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  • PANGAEA  (35,233)
  • Oxford University Press  (14,194)
  • Frontiers Media SA
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London | Supplement to: Cronan, David S (1976): Basal metalliferous sediments from the eastern Pacific. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 87(6), 928-934, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87%3C928:BMSFTE%3E2.0.CO;2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Analyses by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and spark-source mass spectrography of 25 basal metalliferous sediment units from widely spaced locations on the western flank of the East Pacific Rise show that the deposits are enriched relative to normal pelagic sediment in Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, and many trace elements. The elements are partitioned differently between the various mineralogic constituents of the sediment, with Fe and Mn largely in separate phases and many of the remaining elements primarily associated with reducible ferromanganese oxide minerals but also with iron minerals and other phases. Most of the iron in the deposits is probably of volcanic origin, and much of the manganese and minor elements is derived from sea water. The bulk composition of the deposits varies with age; this is thought to be due to variations in the incidence of volcanic activity at the East Pacific Rise crest where the deposits were formed.
    Keywords: 16-162; 5-37; 5-38; 5-39; 7-66; 8-74; 8-75; 9-77B; 9-78; 9-80; 9-82; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg16; Leg5; Leg7; Leg8; Leg9; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/HILL; South Pacific/BASIN; South Pacific/CONT RISE; South Pacific/VALLEY
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kolodny, Yehoshua; Epstein, Samuel (1976): Stable isotope geochemistry of deep sea cherts. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 40(10), 1195-1209, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(76)90155-1
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Seventy four samples of DSDP recovered cherts of Jurassic to Miocene age from varying locations, and 27 samples of on-land exposed cherts were analyzed for the isotopic composition of their oxygen and hydrogen. These studies were accompanied by mineralogical analyses and some isotopic analyses of the coexisting carbonates. d18O of chert ranges between 27 and 39%. relative to SMOW, d18O of porcellanite - between 30 and 42%. The consistent enrichment of opal-CT in porcellanites in 18O with respect to coexisting microcrystalline quartz in chert is probably a reflection of a different temperature (depth) of diagenesis of the two phases. d18O of deep sea cherts generally decrease with increasing age, indicating an overall cpoling of the ocean bottom during the last 150 m.y. A comparison of this trend with that recorded by benthonic foraminifera (Douglas and Savin, 1975; http://www.deepseadrilling.org/32/volume/dsdp32_15.pdf) indicates the possibility of d18O in deep sea cherts not being frozen in until several tens of millions of years after deposition. Cherts of any Age show a spread of d18O values, increasing diagenesis being reflected in a lowering of d18O. Drusy quartz has the lowest d18O values. On-land exposed cherts are consistently depleted in 18O in comparison to their deep sea time equivalent cherts. Water extracted from deep sea cherts ranges between 0.5 and 1.4 wt %. dD of this water ranges between -78 and -95%. and is not a function of d18O of the cherts (or the temperature of their formation).
    Keywords: 11-100; 11-99A; 14-138; 14-140; 16-157; 16-158; 16-163; 17-164; 17-165A; 17-166; 17-167; 17-169; 17-171; 20-195; 20-195B; 20-196; 2-12B; 3-13A; 6-49; 6-50; 6-52; 7-62; 7-65; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg11; Leg14; Leg16; Leg17; Leg2; Leg20; Leg3; Leg6; Leg7; North Atlantic/BASIN; North Atlantic/CHANNEL; North Atlantic/CONT RISE; North Pacific; North Pacific/ABYSSAL FLOOR; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/GUYOT; North Pacific/PLAIN; North Pacific/RIDGE; South Pacific/RIDGE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Lateglacial/early Holocene interval from the sediment core JM09-020GC recovered in Storfjordrenna (western Barents Sea) has been studied for benthic foraminifera assemblages, stable isotopes, IRD, vivianite microconcretions, magnetic susceptibility, and elemental composition in order to identify the causes and mechanisms of abrupt climate change during the Younger Dryas. The core was retrieved with R/V Jan Mayen (University of Tromsø – The Arctic University of Norway, UiT) in November 2009 from the Storfjordrenna (76°31489' N, 19°69957' E) at a bottom depth of 253 m. Prior to sediment core opening, the magnetic susceptibility was measured using a loop sensor installed on a GEOTEK Multi Sensor Core Logger at the Department of Geology, UiT. Core sections were stored in the laboratory for one day prior to measurements, thus allowing the sediments to adjust to room temperature and avoiding measurement errors related to temperature changes (Weber et al., 1997). Qualitative element-geochemical measurements were performed with Avaatech X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanner using the following settings: 10 kV, 1000 µA, 10-s measuring time, and no filter. Sediment samples for foraminiferal and vivianite analyses were freeze-dried, weighed, and wet sieved using sieves with mesh sizes of 500 µm and 100 µm. The residues were dried, weighed again, and subsequently split on a dry micro-splitter. Where possible, at least 300 specimens of foraminifera were counted in every 1 cm of sediment. Species identification under a binocular microscope (Nikon SMZ1500) was supported using the classification of Loeblich and Tappan (1987), with few exceptions, and percentages of the eight indicator species were applied. The benthic foraminiferal abundance and ice-rafted debris (IRD; grains 〉500 µm) were counted under a stereo-microscope and expressed as flux values (number of specimens/grains cm-2 ka-1) using the bulk sediment density and sediment accumulation rate.
    Keywords: Arctic; Barents Sea; Benthic foraminifera; GC; Gravity corer; Holocene; Jan Mayen; JM09-020GC; JM09702; Stable isotopes; Storfjorden Trough; Svalbard; vivianite; XRF; Younger Dryas
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Paleomagnetic results derived from sixteen Black Sea sediment cores. The natural remanent magnetization (NRM) and the anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) were measured with a 2G Enterprises 755 SRM (cryogenic) long-core magnetometer equipped with a sample holder for eight discrete samples at a separation of 20 cm. The magnetometer's in-line tri-axial alternating field (AF) demagnetizer was used to demagnetize the NRM and ARM of the samples. The NRM was measured after application of AF peak amplitudes of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 65, 80, and 100 mT. Directions of the characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) were determined by principle component analysis (PCA) according to Kirschvink (1980). The error range of the ChRM is given as the maximum angular deviation (MAD). The ARM was imparted along the samples' z-axis with a static field of 0.05 mT and an AF field of 100 mT. Demagnetization then was performed in steps of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 65, and 80 mT. The median destructive field of the ARM (MDFARM) was determined to estimate the coercivity of the sediments. The slope of NRM versus ARM of common demagnetization steps was used to determine the relative paleointensity (rPI). In most cases, demagnetization steps from 20 to 65 mT were used to determine the rPI. Note, in all studied Black Sea sediment cores, samples with SIRM/κ~LF~ ratios 〉10 kAm^-1^ (SIRM: saturated iso-thermal remanent magnetization, κ~LF~: low-field magnetic susceptibility), empirically found to indicate the presence of diagenetically formed greigite, were omitted for paleomagnetic studies. I chrm: characteristic inclination D chrm: characteristic declination Slope-rPI: relative paleointensity determined by slope NRM/ARM during alternating field demagnetization; NRM: natural remanent magnetization, ARM: anhysteretic remanent magnetization
    Keywords: Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemünde; Black Sea; GeoForschungszentrum Potsdam; GFZ; IOW; Laschamps; Mono Lake; Norwegian-Greenland Sea; Paleosecular variation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 16 datasets
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The atmospheric CO₂ and CH4 concentrations were monitored throughout the cruise using a cavity ring down spectrometer (CRDS, Picarro G2301-f) and GEOMARs 'Atmospheric Intake System' (AIS).
    Keywords: AIMAC; CT; POS533/1; POS533-track; Poseidon; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 23 datasets
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), as the sole low-latitude conduit connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans, regulates the thermohaline balance between these oceans. Investigating the spatio-temporal variability of the ITF and its relationship to precessional forcing is, thus, crucial for understanding the drivers of tropical climate change. Here, we reconstruct the history of the ITF over the past ~120 kyr, based on high resolution (~400 yr) δ18O and Mg/Ca records of Globigerinoides ruber and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata from Core SO217-18540 retrieved from the Flores Sea upwelling region within the main pathway of the ITF. Comparison of these new records with published paleo-oceanographic and climatological data from the western tropical Pacific suggests that annual mean conditions in the Flores Sea were controlled by the ITF rather than by monsoonal upwelling. Our results further indicate that precessional insolation was a major forcing for the hydrological evolution of the ITF during the past 120 kyr. We suggest that precessional insolation forcing paced ITF variability by modulating the mean state of El Niño-Southern Oscillation-like conditions and latitudinal shifts or expansion/contraction of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
    Keywords: Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi; Flores Sea; GIK18540-3; Globigerinoides ruber; KL; MAJA; Mg/Ca ratio; Piston corer (BGR type); Pulleniatina obliquiloculata; SO217; SO217_26-3; Sonne; stable oxygen isotope
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Okhotsk Sea connects the high latitude Asian continent and North Pacific which plays an important role in modern and long-term glacial–interglacial climate changes linked to subarctic terrestrial and marine systems. On the basis of the marine sediment core MD01-2414 (53°11.77′N, 149°34.80′E, water depth: 1,123 m) taken in the central Okhotsk Sea, we here improve the pre-existing magnetostratigraphy by proposing a new age model, and reconstruct both the terrigenous transport and paleoceanographic variations during the past 1550 thousand years ago (ka). Seventeen geomagnetic excursions are identified from the paleomagnetic directional record. Close to the bottom of the core, an excursion was observed, which is proposed to be the Gilsa event at ~1550 ka. During glacial periods, our records reveal a wide extension of sea ice coverage and low marine productivity. We observed ice-rafted debris from mountain icebergs composed of coarse and high magnetic terrigenous detritus which were transported from the Kamchatka Peninsula to the central Okhotsk basin. Still during glacial periods, the initiation (i.e., at ~900 ka) of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition marks the change to even lower marine productivity, suggesting that sea-ice coverage became larger after this event. During interglacial periods, the sea-ice was either inexistent or at best seasonal in the central Okhotsk Sea; resulting in high marine productivity. The weaker formation of Okhotsk Sea Intermediate Water, lower ventilation, and microbial degradation of organic matter depleted the oxygen concentration in the bottom water and created a reduced environment condition in the sea basin. The freshwater supplied by snow or glacier melting from Siberia and Kamchatka delivered fine grain sediments to Okhotsk Sea. During the super-interglacial periods after the Mid-Brunhes Transition (i.e., Marine Isotope Stages 1, 5e, 9, and 11), strong freshwater discharged from Amur River drainage area associated with active East Asian Summer Monsoon, this phenomenon enhanced the input of fine-grained terrigenous detritus to the central Okhotsk Sea.
    Keywords: environmental magnetism; marine sediments; Mid-Brunhes Transition; mid-Pleistocene transition; Okhotsk Sea; paleomagnetism; Sea ice; Super-interglacial; terrigenous detritus
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Total (snow+ice) thickness measurements obtained during the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign using the helicopters on board the research vessels Polarstern and Akademik Fedorov. The data was gathered during 14 flights between October 2019 and July 2020 in the Transpolar Drift on spatial scales up to 80 km distance from the position of the ships. Version 1.0. For details for the processing, please see Henricks & Rohde (2020), Haas et al. (2009) and von Albedyll et al. (2021).
    Keywords: AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_5; Akademik Fedorov; Arctic Ocean; EM; HELI; Helicopter; IceSense; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122_4_44_127_2020062101; PS122_4_44_128_2020062102; PS122_4_44_130_2020062201; PS122_4_44_95_2020061901; PS122_4_45_38_2020063003; PS122_4_45_54_2020070101; PS122_4_46_40_2020070704; PS122/1_3-5; PS122/3; PS122/3_34-93; PS122/3_34-94; PS122/3_35-91; PS122/3_36-156; PS122/3_37-137; PS122/3_38-112; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-127; PS122/4_44-128; PS122/4_44-130; PS122/4_44-95; PS122/4_45-38; PS122/4_45-54; PS122/4_46-40; Remote Sensing of the Seasonal Evolution of Climate-relevant Sea Ice Properties; Sea ice thickness
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 14 datasets
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Solar radiation over and under sea ice was measured by radiation station 2014R4, an autonomous platform, installed on drifting Multi-Year-Ice (MYI) in the Arctic Ocean during Oden_AO18. The resulting time series describes radiation measurements as a function of place and time between 20 August 2018 and 20 December 2018 in sample intervals of 3 hours. The radiation measurements have been performed with spectral radiometers. All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors, solar irradiance and upward reflected solar irradiance, were mounted on a on a platform about 1 m above the sea ice surface. The third sensor was mounted 0.5 m underneath the sea ice measuring the downward transmitted irradiance. Along with the radiation measurements, this autonomous platform consisted of thermistor chain with 208 sensors and several other sensor packages, which measured water temperature, pressure and conductivity at hourly intervals. An underwater lightchain measured counts of red, green and blue light at 49 positions at hourly intervals. All times are given in UTC.
    Keywords: 2018R4; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Ocean 2018, MOCCHA; autonomous platform; AWI_SeaIce; buoy; Conductivity; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; drift; drift ice; Ice mass balance; light chain; meereisportal.de; MIDO; Multidisciplinary Ice-based Distributed Observatory; Oden; Oden_AO2018; Oden_AO2018_2018R4; RAD_S; Radiation Station; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI; solar radiation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 69 datasets
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: During the “Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC)” in 2019/2020 a Distributed Network (DN) of autonomous stations (buoys) was installed on the sea ice and drifted across the Arctic Ocean. This network consisted of 〉200 individual devices ranging from simple position buoys to complex and interdisciplinary multi-sensor platforms. Most (complex) measurements were performed on sea ice floes (sites or nodes) by co-located instruments. These sites were called medium (M) and large (L) sites. In addition, autonomous instruments were operated in the Central Observatory (CO), which consisted of the research ice breaker Polarstern and the adjacent ice camp. Initially, 4 L and 9 M sites were installed around the CO in a distance of up to 40 km. However, their distances and relative positions changed over time due to the drift of the ice pack over time. Over the course of the MOSAiC expedition, 3 different COs were established because of re-locations of RV Polarstern: CO1 started with the first drift of Polarstern on 04 October 2019; CO2 started with the second drift on 19 June 2020; and CO3 started with the third drift on 21 August 2020.
    Keywords: 2019O4; 2019O6; 2019T66; 2019V4; 2020M26; 2020O10; 2020P225; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_105; AF-MOSAiC-1_109; AF-MOSAiC-1_112; AF-MOSAiC-1_117; AF-MOSAiC-1_120; AF-MOSAiC-1_124; AF-MOSAiC-1_127; AF-MOSAiC-1_128; AF-MOSAiC-1_77; AF-MOSAiC-1_86; AF-MOSAiC-1_95; Akademik Fedorov; Akademik Tryoshnikov; Arctic Ocean; AT-MOSAiC-1; AT-MOSAiC-1_1; AT-MOSAiC-1_3; AT-MOSAiC-1_4; BUOY_CTD_CHAIN; BUOY_SNOW; Buoy, Drift Towing Ocean Profiler; Buoy; CTD chain; CT; distributed network; drift track; DTOP; Ice Mass Balance buoy, flexibel; Ice-Tethered Profiler; IMBflex; ISVP; ITP; ITP94, 2019W2, PS122/1_1-168; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; North Greenland Sea; Ocean CTD buoy; OCTDB; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-124; PS122/1_1-139, 2019S94; PS122/1_1-145, 2019S81; PS122/1_1-151, 2019O4; PS122/1_1-153, 2019O6; PS122/1_1-154, 2019O7; PS122/1_1-172, 2019T69; PS122/1_1-275, 2019V1; PS122/1_1-276, 2019V2; PS122/1_1-278, 2019V4; PS122/1_1-314, 2019T67; PS122/1-track; PS122/2; PS122/2-track; PS122/3; PS122/3_28-114; PS122/3-track; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-68; PS122/4-track; PS122/5; PS122/5_58-94; PS122/5-track; SAMS Ice Mass Balance buoy; SIMBA; Snow buoy; Surface velocity profiler; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 15 datasets
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Vertical profiles of water temperature, pressure and salinity were measured by the Drift Towing Ocean Profiler (DTOP) buoy 2019V3, a.k.a. 2019C, an autonomous platform, installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during MOSAiC (Leg 1) 2019/20. The resulting time series describes the vertical profile of the ocean below the sea ice as a function of place and time between 07 October 2019 and 03 August 2020 in sample intervals of 12 hours. In addition, the DTOP measured air temperature, relative humidity and barometric pressure and GPS position at hourly intervals. This instrument was deployed as part of the projects National Key R&D Program of China and The Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology.
    Keywords: 2019V3; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_113; Akademik Fedorov; Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; Buoy, Drift Towing Ocean Profiler; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; drift; DTOP; meereisportal.de; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; ocean profile; Polarstern; PS122/1_1-277, 2019V3; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-160; Salinity; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: A set of eight ice-tethered buoy systems (2019O1 to 2019O8) were deployed by the Akademik Fedorov in the Northern Laptev Sea in early October 2019 as part of the MOSAiC Distributed Network. Each buoy consisted of 5 Seabird SBE37IMP Microcat CTDs mounted along an inductive modem tether at depths of 10, 20, 50, 75 and 100m. The buoys were installed on stable sea ice floes (designated as “M-sites”) at a distance of 15-35 km around the main MOSAiC ice camp, and co-located with Snow Buoys, Ice Mass Balance Buoys and D-TOP ocean profilers. The individual instruments were programmed to record oceanographic data internally at 2-minute intervals. The surface unit of the buoy prompted the instruments for an additional measurement every 10 minutes, which was then transmitted to a base station via iridium along with GPS position and time, as well as surface temperature. After a several months long drift through the Central Arctic Ocean, 4 out of 8 buoys were recovered in August 2020, and the internally recorded data from the CTDs were secured. The attached zip archive comprises the unprocessed 10-minute data transmitted by the buoy (.txt file), as well as the 2-minute data downloaded and converted from the 5 individual CTDs after their recovery (either .cap or .cnv). A processed and quality controlled version of this dataset will be supplemented and linked to upon completion. A link to a data paper describing the processing will be given below.
