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  • Articles  (370)
  • United States  (224)
  • Male  (157)
  • Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • 2005-2009  (370)
  • 1995-1999
  • 2005  (370)
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  • 2005-2009  (370)
  • 1995-1999
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  • 1
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    Estimated annual economic impacts from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the United States (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Blooms of toxic or harmful microalgae, commonly called "red tides," represent a significant and expanding threat to human health and fisheries resources throughout the United States and the world. Ecological, aesthetic, and public health impacts include: mass mortalities of wild and farmed fish and shellfish, human intoxication and death from the consumption of contaminated shellfish or fish, alterations of marine food webs through adverse effects on larvae and other life history stages of commercial fish species, the noxious smell and appearance of algae accumulated in nearshore waters or deposited on beaches, and mass mortalities of marine mammals, seabirds, and other animals. In this report, we provide an estimate of the economic impacts of HABs in the United States from events where such impacts were measurable with a fair degree of confidence during the interval 1987-92. The total economic impact averaged $49 million per year, with public health impacts representing the largest component (45 percent). Commercial fisheries impacts were the next largest (37 percent of the total), while recreation/tourism accounted for 13 percent, and monitoring/management impacts 4 percent. These estimates are highly conservative, as many economic costs or impacts from HABs could not be estimated.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grants No. NA46RG0470 and NA90AA-D-SG480, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9321244, and the Johnson Endowment of the Marine Policy Center.
    Keywords: Harmful algal blooms ; HABs ; Red tides ; Economic impacts ; Brown tides ; United States
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 8091490 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Representation of action-specific reward values in the striatum (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: The estimation of the reward an action will yield is critical in decision-making. To elucidate the role of the basal ganglia in this process, we recorded striatal neurons of monkeys who chose between left and right handle turns, based on the estimated reward probabilities of the actions. During a delay period before the choices, the activity of more than one-third of striatal projection neurons was selective to the values of one of the two actions. Fewer neurons were tuned to relative values or action choice. These results suggest representation of action values in the striatum, which can guide action selection in the basal ganglia circuit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samejima, Kazuyuki -- Ueda, Yasumasa -- Doya, Kenji -- Kimura, Minoru -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1337-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Computational Neurobiology, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, 619-0288 Kyoto, Japan. samejima@lab.tamagawa.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; *Choice Behavior ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Female ; Macaca ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Probability ; Putamen/*physiology ; Regression Analysis ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; *Reward
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    NIH training grants. Universities may have to pay more in support of graduate training (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339419" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Education, Graduate/*economics ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Training Support ; United States ; Universities/*economics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: We show that inferences of competence based solely on facial appearance predicted the outcomes of U.S. congressional elections better than chance (e.g., 68.8% of the Senate races in 2004) and also were linearly related to the margin of victory. These inferences were specific to competence and occurred within a 1-second exposure to the faces of the candidates. The findings suggest that rapid, unreflective trait inferences can contribute to voting choices, which are widely assumed to be based primarily on rational and deliberative considerations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Todorov, Alexander -- Mandisodza, Anesu N -- Goren, Amir -- Hall, Crystal C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1623-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. atodorov@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Character ; Decision Making ; *Face/anatomy & histology ; Federal Government ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Judgment ; Leadership ; Male ; *Mental Competency ; *Politics ; *Social Perception ; Stereotyping ; Trust ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Scientific publication. HHS Asks PNAS to pull bioterrorism paper (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1395.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bioterrorism/prevention & control ; Botulinum Toxins ; Food Supply ; Humans ; Milk ; *Periodicals as Topic ; Publishing ; *Retraction of Publication as Topic ; United States ; *United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Ecology. Savannah River Lab faces budget ax (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1857.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; *Ecology ; Georgia ; *Laboratories ; Radioactive Pollutants ; *Rivers ; United States ; United States Government Agencies ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Science and society. Smithsonian gives grudging ok to film backing ID argument (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1526.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Earth (Planet) ; *Evolution, Planetary ; *Motion Pictures as Topic ; *Museums ; Natural History ; Religion and Science ; *Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Neuroscience. Preventing Alzheimer's: a lifelong commitment? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, Jean -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 5;309(5736):864-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16081709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/physiology ; Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Animals ; Brain/physiology ; Education ; *Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; *Mental Processes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Recurrent fusion of TMPRSS2 and ETS transcription factor genes in prostate cancer (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-29
    Description: Recurrent chromosomal rearrangements have not been well characterized in common carcinomas. We used a bioinformatics approach to discover candidate oncogenic chromosomal aberrations on the basis of outlier gene expression. Two ETS transcription factors, ERG and ETV1, were identified as outliers in prostate cancer. We identified recurrent gene fusions of the 5' untranslated region of TMPRSS2 to ERG or ETV1 in prostate cancer tissues with outlier expression. By using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that 23 of 29 prostate cancer samples harbor rearrangements in ERG or ETV1. Cell line experiments suggest that the androgen-responsive promoter elements of TMPRSS2 mediate the overexpression of ETS family members in prostate cancer. These results have implications in the development of carcinomas and the molecular diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tomlins, Scott A -- Rhodes, Daniel R -- Perner, Sven -- Dhanasekaran, Saravana M -- Mehra, Rohit -- Sun, Xiao-Wei -- Varambally, Sooryanarayana -- Cao, Xuhong -- Tchinda, Joelle -- Kuefer, Rainer -- Lee, Charles -- Montie, James E -- Shah, Rajal B -- Pienta, Kenneth J -- Rubin, Mark A -- Chinnaiyan, Arul M -- 5P30 CA46592/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50CA69568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA97063/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01AG21404/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- UO1 CA111275-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):644-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0602, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics ; Serine Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Trans-Activators/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Scientific misconduct. Researcher faces prison for fraud in NIH grant applications and papers (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1851.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Fraud ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Menopause ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Publishing ; *Research Support as Topic ; Retraction of Publication as Topic ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Ecological change, group territoriality, and population dynamics in Serengeti lions (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: Territorial behavior is expected to buffer populations against short-term environmental perturbations, but we have found that group living in African lions causes a complex response to long-term ecological change. Despite numerous gradual changes in prey availability and vegetative cover, regional populations of Serengeti lions remained stable for 10- to 20-year periods and only shifted to new equilibria in sudden leaps. Although gradually improving environmental conditions provided sufficient resources to permit the subdivision of preexisting territories, regional lion populations did not expand until short-term conditions supplied enough prey to generate large cohorts of surviving young. The results of a simulation model show that the observed pattern of "saltatory equilibria" results from the lions' grouping behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Packer, Craig -- Hilborn, Ray -- Mosser, Anna -- Kissui, Bernard -- Borner, Markus -- Hopcraft, Grant -- Wilmshurst, John -- Mduma, Simon -- Sinclair, Anthony R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. packer@cbs.umn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Antelopes ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; *Lions/physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Plants ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Social Behavior ; Stochastic Processes ; Tanzania ; *Territoriality
