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  • 1
    Call number: 9789400706682 (e-book)
    Description / Table of Contents: This is the first comprehensive science-based textbook on the biology and ecology of the Baltic Sea, one of the world’s largest brackish water bodies. The aim of this book is to provide students and other readers with knowledge about the conditions for life in brackish water, the functioning of the Baltic Sea ecosystem and its environmental problems and management. It highlights biological variation along the unique environmental gradients of the brackish Baltic Sea Area (the Baltic Sea, Belt Sea and Kattegat), especially those in salinity and climate. The first part of the book presents the challenges for life processes and ecosystem dynamics that result from the Baltic Sea’s highly variable recent geological history and geographical isolation. The second part explains interactions between organisms and their environment, including biogeochemical cycles, patterns of biodiversity, genetic diversity and evolution, biological invasions and physiological adaptations. In the third part, the subsystems of the Baltic Sea ecosystem - the pelagic zone, the sea ice, the deep soft sea beds, the phytobenthic zone, the sandy coasts, and estuaries and coastal lagoons - are treated in detail with respect to the structure and function of communities and habitats and consequences of natural and anthropogenic constraints, such as climate change, discharges of nutrients and hazardous substances. Finally, the fourth part of the book discusses monitoring and ecosystem-based management to deal with contemporary and emerging threats to the ecosystem’s health.
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxi, 683 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9789400706682 , 978-94-007-0668-2
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Part I The Baltic Sea environment 1 Brackish water as an environment / Hendrik Schubert, Dirk Schories, Bernd Schneider, and Uwe Selig 2 Why is the Baltic Sea so special to live in? / Pauline Snoeijs-Leijonmalm and Elinor Andrén Part II Ecological processes in the Baltic Sea 3 Biogeochemical cycles / Bernd Schneider, Olaf Dellwig, Karol Kuliński, Anders Omstedt, Falk Pollehne, Gregor Rehder, and Oleg Savchuk 4 Patterns of biodiversity / Pauline Snoeijs-Leijonmalm 5 Biological invasions / Sergej Olenin, Stephan Gollasch, Maiju Lehtiniemi, Mariusz Sapota, and Anastasija Zaiko 6 Genetic diversity and evolution / Risto Väinölä and Kerstin Johannesson 7 Physiological adaptations / Hendrik Schubert, Irena Telesh, Mikko Nikinmaa, and Sergei Skarlato Part III Subsystems of the Baltic Sea ecosystem 8 The pelagic food web / Agneta Andersson, Timo Tamminen, Sirpa Lehtinen, Klaus Jürgens, Matthias Labrenz, and Markku Viitasalo 9 Life associated with Baltic Sea ice / David N. Thomas, Hermanni Kaartokallio, Letizia Tedesco, Markus Majaneva, Jonna Piiparinen, Eeva Eronen-Rasimus, Janne-Markus Rintala, Harri Kuosa, Jaanika Blomster, Jouni Vainio, and Mats A. Granskog 10 Deep soft seabeds / Urszula Janas, Erik Bonsdorff, Jan Warzocha, and Teresa Radziejewska 11 The phytobenthic zone / Hans Kautsky, Georg Martin, and Pauline Snoeijs-Leijonmalm 12 Sandy coasts / Teresa Radziejewska, Jonne Kotta, and Lech Kotwicki 13 Estuaries and coastal lagoons / Hendrik Schubert and Irena Telesh Part IV Monitoring and ecosystem-based management of the Baltic Sea 14 Biological indicators / Michael L. Zettler, Alexander Darr, Matthias Labrenz, Sigrid Sagert, Uwe Selig, Ursula Siebert, and Nardine Stybel 15 Bio-optical water quality assessment / Susanne Kratzer, Piotr Kowalczuk, and Sławomir Sagan 16 Chemical pollution and ecotoxicology / Kari K. Lehtonen, Anders Bignert, Clare Bradshaw, Katja Broeg, and Doris Schiedek 17 Ecosystem health / Maria Laamanen, Samuli Korpinen, Ulla Li Zweifel, and Jesper H. Andersen 18 Ecosystem goods, services and management / Jan Marcin Węsławski, Eugeniusz Andrulewicz, Christoffer Boström, Jan Horbowy, Tomasz Linkowski, Johanna Mattila, Sergej Olenin, Joanna Piwowarczyk, and Krzysztof Skóra Subject index Taxonomy index
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0025-326X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-3363
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-12-12
    Description: Concentrations of Chlorophyll a and phaeopigments from CTD-rosette casts during the MOSAiC (PS122) drift expedition in the central Arctic Ocean. 2-4L of water were filtered onto precombusted GF/F filters (nominal pore size 0.7µm) and frozen at -80°C. Samples were subsequently extracted in 90°C acetone,homogenized using a cell mill, and meaured on the following day using a Turner flourometer, followed by an acidification step to determine pheopigments (see Knap et al. 1994 for details and calculations). Samples were collected roughly once per week from end of October 2019 to beginning of October 2020.
