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  • Articles  (327)
  • United States  (224)
  • *Ecosystem  (115)
  • Chemistry
  • 2005-2009  (327)
  • 2005  (327)
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  • 2005-2009  (327)
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  • 1
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    Estimated annual economic impacts from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the United States (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Blooms of toxic or harmful microalgae, commonly called "red tides," represent a significant and expanding threat to human health and fisheries resources throughout the United States and the world. Ecological, aesthetic, and public health impacts include: mass mortalities of wild and farmed fish and shellfish, human intoxication and death from the consumption of contaminated shellfish or fish, alterations of marine food webs through adverse effects on larvae and other life history stages of commercial fish species, the noxious smell and appearance of algae accumulated in nearshore waters or deposited on beaches, and mass mortalities of marine mammals, seabirds, and other animals. In this report, we provide an estimate of the economic impacts of HABs in the United States from events where such impacts were measurable with a fair degree of confidence during the interval 1987-92. The total economic impact averaged $49 million per year, with public health impacts representing the largest component (45 percent). Commercial fisheries impacts were the next largest (37 percent of the total), while recreation/tourism accounted for 13 percent, and monitoring/management impacts 4 percent. These estimates are highly conservative, as many economic costs or impacts from HABs could not be estimated.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grants No. NA46RG0470 and NA90AA-D-SG480, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9321244, and the Johnson Endowment of the Marine Policy Center.
    Keywords: Harmful algal blooms ; HABs ; Red tides ; Economic impacts ; Brown tides ; United States
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 8091490 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Genotypic diversity within a natural coastal bacterioplankton population (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: The genomic diversity and relative importance of distinct genotypes within natural bacterial populations have remained largely unknown. Here, we analyze the diversity and annual dynamics of a group of coastal bacterioplankton (greater than 99% 16S ribosomal RNA identity to Vibrio splendidus). We show that this group consists of at least a thousand distinct genotypes, each occurring at extremely low environmental concentrations (on average less than one cell per milliliter). Overall, the genomes show extensive allelic diversity and size variation. Individual genotypes rarely recurred in samples, and allelic distribution did not show spatial or temporal substructure. Ecological considerations suggest that much genotypic and possibly phenotypic variation within natural populations should be considered neutral.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, Janelle R -- Pacocha, Sarah -- Pharino, Chanathip -- Klepac-Ceraj, Vanja -- Hunt, Dana E -- Benoit, Jennifer -- Sarma-Rupavtarm, Ramahi -- Distel, Daniel L -- Polz, Martin F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1311-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Chaperonin 60/genetics ; *Ecosystem ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; *Genetic Variation ; Genome, Bacterial ; Genotype ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plankton/classification/*genetics/growth & development/isolation & purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ribotyping ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Time Factors ; Vibrio/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Elephants, ecology, and nonequilibrium? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Illius, Andrew W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):674; author reply 674.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15714610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Elephants ; Environment ; *Mammals ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    NIH training grants. Universities may have to pay more in support of graduate training (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339419" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Education, Graduate/*economics ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Training Support ; United States ; Universities/*economics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Ecology. Israeli controversy blossoms over protecting Gilboa iris (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 27;308(5726):1251.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15919972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Genetic Variation ; Housing ; *Iridaceae/genetics/growth & development ; Israel ; *Residence Characteristics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: We show that inferences of competence based solely on facial appearance predicted the outcomes of U.S. congressional elections better than chance (e.g., 68.8% of the Senate races in 2004) and also were linearly related to the margin of victory. These inferences were specific to competence and occurred within a 1-second exposure to the faces of the candidates. The findings suggest that rapid, unreflective trait inferences can contribute to voting choices, which are widely assumed to be based primarily on rational and deliberative considerations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Todorov, Alexander -- Mandisodza, Anesu N -- Goren, Amir -- Hall, Crystal C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1623-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. atodorov@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Character ; Decision Making ; *Face/anatomy & histology ; Federal Government ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Judgment ; Leadership ; Male ; *Mental Competency ; *Politics ; *Social Perception ; Stereotyping ; Trust ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Scientific publication. HHS Asks PNAS to pull bioterrorism paper (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1395.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bioterrorism/prevention & control ; Botulinum Toxins ; Food Supply ; Humans ; Milk ; *Periodicals as Topic ; Publishing ; *Retraction of Publication as Topic ; United States ; *United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Ecology. Savannah River Lab faces budget ax (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1857.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; *Ecology ; Georgia ; *Laboratories ; Radioactive Pollutants ; *Rivers ; United States ; United States Government Agencies ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Science and society. Smithsonian gives grudging ok to film backing ID argument (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1526.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Earth (Planet) ; *Evolution, Planetary ; *Motion Pictures as Topic ; *Museums ; Natural History ; Religion and Science ; *Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Ecology. Fish moved by warming waters (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inman, Mason -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):937.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15890852" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fisheries ; *Fishes ; North Sea ; Population Dynamics ; *Seawater ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Scientific misconduct. Researcher faces prison for fraud in NIH grant applications and papers (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1851.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Fraud ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Menopause ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Publishing ; *Research Support as Topic ; Retraction of Publication as Topic ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Global consequences of land use (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: Land use has generally been considered a local environmental issue, but it is becoming a force of global importance. Worldwide changes to forests, farmlands, waterways, and air are being driven by the need to provide food, fiber, water, and shelter to more than six billion people. Global croplands, pastures, plantations, and urban areas have expanded in recent decades, accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. Such changes in land use have enabled humans to appropriate an increasing share of the planet's resources, but they also potentially undermine the capacity of ecosystems to sustain food production, maintain freshwater and forest resources, regulate climate and air quality, and ameliorate infectious diseases. We face the challenge of managing trade-offs between immediate human needs and maintaining the capacity of the biosphere to provide goods and services in the long term.