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Nod2-dependent regulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the intestinal tract (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-05
    Description: The gene encoding the Nod2 protein is frequently mutated in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, although the physiological function of Nod2 in the intestine remains elusive. Here we show that protective immunity mediated by Nod2 recognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide is abolished in Nod2-deficient mice. These animals are susceptible to bacterial infection via the oral route but not through intravenous or peritoneal delivery. Nod2 is required for the expression of a subgroup of intestinal anti-microbial peptides, known as cryptdins. The Nod2 protein is thus a critical regulator of bacterial immunity within the intestine, providing a possible mechanism for Nod2 mutations in CD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobayashi, Koichi S -- Chamaillard, Mathias -- Ogura, Yasunori -- Henegariu, Octavian -- Inohara, Naohiro -- Nunez, Gabriel -- Flavell, Richard A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):731-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692051" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/*immunology ; Animals ; *Antibody Formation ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Targeting ; Ileum/*immunology/microbiology ; *Immunity, Innate ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Immunoglobulins/biosynthesis ; Interleukins/biosynthesis ; Intestinal Diseases/immunology/microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/microbiology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*physiology ; Ligands ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity ; Listeria monocytogenes/growth & development/immunology/isolation & purification ; Listeriosis/*immunology/microbiology ; Liver/microbiology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology ; Mice ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Precursors/biosynthesis/genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Serum Albumin/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Spleen/microbiology ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis ; alpha-Defensins/*biosynthesis/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    An entomopathogenic fungus for control of adult African malaria mosquitoes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: Biological control of malaria mosquitoes in Africa has rarely been used in vector control programs. Recent developments in this field show that certain fungi are virulent to adult Anopheles mosquitoes. Practical delivery of an entomopathogenic fungus that infected and killed adult Anopheles gambiae, Africa's main malaria vector, was achieved in rural African village houses. An entomological inoculation rate model suggests that implementation of this vector control method, even at the observed moderate coverage during a field study in Tanzania, would significantly reduce malaria transmission intensity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scholte, Ernst-Jan -- Ng'habi, Kija -- Kihonda, Japheth -- Takken, Willem -- Paaijmans, Krijn -- Abdulla, Salim -- Killeen, Gerry F -- Knols, Bart G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1641-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Post Office Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Culex/microbiology/physiology ; Female ; Housing ; *Hypocreales/pathogenicity/physiology ; Insect Vectors/*microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Longevity ; Malaria/prevention & control/transmission ; Male ; *Mitosporic Fungi/pathogenicity/physiology ; Models, Biological ; *Pest Control, Biological ; Plasmodium ; Spores, Fungal ; Tanzania
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Physiology. Boosting gene extends mouse life span (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1310-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/*genetics ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Female ; Glucuronidase ; Insulin/blood/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism ; Longevity/*genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/blood/*genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Veterans affairs. Gene bank proposal draws support--and a competitor (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):684-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Specimen Banks ; Blood Specimen Collection ; *Dna ; *Databases, Genetic ; Genetic Privacy ; Humans ; *Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; New York ; United States ; *United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; *Universities ; *Veterans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kone-Cni, Vladimir J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1873-5; author reply 1873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Iraq ; *Prisoners ; *Psychology, Social ; *Torture ; United States ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Communication. Social values and the governance of science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaskell, George -- Einsiedel, Edna -- Hallman, William -- Priest, Susanna Hornig -- Jackson, Jonathan -- Olsthoorn, Johannus -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1908-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Methodology Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK. g.gaskell@lse.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Canada ; Data Collection ; Europe ; Food, Genetically Modified ; Public Opinion ; *Public Policy ; *Science ; *Social Values ; Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Gender-specific reproductive tissue in ratites and Tyrannosaurus rex (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: Unambiguous indicators of gender in dinosaurs are usually lost during fossilization, along with other aspects of soft tissue anatomy. We report the presence of endosteally derived bone tissues lining the interior marrow cavities of portions of Tyrannosaurus rex (Museum of the Rockies specimen number 1125) hindlimb elements, and we hypothesize that these tissues are homologous to specialized avian tissues known as medullary bone. Because medullary bone is unique to female birds, its discovery in extinct dinosaurs solidifies the link between dinosaurs and birds, suggests similar reproductive strategies, and provides an objective means of gender differentiation in dinosaurs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schweitzer, Mary H -- Wittmeyer, Jennifer L -- Horner, John R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1456-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. schweitzer@ncsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933198" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/*anatomy & histology/ultrastructure ; Chickens/anatomy & histology ; Dinosaurs/*anatomy & histology ; Dromaiidae/anatomy & histology ; Female ; Femur/anatomy & histology ; Male ; Palaeognathae/*anatomy & histology ; Reproduction ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sex Determination Analysis ; Struthioniformes/anatomy & histology
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    Drug safety. FDA panel urges caution on many anti-inflammatory drugs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Advisory Committees ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced/epidemiology ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; *Drug Labeling ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; Humans ; Isoxazoles/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Lactones/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Pyrazoles/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Stroke/chemically induced/epidemiology ; Sulfonamides/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Sulfones/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; United States ; *United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Asian scientists and the "glass ceiling" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, Dianhua -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1767-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16363028" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia/ethnology ; *Asian Americans ; *Career Mobility ; *Foreign Professional Personnel ; Humans ; Science/*manpower ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    High-risk research. Six women among 13 NIH 'Pioneers' (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2149.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Awards and Prizes ; *Biomedical Research ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Women
