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  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (550)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (381)
  • 1975-1979  (931)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1978  (931)
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  • 1
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    A parametric experimental study of the slotted-wall boundary condition (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-22
    Beschreibung: An experimental study of slotted upper and lower walls in a two dimensional transonic wind tunnel with solid sidewalls is reported. Results are presented for several slot spacings and slot openness ratios. The experimental data were pressure measurements which were made on an airfoil model and on a sidewall near one of the slotted walls. The slotted-wall boundary condition coefficient, which related the pressure and streamline curvature near the wall, was determined from the wall pressure measurements. The measured wall-induced interference was correlated with the experimental values for the boundary condition coefficient. This correlation was compared with theory.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 2; p 459-471
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  • 2
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    A procedure for analyzing transonic flow over harmonically oscillating airfoils (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-22
    Beschreibung: Finite difference procedures were successfully used to solve the steady transonic flow about airfoils and appear to provide a practical means for calculating the corresponding unsteady flow. The purpose of the paper is to describe a finite difference procedure derived from the equations for the potential flow by assuming small perturbations and harmonic motion. The velocity potential is divided into steady and unsteady parts, and the resulting unsteady equation is linearized on the basis of small amplitudes of oscillation. The steady velocity potential, which must be calculated first, is described by the classical nonlinear transonic differential equation.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 2; p 657-670
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  • 3
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    Section drag coefficients from pressure probe transverses of a wing wake at low speeds (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-22
    Beschreibung: An in-flight wing wake section drag investigation was conducted using traversing pitot and static probes. The primary objective was to develop measurement techniques and improve the accuracy of in-flight wing profile drag measurements for low values of dynamic pressure and Reynolds number. Data were obtained on a sailplane for speeds from about 40 knots to 125 knots at chord Reynolds numbers between 1,000,000 and 3,000,000. Tests were conducted with zero flap deflection, deflected flaps, and various degrees of surface roughness, and for smooth and rough atmospheric conditions. Several techniques were used to increase data reliability and to minimize certain bias errors. A discussion of the effects of a total pressure probe in a pressure gradient, and the effects of discrete turbulence levels, on the data presented and other experimental results is also included.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 2; p 601-621
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  • 4
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    Some calculations of transonic potential flow for the NACA 64A006 airfoil with oscillating flap (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-22
    Beschreibung: A method for calculating the transonic flow over steady and oscillating airfoils was developed by Isogai. It solves the full potential equation with a semi-implicit, time-marching, finite difference technique. Steady flow solutions are obtained from time asymptotic solutions for a steady airfoil. Corresponding oscillatory solutions are obtained by initiating an oscillation and marching in time for several cycles until a converged periodic solution is achieved. In this paper the method is described in general terms, and results are compared with experimental data for both steady flow and for oscillations at several values of reduced frequency. Good agreement for static pressures is shown for subcritical speeds, with increasing deviation as Mach number is increased into the supercritical speed range. Fair agreement with experiment was obtained at high reduced frequencies with larger deviations at low reduced frequencies.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 2; p 689-700
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  • 5
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    Applications of dynamic measurement techniques to wind-tunnel testing (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-22
    Beschreibung: The uses of laser Doppler velocimeter, hot wire, and surface hot film techniques in the study of turbulent flows are described, and data obtained in compressible flows are discussed. Applications are illustrated with measurements of wind tunnel freestream turbulence characteristics and with data obtained in transitional, turbulent, and separated shear flows. A new method which was developed for the study of time dependent and unsteady turbulent flows is also presented.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 2; p 571-588
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  • 6
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    Estimate of procession and polar motion errors from planetary encounter station location solutions (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-16
    Beschreibung: Jet Propulsion Laboratory Deep Space Station (DSS) location solutions based on two JPL planetary ephemerides, DE 84 and DE 96, at eight planetary encounters were used to obtain weighted least squares estimates of precession and polar motion errors. The solution for precession error in right ascension yields a value of 0.3 X 10 to the minus 5 power plus or minus 0.8 X 10 to the minus 6 power deg/year. This maps to a right ascension error of 1.3 X 10 to the minus 5 power plus or minus 0.4 X 10 to the minus 5 power deg at the first Voyager 1979 Jupiter encounter if the current JPL DSS location set is used. Solutions for precession and polar motion using station locations based on DE 84 agree well with the solution using station locations referenced to DE 96. The precession solution removes the apparent drift in station longitude and spin axis distance estimates, while the encounter polar motion solutions consistently decrease the scatter in station spin axis distance estimates.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: The Deep Space Network; p 29-49
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Aerodynamic effects (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The tethered satellite concept provides an ideal platform for the study of the interaction of the atmosphere with satellites of various shapes and surfaces under a wide range of flow conditions. From experiments which would measure the drag, lift, and torque acting on the tethered satellite, important information could be obtained which would have application to satellite lifetime prediction, determination of properties of the upper atmosphere, and scientific information on the interaction of high speed molecules with surfaces (the gas surface interaction). These experiments using the tethered satellite concept are described and would measure the following variables: angle of attack, surface roughness, and flow properties.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: UAH(NASA Workshop on the Use of a Tethered Satellite System; p 151-155
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  • 8
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    Use of remote sensing in facility siting (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Environmental parameters important to, and necessary for, an environment impact assessment in terms of site selection for an electric power plant are defined. Remote sensing techniques and/or instrumentation applicable to site evaluation are described. Problem areas are discussed and recommendations given.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 303-309
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  • 9
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    Role of remote sensing in documenting land use as it affects the Bay and Bay use as it affects the land (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The remote sensing technology required for locating, identifying, and monitoring nonpoint, or diffuse, pollution caused by improper land use practices is discussed. Establishment of an information system to include all remote sensed data acquired on the Bay and to disseminate information to users is considered.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 311-313
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  • 10
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    Inferring nutrient loading of estuarine systems by remote sensing of aquatic vegetation (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: THe use of remote sensing to record algal and vascular aquatic plant growths in estuarine waters is discussed. A technique is proposed that uses a combination of data to hierarchically classify watersheds with regard to severity of potential pollution. Specific nonpoint sources of nutrients in tributaries of the watershed are identified with lower altitude photography of vegetation and selected ground sampling. It is concluded that excessive growths of some aquatic plants may be related to nutrient pollution.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 275-281
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  • 11