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Foley, Jonathan A -- Defries, Ruth -- Asner, Gregory P -- Barford, Carol -- Bonan, Gordon -- Carpenter, Stephen R -- Chapin, F Stuart -- Coe, Michael T -- Daily, Gretchen C -- Gibbs, Holly K -- Helkowski, Joseph H -- Holloway, Tracey -- Howard, Erica A -- Kucharik, Christopher J -- Monfreda, Chad -- Patz, Jonathan A -- Prentice, I Colin -- Ramankutty, Navin -- Snyder, Peter K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):570-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), University of Wisconsin, 1710 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53726, USA. jfoley@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Air Pollution ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Climate ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology/transmission ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Fresh Water ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Policy Making ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Ecological change, group territoriality, and population dynamics in Serengeti lions (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: Territorial behavior is expected to buffer populations against short-term environmental perturbations, but we have found that group living in African lions causes a complex response to long-term ecological change. Despite numerous gradual changes in prey availability and vegetative cover, regional populations of Serengeti lions remained stable for 10- to 20-year periods and only shifted to new equilibria in sudden leaps. Although gradually improving environmental conditions provided sufficient resources to permit the subdivision of preexisting territories, regional lion populations did not expand until short-term conditions supplied enough prey to generate large cohorts of surviving young. The results of a simulation model show that the observed pattern of "saltatory equilibria" results from the lions' grouping behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Packer, Craig -- Hilborn, Ray -- Mosser, Anna -- Kissui, Bernard -- Borner, Markus -- Hopcraft, Grant -- Wilmshurst, John -- Mduma, Simon -- Sinclair, Anthony R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. packer@cbs.umn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Antelopes ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; *Lions/physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Plants ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Social Behavior ; Stochastic Processes ; Tanzania ; *Territoriality
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Comment on "Ecosystem properties and forest decline in contrasting long-term chronosequences" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kitayama, Kanehiro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 29;308(5722):633; author reply 633.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 509-3 Hirano 2-Chome, Otsu, Shiga 520-2113, Japan. kitayama@ecology.kyoto-u.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860609" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; *Biomass ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Phosphorus/analysis ; Soil/analysis ; Time ; *Trees ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Veterans affairs. Gene bank proposal draws support--and a competitor (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):684-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Specimen Banks ; Blood Specimen Collection ; *Dna ; *Databases, Genetic ; Genetic Privacy ; Humans ; *Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; New York ; United States ; *United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; *Universities ; *Veterans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kone-Cni, Vladimir J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1873-5; author reply 1873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Iraq ; *Prisoners ; *Psychology, Social ; *Torture ; United States ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Debating whale sanctuaries (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papastavrou, Vassili -- Leaper, Russell -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):51-2; author reply 51-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; International Cooperation ; Oceans and Seas ; Public Policy ; *Whales
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Ecosystem service supply and vulnerability to global change in Europe (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-29
    Description: Global change will alter the supply of ecosystem services that are vital for human well-being. To investigate ecosystem service supply during the 21st century, we used a range of ecosystem models and scenarios of climate and land-use change to conduct a Europe-wide assessment. Large changes in climate and land use typically resulted in large changes in ecosystem service supply. Some of these trends may be positive (for example, increases in forest area and productivity) or offer opportunities (for example, "surplus land" for agricultural extensification and bioenergy production). However, many changes increase vulnerability as a result of a decreasing supply of ecosystem services (for example, declining soil fertility, declining water availability, increasing risk of forest fires), especially in the Mediterranean and mountain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schroter, Dagmar -- Cramer, Wolfgang -- Leemans, Rik -- Prentice, I Colin -- Araujo, Miguel B -- Arnell, Nigel W -- Bondeau, Alberte -- Bugmann, Harald -- Carter, Timothy R -- Gracia, Carlos A -- de la Vega-Leinert, Anne C -- Erhard, Markus -- Ewert, Frank -- Glendining, Margaret -- House, Joanna I -- Kankaanpaa, Susanna -- Klein, Richard J T -- Lavorel, Sandra -- Lindner, Marcus -- Metzger, Marc J -- Meyer, Jeannette -- Mitchell, Timothy D -- Reginster, Isabelle -- Rounsevell, Mark -- Sabate, Santi -- Sitch, Stephen -- Smith, Ben -- Smith, Jo -- Smith, Pete -- Sykes, Martin T -- Thonicke, Kirsten -- Thuiller, Wilfried -- Tuck, Gill -- Zaehle, Sonke -- Zierl, Barbel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1333-7. Epub 2005 Oct 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany. dagmar.schroeter@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Biodiversity ; Carbon ; Climate ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Crops, Agricultural ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Europe ; Greenhouse Effect ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Models, Theoretical ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Trees/growth & development ; Urban Population ; Water Supply ; Wood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Communication. Social values and the governance of science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaskell, George -- Einsiedel, Edna -- Hallman, William -- Priest, Susanna Hornig -- Jackson, Jonathan -- Olsthoorn, Johannus -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1908-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Methodology Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK. g.gaskell@lse.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Canada ; Data Collection ; Europe ; Food, Genetically Modified ; Public Opinion ; *Public Policy ; *Science ; *Social Values ; Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. Winning the war against island invaders (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krajick, Kevin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 2;310(5753):1410-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; Humans ; *Pest Control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Drug safety. FDA panel urges caution on many anti-inflammatory drugs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Advisory Committees ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced/epidemiology ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; *Drug Labeling ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; Humans ; Isoxazoles/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Lactones/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Pyrazoles/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Stroke/chemically induced/epidemiology ; Sulfonamides/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Sulfones/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; United States ; *United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Asian scientists and the "glass ceiling" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, Dianhua -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1767-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16363028" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia/ethnology ; *Asian Americans ; *Career Mobility ; *Foreign Professional Personnel ; Humans ; Science/*manpower ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    High-risk research. Six women among 13 NIH 'Pioneers' (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2149.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Awards and Prizes ; *Biomedical Research ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Women