    Keywords: 2019O1; 2019O3; 2019O4; 2019O6; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_106; AF-MOSAiC-1_110; AF-MOSAiC-1_114; AF-MOSAiC-1_117; AF-MOSAiC-1_121; AF-MOSAiC-1_124; AF-MOSAiC-1_127; AF-MOSAiC-1_131; Akademik Fedorov; Akademik Tryoshnikov; Arctic Ocean; AT-MOSAiC-1; AT-MOSAiC-1_1; AT-MOSAiC-1_4; buoy; eddy; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; mesoscale; MIDO; MOSAiC; MOSAIC_PO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Multidisciplinary Ice-based Distributed Observatory; North Greenland Sea; Ocean CTD buoy; oceanography; OCTDB; Polarstern; PS122/1_1-148, 2019O1; PS122/1_1-149, 2019O2; PS122/1_1-150, 2019O3; PS122/1_1-151, 2019O4; PS122/1_1-152, 2019O5; PS122/1_1-153, 2019O6; PS122/1_1-154, 2019O7; PS122/1_1-155, 2019O8; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-149; PS122/4_43-165; Transpolar Drift
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This dataset captures the yearlong evolution of physical properties of the snow cover over Arctic sea ice during the MOSAiC expedition (October 2019-September 2020). It also includes the surface scattering layer that is typical of the melting summer sea ice surface. This dataset is specifically for measurements that were logged as “snowpit events” during MOSAiC. The snowpit events were either detailed point-measurements of vertical snow profiles or horizontally repeated transects, measured at selected locations in designated undisturbed areas. One snowpit event corresponds to one site visit. The snowpits are often co-located with measurements from other MOSAiC teams to improve our understanding of how snow cover affects and interacts with the atmosphere-sea ice-ocean-ecology system. Most snowpits were measured at least bi-weekly to capture the temporal evolution of physical properties of snow. Some snowpits were one-off events to capture interesting and unplanned-for surface conditions. This dataset includes 576 snowpit events, and describes the snow conditions during the entire expedition. Please direct inquiries to; David Wagner (PS122/1), Martin Schneebeli (PS122/2), Amy Macfarlane (PS122/3 and PS122/4), Ruzica Dadic (PS122/5).
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-11; PS122/1_10-18; PS122/1_10-5; PS122/1_10-50; PS122/1_10-58; PS122/1_10-70; PS122/1_10-71; PS122/1_10-72; PS122/1_11-23; PS122/1_4-10; PS122/1_5-28; PS122/1_5-35; PS122/1_5-5; PS122/1_6-146; PS122/1_6-147; PS122/1_6-29; PS122/1_6-30; PS122/1_6-41; PS122/1_6-42; PS122/1_6-43; PS122/1_6-44; PS122/1_6-45; PS122/1_6-46; PS122/1_6-47; PS122/1_6-5; PS122/1_6-6; PS122/1_6-65; PS122/1_6-66; PS122/1_6-67; PS122/1_6-68; PS122/1_6-69; PS122/1_6-70; PS122/1_6-75; PS122/1_7-12; PS122/1_7-129; PS122/1_7-32; PS122/1_7-33; PS122/1_7-34; PS122/1_7-35; PS122/1_7-36; PS122/1_7-37; PS122/1_7-38; PS122/1_7-5; PS122/1_7-68; PS122/1_7-69; PS122/1_7-70; PS122/1_7-71; PS122/1_7-72; PS122/1_7-73; PS122/1_7-8; PS122/1_7-87; PS122/1_7-88; PS122/1_8-1; PS122/1_8-27; PS122/1_8-28; PS122/1_8-29; PS122/1_8-30; PS122/1_8-31; PS122/1_8-32; PS122/1_8-68; PS122/1_8-69; PS122/1_8-70; PS122/1_8-78; PS122/1_8-79; PS122/1_9-111; PS122/1_9-117; PS122/1_9-23; PS122/1_9-25; PS122/1_9-3; PS122/1_9-71; PS122/1_9-72; PS122/1_9-73; PS122/1_9-74; PS122/2; PS122/2_16-24; PS122/2_16-44; PS122/2_16-45; PS122/2_16-46; PS122/2_16-62; PS122/2_16-73; PS122/2_16-9; PS122/2_16-90; PS122/2_17-109; PS122/2_17-16; PS122/2_17-43; PS122/2_17-44; PS122/2_17-45; PS122/2_17-46; PS122/2_17-47; PS122/2_17-49; PS122/2_17-89; PS122/2_17-90; PS122/2_17-91; PS122/2_18-107; PS122/2_18-108; PS122/2_18-17; PS122/2_18-47; PS122/2_18-52; PS122/2_18-53; PS122/2_18-54; PS122/2_18-55; PS122/2_18-56; PS122/2_18-66; PS122/2_18-76; PS122/2_18-8; PS122/2_18-9; PS122/2_19-128; PS122/2_19-129; PS122/2_19-131; PS122/2_19-132; PS122/2_19-133; PS122/2_19-134; PS122/2_19-135; PS122/2_19-137; PS122/2_19-141; PS122/2_19-142; PS122/2_19-144; PS122/2_19-145; PS122/2_19-146; PS122/2_19-160; PS122/2_19-161; PS122/2_19-181; PS122/2_19-28; PS122/2_19-35; PS122/2_19-41; PS122/2_19-75; PS122/2_19-9; PS122/2_19-92; PS122/2_20-107; PS122/2_20-108; PS122/2_20-123; PS122/2_20-136; PS122/2_20-137; PS122/2_20-138; PS122/2_20-139; PS122/2_20-140; PS122/2_20-141; PS122/2_20-142; PS122/2_20-143; PS122/2_20-144; PS122/2_20-145; PS122/2_20-164; PS122/2_20-35; PS122/2_20-36; PS122/2_20-4; PS122/2_20-70; PS122/2_20-80; PS122/2_20-83; PS122/2_21-14; PS122/2_21-15; PS122/2_21-158; PS122/2_21-159; PS122/2_21-16; PS122/2_21-170; PS122/2_21-52; PS122/2_21-53; PS122/2_21-72; PS122/2_21-84; PS122/2_21-96; PS122/2_22-43; PS122/2_22-46; PS122/2_22-5; PS122/2_22-6; PS122/2_22-61; PS122/2_22-66; PS122/2_22-67; PS122/2_22-68; PS122/2_22-69; PS122/2_22-73; PS122/2_22-74; PS122/2_23-105; PS122/2_23-2; PS122/2_23-34; PS122/2_23-53; PS122/2_23-73; PS122/2_23-74; PS122/2_23-75; PS122/2_23-76; PS122/2_23-77; PS122/2_23-78; PS122/2_23-79; PS122/2_23-85; PS122/2_23-9; PS122/2_24-112; PS122/2_24-113; PS122/2_24-14; PS122/2_24-15; PS122/2_24-16; PS122/2_24-35; PS122/2_24-56; PS122/2_24-81; PS122/2_24-86; PS122/2_25-105; PS122/2_25-128; PS122/2_25-22; PS122/2_25-23; PS122/2_25-59; PS122/2_25-60; PS122/2_25-61; PS122/2_25-62; PS122/2_25-63; PS122/2_25-80; PS122/2_25-81; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-28; PS122/3_29-29; PS122/3_29-38; PS122/3_29-43; PS122/3_29-50; PS122/3_29-9; PS122/3_30-17; PS122/3_30-25; PS122/3_30-42; PS122/3_30-61; PS122/3_31-55; PS122/3_31-79; PS122/3_32-22; PS122/3_32-41; PS122/3_32-59; PS122/3_32-61; PS122/3_32-88; PS122/3_32-92; PS122/3_32-93; PS122/3_33-102; PS122/3_33-103; PS122/3_33-112; PS122/3_33-113; PS122/3_33-40; PS122/3_33-41; PS122/3_33-42; PS122/3_33-65; PS122/3_33-66; PS122/3_34-2; PS122/3_34-34; PS122/3_34-45; PS122/3_34-46; PS122/3_34-60; PS122/3_34-91; PS122/3_35-111; PS122/3_35-120; PS122/3_35-121; PS122/3_35-23; PS122/3_35-24; PS122/3_35-53; PS122/3_35-56; PS122/3_36-102; PS122/3_36-103; PS122/3_36-104; PS122/3_36-105; PS122/3_36-106; PS122/3_36-107; PS122/3_36-137; PS122/3_36-138; PS122/3_36-14; PS122/3_36-15; PS122/3_36-35; PS122/3_36-99; PS122/3_37-129; PS122/3_37-130; PS122/3_37-131; PS122/3_37-132; PS122/3_37-133; PS122/3_37-156; PS122/3_37-21; PS122/3_37-22; PS122/3_37-39; PS122/3_37-40; PS122/3_37-41; PS122/3_37-56; PS122/3_37-57; PS122/3_37-58; PS122/3_37-68; PS122/3_38-1; PS122/3_38-141; PS122/3_38-142; PS122/3_38-152; PS122/3_38-4; PS122/3_38-51; PS122/3_38-52; PS122/3_38-93; PS122/3_38-94; PS122/3_38-95; PS122/3_38-96; PS122/3_38-97; PS122/3_38-98; PS122/3_39-45; PS122/3_39-46; PS122/3_39-47; PS122/3_39-48; PS122/3_39-87; PS122/3_39-88; PS122/3_39-89; PS122/3_39-90; PS122/3_39-91; PS122/3_39-92; PS122/3_40-14; PS122/3_40-15; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-121; PS122/4_44-122; PS122/4_44-155; PS122/4_44-156; PS122/4_44-157; PS122/4_44-193; PS122/4_44-215; PS122/4_44-216; PS122/4_44-218; PS122/4_44-220; PS122/4_44-249; PS122/4_44-44; PS122/4_44-45; PS122/4_44-46; PS122/4_44-47; PS122/4_45-107; PS122/4_45-108; PS122/4_45-132; PS122/4_45-16; PS122/4_45-17; PS122/4_45-176; PS122/4_45-177; PS122/4_45-179; PS122/4_45-18; PS122/4_45-180; PS122/4_45-181; PS122/4_45-182; PS122/4_45-46; PS122/4_45-62; PS122/4_45-63; PS122/4_45-8; PS122/4_45-86; PS122/4_45-87; PS122/4_45-89; PS122/4_46-104; PS122/4_46-105; PS122/4_46-106; PS122/4_46-107; PS122/4_46-108; PS122/4_46-109; PS122/4_46-110; PS122/4_46-111; PS122/4_46-112; PS122/4_46-135; PS122/4_46-138; PS122/4_46-139; PS122/4_46-140; PS122/4_46-146; PS122/4_46-181; PS122/4_46-187; PS122/4_46-188; PS122/4_46-190; PS122/4_46-191; PS122/4_46-192; PS122/4_46-288; PS122/4_46-29; PS122/4_46-30; PS122/4_46-31; PS122/4_46-32; PS122/4_46-48; PS122/4_46-50; PS122/4_47-156; PS122/4_47-175; PS122/4_47-176; PS122/4_47-177; PS122/4_47-178; PS122/4_47-179; PS122/4_47-22; PS122/4_47-23; PS122/4_47-61; PS122/4_47-66; PS122/4_47-76; PS122/4_47-77; PS122/4_47-97; PS122/4_48-100; PS122/4_48-142; PS122/4_48-143; PS122/4_48-144; PS122/4_48-145; PS122/4_48-146; PS122/4_48-147; PS122/4_48-148; PS122/4_48-177; PS122/4_48-186; PS122/4_48-187; PS122/4_48-188; PS122/4_48-189; PS122/4_48-190; PS122/4_48-191; PS122/4_48-196; PS122/4_48-40; PS122/4_48-41; PS122/4_48-42; PS122/4_48-43; PS122/4_48-44; PS122/4_48-45; PS122/4_48-47; PS122/4_48-58; PS122/4_48-83; PS122/4_48-85; PS122/4_48-86; PS122/4_49-15; PS122/4_49-19; PS122/4_49-20; PS122/4_49-46; PS122/4_49-47; PS122/4_49-48; PS122/4_49-7; PS122/4_49-8; PS122/4_99-56; PS122/4_99-57; PS122/4_99-58; PS122/4_99-59; PS122/4_99-60; PS122/4_99-61; PS122/4_99-62; PS122/4_99-63; PS122/4_99-65; PS122/4_99-66; PS122/4_99-67; PS122/4_99-68; PS122/4_99-69; PS122/4_99-70; PS122/4_99-71; PS122/4_99-72; PS122/4_99-73; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-193; PS122/5_59-204; PS122/5_59-206; PS122/5_59-222; PS122/5_59-235; PS122/5_59-250; PS122/5_59-267; PS122/5_59-268; PS122/5_59-292; PS122/5_59-302; PS122/5_59-303; PS122/5_59-304; PS122/5_59-313; PS122/5_59-314; PS122/5_59-315; PS122/5_59-350; PS122/5_59-351; PS122/5_59-352; PS122/5_59-353; PS122/5_59-354; PS122/5_59-368; PS122/5_60-10; PS122/5_60-117; PS122/5_60-118; PS122/5_60-119; PS122/5_60-120; PS122/5_60-128; PS122/5_60-142; PS122/5_60-143; PS122/5_60-144; PS122/5_60-145; PS122/5_60-168; PS122/5_60-170; PS122/5_60-2; PS122/5_60-24; PS122/5_60-25; PS122/5_60-26; PS122/5_60-43; PS122/5_60-74; PS122/5_60-75; PS122/5_60-76; PS122/5_60-77; PS122/5_60-78; PS122/5_60-91; PS122/5_61-10; PS122/5_61-102; PS122/5_61-103; PS122/5_61-104; PS122/5_61-105; PS122/5_61-132; PS122/5_61-138; PS122/5_61-139; PS122/5_61-140; PS122/5_61-162; PS122/5_61-166; PS122/5_61-167; PS122/5_61-168; PS122/5_61-170; PS122/5_61-198; PS122/5_61-2; PS122/5_61-230; PS122/5_61-231; PS122/5_61-232; PS122/5_61-233; PS122/5_61-234; PS122/5_61-235; PS122/5_61-236; PS122/5_61-237; PS122/5_61-25; PS122/5_61-27; PS122/5_61-28; PS122/5_61-29; PS122/5_61-4; PS122/5_61-5; PS122/5_61-8; PS122/5_61-9; PS122/5_61-97; PS122/5_62-10; PS122/5_62-100; PS122/5_62-101; PS122/5_62-102; PS122/5_62-119; PS122/5_62-123; PS122/5_62-124; PS122/5_62-125; PS122/5_62-126; PS122/
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 15 datasets
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This dataset provides 37 CTD profiles measured on board of the German R/V Sonne (cruise SO269) in the northern South China Sea, under the project SOCLIS – South China Sea Natural Laboratory under Climatic and Anthropogenic Stress, in August and September 2019. The 37 profiles of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, turbidity, surface irradiance (SPAR) and Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and sound velocity were measured using a CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus, together with oxygen sensor (SBE 43), PAR sensor (Biospherical, QCP-2350 + QSR-2200), and a fluorometer (WET Labs ECO-FLNTU(RT)D). Additionally, dissolved oxygen, potential temperature and sigma-theta (with reference to the surface) were calculated. The 37 additional CTD files complement the physical oceanography dataset (Waniek et al., 2021).
    Keywords: physical oceanography; SOCLIS; South China Sea; South China Sea Natural Laboratory under Climatic and Anthropogenic Stress
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 37 datasets
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. 2020M26 (a.k.a. Bruncin IMB042) is an autonomous modular instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 4th leg of MOSAiC in June 2020. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 256 sensors. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after three heating cycles of 4, 20 and 24 s as a function of place, depth and time between 26 June 2020 and 19 August 2020 in sample intervals of 1 hour for temperature and 6 hours for temperature differences. In addition, this modular buoy consisted of sensors measuring position (GPS) and barometric pressure at hourly intervals. The buoy was installed on a ridge, called Jaridge that was studied during leg 4, in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. This instrument was deployed as part of the project Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean (HAVOC), funded by the Research Council of Norway (project number 280292).
    Keywords: 2020M26; Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; HAVOC; Ice mass balance; Ice Mass Balance buoy, flexibel; IMBflex; meereisportal.de; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-68; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; solar radiation; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The Southern Ocean paleoceanography provides key insights into how iron fertilization and oceanic productivity developed through Pleistocene ice-ages and their role in influencing the carbon cycle. We report the first high-resolution record of dust deposition and ocean productivity for the Antarctic Zone, close to the main dust source, Patagonia. Our deep-ocean records cover the last 1.5 Ma, thus doubling that from Antarctic ice-cores. We find a 5 to 15-fold increase in dust deposition during glacials and a 2 to 5-fold increase in biogenic silica deposition, reflecting higher ocean productivity during interglacials. This antiphasing persisted throughout the last 25 glacial cycles. Dust deposition became more pronounced across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) in the Southern Hemisphere, with an abrupt shift suggesting more severe glaciations since ~0.9 Ma. Productivity was intermediate pre-MPT, lowest during the MPT and highest since 0.4 Ma. Generally, glacials experienced extended sea-ice cover, reduced bottom-water export and Weddell Gyre dynamics, which helped lower atmospheric CO2 levels.