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    Remote sensing of water quality (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Remote sensing from aircraft has been used to determine water content in areas such as the New York Bight. Extension of the techniques developed to satellite sensing of the Chesapeake Bay will begin in 1978 with the launch of Nimbus-G. Remote sensing offers a number of interesting possibilities for investigating a reasonably large body of water, such as the Chesapeake Bay, coupled with some disadvantages. The chief advantage of remote sensing is that it offers the opportunity to cover large areas in relatively short periods of time. Low altitude satellites traveling at about 7 km/s can cover the Chesapeake Bay in about 1 minute so that the entire Bay can be studied under almost identical conditions of solar illumination.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 141-148
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  • 12
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    LANDSAT and other sensor data for land-use planning in the Baltimore area (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Investigations of the current uses of the LANDSAT sensor data revealed that there were no successful uses of LANDSAT data in identifying specific urban uses other than densities of residential use, paved areas, and roof tops. Information was merged on developed land uses from the air photointerpretation and the land cover from the LANDSAT sensors. It was expected that this would give the most accurate results by taking results from each technique when they were best.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 33-35
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  • 13
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    The Chesapeake Bay Program: An opportunity to use an innovative monitoring technique (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The goal of this program is to develop a management system that will protect and preserve the water quality of the Chesapeake Bay by effectively managing its uses and resources. To achieve this goal, three major objectives must be accomplished: (1) Determine what units of government have management responsibility for the environmental quality of the Chesapeake Bay, also to define how such management responsibility can best be structured so that communications and coordination can be improved between the respective units of government, research, educational institutions, concerned groups, and individuals. (2) Assess the principal factors having an adverse impact on the environmental quality of the Chesapeake Bay. Following this assessment and review of ongoing research, direct and coordinate research and abatement programs that will most effectively address these factors, and (3) analyze all environmental sampling data now being collected on the Chesapeake Bay and suggest and undertake methods for improving this data collection, and to establish a continuing capability for collecting storing, analyzing, and disseminating these data.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 11-15
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  • 14
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    Role of remote sensing in documenting living resources (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Specific cases of known or potentially useful applications of remote sensing in assessing biological resources are discussed. It is concluded that the more usable remote sensing techniques relate to the measurement of population fluctuations in aquatic systems. Sensing of the flora and the fauna of the Bay is considered with emphasis on direct sensing of aquatic plant populations and of water quality. Recommendations for remote sensing projects are given.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 297-301
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  • 15
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    Work on power-plant (air) plumes involving remote sensing of SO2 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Acquisition of air quality and concurrent meteorological data was used for dispersion model development and plant siting needs of the Maryland power plants. One of the major instruments in these studies was the Barringer correlation spectrometer, a remote sensor, using atmospherically scattered sunlight that was used to measure the total amount of SO2 in a cross section of the plume. Correlation spectrometer and its role in this measurement program are described.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 239-247
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  • 16
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    Lidar: A laser technique for remote sensing (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Experimental airborne lidar systems proved to be useful for shallow water bathymetric measurements, and detection and identification of oil slicks and algae. Dye fluorescence applications using organic dyes was studied. The possibility of remotely inducing dye flourescence by means of pulsed lasers opens up several hydrospheric applications for measuring water currents, water temperature, and salinity. Aerosol measurements by lidar are also discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 249-265
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  • 17
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    Relationship of land use to water quality in the Chesapeake Bay region (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Both the proportions of the various land use categories present on each watershed and the specific management practices in use in each category affect the quality of runoff waters, and the water quality of the Bay. Several permanent and portable stations on various Maryland Rivers collect volume-integrated water samples. All samples are analyzed for a series of nutrient, particulate, bacterial, herbicide, and heavy metal parameters. Each basin is mapped with respect to land use by the analysis of low-elevation aerial photos. Analyses are verified and adjusted by ground truth surveys. Data are processed and stored in the Smithsonian Institution data bank. Land use categories being investigated include forests/old fields, pastureland, row crops, residential areas, upland swamps, and tidal marshes.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 177-187
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  • 18
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    Hydraulic model of the Chesapeake Bay (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Preliminary planning for the formulation of the first year of hydraulic studies on the Chesapeake Bay model was recently completed. The primary purpose of this initial effort was to develop a study program that is both responsive to problems of immediate importance and at the same time ensure that from the very beginning of operation maximum economical use is made of the model. The formulation of this preliminary study plan involved an extensive analysis of the environmental, economic, and social aspects of a series of current problems in order to establish a priority listing of their importance. The study program that evolved is oriented towards the analysis of the effects of some of the works of man on the Chesapeake Bay estuarine environment.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 111-121
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  • 19
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    Mission of a remote sensing center (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The establishment of a center for remote sensing was proposed to provide the following: (1) service, research, and education in the developing discipline of remote sensing; (2) effect multidisciplinary linkages between scientists and users of remote sensing and those who develop remote sensing techniques; and (3) strengthen and extend existing remote sensing capabilities into a cohesive program.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 55-57
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  • 20
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    Remote sensing, geology, and land use (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The usefulness of a geologic map as a product in geological research was discussed, and the volution of the geologic map of Maryland was illustrated. Remote sensing methods that have the most immediate application to the earth science aspects of the Chesapeake Bay region are listed.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 37-43
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  • 21
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    Operational programs in forest management and priority in the utilization of remote sensing (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: A speech is given on operational remote sensing programs in forest management and the importance of remote sensing in forestry is emphasized. Forest service priorities in using remote sensing are outlined.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 27-31
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  • 22
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    Prospects for computational aerodynamics (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The integral representations approach, for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations is discussed as well as experience in its development and in applying available finite-difference and finite-element techniques to the treatment of three-dimensional problems, and the computation of turbulent flow. The magnitude of efforts required to develop turbulence models and three-dimensional algorithms indicates that the computational fluid dynamics research must have a broad base. Broader access to modern computing facilities that are in existence within NASA should be promoted for active researchers not directly affiliated with that agency.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Ames Res. Center Future Computer Requirements for Computational Aerodynamics; p 221-227
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  • 23
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    NCSL task force findings on feasible state uses of LANDSAT (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Data needs for state natural resources programs, state capabilities for using satellite technology, and the existing remote sensing technology are reviewed. State programs in land use planning, wetlands management, coastal zone management, transportation planning, and forestry management are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the use of LANDSAT imagery.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 333-344
