary ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Kappa B-specific DNA binding proteins: role in the regulation of human interleukin-2 gene expression (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-28
    Description: Transcriptional activation of the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene, like induction of the IL-2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha) gene and the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), is shown to be modulated by a kappa B-like enhancer element. Mutation of a kappa B core sequence identified in the IL-2 promoter (-206 to -195) partially inhibits both mitogen- and HTLV-I Tax-mediated activation of this transcription unit and blocks the specific binding of two inducible cellular factors. These kappa B-specific proteins (80 to 90 and 50 to 55 kilodaltons) similarly interact with the functional kappa B enhancer present in the IL-2R alpha promoter. These data suggest that these kappa B-specific proteins have a role in the coordinate regulation of this growth factor-growth factor receptor gene system that controls T cell proliferation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoyos, B -- Ballard, D W -- Bohnlein, E -- Siekevitz, M -- Greene, W C -- A127053-01/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):457-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Microbiology, New York, NY 10029.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2497518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; HIV-1/genetics ; HTLV-I Antigens/pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Interleukin-2/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Mutation ; Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Trans-Activators ; Transcription Factors/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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    The economic status of the elderly (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-12
    Description: Augmented by public programs such as Social Security and Medicare, incomes of the elderly in the United States have grown more rapidly during the last several decades than have the incomes of other groups, so that on average the elderly are at least as well off as the nonelderly. Not all elderly, however, have done as well: widows, in particular, have high poverty rates. The economic prospects of the elderly during the next few decades are good because of the large work force from the baby-boom cohort. In the distant future a large fraction of the population will be elderly, which will probably lead to a deterioration in their economic status. Today, the main problems center on the distribution of economic resources among the elderly and on uncertainties such as costs of medical care.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hurd, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 12;244(4905):659-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2655090" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aged ; *Economics ; Humans ; *Income ; Medicaid ; Medicare ; Poverty ; Social Security ; United States
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    Bacterial blight of soybean: regulation of a pathogen gene determining host cultivar specificity (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-22
    Description: Soybean cultivars resistant to Pseudomonas syringae pathovar glycinea (Psg), the causal agent of bacterial blight, exhibit a hypersensitive (necrosis) reaction (HR) to infection. Psg strains carrying the avrB gene elicit the HR in soybean cultivars carrying the resistance gene Rpg1. Psg expressing avrB at a high level and capable of eliciting the HR in the absence of de novo bacterial RNA synthesis have been obtained in in vitro culture. Nutritional signals and regions within the Psg hrp gene cluster, an approximately 20-kilobase genomic region also necessary for pathogenicity, control avrB transcription.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huynh, T V -- Dahlbeck, D -- Staskawicz, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 22;245(4924):1374-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2781284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Plant Diseases ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Pseudomonas/*genetics/growth & development/pathogenicity ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Restriction Mapping ; Soybeans/*genetics/microbiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Sequence-specific peptide cleavage catalyzed by an antibody (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-03
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies have been induced that are capable of catalyzing specific hydrolysis of the Gly-Phe bond of peptide substrates at neutral pH with a metal complex cofactor. The antibodies were produced by immunizing with a Co(III) triethylenetetramine (trien)-peptide hapten. These antibodies as a group are capable of binding trien complexes of not only Co(III) but also of numerous other metals. Six peptides were examined as possible substrates with the antibodies and various metal complexes. Two of these peptides were cleaved by several of the antibodies. One antibody was studied in detail, and cleavage was observed for the substrates with the trien complexes of Zn(II), Ga(III), Fe(III), In(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Lu(III), Mg(II), or Mn(II) as cofactors. A turnover number of 6 x 10(-4) per second was observed for these substrates. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the use of cofactor-assisted catalysis in an antibody binding site to accomplish difficult chemical transformations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iverson, B L -- Lerner, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 3;243(4895):1184-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2922606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens/immunology ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cobalt/immunology/metabolism ; Glycine/metabolism ; Haptens/immunology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Immunization ; Metals/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Oligopeptides/*metabolism ; Phenylalanine/metabolism ; Trientine/immunology
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  • 41
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    Effect of antisense c-raf-1 on tumorigenicity and radiation sensitivity of a human squamous carcinoma (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-10