    Keywords: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 12 datasets
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: One unmanned ice station (UIS) has been deployed at the L3 site (85.13ºN, 135.68ºE) of the Distributed Network (DN) of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign on 10 October 2019. The UIS is a new prototype of IMB assembled by the Polar Research Institute of China, which consists of two separate units (ice and ocean) to measure physical parameters of the air-snow-sea ice-ocean system. For the ice unit, two acoustic sensors (Campbell SR50A and Teledyne-Benthos PSA916, respectively) are used to measure the relative changes in the position of the air/snow and ice/water interfaces. Thermistors (Maxim Integrated DS28EA00) mounted at 0.03 m spacing along a 4.5-m thermistor chain were used to measure temperature profiles. Air temperature and relative humidity (Vaisala HMP155A), as well as barometric pressure (Vaisala CS106), were measured at 1.5 m height above the initial snow surface. The UIS ocean unit (CT package) consisted of five conductivity & temperature sensors (RBR duo CT), one conductivity, and temperature & depth (pressure) sensor (RBR concerto CTD). The ocean unit were used to measure upper ocean at the depths of about 5-40 m, with the initial depths of 5.4, 10.4, 15.4, 20.4, 25.4, and 40.4 m. The ice and ocean units of UIS were deployed 10 m apart. The initial ice thickness and snow depth at the buoy deployment site were 1.53 and 0.15 m, respectively. The changes in ice thickness was determined using measurements by the underwater acoustic sounder. The measuring noise of the acoustic sounder has been removed. Since the acoustic sensor at the surface was invalid very soon after the deployment, the evolution of the air/snow interface was determined using the temperature profiles. Overall, the measurement accuracy was 0.1 K for temperature, 0.03 m for the snow or ice surface, and 0.01 m for the ice bottom, respectively. After the snow cover melted over, the negative values for the snow depth indicate the onset of ice surface melt. The changes in the depths of CT sensors were estimated based on their initial depths and the depth measured by the CTD at the bottom of CT package. The measurement of the UIS ice unit lasted until 15 June 2020 when the buoy drifted to 82.28°N; while the ocean unit lasted until 28 September 2020 and finally failed at 74.09°N.
    Keywords: AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_100; Akademik Fedorov; Arctic Ocean; CT package; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1_1-263; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-177; Sea ice mass balance; UnIS; Unmanned ice station; Unmanned Ice Station
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: A set of eight ice-tethered buoy systems (2019O1 to 2019O8) were deployed by the Akademik Fedorov in the Northern Laptev Sea in early October 2019 as part of the MOSAiC Distributed Network. Each buoy consisted of 5 Seabird SBE37IMP Microcat CTDs mounted along an inductive modem tether at depths of 10, 20, 50, 75 and 100m. The CTDs were recording oceanographic data internally at 2-minute intervals. The surface unit of the buoy prompted the instruments for an additional measurement every 10 minutes, which was then transmitted to a base station via iridium along with GPS position and time, as well as surface temperature. After a several months long drift through the Central Arctic Ocean, 4 out of 8 buoys were recovered in August 2020, and the internally recorded data from the CTDs were secured. The 10-minute buoy data and 2-minute CTD data were co-processed and merged into a combined product. A buoy flag indicates whether a measurement was taken by the buoy (1) or was recorded by the CTD itself (0). The data were quality controlled by means of outlier detection using global limits, moving average filters and manual inspection. The dataset was carefully checked for inconsistencies, especially in the salinity. A (slightly modified) quality flagging scheme was applied according to the Ocean Data Standards Volume 3 (UNESCO 2013), where 1 = Good, 2 = Good (Modified), 3 = Questionable, 4 = Bad, 9 = no data. Finally, the data were validated against independent measurements. Details are available in the data paper indicted below.
    Keywords: 2019O1; 2019O3; 2019O4; 2019O6; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_106; AF-MOSAiC-1_110; AF-MOSAiC-1_114; AF-MOSAiC-1_117; AF-MOSAiC-1_121; AF-MOSAiC-1_124; AF-MOSAiC-1_127; AF-MOSAiC-1_131; Akademik Fedorov; Akademik Tryoshnikov; Arctic Ocean; AT-MOSAiC-1; AT-MOSAiC-1_1; AT-MOSAiC-1_4; buoy; eddy; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; mesoscale; mesoscale eddy; MIDO; MOSAiC; MOSAIC_PO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Multidisciplinary Ice-based Distributed Observatory; North Greenland Sea; Ocean CTD buoy; oceanographic time series; oceanography; OCTDB; Polarstern; PS122/1_1-148, 2019O1; PS122/1_1-149, 2019O2; PS122/1_1-150, 2019O3; PS122/1_1-151, 2019O4; PS122/1_1-152, 2019O5; PS122/1_1-153, 2019O6; PS122/1_1-154, 2019O7; PS122/1_1-155, 2019O8; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-149; PS122/4_43-165; Transpolar Drift
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. SIMBA 2020T79 (a.k.a. PRIC_10_07, IRIDIUM number 300234068527600) is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 3rd leg of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) in April 2020. The buoy was deployed at the new Met City of Central observatory with initial thicknesses of snow and ice of 0.32 and 2.82 m, respectively, on 16 April 2020. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 241 sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The depths for the sensors are 66 to -412 cm, referring to the initial interface between snow and ice. The last sensor was used to measure the air temperature at 1 m above the initial snow surface. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after two heating cycles of 30 and 120 s as a function of depth and time between 16 April 2020 and 31 July 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours for temperature and 24 hours for temperature differences. In addition to temperature, geographic position, barometric pressure, tilt and compass were measured.
    Keywords: 2020T79; 2020T79, PRIC_10_07; Arctic Ocean; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC-ICE; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/3; PS122/3_28-92; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-155; SAMS Ice Mass Balance buoy; Sea ice mass balance; SIMBA; snow; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) was operated during leg 4 of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The balloon was operated from the Balloon Town site in the central observatory, close to RV Polarstern (Shupe et al., 2022). Balloon payload included an extended meteorological package, an ultrasonic anemometer package, a broadband radiation package, the video ice particle sampler, and the cubic aerosol measurement platform. An overview showing the value of the combined observation is displayed by Lonardi et al. (2022). The data processing is described in Pilz et al. (2023). The present dataset covers the solar irradiances measured by the broadband radiation package on 18 flights between 29 June and 27 July 2020.
    Keywords: ABL; AC3; Arctic; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; BELUGA; Broadband radiation; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-141; PS122/4_45-156; PS122/4_46-183; PS122/4_47-165; PS122/4_47-166; PS122/4_47-167; PS122/4_47-168; PS122/4_47-171; PS122/4_47-99; PS122/4_48-131; PS122/4_48-133; PS122/4_48-135; PS122/4_48-139; PS122/4_48-216; PS122/4_48-217; PS122/4_48-218; PS122/4_49-98; Radiation fluxes; solar radiation; Tethered balloon; Tethered balloon system BELUGA; vertical profile
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 18 datasets
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Short sediment cores were taken at six stations in Wismar Bay, southern Baltic Sea (Germany) in May 2019 using a Rumohr-Lot device. Our aim in this study was to investigate the role of diagenetic element fluxes and different fresh water sources, including submarine groundwater discharge, on the water column in the bay. Porewaters were extracted from the sediment cores by applying the rhizon technique at a resolution between 2 and 5 cm. The porewaters were analyzed for major and trace metals and selected nutrients using a ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific), total sulphide by a Specord 40 spectrophotometer (Analytik Jena), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and δ13CDIC using an isotope gas mass spectrometre (MAT 253) coupled to a Gasbench II, and δ18OH2O, and δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, Picarro L2140- I). Sediment cores were further sliced at 2 to 4 cm resolution and each freeze-dried solid subsample was analyzed for contents of total carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur using an Elemental Analyzer (Euro Vector EuroEA 3, 052), inorganic carbon using an Elemental Analyzer multi EA (Analytik Jena), total mercury by a DMA-80 analyzer, and HCl-extractable Pb, Mn and Fe using an ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific).
    Keywords: DAM sustainMare - MGF Baltic Sea: Exclusion of mobile bottom-contact fishing in marine protected areas of the German Exclusive Economic Zone of the Baltic Sea; MGF_Baltic_Sea; Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Protection and sustainable use of marine areas; southern Baltic Sea; Stable isotope; submarine groundwate discharge; sustainMare
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Solar radiation over and under sea ice was measured by radiation station 2020R15, an autonomous platform, installed on drifting First-Year-Ice (FYI) in the Arctic Ocean during MOSAiC (Leg 4) 2019/20. The resulting time series describes radiation measurements as a function of place and time between 13 July 2020 and 19 July 2020 in sample intervals of 3 hours. The radiation measurements have been performed with spectral radiometers. All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors, solar irradiance and upward reflected solar irradiance, were mounted on a on a platform about 1 m above the sea ice surface. The third sensor was mounted 0.5 m underneath the sea ice measuring the downward transmitted irradiance. This buoy had no own GPS source. It was located at the Central Observertory (CO2) of MOSAiC. The drift track of CO2 is published here: Nicolaus, Marcel; Riemann-Campe, Kathrin; Bliss, Angela; Hutchings, Jennifer K; Granskog, Mats A; Haas, Christian; Hoppmann, Mario; Kanzow, Torsten; Krishfield, Richard A; Lei, Ruibo; Rex, Markus; Li, Tao; Rabe, Benjamin (2021): Drift trajectory of the Central Observatory 2 (CO2) of the Distributed Network of MOSAiC 2019/2020. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.937186
    Keywords: 2020R15; Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; AWI_SeaIce; buoy; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; drift; meereisportal.de; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-119; RAD_S; Radiation Station; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI; solar radiation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Rock magnetic and paleomagnetic results covering the past 30 ka were constructed from two sediment cores MSM33_856-1 (MSM33-55-1) and MSM33_855-1 (54-3) from the Black Sea. After the Mediterranean Sea water ingression, finely laminated organic-rich sapropelic sediments and coccolith oozes were deposited in the Black Sea since about 8.3 ka. Relict magnetic minerals in the Black Sea sarpoples are ferrous hemoilmenite, Fe-Mn and Fe-Cr spinels, and magnetite inclusions. In sediments deposited between about 14 and 8 ka, greigite and pyrite were formed in sediments because of the seawater penetration from overlying sediments after the seawater ingression. Before ~14 ka, the Black Sea sediments are dominated by detrital (titano-)magnetite minerals and the sporadically formed greigite which has SIRM/𝜅LF ratios 〉 10 kAm-2. By comparison with detrital (titano-)magnetite samples between 20-30 ka, we found that relict magnetic mineral samples between 0-8.3 ka have similar behavior in recording the geomagnetic field. Moreover, the geomagnetic field variations reconstructed from the Black Sea sapropels are comparable with other validated regional datasets for the past 8.3 ka. The natural remanent magnetization (NRM) and the anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) were measured with a 2G Enterprises 755 SRM (cryogenic) long-core magnetometer equipped with a sample holder for eight discrete samples at a separation of 20 cm. The magnetometer's in-line tri-axial alternating field (AF) demagnetizer was used to demagnetize the NRM and ARM of the samples. The NRM was measured after application of AF peak amplitudes of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 65, 80, and 100 mT. Directions of the characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) were determined by principle component analysis (PCA) according to Kirschvink (1980). The error range of the ChRM is given as the maximum angular deviation (MAD). The ARM was imparted along the samples' z-axis with a static field of 0.05 mT and an AF field of 100 mT. Demagnetization then was performed in steps of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 65, and 80 mT. The median destructive field of the ARM (MDFARM) was determined to estimate the coercivity of the sediments. The slope of NRM versus ARM of common demagnetization steps was used to determine the relative paleointensity (RPI). In most cases, demagnetization steps from 20 to 65 mT were used to determine the RPI.
    Keywords: Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemünde; Black Sea; GeoForschungszentrum Potsdam; GFZ; Holocene; IOW; Paleomagnatic Secular Variation (PSV); rock magnetism
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Quicklook plots for all data collected using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. The horizontal positions in the plots are only the pre-processed version and are not post-processed as described in the comments of the bibliography or as provided in the collection positioning and telemetry.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 93 datasets
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Absorbance and spectral absorption coefficient (SAC) parameters as measured by a VIPER G2 spectral transmissometer (TriOS) mounted in the sensor skid of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. Data use manufacturer calibration. The path length was 250 mm and the wavelength range 360-750 nm. More technical details can be found here: https://www.trios.de/en/viper.html.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; attenuation coefficient; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 92 datasets
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The dataset consist of camera shots of the sky. The camera - a total sky imager manufactured by Canon (Powershot) - was mounted at the top of the Research Vessel Polarstern. At the leg4 (from June until August 2020) of the MOSAIC experiment from Longyearbyen - Arctic Ocean this camera shots were taken with a temporal resolution between 1 minute and 16 seconds. The dataset represents the visible projection of weather conditions and cloud cover recorded on the vessel Polarstern in the direction near the zenith. These observations are useful for the interpretation of the atmospheric radiation measurements.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; ATMOBS; Atmospheric Observatory; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; OCEANET; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-11; PS122/4_43-145; total sky image
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 70 datasets
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; BEAST; bomb-calorimetry; energy density; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Nansen closing net; NN; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_7-48; PS122/1_7-81; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-40; PS122/2_17-77; PS122/2_18-33; PS122/2_19-16; PS122/2_19-31; PS122/2_20-11; PS122/2_20-16; PS122/2_20-24; PS122/2_21-42; PS122/2_22-24; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-62; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_39-38; PS122/3_39-55; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-75; PS122/4_45-32; PS122/4_45-55; PS122/4_46-41; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_49-21; PS122/5; PS122/5_61-196; PS122/5_62-90; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Ring net; RN; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: GNSS Raw Data (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.956114) from board RV Polarstern during the MOSAiC expedition was processed with scintillation-processing software (see Kriegel et al, 2017). The result is stored in .ascii format and contains for each GNSS satellite in view general information such as C/No, Azimuth and Elevation Angle and basic scintillation measurements such as amplitude and phase scintillation index. Results are provided with 1 minute resolution.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; GNSS; GNSS Receiver; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; North Greenland Sea; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-3; PS122/1_1-30; PS122/2; PS122/2_14-130; PS122/3; PS122/3_99-89; PS122/4; PS122/4_99-90; PS122/5; PS122/5_58-130
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The XRD data has been gained from pulverized and homogenized samples of every 5 cm by KOPRI personal at KOPRI and University of Tromsoe sampling parties. XRD raw measurements were run at Crystallography, Geosciences, University of Bremen in 2018-2020. Measurement conditions: Philips X'Pert Diffractometer, Cu radiation, fixed divergence, secoundary Ni filter, 3-85 ° 2theta, 0.0016° step size, 100 sec calculated step time. XRD mineral assemblage determination were subsequently gained through the QUAX full pattern quantitative determination software (see Vogt et al. 2002 at Pangaea methods wiki). The software allows for differentiation of all minerals. Here, the Fe-oxides and hydroxides were in the focus of the research manuscript. A QXRD investigation allows for not only identification of mineral content but also for detailing authigenic vs. allochthonous minerals, transport of detrital input to the sediment core and the interpretation of the transport processes and the local environment as well as the paleoceanographic reconstruction of the region. Sediment ages are given through the below mentioned data sets. A series of fjord surface sediments were collected from various Svalbard fjord systems during expeditions of RV Helmer Hanssen from UiT The Arctic University of Norway between 2012 and 2019 (Fig. 1). Four gravity cores were retrieved along a 150 km long N‒S transect from the continental shelf off northern Svalbard to the innermost Wijdefjorden: core HH17-1085-GC (hereafter 1085; 80.27°N, 16.21°E, 322 m water depth; continental shelf), HH17-1094-GC (hereafter 1094; 79.74°N, 15.42°E, 148 m water depth; fjord mouth), HH17-1100-GC (hereafter 1100; 79.30°N, 15.78°E, 112 m water depth; central fjord), and HH17-1106-GC (hereafter 1106; 79.00°N, 16.21°E, 160 m water depth; inner fjord)
    Keywords: Full Pattern Quantification with QUAX software; Holocene Research; Korean Polar Institute; Svalbard fjords; XRD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Conductivity, temperature, and pressure were measured by a Glider Payload CTD (SBE GPCTD, Seabird). Oxygen frequency was measured by an oxygen optode (SBE 43F DO, Seabird). Both instruments were mounted in the sensor skid of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. Data use manufacturer calibration. The Gibbs SeaWater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox of TEOS-10 was used to derive other hydrographic data. The conversion from oxygen frequency to dissolved oxygen concentration was performed using the OOI L2 data product DOCONCF (Vardaro, 2014).
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; GPCTD; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 84 datasets
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Water/ice velocity data and instrument status from a Nortek Aquadopp Profiler 2MHz acoustic doppler current profiler (ADCP) attached to a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. The Aquadopp System Integrator Manual by Nortek AS can be found here: https://sensor.awi.de/rest/sensors/onlineResources/getOnlineResourcesFile/1764/system-integrator-manual_Mar2016.pdf
    Keywords: ADCP; Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 184 datasets
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: We generated alkenone- and TEX86- based paleotemperature estimates for MIS 6-5 in core M125-55-7 (offshore Eastern Brazil) to text whether previously generated foraminiferal Mg/Ca SST are seasonaly biased. We find that alkenone and Mg/Ca-temperatures reflect annual mean SST with a transient winter bias of alkenone SST during MIS 5a-c. The winter-bias might relate to increased upwelling activity as indicated by higher abundances of G. bulloides. TEX86 temperatures (despite showing annual mean SST in core tops) deviate by up to 6°C to lower temperatures which we attribute to increased input of terrestrial GDGT during MIS 6 as indicated by an high BIT index and (ii) migration of the TEX86 producers to deeper levels within the water column following changes in vertical particle flux efficiency.