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The last great apes? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jolly, Alison -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1457.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141032" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Hominidae/psychology ; Male
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Animal behavior. Strong personalities can pose problems in the mating game (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):694-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aggression ; Animals ; *Arthropods/physiology ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Birds/physiology ; Female ; Heteroptera/physiology ; Male ; Paternal Behavior ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Smegmamorpha/physiology ; Spiders/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Transoceanic migration, spatial dynamics, and population linkages of white sharks (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: The large-scale spatial dynamics and population structure of marine top predators are poorly known. We present electronic tag and photographic identification data showing a complex suite of behavioral patterns in white sharks. These include coastal return migrations and the fastest known transoceanic return migration among swimming fauna, which provide direct evidence of a link between widely separated populations in South Africa and Australia. Transoceanic return migration involved a return to the original capture location, dives to depths of 980 meters, and the tolerance of water temperatures as low as 3.4 degrees C. These findings contradict previous ideas that female white sharks do not make transoceanic migrations, and they suggest natal homing behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bonfil, Ramon -- Meyer, Michael -- Scholl, Michael C -- Johnson, Ryan -- O'Brien, Shannon -- Oosthuizen, Herman -- Swanson, Stephan -- Kotze, Deon -- Paterson, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):100-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA. rbonfil@wcs.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Identification Systems ; *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Australia ; Behavior, Animal ; Cues ; Female ; Homing Behavior ; Indian Ocean ; Male ; Population Dynamics ; Satellite Communications ; Sex Characteristics ; Sharks/*physiology ; South Africa ; Swimming ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    AIDS research. IOM panel clears HIV prevention study (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):334.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; *Clinical Trials as Topic/standards ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/*prevention & control/*transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.) ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nevirapine/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Pilot Projects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy ; Uganda ; United States
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    Global circumnavigations: tracking year-round ranges of nonbreeding albatrosses (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-18
    Description: Although albatrosses are paradigms of oceanic specialization, their foraging areas and migration routes when not breeding remain essentially unknown. Our continuous remote tracking of 22 adult gray-headed albatrosses for over 30 bird-years reveals three distinct strategies: (i) Stay in breeding home range; (ii) make return migrations to a specific area of the southwest Indian Ocean; and (iii) make one or more global circumnavigations (the fastest in just 46 days). The consistencies in patterns, routes, and timings offer the first hope of identifying areas of critical habitat for nonbreeding albatrosses, wherein appropriate management of longline fisheries might alleviate the plight of the world's most threatened family of birds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Croxall, John P -- Silk, Janet R D -- Phillips, Richard A -- Afanasyev, Vsevolod -- Briggs, Dirk R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):249-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK. jpcr@bas.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Birds/*physiology ; Breeding ; Environment ; Female ; *Homing Behavior ; Male ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Sex Characteristics
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    Ecology. North Atlantic right whales in crisis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kraus, Scott D -- Brown, Moira W -- Caswell, Hal -- Clark, Christopher W -- Fujiwara, Masami -- Hamilton, Philip K -- Kenney, Robert D -- Knowlton, Amy R -- Landry, Scott -- Mayo, Charles A -- McLellan, William A -- Moore, Michael J -- Nowacek, Douglas P -- Pabst, D Ann -- Read, Andrew J -- Rolland, Rosalind M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):561-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Edgerton Research Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA 02110-3399, USA. skraus@neaq.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040692" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; Fisheries ; Male ; Mortality ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Public Policy ; Reproduction ; Ships ; *Whales/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Reproductive biology. A powerful first KiSS-1 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):551-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/cytology/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/physiology/secretion ; Humans ; Hypogonadism/genetics ; Kisspeptins ; Leptin/genetics/physiology ; Male ; Mutation ; Neurons/physiology ; Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Puberty/*physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Receptors, Leptin ; Receptors, Neuropeptide/genetics/*physiology ; Reproduction ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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    A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-12
    Description: Most protein phosphatases have little intrinsic substrate specificity, making selective pharmacological inhibition of specific dephosphorylation reactions a challenging problem. In a screen for small molecules that protect cells from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we identified salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha). Salubrinal also blocks eIF2alpha dephosphorylation mediated by a herpes simplex virus protein and inhibits viral replication. These results suggest that selective chemical inhibitors of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation may be useful in diseases involving ER stress or viral infection. More broadly, salubrinal demonstrates the feasibility of selective pharmacological targeting of cellular dephosphorylation events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boyce, Michael -- Bryant, Kevin F -- Jousse, Celine -- Long, Kai -- Harding, Heather P -- Scheuner, Donalyn -- Kaufman, Randal J -- Ma, Dawei -- Coen, Donald M -- Ron, David -- Yuan, Junying -- AI19838/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI26077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DDK42394/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK47119/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- ES08681/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM64703/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS35138/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37-AG012859/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):935-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation ; Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cinnamates/*pharmacology/toxicity ; *Cytoprotection ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/*metabolism ; Genes, Reporter ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/drug effects/physiology ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy/virology ; Male ; Mice ; Oxazoles/pharmacology/toxicity ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Phosphatase 1 ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Thiourea/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Replication/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Nanotechnology. Calls rise for more research on toxicology of nanomaterials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1609.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *Environment ; Financing, Government ; Great Britain ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Nanostructures/*toxicity ; *Nanotechnology ; Occupational Exposure ; *Research ; United States
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    Structural biology. Structural genomics, round 2 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1554-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Automation ; Biomedical Technology ; Budgets ; Computer Simulation ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; *Genomics/economics/instrumentation/methods ; Models, Molecular ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification ; *Proteomics/economics/instrumentation/methods ; Robotics ; United States