    Keywords: Acidification method according to Knap et al. (1996); Activity description; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Cast number; Chl-a; Chlorophyll a; Collector; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Device type; Event label; Feature; LATITUDE; Leg Number; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; phaeopigments; Phaeopigments; Phytoplankton; pigments; Pigments, Turner fluorometer; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-44; PS122/1_5-40; PS122/1_5-59; PS122/1_6-58; PS122/1_7-49; PS122/1_8-46; PS122/1_9-50; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-41; PS122/2_18-34; PS122/2_19-56; PS122/2_20-46; PS122/2_21-1; PS122/2_21-65; PS122/2_22-47; PS122/2_23-63; PS122/2_24-4; PS122/2_25-54; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-41; PS122/3_30-53; PS122/3_31-39; PS122/3_31-59; PS122/3_32-75; PS122/3_33-69; PS122/3_34-65; PS122/3_34-66; PS122/3_34-77; PS122/3_35-63; PS122/3_36-81; PS122/3_37-45; PS122/3_38-54; PS122/3_39-51; PS122/3_40-36; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-184; PS122/4_44-67; PS122/4_45-100; PS122/4_45-31; PS122/4_45-75; PS122/4_45-79; PS122/4_45-82; PS122/4_45-85; PS122/4_45-96; PS122/4_46-60; PS122/4_47-52; PS122/4_48-62; PS122/4_49-25; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-274; PS122/5_59-306; PS122/5_59-357; PS122/5_59-72; PS122/5_60-69; PS122/5_60-89; PS122/5_61-161; PS122/5_62-91; PS122/5_63-53; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2273 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-11-13
    Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; Echosounder, Simrad, EK60; EK60_EK80; Fish finder echolot, EK60 / EK80; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_1-35; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 77 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-11-13
    Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; DATE/TIME; Echosounder, Simrad, EK60; EK60_EK80; Fish finder echolot, EK60 / EK80; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/2; PS122/2_14-117; Uniform resource locator/link to raw data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40473 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-03-01
    Description: First-year sea-ice thickness, draft, salinity, temperature, and density were measured during near-weekly surveys at the main first-year ice coring site (MCS-FYI) during the MOSAiC expedition (legs 1 to 4). The ice cores were extracted either with a 9-cm (Mark II) or 7.25-cm (Mark III) internal diameter ice corers (Kovacs Enterprise, US). This data set includes data from 23 coring site visits and were performed from 28 October 2019 to 29 July 2020 at coring locations within 130 m to each other in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. During each coring event, ice temperature was measured in situ from a separate temperature core, using Testo 720 thermometers in drill holes with a length of half-core-diameter at 5-cm vertical resolution. Ice bulk practical salinity was measured from melted core sections at 5-cm resolution using a YSI 30 conductivity meter. Ice density was measured using the hydrostatic weighing method (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) from a density core in the freezer laboratory onboard Polarstern at the temperature of –15°C. Relative volumes of brine and gas were estimated from ice salinity, temperature and density using Cox and Weeks (1983) for cold ice and Leppäranta and Manninen (1988) for ice warmer than –2°C. The data contains the event label (1), time (2), and global coordinates (3,4) of each coring measurement and sample IDs (13, 15). Each salinity core has its manually measured ice thickness (5), ice draft (6), core length (7), and mean snow height (22). Each core section has the total length of its top (8) and bottom (9) measured in situ, as well estimated depth of section top (10), bottom (11), and middle (12). The depth estimates assume that the total length of all core sections is equal to the measured ice thickness. Each core section has the value of its practical salinity (14), isotopic values (16, 17, 18) (Meyer et al., 2000), as well as sea ice temperature (19) and ice density (20) interpolated to the depth of salinity measurements. The global coordinates of coring sites were measured directly. When it was not possible, coordinates of the nearby temperature buoy 2019T66 were used. Ice mass balance buoy 2019T66 installation is described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.938134. Brine volume (21) fraction estimates are presented only for fraction values from 0 to 30%. Each core section also has comments (23) describing if the sample is from a false bottom, from rafted ice or has any other special characteristics. Macronutrients from the salinity core, and more isotope data will be published in a subsequent version of this data set.