    Keywords: Alkenone; BIT index; foraminifera abundance; M125; M125_445-7; M125-55-7; Meteor (1986); PC; Piston corer; SAMBA; South Atlantic Ocean; TEX86
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature were measured along a chain of thermistors. Digital Thermistor Chain DTC16 is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition on 7 November 2019. The thermistor chain was 4.16 m long and included sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature during the heating cycle of 20 s and after the heating cycle during the following 40 s as a function of geographic position (GPS), depth, and time between 7 November 2019 and 27 April 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours. It also contains manually estimated position of air-snow, snow-ice, and ice-water interfaces. The DTC was installed in deformed second-year ice next to the HSVA stress panels close to RV Polarstern.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; CTC16; Digital thermistor chain; DTC; DTC16; Ice mass balance; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-119; PS122/2; PS122/2_14-101; PS122/4; PS122/4_47-151; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 34
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Müller, Peter J; Suess, Erwin (1979): Productivity, sedimentation rate, and sedimentary organic matter in the oceans. I.- Organic matter preservation. Deep-Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 26(12), 1347-1362, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(79)90003-7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Comparison of rates of accumulation of organic carbon in surface marine sediments from the central North Pacific, the continental margins off northwest Africa, northwest and southwest America, the Argentine Basin, and the western Baltic Sea with primary production rates suggests that the fraction of primary produced organic carbon preserved in the sediments is universally related to the bulk sedimentation rate. Accordingly, less than 0.01% of the primary production becomes fossilized in slowly accumulating pelagic sediments [(2 to 6 mm (1000 y)**-1] of the Central Pacific, 0.1 to 2% in moderately rapidly accumulating [2 to 13 cm (1000 y)**-1] hemipelagic sediments off northwest Africa, northwest America (Oregon) and southeast America (Argentina), and 11 to 18% in rapidly accumulating [66 to 140 cm (1000 y)**-1] hemipelagic sediments off southwest America (Peru) and in the Baltic Sea. The emiprical expression: %Org-C = (0.0030*R*S**0.30)/(ps(1-Theta)) implies that the sedimentary organic carbon content (% Org-C) doubles with each 10-fold increase in sedimentation rate (S), assuming that other factors remain constant; i.e., primary production (R), porosity and sediment density (ps). This expression also predicts the sedimentary organic carbon content from the primary production rate, sedimentation rate, dry density of solids, and their porosity; it may be used to estimate paleoproductivity as well. Applying this relationship to a sediment core from the continental rise off northwest Africa (Spanish Sahara) suggests that productivity there during interglacial oxygen isotope stages 1 and 5 was about the same as today but was higher by a factor of 2 to 3 during glacial stages 2, 3, and 6.
    Keywords: 12897; 13939; 13947; Accumulation rate, total organic carbon; Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; BC; BCR; Box corer; Box corer (Reineck); Calculated; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated from mass/volume; Carbon, organic, total; Density, dry bulk; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; East Atlantic; Elevation of event; Event label; GIK10127-2; GIK10132-1; GIK10140-1; GIK10141-1; GIK10145-1; GIK10147-1; GIK10175-1; GIK12310-3; GIK12327-4; GIK12328-4; GIK12329-4; GIK12336-1; GIK12337-4; GIK12344-3; GIK12345-4; GIK12347-1; GIK12392-1; GIK13209-2; KAL; KAL15; Kasten corer; Kasten corer 15 cm; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M12392-1; M25; Meteor (1964); Pacific; PC; Percentage; Peru Continental Margin; Piston corer; Porosity, fractional; Primary production of carbon per area, yearly; Sedimentation rate; V15; V15-141; V15-142; VA-05/4; VA-08/1; VA-10/3; Valdivia (1961); Vema; W7610B-08; W7706; W7706-36; W7706-39; Wecoma
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 234 data points
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  • 35
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Leinen, Margaret W; Stakes, Debra S (1979): Metal accumulation rates in the central equatorial Pacific during Cenozoic time. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 90(4), 357-375, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1979)90%3C357:MARITC%3E2.0.CO;2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Accumulation rates of Mg, Al, Si, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, opal, and calcium carbonate have been calculated from their concentrations in samples from equatorial Deep Sea Drilling Project sites. Maps of element accumulation rates and of Q-mode factors derived from raw data indicate that the flux of trace metals to equatorial Pacific sediments has varied markedly through time and space in response to changes in the relative and absolute influence of several depositional influences: biogenic, detrital, authigenic, and hydrothermal sedimentation. Biologically derived material dominates the sediment of the equatorial Pacific. The distributions of Cu and Zn are most influenced by surface-water biological activity, but Ni, Al, Fe, and Mn are also incorporated into biological material. All of these elements have equatorial accumulation maxima similar to those of opal and calcium carbonate at times during the past 50 m.y. Detritus distributed by trade winds and equatorial surface circulation contributes Al, non-biogenic Si, Fe, and Mg to the region. Detrital sediment is most important in areas with a small supply of biogenic debris and low bulk-accumulation rates. Al accumulation generally increases toward the north and east, indicating its continental source and distribution by the northeast trade winds. Maxima in biological productivity during middle Eocene and latest Miocene to early Pliocene time and concomitant well-developed surface circulation contributed toward temporal maxima in the accumulation rates of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Al in sediments of those ages. Authigenic material is also important only where bulk-sediment accumulation rates are low. Ni, Cu, Zn, and sometimes Mn are associated with this sediment. Fe is almost entirely of hydrothermal origin. Mn is primarily hydrothermal, but some is probably scavenged from sea water by amorphous iron hydroxide floes along with other elements concentrated in hydrothermal sediments, Ni, Cu, and Zn. During the past 50 m.y. all of these elements accumulated over the East Pacific Rise at rates nearly an order of magnitude higher than those at non-rise-crest sites. In addition, factor analysis indicates that some of this material is carried substantial distances to the west of the rise crest. Accumulation rates of Fe in basal metalliferous sediments indicate that the hydrothermal activity that supplied amorphous Fe oxides to the East Pacific Rise areas was most intense during middle Eocene and late Miocene to early Pliocene time.
    Keywords: 16-159; 16-160; 16-161; 16-162; 16-163; 5-42; 8-69; 8-70; 8-71; 8-72; 8-73; 8-74; 8-75; 9-77; 9-78; 9-79; 9-80; 9-81; 9-82; 9-83; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg16; Leg5; Leg8; Leg9; North Pacific; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/HILL; North Pacific/PLAIN; North Pacific/VALLEY; South Pacific; South Pacific/BASIN; South Pacific/CONT RISE; South Pacific/VALLEY
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 41 datasets
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  • 36
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Keigwin, Lloyd D (1979): Late Cenozoic stable isotope stratigraphy and paleoceanography of DSDP sites from the east equatorial and central north Pacific Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 45(2), 361-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(79)90137-7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Stable isotopic analyses of Middle Miocene to Quaternary foraminiferal calcite from east equatorial and central north Pacific DSDP cores have provided much new informatlon on the paleoceanography of the Pacific Neogene The history of delta18O change in planktonic foraminifera reflects the changing Isotopic composition and temperature of seawater at the time of test formation. Changes in the isotopic composition of benthonic foraminifera largely reflect changes m the volume of continental ice. Isotopic data from these cores indicates the following sequence of events related to continental glaciation (1) A permanent Antarctic ice sheet developed late in the Middle Miocene (about 13 to 11.5 m.y. ago) (2) The Late Miocene (about 11.5 to 5 m.y. ago) is marked by significant variation in delta18O of about 0.5‰ throughout, indicating instability of Antarctic ice cap size or bottom-water temperatures (3) The early Pliocene (5 to about 3 m.y. ago) was a time of relative stability in ice volume and bottom-water temperature (4) Growth of permanent Northern Hemisphere ice sheets is referred to have begun about 3 m.y. ago (5) The late Pliocene (3 to about 1.8 m.y. ago) is marked by one major glaciation or bottom-water cooling dated between about 2.1 to 2.3 m.y. (6) There is some evidence that the frequency of glacial-interglacial cycles increased at about 0.9 m.y. There is significant variation in delta13C at these sites but no geochemical interpretation is offered in this paper. The most outstanding feature of delta13C results is a permanent shift of about -0.8‰ found at about 6.5 m.y. in east equatorial and central north Pacific benthonic foraminifera. This benthonic carbon shift may form a useful marker in deep-sea cores recovering Late Miocene carbonates.
    Keywords: 16-157; 16-158; 32-310; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg16; Leg32; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/RIDGE; South Pacific/RIDGE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 37
    facet.materialart.
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: MacDougall, J Douglas (1977): Uranium in marine basalts: Concentration, distribution and implications. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 35(1), 65-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(77)90029-2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The uranium content of glass from chilled margins of oceanic tholeiitic basalt flows is generally 〈0.1 ppm, even for old samples with highly altered crystalline interiors. Such low values represent the original whole rock concentrations, although subsequent to eruption low-temperature weathering has added uranium, and other elements, to the crystalline portions of these basalts. Consideration of the K/U ratios of altered samples suggests that basalt weathering may provide the major oceanic sink for these two elements.
    Keywords: 16-163; 18-177A; 2-10; 22-211; 22-213; 22-215; 23-220; 24-231; 24-236; 24-238; 25-240; 34-319; 34-320; 5-32; 5-36; 5-37; 5-39; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Indian Ocean//BASIN; Indian Ocean//FRACTURE ZONE; Indian Ocean/Arabian Sea/HILL; Indian Ocean/Gulf of Aden/BASIN; Leg16; Leg18; Leg2; Leg22; Leg23; Leg24; Leg25; Leg34; Leg5; North Atlantic/CONT RISE; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/HILL; North Pacific/PLAIN; North Pacific/RIDGE; South Pacific/BASIN
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Analysis of manganese in sediments of the equatorial Pacific.
    Keywords: BC; Box corer; Dredge, bucket; DRG_BU; FFGR; Free-fall grab; Mn-74-01-001-FFG-001; Mn-74-01-001-FFG-002; Mn-74-01-001-FFG-003; Mn-74-01-002-FFG-004; Mn-74-01-002-FFG-006; Mn-74-01-003-FFG-007; Mn-74-01-003-FFG-009; Mn-74-01-005-B2; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-016; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-017; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-018; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-019; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-020; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-021; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-022; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-023; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-025; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-026; Mn-74-01-007-FFG-028; Mn-74-01-007-FFG-029; Mn-74-01-008-FFG-032; Mn-74-01-009-FFG-036; Mn-74-01-010-FFG-037; Mn-74-01-010-FFG-038; Mn-74-01-010-FFG-039; Mn-74-01-010-FFG-042; Mn-74-01 IODE; Mn-74-02-13A-FFG-004; Mn-74-02-13B-D-001; Mn-74-02-13B-FFG-005; Mn-74-02-13B-FFG-007; Mn-74-02-13B-FFG-008; Mn-74-02-13C-D-002; Mn-74-02-13C-D-004; Mn-74-02-13C-FFG-009; Mn-74-02-13C-FFG-011; Mn-74-02-13C-FFG-012; Mn-74-02-15-FFG-021; Mn-74-02-15-FFG-025; Mn-74-02-16-FFG-030; Mn-74-02-16-FFG-037; Mn-74-02 IDOE DOMES; Moana Wave; MW7401; MW7401-01G01; MW7401-01G02; MW7401-01G03; MW7401-02G04; MW7401-02G06; MW7401-03G07; MW7401-03G09; MW7401-05B02; MW7401-06G16; MW7401-06G17; MW7401-06G18; MW7401-06G19; MW7401-06G20; MW7401-06G21; MW7401-06G22; MW7401-06G23; MW7401-06G25; MW7401-06G26; MW7401-07G28; MW7401-07G29; MW7401-08G32; MW7401-09G36; MW7401-10G37; MW7401-10G38; MW7401-10G39; MW7401-10G42; MW7402; MW7402-13D01; MW7402-13D02; MW7402-13D04; MW7402-13G04; MW7402-13G05; MW7402-13G07; MW7402-13G08; MW7402-13G09; MW7402-13G11; MW7402-13G12; MW7402-15G21; MW7402-15G25; MW7402-16G30; MW7402-16G37; MW7402D-SBT1; MW7402D-SBT2; MW7402D-SBT4; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Pacific Ocean; TRAWL; Trawl net
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 39
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    PANGAEA
    In:  GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: A gas inlet was installed at the bow of RV Poseidon. Atmospheric gas concentrations of CH4 and CO2 were measured continuously with a Picarro G2301-f analyzer.
    Keywords: CT; POS527; POS527-track; Poseidon; STEMM-CCS; Strategies for Environmental Monitoring of Marine Carbon Capture and Storage; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 20 datasets
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Porewater analyses from all M157 multicores and gravity cores are presented here. For each site, both shipboard and shore-based analyses are included. Shipboard analyses include photometric determination dissolved iron (Fe2+) and phosphate (PO43-) (Hach Lange DR 5000 photometer, 565 nm and 880 nm wavelengths), as well as ammonium (NH4+) via flow injection gas separator technique. Additional porewater aliquots were collected for analyses at MARUM between December 2019 and February 2020. Shore-based analyses completed in the Sediment Geochemistry Laboratory at MARUM include: ion chromatography (F-, Br-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, and PO43-), photometric determination of sulfide (wavelength 670 nm), DIC and NPOC (Analytik Jena Multi N/C Series), and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, S, Si, Sr, Ti, V). All data is over-specified for calculation purposes. Several constituents were below detection and therefore not reported here. These include: IC determined NO3-, and PO43- , ICP measurements of Cr, Cu, Mo, No, and V. Both depth in core (cm) and a corrected depth below seafloor (cm) are presented. Gravity core depths were adjusted to extend the porewater profiles from the paired multicore from the site. This offset was determined visually, based on eight constituent profiles. Most gravity cores were offset only by the length of the multicore, except for Site 14 with an additional 5cm, and Site 34 which an additional 10 cm was needed. Sites 10, 48 and 44 are only multicores, while Site 47 is only a gravity core. The data from site 48 was used to estimate an offset for the Site 47 gravity core due to their proximity.
    Keywords: Benguela Upwelling System; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; EVAR; M157; MARUM; porewater; The Benguela Upwelling System under climate change – Effects of VARiability in physical forcing on carbon and oxygen budgets
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 9 datasets
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) with its rainfall is the lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and possibly was the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past. Intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally forced thermal land-ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon margins, interactions between the subtropical westerly jet (STWJ) and the ISM constitute a tipping element in the Earth's climate system, because their non-linear interaction may be a first-order influence on rainfall. We reconstructed marine sea surface temperature (SST), supply of terrestrial material and vegetation changes from a very well-dated sediment core from the northern Arabian Sea to reconstruct the STWJ-ISM interaction. The Holocene record (from 11,000 years) shows a distinct, but gradual, southward displacement of the ISM in the Early to Mid-Holocene, increasingly punctuated by phases of intensified STWJ events that are coeval with interruptions of North Atlantic overturning circulation (Bond events). Effects of the non-linear interactions culminate between 4.6-3 ka BP, marking a climatic transition period during which the ISM shifted southwards and the influence of SWTJ became prominent. The lithogenic input shows an up to 4-fold increase after this time period signaling the strengthened influence of agricultural activities of the Indus civilization with enhanced erosion of soils amplifying the impact of Bond events and adding to the marine sedimentation rates adjacent to the continent.
    Keywords: Alkenones; Arabian Sea; CAHOL; CAME-II_CAHOL; Crossing Climatic Tipping Points - Central Asian Holocene Climate; Grain Size; KAL; Kasten corer; n-alkanes; PAKOMIN; SO90; SO90_63KA; Sonne
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Age models of M72/5 cores were constrained by 16 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating in core M72/5-24GC3 (Nowaczyk et al., 2012), and by identifications of the Campanian Ignimbrite tephra at 39.3 ± 0.11 ka ('Y5', e.g., De Vivo et al., 2001) and the Cape Riva tephra at 21.8 ± 0.4 ka ('Y2' e.g., Fabbro et al., 2013) in Black Sea sediments reported by Cullen et al. (2014) and Nowaczyk et al. (2012). The cores' age models were further refined by tuning sedimentologic parameters, e.g., ice rafted debris (IRD) counts and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) logs (mainly Ca/Ti and K/Ti ratios) presented by Nowaczyk et al. (2012), to the oxygen isotope (δ18O) record from Greenland ice cores (NGRIP) based on the GICC05 age model ( Svensson et al., 2008). For MSM33 cores, age models were also achieved by correlating their XRF elementary ratios (mainly Ca/Ti and K/Ti), as proxies for the 'Dansgaard-Oeschger' (D-O) warming events (Dansgaard et al., 1993), to the NGRIP δ18O record. Four intervals of K/Ti ratio peaks and low S-ratios identified in M72/5 and MSM33 cores (Liu et al., 2018) were correlated to the reddish layers related to meltwater events during the decay of the Fennoscandian ice sheet, with AMS 14C ages from about 17 to 15 ka, described from the western Black Sea (Bahr et al. 2006; Soulet et al., 2013).
    Keywords: Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemünde; Black Sea; GeoForschungszentrum Potsdam; GFZ; IOW; Laschamps; Mono Lake; Norwegian-Greenland Sea; Paleosecular variation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 16 datasets
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Few studies have focused on past hydroclimatic changes in the tropical coastal regions of eastern South America compared to the core South American Monsoon System (SAMS) domain. We suggest that unlike the core monsoon region, the densely populated coastal zone of eastern Brazil (which is the focus of this study) may not adhere to the typical mechanism of precession has a dominant driver of precipitation changes. This study presents sediment color reflectance, benthic foraminifera stable isotope, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and lipid biomarker data generated from piston core M125-73-3. Core M125‐73‐3 is 1,249 cm long and was retrieved from off the coast of eastern Brazil (14°10.608′S, 38°21.178′W) from a water depth of 2106.9 m in April 2016 during RV METEOR cruise M125. Our multiproxy reconstruction has a temporal span of ~850 kyr and represents the longest continuous record of South American climate variability to date.
    Keywords: Biomarkers; Brazil; M125; M125_455-3; M125-73-3; Meteor (1986); PC; Piston corer; SAMBA; South American Monsoon System; South Atlantic Ocean; XRF
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The data set has been obtained on gravity core M125-67-4 from off the Jequitinhonha River, East Brazil. The obtained proxies described the hydrological conditions in the river's hinterland over the past ~ 5000 years as measure of fluctuations in the South American Summer Monsoon intensity. XRF-derived K/Al ratios and mineral phases determined by XRD reflect weathering state in the hinterland; high K/Al ratio and low kaolinite contents indicate dry conditions (and vice versa for low K/Al and high kaolinite conditions). Hydrogen isotopes are interpreted to primarily reflect precipitation amount, with low values indicating more precipitation.