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    Genetics. In voles, a little extra DNA makes for faithful mates (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1533.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/*genetics/physiology/psychology ; *Behavior, Animal ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Male ; *Microsatellite Repeats ; Pair Bond ; Paternal Behavior ; Receptors, Vasopressin/*genetics/metabolism ; *Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Research funding. Centers of attention: NSF takes fresh look at their proliferation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):943-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15890857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; *Research Support as Topic ; Science/education ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Stem cells. Deriving 'controversy-free' ES cells is controversial (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):416-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/cytology ; *Cell Line ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Research/economics/*ethics ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Female ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Mice ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; *Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Research Support as Topic ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Pediatric medicine. Europe follows U.S. in testing drugs for children (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bosch, Xavier -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1799.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Child ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Drug Approval ; *European Union ; Humans ; *Legislation, Drug ; *Pediatrics ; United States
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    National Institutes of Health. NIH aims to create 'homes' for clinical science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):422-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/education/*organization & administration ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Arguing about the use of stem cells (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bradford, Barry -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Beginning of Human Life ; Christianity ; Embryo Research/*ethics ; Humans ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Neandertals revisited meeting. The question of sex (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culotta, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):841.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705826" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis ; Female ; Fossils ; Hominidae/classification/*genetics ; Humans ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; *Sexual Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Biodefense. Critics question proposed countermeasures agency (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):755.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16272086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Access to Information ; *Anti-Infective Agents ; *Bioterrorism ; Communicable Diseases/drug therapy ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services/*legislation & ; jurisprudence/*organization & administration ; *Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    DISC1 and PDE4B are interacting genetic factors in schizophrenia that regulate cAMP signaling (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-19
    Description: The disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene is a candidate susceptibility factor for schizophrenia, but its mechanistic role in the disorder is unknown. Here we report that the gene encoding phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) is disrupted by a balanced translocation in a subject diagnosed with schizophrenia and a relative with chronic psychiatric illness. The PDEs inactivate adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), a second messenger implicated in learning, memory, and mood. We show that DISC1 interacts with the UCR2 domain of PDE4B and that elevation of cellular cAMP leads to dissociation of PDE4B from DISC1 and an increase in PDE4B activity. We propose a mechanistic model whereby DISC1 sequesters PDE4B in resting cells and releases it in an activated state in response to elevated cAMP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millar, J Kirsty -- Pickard, Benjamin S -- Mackie, Shaun -- James, Rachel -- Christie, Sheila -- Buchanan, Sebastienne R -- Malloy, M Pat -- Chubb, Jennifer E -- Huston, Elaine -- Baillie, George S -- Thomson, Pippa A -- Hill, Elaine V -- Brandon, Nicholas J -- Rain, Jean-Christophe -- Camargo, L Miguel -- Whiting, Paul J -- Houslay, Miles D -- Blackwood, Douglas H R -- Muir, Walter J -- Porteous, David J -- G8604010/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 18;310(5751):1187-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Genetics Section, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK. Kirsty.Millar@ed.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16293762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/*genetics/metabolism ; Adult ; Affective Disorders, Psychotic/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; Cyclic AMP/*metabolism ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 ; Enzyme Activation ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/enzymology/*genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Epidemiology. Regulations spark technology competition (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Granmar, Marie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1860.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790824" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollution/*prevention & control ; Filtration/instrumentation ; *Gasoline ; Government Regulation ; *Industry ; Particle Size ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; Vehicle Emissions/*prevention & control/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. budget. NIH set for tiny spending hike in 2006 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1256.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311303" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Budgets/legislation & jurisprudence ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Public health. Pandemic or not, experts welcome Bush flu plan (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):952-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antiviral Agents/*supply & distribution ; Cell Line ; *Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/growth & development/immunology/pathogenicity ; Influenza A virus/growth & development/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/*economics ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy/*epidemiology/prevention & control/*virology ; United States ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Virology. Resurrected influenza virus yields secrets of deadly 1918 pandemic (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):28-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Animals ; Bioterrorism ; Chick Embryo/virology ; Containment of Biohazards ; Disease Outbreaks/history ; Editorial Policies ; *Genes, Viral ; Genome, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*metabolism ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A virus/*genetics/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/history/*virology ; Mice ; Neuraminidase/genetics/metabolism ; Publishing ; RNA Replicase/genetics/metabolism ; United States ; Virulence ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bioinformatics. With a stumble, Microsoft launches European research project (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):828.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes/economics ; *Computational Biology ; *Computers ; Europe ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Conflict of interest. Forty-four researchers broke NIH consulting rules (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):546.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conflict of Interest ; *Consultants ; *Ethics, Professional ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Personnel/*ethics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Space science. NASA starts squeezing to fit missions into tight budget (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1594-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Science Disciplines ; *Budgets ; Financing, Government ; Natural Science Disciplines ; *Research/economics ; *Space Flight/economics ; Spacecraft ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/*economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    PERIOD1-associated proteins modulate the negative limb of the mammalian circadian oscillator (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-30