    Description: Antisense RNA-mediated inhibition of gene expression was used to investigate the biological function of the c-raf-1 gene in a radiation-resistant human squamous carcinoma cell line, SQ-20B. S1 nuclease protection assays revealed that transfection of full-length raf complementary DNA in the antisense orientation (AS) leads to a specific reduction (greater than tenfold) of steady-state levels of the endogenous c-raf-1 sense (S) transcript in SQ-20B cells. In nude mice, the malignant potential of SQ-20B cells transfected with raf (S) was significantly increased relative to that of SQ-20B cells transfected with raf (AS). SQ-20B cells containing transfected raf (S) maintained a radiation-resistant phenotype as compared to those cells harboring the AS version, which appeared to have enhanced radiation sensitivity. These data indicate that the reduced expression of endogenous c-raf-1 is sufficient to modulate the tumorigenicity and the radiation-resistant phenotype of SQ-20B cells, thus implicating c-raf-1 in a pathway important to the genesis of this type of cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kasid, U -- Pfeifer, A -- Brennan, T -- Beckett, M -- Weichselbaum, R R -- Dritschilo, A -- Mark, G E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1354-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Radiation Medicine, Vincent T. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington 20007.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2466340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blotting, Southern ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/*radiation effects ; Clone Cells ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; RNA/*genetics ; RNA, Antisense ; RNA, Messenger/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Tumor Cells, Cultured/*radiation effects
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    cis-trans models for post-transcriptional gene regulation (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klausner, R D -- Harford, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):870-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2683086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 43
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    The choosing of the NIH director (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 24;246(4933):981.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Legal ; Female ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Politics ; Pregnancy ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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    Animal rights and animal wrongs (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1253.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2922608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; Societies ; United States ; Universities
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 45
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    Switch protein alters specificity of RNA polymerase containing a compartment-specific sigma factor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-27
    Description: During sporulation in Bacillus subtilis, expression of developmental genes spoIVCB and cotD is induced in the mother cell compartment of the sporangium at morphological stages IV and V, respectively. A 27-kilodalton RNA polymerase sigma factor called sigma K (or sigma 27) has been found that causes weak transcription of spoIVCB and strong transcription of cotD. A 14-kD protein was also discovered that changes the specificity of sigma K-containing RNA polymerase, greatly stimulating spoIVCB transcription and markedly repressing cotD transcription. Both sigma K and the 14-kD protein are products of genes known to be required for expression of specific genes in the mother cell. Thus, sigma K directs gene expression in the mother cell and it is proposed that inactivation or sequestering of the 14-kD protein switches the temporal pattern of gene expression during the transition from stages IV to V of development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kroos, L -- Kunkel, B -- Losick, R -- GM18568/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 27;243(4890):526-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2492118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacillus subtilis/*genetics/physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Sigma Factor/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Spores, Bacterial/genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-21
    Description: A specific assay has been developed for a blood-borne non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) virus in which a polypeptide synthesized in recombinant yeast clones of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is used to capture circulating viral antibodies. HCV antibodies were detected in six of seven human sera that were shown previously to transmit NANBH to chimpanzees. Assays of ten blood transfusions in the United States that resulted in chronic NANBH revealed that there was at least one positive blood donor in nine of these cases and that all ten recipients seroconverted during their illnesses. About 80 percent of chronic, post-transfusion NANBH (PT-NANBH) patients from Italy and Japan had circulating HCV antibody; a much lower frequency (15 percent) was observed in acute, resolving infections. In addition, 58 percent of NANBH patients from the United States with no identifiable source of parenteral exposure to the virus were also positive for HCV antibody. These data indicate that HCV is a major cause of NANBH throughout the world.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuo, G -- Choo, Q L -- Alter, H J -- Gitnick, G L -- Redeker, A G -- Purcell, R H -- Miyamura, T -- Dienstag, J L -- Alter, M J -- Stevens, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 21;244(4902):362-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2496467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; Hepatitis C/*immunology/transmission ; Hepatitis Viruses/*immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/*immunology ; Humans ; Italy ; Japan ; United States
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    S phase of the cell cycle (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: In each cell cycle the complex structure of the chromosome must be replicated accurately. In the last few years there have been major advances in understanding eukaryotic chromosome replication. Patterns of replication origins have been mapped accurately in yeast chromosomes. Cellular replication proteins have been identified by fractionating cell extracts that replicate viral DNA templates in vitro. Cell-free systems that initiate eukaryotic DNA replication in vitro have demonstrated the importance of complex nuclear architecture in the control of DNA replication. Although the events of S phase were relatively neglected for many years, knowledge of DNA replication is now advancing rapidly in step with other phases of the cell cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Laskey, R A -- Fairman, M P -- Blow, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):609-14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, England.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2683076" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/physiology/ultrastructure ; Chromatin/physiology ; Chromosomes/physiology ; *DNA Replication ; *Interphase ; Models, Biological ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Monitoring the AIDS epidemic in the United States: a network approach (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-09