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  • 24
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    Water quality and shellfish sanitation (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The use of remote sensing techniques for collecting bacteriological, physical, and chemical water quality data, locating point and nonpoint sources of pollution, and developing hydrological data was found to be valuable to the Maryland program if it could be produced effectively and rapidly with a minimum amount of ground corroboration.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 267-268
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  • 25
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    Thermal discharges and their role in pending power plant regulatory decisions (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Federal and state laws require the imminent retrofit of offstream condenser cooling to the newer steam electric stations. Waiver can be granted based on sound experimental data, demonstrating that existing once-through cooling will not adversely affect aquatic ecosystems. Conventional methods for monitoring thermal plumes, and some remote sensing alternatives, are reviewed, using on going work at one Maryland power plant for illustration.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 223-237
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  • 26
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    Modeling of the Reynolds stresses (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: In their most general form, the Reynolds averaged conservation equations result from ensemble or time averages of the instantaneous Navier-Stokes equations or their compressible counterparts. For these averaging processes to be consistent, the averaging time period must exceed the periods identified with the largest time scales of the turbulence, and yet be shorter than the characteristic times of the flow field. With these equations long period variations in the flow fields are deterministic, provided initial conditions are known. The average dependent variables are sufficiently smooth to be resolvable by finite difference techniques consistent with the size and speed of modern computers.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: Future Computer Requirements for Computational Aerodynamics; p 239-247
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  • 27
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    Computational aerodynamics and the numerical aerodynamic simulation facility (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Technical and economic reasons for accelerating the maturation of the discipline of computational aerodynamics include the cost of conducting the experiments required to provide the empirical data base for new aeronautical vehicles and the limitations in test facilities (Reynolds number, wall and support interferences, aeroelastic distortions, real-gas effects, etc.) for simulating the full-scale vehicle environment. General purpose computers do not have the necessary capability for the next stage of development. Solution of the three dimensional Reynolds averaged Naiver-Stokes equations in a short time to be practical for design purposes will require 40 times the power of current supercomputers. However, it is feasible to construct a special purpose processor that will meet these requirements to enhance the nation's aerodynamic design capability in the 1980's.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: Future Computer Requirements for Computational Aerodynamics; p 5-30
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  • 28
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    Application of a computerized environmental information system to master and sector planning (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: A computerized composite mapping system developed as an aid in the land use decision making process is described. Emphasis is placed on consideration of the environment in urban planning. The presence of alluvium, shallow bedrock, surface water, and vegetation growth are among the environmental factors considered. An analysis of the Shady Grove Sector planning is presented as an example of the use of computerized composite mapping for long range planning.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Apppl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 359-371
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  • 29
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    Possible role of remote sensing for increasing public awareness of the Chesapeake Bay environment (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Application of remote sensing techniques to the study of the Chesapeake Bay and the availability of the resulting information are discussed in terms of public awareness of the Chesapeake Bay, its total environment, and the need to protect that environment and to preserve the Bay. Recommendations given include: (1) continue the study of remote sensing technology and its use in the Chesapeake Bay region; (2) emphasize the importance of LANDSAT imagery to the evolution of remote sensing technological developments and the awareness of the environment and its changes; (3) increase dissemination of information of the environmental applications of remote sensing technology to the public; (4) design surveys of the Chesapeake Bay environment and its manmade changes; and (5) establish a coordinating regional institution to develop a management plan for the Chesapeake Bay.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 323-326
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  • 30
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    Role of remote sensing in Bay measurements (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Remote measurements of a number of surface or near surface parameters for baseline definition and specialized studies, remote measurements of episodic events, and remote measurements of the Bay lithosphere are considered in terms of characterizing and understanding the ecology of the Chesapeake Bay. Geologic processes and features best suited for information enhancement by remote sensing methods are identified. These include: (1) rates of sedimentation in the Bay; (2) rates of erosion of Bay shorelines; (3) spatial distribution and geometry of aquifers; (4) mapping of Karst terrain (sinkholes); and (5) mapping of fracture patterns. Recommendations for studying problem areas identified are given.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 315-321
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  • 31
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    Contribution of remote sensing to understand the Bay as a system (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The natural resource management information system concept designed specifically for use with remote sensing is discussed in terms of understanding and studying the Chesapeake Bay as a total system. The Bay is defined as a system comprising the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, and the biosphere, that is the vertical profile encompassed by the systems and a two dimensional plane defining the total watershed of the Bay from the headwaters of its tributaries to a distance in the ocean defined by ten tidal cycles. The Chesapeake Bay system is assumed to be the ecosystem in the largest sense. Ecological partitioning, a methodology resulting from studies of land systems for partitioning the land into geobotanical landscape units, is included along with a breakdown of LANDSAT investigations according to subject area.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 289-296
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  • 32
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    Eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The advantages and limitations of using remote sensing to acquire fast reliable data on the nutrient problem in the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem are discussed. Pollution effects to phytoplankton blooms during late summer and early fall months are also considered.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 269-273
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  • 33
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    An overview of dredging operations in the Chesapeake Bay (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Maintenance of the Baltimore and the Newport News/Norfolk harbors as well as of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal is accomplished by different dredging operations which depend on the amount and type of material to be moved, water depth, and location of disposal sites. Methods for determining the physical or chemical-biological interactive effects of these activities on the environment and on the shellfish and finfish industries on the Bay are discussed. The types of dredges used are classed according to their mode of operation.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 209-215
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  • 34
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    Regional energetic coupling of man and his environment: Data requirements (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: An energy analysis methodology was developed to serve as a rational basis for evaluating alternative regional management/use schemes. Human and natural systems are coupled and can be interpreted, using a common base of energy-flow analysis to evaluate past, present, and future states of regional integrated systems in the coastal zone and to provide the capability for rational selection of alternative patterns of resource use. Energy flows (or flows of dollars or materials converted to energy equivalents) are believed to be the basic factor in the organizations of all types of systems. An analysis example is provided of an estuarine subsystem of the Chesapeake Bay, and tabular listings of regional data needs are given. Current remote sensing capabilities were used to provide some of the necessary information.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 157-175
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  • 35