    Description: The clock proteins PERIOD1 (PER1) and PERIOD2 (PER2) play essential roles in a negative transcriptional feedback loop that generates circadian rhythms in mammalian cells. We identified two PER1-associated factors, NONO and WDR5, that modulate PER activity. The reduction of NONO expression by RNA interference (RNAi) attenuated circadian rhythms in mammalian cells, and fruit flies carrying a hypomorphic allele were nearly arrhythmic. WDR5, a subunit of histone methyltransferase complexes, augmented PER-mediated transcriptional repression, and its reduction by RNAi diminished circadian histone methylations at the promoter of a clock gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, Steven A -- Ripperger, Juergen -- Kadener, Sebastian -- Fleury-Olela, Fabienne -- Vilbois, Francis -- Rosbash, Michael -- Schibler, Ueli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 29;308(5722):693-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCR) Frontiers in Genetics, Sciences III, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva-4, Switzerland. steven.brown@molbio.unige.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; *Circadian Rhythm ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histones/metabolism ; Immunoprecipitation ; Male ; Methylation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism/physiology ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1 ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Rats ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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    Space and earth sciences. Budget woes greet NASA science chief (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1165.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy ; Biological Science Disciplines ; *Budgets ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Research ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/history/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genetics. Spliced gene determines objects of flies' desire (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1392.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain ; *Courtship ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Female ; Ganglia, Invertebrate ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; *RNA Splicing ; Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Developmental biology. Endocrine disrupters trigger fertility problems in multiple generations (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1391-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgen Antagonists/*toxicity ; Animals ; Endocrine Glands/*drug effects ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects ; Female ; Fertility/*drug effects/genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/chemically induced/genetics ; Inheritance Patterns ; Insecticides/*toxicity ; Male ; Methoxychlor/*toxicity ; Oxazoles/*toxicity ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Taxonomy. Taxonomy's elusive grail (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1038.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Classification ; Costa Rica ; Financial Support ; *Phylogeny ; Sweden ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Persaud, Raj -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1873-5; author reply 1873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Iraq ; Military Personnel/*psychology ; Politics ; *Prisoners ; *Psychology, Social ; Torture/*psychology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Revisiting the taxonomic impediment (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Carvalho, Marcelo R -- Bockmann, Flavio A -- Amorim, Dalton S -- de Vivo, Mario -- de Toledo-Piza, Monica -- Menezes, Naercio A -- de Figueiredo, Jose L -- Castro, Ricardo M C -- Gill, Anthony C -- McEachran, John D -- Compagno, Leonard J V -- Schelly, Robert C -- Britz, Ralf -- Lundberg, John G -- Vari, Richard P -- Nelson, Gareth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):353.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; Biology/education/manpower ; *Classification ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Developing Countries ; Latin America ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Aggressive, or just looking for a good mate? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aisenberg, Anita D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1491.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aggression ; Animals ; Female ; Male ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Spiders/*physiology
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    U.S. military facilities. Pathology institute hit in base-closing plan (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 20;308(5725):1101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15905373" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Specimen Banks ; *Military Medicine ; Museums ; *Pathology ; United States
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    Multiple transatlantic introductions of the western corn rootworm (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: The invasion of Europe by the western corn rootworm, North America's most destructive corn pest, is ongoing and represents a serious threat to European agriculture. Because this pest was initially introduced in Central Europe, it was believed that subsequent outbreaks in Western Europe originated from this area. Using model-based Bayesian analyses of the genetic variability of the western corn rootworm, we demonstrate that this belief is false: There have been at least three independent introductions from North America during the past two decades. This result raises questions about changing circumstances that have enabled a sudden burst of transatlantic introductions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Nicholas -- Estoup, Arnaud -- Toepfer, Stefan -- Bourguet, Denis -- Lapchin, Laurent -- Derridj, Sylvie -- Kim, Kyung Seok -- Reynaud, Philippe -- Furlan, Lorenzo -- Guillemaud, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):992.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biologie des Populations en Interaction, Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1112 Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; *Beetles/genetics ; Computer Simulation ; Europe ; Genetic Variation ; Insect Control ; Microsatellite Repeats ; North America ; Population Dynamics ; United States ; *Zea mays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NASA. Life science research on space station is headed for big cuts (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 29;308(5722):610-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astronauts ; *Biological Science Disciplines ; Humans ; *Research/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; *Space Flight ; *Spacecraft ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Asian scientists and the "glass ceiling" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pike, Linda J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1767-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16363030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia/ethnology ; *Asian Americans ; *Career Mobility ; *Foreign Professional Personnel ; Humans ; Science/*manpower ; *Societies, Scientific/organization & administration ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Nurturing the next Einsteins (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alexander, Lamar -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1013.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718431" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Science Disciplines ; Education, Graduate ; Engineering/*education ; Natural Science Disciplines/*education ; *Research ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Gene therapy. Panel urges limits on X-SCID trials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1544-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Animals ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/*therapy ; *Genetic Therapy/adverse effects ; Genetic Vectors ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, T-Cell/etiology ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/*therapy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Conflicts of interest. NIH scientists raise fuss about scope of new rules (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1390.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conflict of Interest ; Consultants ; Drug Industry ; Investments ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*ethics ; Research Personnel/*ethics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bacterial immunity traded for sperm viability in male crickets (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-24
    Description: The notion that a trade-off exists between immunity and reproduction is now a central concept in theories of sexual selection. However, whether such a trade-off exists between immunity and gamete viability has not been established. Here we show that genetic variance for high levels of an immune response required to fight bacterial infections is associated with genetic variance for low sperm viability. These data have implications for our understanding of sexual selection mechanisms and of reproductive costs in male longevity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, Leigh W -- Roberts, Benjamin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):2031.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Evolutionary Biology Research Group, School of Animal Biology (M092), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. lsimmons@cyllene.uwa.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16179472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Gryllidae/genetics/*immunology/*physiology ; Hemocytes/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular ; Male ; Micrococcus/*immunology ; Muramidase/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Reproduction ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-15