    Description: Respondents in the 1988 General Social Survey (GSS) were asked to scan their acquaintance networks to identify all those who had been a victim of a homicide or had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Estimates of the sex, race, age, and regional breakdowns for homicides in the last year and for people with AIDS were compared with official statistics. The GSS estimates for the distribution of homicide victims replicate the official statistics quite well. The GSS estimates for AIDS cases suggest that the data provided to the Centers for Disease Control may underestimate by a substantial margin the prevalence of AIDS in the white population of higher socioeconomic status, overstate the relative prevalence of the disease in the minority populations, underestimate the prevalence of the disease in the Midwest, and overstate it for the East.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Laumann, E O -- Gagnon, J H -- Michaels, S -- Michael, R T -- Coleman, J S -- N0I-HD-8-2907/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 9;244(4909):1186-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, IL 60637.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2543079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*epidemiology ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Population Surveillance ; United States
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    Repression of the IgH enhancer in teratocarcinoma cells associated with a novel octamer factor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-27
    Description: Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines are models for early cells in mouse embryogenesis. A 300-base pair fragment of the heavy chain enhancer was inactive in F9 EC cells, unlike in other nonlymphoid cells where it has significant activity. Alterations of the octamer motif increased enhancer activity. Nuclear extracts from F9 cells contained an octamer binding protein (NF-A3) that was unique to EC cells; the amount of NF-A3 decreased upon differentiation. It is proposed that NF-A3 represses specific regulatory sequences that contain the octamer motif. Thus, the same DNA sequence mediates either negative or positive transcriptional effects, depending on the cell type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lenardo, M J -- Staudt, L -- Robbins, P -- Kuang, A -- Mulligan, R C -- Baltimore, D -- CA 01074/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD0063/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL37569/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 27;243(4890):544-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2536195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA/metabolism ; Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tretinoin/pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Animal research and government policy (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-03
    Description: In the report "Synthetic CD4 peptide derivatives that inhibit HIV infection and cytopathicity" by Jeffrey D. Lifson et al. (5 Aug., p. 712), the last seven residues of the CD4 peptide (26-50) should have been SFLTKGP rather than STLTKGP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langer, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 3;243(4895):1126.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2922600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; *Policy Making ; *Research ; United States ; *United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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    Genome planners fear avalanche of red tape (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 30;244(4912):1543.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2740900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Sequence ; Budgets/economics ; *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Global ban sought on ivory trade (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1989-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 9;244(4909):1135.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; *Elephants ; Industry ; United States
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  • 53
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    Selective amplification and cloning of four new members of the G protein-coupled receptor family (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1989-05-05
    Description: An approach based on the polymerase chain reaction has been devised to clone new members of the family of genes encoding guanosine triphosphate-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. Degenerate primers corresponding to consensus sequences of the third and sixth transmembrane segments of available receptors were used to selectively amplify and clone members of this gene family from thyroid complementary DNA. Clones encoding three known receptors and four new putative receptors were obtained. Sequence comparisons established that the new genes belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family. Close structural similarity was observed between one of the putative receptors and the 5HT1a receptor. Two other molecules displayed common sequence characteristics, suggesting that they are members of a new subfamily of receptors with a very short nonglycosylated (extracellular) amino-terminal extension.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Libert, F -- Parmentier, M -- Lefort, A -- Dinsart, C -- Van Sande, J -- Maenhaut, C -- Simons, M J -- Dumont, J E -- Vassart, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):569-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2541503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; *Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/genetics ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/genetics ; Receptors, Muscarinic/genetics ; Receptors, Neurokinin-2 ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*genetics ; Receptors, Serotonin/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Thyroid Gland/analysis ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Information policy (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lindberg, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1547-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2688089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Costs and Cost Analysis ; MEDLARS/*economics ; *National Library of Medicine (U.S.) ; United States
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    Regulation of lymphokine messenger RNA stability by a surface-mediated T cell activation pathway (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-21
    Description: Quiescent T cells can be induced to express many genes by mitogen or antigen stimulation. The messenger RNAs of some of these genes undergo relatively rapid degradation compared to messenger RNAs from constitutively expressed genes. A T cell activation pathway that specifically regulates the stability of messenger RNAs for the lymphokines interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is induced by stimulation of the CD28 surface molecule. This pathway does not directly affect the steady-state messenger RNA level, transcription, or messenger RNA half-life of other T cell activation genes, including c-myc, c-fos, IL-2 receptor, and the 4F2HC surface antigen. These data show that stimuli received at the cell surface can alter gene expression by inducing specific changes in messenger RNA degradation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lindstein, T -- June, C H -- Ledbetter, J A -- Stella, G -- Thompson, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 21;244(4902):339-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2540528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, CD28 ; Antigens, CD3 ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/genetics ; Drug Stability ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Growth Substances/genetics ; Interferon-gamma/genetics ; Interleukin-2/genetics ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphokines/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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    Financial impact of animal regulation (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glantz, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 30;244(4912):1531.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2740895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; *Economics ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Legislation, Veterinary ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    House trims off academic pork (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 24;246(4933):990.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; Universities/*economics