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    Acoustic remote probing of the environment (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Atmospheric acoustic probes located either at shore locations near the Chesapeake Bay or on large surface buoys could obtain profiles of wind velocity and turbulence and the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere. At or near the buoy locations, underwater probes located on the bottom could be used to profile current velocity, density, and turbulence and also to determine tide level, wave height, spectrum, and direction. The physical parameter profiles at these earth-surface stations could be used with surface observations by satellite. The most obvious use of data from such a network is to verify and calibrate models of energy exchange between the water of the Bay and the atmosphere.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 149-156
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  • 36
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    Carbon vaporization into a nonequilibrium, stagnation-point boundary layer (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The heat transfer to the stagnation point of an ablating carbonaceous heat shield, where both the gas-phase boundary layer and the heterogeneous surface reactions are not in chemical equilibrium, is examined. Specifically, the nonequilibrium changes in the mass fraction profiles of carbon species calculated for frozen flow are studied. A set of equations describing the steady-state, nonequilibrium laminar boundary layer in the axisymmetric stagnation region, over an ablating graphite surface, is solved, with allowance for the effects of finite rate of carbon vaporization.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: AIAA Journal; 16; July 197
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  • 37
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    Perturbations in two- and three-dimensional transonic flows (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The difficulty of treating the perturbation of transonic flow, during which shock waves change position, can be overcome by using a distorted coordinate system in which the locations of all shock waves do not change; the distortion is found as part of the solution. This device leads to a relation that allows a range of flows, with differing shock locations, to be related algebraically to two known 'calibration' flows. Results for flows around finite wings, including those with multiple, intersecting shock waves, are presented. A typical computing time for such examples is 0.3 sec on a CDC 7600 computer.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: AIAA Journal; 16; July 197
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  • 38
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    Remote in-situ elemental analysis systems for underwater application (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The systems approach, theoretical measurement calculations, and preliminary measurements to be used in monitoring and mapping pollutants (such as traces of heavy metals) in the Chesapeake Bay are discussed. A neutron gamma-ray method is under development for demonstrating the system. The excitation source to be used is a machine accelerator using a deuterium/tritium reaction to produce 14-MeV neutrons. The neutrons excite characteristic gamma ray emission from the neutron irradiated surface. The discrete line emission produced can be used to infer both qualitative and quantitative elemental composition. A data preprocessor will accumulate, digitize, store, format, and prepare the data for transmission which can be accomplished by telephone, microwave, and possibly satellite link to central processors.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 217-221
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  • 39
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    LANDSAT sensors (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: LANDSAT 1, launched in July 1972, and LANDSAT 2, launched in January 1975, are equipped with a similar complement of sensors. Each spacecraft has both a return beam vidicon camera system and a multispectral scanner for acquiring high resolution multispectral data of the Earth's surface on a global basis. A description is given of these imaging systems and the primary sensors on the LANDSAT 1 and 2 spacecraft.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 123-140
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  • 40
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    On measuring the state of the bay (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The requirements necessary to establish a comprehensive data base for the Chesapeake Bay are discussed. Three essential questions were addressed: (1) which entities should be measured; (2) how close together should measurements be made in space and time; and (3) what should be done with the data. Possible answers to the questions were evaluated in relation to existing technology, cost effectiveness, and potential uses of the data base.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 87-101
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  • 41
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    The Chesapeake Bay: A challenge to the remote sensing community (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The use of remote sensing in studying, monitoring, and understanding the Chesapeake Bay was examined. References to multispectral scanning, laser techniques, infrared microwave, and radar were made. These aspects were then analyzed with multidimensional models, digital analysis, and holographic projections.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 49-54
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  • 42
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    Activities of the US Geological Survey in Applications of Remote Sensing in the Chesapeake Bay Region (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The application of remote sensing in the Chesapeake Bay region has been a central concern of three project activities of the U.S. Geological Survey: two are developmental, and one is operational. The two developmental activities were experiments in land-use and land-cover inventory and change detection using remotely sensed data from aircraft and from the LANDSAT and Skylab satellites. One of these is CARETS (Central Atlantic Regional Ecological Test Site). The other developmental task is the Census Cities Experiment in Urban Change Detection. The present major concern is an operational land-use and land-cover data-analysis program, including a supporting geographical information system.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 25-26
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  • 43
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    Maryland Automated Geographic Information System (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: A computer based system designed for storing geographic data in a consistent and coordinated manner is described. The data are stored, retrieved, and analyzed using a 400 km sq/acre cell. Stored information can be displayed on computer maps in a manner similar to standard map graphics. The data bank contains various information for performing land use analysis in a variety of areas.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 45-47
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  • 44
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    Present status of LANDSAT remote sensing (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The state-of-the-practice of satellite remote sensing is examined. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing to improve information gathering practices. Impediments to adopting this technology and opportunities to overcome these impediments are addressed.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 21-23
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  • 45
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    The Chesapeake Bay: Our regional resource (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The contents are presented of a speech given by the Hon. Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. on the value of the Chesapeake Bay as a resource and the need to protect its environmental quality.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Appl. of Remote Sensing to the Chesapeake Bay Reg.; p 5-10
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  • 46
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    Numerical solution for supersonic flow near the trailing edge of a flat plate (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: In the present study, problems of laminar and turbulent two-dimensional flow of a viscous compressible fluid near the trailing edge of a thin flat plate are considered. The complete set of Navier-Stokes equations is solved by the finite-difference method of MacCormack (MacCormack and Baldwin, 1975). It is an explicit, predictor-corrector, time-splitting method of second order acuracy. The computational mesh employed has sufficient resolution for all the characteristic lengths suggested by theory. In the laminar case, the present results are compared with the triple deck solution of Daniels (1974). This comparison indicates that the asymptotic triple deck theory for supersonic trailing edge flow is accurate within five percent for Reynolds numbers greater than 1000. In the turbulent case, the Prandtl-Van Driest-Clauser algebraic eddy viscosity model is used. The numerical results show that the region of upstream influence is approximately of the order of the boundary layer thickness. The solutions for skin-friction, pressure and wake center-line velocity are presented.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
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  • 47