    Description: The ancestry of modern Europeans is a subject of debate among geneticists, archaeologists, and anthropologists. A crucial question is the extent to which Europeans are descended from the first European farmers in the Neolithic Age 7500 years ago or from Paleolithic hunter-gatherers who were present in Europe since 40,000 years ago. Here we present an analysis of ancient DNA from early European farmers. We successfully extracted and sequenced intact stretches of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from 24 out of 57 Neolithic skeletons from various locations in Germany, Austria, and Hungary. We found that 25% of the Neolithic farmers had one characteristic mtDNA type and that this type formerly was widespread among Neolithic farmers in Central Europe. Europeans today have a 150-times lower frequency (0.2%) of this mtDNA type, revealing that these first Neolithic farmers did not have a strong genetic influence on modern European female lineages. Our finding lends weight to a proposed Paleolithic ancestry for modern Europeans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haak, Wolfgang -- Forster, Peter -- Bramanti, Barbara -- Matsumura, Shuichi -- Brandt, Guido -- Tanzer, Marc -- Villems, Richard -- Renfrew, Colin -- Gronenborn, Detlef -- Alt, Kurt Werner -- Burger, Joachim -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):1016-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Anthropologie, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. haakw@uni-mainz.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*history ; Austria ; Base Sequence ; Computer Simulation ; Cultural Evolution ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/classification/*genetics/history ; Emigration and Immigration ; Europe ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics/history ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Drift ; Genetics, Population ; Germany ; Haplotypes ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Hungary ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population Dynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global voices of science. Teaching evolution in Mexico: preaching to the choir (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lazcano, Antonio -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):787-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 70-407, Cd. Universitaria, Mexico D.F., 04510 Mexico. alar@correo.unam.mx〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16272103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Biology/*education ; *Catholicism ; Christianity ; International Cooperation ; Mexico ; Origin of Life ; *Religion and Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Diversity. Summers's comments draw attention to gender, racial gaps (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):492-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Choice ; Career Mobility ; *Engineering ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Male ; *Prejudice ; *Science ; *Sex Characteristics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    An open letter to Elias Zerhouni (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altman, Sidney -- Bassler, Bonnie L -- Beckwith, Jon -- Belfort, Marlene -- Berg, Howard C -- Bloom, Barry -- Brenchley, Jean E -- Campbell, Allan -- Collier, R John -- Connell, Nancy -- Cozzarelli, Nicholas R -- Craig, Nancy L -- Darst, Seth -- Ebright, Richard H -- Elledge, Stephen J -- Falkow, Stanley -- Galan, Jorge E -- Gottesman, Max -- Gourse, Richard -- Grindley, Nigel D F -- Gross, Carol A -- Grossman, Alan -- Hochschild, Ann -- Howe, Martha -- Hurwitz, Jerard -- Isberg, Ralph R -- Kaplan, Samuel -- Kornberg, Arthur -- Kustu, Sydney G -- Landick, Robert C -- Landy, Arthur -- Levy, Stuart B -- Losick, Richard -- Long, Sharon R -- Maloy, Stanley R -- Mekalanos, John J -- Neidhardt, Frederick C -- Pace, Norman R -- Ptashne, Mark -- Roberts, Jeffrey W -- Roth, John R -- Rothman-Denes, Lucia B -- Salyers, Abigail -- Schaechter, Moselio -- Shapiro, Lucy -- Silhavy, Thomas J -- Simon, Melvin I -- Walker, Graham -- Yanofsky, Charles -- Zinder, Norton -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1409-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Warfare ; *Biomedical Research/economics ; *Bioterrorism ; Financing, Government ; *Microbiology ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review, Research ; Public Health ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genetics. Harvesting medical information from the human family tree (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altshuler, David -- Clark, Andrew G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1052-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. altshuler@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/*genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Databases, Genetic ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; *Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Recombination, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. military installations. Base commission alters Pentagon's wishes on labs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- Kintisch, Eli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1472.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes ; *Advisory Committees ; *Military Medicine ; *Pathology ; United States ; *United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Wanted: women in clinical trials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, Viviana -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1517.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947140" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Research Design ; Research Support as Topic ; *Sex Characteristics ; United States ; *Women ; Women's Health
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    What can be done to stop the decline? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lederman, Leon M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 1;309(5731):51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administrative Personnel ; *Education ; Science ; Technology ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    fgf20 is essential for initiating zebrafish fin regeneration (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: Epimorphic regeneration requires the presence or creation of pluripotent cells capable of reproducing lost organs. Zebrafish fin regeneration is mediated by the creation of blastema cells. Here, we characterize the devoid of blastema (dob) mutant that fails fin regeneration during initial steps, forms abnormal regeneration epithelium, and does not form blastema. This mutation has no impact on embryonic survival. Dob results from an fgf20a null mutation, Y148S. Fgf20a is expressed during initiation of fin regeneration at the epithelial-mesenchymal boundary and later overlaps with the blastema marker msxb. Thus, fgf20a has a regeneration-specific requirement, initiating fin regeneration, and controlling blastema formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whitehead, Geoffrey G -- Makino, Shinji -- Lien, Ching-Ling -- Keating, Mark T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1957-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Extremities ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/*physiology ; Homeodomain Proteins/biosynthesis ; Male ; Mesoderm ; Mutation ; Regeneration/genetics/*physiology ; Temperature ; Wound Healing ; Zebrafish ; Zebrafish Proteins/biosynthesis/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genetics. Motivating hotspots (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-15
    Description: Only recently have we begun to characterize fine-scale recombination rates in mammals. In her Perspective, Przeworski discusses the work by Myers et al. in which linkage disequilibrium data have been used to produce a high-resolution recombination map for most of the human genome. More than 25,000 putative hotspots have been identified, as well as the first motifs that appear to influence their intensity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Przeworski, Molly -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):247-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 East 57th Street, 507F CLSC, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. mfp@uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, X ; Female ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; Recombination, Genetic/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Microsatellite instability generates diversity in brain and sociobehavioral traits (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: Repetitive microsatellites mutate at relatively high rates and may contribute to the rapid evolution of species-typical traits. We show that individual alleles of a repetitive polymorphic microsatellite in the 5' region of the prairie vole vasopressin 1a receptor (avpr1a) gene modify gene expression in vitro. In vivo, we observe that this regulatory polymorphism predicts both individual differences in receptor distribution patterns and socio-behavioral traits. These data suggest that individual differences in gene expression patterns may be conferred via polymorphic microsatellites in the cis-regulatory regions of genes and may contribute to normal variation in behavioral traits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammock, Elizabeth A D -- Young, Larry J -- MH56897/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH64692/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH67397/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RR00165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1630-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Anxiety ; Arvicolinae/*genetics/physiology/psychology ; Base Sequence ; *Behavior, Animal ; Brain/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Reporter ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Grooming ; Male ; *Microsatellite Repeats ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Odors ; Pair Bond ; Paternal Behavior ; Receptors, Vasopressin/*genetics/metabolism ; *Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Problems in patenting human genes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murashige, Kate H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 24;308(5730):1868-70; author reply 1868-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; Public Policy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global impact of recreational fisheries (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arlinghaus, Robert -- Cooke, Steven J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1561-3; author reply 1561-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15765561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Fresh Water ; Internationality ; Population Dynamics ; *Recreation ; Seawater ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NASA: back to eating seed corn (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1245.