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    Human KGF is FGF-related with properties of a paracrine effector of epithelial cell growth (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-08-18
    Description: Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a human mitogen that is specific for epithelial cells. The complementary DNA sequence of KGF demonstrates that it is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. The KGF transcript was present in stromal cells derived from epithelial tissues. By comparison with the expression of other epithelial cell mitogens, only KGF, among known human growth factors, has the properties of a stromal mediator of epithelial cell proliferation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finch, P W -- Rubin, J S -- Miki, T -- Ron, D -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 18;245(4919):752-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2475908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Division ; Codon ; DNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium/analysis/metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 ; *Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/*genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Mesoderm/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; RNA/analysis ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Skin/analysis ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic
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    NSF opens high-speed computer network (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):22-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911716" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Computer Systems ; Government Agencies/*organization & administration ; United States
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    The Drug Czar: no "Walter Wallflower" (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1287.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2646714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Government Agencies/*history ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *Street Drugs ; Substance-Related Disorders/*prevention & control ; United States
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    Europe bans boeuf a l'estradiol (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):161-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; *Estradiol/adverse effects ; Europe ; *European Union ; Humans ; *Meat ; United States
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    Molecular mechanisms and forces involved in the adhesion and fusion of amphiphilic bilayers (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: The surface forces apparatus technique was used for measuring the adhesion, deformation, and fusion of bilayers supported on mica surfaces in aqueous solutions. The most important force leading to the direct fusion of bilayers is the hydrophobic interaction, although the occurrence of fusion is not simply related to the force law between bilayers. Bilayers do not need to "overcome" some repulsive force barrier, such as hydration, before they can fuse. Instead, once bilayer surfaces come within about 1 nanometer of each other, local deformations and molecular rearrangements allow them to "bypass" these forces.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helm, C A -- Israelachvili, J N -- McGuiggan, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):919-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Lipid Bilayers ; Models, Biological ; Models, Structural ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Phosphatidylethanolamines
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    Street-wise crack research (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 15;246(4936):1376-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2595359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; *Behavior ; Brain/drug effects/physiopathology ; *Cocaine/pharmacology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Dopamine/physiology ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Reward ; *Substance-Related Disorders/drug therapy/epidemiology/physiopathology/prevention ; & control ; United States
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    The CF gene hits the news (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):924.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Mass Media ; United States
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    Soviet sociology makes a comeback (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 24;246(4933):991-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: International Cooperation ; *Sociology ; Ussr ; United States
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    Entomologists wane as insects wax (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 10;246(4931):754-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Entomology/*trends ; Insect Vectors/*physiology ; Insects/classification/*physiology ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Bionet bites the dust (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 14;245(4914):126.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2749249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Computer Communication Networks ; *Computer Systems ; *Information Systems ; *Molecular Biology ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Ethics in science. NIH grapples with conflict of interest (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 7;245(4913):23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2740908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; *Ethics, Professional ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research/*standards ; United States
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    5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine blocks myogenesis by extinguishing expression of MyoD1 (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-08-04