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    Unsteady vortical and entropic distortions of potential flows round arbitrary obstacles (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The analysis concerns the alterations produced when small amplitude disturbances, including entropy and vorticity disturbances, are imposed on steady potential flows. For the most general nonacoustic incident distortion field that can be imposed on the uniform upstream flow, it is shown that the perturbation velocity at any point of the resulting unsteady compressible and vortical flow consists of a part that is a known function of the imposed upstream distortion field and the mean flow variables and a potential part that can be found by solving a linear inhomogeneous wave equation with a dipole-type source term whose strength is a known function of the imposed upstream distortion field. The theory is applied to the unsteady flow past a corner, and a closed-form analytical solution is found.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: Journal of Fluid Mechanics; 89; Dec. 13
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  • 48
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    A comparison of satellite sensor bands for vegetation monitoring (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The first four Landsat-D thematic mapper sensor bands were evaluated and compared to the RBV and MSS sensors from Landsats-1, -2, and -3; Colvocoresses' proposed 'operational Landsat' three-band system; and the French SPOT three-band system by using simulation/integration techniques and in situ collected spectral reflectance data. Sensors were evaluated with regard to their ability to discriminate vegetation biomass, chlorophyll concentration, and leaf water content. The thematic mapper and SPOT bands were found to be superior in a spectral resolution context to the other three sensor systems for vegetational applications. Significant improvements are expected for most vegetational analyses from Landsat-D thematic mapper and SPOT imagery over MSS and RBV imagery.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing; 44; Nov. 197
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  • 49
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    Experimental determination of partition coefficients for Rb, Sr, and Ba between alkali feldspar and silicate liquid (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 50
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    Reynolds number influence on leeside flowfields (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Experimental results on the Reynolds number influence on the leeside flowfield of planar delta wings at supersonic speeds are presented. Wind tunnel experiments on two delta wing models with straight and sharp leading edges at freestream Mach number of 2.5 and 3.5 and angle of attack between 1 deg and 12.5 deg were carried out. The cross-sectional shape was triangular and the relative height was 0.25. The flow types investigated were to the left and right of the Stanbrook-Squire boundary. Under leading-edge separation conditions, the vortex position and intensity, and thus the suction pressure, vary with Re while the flow type remains nearly unchanged. In the region of separation with embedded shock, Re affects not only the shape of the separation bubble and pressure level near the leading edge but also the type of flow. At sufficiently high Re the flow type of separation with shock changes to one with shock-induced separation.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: AIAA Journal; 16; Dec. 197
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  • 51
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    Unsteady flow in a supersonic cascade with subsonic leading-edge locus (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Linearized theory is used to predict the unsteady flow in a supersonic cascade with subsonic axial flow velocity. A closed-form analytical solution is obtained by using a double application of the Wiener-Hopf technique. Although numerical and semianalytical solutions of this problem have already appeared in the literature, this paper contains the first completely analytical solution. It has been stated in the literature that the blade source should vanish at the infinite duct resonance condition. The present analysis shows that this does not occur. This apparent discrepancy is explained in the paper.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: AIAA Journal; 16; Dec. 197
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  • 52
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    Imaging radar observations of Askja Caldera, Iceland (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: A 'blind' test involving interpretation of computer-enhanced like- and cross-polarized radar images is used to evaluate the surface roughness of Askja Caldera, a large volcanic complex in central Iceland. The 'blind' test differs from earlier analyses of radar observations in that computer-processes images and both qualitative and quantitative analyses are used. Attention is given to photogeologic examination and subsequent survey-type field observations, along with aerial photography during the field trip. The results indicate that the 'blind' test of radar interpretation of the Askja volcanic area can be considered suitable within the framework of limitations of radar data considered explicitly from the onset. The limitations of the radar techniques can be eliminated by using oblique-viewing conditions to remove geometric distortions and slope effects.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Geophysical Research Letters; 5; Nov. 197
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  • 53
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    Crop water-stress assessment using an airborne thermal scanner (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: An airborne thermal scanner was used to measure the temperature of a wheat crop canopy in Phoenix, Arizona. The results indicate that canopy temperatures acquired about an hour and a half past solar noon were well correlated with presunrise plant water tension, a parameter directly related to plant growth and development. Pseudo-colored thermal images reading directly in stress degree days, a unit indicative of crop irrigation needs and yield potential, were produced. The aircraft data showed significant within-field canopy temperature variability, indicating the superiority of the synoptic view provided by aircraft over localized ground measurements. The standard deviation between airborne and ground-acquired canopy temperatures was 2 C or less.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing; 44; Jan. 197
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  • 54
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    Inlet boundary-layer shapes on four aircraft forebodies at Mach 6 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Boundary-layer shape measurements at the engine inlet on four different hypersonic aircraft forebody designs (with no engine on the forebody) are reported. The measurements provide a qualitative assessment of the effectiveness of various forebody geometries as engine inlet precompression surfaces. The designs, tested in a hypersonic tunnel at Mach 6 and a nominal freestream Reynolds number of 30,500,000, included a semiconical forebody, a configuration similar to a slab delta wing, a conical nose blended into a flat surface, and a conical, complex forebody shape. Boundary layer height as a function of forebody compression is shown for each design.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: Journal of Aircraft; 15; Jan. 197
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  • 55
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    VLBI-laser intercomparison project (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The VLBI-laser intercomparison system for assessing geodetic measurements is described. The primary objective of the DSN VLBI-laser intercomparison project is the accurate measurement of baseline vectors, both length and direction, between established geodetic benchmarks. A second objective is the intercomparison between both satellite and lunar laser ranging techniques with VLBI.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: The Deep Space Network; p 87-91
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  • 56
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    Notes on the transonic indicial method (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The indicial method for calculating flutter derivatives for two-dimensional airfoils at transonic speeds is discussed, with particular attention given to the effect of a moving shock on the flow variables in the indicial method. An expression for the pressure coefficient is developed on the basis of an explicit treatment of the shock motion; the pressure distribution may then be calculated for general oscillations through use of the indicial method. Explicit inclusion of the shock motion is not necessary if only the lift and pitching moment coefficients are desired.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: AIAA Journal; 16; June 197
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  • 57
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    Remote sensing of surface soil moisture (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The unique thermal and dielectric properties of water afford two possibilities for remotely sensing the moisture content in the surface layer of the soil. Observations of the diurnal range of surface temperature, the microwave brightness temperature (emissivity) and radar backscatter of the soil have shown correlations of up to 0.9 with the moisture in the surface layer (about 5 cm thick). The microwave techniques appear to maintain their sensitivity to moisture variations in the presence of a crop canopy. Observations of microwave brightness temperature from satellite platforms have qualitatively confirmed this sensitivity for a wide range of conditions.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 58
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    Ice sheet topography by satellite altimetry (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The measured time between the transmission and rzturn of 13.9 GHz radar pulses from the GEOS 3 satellite (at a mean altitude of 844.5 km and an inclination of 114 deg 52 min) is used to determine the thickness of the Greenland ice cap, with an accuracy in surface elevation on the order of 2 m. Attention is given to changes in ice thickness as an indicator of climatic change in general, and change in mean sea level in particular. Each elevation data point obtained by the satellite represents an average along 0.67 km of ground track, and three-dimensional maps are presented to illustrate the data.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Nature; 274; Aug. 10