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311301" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; Mars ; Moon ; *Research ; *Space Flight ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space ; Administration/economics/organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Musch, David C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1873-5; author reply 1873-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Dissent and Disputes ; Humans ; Iraq ; Peer Group ; *Prisoners ; *Social Conformity ; *Torture ; United States ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Interindividual variation in posture allocation: possible role in human obesity (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: Obesity occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Humans expend energy through purposeful exercise and through changes in posture and movement that are associated with the routines of daily life [called nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)]. To examine NEAT's role in obesity, we recruited 10 lean and 10 mildly obese sedentary volunteers and measured their body postures and movements every half-second for 10 days. Obese individuals were seated, on average, 2 hours longer per day than lean individuals. Posture allocation did not change when the obese individuals lost weight or when lean individuals gained weight, suggesting that it is biologically determined. If obese individuals adopted the NEAT-enhanced behaviors of their lean counterparts, they might expend an additional 350 calories (kcal) per day.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, James A -- Lanningham-Foster, Lorraine M -- McCrady, Shelly K -- Krizan, Alisa C -- Olson, Leslie R -- Kane, Paul H -- Jensen, Michael D -- Clark, Matthew M -- DK56650/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK63226/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK66270/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR00585/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):584-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Jim@Mayo.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; *Body Weight ; Energy Intake ; *Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Motor Activity ; *Movement ; Obesity/*physiopathology ; Overnutrition ; Pilot Projects ; *Posture ; *Thermogenesis ; Weight Gain ; Weight Loss
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The science of social diseases (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dye, Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):181.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Baltic States/epidemiology ; *Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services Research ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Russia/epidemiology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Tuberculosis/*epidemiology/prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A European CDC? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wigzell, Hans -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1691.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Communicable Disease Control/economics/*organization & administration ; European Union/economics/*organization & administration ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; *Public Health ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Twilight for the Enlightenment? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):165.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; Biomedical Research/*trends ; Christianity ; Education/*trends ; Europe ; Politics ; Public Policy ; *Religion and Science ; Teaching ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Social Security meets race (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liebman, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):1965.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16179435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *African Americans ; *Health ; Humans ; Income ; *Life Expectancy ; *Privatization/economics ; Social Security/*economics ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Conservation policy. House revises Endangered Species Act (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Eric -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Public Policy ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Observing others: multiple action representation in the frontal lobe (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-15
    Description: Observation of actions performed by others activates monkey ventral premotor cortex, where action meaning, but not object identity, is coded. In a functional MRI (fMRI) study, we investigated whether other monkey frontal areas respond to actions performed by others. Observation of a hand grasping objects activated four frontal areas: rostral F5 and areas 45B, 45A, and 46. Observation of an individual grasping an object also activated caudal F5, which indicates different degrees of action abstraction in F5. Observation of shapes activated area 45, but not premotor F5. Convergence of object and action information in area 45 may be important for full comprehension of actions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelissen, Koen -- Luppino, Giuseppe -- Vanduffel, Wim -- Rizzolatti, Giacomo -- Orban, Guy A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):332-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorium voor Neuro-en Psychofysiologie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Medical School, Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Macaca mulatta ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Motor Activity ; Neurons/physiology ; Videotape Recording
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bone quality fills holes in fracture risk (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1580.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947173" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aging ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Bone Density ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone and Bones/*cytology/pathology/*physiology ; Female ; Finite Element Analysis ; Fractures, Bone/*etiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Osteoblasts/physiology ; Osteoclasts/physiology ; Osteoporosis/pathology/*physiopathology ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/pathology/*physiopathology ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Characteristics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Wolbachia establishment and invasion in an Aedes aegypti laboratory population (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-15
    Description: A proposed strategy to aid in controlling the growing burden of vector-borne disease is population replacement, in which a natural vector population is replaced by a population with a reduced capacity for disease transmission. An important component of such a strategy is the drive system, which serves to spread a desired genotype into the targeted field population. Endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria are potential transgene drivers, but infections do not naturally occur in some important mosquito vectors, notably Aedes aegypti. In this work, stable infections of wAlbB Wolbachia were established in A. aegypti and caused high rates of cytoplasmic incompatibility (that is, elimination of egg hatch). Laboratory cage tests demonstrated the ability of wAlbB to spread into an A. aegypti population after seeding of an uninfected population with infected females, reaching infection fixation within seven generations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xi, Zhiyong -- Khoo, Cynthia C H -- Dobson, Stephen L -- AI-51533/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):326-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*microbiology ; Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Insect Vectors/microbiology ; Male ; Pest Control, Biological ; Reproduction ; Wolbachia/*physiology
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    Whole-genome patterns of common DNA variation in three human populations (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: Individual differences in DNA sequence are the genetic basis of human variability. We have characterized whole-genome patterns of common human DNA variation by genotyping 1,586,383 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 71 Americans of European, African, and Asian ancestry. Our results indicate that these SNPs capture most common genetic variation as a result of linkage disequilibrium, the correlation among common SNP alleles. We observe a strong correlation between extended regions of linkage disequilibrium and functional genomic elements. Our data provide a tool for exploring many questions that remain regarding the causal role of common human DNA variation in complex human traits and for investigating the nature of genetic variation within and between human populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hinds, David A -- Stuve, Laura L -- Nilsen, Geoffrey B -- Halperin, Eran -- Eskin, Eleazar -- Ballinger, Dennis G -- Frazer, Kelly A -- Cox, David R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1072-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Perlegen Sciences Inc., 2021 Stierlin Court, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/*genetics ; Algorithms ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Databases, Genetic ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Recombination, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Cyberinfrastructure for e-Science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-10