    Keywords: dD; GC; Gravity corer; M125; M125_451-4; M125-67-4; Meteor (1986); SAMBA; South Atlantic Ocean; XRD; XRF
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) was operated during MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) leg 4 in July 2020. The balloon was started from an ice floe close to RV Polarstern between 29 June 2020 and 27 July 2020. BELUGA consists of a 90m3 helium-filled balloon with modular instrumentation: An ultrasonic anemometer package, a broadband radiation package with upward and downward-looking pyranometers and pyrgeometers, and an aerosol package. Lonardi et al. (in preparation) give an overview of the BELUGA operation during MOSAiC leg 4. The data processing routines are described in Pilz et al. (in preparation). The present data set covers the turbulence measurements of the ultrasonic anemometer recorded on eight days between 10 and 26 July 2020.
    Keywords: ABL; AC3; Arctic; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; BELUGA; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_46-183; PS122/4_47-165; PS122/4_47-167; PS122/4_47-168; PS122/4_47-169; PS122/4_47-98; PS122/4_47-99; PS122/4_48-129; PS122/4_48-135; PS122/4_48-139; PS122/4_48-140; PS122/4_48-217; Tethered balloon; Tethered balloon system BELUGA; turbulence
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Radiocarbon dates and marine tephra suggest that the upper 10 m of core MD99-2274 off North Iceland extends from ~0 to ~65 ka BP. A multi-proxy sediment and biomarker study at a ~0.5 ky resolution is used to derive a paleoclimate scenario for this area of the southwestern Nordic Seas, which during the Holocene had intermittent excursions of icebergs and a seasonal cover of drifting sea ice across the site. The sortable silt mean size (S̅S̅) suggests a bottom current (1000 m depth) flow speed maximum to minimum range of ~8 cm/s during Marine Isotope Stages 2 to 3, but the data are unreliable for the Holocene. Slow-down in flow speeds may be associated with massive ice and water discharges linked to the Hudson Strait ice stream (H-events) and to melt of icebergs from Greenland in the Nordic seas where convection would have been suppressed. Five pulses of sediment with a distinct felsic component are associated with iceberg transport from E/NE Greenland. Sea ice, open water and sea surface temperature (SST) biomarker proxies (i.e. IP25, brassicasterol and alkenones) all point towards near-perennial sea ice cover during MIS 3 and 2, rather than seasonal sea ice or open water conditions. Indeed, our biomarker and sediment data require that the seas north of Iceland have a thick, nearly continuous cover of sea-ice through which icebergs, calved from ice stream termini, drift slowly southward. The cross-correlation of the quartz % records between MD99-2274 and the well-dated core PS2644 in Blosseville Basin indicates significant coherence in the records at a multi-millennial (~8 ky) timescale. A transition to open ocean conditions is evident from the early Holocene onwards, albeit with the occurrence of some drift ice and icebergs.
    Keywords: 1553Is/Fr; Alkenones; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; flow speeds; Iceland margin; IMAGES V; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD114; MD99-2274; Mineral compositions; North Iceland Shelf; sea ice biomarker
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Measurements of solar radiation over and under drifting sea ice have been performed during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) between November 2019 and September 2020. All radiation measurements have been performed with RAMSES spectral radiometers (TriOS, Rastede, Germany). All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors were mounted on a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), one irradiance sensor (cos-collector) for energy budget calculations and one radiance sensor (7° opening angle) to obtain high resolution spatial variability. One additional radiometer was installed on the sea ice for surface reference measurements (solar irradiance). All radiation data sets contain the full spectral resolution values interpolated to 1.0 nm, the integrated fluxes over the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700nm) range and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). This is a raw data set, including all recorded spectra without any selection. Along with the radiation measurements, ROV positions were obtained from acoustic LBL (Long Base Line)-positioning and all parameters of vehicle depth, distance to the ice and attitude recorded. All times are given in UTC.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-65; Radiation fluxes; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; ROV remotely operated vehicle; Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 498 datasets
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The investigated sediment records were retrieved from site PS97/085 in the central Drake Passage, including high-resolution grain size, clay mineral assemblages, geochemical and magnetic properties. Our records reveal terrigenous sediment supply in the Drake Passage is mainly derived from the southeast Pacific, southern South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. We suggest that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) has served as the key driver for sediment dispersal in the Drake Passage. Furthermore, our high-resolution marine records provide evidence for the evolution of ice sheets, sea level changes and climate related ACC dynamic have exerted critical influences on the terrigenous sediment supply and deposition in the Drake Passage region over the last glacial-interglacial cycle.
    Keywords: AWI_Envi; AWI_Paleo; Drake Passage; Late Quaternary; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems @ AWI; Provenance; Terrigenous sediment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This set provides 68 CTD profiles of temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, turbidity, Surface Photosynthetically Active Radiation (SPAR) and sound velocity measured on board the Chinese R/V Hai Yang Di Zhi Shi Hao in September 2018, in the northern South China Sea, within the project Megacity's fingerprint in Chinese marginal seas: Investigation of pollutant fingerprints and dispersal. Additionally, oxygen saturation, salinity, potential temperature and potential density are also provided. The dataset was used to study the presence and spatial distribution of natural and synthetic estrogenic compounds and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the Pearl River Estuary and northern shelf of the South China Sea.
    Keywords: Megacity's fingerprint in Chinese marginal seas: Investigation of pollutant fingerprints and dispersal; MEGAPOL; physical oceanography; South China Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 68 datasets
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The Snow and Ice Mass Balance Array (SIMBA) is a thermistor string type IMB (Jackson et al., 2013) which measures the environment temperature SIMBA-ET and temperature change around the thermistors after a weak heating applied to each sensor (SIMBA-HT). Totally, there were 22 SIMBAs deployed in the Arcitic Ocean over the Distributed Network (DN) and the Central Observatory during the Legs 1a, 1 and 3 of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign. The SIMBA thermistor chain is 5.12 m long, and equipped with 256 thermistors (Maxim Integrated DS28EA00) at 0.02 m spacing. Based on a manual identification method, the SIMBA-ET and SIMBA-HT were processed to yield snow depth and ice thickness. Here, we combined the two optimal methods (the ET vertical gradient and HT rise ratio) to reduce the uncertainty. To keep the consistency, we use the snow or ice surface, consequentially the snow depth, determined by the ET vertical gradient. The formations of snow ice and superposed ice are not considered in this data set. That is to say, the value of snow depth includes the layers of snow ice at two sites (2019T56 and 2019T72). The superposed ice was generally negligible. We used the HT rise ratio to determine the ice-water interface, consequentially the ice thickness. Overall, the measurement accuracy was 0.02 m for both the snow depth and ice thickness. After the snow cover melted over, the negative values for the snow depth indicate the onset of ice surface melt. The submitted data package include 19 data files (for each buoy) and 1 buoy information file.
    Keywords: 2019T56, FMI_05_06; 2019T58; 2019T62; 2019T62, PRIC_09_01; 2019T64; 2019T66; 2019T67; 2019T68; 2019T70; 2020T73, PRIC_10_01; 2020T74, PRIC_10_02; 2020T75, PRIC_10_03; 2020T76, PRIC_10_04; 2020T77, PRIC_10_05; 2020T79; 2020T79, PRIC_10_07; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_103; AF-MOSAiC-1_115; AF-MOSAiC-1_118; AF-MOSAiC-1_122; AF-MOSAiC-1_128; AF-MOSAiC-1_182; AF-MOSAiC-1_77; AF-MOSAiC-1_89; AF-MOSAiC-1_90; AF-MOSAiC-1_99; Akademik Fedorov; Akademik Tryoshnikov; Arctic Ocean; AT-MOSAiC-1; AT-MOSAiC-1_2; AT-MOSAiC-1_5; ice thickness; mass balance; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; North Greenland Sea; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-124; PS122/1_1-125; PS122/1_1-171, 2019T68, FMI_06_01; PS122/1_1-172, 2019T69; PS122/1_1-173, 2019T70, FMI_06_03; PS122/1_1-175, 2019T72, FMI_06_05; PS122/1_1-177, 2019T58, FMI_05_09; PS122/1_1-224, 2019T63, PRIC_09_02; PS122/1_1-225, 2019T64, PRIC_09_03; PS122/1_1-226, 2019T65, PRIC_09_04; PS122/1_1-272; PS122/1_1-285; 2019T47; FMI04-06; PS122/1_1-314, 2019T67; PS122/3; PS122/3_28-107; PS122/3_28-91; PS122/3_28-92; PS122/3_28-93; PS122/3_28-94; PS122/3_28-95; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-155; PS122/4_43-156; PS122/4_43-163; PS122/4_43-170; PS122/4_43-174; SAMS Ice Mass Balance buoy; Sea ice; SIMBA; snow depth
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 20 datasets
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This dataset provides 131 CTD profiles measured on board of the German R/V Sonne (cruise SO269) in the northern South China Sea, under the project SOCLIS – South China Sea Natural Laboratory under Climatic and Anthropogenic Stress, in August and September 2019. The 131 profiles of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, turbidity, surface irradiance (SPAR) and Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and sound velocity were measured using a CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus, together with oxygen sensor (SBE 43), PAR sensor (Biospherical, QCP-2350 + QSR-2200), and a fluorometer (WET Labs ECO-FLNTU(RT)D). Additionally, oxygen saturation, potential temperature and sigma-theta (with reference to the surface) were calculated. The 131 CTD profiles are distributed by 81 stations and aim to study the impact of a growing anthropogenic pressure around the Pearl River Estuary into the northern shelf of the South China Sea towards the deep sea. The dataset was used to study the presence and spatial distribution of natural and synthetic estrogenic compounds and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the Pearl River Estuary and northern shelf of the South China Sea.
    Keywords: physical oceanography; SOCLIS; South China Sea; South China Sea Natural Laboratory under Climatic and Anthropogenic Stress
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 131 datasets
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. SIMBA 2019T62 (a.k.a. PRIC_09_01,IRIDIUM number 300234068706290) is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 1st leg of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) in October 2019. The buoy was deployed at the second year coring site of the MOSAiC central observatory with initial thicknesses of snow and ice of 0.18 and 0.80 m, respectively, on 29 October 2019. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 241 sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The depths for the sensors are 96 to -382 cm, referring to the initial interface between snow and ice. The last sensor was used to measure the air temperature at 1 m above the initial snow surface. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after two heating cycles of 30 and 120 s as a function of place, depth and time between 29 October 2019 and 28 July 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours for temperature and 24 hours for temperature differences. In addition to temperature, geographic position, barometric pressure, tilt and compass were measured until 1 August 2020.
    Keywords: 2019T62; 2019T62, PRIC_09_01; Arctic Ocean; Coring site; Heating rise; INTAROS; Integrated Arctic observation system; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-125; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-156; SAMS Ice Mass Balance buoy; Sea ice mass balance; SIMBA; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. SIMBA 2019T68 (a.k.a. FMI_06_01, IRIDIUM number 300234068708330) is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 1st leg of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) in October 2019. The buoy was deployed at the M1site with initial thicknesses of snow and ice of 0.17 and 1.81 m, respectively, on 5 October 2019. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 241 sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The depths for the sensors are 81 to -397 cm, referring to the initial interface between snow and ice. The last sensor was used to measure the air temperature at 1 m above the initial snow surface. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after two heating cycles of 30 and 120 s as a function of depth and time between 5 October 2019 and 5 June 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours for temperature and 24 hours for temperature differences. In addition to temperature, geographic position, barometric pressure, tilt and compass were measured.
    Keywords: 2019T68; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_103; Akademik Fedorov; Arctic Ocean; distributed network; Heating rise; INTAROS; Integrated Arctic observation system; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; MOSAiC-ICE; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1_1-171, 2019T68, FMI_06_01; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-163; SAMS Ice Mass Balance buoy; Sea ice mass balance; SIMBA; snow; Temperate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. SIMBA 2019T70 (a.k.a. FMI_06_03, IRIDIUM number 300234068705280) is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 1st leg of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) in October 2019. The buoy was deployed at the L3 site with initial thicknesses of snow and ice of 0.06 and 0.48 m, respectively, on 10 October 2019. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 241 sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The depths for the sensors are 70 to -408 cm, referring to the initial interface between snow and ice. The last sensor was used to measure the air temperature at 1 m above the initial snow surface. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after two heating cycles of 30 and 120 s as a function of depth and time between 10 October 2019 and 5 August 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours for temperature and 24 hours for temperature differences. In addition to temperature, geographic position, barometric pressure, tilt and compass were measured.
    Keywords: 2019T70; AF-MOSAiC-1; AF-MOSAiC-1_99; Akademik Fedorov; Arctic Ocean; distributed deformation; Heating rising; INTAROS; Integrated Arctic observation system; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC20192020, AF122/1; MOSAiC-ICE; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1_1-173, 2019T70, FMI_06_03; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-174; SAMS Ice Mass Balance buoy; Sea ice mass balance; SIMBA; snow; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) was operated during leg 4 of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The balloon was operated from the Balloon Town site in the central observatory, close to RV Polarstern (Shupe et al., 2022). Balloon payload included an extended meteorological package, an ultrasonic anemometer package, a broadband radiation package, the video ice particle sampler, and the cubic aerosol measurement platform. An overview showing the value of the combined observation is displayed by Lonardi et al. (2022). The data processing is described in Pilz et al. (2023). The present dataset covers the processed terrestrial irradiances measured by the broadband radiation package on 18 flights between 29 June and 27 July 2020. Terrestrial irradiances were corrected for the time response of the pyrgeometer (6 s) and averaged over 3 s. Flagging of ice and liquid water is provided, based on the analysis of 0.1 Hz pictures of the upper pyrgeometer. Solar irradiances are also available (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.944232).
    Keywords: ABL; AC3; Arctic; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; BELUGA; Broadband radiation; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-141; PS122/4_45-156; PS122/4_46-183; PS122/4_47-165; PS122/4_47-166; PS122/4_47-167; PS122/4_47-168; PS122/4_47-171; PS122/4_47-99; PS122/4_48-131; PS122/4_48-133; PS122/4_48-135; PS122/4_48-139; PS122/4_48-216; PS122/4_48-217; PS122/4_48-218; PS122/4_49-98; Radiation fluxes; Tethered balloon; Tethered balloon system BELUGA; vertical profile
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 18 datasets
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: In the framework of the Multidisciplinary Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, the tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) was deployed from a research camp on an ice floe drifting in the Fram Strait in Summer 2020. The BELUGA system consists of a 90 m³ helium-filled balloon with modular instrumentation. Lonardi et al. (2022) gives an overview of the BELUGA observations during MOSAiC leg 4. Pilz et al. (2023) describe the BELUGA operations and data processing routines. The present data set covers the aerosol particle measurements with the Cubic Aerosol Measurement Platform (CAMP) (details in Pilz et al., 2022) on 18 flights with mean altitudes of 1 km between 29 June and 27 July 2020.
    Keywords: ABL; AC3; aerosol particles; Arctic; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; BELUGA; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-141; PS122/4_45-156; PS122/4_46-182; PS122/4_47-100; PS122/4_47-166; PS122/4_47-169; PS122/4_47-170; PS122/4_47-98; PS122/4_48-127; PS122/4_48-128; PS122/4_48-130; PS122/4_48-132; PS122/4_48-134; PS122/4_48-137; PS122/4_48-138; PS122/4_48-216; PS122/4_48-218; PS122/4_49-98; Tethered balloon; Tethered balloon system BELUGA; vertical profiles
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 18 datasets
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Title: Results of physical properties, elemental analysis and stable isotope investigations of cores (kasten core and multicore) from the central Baltic Sea (Gotland Basin). Coring and sample processing: A 10.30 m long kasten core (KaL#20048-1) and a 10.40 m long gravity core (SL#20048-4) were recovered (57°23.14'N, 020°15.51'E; water depth 241 m) by r/v Poseidon and a multicore (MUC#20007-1) at the same position by r/v Alexander von Humboldt in 1994 (expedition 94.44.13.2). The kasten core was opened and logged on board, and 10 cc samples for determinations of physical properties, elemental and isotope analyses were taken with graduated plastic cylinders (syringes with sawn-off tops) punched into the cleaned core face. The syringes were sealed by end caps, taped and frozen until shorebased analyses. The entire kasten core was archived in plastic boxes. The gravity core (SL #20048-4) was cut into 1-m sections, capped and stored. The multicore #20007-1 was sliced into 1-cm slices which were frozen immediately after core retrieval. Age model: The age model of kasten core #20048-1 and multicore 20007-1 is based on 12 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C age determinations performed at the Leibniz Labor für Altersbestimmung und Isotopenforschung at Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel/Germany. Twelve samples were from the kasten core and 2 from the multicore. Two 14C ages from the lowermost core section of the kasten core were not used for the age model, because they yielded ages that were too old. Instead, the age model in the lowermost core sequence relies on three lithological markers: Termination of Yoldia stage, final drainage of the Baltic Ice Lake, and first drainage of the Baltic Ice Lake. Two samples for 14C dating of the multicore were chosen from intervals that are older than 1950 CE based on 210Pb ages. Comparison of weight % total organic carbon (TOC) and delta 13C-values of kasten core and multicore showed that the top 10.5 cm of the kasten core were lost during recovery, because the surface sediment in the Gotland Basin is soupy. Sample depths in the kasten core have thus been adjusted for this loss (adjusted depth denoted as xxx cm adj.). All 14C ages were converted to calendar ages using the marine data set of the INTCAL98 radiocarbon calibration curve (Stuiver et al., 1998) and the Oxcal 3.5 software. Gravity core #20048-4 was correlated to kasten core 20048-1 from the same location by physical properties and visual inspection and the age model for the kasten core was applied to the gravity core after correction for over-penetration. Physical properties, elemental and isotope analysis: Syringe samples and MUC slices were weighed, freeze dried, and weighed again in the shorebased laboratory to determine water content and dry-bulk density. Subsamples were then homogenised by mortar and pestle for further analyses. Approximately 20 mg of the homogenized sample was weighed into tared silver-foil sample vessels for elemental composition (total carbon, total nitrogen, organic carbon) and isotope analyses (delta15N, delta13C of organic carbon). Total carbon, total nitrogen and delta15N (in permil versus Air N2) were determined simultaneously in a Carlo Erba/Fisons 1108 Elemental Analyzer connected to an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (Finnigan Delta S) after combustion. A second sample split was treated with 2N HCl to remove inorganic carbon. On this sub-sample, the concentrations of TOC and isotope ratio delta13C of organic carbon (given in permil versus V-PDB) were determined simultaneously in a Carlo Erba/Fisons 1108 Elemental Analyzer connected to an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (Finnigan Delta S). The reference gas was pure CO2 from a cylinder calibrated against carbonate (NBS- 18, 19, 20). The standard deviation for replicate analyses of delta13C was less than 0.2 permil.