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Phenotypic diversity, population growth, and information in fluctuating environments (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: Organisms in fluctuating environments must constantly adapt their behavior to survive. In clonal populations, this may be achieved through sensing followed by response or through the generation of diversity by stochastic phenotype switching. Here we show that stochastic switching can be favored over sensing when the environment changes infrequently. The optimal switching rates then mimic the statistics of environmental changes. We derive a relation between the long-term growth rate of the organism and the information available about its fluctuating environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kussell, Edo -- Leibler, Stanislas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):2075-8. Epub 2005 Aug 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Living Matter and Center for Studies in Physics and Biology, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 34, New York, NY 10021-6399, USA. kussele@rockefeller.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123265" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; *Biological Evolution ; Cues ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Genetic Variation ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; *Phenotype ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Reproduction ; Stochastic Processes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    AIDS research. IOM panel clears HIV prevention study (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):334.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; *Clinical Trials as Topic/standards ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/*prevention & control/*transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.) ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nevirapine/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Pilot Projects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy ; Uganda ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 26
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    Preindustrial to modern interdecadal variability in coral reef pH (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-01
    Description: The oceans are becoming more acidic due to absorption of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The impact of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems is unclear, but it will likely depend on species adaptability and the rate of change of seawater pH relative to its natural variability. To constrain the natural variability in reef-water pH, we measured boron isotopic compositions in a approximately 300-year-old massive Porites coral from the southwestern Pacific. Large variations in pH are found over approximately 50-year cycles that covary with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation of ocean-atmosphere anomalies, suggesting that natural pH cycles can modulate the impact of ocean acidification on coral reef ecosystems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pelejero, Carles -- Calvo, Eva -- McCulloch, Malcolm T -- Marshall, John F -- Gagan, Michael K -- Lough, Janice M -- Opdyke, Bradley N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2204-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. pelejero@cmima.csic.es〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthozoa/chemistry/*physiology ; Atmosphere ; Boron/analysis ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Isotopes/analysis ; Pacific Ocean ; Seasons ; *Seawater ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. North Atlantic right whales in crisis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kraus, Scott D -- Brown, Moira W -- Caswell, Hal -- Clark, Christopher W -- Fujiwara, Masami -- Hamilton, Philip K -- Kenney, Robert D -- Knowlton, Amy R -- Landry, Scott -- Mayo, Charles A -- McLellan, William A -- Moore, Michael J -- Nowacek, Douglas P -- Pabst, D Ann -- Read, Andrew J -- Rolland, Rosalind M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):561-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Edgerton Research Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA 02110-3399, USA. skraus@neaq.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040692" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; Fisheries ; Male ; Mortality ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Public Policy ; Reproduction ; Ships ; *Whales/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Nanotechnology. Calls rise for more research on toxicology of nanomaterials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1609.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *Environment ; Financing, Government ; Great Britain ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Nanostructures/*toxicity ; *Nanotechnology ; Occupational Exposure ; *Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Structural biology. Structural genomics, round 2 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1554-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Automation ; Biomedical Technology ; Budgets ; Computer Simulation ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; *Genomics/economics/instrumentation/methods ; Models, Molecular ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification ; *Proteomics/economics/instrumentation/methods ; Robotics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Forest research. Sky-high experiments (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1314-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Biodiversity ; Carbon/analysis ; *Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Greenhouse Effect ; Internationality ; Photosynthesis ; Research Support as Topic ; Soil/analysis ; *Trees/growth & development/metabolism ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Anthropology. The remaking of Australia's ecology (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, Christopher N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 8;309(5732):255-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. christopher.johnson@jcu.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16002607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropology ; Australia ; *Birds ; Carbon Isotopes ; Climate ; *Diet ; Dromaiidae ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Food Chain ; Humans ; *Mammals ; Marsupialia ; *Plants ; Poaceae ; Population Dynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Soil invertebrates disrupt carbon flow through fungal networks (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-16
    Description: Annual carbon flux through soil respiration is ten times greater than fossil fuel combustion, but its component parts are poorly understood because they are the product of complex multitrophic interactions between soil organisms. A major component of carbon flux from plants to soil occurs through networks of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Here, using 13CO2 pulse labeling, we show that natural densities of the numerically dominant fungal feeding invertebrate Protaphorura armata (order Collembola) reduces 13C enrichment of mycorrhizosphere respiration by 32%. Our findings emphasize the importance of multitrophic interactions in regulating respiration of recent plant photosynthate from soil.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, David -- Krsek, Martin -- Wellington, Elizabeth M H -- Stott, Andrew W -- Cole, Lisa -- Bardgett, Richard D -- Read, David J -- Leake, Jonathan R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1047.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK. D.Johnson@abdn.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arthropods/*physiology ; Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism ; Carbon Isotopes ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fatty Acids/analysis ; Feeding Behavior ; Food Chain ; Mycorrhizae/metabolism/*physiology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Phospholipids/analysis ; Plant Roots/microbiology ; Scotland ; *Soil/analysis ; *Soil Microbiology ; Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Research funding. Centers of attention: NSF takes fresh look at their proliferation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):943-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15890857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; *Research Support as Topic ; Science/education ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Stem cells. Deriving 'controversy-free' ES cells is controversial (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):416-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/cytology ; *Cell Line ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Research/economics/*ethics ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Female ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Mice ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; *Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Research Support as Topic ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Pediatric medicine. Europe follows U.S. in testing drugs for children (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bosch, Xavier -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1799.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Child ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Drug Approval ; *European Union ; Humans ; *Legislation, Drug ; *Pediatrics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    National Institutes of Health. NIH aims to create 'homes' for clinical science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):422-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/education/*organization & administration ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 37