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  • 59
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    Summary of system state-of-health measurements STRATCOM 8: A balloon experiment (1978)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Various measurements were made to determine the temperature and attitude of the gondola and the status of primary power and control equipment. Bead thermistors were used to measure temperatures at selected points throughout the gondola. A two-axis magnetometer and a two-axis pendulum were used to measure gondola attitude. Voltage and current measurements indicated the status of the primary power sources and associated power converters.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center STRATCOM 8 Data Workshop and Suppl.; p 24-31
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  • 60
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    Stratospheric composition balloon, aircraft and rocket-borne experiments, 28-30 September 1977 (systems, instruments, trajectories, supporting measurements) (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The STRATCOM (STRATospheric COMposition) is a long term multipurpose program for integrated, correlated measurements of stratospheric parameters related to composition, thermodynamics, and radiative balance. Balloon 8-b, carrying a solar-pointing grating infrared spectrometer, two CO2 thermal emission radiometers and two in-situ air temperature sensors was launched at 1251 MST on 28 September 1977 to float at an altitude of 39 km from 1521 MST with the instruments making measurements at that altitude through the time of sunset at 1822 MST. Balloon 8-a lifted a payload consisting of four UV filter photometers, two UV spectrometers, two chemiluminescent ozonesondes, dasibi ozone monitor, 14 tube cryogenic sampler, two aluminum oxide H2O sensors, four air temperature sensors, atmospheric pressure sensor, infrared and visible pyranometers, downward-looking camera, blunt-kryton lamp-Gerdien condenser probe, three component anemometer, balloon apex-plate payload and three parachute-borne dropsondes.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center STRATCOM 8 Data Workshop and Suppl.; p 10-23
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  • 61
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    Soil moisture estimation using reflected solar and emitted thermal infrared radiation (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Classical methods of measuring soil moisture such as gravimetric sampling and the use of neutron moisture probes are useful for cases where a point measurement is sufficient to approximate the water content of a small surrounding area. However, there is an increasing need for rapid and repetitive estimations of soil moisture over large areas. Remote sensing techniques potentially have the capability of meeting this need. The use of reflected-solar and emitted thermal-infrared radiation, measured remotely, to estimate soil moisture is examined.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Soil Moisture Workshop; 47 p
    Format: text
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  • 62
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    Remote sensing of soil moisture: A NASA viewpoint (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: A representative of NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center addressed the Workshop and offered a few points in terms of where NASA might be able to help provide observational and information handling capabilities. The function of NASA is briefly discussed in order to determine how NASA could help in this endeavor. Several questions are posed to the Workshop for consideration.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Soil Moisture Workshop; 4 p
    Format: text
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  • 63
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    Applications of soil moisture information (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The needs of specific users within the areas of agriculture, hydrology, and meteorology are discussed. Sections are also included on the importance of drought, foreign needs for soil moisture information, some specific requirements for data information systems, and agency and organization uses of soil moisture.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Soil Moisture Workshop; 35 p
    Format: text
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  • 64
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    Formation of the soil moisture workshop (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: A brief discussion of the need for formation of the Soil Moisture Workshop and its objectives is presented.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Soil Moisture Workshop; 2 p
    Format: text
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  • 65
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    Remote sensing as a tool in assessing soil moisture (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: The effects of soil moisture as it relates to agriculture is briefly discussed. The use of remote sensing to predict scheduling of irrigation, runoff and soil erosion which contributes to the prediction of crop yield is also discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Soil Moisture Workshop; 9 p
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  • 66
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    In-flight Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layer Measurements on a Hollow Cylinder at a Mach Number of 3.0 (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: Skin temperatures, shearing forces, surface static pressures, and boundary layer pitot pressures and total temperatures were measured on a hollow cylinder 3.04 meters long and 0.437 meter in diameter mounted beneath the fuselage of the YF-12A airplane. The data were obtained at a nominal free stream Mach number of 3.0 and at wall-to-recovery temperature ratios of 0.66 to 0.91. The free stream Reynolds number had a minimal value of 4.2 million per meter. Heat transfer coefficients and skin friction coefficients were derived from skin temperature time histories and shear force measurements, respectively. Boundary layer velocity profiles were derived from pitot pressure measurements, and a Reynolds analogy factor of 1.11 was obtained from the measured heat transfer and skin friction data. The skin friction coefficients predicted by the theory of van Driest were in excellent agreement with the measurements. Theoretical heat transfer coefficients, in the form of Stanton numbers calculated by using a modified Reynolds analogy between skin friction and heat transfer, were compared with measured values. The measured velocity profiles were compared to Coles' incompressible law-of-the-wall profile.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 259-286
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  • 67
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    Boundary layer, skin friction, and boattail pressure measurements from the YF-12 airplane at Mach numbers up to 3 (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: In-flight measurements of boundary layer and skin friction data were made on YF-12 airplanes for Mach numbers between 2.0 and 3.0. Boattail pressures were also obtained for Mach numbers between 0.7 and 3.0 with Reynolds numbers up to four hundred million. Boundary layer data measured along the lower fuselage centerline indicate local displacement and momentum thicknesses can be much larger than predicted. Skin friction coefficients measured at two of five lower fuselage stations were significantly less than predicted by flat plate theory. The presence of large differences between measured boattail pressure drag and values calculated by a potential flow solution indicates the presence of vortex effects on the upper boattail surface. At both subsonic and supersonic speeds, pressure drag on the longer of two boattail configurations was equal to or less than the pressure drag on the shorter configuration. At subsonic and transonic speeds, the difference in the drag coefficient was on the order of 0.0008 to 0.0010. In the supersonic cruise range, the difference in the drag coefficient was on the order of 0.002. Boattail drag coefficients are based on wing reference area.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 227-258
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  • 68
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    Flight-measured pressure characteristics of aft-facing steps in thick boundary layer flow for transonic and supersonic Mach numbers (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: Aft-facing step base pressure flight data were obtained for three step heights for nominal transonic Mach numbers of 0.80, 0.90, and 0.95, and for supersonic Mach numbers of 2.2, 2.5, and 2.8 with a Reynolds number, based on the fuselage length ahead of the step, of about 10 to the 8th power. Surface static pressures were measured ahead of the step, behind the step, and on the step face (base), and a boundary layer rake was used to obtain boundary layer reference conditions. A comparison of the data from the present and previous experiments shows the same trend of increasing base pressure ratio (decreasing drag) with increasing values of momentum thickness to step height ratios. However, the absolute level of these data does not always agree at the supersonic Mach numbers. For momentum thickness to height ratios near 1.0, the differences in the base pressure ratios appear to be primarily a function of Reynolds number based on the momentum thickness. Thus, for Mach numbers above 2, the data analyzed show that the base pressure ratio decreases (drag increases) as Reynolds number based on momentum thickness increases for a given momentum thickness and step height.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 201-226
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  • 69