    Keywords: Age model; Baltic Sea; Delta 13C of POC; Delta 15N of sediment; elemental analysis; GOBEX; Gotland Basin; Gotland Basin Experiment; Physical properties
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Snow depth measurements were obtained using a MagnaProbe (Snow-Hydro, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA) during walking surveys on most ice stations during PS124. The walks were randomly done on the entire floe. The MagnaProbe measurements were accompanied by measurements of the total sea-ice thickness with a ground-based multifrequency electromagnetic induction instrument (GEM-2) along the same transect.
    Keywords: Antarctic; AWI_SeaIce; DFG-SPP1158; GPF 19-2_039, COSMUS; ICE; Ice station; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS124; PS124_20210210_1; PS124_20210211_2; PS124_20210214_3; PS124_20210215_4; PS124_20210216_5; PS124_20210218_6; PS124_20210222_7; PS124_20210223_8; PS124_20210224_9; PS124_20210225_10; PS124_20210226_11; PS124_20210227_12; PS124_20210306_14; PS124_20210310_15; PS124_20210311_16; Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI; snow; SPP1158
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 15 datasets
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  • 59
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Snow depth measurements were obtained using a MagnaProbe (Snow-Hydro, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA) during walking surveys on most ice stations during PS111. The walks were randomly done on the entire floe.
    Keywords: Antarctic; ANT-XXXIII/2; AWI_SeaIce; ICE; Ice station; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS111; PS111_SIP_10; PS111_SIP_14; PS111_SIP_17; PS111_SIP_3; PS111_SIP_8; Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI; snow; SPP1158; SPP 1158
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Data presented here were collected during the cruise SO290 with RV SONNE from Nuoméa (New Caledonia) to Nuoméa (New Caledonia) (April 15, 2022 - Mai, 12, 2022). In total, 19 underwater light profiles were collected at 7 stations, using a free-falling hyperspectral light profiler. The system used was a SEABIRD HyperPro II (SN 099, former Satlantic), equipped with a irradiance sensor to measure downward irradiance in water (Ed, SN 262) and a radiance sensor for the upward radiance in water (Lu, SN 227). A reference unit was attached to the ship to measure the downward irradiance in air (Es, SN 223). The sensors were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer and validated prior to the cruise with a reference lamp. Data were recorded with the SatView software (V 2.9.5_7) and processed from raw to Level1, 1b, 2, 2s to Level 3a using the ProSoft Processing software (V 7.7.19_2). Measured data were binned in 0.5 m depth intervals. A dark correction was made automatically based on shutter measurements by the instrument. Measurements with a tilt higher than 5 were not taken into account during processing. Spectra were interpolated to 1 nm intervals. For each station the hyperspectral profiles for each parameter cover the wavelength range from 400-700 nm, for Ed and Es in [W/m nm], for Lu in [W/m nm sr]. For Ed, Lu and Es descriptive statistics are given including min, max, mean, median and standard deviation of the tilt and the photosynthetically active radiation PAR [µmol photons/m² s (sr)], integrated from 400 - 700 nm. To allow an assignment of above water conditions to the respective depth measurements, Es spectra were given as a function of depth, recalculated from data Level2s. The Profiler measurements were only conducted during daylight. Raw data are available on request from the principal investigator.
    Keywords: Ed; Es; hyperspectral; irradiance; Light/Optics; LIOP; Lu; PaläoTaNZ; radiance; SO290; SO290_12-4; SO290_14-4; SO290_1-6; SO290_16-4; SO290_19-5; SO290_3-5; SO290_8-5; Sonne_2; Tasman Sea; underwater light field
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This data set reports two highly resolved δ¹¹B-derived CO₂ records during the late Pleistocene (0-400 ky) from ODP Sites 999 (Caribbean) and 871 (West Pacific) based on the δ¹¹B of the planktonic foraminifera species Globigerinoides ruber measured by MC-ICPMS (multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer). The δ¹¹B-derived CO₂ is tested against the ice core CO₂ record as well as compared with different CO₂ calculation approaches and proxies of local foraminifera dissolution to evaluate drivers of CO₂ offset between the two records. We report (1) δ¹¹B, Mg/Ca and input data for boron-derived CO₂ calculation, (2) Mg/Ca-derived sea surface temperature calculated with various approaches, (3) the effect of Mg/Ca treatment on boron-derived CO₂, (4) δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C of benthic foraminifera and G. ruber, and (5) fragmentation index and sand fraction.
    Keywords: Boron isotope; CO2; Foraminifera; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Pleistocene
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island at Kingston | Supplement to: Keigwin, Lloyd D (1978): Pliocene closing of the Isthmus of Panama, based on biostratigraphic evidence from nearby Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea cores. Geology, 6(10), 630-634, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1978)6%3C630:PCOTIO%3E2.0.CO;2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Pliocene and Pleistocene planktonic foraminiferal biogeography and paleoceanography have been examined in Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) sites of the Panama Basin (Pacific Ocean) and Colombian and Venezuelan Basins (Atlantic Ocean) to determine the timing of the isolation of Atlantic and Pacific tropical planktonic faunas resulting from the development of the Central American isthmus. Previous studies have suggested a late Miocene to middle Pliocene occurrence of this event. The Panama Basin (DSDP site 157) and the Colombian Basin (DSDP site 154A) share two early Pliocene biogeographic events: (1) great abundance of sinistral coiling Neogloboquadrina pachyderma at 4.3 m.y. ago at site 157 and 0.7 m.y. later at site 154A, and (2) a sinistral-to-dextral change in the coiling-direction preference in Pulleniatina 3.5 m.y. ago at both locations. Identification of these events farther to the east in the Venezuelan Basin (DSDP site 148) is complicated by insufficient lower Pliocene core recovery, but abundant sinistral N. pachydcrma appear to have extended far to the east in the Caribbean 3.6 m.y. ago; perhaps the early Pliocene abundance of this form is not indicative of cool water. The coiling-direction history and stratigraphic ranges of Pulleniatina became different in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans during the early Pliocene; this is inferred to result from geographic isolation of the assemblages. Saito (1976) used the temporary disappearance of this genus from Atlantic waters at 3.5 m.y. ago to mark the closure of the Isthmus of Panama, but I show that in the Colombian Basin (site 154A) its disappearance was closer to 3.1 m.y. ago. This suggests the possibility of surface-water communication between the Atlantic and Pacific until that time.
    Keywords: 15-154A; 16-157; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg15; Leg16; South Pacific/RIDGE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: During the PS118 research cruise with the German research vessel RV POLARSTERN (Feb 2019- April 2019), sediments were collected with a multicorer from 7 stations along a 400 mile transect from the eastern shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula to the West of the South Orkney Islands. A total of 69 high-resolution O2 profiles were measured in 23 cores in the upper sediment layer using optical microsensors (Optodes, Pyroscience) in order to determine oxygen penetration depths and diffusive oxygen uptake (DOU). Pore-water samples were taken at depth resolutions of 1 cm from 0-10 cm and below 10 cm with a resolution of 2 cm down to a maximum depth of 30 cm. Sediments of parallel cores were cut at the same depth resolution for solid-phase contents. Pore-water analyses of trace element such as dissolved iron (DFe) and manganese (DMn), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nutrients such as ammonium (NH4+), phosphate (PO4³), nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-) and silicate (SiO3²−) were measured. For solid-phase analyses, freeze-dried and ground sediment samples were measured for TOC and TN. At 5 stations, Al, Fe, Mn, P and S content was measured after total acid digestion. At the same 5 stations, excess 210Pb was measured in freeze-dried and homogenized sediments.
    Keywords: Antarctic; carbon content; iron; manganese; MUC; MultiCorer; Multicorer with television; oxygen uptake; Phosphorus; Polarstern; PS118; PS118_12-3; PS118_12-5; PS118_13-5; PS118_24-2; PS118_24-3; PS118_48-2; PS118_5-3; PS118_5-4; PS118_62-2; PS118_8-5; PS118_8-6; PS118_8-7; Scotia Sea; sedimentation rate; shelf sediments; TVMUC; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) was operated during leg 4 of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The balloon was operated from the Balloon Town site in the central observatory, close to RV Polarstern (Shupe et al., 2022). Balloon payload included an extended meteorological package, an ultrasonic anemometer package, a broadband radiation package, the video ice particle sampler, and the cubic aerosol measurement platform. An overview showing the value of the combined observation is displayed by Lonardi et al. (2022). The data processing is described in Pilz et al. (2023). The present dataset covers the presence of cloud microphysical particles measured by the video ice particle sampler on 5 flights between 29 June and 27 July 2020. Since no cloud ice crystal was identified during the flights, the retrievals of the instrument were used to flag the presence of liquid cloud water.
    Keywords: ABL; AC3; Arctic; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; BELUGA; cloud water; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_47-165; PS122/4_47-167; PS122/4_47-168; PS122/4_47-99; PS122/4_48-140; Tethered balloon; Tethered balloon system BELUGA; vertical profile
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Solar radiation over and under sea ice was measured by radiation station 2018R1, an autonomous platform, installed on drifting First-Year-Ice (FYI) in the Weddell Sea during PS111_ANT. The resulting time series describes radiation measurements as a function of place and time between 26 February 2018 and 16 November 2018 in sample intervals of 1 hour. The radiation measurements have been performed with spectral radiometers. All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors, solar irradiance and upward reflected solar irradiance, were mounted on a on a platform about 1 m above the sea ice surface. The third sensor was mounted 0.5 m underneath the sea ice measuring the downward transmitted irradiance. All times are given in UTC.
    Keywords: 2018R1; ANT-XXXIII/2; AWI_SeaIce; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; meereisportal.de; Polarstern; PS111; PS111_2018R1; RAD_S; Radiation Station; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Understanding permafrost processes and changes requires long-term observational datasets of ground and climate variables. Despite the fact that the Arctic climate changes more rapidly than the rest of the globe, observational data density in the region is low and most time series are short. Long term observations are available from the Bayelva Site at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, where meteorology, energy balance components and subsurface observations have been made since 1998 and are still continued today. The climate observations include snow depth, snow dielectric number, snow temperature, liquid precipitation, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, and radiation fluxes. The below-ground observations cover active layer and permafrost temperature, soil volumetric water content and soil bulk electrical conductivity. Since the data provide observations of temporally variable parameters that mitigate energy fluxes between permafrost and atmosphere, such as snow depth and soil moisture content, they are suitable for use in integrating, calibrating and testing permafrost as a component in Earth System Models. The resulting quality-controlled dataset is unique in the Arctic and serves as a baseline for future studies.
    Keywords: active layer; air temperature; Arctic; AWI_Perma; Bayelva; Bayelva_Station; dielectricity; dielectric number; Electrical conductivity; Monitoring station; MONS; Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen; Permafrost; Permafrost Research; precipitation; radiation; relative humidity; relative permittivity; snow depth; snow height; Soil; Soil Moisture; soil temperature; Svalbard; Temperature; water content; wind direction; wind speed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 12 datasets
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: pH values were obtained using a SBE18 pH sensor (Seabird) mounted on the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. The values were derived from the sensor voltages using the same calibration during the entire expedition.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; pH; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 93 datasets
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Attention points as logged by the operators in the recording software Spot.On for remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 89 datasets
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Fluorometric data on chlorophyll a concentration, Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter (FDOM) concentration, and optical backscatter were measured by a triplet fluorometer (ECO-Puck BBFL2SSC, Wetlabs) attached to a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. Data use manufacturer calibration.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 93 datasets
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: In the framework of the Multidisciplinary Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, the tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) was deployed from a research camp on an ice floe drifting in the Fram Strait in Summer 2020. The BELUGA system consists of a 90 m³ helium-filled balloon with modular instrumentation. The present data set covers the meteorological measurements with an extended radiosonde package on 31 flights with mean altitudes of 1 km between 29 June and 27 July 2020. Lonardi et al. 2022 give an overview of the BELUGA observations during MOSAiC leg 4. A data descriptor by Pilz et al. (in preparation) describe the sensor package and the BELUGA operations in detail.
    Keywords: ABL; AC3; Arctic; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; BELUGA; meteorological measurement; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ATMOS; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-141; PS122/4_45-156; PS122/4_46-182; PS122/4_47-100; PS122/4_47-165; PS122/4_47-167; PS122/4_47-168; PS122/4_47-169; PS122/4_47-170; PS122/4_47-171; PS122/4_47-98; PS122/4_47-99; PS122/4_48-126; PS122/4_48-127; PS122/4_48-128; PS122/4_48-129; PS122/4_48-130; PS122/4_48-131; PS122/4_48-132; PS122/4_48-133; PS122/4_48-134; PS122/4_48-135; PS122/4_48-137; PS122/4_48-138; PS122/4_48-139; PS122/4_48-140; PS122/4_48-141; PS122/4_48-216; PS122/4_48-217; PS122/4_48-218; PS122/4_49-98; Tethered balloon; Tethered balloon system BELUGA
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 31 datasets
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: We present a baseline study of “living” (rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera from fjords of South Georgia, including fjords with and without tidewater glaciers. Their distribution is analyzed in the light of new fjord water and sediment property data, including grain size and sorting, total organic carbon, total sulfur, and δ13C of bulk organic matter. Four well-defined foraminiferal assemblages are recognized. Miliammina earlandi dominates in the most restricted, near-shore and glacier-proximal habitats, Cassidulinoides aff. parkerianus in mid-fjord areas, and Globocassidulina aff. rossensis and an assemblage dominated by Ammobaculites rostratus, Reophax subfusiformis, and Astrononion echolsi in the outer parts of fjords. Miliammina earlandi can tolerate strong glacial influence, including high sedimentation rates in fjord heads and sediment anoxia, as inferred from sediment color and total organic carbon/sulfur ratios. This versatile species thrives both in the food-poor inner reaches of fjords that receive mainly refractory petrogenic organic matter from glacial meltwater, and in shallow-water coves where it benefits from an abundant supply of fresh, terrestrial and marine organic matter. A smooth-walled variant of C. aff. parkerianus, apparently endemic to South Georgia, is the calcareous rotaliid best adapted to inner fjord conditions characterized by moderate glacial influence and sedimentation rates and showing no preference for particular sedimentary redox conditions. The outer parts of fjords with clear, well-oxygenated bottom water, are inhabited by G. aff. rossensis. Ammobaculites rostratus, R. subfusiformis, and A. echolsi dominate in the deepest-water settings with water salinities ≥ 33.9 PSU and temperatures 0.2–1.4 °C, characteristic for Winter Water and Upper Circumpolar Deep Water.
    Keywords: fjords; Foraminifera; sediment; South Georgia; Sub-Antarctic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Videos as recorded by a HD-zoom camera (Bowtech Surveyor WAHD) with a 10:1 optical zoom attached to a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 142 datasets
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The horizontal position of the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020 was measured using an acoustic Long Base Line (LBL) positioning system (LinkQuest Pinpoint). The position was recorded in the SPOT.ON survey systems software (OceanModulesTM). The track was smoothed from initial acoustic fixes and cleaned for most obvious outliers. The position is in a floe-fixed, relative coordinate system (X, Y) with the origin (X=0 m, Y=0 m) at the ROV hole. A quality flag for the position is introduced based on the time to the closest fix with “1” indicating good positon (fix reached 〈= 3s), “2” medium position (fix reached 〉 3s & 〈= 5s), and “3” bad position (fix reached 〉 5s). Depending on the scientific aim, a position with quality flag “3” can still be useful. Vehicle depth was measured by the integrated pressure sensor and calibrated to 0 during pre-survey procedures, when the top side of the vehicle was at the same level as the water surface. Vehicle attitude (roll, pitch, heading) was measured with an onboard inertial measuring unit (IMU, Microstrain) with three axis accelerometer, magnetometer and gyroscope. Depth was measured by a pressure sensor (Keller A-21Y, Keller AG) included in the main electronics housing of the ROV.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 90 datasets
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Upward-looking still images as acquired by a photo camera (Tiger Shark, Imenco) with internal flash and 4 x zoom attached to a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 88 datasets
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature were measured along a chain of thermistors. Digital Thermistor Chain DTC10 is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition on 28 January 2020. The thermistor chain was 4.16 m long and included sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature during the heating cycle of 20 s and after the heating cycle during the following 40 s as a function of geographic position (GPS), depth, and time between 28 January 2020 and 1 July 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours. It also contains manually estimated position of air-snow, snow-ice, and ice-water interfaces. The DTCs was installed in level first-year ice next to the Fort Ridge. Ice mass balance SIMBA 2020T60 was installed at the Fort Ridge: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.924269. Radiation station 2020R10 was installed in level first-year ice next to the Fort Ridge: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.949124.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; Digital thermistor chain; DTC; DTC10; Ice mass balance; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/3; PS122/3_28-18; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-173; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature were measured along a chain of thermistors. Digital Thermistor Chain DTC12 is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition on 05 November 2019. The thermistor chain was 4.16 m long and included sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature during the heating cycle of 20 s and after the heating cycle during the following 40 s as a function of geographic position (GPS), depth, and time between 05 November 2019 and 14 May 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours. It also contains manually estimated positions of air-snow, snow-ice, and ice-water interfaces. The DTC was installed in the undeformed second-year ice ridge next to RV Polarstern and remote sensing site RS1.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; Digital thermistor chain; DTC; DTC12; Ice mass balance; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-123; PS122/4; PS122/4_47-149; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This collection contains a total of four datasets, one for alkenone-derived and GDGT-derived temperatures in the South Pacific, another with OH-GDGTs in the very southern part of the study area, and a fourth for the development of a new GDGT-based calibration of the Southern Ocean.