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; Calculated; Comment; Core length; cores; DATE/TIME; density; Density, ice; Depth, adjusted; Depth, adjusted bottom; Depth, adjusted top; Depth, ice/snow, bottom/maximum; Depth, ice/snow, top/minimum; Deuterium excess; Ecological monitoring; Event label; HAVOC; Hydrostatic weighing; IC; Ice corer; ICEGAUGE; Ice thickness gauge; Isotopic liquid water analyzer; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Physical properties; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-19; PS122/1_5-3; PS122/1_6-34; PS122/1_7-6; PS122/1_7-97; PS122/1_8-2; PS122/1_9-6; PS122/1_9-93; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-3; PS122/2_19-7; PS122/2_21-13; PS122/2_23-3; PS122/2_24-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_32-63; PS122/3_35-11; PS122/3_36-21; PS122/3_38-24; PS122/3_39-7; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-134; PS122/4_46-18; PS122/4_47-16; PS122/4_48-23; PS122/4_49-34; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinometer, inductive; Sample ID; Sea ice; Sea ice draft; Sea ice salinity; Sea ice thickness; Snow height; Tape measure; Temperature; Temperature, ice/snow; Thermometer; time-series; Volume, brine; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7847 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-03-02
    Description: Algal pigment concentrations were retrieved from ocean samples, during the whole MOSAiC expedition (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) in 2019 to 2020. During MOSAiC, RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. Ocean data were collected starting with the onset of the study, at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east, following the drift towards the Fram Strait, and returning to the North Pole in the last leg of the expedition. Ocean samples were collected with a CTD, either from the ship, or from the ice floe in Ocean City (Rabe et al. 2022). Altogether 216 samples have been collected and analysed. After extraction in 90 % acetone, samples were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a Waters system. Algal pigments contain a multiple set of information. Firstly, pigment concentrations can show the presence of algal biomass in the various water masses sampled. Secondly, marker pigments can reveal seasonal and temporal dynamics in algal community structure, by discerning specific algal classes like diatoms, cryptophytes, haptophytes and chlorophytes that have specific roles in biogeochemical cycles. Thirdly, certain pigments are indicative of the (photo)-physiological state of micro-algae and fourth, degradation products of the main chlorophyll a pigment further give an indication about senescence and grazing in the various habitats.
    Keywords: 19'-Hexanoyloxy-4-ketofucoxanthin; 19-Butanoyloxyfucoxanthin; 19-Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Alloxanthin; alpha-Carotene; Arctic Ocean; beta-Carotene; Chlorophyll a, total; Chlorophyll b; Chlorophyll c1+c2; Chlorophyll c3; Comment; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Diadinoxanthin; Diatoxanthin; Dinoxanthin; Echinenone; Event label; Fucoxanthin; Gear; Gyroxanthin diester; High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Lutein; Lycopene; MOSAiC; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Neoxanthin; Peridinin; Pheophorbides; Polarstern; Prasinoxanthin; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-44; PS122/1_6-58; PS122/1_7-49; PS122/1_8-46; PS122/1_9-50; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-41; PS122/2_18-34; PS122/2_19-56; PS122/2_20-46; PS122/2_21-65; PS122/2_22-47; PS122/2_23-63; PS122/2_25-54; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-40; PS122/3_30-53; PS122/3_31-39; PS122/3_31-59; PS122/3_32-75; PS122/3_33-69; PS122/3_34-77; PS122/3_34-97; PS122/3_35-63; PS122/3_36-81; PS122/3_37-45; PS122/3_38-54; PS122/3_39-51; PS122/3_40-36; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-184; PS122/4_44-67; PS122/4_45-31; PS122/4_46-60; PS122/4_47-60; PS122/4_48-62; PS122/4_49-10; PS122/4_49-25; PS122/4_50-21; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-274; PS122/5_59-306; PS122/5_59-62; PS122/5_59-72; PS122/5_60-69; PS122/5_61-161; PS122/5_63-53; PUMP; Sample code/label; Violaxanthin; Water pump; Zeaxanthin
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5633 data points
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