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    Wind tunnel evaluation of YF-12 inlet response to internal airflow disturbances with and without control (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The response of terminal-shock position and static pressures in the subsonic duct of a YF-12 aircraft flight-hardware inlet to perturbations in simulated engine corrected airflow were obtained with and without inlet control. Frequency response data, obtained with inlet controls inactive, indicated the general nature of the inherent inlet dynamics, assisted in the design of controls, and provided a baseline reference for responses with active controls. All the control laws were implemented by means of a digital computer that could be programmed to behave like the flight inlet's existing analog control. The experimental controls were designed using an analytical optimization technique. The capabilities of the controls were limited primarily by the actuation hardware. The experimental controls provided somewhat better attenuation of terminal shock excursions than did the YF-13 inlet control. Controls using both the forward and aft bypass systems also provided somewhat better attenuation than those using just the forward bypass. The main advantage of using both bypasses is in the greater control flexibility that is achieved.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: NASA. Dryden Flight Res. Center YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 157-192
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  • 70
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    Pilot Workload Measurement and Experience on Supersonic Cruise Aircraft (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: Aircraft parameters and physiological parameters most indicative of crew workload were investigated. Recommendations were used to form the basis for a continuing study in which variations of the interval between heart beats are used as a measure of nonphysical workload. Preliminary results are presented and current efforts in further defining this physiological measure are outlined.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 121-134
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  • 71
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    The YF-12 Gust Velocity Measuring System (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: A true gust velocity measuring system designed to alleviate complications resulting from airframe flexibility and from the high-speed, high-temperature environment of supersonic cruise aircraft was evaluated on a YF-12 airplane. The system uses fixed vanes on which airflow direction changes produce differential pressure variations that are measured. Airframe motions, obtained by postflight integration of recorded angular rate and linear acceleration data, are removed from the flow angle data. An example of turbulence data obtained at high-altitude, supersonic flight conditions is presented and compared with previous high-altitude turbulence measurements obtained with subsonic aircraft and with turbulence criteria contained in both military and civil design specifications for supersonic cruise vehicles. Results of these comparisons indicate that the YF-12 turbulence sample is representative of turbulence present in the supersonic cruise environment.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 135-154
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  • 72
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    Flight experience with altitude hold and Mach hold autopilots on the YF-12 aircraft at Mach 3 (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The altitude hold mode of the YF-12A airplane was modified to include a high-pass-filtered pitch rate feedback along with optimized inner loop altitude rate proportional and integral gains. An autothrottle control system was also developed to control either Mach number or KEAS at the high-speed flight conditions. Flight tests indicate that, with the modified system, significant improvements are obtained in both altitude and speed control, and the combination of altitude and autothrottle hold modes provides the most stable aircraft platform thus far demonstrated at Mach 3 conditions.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 97-119
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  • 73
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    Flight-Measured Aerodynamic Loads on a 0.92 Aspect Ratio Lifting Surface (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: Ventral fin loads, expressed as normal force coefficients, bending moment coefficients, and torque coefficients, were measured during flight tests of a YF-12A airplane. Because of the proximity of the ventral fin to the ailerons, the aerodynamic loads presented were the result of both sideslip loads and aileron crossflow loads. Aerodynamic data obtained from strain gage loads instrumentation and some flight pressure measurements are presented for several Mach numbers ranging from 0.70 to 2.00. Selected wind tunnel data and results of linear theoretical aerodynamic calculations are presented for comparison.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 73-91
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  • 74
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    Overview of the NASA YF-12 program (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The history of NASA's interest in supersonic research and the agency's contribution to the development of the YF 12 aircraft is reviewed as well as the program designed to use that aircraft as a test bed for supersonic cruise research. Topics cover elements of the program, project organization, and major accomplishments.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 3-25
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  • 75
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    Recent Load Calibrations Experience with the YF-12 Airplane (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The use of calibrated strain gages to measure wing loads on the YF-12A airplane is discussed as well as structural configurations relative to the thermal environment and resulting thermal stresses. A thermal calibration of the YF-12A is described to illustrate how contaminating thermal effects can be removed from loads equations. The relationship between ground load calibrations and flight measurements is examined for possible errors, and an analytical approach to accommodate such errors is presented.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: YF-12 Experiments Symp., Vol. 1; p 47-72
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  • 76
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    Wake vortex technology (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: A brief overview of the highlights of NASA's wake vortex minimization program is presented. The significant results of this program are summarized as follows: (1) it is technically feasible to reduce significantly the rolling upset created on a trailing aircraft; (2) the basic principles or methods by which reduction in the vortex strength can be achieved have been identified; and (3) an analytical capability for investigating aircraft vortex wakes has been developed.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: CTOL Transport Technol., 1978; p 757-771
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  • 77
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    Paleohydraulics and hydrodynamics of Scabland floods (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The last major episode of scabland flooding (approx. 18,000-13,000 years B.P.) left considerable high-water mark evidence in the form of: (1) eroded channel margins; (2) depositional features; (3) ice-rafter erratics; and (4) divide crossings. These were used to reconstruct maximum flood stages and water-surface gradients. Engineering hydraulic calculation procedures allowed the analyses of flood discharges and mean velocities from these data. Secondary flow phenomena, including various forms of vortices and flow separations, are considered to have been the principal erosive processes. The intense pressure and velocity gradients of vortices along the irregular channel boundaries produced the plucking-type erosion.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: The Channeled Scabland; p 59-79
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  • 78
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    The Spokane flood controversy (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: An enormous plexus of proglacial channels that eroded into the loess and basalt of the Columbia Plateau, eastern Washington is studied. This channeled scabland contained erosional and depositional features that were unique among fluvial phenomena. Documentation of the field relationships of the region explains the landforms as the product of a relatively brief, but enormous flood, then so-called the Spokane flood.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: The Channeled Scabland; p 3-15
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  • 79
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    Development of advanced stability theory suction prediction techniques for laminar flow control (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The problem of obtaining accurate estimates of suction requirements on swept laminar flow control wings was discussed. A fast accurate computer code developed to predict suction requirements by integrating disturbance amplification rates was described. Assumptions and approximations used in the present computer code are examined in light of flow conditions on the swept wing which may limit their validity.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: CTOL Transport Technol. 1978; p 375-394
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  • 80
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    Laminar flow control overview (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: Application of laminar flow control technology to future CTOL long range transport aircraft was considered. Topics covered include: (1) airfoil development and test; (2) development and improvement of design methods; (3) evaluation of leading edge contamination; and (4) laminar flow control system definition and concept evaluation.