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    Arguing about the use of stem cells (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bradford, Barry -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Beginning of Human Life ; Christianity ; Embryo Research/*ethics ; Humans ; *Stem Cells ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 38
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    Biodefense. Critics question proposed countermeasures agency (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):755.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16272086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Access to Information ; *Anti-Infective Agents ; *Bioterrorism ; Communicable Diseases/drug therapy ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services/*legislation & ; jurisprudence/*organization & administration ; *Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Epidemiology. Regulations spark technology competition (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Granmar, Marie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1860.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollution/*prevention & control ; Filtration/instrumentation ; *Gasoline ; Government Regulation ; *Industry ; Particle Size ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; Vehicle Emissions/*prevention & control/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. budget. NIH set for tiny spending hike in 2006 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1256.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311303" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Budgets/legislation & jurisprudence ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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    Public health. Pandemic or not, experts welcome Bush flu plan (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):952-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antiviral Agents/*supply & distribution ; Cell Line ; *Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/growth & development/immunology/pathogenicity ; Influenza A virus/growth & development/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/*economics ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy/*epidemiology/prevention & control/*virology ; United States ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Virology. Resurrected influenza virus yields secrets of deadly 1918 pandemic (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):28-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Animals ; Bioterrorism ; Chick Embryo/virology ; Containment of Biohazards ; Disease Outbreaks/history ; Editorial Policies ; *Genes, Viral ; Genome, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*metabolism ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A virus/*genetics/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/history/*virology ; Mice ; Neuraminidase/genetics/metabolism ; Publishing ; RNA Replicase/genetics/metabolism ; United States ; Virulence ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bioinformatics. With a stumble, Microsoft launches European research project (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):828.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes/economics ; *Computational Biology ; *Computers ; Europe ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 44
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    Conflict of interest. Forty-four researchers broke NIH consulting rules (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):546.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conflict of Interest ; *Consultants ; *Ethics, Professional ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Personnel/*ethics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Space science. NASA starts squeezing to fit missions into tight budget (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1594-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Science Disciplines ; *Budgets ; Financing, Government ; Natural Science Disciplines ; *Research/economics ; *Space Flight/economics ; Spacecraft ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/*economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 46
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    Space and earth sciences. Budget woes greet NASA science chief (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1165.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy ; Biological Science Disciplines ; *Budgets ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Research ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/history/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 47
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    Taxonomy. Taxonomy's elusive grail (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1038.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Classification ; Costa Rica ; Financial Support ; *Phylogeny ; Sweden ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 48
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    Abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Persaud, Raj -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1873-5; author reply 1873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Iraq ; Military Personnel/*psychology ; Politics ; *Prisoners ; *Psychology, Social ; Torture/*psychology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Revisiting the taxonomic impediment (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Carvalho, Marcelo R -- Bockmann, Flavio A -- Amorim, Dalton S -- de Vivo, Mario -- de Toledo-Piza, Monica -- Menezes, Naercio A -- de Figueiredo, Jose L -- Castro, Ricardo M C -- Gill, Anthony C -- McEachran, John D -- Compagno, Leonard J V -- Schelly, Robert C -- Britz, Ralf -- Lundberg, John G -- Vari, Richard P -- Nelson, Gareth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):353.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; Biology/education/manpower ; *Classification ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Developing Countries ; Latin America ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. military facilities. Pathology institute hit in base-closing plan (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 20;308(5725):1101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15905373" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Specimen Banks ; *Military Medicine ; Museums ; *Pathology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Multiple transatlantic introductions of the western corn rootworm (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: The invasion of Europe by the western corn rootworm, North America's most destructive corn pest, is ongoing and represents a serious threat to European agriculture. Because this pest was initially introduced in Central Europe, it was believed that subsequent outbreaks in Western Europe originated from this area. Using model-based Bayesian analyses of the genetic variability of the western corn rootworm, we demonstrate that this belief is false: There have been at least three independent introductions from North America during the past two decades. This result raises questions about changing circumstances that have enabled a sudden burst of transatlantic introductions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Nicholas -- Estoup, Arnaud -- Toepfer, Stefan -- Bourguet, Denis -- Lapchin, Laurent -- Derridj, Sylvie -- Kim, Kyung Seok -- Reynaud, Philippe -- Furlan, Lorenzo -- Guillemaud, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):992.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biologie des Populations en Interaction, Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1112 Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; *Beetles/genetics ; Computer Simulation ; Europe ; Genetic Variation ; Insect Control ; Microsatellite Repeats ; North America ; Population Dynamics ; United States ; *Zea mays