    Description: The pyrimidine analog 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA. Substitution of BUdR for thymidine does not significantly affect cell viability but does block cell differentiation in many different lineages. BUdR substitution in a mouse myoblast line blocked myogenic differentiation and extinguished the expression of the myogenic determination gene MyoD1. Forced expression of MyoD1 from a transfected expression vector in a BUdR-substituted myoblast overcame the block to differentiation imposed by BUdR. Activation of BUdR-substituted muscle structural genes and apparently normal differentiation were observed in transfected myoblasts. This shows that BUdR blocks myogenesis at the level of a myogenic regulatory gene, possibly MyoD1, not by directly inhibiting the activation of muscle structural genes. It is consistent with the idea that BUdR selectively blocks a class of regulatory genes, each member of which is important for the development of a different cell lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tapscott, S J -- Lassar, A B -- Davis, R L -- Weintraub, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 4;245(4917):532-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2547249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bromodeoxyuridine/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Creatine Kinase/genetics ; DNA/metabolism ; Desmin/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects ; Genes ; Mice ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics ; Muscles/*cytology ; Myogenin ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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    The anticodon contains a major element of the identity of arginine transfer RNAs (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: The contribution of the anticodon to the discrimination between cognate and noncognate tRNAs by Escherichia coli Arg-tRNA synthetase has been investigated by in vitro synthesis and aminoacylation of elongator methionine tRNA (tRNA(mMet) mutants. Substitution of the Arg anticodon CCG for the Met anticodon CAU leads to a dramatic increase in Arg acceptance by tRNA(mMet). A nucleotide (A20) previously identified by others in the dihydrouridine loop of tRNA(Arg)s makes a smaller contribution to the conversion of tRNA(mMet) identity from Met to Arg. The combined anticodon and dihydrouridine loop mutations yield a tRNA(mMet) derivative that is aminoacylated with near-normal kinetics by the Arg-tRNA synthetase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schulman, L H -- Pelka, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1595-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2688091" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anticodon/*genetics ; Arginine-tRNA Ligase/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/genetics ; Kinetics ; Methionine-tRNA Ligase/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific/*genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Arg/*genetics ; Substrate Specificity ; T-Phages/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Catalytic RNA wins chemistry Nobel (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-10-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waldrop, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Oct 20;246(4928):325.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2678472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; *Nobel Prize ; RNA Splicing/*physiology ; RNA, Catalytic ; RNA, Ribosomal/*physiology ; United States
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    "Chemzymes" mimic biology in miniature (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waldrop, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):354-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2756423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Enzymes ; Technology, Pharmaceutical
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    Mouse lymph node homing receptor cDNA clone encodes a glycoprotein revealing tandem interaction domains (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1989-03-03
    Description: Isolation of a clone encoding the mouse lymph node homing receptor reveals a deduced protein with an unusual protein mosaic architecture, containing a separate carbohydrate-binding (lectin) domain, an epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) domain, and an extracellular precisely duplicated repeat unit, which preserves the motif seen in the homologous repeat structure of complement regulatory proteins and other proteins. The receptor molecule is potentially highly glycosylated, and contains an apparent transmembrane region. Analysis of messenger RNA transcripts reveals a predominantly lymphoid distribution in direct relation to the cell surface expression of the MEL-14 determinant, and the cDNA clone is shown to confer the MEL-14 epitope in heterologous cells. The many novel features, including ubiquitination, embodied in this single receptor molecule form the basis for numerous approaches to the study of cell-cell interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siegelman, M H -- van de Rijn, M -- Weissman, I L -- AI09022/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- OIG43551/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 3;243(4895):1165-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2646713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; DNA/*genetics ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Glycosylation ; Lymph Nodes/*metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A liver-specific enhancer in the core promoter region of human hepatitis B virus (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: An 88-base pair fragment in the core promoter of the human hepatitis B virus (HBV) contains a functional promoter and a strong liver-specific enhancer. This enhancer functions in human hepatoma cells, where it is much more active than the previously described HBV enhancer in stimulating expression of the linked bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene expressed from heterologous promoters. Studies of the role of this enhancer-promoter in HBV may help to clarify mechanisms of gene expression in cells infected with HBV and the role of the virus in the pathogenesis of hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yee, J K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):658-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2554495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Genes, Viral ; Hepatitis B virus/*genetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Simplexvirus/enzymology/genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Viral Structural Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 75
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    Europe says no to animal patents (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 7;245(4913):25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2740910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Europe ; *Genetic Engineering ; Mice ; *Mice, Transgenic ; *Patents as Topic ; *Social Control, Formal ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 76
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    U.S. physicians probe deaths in Soviet Georgia (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 9;244(4909):1133.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2524878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Death ; Georgia (Republic) ; Humans ; Physicians ; *Riots ; Social Control, Formal ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 77