    Description: Here we describe the requirements of an e-Infrastructure to enable faster, better, and different scientific research capabilities. We use two application exemplars taken from the United Kingdom's e-Science Programme to illustrate these requirements and make the case for a service-oriented infrastructure. We provide a brief overview of the UK "plug-and-play composable services" vision and the role of semantics in such an e-Infrastructure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hey, Tony -- Trefethen, Anne E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 6;308(5723):817-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1ET, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15879209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; *Computational Biology ; *Computer Communication Networks ; *Computing Methodologies ; Databases as Topic ; Graves Disease/genetics ; *Internet ; *Research ; *Software ; Williams Syndrome/genetics
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    Expanded repeat in canine epilepsy (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-08
    Description: Epilepsy afflicts 1% of humans and 5% of dogs. We report a canine epilepsy mutation and evidence for the existence of repeat-expansion disease outside humans. A canid-specific unstable dodecamer repeat in the Epm2b (Nhlrc1) gene recurrently expands, causing a fatal epilepsy and contributing to the high incidence of canine epilepsy. Tracing the repeat origins revealed two successive events, starting 50 million years ago, unique to canid evolution. A genetic test, presented here, will allow carrier and presymptomatic diagnosis and disease eradication. Clinicopathologic characterization establishes affected animals as a model for Lafora disease, the most severe teenage-onset human epilepsy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lohi, Hannes -- Young, Edwin J -- Fitzmaurice, Susan N -- Rusbridge, Clare -- Chan, Elayne M -- Vervoort, Mike -- Turnbull, Julie -- Zhao, Xiao-Chu -- Ianzano, Leonarda -- Paterson, Andrew D -- Sutter, Nathan B -- Ostrander, Elaine A -- Andre, Catherine -- Shelton, G Diane -- Ackerley, Cameron A -- Scherer, Stephen W -- Minassian, Berge A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; *DNA Repeat Expansion ; Dog Diseases/*genetics ; Dogs/*genetics ; Female ; Lafora Disease/genetics/*veterinary ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Identification of the sex pheromone of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: The sex pheromone of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, has been characterized as gentisyl quinone isovalerate. This cockroach is a major cause of allergic disease and serves as a mechanical vector of pathogens, making it one of the most important residential and food-associated pests worldwide. The sex pheromone-producing gland in adult females was identified in 1993, but thermal instability of the pheromone made characterization difficult. Now, using a new preparative gas chromatography approach coupled with electroantennographic detection, we have isolated and characterized the pheromone, which we term blattellaquinone, and confirmed the identification by chemical synthesis. The synthetic pheromone was active in behavioral assays and highly effective in field trapping tests, which suggest that it may provide a new tool in cockroach population detection, monitoring, and control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nojima, Satoshi -- Schal, Coby -- Webster, Francis X -- Santangelo, Richard G -- Roelofs, Wendell L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1104-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Blattellidae/*chemistry/physiology ; Chromatography, Gas ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Electrodes ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Molecular Weight ; Quinones/chemical synthesis/*chemistry/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Sense Organs/drug effects/physiology ; Sex Attractants/chemical synthesis/*chemistry/*isolation & ; purification/pharmacology
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    Environmental health. Debate continues over safety of water spiked with rocket fuel (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):507.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects/embryology ; Female ; Humans ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; Perchlorates/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Risk Assessment ; Thyroid Gland/drug effects ; Thyroid Hormones/metabolism ; Toxicity Tests ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; *Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Let's talk about sex--and drugs (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1578.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Approval ; Female ; Humans ; Placebo Effect ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/*drug therapy ; Testosterone/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 94
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    Embryonic stem cells. Moderate Republican led the winning coalition (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1389.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Federal Government ; Humans ; Politics ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 95
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    Protecting privacy of human subjects (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roche, Patricia A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1200-1; author reply 1200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Genetic Privacy ; Genetic Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ; Humans ; *Privacy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 96
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    Avian flu. First human case in Cambodia highlights surveillance shortcomings (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1027.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology ; Cambodia/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Female ; Humans ; *Influenza A virus ; Influenza in Birds/*epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/transmission/*virology ; Male ; *Population Surveillance ; Poultry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    Public health. Provocative study says obesity may reduce U.S. life expectancy (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mann, Charles C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1716-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Expectancy/*trends ; Male ; Mortality ; Obesity/complications/*epidemiology ; Public Health ; United States/epidemiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Neural systems responding to degrees of uncertainty in human decision-making (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-13
    Description: Much is known about how people make decisions under varying levels of probability (risk). Less is known about the neural basis of decision-making when probabilities are uncertain because of missing information (ambiguity). In decision theory, ambiguity about probabilities should not affect choices. Using functional brain imaging, we show that the level of ambiguity in choices correlates positively with activation in the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, and negatively with a striatal system. Moreover, striatal activity correlates positively with expected reward. Neurological subjects with orbitofrontal lesions were insensitive to the level of ambiguity and risk in behavioral choices. These data suggest a general neural circuit responding to degrees of uncertainty, contrary to decision theory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsu, Ming -- Bhatt, Meghana -- Adolphs, Ralph -- Tranel, Daniel -- Camerer, Colin F -- P01 NS19632/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH067681/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1680-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, 228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amygdala/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Diseases/physiopathology/psychology ; Brain Mapping ; Confidence Intervals ; Corpus Striatum/physiology ; *Decision Making ; Decision Theory ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Likelihood Functions ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Mental Processes ; Probability ; Reward ; Risk ; *Uncertainty
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    The perils of increased aquaculture (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mann, David A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Aquaculture ; Oceans and Seas ; *Public Policy ; *Seafood ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Marburger makes his position clear (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marburger, John H 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):515.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Politics ; *Research Personnel ; *Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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