    Schlagwort(e): AERODYNAMICS
    Materialart: CTOL Transport Technol., 1978; p 349-356
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  • 81
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    Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data processing (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The available and optimal methods for generating SAR imagery for NASA applications were identified. The SAR image quality and data processing requirements associated with these applications were studied. Mathematical operations and algorithms required to process sensor data into SAR imagery were defined. The architecture of SAR image formation processors was discussed, and technology necessary to implement the SAR data processors used in both general purpose and dedicated imaging systems was addressed.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Active Microwave Users Workshop Rept.; p 197-277
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  • 82
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    Seasat land experiments (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: An overview of the Seasat land experiments is presented. The potential roles for active microwave imaging systems on board satellites were reviewed with particular emphasis on the Seasat Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Recommendations were made concerning the type of experiments that could most profitably be conducted over land with the Seasat SAR system capabilities available.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Active Microwave Users Workshop Rept.; p 49-122
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  • 83
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    Active microwave users working group program planning (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: A detailed programmatic and technical development plan for active microwave technology was examined in each of four user activities: (1) vegetation; (2) water resources and geologic applications, and (4) oceanographic applications. Major application areas were identified, and the impact of each application area in terms of social and economic gains were evaluated. The present state of knowledge of the applicability of active microwave remote sensing to each application area was summarized and its role relative to other remote sensing devices was examined. The analysis and data acquisition techniques needed to resolve the effects of interference factors were reviewed to establish an operational capability in each application area. Flow charts of accomplished and required activities in each application area that lead to operational capability were structured.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Active Microwave Users Workshop Rept.; p 123-196
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  • 84
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    Applications of active microwave imagery (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The following topics were discussed in reference to active microwave applications: (1) Use of imaging radar to improve the data collection/analysis process; (2) Data collection tasks for radar that other systems will not perform; (3) Data reduction concepts; and (4) System and vehicle parameters: aircraft and spacecraft.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Active Microwave Users Workshop Rept.; p 15-48
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  • 85
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    Summary of the active microwave users workshop (1978)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: A coordinated microwave applications development program was initiated to improve the capability to: (1) identify, monitor, and assess the earth's resources; and (2) monitor the earth's environment and predict significant changes. The program consists of the scientific, technical, and programmatic activities required to develop microwave remote sensing into an operational tool for systematic earth observations.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Active Microwave Users Workshop Rept.; p 1-14
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  • 86
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    USDA Application Test System (ATS) session: ATS, technical approach and system design (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. B: The LACIE Symp.; p 497-505
    Format: text
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  • 87
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    USDA Application Test System (ATS) session: Technology transfer; concepts, user requirements, and their practical application (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. B: The LACIE Symp.; p 469-477
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  • 88
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    Data processing systems design session: The cartographic laboratory (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 225-234
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  • 89
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    Data processing systems design session: Evolution of the Earth Resources Interactive Processing System (ERIPS) (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 185-191
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  • 90
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    System implementation and operations session: System implementation and approaches used for generation of crop production reports (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 129-140
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 91
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    System implementation and operations session: The LACIE Application Evaluation System (AES), a design overview (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 83-96
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
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    Unbekannt
    LACIE: An experiment in global crop forecasting (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: The author has identified the following significant results. Both the accuracy and efficiency with which LACIE crop survey estimates were made have shown significant improvement in three years. In the U.S. and U.S.S.R. winter wheat regions, the original accuracy goals were met or exceeded, with 90/90 estimates achieved in the United States 1.5 to 2 months before harvest. Additionally, all available accuracy parameters indicate 90/90 estimates for the U.S.S.R. total crop. Key technology problems were identified during phase 2 with spring wheat in the United States and Canada which prevented the attainment of 90/90 accuracies in these regions. Technology solutions developed and tested in phase 3 partly resolved these issues with a significant improvement realized in the accuracy of the spring wheat area estimates.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Proc. of the Plenary Session: The LACIE Symp.; p 17-48
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Findings of the data processing systems design peer group (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Independent Peer Evaluation of the Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE): The LACIE Symp.; p 27-34
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 94
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    Unbekannt
    USDA Application Test System (ATS) session: Data base design for a worldwide multicrop information system (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. B: The LACIE Symp.; p 507-517
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Experiment results session: Accuracy and performance of LACIE estimates (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. B: The LACIE Symp.; p 293-316
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
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    Unbekannt
    Data processing systems design session: Man-machine interface in LACIE ERIPS (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 205-214
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    System implementation and operations session: LACIE AES efficiency report (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 165-173
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
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    Unbekannt
    Experiment design session: Classification and mensuration approach (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. A: The LACIE Symp.; p 49-68
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    LACIE applications evaluation system: A design overview (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Proc. of the Plenary Session: The LACIE Symp.; p 49-63
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
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    Unbekannt
    Supporting Research and Technology (SRT) session: Status of yield estimation technology, a review of second-generation model development (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-08
    Beschreibung: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Briefing Mater. for Tech. Presentations, Vol. B: The LACIE Symp.; p 413-435
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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