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    NIH, CDC search committees formed (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 9;244(4909):1135.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2543078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 78
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    Koop resigns in a huff (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 12;244(4905):649.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2655089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administrative Personnel ; History, 20th Century ; United States ; United States Public Health Service/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 79
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    Science and the lame-duck budget (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 13;243(4888):159-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/economics ; Budgets ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 80
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    Metastatic hibernomas in transgenic mice expressing an alpha-amylase-SV40 T antigen hybrid gene (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-28
    Description: Mice transgenic for a hybrid gene containing the liver promoter of the mouse amylase gene (Amy-1a) fused to the SV40 tumor antigen coding region unexpected developed malignant brown adipose tissue tumors (malignant hibernomas). Expression of the alpha-amylase gene had previously been thought to be confined to the liver parotid, and pancreas; however, analysis of white and brown adipose tissue from nontransgenic mice revealed expression of the endogenous Amy-1a gene in these tissues. Gene constructs driven by the Amy-1a liver promoter thus provide a means of targeting gene expression to the adipocyte cell lineage in transgenic mice. Moreover the high frequency of metastases in the liver, lungs, spleen, heart, and adrenals of these mice provides an experimental system in which to study the development of disseminated malignancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, N -- Crooke, R -- Hwang, L H -- Schibler, U -- Knowles, B B -- Solter, D -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-18470/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 28;244(4903):460-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2785714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism/pathology ; *Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*genetics/pathology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic ; alpha-Amylases/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 81
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    Fund-raising and NIH (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glazer, R I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 14;244(4901):128.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2704993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Financial Management ; Foundations ; *Fund Raising ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 82
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    Research on child and adolescent mental disorders (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hamburg, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 10;246(4931):738.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; *Mental Disorders ; *Research ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    O'Toole on O'Toole's charges (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Toole, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):563-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Publishing ; Research/*standards ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 84
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    Young's sudden move (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):882.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Personnel Staffing and Scheduling ; United States ; *United States Dept. of Health and Human Services ; *United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 85
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    Is the AIDS epidemic slowing? (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1560.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556794" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*epidemiology/prevention & ; control/transmission ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Humans ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Hard times at NIH (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 24;246(4933):988-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Fetal tissue transplants remain off limits (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 10;246(4931):752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aborted Fetus ; *Abortion, Induced ; Federal Government ; *Fetal Research ; *Fetus ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Research Support as Topic ; Transplantation/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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  • 88
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    Room at the top (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):566-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Government Agencies/*organization & administration ; Politics ; *Science ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Conflict over conflict of interest (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 29;245(4925):1440.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2551040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ethics ; Financing, Government/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States ; *United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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  • 90
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    Genome projects are growing like weeds (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 14;245(4914):131.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2749252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Plants/*genetics ; United States
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  • 91
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    New round in Dingell v. NIH? (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palca, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):349.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2783238" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Crime ; *Fraud ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research/*standards ; United States
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  • 92
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    Court ruling rekindles controversy over SATs (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 17;243(4893):885-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2919279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Educational Measurement ; Female ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Male ; *Prejudice ; *School Admission Criteria ; Sex Factors ; United States ; *Universities
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  • 93