    Keywords: Alkenones; AWI_Paleo; chilean margin; GDGTs; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; RI-OH'; South Pacific; TEXH86; TEXL86; UK37'
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: To comprehensively document the δ13C content of the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW), we used high-resolution thermocline-dwelling foraminiferal δ13C data obtained from three distinct marine sediment cores situated in the NW, SW, and SE regions of the South Atlantic. Our dataset enables a comprehensive examination of millennial-scale variations in SACW δ13C content across the entire basin. Notably, the thermocline δ13C records from the SE and NW sectors of the South Atlantic consistently exhibit concurrent negative excursions during most of the Heinrich Stadials (HS), a pattern that contrasts sharply with the absence of such negative excursions in the thermocline δ13C record from the SW sector of the South Atlantic
    Keywords: AWI_INSPIRES; Globorotalia inflata; Globorotalia truncatulinoides; iAtlantic; Integrated Assessment of Atlantic Marine Ecosystems in Space and Time; International Science Program for Integrative Research in Earth Systems; Mg/Ca-based sea surface temperature; SACW; South Atlantic; Thermodynamic isotopic air-sea equilibration
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature were measured along a chain of thermistors. Digital Thermistor Chain DTC09 is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition on 28 January 2020. The thermistor chain was 4.16 m long and included sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature during the heating cycle of 20 s and after the heating cycle during the following 40 s as a function of geographic position (GPS), depth, and time between 27 February 2020 and 1 July 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours. It also contains manually estimated position of air-snow, snow-ice, and ice-water interfaces. The DTCs was installed in level first-year ice next to the Fort Ridge. Ice mass balance SIMBA 2020T60 was installed at the Fort Ridge: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.924269. Radiation station 2020R10 was installed in level first-year ice next to the Fort Ridge: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.949124.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; Digital thermistor chain; DTC; DTC09; Ice mass balance; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/2; PS122/2_14-331; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-172; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The helicopter borne probe HELiPOD was deployed during the MOSAiC expedition on Leg 3 and 4 from the research vessel Polarstern to investigate the ocean-ice-atmosphere exchange. During five flights, a variety of parameters were measured and calculated, concerning atmospheric dynamics (pressure, temperature, humidity, wind vector), aerosol particles (number concentrations in different size classes, absorption coefficients for three different wavelengths), trace gas concentrations (carbon dioxide, methane, ozone), radiation (solar and terrestrial, upward and downward), surface properties (temperature, images) as well as flight state parameters (position, altitude, attitude). All data were re-sampled at 100 Hz to the same time grid, if not indicated differently. The probe enabled the spatial extension of MOSAiC observations in a range of 25 – 60 km distance to Polarstern. After dedicated postprocessing of the complex data set, two out of the five flights, which were performed on 22 July 2020, and with a flight duration of around 1 h per flight, are initially uploaded to the PANGAEA data base. A technical overview of the HELiPOD is given in Pätzold et al. (2023).
    Keywords: absorption; aerosol particle number concentration; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; atmospheric boundary layer; helicopter borne probe; Helicopter towed system; HELiPOD; HELIPOD; meteorological parameters; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/4; PS122/4_48-104; PS122/4_48-105; surface properties; trace gas concentrations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Müller, Peter J (1975): Diagenese stickstoffhaltiger organischer Subtanzen in oxischen and anoxischen marinen Sedimenten. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Reihe C Geologie und Geophysik, Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, Stuttgart, C22, 1-60
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: A. Continental slope sediments off Spanish-Sahara and Senegal contain up to 4% organic carbon and up to 0.4% total nitrogen. The highest concentrations were found in sediments from water depths between 1000 and 2000 m. The regional and vertical distribution of organic matter differs significantly. Off Spanish-Sahara the organic matter content of sediment deposited during glacial times (Wuerm, Late Riss) is high whereas sediments deposited during interglacial times (Recent, Eem) are low in organic matter. Opposite distribution was found in sediments off Senegal. The sediments contain 30 to 130 ppm of fixed nitrogen. In most sediments this corresponds to 2-8 % of the total nitrogen. Only in sediments deposited during interglacial times off Spanish-Sahara up to 20 % of the total nitrogen is contained as inorganically bound nitrogen. Positive correlations of the fixed nitrogen concentrations to the amounts of clay, alumina, and potassium suggest that it is primarily fixed to illites. The amino acid nitrogen and hexosamine nitrogen account for 17 to 26 % and 1.3 to 2.4 %, respectively of the total nitrogen content of the sediments. The concentrations vary between 200 and 850 ppm amino acid nitrogen and 20 to 70 ppm hexosamine nitrogen, both parallel the fluctiations of organic matter in the sediment. Fulvic acids, humic acids, and the total organic matter of the sediments may be clearly differentiated from one another and their amino acid and hexosamine contents and their amino acid composition: a) Fulvic acids contain only half as much amino acids as humic acids b) The molar amino acid/hexosamine ratios of the fulvic acids are half those of the humic acids and the total organic matter of the sediment c) The amino acid spectra of fulvic acids are characterized by an enrichment of aspartic acid, alanine, and methionine sulfoxide and a depletion of glycine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, and arginine compared to the spectra of the humic acids and those of the total organic matter fraction of the sediment. d) The amino acid spectra of the humic acids and those of the total organic matter fraction of the sediments are about the same with the exception that arginine is clearly enriched in the total organic matter. In general, as indicated by the amino compounds humic acids resemble closer the total organic matter composition than the low molecular fulvic acids do. This supports the general idea that during the course of diagenesis in reducing sediments organic matter stabilizes from a fulvic-like structure to humic-like structure and finally to kerogen. The decomposition rates of single aminio acids differ significantly from one another. Generally amino acids which are preferentially contained in humic acids and the total organic matter fraction show a smaller loss with time than those preferably well documented in case of the basic amino acids lysine and arginine which- although thermally unstable- are the most stable amino acids in the sediments. A favoured incorporation of these compounds into high molecular substances as well as into clay minerals may explain their relatively high “stability” in the sediment. The nitrogen loss from the sediments due to the activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria amounts to 20-40 % of the total organic nitrogen now present. At least 40 % of the organic nitrogen which is liberated by sulphate-reducing bacteria can be explained ny decomposition of amino acids alone. B. Deep-sea sediments from the Central Pacific The deep-seas sediments contain 1 to 2 orders of magnitude less organic matter than the continental slope sediments off NW Africa, i.e. 0.04 to 0.3 % organic carbon. The fixed nitrogen content of the deep-sea sediments ranges from 60 to 270 ppm or from 20 to 45 % of the total nitrogen content. While ammonia is the prevailing inorganic nitrogen compound in anoxic pore waters, nitrate predominates in the oxic environment of the deep-sea sediments. Near the sediment/water interface interstital nitrate concentrations of around 30 µg-at. N/l were recorded. These generally increase with sediment depth by 10 to 15 µg-at. NO3- N/l. This suggests the presence of free oxygen and the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the interstitial waters. The ammonia content of the interstitial water of the oxic deep-sea sediments ranges from 2 to 60 µg-at. N/l and thus is several orders of magnitude less than in anoxic sediments. In contrast to recorded nitrate gradients towards the sediments/water interface, there are no ammonia concentration gradients. However, ammonia concentrations appear to be characteristic for certain regional areas. It is suggested that this regional differentiation is caused by ion exchange reactions involving potassium and ammonium ions rather than by different decomposition rates of organic matter. C. C/N ratios All estimated C/N ratios of surface sediments vary between 3 and 9 in the deep-sea and the continental margin, respectively. Whereas the C/N ratios generally increase with depth in the sediment cores off NW Africa they decrease in the deep-sea cores. The lowest values of around 1.3 were found in the deeper sections of the deep-sea cores, the highest of around 10 in the sediments off NW Africa. The wide range of the C/N ratios as well as their opposite behaviour with increasing sediment depth in both the deep-sea and continental margin sediment cores, can be attributed mainly to the combination of the following three factors: 1. Inorganic and organic substances bound within the latticed of clay minerals tend to decrease the C/N ratios. 2. Organic matter not protected by absorption on the clay minerals tends to increase C/N ratios 3. Diagenetic alteration of organic matter by micro-organisms tends to increase C/N ratios through preferential loss of nitrogen The diagenetic changes of the microbially decomposable organic matter results in both oxic and anoxic environments in a preferential loss of nitrogen and hence in higher C/N ratios of the organic fraction. This holds true for most of the continental margin sediments off NW Africa which contain relatively high amounts of organic matter so that factors 2 and 3 predominate there. The relative low C/N ratios of the sediments deposited during interglacial times off Spanish-Sahara, which are low in organic carbon, show the increasing influence of factor 1 – the nitrogen-rich organic substances bound to clay minerals. In the deep-sea sediments from the Central Pacific this factor completely predominates so that the C/N rations of the sediments approach that of the substance absorbed to clay minerals with decreasing organic matter content. In the deeper core sections the unprotected organic matter has been completely destroyed so that the C/N ratios of the total sediments eventually fall into the same range as those of the pure clay mineral fraction.
    Keywords: Atlantic Ocean; BC; BCR; Box corer; Box corer (Reineck); East Atlantic; GIK/IfG; GIK10127-2; GIK10127-3; GIK10128-1; GIK10129-1; GIK10130-1; GIK10132-1; GIK10136-1; GIK10140-1; GIK10141-1; GIK10142-1; GIK10144-1; GIK10145-1; GIK10147-1; GIK10148-1; GIK10149-1; GIK10175-1; GIK10176-1; GIK10178-1; GIK12310-3; GIK12310-4; GIK12327-4; GIK12327-5; GIK12328-4; GIK12328-5; GIK12329-4; GIK12329-5; GIK12331-1; GIK12331-2; GIK12344-3; GIK12344-6; GIK12347-1; GIK12347-2; GIK12379-1; Institute for Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel; KAL; KAL15; Kasten corer; Kasten corer 15 cm; M25; Meteor (1964); Pacific; VA-05/4; VA-08/1; Valdivia (1961)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 38 datasets
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  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Christensen, John P; Packard, Ted T (1977): Sediment metabolism from the northwest African upwelling system. Deep-Sea Research, 24(4), 331-343, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6291(77)94000-0
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Sediments off northwest Africa were assayed for activities of the respiratory electron transport system (ETS) and for primary amino nitrogen. ETS activities were used to compute respiratory oxygen consuption, carbon oxidation, and nitrate reduction rates. Activities were correlated with depth of the water column, and their longshore distribution resembled that of euphotic zone phytoplankton productivity. Protein concentrations were closely correlated with ETS activities. Carbon biomass was calculated from protein and compared with other computed values. The carbon oxidation rate accounted for 13 % of the region's primary production.
    Keywords: ADEPD; Atlantic Data Base for Exchange Processes at the Deep Sea Floor; BC; Box corer; Cape Blanc; CapeBlanc_176; CapeBlanc_DCSN; CapeBlanc_E; CapeBlanc_F; CapeBlanc_H; CapeBlanc_L; CapeBlanc_M; CapeBlanc_N; CapeBlanc_O; CapeBlanc_P; van Veen Grab; VGRAB
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 11 datasets
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  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hunt, John M (1975): Origin of gasoline range alkanes in the deep sea. Nature, 254(5499), 411-413, https://doi.org/10.1038/254411a0
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: It is believed that C4 to C7 hydrocarbons in petroleum are formed by the cracking of organic matter at depths generally exceeding 1,000 m at temperatures in excess of 50 °C (Cordel, 1972; Dow, 1974; Tissot et al., 1974)). Also, none of the alkanes in the butane-heptane range are formed biologically as far as is known at present. Consequently, it is thought that they do not occur in shallow, Recent sediments. In 1962, I analysed 22 samples of Recent sediments from 7 different environments and verified that these hydrocarbons were not present at the p.p.m. level (Dunton and Hunt, 1962) although traces of a few hydrocarbons such as butane, isobutane, isopentane and n-heptane have been found (Sokolov, 1957; Veber and Turkeltaub, 1958; Erdman et al., 1958; Emery and Hoggan, 1958). No identification of individual hexanes or heptanes has been reported except when there has been clear evidence of seepage from deeper source sediments (McIver, 1973).
    Keywords: 1-3; 22-217; 22-218; 24-233A; 26-250A; 26-254; 29-280A; 29-282; 31-299; 5-34; Antarctic Ocean/CONT RISE; Antarctic Ocean/Tasman Sea; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Gulf of Mexico/PLAIN; Indian Ocean//BASIN; Indian Ocean//FAN; Indian Ocean//RIDGE; Indian Ocean/Gulf of Aden/TRENCH; Leg1; Leg22; Leg24; Leg26; Leg29; Leg31; Leg5; North Pacific/Japan Sea; North Pacific/PLAIN
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Solar radiation over and under sea ice was measured by radiation station 2020R12, an autonomous platform, installed on drifting Second-Year-Ice (SYI) in the Arctic Ocean during MOSAiC (Leg 3) 2019/20. The resulting time series describes radiation measurements as a function of place and time between 24 April 2020 and 07 August 2020 in sample intervals of 3 hours. The radiation measurements have been performed with spectral radiometers. All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors, solar irradiance and upward reflected solar irradiance, were mounted on a on a platform about 1 m above the sea ice surface. The third sensor was mounted 0.5 m underneath the sea ice measuring the downward transmitted irradiance. Along with the radiation measurements, this autonomous platform consisted of a lightchain, which measured counts of red, green and blue light at 49 positions at hourly intervals. In addition, the evolution of snow height is measured at hourly intervals. All times are given in UTC.
    Keywords: 2020R12; Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; AWI_SeaIce; buoy; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; drift; lightchain; meereisportal.de; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/3; PS122/3_28-108; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-173; RAD_S; Radiation Station; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI; snow depth; solar radiation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Solar radiation over and under sea ice was measured by radiation station 2020R11, an autonomous platform, installed on drifting Second-Year-Ice (SYI) in the Arctic Ocean during MOSAiC (Leg 2) 2019/20. The resulting time series describes radiation measurements as a function of place and time between 26 March 2020 and 01 August 2020 in sample intervals of 3 hours. The radiation measurements have been performed with spectral radiometers. All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors, solar irradiance and upward reflected solar irradiance, were mounted on a on a platform about 1 m above the sea ice surface. The third sensor was mounted 0.5 m underneath the sea ice measuring the downward transmitted irradiance. Along with the radiation measurements, this autonomous platform consisted of a lightchain, which measured counts of red, green and blue light at 49 positions at hourly intervals. In addition, the evolution of snow height is measured at hourly intervals. All times are given in UTC.
    Keywords: 2020R11; Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; AWI_SeaIce; buoy; Current sea ice maps for Arctic and Antarctic; drift; lightchain; meereisportal.de; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/3; PS122/3_28-55; PS122/4; PS122/4_43-158; RAD_S; Radiation Station; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI; snow depth; solar radiation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Between 2019 and 2022 three sediment cores HH14-897-MF-GC (2014), He519_2-3 (2018), and He560_26-2 (2020) were analyzed using biogeochemical markers to assess organic carbon dynamics and its bio-availability in the Hornsund Fjord (Svalbard) sediments. Depositional history was assessed by 210Pb+137Cs data (obtained by γ-spectrometer) building the basis for associated sedimentary age models (Bruel & Sabatier, 2020), with bulk total organic carbon concentrations (using an element analyzer) and dual C-isotopes of δ13C (obtained by isotope ration mass spectrometer) and F14C (by accelerator mass spectrometry) (Werner & Brand, 2001, Brodie et al. 2011 and Mollenhauer et al., 2021). Additionally, lipid biomarker were extracted, separated, and quantified with wet chemical perpetrations of n-alkanes (Wei, 2020) (quantified with gas chromatography – flame ionization detector), fatty acids (quantified with gas chromatography – flame ionization detector) (Wei, 2020), and GDGTs (Hopmans, 2016) (quantified with gas chromatography – mass spectrometry). Included are datasets of associated biomarker indices of Carbon Preference Index (CPI) (Bray & Evans, 1961), Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraether (BIT) Index (Hopmann et al., 2004), and Terrestrial Aquatic Ratio (TAR) of fatty acids (Meyers, 1997). Further microbial utilization and bio-availability of petrogenic- and marine organic carbon was assed using Intact Polar Lipid (IPL) based compound specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) in combination with a DI14C age model of the local surface waters. IPLs were extracted form sediments with a modified Bligh and Dyer (1959) and subsequently separated with wet-chemical seperations (Slater, 2006). CSRA (Mollenhauer et al., 2021) of IPLs was performed on purified single compound fatty acid (FA) methyl esters of the IPL precursor lipids (Wei et al., 2021). The bio-availability of petrogenic organic carbon was based on CSRA data of IPL-FAs using an isotope mass balance with two endmembers of fossil petrogenic and modern marine primary production (DI14C age model of the local surface waters) (Ruben et al., 2022). For the DI14C age model of the local surface waters simulations were run using the Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model FESOM2 (Danilov et al., 2017) equipped with radiocarbon (Lohmann et al., 2020). Data validity was assessed by relative concentrations of IPLs in the radiocarbon analyzed PL-fraction (Wörmer et al., 2013). Detailed dataset interpretation can be found in Ruben et al. (2023).