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. Food web ecology: playing Jenga and beyond (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Ruiter, Peter C -- Wolters, Volkmar -- Moore, John C -- Winemiller, Kirk O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):68-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Research Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. p.deruiter@geo.uu.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Body Size ; *Ecosystem ; Fishes ; *Food Chain ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NASA. Life science research on space station is headed for big cuts (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 29;308(5722):610-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astronauts ; *Biological Science Disciplines ; Humans ; *Research/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; *Space Flight ; *Spacecraft ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Asian scientists and the "glass ceiling" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pike, Linda J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1767-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16363030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia/ethnology ; *Asian Americans ; *Career Mobility ; *Foreign Professional Personnel ; Humans ; Science/*manpower ; *Societies, Scientific/organization & administration ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    The past and future of extant amphibians (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delfino, Massimo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 1;308(5718):49-50; author reply 49-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15818797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; *Amphibians/classification/physiology ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Population Dynamics ; Time
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    Nurturing the next Einsteins (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alexander, Lamar -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1013.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718431" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Science Disciplines ; Education, Graduate ; Engineering/*education ; Natural Science Disciplines/*education ; *Research ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Gene therapy. Panel urges limits on X-SCID trials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1544-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Animals ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/*therapy ; *Genetic Therapy/adverse effects ; Genetic Vectors ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, T-Cell/etiology ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/*therapy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 58
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    Bacteria and island biogeography (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mitchell, Edward A D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):1997-9; author reply 1997-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16184629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/classification/genetics/*growth & development ; *Biodiversity ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fagus/microbiology ; Food Chain ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Rain ; Temperature ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Conflicts of interest. NIH scientists raise fuss about scope of new rules (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1390.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conflict of Interest ; Consultants ; Drug Industry ; Investments ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*ethics ; Research Personnel/*ethics ; United States
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    Bottom-up ecosystem trophic dynamics determine fish production in the Northeast Pacific (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-23
    Description: We addressed the question of bottom-up versus top-down control of marine ecosystem trophic interactions by using annual fish catch data and satellite-derived (SeaWiFS) chlorophyll a measurements for the continental margin of western North America. Findings reveal a marked alongshore variation in retained primary production that is highly correlated with the alongshore variation in resident fish yield. The highest productivity occurs off the coasts of Washington and southern British Columbia. Zooplankton data for coastal British Columbia confirm strong bottom-up trophic linkages between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and resident fish, extending to regional areas as small as 10,000 square kilometers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ware, Daniel M -- Thomson, Richard E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 27;308(5726):1280-4. Epub 2005 Apr 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Aquatic Ecosystem Associates, 3674 Planta Road, Nanaimo, BC V9T 1M2, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845876" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration ; Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; *Fishes/physiology ; Food Chain ; North America ; Pacific Ocean ; *Phytoplankton/physiology ; Population Density ; *Seawater/chemistry ; *Zooplankton/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    On the regulation of populations of mammals, birds, fish, and insects (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: A key unresolved question in population ecology concerns the relationship between a population's size and its growth rate. We estimated this relationship for 1780 time series of mammals, birds, fish, and insects. We found that rates of population growth are high at low population densities but, contrary to previous predictions, decline rapidly with increasing population size and then flatten out, for all four taxa. This produces a strongly concave relationship between a population's growth rate and its size. These findings have fundamental implications for our understanding of animals' lives, suggesting in particular that many animals in these taxa will be found living at densities above the carrying capacity of their environments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sibly, Richard M -- Barker, Daniel -- Denham, Michael C -- Hone, Jim -- Pagel, Mark -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):607-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK. r.m.sibly@reading.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild ; *Birds ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fishes ; *Insects ; Logistic Models ; *Mammals ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Regression Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Abrupt and gradual extinction among Late Permian land vertebrates in the Karoo basin, South Africa (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: The Karoo basin of South Africa exposes a succession of Upper Permian to Lower Triassic terrestrial strata containing abundant terrestrial vertebrate fossils. Paleomagnetic/magnetostratigraphic and carbon-isotope data allow sections to be correlated across the basin. With this stratigraphy, the vertebrate fossil data show a gradual extinction in the Upper Permian punctuated by an enhanced extinction pulse at the Permian-Triassic boundary interval, particularly among the dicynodont therapsids, coinciding with negative carbon-isotope anomalies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ward, Peter D -- Botha, Jennifer -- Buick, Roger -- De Kock, Michiel O -- Erwin, Douglas H -- Garrison, Geoffrey H -- Kirschvink, Joseph L -- Smith, Roger -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):709-14. Epub 2005 Jan 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. argo@u.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661973" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; Magnetics ; Plants ; South Africa ; Time ; *Vertebrates
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global voices of science. Teaching evolution in Mexico: preaching to the choir (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lazcano, Antonio -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):787-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 70-407, Cd. Universitaria, Mexico D.F., 04510 Mexico. alar@correo.unam.mx〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16272103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Biology/*education ; *Catholicism ; Christianity ; International Cooperation ; Mexico ; Origin of Life ; *Religion and Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Multiple causes of high extinction risk in large mammal species (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-23