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    Molecular cloning of the thyrotropin receptor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: The pituitary hormone thyrotropin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the main physiological agent that regulates the thyroid gland. The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) was cloned by selective amplification with the polymerase chain reaction of DNA segments presenting sequence similarity with genes for G protein-coupled receptors. Out of 11 new putative receptor clones obtained from genomic DNA, one had sequence characteristics different from all the others. Although this clone did not hybridize to thyroid transcripts, screening of a dog thyroid complementary DNA (cDNA) library at moderate stringency identified a cDNA encoding a 4.9-kilobase thyroid-specific transcript. The polypeptide encoded by this thyroid-specific transcript consisted of a 398-amino acid residue amino-terminal segment, constituting a putative extracellular domain, connected to a 346-residue carboxyl-terminal domain that contained seven putative transmembrane segments. Expression of the cDNA conferred TSH responsiveness to Xenopus oocytes and Y1 cells and a TSH binding phenotype to COS cells. The TSHR and the receptor for luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotropin constitute a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors with distinct sequence characteristics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parmentier, M -- Libert, F -- Maenhaut, C -- Lefort, A -- Gerard, C -- Perret, J -- Van Sande, J -- Dumont, J E -- Vassart, G -- R01-DK21732/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1620-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Cyclic AMP ; Dogs ; Female ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Thyrotropin/*genetics ; Thyrotropin/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus
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  • 94
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    Budget cuts at NIH (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peak, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 12;244(4905):631.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2717943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Financial Management/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 95
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    Interferon-alpha but not AZT suppresses HIV expression in chronically infected cell lines (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-05
    Description: Promonocytic (U1) and T lymphocytic (ACH-2) cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) constitutively express low levels of virus, but expression can be induced by phorbol esters and cytokines. Whereas ACH-2 cells produce infectious virions, U1 cells produce defective, noninfectious particles. Although 3'-azido-3'-deoxythimidine (AZT) prevented acute HIV infection of susceptible cells, it did not prevent the induction of HIV expression in the infected cell lines. In contrast, interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) inhibited the release of reverse transcriptase and viral antigens into the culture supernatant after phorbol ester stimulation of both cell lines. Further, IFN-alpha suppressed the production or release (or both) of whole HIV virions, but had no effect on the amount of cell-associated viral proteins. Also, after phorbol ester stimulation of ACH-2 cells, IFN-alpha reduced the number of infectious viral particles secreted into the culture supernatant, but had no effect on the infectivity of cell-associated virus. These findings lend support to the combined use of antiviral agents that have action at both the early (AZT) and the late (IFN-alpha) stages of HIV replication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Poli, G -- Orenstein, J M -- Kinter, A -- Folks, T M -- Fauci, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):575-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2470148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/microbiology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HIV-1/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Immunoblotting ; Interferon Type I/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Monocytes/microbiology ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Vacuoles/microbiology ; Virion/drug effects/physiology/ultrastructure ; Virus Replication/*drug effects ; Zidovudine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Navy marine mammals (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ridgway, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 17;243(4893):875.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2919278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dolphins ; Humans ; *Military Science ; *Pinnipedia ; *Seals, Earless ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: cloning and characterization of complementary DNA (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-08
    Description: Overlapping complementary DNA clones were isolated from epithelial cell libraries with a genomic DNA segment containing a portion of the putative cystic fibrosis (CF) locus, which is on chromosome 7. Transcripts, approximately 6500 nucleotides in size, were detectable in the tissues affected in patients with CF. The predicted protein consists of two similar motifs, each with (i) a domain having properties consistent with membrane association and (ii) a domain believed to be involved in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) binding. A deletion of three base pairs that results in the omission of a phenylalanine residue at the center of the first predicted nucleotide-binding domain was detected in CF patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riordan, J R -- Rommens, J M -- Kerem, B -- Alon, N -- Rozmahel, R -- Grzelczak, Z -- Zielenski, J -- Lok, S -- Plavsic, N -- Chou, J L -- DK34944/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK39690/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 8;245(4922):1066-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2475911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Biological Transport ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; DNA/*isolation & purification ; *Genes ; *Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Ion Channels/pathology ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptides/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Plan for genome centers sparks a controversy (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-10-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Oct 13;246(4927):204-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2799383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Federal Government ; Human Genome Project/*organization & administration ; Laboratories ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; Social Responsibility ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Watson versus Japan (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):576, 578.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; DNA/*genetics ; Human Genome Project/*economics ; Humans ; *Information Systems ; *Internationality ; Japan ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Rifkin battles gene transfer experiment (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):734.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2916123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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