    Keywords: Ancient carbon; arctic fjord; Carbon cycle; compound specific radiocarbon dating; Intact polar lipids
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 29 datasets
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This data set provides high-resolution geolocated point clouds of sea-ice or snow surface elevation for mapping temporal and spatial evolution of sea-ice conditions such as freeboard, roughness, or the size and spatial distributions of surface features. The surface elevation data are referenced to the DTU21 mean sea surface height and are not corrected for sea-ice drift during acquisition. The data were collected using a near-infrared, line-scanning Riegl VQ-580 airborne laser scanner (hdl:10013/sensor.7ebb63c3-dc3b-4f0f-9ca5-f1c6e5462a31 & hdl:10013/sensor.7a931b33-72ca-46d0-b623-156836ac9550) mounted in a helicopter along the MOSAiC drift from the north of the Laptev Sea, across the central Arctic Ocean, and towards the Fram Strait from September 2019 to October 2020. The flights are both small scale, ~5x5 km grid patterns mainly over the central observatory, and large scale, few tens of km away from RV Polarstern, triangle patterns, or transects. The point cloud data are stored in 5-min along-track segments in a custom binary format, for which we provide a python-based parsing tool in awi-als-toolbox (https://github.com/awi-als-toolbox/awi-als-toolbox), together with corresponding metadata json and line-shot quicklook png files. The point cloud data includes as variables: surface elevation (referenced to DTU mean sea surface height), surface reflectance, and echo width. The degraded GPS altitude data 〉85°N may cause undulations in the along-track surface elevations, which are not corrected for in this data product.
    Keywords: 20191002_01; 20191020_01; 20191029_01; 20191105_01; 20191112_01; 20191112_02; 20191119_01; 20191130_01; 20191206_01; 20191224_01; 20191225_01; 20191228_01; 20191230_01; 20200107_01; 20200107_02; 20200108_01; 20200108_03; 20200108_04; 20200116_01; 20200116_02; 20200121_01; 20200123_01; 20200123_02; 20200125_01; 20200128_01; 20200202_01; 20200204_01; 20200209_01; 20200212_01; 20200217_01; 20200217_02; 20200227_01; 20200321_01; 20200321_02; 20200423_01; Airborne laser scanning; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; HELI; Helicopter; IceSense; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAIC-HELI; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122_1_2_45_2019092801; PS122_4_44_27_2020061101; PS122_4_44_65_2020061502; PS122_4_44_78_2020061601; PS122_4_45_112_2020070401; PS122_4_45_36_2020063001; PS122_4_45_37_2020063002; PS122_4_46_36_2020070701; PS122_4_46_39_2020070703; PS122_4_46_97_2020071101; PS122_4_47_96_2020071701; PS122_4_48_69_2020072201; PS122_4_50_32_2020080601; PS122_4_50_45_2020080701; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-78; PS122/1_2-167; PS122/1_2-45; PS122/1_2-57; PS122/1_5-9; PS122/1_6-11; PS122/1_7-24; PS122/1_7-25; PS122/1_8-23; PS122/1_9-98; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-101; PS122/2_17-98; PS122/2_17-99; PS122/2_18-7; PS122/2_19-44; PS122/2_19-45; PS122/2_19-46; PS122/2_19-51; PS122/2_19-52; PS122/2_19-53; PS122/2_20-52; PS122/2_20-53; PS122/2_21-122; PS122/2_21-41; PS122/2_21-77; PS122/2_21-78; PS122/2_22-16; PS122/2_22-97; PS122/2_23-109; PS122/2_23-14; PS122/2_24-31; PS122/2_25-7; PS122/2_25-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-49; PS122/3_32-42; PS122/3_32-70; PS122/3_32-71; PS122/3_33-17; PS122/3_35-48; PS122/3_35-49; PS122/3_37-63; PS122/3_37-66; PS122/3_39-109; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-27; PS122/4_44-65; PS122/4_44-78; PS122/4_45-112; PS122/4_45-36; PS122/4_45-37; PS122/4_46-36; PS122/4_46-39; PS122/4_46-97; PS122/4_47-96; PS122/4_48-69; PS122/4_50-32; PS122/4_50-45; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-139; PS122/5_61-190; PS122/5_61-62; PS122/5_61-63; PS122/5_62-166; PS122/5_62-67; PS122/5_63-118; PS122/5_63-3; Remote Sensing of the Seasonal Evolution of Climate-relevant Sea Ice Properties; Sea ice; Surface Elevation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 64 datasets
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This data set is a higher-processing-level version of Gridded segments of sea-ice or snow surface elevation and freeboard from helicopter-borne laser scanner during the MOSAiC expedition, version 1 (Hutter et al., 2022; doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.950339), where the individual 30-second segments of the small scale grid flights have been combined into merged grids. The data were collected using a near-infrared, line-scanning Riegl VQ-580 airborne laser scanner (https://hdl.handle.net/10013/sensor.7ebb63c3-dc3b-4f0f-9ca5-f1c6e5462a31 & https://hdl.handle.net/10013/sensor.7a931b33-72ca-46d0-b623-156836ac9550) mounted in a helicopter along the MOSAiC drift from the north of the Laptev Sea, across the central Arctic Ocean, and towards the Fram Strait from September 2019 to October 2020. The merged data are stored in netCDF and geotiff format. The data are drift corrected using the position and heading data of RV Polarstern and elevation offset corrected using overlapping segments to overcome degraded GPS altitude data 〉85°N. For the flights with degraded GPS altitude quality, we provide only a freeboard estimate. The merged grids include all data variables of the gridded 30-s segments: surface elevation, freeboard (estimate), freeboard uncertainty, estimated sea surface height, surface reflectance, echo width, and number of points used in the interpolation. Also the calculated elevation offset correction term is provided for each flight as a csv file.
    Keywords: 20191002_01; 20191020_01; 20191112_02; 20191119_01; 20191130_01; 20191224_01; 20191225_01; 20191228_01; 20200107_01; 20200108_01; 20200108_03; 20200108_04; 20200116_01; 20200121_01; 20200123_02; 20200128_01; 20200204_01; 20200212_01; 20200217_02; 20200227_01; 20200321_01; 20200423_01; Airborne laser scanning; Arctic Ocean; Freeboard; HELI; Helicopter; IceSense; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAIC-HELI; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122_4_44_78_2020061601; PS122_4_45_112_2020070401; PS122_4_45_36_2020063001; PS122_4_46_36_2020070701; PS122_4_47_96_2020071701; PS122_4_48_69_2020072201; PS122/1; PS122/1_2-167; PS122/1_2-57; PS122/1_7-25; PS122/1_8-23; PS122/1_9-98; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-101; PS122/2_17-98; PS122/2_17-99; PS122/2_19-44; PS122/2_19-46; PS122/2_19-52; PS122/2_19-53; PS122/2_20-52; PS122/2_21-41; PS122/2_21-78; PS122/2_22-16; PS122/2_23-14; PS122/2_24-31; PS122/2_25-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-49; PS122/3_32-42; PS122/3_32-70; PS122/3_35-49; PS122/3_37-63; PS122/3_39-109; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-78; PS122/4_45-112; PS122/4_45-36; PS122/4_46-36; PS122/4_47-96; PS122/4_48-69; PS122/5; PS122/5_61-190; PS122/5_61-62; PS122/5_62-166; PS122/5_62-67; Remote Sensing of the Seasonal Evolution of Climate-relevant Sea Ice Properties; Sea ice; Surface Elevation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 35 datasets
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The distance between a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the sea-ice underside was measured by a single-beam upward-looking acoustic sonar altimeter (Tritech PA500) attached to the ROV during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. Sea-ice draft was derived by subtracting the distance to the sea-ice underside from the ROV depth, uncorrected for ROV attitude (pitch, roll). An offset between the depth reference (ROV bumper bars) and the altimeter of 0.105 m is accounted for in the presented data.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_8-125; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_45-61; PS122/4_46-172; PS122/4_46-174; PS122/4_46-175; PS122/4_46-176; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_47-31; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_48-4; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-165; PS122/5_60-166; PS122/5_60-167; PS122/5_60-28; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-156; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_61-35; PS122/5_62-103; PS122/5_62-165; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea-ice draft; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 90 datasets
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Nitrate and UV-absorbance spectra were measured by a SUNA V2 UV-spectrometer (Satlantic) mounted in the sensor skid of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition between November 2019 and September 2020. Data use manufacturer calibration.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; AWI_SeaIce; BEAST; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-113; PS122/1_5-62; PS122/1_6-118; PS122/1_6-16; PS122/1_6-31; PS122/1_7-18; PS122/1_7-55; PS122/1_9-22; PS122/2; PS122/2_18-10; PS122/2_18-19; PS122/2_18-89; PS122/2_19-115; PS122/2_19-27; PS122/2_20-101; PS122/2_20-23; PS122/2_21-125; PS122/2_21-36; PS122/2_22-107; PS122/2_22-45; PS122/2_23-116; PS122/2_23-29; PS122/2_24-70; PS122/2_24-97; PS122/2_25-104; PS122/2_25-44; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-14; PS122/3_29-65; PS122/3_30-69; PS122/3_31-17; PS122/3_31-75; PS122/3_32-11; PS122/3_32-33; PS122/3_32-34; PS122/3_32-78; PS122/3_33-27; PS122/3_33-83; PS122/3_34-20; PS122/3_35-32; PS122/3_35-95; PS122/3_36-112; PS122/3_36-125; PS122/3_36-24; PS122/3_37-108; PS122/3_37-19; PS122/3_37-20; PS122/3_38-50; PS122/3_38-85; PS122/3_38-91; PS122/3_39-111; PS122/3_39-152; PS122/3_39-20; PS122/3_39-77; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-162; PS122/4_44-191; PS122/4_44-206; PS122/4_45-129; PS122/4_45-149; PS122/4_46-177; PS122/4_46-37; PS122/4_47-135; PS122/4_48-213; PS122/4_49-105; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-269; PS122/5_59-369; PS122/5_60-5; PS122/5_61-200; PS122/5_62-65; Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Sea Ice Physics @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 71 datasets
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Time series data of physical oceanography (seawater conductivity, temperature, pressure, salinity) and ocean current velocities were obtained from mooring M3 on the upper part (750 m isobath) of the continental slope, just east of the Filchner Trough in the southern Weddell Sea in February 2017 - February 2021. The mooring was deployed during the WAPITI expedition on James Clark Ross (JR16004), and recovered during the COSMUS expedition with Polarstern (PS124). The attached archive contains data from 1 RCM7 (21 meters above bottom (mab herafter) and sampling interval (sint hereafter) 2h), 13 SBE56 (22,56,81,106,159,184,6508,260,285,310,335,360,385 mab, sint: 120 s), 4 SBE37 (31, 134, 209, 410 mab, sint: 600 s), 1 RDI ADCP 75 kHz (235 mab, upwardlooking, sint: 2h), 1 SBE39 (435 mab, sint: 900s). Mooring diagrams and information about data processing are provided.
    Keywords: ADCP; Antarctica; AWI_PhyOce; Continental Slope; Filchner Region; Filchner Trough; GPF 19-2_039, COSMUS; James Clark Ross; JR16004; JR16004_162; JR16004_162, PS124_14-1; M3_MOOR_WeddellSea; M3, M3_MOOR_WeddellSea; MOOR; Mooring; oceanographic moorings; oceanographic time series; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; PS124; PS124_14-1; Temperature and Salinity; WAPITI; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Temperature and heating-induced temperature were measured along a chain of thermistors. Digital Thermistor Chain DTC11 is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition on 20 November 2019. The thermistor chain was 4.16 m long and included sensors with a regular spacing of 2 cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature during the heating cycle of 20 s and after the heating cycle during the following 40 s as a function of geographic position (GPS), depth, and time between 20 November 2019 and 10 June 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours. It also contains manually estimated positions of air-snow, snow-ice, and ice-water interfaces. The DTC was installed in the first-year ice ridge next to RV Polarstern and remote sensing site RS1. Ice mass balance SIMBA 2020T79 was installed at Met City close to remote sensing site RS1: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.940712.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; autonomous platform; buoy; Digital thermistor chain; DTC; DTC11; Ice mass balance; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-112; PS122/4; PS122/4_48-81; Temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Time series data of physical oceanography (seawater conductivity, temperature, pressure, salinity) and ocean current velocities were obtained from mooring M6 on the upper part (500 m isobath) of the continental slope, just east of the Filchner Trough in the southern Weddell Sea in February 2017 - February 2021. The mooring was deployed during the WAPITI expedition on James Clark Ross (JR16004), and recovered during the COSMUS expedition with Polarstern (PS124). The attached archive contains data from 1 RCM7 (24 meters above bottom (mab herafter) and sampling interval (sint hereafter) 2h), 5 SBE56 (25, 59, 74, 126, 202 mab, sint: 120 s), 3 SBE37 (34, 99, 176 mab, sint: 600 s), 1 RDI ADCP 150 kHz (235 mab, upwardlooking, sint: 1h), 1 SBE39 (15 mab, sint: 900s). Mooring diagrams and information about data processing are provided
    Keywords: ADCP; Antarctica; AWI_PhyOce; Continental Slope; Filchner Region; Filchner Trough; GPF 19-2_039, COSMUS; James Clark Ross; JR16004; JR16004_160; JR16004_160, PS124_99-1; M6_MOOR_WeddellSea; M6, M6_MOOR_WeddellSea; MOOR; Mooring; oceanographic moorings; oceanographic time series; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; PS124; PS124_99-1; Temperature and Salinity; WAPITI; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This data collection of the ~17 m long piston core MR16-09 PC03 contains age pointers for an age model, major element data (Ti, Rb) from an XRF scan, biomarkers (n-alkanes, alkenones and brGDGTs), and d18O from foraminifera (G. bulloides and G. truncatulinoides). The piston core MR16-09 PC03 is located near the southern Chilean continental margin, at a distance of ~150 km. In addition, there are alkenone data (C37:4) from sites GeoB3327 and PS75/034 (Ho et al., 2012), which are located north and south of MR16-09 PC03, respectively, and further away from the Chilean margin.
    Keywords: Alkenone; Biomarkers; brGDGT; Chile; Helmholtz-Verbund Regionale Klimaänderungen = Helmholtz Climate Initiative (Regional Climate Change); MR16-09 PC03; n-alkane; Patagonia; Patagonian Ice Sheet; REKLIM; Sediment core; SST; UK'37; UK37
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 9 datasets
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: In July 2022 within the framework of an Alfred-Wegener-Institute-managed expedition and the Nunataryuk project, sediment cores were taken at three locations, off the coast of Herschel Island, Canada, using a hand corer: YC22_MR_6: 69°34'23.12N, 138°54'37.76W; 3 m water depth; July 6th 2022 YC22_MR_7: 69°34'23.53N, 138°56'37.66W, 6 m water depth; July 7th 2022 YC22_MR_8: 69°30'22.75''N, 138°53'21.69''W; 45 m water depth; July 24th 2022 Data sets were obtained to investigate carbon feedback from the sediments to the water column and atmosphere, using DIC concentrations and isotopic values. The local sediments are supplied primarily by organic carbon previously stored in adjacent permafrost soils (biomarker and bulk data), which erode and redeposit quickly (age model) on the ocean floor. The acquired data includes: 1) Sediment data: Bulk total organic carbon content (Lamping et al., 2021) and its isotopic values for 13C (Brodie et al., 2011; Werner & Brand, 2001) and 14C (Mollenhauer et al., 2021) and Biomarker data: Quantifying alkanes (CPI) , and fatty acids (TAR ratio) as described by Wei et al. (2020), Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs basis for BIT-Index) after Hopmans et al. (2016), Hopanes (fßß) following instructions by Meyer et al., (2019), and Sterols (Dinosterol) after Dauner et al. (2022). 2) Porewater was extracted from the cores using rhizomes and quantified as described in Oni et al., (2015). Dissolved inorganic carbon isotope signatures were determined as CO2 for 13C (Torres et al., 2005) and 14C (Mollenhauer et al., 2021). 3) Intact polar lipid fatty acids were extracted from the sediments, purified, and 14C analysis was performed as described in Ruben et al. (2023). The 13C isotopy was determined with GC-IRMS (Elvert et al., 2003). The respective precursor lipids of the polar fraction used for isotope analysis were quantified following the method described in Wörmer et al. (2013). Datasets are to be found at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.966262 and doi:/10.1594/PANGAEA.966264. 4) Sedimentary age model of core YC22_MR_7 assuming constant rate of supply (CRS) model (Appleby, 2001), based on data obtained with a HPGe gamma detector.
    Keywords: NUNATARYUK; NUNATARYUK, Permafrost thaw and the changing Arctic coast, science for socioeconomic adaptation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Keywords: Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); Cobalt; Copper; Date/Time of event; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Event label; Iron; KEN70-NP15; KEN72-NP9; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Manganese; Method/Device of event; Mn-74-02 IDOE DOMES; Moana Wave; MW7402; MW7402D-SBT4; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Pacific Ocean; Sample code/label; Sample ID; TRAWL; Trawl net; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 28 data points
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Keywords: BC; Box corer; Date/Time of event; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Event label; FFGR; Free-fall grab; KEN70-NP15; KEN70-NP22; KEN72-NP9; KEN72-SP9; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Mass; Method/Device of event; Mn-74-01-005-B2; Mn-74-01-006-FFG-016; Mn-74-01 IODE; Mn-74-02 IDOE DOMES; Moana Wave; MW7401; MW7401-05B02; MW7401-06G16; MW7402; MW7402D-SBT1; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Pacific Ocean; Position; Quantity of deposit; Sample code/label; Sample ID; Size; Substrate type; TRAWL; Trawl net; Uniform resource locator/link to image
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 96 data points
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Fall Cone; GC; GeoB23028-1; Gravity corer; M149; M149_37; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Shear strength, undrained; Wykeham-Farrance cone penetrometer WF 21600
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10 data points
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Fall Cone; GC; GeoB23030-1; Gravity corer; M149; M149_39; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Shear strength, undrained; Wykeham-Farrance cone penetrometer WF 21600
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 15 data points
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Fall Cone; GC; GeoB23031-1; Gravity corer; M149; M149_40; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Shear strength, undrained; Wykeham-Farrance cone penetrometer WF 21600
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 14 data points
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