    Description: Many large animal species have a high risk of extinction. This is usually thought to result simply from the way that species traits associated with vulnerability, such as low reproductive rates, scale with body size. In a broad-scale analysis of extinction risk in mammals, we find two additional patterns in the size selectivity of extinction risk. First, impacts of both intrinsic and environmental factors increase sharply above a threshold body mass around 3 kilograms. Second, whereas extinction risk in smaller species is driven by environmental factors, in larger species it is driven by a combination of environmental factors and intrinsic traits. Thus, the disadvantages of large size are greater than generally recognized, and future loss of large mammal biodiversity could be far more rapid than expected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardillo, Marcel -- Mace, Georgina M -- Jones, Kate E -- Bielby, Jon -- Bininda-Emonds, Olaf R P -- Sechrest, Wes -- Orme, C David L -- Purvis, Andy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1239-41. Epub 2005 Jul 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK. m.cardillo@imperial.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16037416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; *Body Size ; Body Weight ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Female ; Homing Behavior ; Humans ; *Mammals/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal ; Regression Analysis ; Risk ; Weaning
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    An open letter to Elias Zerhouni (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altman, Sidney -- Bassler, Bonnie L -- Beckwith, Jon -- Belfort, Marlene -- Berg, Howard C -- Bloom, Barry -- Brenchley, Jean E -- Campbell, Allan -- Collier, R John -- Connell, Nancy -- Cozzarelli, Nicholas R -- Craig, Nancy L -- Darst, Seth -- Ebright, Richard H -- Elledge, Stephen J -- Falkow, Stanley -- Galan, Jorge E -- Gottesman, Max -- Gourse, Richard -- Grindley, Nigel D F -- Gross, Carol A -- Grossman, Alan -- Hochschild, Ann -- Howe, Martha -- Hurwitz, Jerard -- Isberg, Ralph R -- Kaplan, Samuel -- Kornberg, Arthur -- Kustu, Sydney G -- Landick, Robert C -- Landy, Arthur -- Levy, Stuart B -- Losick, Richard -- Long, Sharon R -- Maloy, Stanley R -- Mekalanos, John J -- Neidhardt, Frederick C -- Pace, Norman R -- Ptashne, Mark -- Roberts, Jeffrey W -- Roth, John R -- Rothman-Denes, Lucia B -- Salyers, Abigail -- Schaechter, Moselio -- Shapiro, Lucy -- Silhavy, Thomas J -- Simon, Melvin I -- Walker, Graham -- Yanofsky, Charles -- Zinder, Norton -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1409-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Warfare ; *Biomedical Research/economics ; *Bioterrorism ; Financing, Government ; *Microbiology ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review, Research ; Public Health ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. military installations. Base commission alters Pentagon's wishes on labs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1472.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes ; *Advisory Committees ; *Military Medicine ; *Pathology ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Wanted: women in clinical trials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, Viviana -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1517.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947140" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Research Design ; Research Support as Topic ; *Sex Characteristics ; United States ; *Women ; Women's Health
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    What can be done to stop the decline? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lederman, Leon M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administrative Personnel ; *Education ; Science ; Technology ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A serpentinite-hosted ecosystem: the Lost City hydrothermal field (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: The serpentinite-hosted Lost City hydrothermal field is a remarkable submarine ecosystem in which geological, chemical, and biological processes are intimately interlinked. Reactions between seawater and upper mantle peridotite produce methane- and hydrogen-rich fluids, with temperatures ranging from 〈40 degrees to 90 degrees C at pH 9 to 11, and carbonate chimneys 30 to 60 meters tall. A low diversity of microorganisms related to methane-cycling Archaea thrive in the warm porous interiors of the edifices. Macrofaunal communities show a degree of species diversity at least as high as that of black smoker vent sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, but they lack the high biomasses of chemosynthetic organisms that are typical of volcanically driven systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelley, Deborah S -- Karson, Jeffrey A -- Fruh-Green, Gretchen L -- Yoerger, Dana R -- Shank, Timothy M -- Butterfield, David A -- Hayes, John M -- Schrenk, Matthew O -- Olson, Eric J -- Proskurowski, Giora -- Jakuba, Mike -- Bradley, Al -- Larson, Ben -- Ludwig, Kristin -- Glickson, Deborah -- Buckman, Kate -- Bradley, Alexander S -- Brazelton, William J -- Roe, Kevin -- Elend, Mitch J -- Delacour, Adelie -- Bernasconi, Stefano M -- Lilley, Marvin D -- Baross, John A -- Summons, Roger E -- Sylva, Sean P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1428-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kelley@ocean.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746419" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaea/classification/*growth & development/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Bacteria/classification/*growth & development/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Carbonates ; Colony Count, Microbial ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fishes ; *Geologic Sediments/chemistry/microbiology ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen/analysis/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Invertebrates ; Lipids/analysis ; Methane/analysis/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; *Seawater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Problems in patenting human genes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murashige, Kate H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 24;308(5730):1868-70; author reply 1868-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; Public Policy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global impact of recreational fisheries (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arlinghaus, Robert -- Cooke, Steven J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1561-3; author reply 1561-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15765561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Fresh Water ; Internationality ; Population Dynamics ; *Recreation ; Seawater ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NASA: back to eating seed corn (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1245.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311301" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; Mars ; Moon ; *Research ; *Space Flight ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/organization & administration
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Musch, David C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1873-5; author reply 1873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Dissent and Disputes ; Humans ; Iraq ; Peer Group ; *Prisoners ; *Social Conformity ; *Torture ; United States ; Warfare
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    A European CDC? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wigzell, Hans -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1691.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Communicable Disease Control/economics/*organization & administration ; European Union/economics/*organization & administration ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; *Public Health ; United States
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    Selective logging in the Brazilian Amazon (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-22
    Description: Amazon deforestation has been measured by remote sensing for three decades. In comparison, selective logging has been mostly invisible to satellites. We developed a large-scale, high-resolution, automated remote-sensing analysis of selective logging in the top five timber-producing states of the Brazilian Amazon. Logged areas ranged from 12,075 to 19,823 square kilometers per year (+/-14%) between 1999 and 2002, equivalent to 60 to 123% of previously reported deforestation area. Up to 1200 square kilometers per year of logging were observed on conservation lands. Each year, 27 million to 50 million cubic meters of wood were extracted, and a gross flux of approximately 0.1 billion metric tons of carbon was destined for release to the atmosphere by logging.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Asner, Gregory P -- Knapp, David E -- Broadbent, Eben N -- Oliveira, Paulo J C -- Keller, Michael -- Silva, Jose N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):480-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. gasner@globalecology.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brazil ; Carbon ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Forestry ; *Industry ; Spacecraft ; *Trees ; *Wood
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Twilight for the Enlightenment? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):165.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; Biomedical Research/*trends ; Christianity ; Education/*trends ; Europe ; Politics ; Public Policy ; *Religion and Science ; Teaching ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Social Security meets race (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liebman, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):1965.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16179435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *African Americans ; *Health ; Humans ; Income ; *Life Expectancy ; *Privatization/economics ; Social Security/*economics ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Transient floral change and rapid global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: Rapid global warming of 5 degrees to 10 degrees C during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) coincided with major turnover in vertebrate faunas, but previous studies have found little floral change. Plant fossils discovered in Wyoming, United States, show that PETM floras were a mixture of native and migrant lineages and that plant range shifts were large and rapid (occurring within 10,000 years). Floral composition and leaf shape and size suggest that climate warmed by approximately 5 degrees C during the PETM and that precipitation was low early in the event and increased later. Floral response to warming and/or increased atmospheric CO2 during the PETM was comparable in rate and magnitude to that seen in postglacial floras and to the predicted effects of anthropogenic carbon release and climate change on future vegetation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wing, Scott L -- Harrington, Guy J -- Smith, Francesca A -- Bloch, Jonathan I -- Boyer, Douglas M -- Freeman, Katherine H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):993-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, 10th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA. wings@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284173" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; *Greenhouse Effect ; Oxygen Isotopes/analysis ; Plant Development ; Plant Leaves/anatomy & histology ; *Plants/anatomy & histology/classification ; Rain ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Wyoming
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Conservation policy. House revises Endangered Species Act (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Eric -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Public Policy ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global patterns of predator diversity in the open oceans (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-30
    Description: The open oceans comprise most of the biosphere, yet patterns and trends of species diversity there are enigmatic. Here, we derive worldwide patterns of tuna and billfish diversity over the past 50 years, revealing distinct subtropical "hotspots" that appeared to hold generally for other predators and zooplankton. Diversity was positively correlated with thermal fronts and dissolved oxygen and a nonlinear function of temperature (approximately 25 degrees C optimum). Diversity declined between 10 and 50% in all oceans, a trend that coincided with increased fishing pressure, superimposed on strong El Nino-Southern Oscillation-driven variability across the Pacific. We conclude that predator diversity shows a predictable yet eroding pattern signaling ecosystem-wide changes linked to climate and fishing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Worm, Boris -- Sandow, Marcel -- Oschlies, Andreas -- Lotze, Heike K -- Myers, Ransom A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1365-9. Epub 2005 Jul 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1. bworm@dal.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Fisheries ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxygen/analysis ; *Perciformes ; Population Density ; *Predatory Behavior ; Regression Analysis ; Seasons ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; *Tuna ; Zooplankton
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. Experimental drought predicts grim future for rainforest (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):346-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brazil ; Carbon/metabolism ; *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Fires ; Photosynthesis ; *Rain ; Seasons ; *Trees/growth & development ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 82
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    The restoration potential of the Mesopotamian marshes of Iraq (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: Uncontrolled releases of Tigris and Euphrates River waters after the 2003 war have partially restored some former marsh areas in southern Iraq, but restoration is failing in others because of high soil and water salinities. Nearly 20% of the original 15,000-square-kilometer marsh area was reflooded by March 2004, but the extent of marsh restoration is unknown. High-quality water, nonsaline soils, and the densest native vegetation were found in the only remaining natural marsh, the Al-Hawizeh, located on the Iranian border. Although substantially reduced in area and under current threat of an Iranian dike, it has the potential to be a native repopulation center for the region. Rapid reestablishment, high productivity, and reproduction of native flora and fauna in reflooded former marsh areas indicate a high probability for successful restoration, provided the restored wetlands are hydraulically designed to allow sufficient flow of noncontaminated water and flushing of salts through the ecosystem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richardson, Curtis J -- Reiss, Peter -- Hussain, Najah A -- Alwash, Azzam J -- Pool, Douglas J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1307-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Duke University Wetland Center, Nicholas School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Box 90333, Durham, NC 27708, USA. curtr@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Fresh Water ; Iraq ; Metals/analysis ; Plant Development ; Rivers ; Sodium Chloride ; Soil ; Water Movements ; Xenobiotics/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Cyberinfrastructure for e-Science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-10
    Description: Here we describe the requirements of an e-Infrastructure to enable faster, better, and different scientific research capabilities. We use two application exemplars taken from the United Kingdom's e-Science Programme to illustrate these requirements and make the case for a service-oriented infrastructure. We provide a brief overview of the UK "plug-and-play composable services" vision and the role of semantics in such an e-Infrastructure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hey, Tony -- Trefethen, Anne E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 6;308(5723):817-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1ET, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15879209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; *Computational Biology ; *Computer Communication Networks ; *Computing Methodologies ; Databases as Topic ; Graves Disease/genetics ; *Internet ; *Research ; *Software ; Williams Syndrome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Environmental health. Debate continues over safety of water spiked with rocket fuel (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):507.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects/embryology ; Female ; Humans ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; Perchlorates/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Risk Assessment ; Thyroid Gland/drug effects ; Thyroid Hormones/metabolism ; Toxicity Tests ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; *Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Let's talk about sex--and drugs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1578.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Approval ; Female ; Humans ; Placebo Effect ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/*drug therapy ; Testosterone/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 86
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    In situ stable isotope probing of methanogenic archaea in the rice rhizosphere (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-16
    Description: Microorganisms living in anoxic rice soils contribute 10 to 25% of global methane emissions. The most important carbon source for CH4 production is plant-derived carbon that enters soil as root exudates and debris. Pulse labeling of rice plants with 13CO2 resulted in incorporation of 13C into the ribosomal RNA of Rice Cluster I Archaea in the soil, indicating that this archaeal group plays a key role in CH4 production from plant-derived carbon. This group of microorganisms has not yet been isolated but appears to be of global environmental importance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lu, Yahai -- Conrad, Ralf -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1088-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099988" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Archaea/classification/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Carbon Isotopes/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Ecosystem ; Hydrogen/metabolism ; Methane/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oryza/metabolism/*microbiology ; Photosynthesis ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots/metabolism/microbiology ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; RNA, Archaeal/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics/metabolism ; *Soil Microbiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Embryonic stem cells. Moderate Republican led the winning coalition (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1389.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Federal Government ; Humans ; Politics ; *Stem Cells ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Protecting privacy of human subjects (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roche, Patricia A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1200-1; author reply 1200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Genetic Privacy ; Genetic Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ; Humans ; *Privacy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Ecology. Untangling an entangled bank (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Storch, David -- Marquet, Pablo A -- Gaston, Kevin J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):684-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University, 110 00-CZ Praha 1, Czech Republic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fractals ; Models, Biological ; Plants ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Stochastic Processes ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Essays on science and society. Pleistocene Park: return of the mammoth's ecosystem (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimov, Sergey A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 6;308(5723):796-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Northeast Scientific Station, Pacific Institute for Geography (Far East Branch), Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 18, Cherskii, Republic of Sakha 678830, Russia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15879196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Bison ; Bryophyta ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; *Elephants ; Greenhouse Effect ; Hominidae ; Horses ; Humans ; *Mammals ; Plants ; Poaceae ; Population Dynamics ; Siberia ; Soil ; Tigers ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The perils of increased aquaculture (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mann, David A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Aquaculture ; Oceans and Seas ; *Public Policy ; *Seafood ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Marburger makes his position clear (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marburger, John H 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):515.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Politics ; *Research Personnel ; *Science ; United States
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  • 93
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    Protecting the privacy of human subjects (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huberman, Bernardo A -- Hogg, Tad -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1200-1; author reply 1200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15736302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Disclosure ; *Genetic Privacy ; *Genetic Research ; Humans ; Public Policy ; United States
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    The importance of land-cover change in simulating future climates (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: Adding the effects of changes in land cover to the A2 and B1 transient climate simulations described in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change leads to significantly different regional climates in 2100 as compared with climates resulting from atmospheric SRES forcings alone. Agricultural expansion in the A2 scenario results in significant additional warming over the Amazon and cooling of the upper air column and nearby oceans. These and other influences on the Hadley and monsoon circulations affect extratropical climates. Agricultural expansion in the mid-latitudes produces cooling and decreases in the mean daily temperature range over many areas. The A2 scenario results in more significant change, often of opposite sign, than does the B1 scenario.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feddema, Johannes J -- Oleson, Keith W -- Bonan, Gordon B -- Mearns, Linda O -- Buja, Lawrence E -- Meehl, Gerald A -- Washington, Warren M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1674-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. feddema@ku.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; *Agriculture ; Asia ; *Atmosphere ; Australia ; *Climate ; Computer Simulation ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Oceans and Seas ; South America ; Temperature ; Trees ; Tropical Climate ; United States ; Weather
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    Responsibility beyond 60 years (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bennett, Burton G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 9;309(5741):1649.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/mortality ; *Nuclear Warfare ; Radiation Dosage ; *Radiation Effects ; Radiation Injuries/*epidemiology/mortality ; Radiation Protection ; United States ; World War II
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  • 96
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    Clinical trials: keeping score on the sexes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1571.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947168" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Patient Selection ; Research Design ; *Sex Characteristics ; United States ; *Women ; Women's Health
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    The problem of child sexual abuse (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fink, Paul -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1182-5; author reply 1182-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; *Child Abuse, Sexual/economics/prevention & control/statistics & numerical data ; *Child Welfare ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/etiology ; Risk Factors ; United States
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    Intellectual property. U.S. patent reform begins long journey through Congress (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 17;308(5729):1725-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15961638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology ; Drug Industry ; Intellectual Property ; Patents as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Software ; Technology ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bioethics. Anticloning forces launch second-term offensive (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1702-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Organism/ethics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Politics ; Research Embryo Creation/ethics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Biomarker evidence for photosynthesis during neoproterozoic glaciation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-01
    Description: Laterally extensive black shales were deposited on the Sao Francisco craton in southeastern Brazil during low-latitude Neoproterozoic glaciation approximately 740 to 700 million years ago. These rocks contain up to 3.0 weight % organic carbon, which we interpret as representing the preserved record of abundant marine primary productivity from glacial times. Extractable biomarkers reflect a complex and productive microbial ecosystem, including both phototrophic bacteria and eukaryotes, living in a stratified ocean with thin or absent sea ice, oxic surface waters, and euxinic conditions within the photic zone. Such an environment provides important constraints for parts of the "Snowball Earth" hypothesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Olcott, Alison N -- Sessions, Alex L -- Corsetti, Frank A -- Kaufman, Alan J -- de Oliviera, Tolentino Flavio -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):471-4. Epub 2005 Sep 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. olcott@usc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Brazil ; Carbon/*analysis ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; Carbonates/analysis ; Cyanobacteria/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; *Ice Cover ; Organic Chemicals/*analysis ; *Photosynthesis ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Sunlight
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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